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Gong Z, Ye G, He X, He X. Effects of Tibetan Sheep-Derived Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Intestinal Tissue Morphology, and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10339-8. [PMID: 39141211 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics play an important role in animal growth, immunity, and gut microbial balance and are now widely used in agriculture, food, and medicine. This study analysed the effects of different concentrations of Tibetan sheep compound probiotics on the immunity, tissue morphology, and intestinal microbiota of mice using histological, molecular, and 16S rRNA techniques. The results showed that the composite probiotics sourced from Tibetan sheep improved the growth performance of mice, increased the length of small intestinal villi and mucosal thickness, and enhanced the intestinal barrier function of mice. DZ-L and DZ-M significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 mRNA. They also up-regulated IL-10 and TNF-β, and down-regulated TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8. The immune function of mice was enhanced, with DZ-M treatment having an extremely significant effect, while the effect of DZ-H treatment was slightly lower compared to DZ-L and DZ-M. In addition, the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota were modulated, and at the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was higher in the DZ-M group, the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota, Actinobacteriota, and Patescibacteria was reduced in the probiotic complex group, and the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota was higher. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae was higher in the DZ-L and DZ-M groups, and the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group in the DZ-H group; and the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Roseburia in the composite probiotic group. This study can improve the reference for the development of new green feed additives instead of antibiotics, which will also further promote the development of the livestock industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Gong
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Diagnosis for Animal Diseases and Green Technical Research for Prevention and Control, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Guisheng Ye
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China.
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Diagnosis for Animal Diseases and Green Technical Research for Prevention and Control, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China.
| | - Xi He
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Diagnosis for Animal Diseases and Green Technical Research for Prevention and Control, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
| | - Xiaolong He
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
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Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Chassaing B, Langella P. Exploring the interaction and impact of probiotic and commensal bacteria on vitamins, minerals and short chain fatty acids metabolism. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:172. [PMID: 38867272 PMCID: PMC11167913 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that probiotic and commensal bacteria play a role in substrate metabolism, energy harvesting and intestinal homeostasis, and may exert immunomodulatory activities on human health. In addition, recent research suggests that these microorganisms interact with vitamins and minerals, promoting intestinal and metabolic well-being while producing vital microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In this regard, there is a flourishing field exploring the intricate dynamics between vitamins, minerals, SCFAs, and commensal/probiotic interactions. In this review, we summarize some of the major hypotheses beyond the mechanisms by which commensals/probiotics impact gut health and their additional effects on the absorption and metabolism of vitamins, minerals, and SCFAs. Our analysis includes comprehensive review of existing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies, with particular focus on the potential interaction between commensals/probiotics and micronutrients. Finally, we highlight knowledge gaps and outline directions for future research in this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- Laboratory of Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, 78350, France.
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Microbiome-Host Interactions, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1306, Paris, France
- INSERM U1016, team Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases, CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Laboratory of Commensals and Probiotics-Host Interactions, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, 78350, France.
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Hati S, Ramanuj K, Basaiawmoit B, Koringa P, Desai M, Ghodasara DJ, Joshi KV, Pathan M, V S, Bhagora NJ, Savaliya FP, Mishra BK. Significance of Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the Growth Performance, Haematological Traits, Serum Biochemistry, Faecal and Caeca Microbiota of Broiler Chickens. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:706-725. [PMID: 36449022 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2149634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to supplement Lactobacillus and yeast in broiler feed by replacing immunomodulators to develop antibiotic free meat and egg production by analyzing broiler performance, haematological traits, serum biochemistry, histopathology, fecal bacterial count, and metagenomic analysis of broiler ceca. METHOD Two cultures i.e. KGL4 (Limosilactobacillus fermentum MTCC 25515) and WBS2A (Saccharomyces cerevisiae GI: MG101828) were considered for the evaluation of Broiler chicken's health and growth during 42 days study without supplementing immunomodulators and commercial probiotics in poultry feeds. The 96-day-old broiler chickens were grouped into: T1 [Control: basal diet + immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic], T2 [Basal diet without immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic + KGL4 (108 CFU/mL), T3 [Basal diet without immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic + WBS2A (107 CFU/mL), and T4 [Basal diet without immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic + KGL4 + WBS2A in a 1:1 ratio] (Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) No. 365/PRS/2022). The following parameters, i.e., body weight gain, feed consumption ratio (FCR), white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin content, platelet count, cholesterol content, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), fecal counts and metagenomic analysis of broiler ceca samples, were measured. RESULTS In the study, amongst various traits, the overall performance of the group treated along with Limosilactobacillus fermentum (KGL4) showed improved results as compared to control group. Limosilactobacillus fermentum (KGL4) treated group had higher body weight gain (2583.04 ± 35.421 g), FCR (1.60 ± 0.019), WBC (235.60 ± 2.562 × 103/µL), hemoglobin content (14.10 ± 0.442 g/dl), and HDL (131.40 ± 11.400 mg/dl). The investigation did not show significant variations in the relative proportions of genus or phylum among various groups during metagenomic analysis of ceca samples. There was also an improvement in haematological traits; no evidence of necrosis in heart, intestine and liver tissues. CONCLUSIONS The present study conclude that it is safe to feed Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to broilers as feed supplements and also supports the current knowledge regarding the use of yeast and lactic acid bacteria as an effective alternative stimulant for maintaining health and growth of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrota Hati
