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Kang TJ, Zhou SM, Xie X, Ma RR, Qian D, Jin S, Yin F. Evaluation of the safety, immunogenicity and protective effect of an attenuated Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain ΔgacS as the live vaccine for the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:109836. [PMID: 39147177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is one of most important pathogenic bacterial species in large yellow croaker and several other commercially valuable fish species. In our previous study, a GacS deficient mutant (ΔgacS) was constructed and its virulence showed substantially attenuated. In present study, the safety, immunogenicity and protective effect of the ΔgacS were evaluated in large yellow croaker as a live-attenuated vaccine candidate. It was shown that the ΔgacS strain exhibited good safety to large yellow croaker and there was no mortality or clinical symptoms observed in all fish that infected by ΔgacS strain with the doses range from 2 × 105~107 CFU per fish via intraperitoneal injection (IP) or immersion (IM), and almost all bacteria were cleaned up in the spleen of the fish at 14-day post infection. Specific antibodies could be detected at 7-day and 14-day post infection by direct agglutination method, and the valences of antibodies and bactericidal activities of the serum were significant increased with vaccination doses and vaccination time. Moreover, the expressions of some molecules and cytokines involved in specific immune responses were detected in the ΔgacS strain immunization group and control group. After challenged by the wild-type (WT) strain XSDHY-P, the relative percentage survival (RPS) showed highly correlated with the immunized dosage regardless of vaccination methods. It showed that the RPS of the IP groups were 39.47 %, 57.89 %, 71.05 % with the immune dosage in a descending order, respectively, and the RPS of the IM groups were 26.31 %, 36.84 %, 76.31 % with the immune dosage in a descending order, respectively. In summary, the ΔgacS strain exhibited safety and good protective effect to large yellow croaker and was a potential live vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Jing Kang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Su-Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Xiao Xie
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Rong-Rong Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Dong Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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Lu J, Ding W, Wei J, Ye H, Luo H, Li Y, Lin Y, Yu Y, Yao J, Wu R. The role of aroA and ppk1 in Aeromonas veronii pathogenicity and the efficacy evaluation of mutant strain AV-ΔaroA/ppk1 as a live attenuated vaccine. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:109869. [PMID: 39222829 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is an opportunistic pathogen that poses great threat to aquaculture and human health, so there is an urgent need for green and efficient methods to deal with its infection. In this study, single and double gene deletion strains (AV-ΔaroA, AV-Δppk1 and AV-ΔaroA/ppk1) that can be stably inherited were constructed. Pathogenicity test showed that the toxicity of AV-ΔaroA and AV-ΔaroA/ppk1 was significantly lower compared to wild-type A. veronii. Biological characterization analysis revealed that the decrease in pathogenicity might be due to the declined growth, motility, biofilm formation abilities and the expression of virulence-related genes in mutants. Subsequently, we evaluated the efficacy of AV-ΔaroA/ppk1 as a live attenuated vaccine (LAV). Safety assessment experiments showed that AV-ΔaroA/ppk1 injected at a concentration of 3 × 107 CFU/mL was safe for C. carassius. The relative percentage survival of AV-ΔaroA/ppk1 was 67.85 %, significantly higher than that of the inactivated A. veronii, which had an RPS of 54.84 %. This improved protective effect was mainly attributed to the increased levels of A. veronii specific IgM antibody, enhanced alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme and superoxide dismutase activities, as well as higher expression levels of several immune related genes. Together, these findings deepen our understanding of the functional roles of aroA and ppk1 in A. veronii pathogenicity, provide a good candidate of LAV for A. veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Wan'e Ding
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Jinming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Hua Ye
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Hui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Ying Lin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yongyao Yu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Jiayun Yao
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China.
| | - Ronghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City & Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Mkulo EM, Wang B, Amoah K, Huang Y, Cai J, Jin X, Wang Z. The current status and development forecasts of vaccines for aquaculture and its effects on bacterial and viral diseases. Microb Pathog 2024; 196:106971. [PMID: 39307198 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The aquaculture sector predicts protein-rich meals by 2040 and has experienced significant economic shifts since 2000. However, challenges emanating from disease control measures, brood stock improvement, feed advancements, hatchery technology, and water quality management due to environmental fluctuations have been taken as major causative agents for hindering the sector's growth. For the past years, aquatic disease prevention and control have principally depended on the use of various antibiotics, ecologically integrated control, other immunoprophylaxis mechanisms, and chemical drugs, but the long-term use of chemicals such as antibiotics not only escalates antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes but also harms the fish and the environments, resulting in drug residues in aquatic products, severely obstructing the growth of the aquaculture sector. The field of science has opened new avenues in basic and applied research for creating and producing innovative and effective vaccines and the enhancement of current vaccines to protect against numerous infectious diseases. Recent advances in vaccines and vaccinology could lead to novel vaccine candidates that can tackle fish diseases, including parasitic organism agents, for which the current vaccinations are inadequate. In this review, we study and evaluate the growing aquaculture production by focusing on the current knowledge, recent progress, and prospects related to vaccinations and immunizations in the aquaculture industry and their effects on treating bacterial and viral diseases. The subject matter covers a variety of vaccines, such as conventional inactivated and attenuated vaccines as well as advanced vaccines, and examines their importance in real-world aquaculture scenarios. To encourage enhanced importation of vaccines for aquaculture sustainability and profitability and also help in dealing with challenges emanating from diseases, national and international scientific and policy initiatives need to be informed about the fundamental understanding of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evodia Moses Mkulo
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Kwaku Amoah
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China.
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Xiao Jin
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 327005, China
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Agro-Tech Extension Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
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Elumalai L, Nagarajan S, Anbalmani S, Murthy S, Manikkam R, Ramasamy B. Bioactive compound from marine seagrass Streptomyces argenteolus TMA13: combatting fish pathogens with time-kill kinetics and live-dead cell imaging. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:2669-2681. [PMID: 39028533 PMCID: PMC11405562 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Actinobacteria, pervasive in aquatic and terrestrial environments, exhibit a filamentous morphology, possess DNA with a specific G + C content and production of numerous secondary metabolites. This study, focused on actinobacteria isolated from marine seagrass, investigating their antibacterial activity against fish pathogens. Among 28 isolates, Streptomyces argenteolus TMA13 displayed the maximum zone of inhibition against fish pathogens-Aeromonas hydrophila (10 mm), Aeromonas caviae (22 mm), Edwardsiella tarda (17 mm), Vibrio harveyi (22 mm) and Vibrio anguillarum (12 mm) using the agar plug method. Optimization of this potent strain involved with various factors, including pH, temperature, carbon source and salt condition to enhance both yield production and antibacterial efficacy. In anti-biofilm assay shows the maximum percentage of inhibition while increasing concentration of TMA13 extract. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays with TMA13 crude extract demonstrated potent activity against fish pathogens at remarkably low concentrations. Time-kill kinetics assay showcased growth curve variations over different time intervals for all fish pathogens treated with a 100 µg/ml concentration of crude extract, indicating a decline in cells viability and progression into the death phase. Additionally, fluorescence microscopic visualization of bacterial cells exposed to the extracts emitting green and red fluorescence, enabling live-dead cell differentiation was also studied. Further characterization of the crude extract through GC-MS and FT-IR analyses performed and identified secondary metabolites with functional groups exhibiting significant antibacterial activity. This study elucidates the capacity of Streptomyces argenteolus TMA13 to enhance the production of antibiotic compounds effective against fish pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Elumalai
- Actinobacterial Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siddharthan Nagarajan
- Actinobacterial Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivarajan Anbalmani
- Actinobacterial Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sangeetha Murthy
- Actinobacterial Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Manikkam
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balagurunathan Ramasamy
- Actinobacterial Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Nasr-Eldahan S, Attia Shreadah M, Maher AM, El-Sayed Ali T, Nabil-Adam A. New vaccination approach using formalin-killed Streptococcus pyogenes vaccine on the liver of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18341. [PMID: 39112606 PMCID: PMC11306627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Newly synthesized vaccines prepared from formalin-killed bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes were investigated in the current study to evaluate the effectiveness of the newly synthesized vaccine as well as their safety by injected intraperitoneal. The study involved several steps 1st step is the preparation of the vaccine followed by the 2nd step: Evaluate the effectiveness and vaccine safety against pathogenic S. pyogenes through 4 different groups including control (Group I). Group II (Bacterial, infected group), Group III (Vaccine), and the Last group was the challenged group after the vaccination (Vacc + Bac). Different Immunological and biochemical parameters were measured in addition to hematological and histopathological examinations. For example, oxidative/antioxidants, inflammatory biomarkers, fragmentation and cell damage, and finally the histopathological study. The current study showed an increase in all oxidative, inflammatory, and cell damage (DNA fragmentation assays), additionally markedly elevation in histopathological cell damage in the infected group (Group II) compared with the control group. The vaccine and challenged after vaccination group (vaccine + Bacteria), showed great improvement in oxidative biomarkers (LPO) and an increase in antioxidants biomarkers (GSH, SOD, GST, DPPH, ABTS, GR and GPx), Also the inflammation and histopathological examination. The newly synthesized vaccine improved the resistance of Oreochromis niloticus and can be used as a preventive therapy agent for pathogenic bacteria S. pyogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Nasr-Eldahan
- Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Attia Shreadah
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adham M Maher
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tamer El-Sayed Ali
- Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.