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Krupali Ramanuj
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Bethsheba Basaiawmoit
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production, North-Eastern Hill University, Chasingre, Meghalaya, India
| | - Prakash Koringa
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India
| | - Mansi Desai
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Dinesh J Ghodasara
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Kuldip V Joshi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Mohsin Pathan
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Sreeja V
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikesh J Bhagora
- Poultry Research Station, Veterinary and Dairy Science Unit, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India
| | - Fulabhai P Savaliya
- Poultry Research Station, Veterinary and Dairy Science Unit, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production, North-Eastern Hill University, Chasingre, Meghalaya, India
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Eglite S, Ilgaza A, Mancevica L, Zolovs M. The Effects of Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on Growth, Blood Biochemical, and Meat Quality Indicators of Specific Pathogen-Free Broiler Chickens. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:6297068. [PMID: 37441461 PMCID: PMC10335876 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6297068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus farciminis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on live weight gain, feed consumption indicators, and some metabolic blood biochemical and meat quality indicators of specific pathogen-free Ross 308 broiler chickens. We carried out the study in three trials and included a total of 780 unsexed Ross 308 chickens, which we randomly divided into two groups: the control group (Con, n = 390, basal diet) and the probiotic group (ProL, n = 390, basal diet + a powder consisting of L. farciminis and L. rhamnosus 4 g/10 kg of feed). We raised broilers until day 35. We determined the amount of feed consumed, the average daily weight gain, the feed conversion ratio, the average daily feed intake, and the cumulative feed intake once a week. We collected blood samples from 45 broilers from each group at the end of the study. In addition, we slaughtered 30 broilers from each group by cervical dislocation to obtain a breast muscle sample (without skin) to determine meat quality in these chickens (cholesterol and unsaturated, omega-3, omega-6, omega-9, and saturated fatty acids). Feeding a probiotic mixture containing L. farciminis and L. rhamnosus did not significantly affect the growth and feed intake indicators. Feeding these probiotics significantly lowered the blood serum cholesterol levels but did not provide the expected reduction in meat cholesterol levels. However, feeding a probiotic mixture increased the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids) in the breast meat and decreased saturated fatty acids. To better explain the effect of the combination of lactic acid bacteria (L. farciminis and L. rhamnosus) on the growth and development of broiler chickens in our study, histological and immunohistochemical examinations should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Eglite
- Preclinical Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, K. Helmana Street 8, Jelgava, LV 3004, Latvia
| | - Aija Ilgaza
- Preclinical Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, K. Helmana Street 8, Jelgava, LV 3004, Latvia
| | - Lauma Mancevica
- Preclinical Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, K. Helmana Street 8, Jelgava, LV 3004, Latvia
| | - Maksims Zolovs
- Statistics Unit, Riga Stradins University, Balozu Street 14, Riga, LV 1007, Latvia
- Department of Biosystematics, Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, Parades Street 1a, Daugavpils, LV 5401, Latvia
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Azzam MM, Al-Abdullatif A, Akasha M, Alhotan R, Suliman G, Lahaye L, Santin E. Effects of protected complex of bio-factors and antioxidants on growth performance, serum biochemistry, meat quality, and intestinal antioxidant and immunomodulatory-related gene expressions of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102666. [PMID: 37080007 PMCID: PMC10127134 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were assigned to 3 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 8 replicates per treatment, and 4 birds per replicate. The control group was fed a basal control diet, and the 2 test groups were fed the basal control diet supplemented with 150 and 300 mg/kg of protected complex of biofactors and antioxidants [P(BF+AOX)], respectively. The P(BF+AOx) is a combination of vitamins, L-tryptophan and biofactors such as fermentation extracts (Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada). Dietary P(BF+AOX) did not affect growth performance and breast meat quality (water holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, and texture profile analysis), but the addition of 150 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) decreased the relative weight of liver, heart, and spleen (P < 0.05). The addition of 150 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) tended to increase (P = 0.051) the cold carcass yield. The addition of 150 and 300 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) decreased (P = 0.002) the cooler carcass shrink, but the relative weight of fat pad increased (P = 0.032) in chickens fed 300 mg/kg P(BF+AOx) than in those of birds fed the control diet. On the other hand, the addition of 300 mg/kg of P(BF+AOX) decreased (P = 0.041) the serum level of uric acid compared with those of birds fed the basal diet. Broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with 150 mg/kg of diet had higher (P < 0.05) mRNA expressions of jejunal SOD1 and interleukins 6 and 10 (IL-6, IL-10). The findings suggest that P(BF+AOX) could be considered as a functional nutrient in broiler diets up to a concentration of 150 mg/kg because of its favorable effects on maintaining intestinal barrier function as well as carcass traits, while excess levels (300 mg/kg) had exhibited superior effect on the serum level of uric acid compared with those of birds fed the control diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mostafa Azzam
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Abdullatif
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Musab Akasha
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed Alhotan
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin Suliman
- Animal Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ludovic Lahaye
- Research and Development, Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Santin
- Research and Development, Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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Abd El-Hack ME, Alagawany M, El-Shall NA, Shehata AM, Abdel-Moneim AME, Naiel MAE. Probiotics in Poultry Nutrition as a Natural Alternative for Antibiotics. ANTIBIOTIC ALTERNATIVES IN POULTRY AND FISH FEED 2022:137-159. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815049015122010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Since the early 1950s, antibiotics have been used in poultry for improving
feed efficiency and growth performance. Nevertheless, various side effects have
appeared, such as antibiotic resistance, antibiotic residues in eggs and meat, and
imbalance of beneficial intestinal bacteria. Consequently, it is essential to find other
alternatives that include probiotics that improve poultry production. Probiotics are live
microorganisms administered in adequate doses and improve host health. Probiotics are
available to be used as feed additives, increasing the availability of the nutrients for
enhanced growth by digesting the feed properly. Immunity and meat and egg quality
can be improved by supplementation of probiotics in poultry feed. Furthermore, the
major reason for using probiotics as feed additives is that they can compete with
various infectious diseases causing pathogens in poultry's gastrointestinal tract. Hence,
this chapter focuses on the types and mechanisms of action of probiotics and their
benefits, by feed supplementation, for poultry health and production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nahed A. El-Shall
- Alexandria University,Department of poultry and fish diseases,Elbehira,Egypt
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Astuti FD, Sugiharto S, Yudiarti T, Widiastuti E, Wahyuni HI, Ayaşan T. Growth performance, blood variables, intestinal bacterial content, and morphological measurements of broilers supplemented with Lactobacillus casei-fermented mixture of red rice and aromatic ginger. Vet World 2022; 15:818-826. [PMID: 35698530 PMCID: PMC9178562 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.818-826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Natural feed additives are important for broiler sustainability during the post-antibiotic era. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of the dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus casei-fermented mixture of red rice and aromatic ginger (FERMIX) on growth, blood profiles, intestinal bacterial content, and morphological measurements of broilers. Materials and Methods: Two hundred broiler chicks were allotted to four groups with five replications, including CONTROL (chicks provided with basal feed), FERMIX025 (basal feed supplemented with 0.25% FERMIX), FERMIX050 (0.50% FERMIX), and FERMIX100 (1.00% FERMIX). FERMIX is an anaerobic fermentation product from a mixture of red rice flour and aromatic ginger using L. casei. Blood, organs, digesta, and carcass were collected on day 35. Results: Final body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio did not differ (p>0.05) across treatments. FERMIX at 0.5% increased (p<0.05) spleen relative weight. Liver weight was lower (p<0.05) in broilers fed with 1% FERMIX. The liver weight linearly reduced (p<0.05) with the increased FERMIX levels. FERMIX at 0.25% elevated (p<0.05) broiler drumsticks’ yield than that in other groups. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and plasma total protein levels were quadratically higher (p<0.05) in FERMIX050 treated than in other groups. Increased FERMIX levels resulted in a linear decrease (p=0.08) in ileal lactose-negative Enterobacteriaceae counts. Villi height/crypt depth (CD) ratio was quadratically higher (p<0.05) in the duodenum of broiler supplemented with 0.5% FERMIX. The jejunal CD was quadratically lower (p<0.05) in FERMIX050 than in other groups. Conclusion: Although it did not influence growth, dietary FERMIX, especially at 0.5%, improved immune competencies, physiological conditions, and health of broilers’ intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitri Dwi Astuti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Sugiharto Sugiharto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Turrini Yudiarti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Endang Widiastuti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Hanny I. Wahyuni
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Tugay Ayaşan
- Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Kadirli Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Organic Farming Business Management, Osmaniye, Turkey
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Correlations between first order echotextural characteristics and chemical composition of pectoralis major muscles in broiler chickens receiving different dietary fat supplements. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study examined the quantitative relationships among ultrasonographic image attributes and chemical composition of the pectoralis major muscles in broiler chickens that received four different dietary fat supplements (Group SO: soybean oil; Group FO: flaxseed oil; Group SO+FO: soybean oil+flaxseed oil; and Group BT: beef tallow; n=10 birds/group). Ultrasonograms of birds’ pectoral muscles, in a transverse (T) and longitudinal (L) plane, were obtained just before slaughter at 6 weeks of age and were subjected to digital image analyses to determine mean pixel intensity (MPI) and pixel heterogeneity values (standard deviation of numerical pixel values; MPH; a.k.a first order echotextural characteristics). Thirty-eight chemical characteristics of the muscles were determined post-mortem (crude fat, protein, and dry matter as well as fatty acid profiles) and were analyzed for correlations with the echotextural variables. A total of 12 (L-MPI: 7; L-MPH: 4; and T-MPH: 1 correlation), 5 (L-MPI: 2; L-MPH: 2; and T-MPI: 1 correlation), 15 (L-MPI: 10; T-MPI: 4; and T-MPH: 1 correlation) and 8 (L-MPI: 2; L-MPH: 1; and TMPH: 5 correlations) significant correlations were recorded in Groups SO, FO, SO+FO and BT, respectively. When the data were pooled for all 40 birds studied, significant correlations with echotextural attributes were recorded for eighteen different chemical constituents, with the strongest overall correlation found between crude fat content and T-MPI (r=0.52, P=0.0005). In conclusion, there exists a potential application for ultrasonographic imaging in situ combined with computerized image analysis to estimate certain chemical constituents of pectoralis major muscles in broiler chickens. However, the existence and strength of correlations among ultrasonographic image attributes and muscle composition are affected by the source of dietary fat and relative abundance (“threshold concentrations”) of individual chemical components.
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Effects of the Use of a Combination of Two Bacillus Species on Performance, Egg Quality, Small Intestinal Mucosal Morphology, and Cecal Microbiota Profile in Aging Laying Hens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:204-213. [PMID: 30810908 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens were randomly divided into five groups and fed different diets over a period of 84 days. Experimental treatments included a basal diet (control); the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 106B. licheniformis yb-214245; the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 106B. subtilis yb-114246; a combination of both strains in a 2:1 ratio (6.6 × 105:3.3 × 105B. licheniformis yb-214245:B. subtilis yb-114246); and the latter, added with 5 mg/kg flavomycin. Basal diet supplementation with the combined Bacillus species improved egg-laying performance in aging hens significantly (P < 0.05). Eggshell strength improved significantly with this treatment, compared to the control or the antibiotic-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in egg yolk declined significantly more in the Bacillus-treated group than in the control or the antibiotic-supplemented groups (P < 0.01). Small intestinal morphology was better in the hens treated with the Bacillus combination than in the hens in the control group (P < 0.05). The total number of aerobic bacteria (Bacillus, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium) in the cecum was significantly higher in all the Bacillus-supplemented hens than either in the control or the antibiotic-supplemented hens (P < 0.01); additionally, the number of E. coli and Salmonella was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.01). In conclusion, diet supplementation with the combination of Bacillus species used here for aging laying hens improved their growth performance, cecal bacterial composition, egg quality, and small intestine morphology.
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Poudel S, Zhang L, Tabler GT, Lin J, Zhai W. Effects of riboflavin and Bacillus subtilis on internal organ development and intestinal health of Ross 708 male broilers with or without coccidial challenge. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100973. [PMID: 33588345 PMCID: PMC7896149 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In a companion study, we found that inclusion of different doses of riboflavin affected growth performance of Ross 708 male broilers' responses to coccidial challenge (by 5 Eimeria spp on day 14 of age) and dietary Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) supplementation. The current study was conducted to further test whether supplementation of B. subtilis and riboflavin will reduce negative impact and inflammation caused by Eimeria spp proliferation and help proper function of internal organs. A total of 1,248 Ross × Ross 708 male broiler chicks were randomly placed in 96 floor pens (8 blocks, 12 treatments). Treatments were arranged in a 3 (riboflavin) × 2 (B. subtilis) × 2 (Coccidial challenge) factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design. Coccidial challenge reduced the weight of sampled birds on day 27 and day 36 and increased the relative weights of the internal organs of proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and spleen to BW on day 27, which may be because of inflammation caused by proliferation of Eimeria spp. The increased relative weights of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and spleen on coccidial challenged birds were lost on day 36. Correlation analysis also indicated that the jejunum weight was positively related to villus height, Eimeria acervulina, and Eimeria maxima on day 27 but was not on day 36. The loss of the positive relationships may be because of recovery of the birds from coccidiosis on day 36. Even though the coccidial challenge and riboflavin interactively affected feed conversion ratio and BW gain and supplementation of dietary B. subtilis reduced mortality from day 35 to 42 in the companion study, the same response of internal organs was not observed in the current study. Coccidial challenge compromised development of internal organs of Ross 708 male broilers at an early age, but the negative effects subsided with age of birds rather than supplementation of riboflavin and B. subtilis at current tested levels under our experimental set up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabin Poudel
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - George T Tabler
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
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Sjofjan O, Adli DN, Harahap RP, Jayanegara A, Utama DT, Seruni AP. The effects of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts as probiotics on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune responses of broiler: A meta-analysis. F1000Res 2021; 10:183. [PMID: 34804492 PMCID: PMC8567689 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51219.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The number of publications in Scopus on this topic increased from less than 50 in 1995 to more than 250 in 2015. In other hand, Inconsistency in results about the correlation between yeast and lactic acid bacteria as probiotics has been evident since the early publications on use in broilers. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to determine relationship between lactic acid bacteria and yeast as probiotics to broiler diets on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler. A database was designed based on published data that reported the use of probiotics on the broiler. The method used for selecting articles was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Articles selected were taken from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science direct databases as well as individual. Results: The final database consists of 49 in vivo articles, 93 studies, and 225 treatments. The analysis statement in the system was a PROC MIXED procedure of SAS software. The level of probiotic increased (p <0.001) body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake of broiler. There was a reduction (p <0.01) on feed conversion ratio and mortality on the level probiotic given to broiler. Supplementation of probiotics in broiler diet increased (p <0.001) the weight of liver, spleen, gizzard, bursa of fabricius and carcass yield, while reduced (p<0.001) abdominal fat weight. The probiotic given increased the total of red and white blood cells (both at p < 0.001) but did not affect lymphocyte. Discussion: It can be concluded the yeast act as supporting agent that serves lactic acid bacteria as probiotic increases the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osfar Sjofjan
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Danung Nur Adli
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
- Study Program of Animal Science, Univeristy of TanjungPura, Pontianak, Borneo, 78124, Indonesia
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Tri Utama
- Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
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12
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Sjofjan O, Adli DN, Harahap RP, Jayanegara A, Utama DT, Seruni AP. The effects of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts as probiotics on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune responses of broiler: A meta-analysis. F1000Res 2021; 10:183. [PMID: 34804492 PMCID: PMC8567689 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51219.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The number of publications in Scopus on this topic increased from less than 50 in 1995 to more than 250 in 2015. In other hand, inconsistency in results about the correlation between yeast and lactic acid bacteria as probiotics has been evident since the early publications on use in broilers. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to determine relationship between lactic acid bacteria and yeast as probiotics to broiler diets on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler. A database was designed based on published data that reported the use of probiotics on the broiler. The method used for selecting articles was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Articles selected were taken from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science direct databases as well as individual. Results: The final database consists of 49 in vivo articles, 93 studies, and 225 treatments. The analysis statement in the system was a PROC MIXED procedure of SAS software. The level of probiotic increased (p <0.001) body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake of broiler. There was a reduction (p <0.01) on feed conversion ratio and mortality on the level probiotic given to broiler. Supplementation of probiotics in broiler diet increased (p <0.001) the weight of liver, spleen, gizzard, bursa of fabricius and carcass yield, while reduced (p<0.001) abdominal fat weight. The probiotic given increased the total of red and white blood cells (both at p < 0.001) but did not affect lymphocyte. Discussion: It can be concluded the yeast act as supporting agent that serves lactic acid bacteria as probiotic increases the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osfar Sjofjan
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Danung Nur Adli
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
- Study Program of Animal Science, Univeristy of TanjungPura, Pontianak, Borneo, 78124, Indonesia
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Tri Utama
- Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
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13
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Sjofjan O, Adli DN, Harahap RP, Jayanegara A, Utama DT, Seruni AP. The effects of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts as probiotics on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune responses of broiler: A meta-analysis. F1000Res 2021; 10:183. [PMID: 34804492 PMCID: PMC8567689 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51219.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The number of publications in Scopus on this topic increased from less than 50 in 1995 to more than 250 in 2015. In other hand, inconsistency in results about the correlation between yeast and lactic acid bacteria as probiotics has been evident since the early publications on use in broilers. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to determine relationship between lactic acid bacteria and yeast as probiotics to broiler diets on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler. A database was designed based on published data that reported the use of probiotics on the broiler. The method used for selecting articles was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Articles selected were taken from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science direct databases as well as individual. Results: The final database consists of 49 in vivo articles, 93 studies, and 225 treatments. The analysis statement in the system was a PROC MIXED procedure of SAS software. The level of probiotic increased (p <0.001) body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake of broiler. There was a reduction (p <0.01) on feed conversion ratio and mortality on the level probiotic given to broiler. Supplementation of probiotics in broiler diet increased (p <0.001) the weight of liver, spleen, gizzard, bursa of fabricius and carcass yield, while reduced (p<0.001) abdominal fat weight. The probiotic given increased the total of red and white blood cells (both at p < 0.001) but did not affect lymphocyte. Discussion: It can be concluded the yeast act as supporting agent that serves lactic acid bacteria as probiotic increases the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osfar Sjofjan
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Danung Nur Adli
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
- Study Program of Animal Science, Univeristy of TanjungPura, Pontianak, Borneo, 78124, Indonesia
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, IPB university, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Tri Utama
- Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
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Şahan Z, Kutay H, Çeli̇k L. Influence of Effective Microorganism Supplementation to the Drinking Water on Performance and Some Blood Parameters of Laying Hens Exposed to A High Ambient Temperature. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Ribeiro MV, Cristo ABD, Bordignon HLF, Simões EP, Bittencourt LC, Fernandes JIM. Supplementation of minerals and vitamins in broiler diets: effect on performance and bone quality. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v22e-67656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Differences in growth rate and carcass composition of broilers may require higher levels of vitamins and minerals with higher bioavailability. The aim of this trial was to supplement commercial diets for broilers with optimized levels of vitamins and with different mineral sources to assess the effect on performance, carcass yield and bone quality. A total of 1,800 Cobb Slow male broiler chicks were distributed into a 2 x 2 factorial completely randomized design (vitamin programs - optimized and commercial versus mineral sources - inorganic [sulfates] and carbo-amino-phospho-chelate, CAPC). The vitamin D3 metabolite, 25 (OH) D3, was included in the optimized vitamin premix. Birds and feed leftovers were weekly weighed. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using the GLM procedure of SAS software. Supplementing diets with a combination of optimized vitamin programs and CAPC as mineral source resulted in better feed conversion at 42 days of age (P<0.05). Supplementation with CAPC minerals resulted in a lower red index (*a) (P<0.05) in the adjacent thigh muscles and drumstick bones of broilers when thawed and roasted, indicating less bone porosity. The inclusion rates of mineral sources with higher bioavailability can be reduced, decreasing the negative impact of mineral excretion and the polluting effect on the environment.
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Khochamit N, Siripornadulsil S, Sukon P, Siripornadulsil W. Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria improve the growth performance and blood parameters and reduce Salmonella infection in broilers. Vet World 2020; 13:2663-2672. [PMID: 33487985 PMCID: PMC7811549 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2663-2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to determine the potentials and effects of Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as probiotics on broiler growth, health, and Salmonella infection. Materials and Methods To evaluate the inoculum size applicable for broilers, 1-day-old broilers were orally fed fresh cultures of single strains and a B. subtilis KKU213/Pediococcus pentosaceus NP6 mixture at 108 and 1012 colony-forming unit (CFUs)/mL/chick. The body weight gain (BWG), Salmonella contamination level and total Bacillus and LAB abundances in the crop and intestine were measured. Subsequently, 1-day-old broilers were orally fed of KKU213, CH403, and Pediococcus acidilactici SH8 at 1010 CFUs/mL, followed by inulin. After 35 days, the BWG, Bacillus and LAB abundances in the cecum, blood parameters, and KKU213 colonization were assessed. Results The broilers fed single strains or KKU213+NP6 exhibited a higher BWG and a higher crop LAB abundance than the controls (p<0.05). Probiotic feeding decreased the intestinal Salmonella abundance and correspondingly increased the LAB abundance. The broilers fed the mixed culture (KKU213+CH403+SH8) followed by prebiotics showed lower mortality, higher blood high-density lipoprotein levels, and lower blood uric acid levels than the controls (p<0.0004). Probiotic feeding significantly increased the Bacillus and LAB counts (p<0.05). A CE330 isolate obtained from the cecum after 35 days of KKU213 feeding was closely related to B. subtilis KKU213. Conclusion B. subtilis KKU213 is a potent probiotic strain that can survive, colonize and reduce Salmonella infection in broilers and improve their growth and health. This strain, combined with different LAB can act synergistically in the gut and promote broiler growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalisa Khochamit
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Surasak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Peerapol Sukon
- Research Group for Preventive Technology in Livestock, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wilailak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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17
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Duskaev G, Rakhmatullin S, Kvan O. Effects of Bacillus cereus and coumarin on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters, and meat quality in broilers. Vet World 2020; 13:2484-2492. [PMID: 33363345 PMCID: PMC7750213 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2484-2492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Progressive antibiotic resistance has become the primary threat to public health. The search for alternative substances with similar effects is now a global challenge for poultry farming. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of the probiotic Bacillus cereus (BC) and coumarin (CO) on broiler productivity, biochemical indicators of blood, and muscular and liver tissues. Materials and Methods: The trial of this study included Arbor Acres cross broiler chickens that were grown up to the age of 42 days. The experiment was conducted on 200 broiler chickens divided into four experimental groups of 50 individuals each: The control group received ration without additives (main ration [MR]), the first experimental group received MR+BC, the second received MR+CO, and the third received −MR+BC+CO. A biochemical and hematological analyzer was used to estimate elemental concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Results: Inclusion of CO and CO+BC in the diet improved growth rates and reduced feed consumption (FC) per kg of live weight gain. Decreased white blood cell count, increased creatinine and triglycerides (CO), changes in aminotransferase and transpeptidase activity, and increases in chemical elements in the liver and pectoral muscles (BC+CO) were observed. The inclusion of BC+CO in the diet contributed to increases in a greater number of chemical elements in the liver (calcium [Ca], K, magnesium, Mn, Si, and Zn) and the pectoral muscles (Ca, Na, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn). Conclusion: The inclusion of CO and CO+BC in the diet improves growth rates and reduces FC in broilers against a background of the absence of mortality during the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galimzhan Duskaev
- Department for Feeding Agricultural Animals and Fodder Technology, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the RAS, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Shamil Rakhmatullin
- Department for Feeding Agricultural Animals and Fodder Technology, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the RAS, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Olga Kvan
- Department for Feeding Agricultural Animals and Fodder Technology, Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the RAS, Orenburg, Russia
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18
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Yang J, Huang K, Wang J, Wu D, Liu Z, Yu P, Wei Z, Chen F. Combined Use of Bacillus subtilis yb-114,246 and Bacillus licheniformis yb-214,245 Improves Body Growth Performance of Chinese Huainan Partridge Shank Chickens by Enhancing Intestinal Digestive Profiles. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 13:327-342. [PMID: 32783087 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to unveil the promoting function of compound Bacillus sp. in improving chicken digestion-induced higher body growth performance. Strains of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis were jointly supplemented to the chick diet. Digestive enzyme activities in the digesta improved, development of intestinal villus enhanced, and duodenum and ileum villous height increased, while their crypt depth declined, and the cecum's bacterial composition optimized after 56 days of supplementation. Bacterial composition at the phylum level changed significantly, more Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota, and Tenericutes, but fewer Bacteroidetes were detected in cecum digesta in the compound Bacillus supplemented group. Bacterial composition diversity, which improves the abundances of metabolic genes through KEGG pathway classification, became more abundant. Results indicated that the Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, and unclassified Lachnospiraceae species are actively correlated with body growth, promoting higher final body weight. In conclusion, owing to digestive enzyme secretion, the development of intestinal villus was stimulated and gastrointestinal bacterial composition optimized, and two combined Bacillus sp. improved chicken body growth. Our findings show the promoting action of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis on digestion, which can be an alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Yang
- The College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agriculture Science, No. 40 of NongKe South of Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agriculture Science, No. 40 of NongKe South of Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Zongliang Liu
- Hefei Zhien Biotechnology Company Limited, National University Science Park, No.602 of Huangshan Road, Hefei, 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanyong Wei
- The College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
| | - Fu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Guo S, Xv J, Li Y, Bi Y, Hou Y, Ding B. Interactive effects of dietary vitamin K 3 and Bacillus subtilis PB6 on the growth performance and tibia quality of broiler chickens with sex separate rearing. Animal 2020; 14:1610-1618. [PMID: 32054553 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731120000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Both vitamin K and probiotics can promote the bone health of poultry and mammals. The present study was conducted to investigate the interactive effects between vitamin K3 (VK3) and Bacillus subtilis PB6 on the growth performance and tibia quality of broiler chickens with sex separate rearing. In a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, 720 one-day-old broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were assigned to 12 groups with three levels of dietary VK3 (0, 0.5 and 4.0 mg/kg), with or without probiotic supplementation (500 g/t) and with sex separation (male and female). Each group included 3 replicates with 20 birds per replicate. During day 1 to 21, 0.5 and 4.0 mg/kg of VK3 increased average daily gain (ADG) of all birds and average daily feed intake of male birds (P < 0.05). During day 22 to 42, probiotic supplementation increased the ADG of birds (P < 0.05). Probiotic addition increased the weight, length, diameter and strength of tibia in all birds, and 0.5 and 4.0 mg/kg of VK3 increased the tibial breaking strength of male birds at day 21 (P < 0.05). Vitamin K3 and probiotic synergistically increased tibial breaking strength at day 42 and ash content at day 21 (P < 0.05). Three factors exhibited interactive effects on the chemical composition of tibia at day 42, and female birds fed 4 mg/kg of VK3 and probiotic had the highest contents of ash, calcium and phosphorus (P < 0.05). Bacillus subtilis PB6 increased the serum phosphorus level of male birds at day 21 and serum calcium level of female ones at day 42 (P < 0.05). At day 21, in the probiotic-supplemented birds, serum osteocalcin (OCN) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) were increased by 0 and 4.0 mg/kg of VK3, respectively (P < 0.05). Probiotic increased serum OCN and cooperated with VK3 to increase the serum BALP at day 42 (P < 0.05). Vitamin K3 and probiotic synergistically down-regulated the mRNA expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 and OCN at day 21 (P < 0.05). Vitamin K3 down-regulated the alkaline phosphatase (liver/bone/kidney) expression in male birds at day 21 and 42, but probiotic up-regulated the expression of these genes at day 42 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, VK3 and B. subtilis PB6 promoted the growth performance of broilers during starter and grower phases, respectively. They synergistically improved the physical and chemical traits of tibias, especially in grower phase, by modulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism as well as osteogenic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan430023, China
| | - J Xv
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan430023, China
| | - Y Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan430023, China
| | - Y Bi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan430023, China
| | - Y Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan430023, China
| | - B Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan430023, China
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Wu Y, Wang B, Zeng Z, Liu R, Tang L, Gong L, Li W. Effects of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum 16 and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 on intestinal barrier function, antioxidative capacity, apoptosis, immune response, and biochemical parameters in broilers. Poult Sci 2019; 98:5028-5039. [PMID: 31064013 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 16 (Lac16) and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 (BSC10) on intestinal barrier function, antioxidative capacity, apoptosis, immune response, and biochemical parameters in broilers. A total of 540 one-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb500) were randomly allocated to three groups of 180 birds, and fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 108 colony-forming units Lac16 or BSC10 per kilogram feed for 21 D. The results revealed that both Lac16 and BSC10 maintained ileal mucosal morphology, and BSC10 regulated the expression of barrier function-related genes. Birds fed with probiotics decreased malondialdehyde level in jejunal mucosa and serum, and the increased activities of hepatic GSH-Px and jejunal CAT were observed in BSC10 group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry of Bax, Bcl-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and TUNEL-immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that Lac16 and BSC10 exerted beneficial effects on cell apoptosis and proliferation, as indicated by the gene expression of down-regulated Bax and p53 as well as a significant upregulation of Bcl-2 (P < 0.05). In addition, Lac16 and BSC10 significantly increased NO production and iNOS activity in liver and jejunal mucosa, and gene expression of IFN-γ (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.05), and IL-10 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in ileum mucosa, whereas markedly decreased the expression of Cox2 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that Lac16 and BSC10 significantly reduced levels of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and creatine kinase (P < 0.05). Moreover, BSC10 significantly reduced uric acid (P < 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.01). Taken together, Lac16 and BSC10 could improve intestinal and body health status of broilers by increasing intestinal barrier function, anti-oxidative capacity and immunity, and decreasing cell apoptosis with strain-specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Gong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
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Mu W, Wang Y, Huang C, Fu Y, Li J, Wang H, Jia X, Ba Q. Effect of Long-Term Intake of Dietary Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Intestine Inflammation in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9382-9389. [PMID: 31361959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Early stage exposure of foodborne substances, such as brightening agent titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), can cause long-term effects in adulthood. We aimed to explore the potential adverse effect of long-term dietary intake of TiO2 NPs. After feeding for 2-3 months from weaning, TiO2 NPs-exposed mice showed lower body weight and induced intestinal inflammation. However, this phenomenon was not observed in gut microbiota-removed mice. TiO2 NPs exposure rarely affected the diversity of microbial communities, but significantly decreased the abundance of several probiotic taxa including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Additionally, TiO2 NPs aggravated DSS-induced chronic colitis and immune response in vivo, and reduced the population of CD4+T cells, regulatory T cells, and macrophages in mesenteric lymph nodes. Therefore, dietary TiO2 NPs could interfere with the balance of immune system and dynamic of gut microbiome, which may result in low-grade intestinal inflammation and aggravated immunological response to external stimulus, thus introducing potential health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mu
- School of Public Health , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200025 , P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Henan Business Research Institute Company, Limited , Zhengzhou 450000 , P. R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , P. R. China
| | - Yijing Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , P. R. China
| | - Jingquan Li
- School of Public Health , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200025 , P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200025 , P. R. China
| | - Xudong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health , Beijing 100021 , P. R. China
| | - Qian Ba
- School of Public Health , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200025 , P. R. China
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Sugiharto S, Yudiarti T, Isroli I, Widiastuti E, Wahyuni HI. Hematological parameters and selected intestinal microbiota populations in the Indonesian indigenous crossbred chickens fed basal diet supplemented with multi-strain probiotic preparation in combination with vitamins and minerals. Vet World 2018; 11:874-882. [PMID: 30034184 PMCID: PMC6048088 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.874-882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with multi-strain probiotic preparation in combination with vitamins and minerals on the hematological parameters and selected intestinal microbiota populations in the Indonesian indigenous crossbred chickens. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 one-day-old Indonesian indigenous crossbred chicks were raised for 10 weeks. The chicks were distributed to one of four groups, i.e., chicks receiving basal diet without any additive (CONT), chicks receiving basal diet with 0.04% of zinc bacitracin (AGP), chicks receiving basal diet with 0.01% of commercial probiotic Bacillus subtilis preparation (PROB1), and chicks receiving basal diet with 0.5% of multi-strain probiotic preparation in combination with vitamins and minerals (PROB2). Blood was collected on the week 8, while the internal organs and eviscerated carcasses were collected on the week 10. Results: PROB2 tended (p=0.09) to have a lower body weight (BW) compared to CONT chicks. Feed conversion ratio was higher (p<0.05) in PROB1 and PROB2 compared to CONT birds. The number of thrombocytes tended (p=0.09) to be higher in CONT than in other groups. Antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus vaccine was higher (p<0.05) in PROB1 and PROB2 than in CONT group. Serum triglyceride concentration was lower (p<0.05) in PROB2 than in other birds. AGP chicks had lower (p<0.05) serum total protein and globulin concentrations than CONT and PROB1 chicks. Serum albumin level was lower (p<0.05) in PROB2 than in CONT and PROB1 birds. Albumin to globulin ratio tended (p=0.06) to be higher in AGP than in other birds. Lactose-negative Enterobacteriaceae tended (p=0.07) to be lower in PROB1 and PROB2 than in CONT group. PROB1 and PROB2 tended (p=0.06) to have greater lactic acid bacteria (LAB) population than in CONT and AGP birds. Conclusion: Multi-strain probiotic preparation in combination with vitamins and minerals was able to improve immune response and control the potentially pathogenic bacteria. However, the additive could not improve the growth performance of the Indonesian indigenous crossbred chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugiharto Sugiharto
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Turrini Yudiarti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Isroli Isroli
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Endang Widiastuti
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Hanny I Wahyuni
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
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