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Tammas I, Bitchava K, Gelasakis AI. Transforming Aquaculture through Vaccination: A Review on Recent Developments and Milestones. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:732. [PMID: 39066370 PMCID: PMC11281524 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture has rapidly emerged as one of the fastest growing industries, expanding both on global and on national fronts. With the ever-increasing demand for proteins with a high biological value, the aquaculture industry has established itself as one of the most efficient forms of animal production, proving to be a vital component of global food production by supplying nearly half of aquatic food products intended for human consumption. As in classic animal production, the prevention of diseases constitutes an enduring challenge associated with severe economic and environmental repercussions. Nevertheless, remarkable strides in the development of aquaculture vaccines have been recently witnessed, offering sustainable solutions to persistent health-related issues challenging resilient aquaculture production. These advancements are characterized by breakthroughs in increased species-specific precision, improved vaccine-delivery systems, and innovations in vaccine development, following the recent advent of nanotechnology, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence in the -omics era. The objective of this paper was to assess recent developments and milestones revolving around aquaculture vaccinology and provide an updated overview of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the sector, by incorporating and comparatively discussing various diffuse advances that span across a wide range of topics, including emerging vaccine technologies, innovative delivery methods, insights on novel adjuvants, and parasite vaccine development for the aquaculture sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosif Tammas
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Konstantina Bitchava
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrobiology, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios I. Gelasakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy & Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
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Wan Q, Zhai S, Chen M, Xu M, Guo S. Δfur mutant as a potential live attenuated vaccine (LAV) candidate protects American eels (Anguilla rostrata) from Vibrio harveyi infection. Microb Pathog 2024; 189:106591. [PMID: 38401591 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The eel farming industry is highly susceptible to Vibriosis. Although various types of vaccines against Vibriosis have been investigated, there is limited research on decreasing the virulence of Vibrions through gene knockout and utilizing it as live attenuated vaccines (LAV). In this study, we aim to develop a LAV candidate against Vibrio harveyi infection in American eels (Anguilla rostrata) using a ferric uptake regulator (fur) gene mutant strain of V. harveyi (Δfur mutant). After the eels were administrated with the Δfur mutant at the dose of 4 × 102 cfu/g body weight, the phagocytic activity of the leucocytes, plasma IgM antibody titers, activity of lysozyme and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzyme, and gene expression levels of 18 immune related proteins were detected to evaluate the protection effect of the LAV. Preliminary findings suggest that the LAV achieved over 60% relative percent survival (RPS) after the American eels were challenged by a wild-type strain of V. harveyi infection on 28 and 42 days post the immunization (dpi). The protection was mainly attributed to increased plasma IgM antibody titers, higher levels of lysozyme, enhanced activity of SOD and some regulated genes encoded immune related proteins. Together, the Δfur mutant strain of V. harveyi, as a novel LAV vaccine, demonstrates promising protective effects against V. harveyi infection in American eels, thus presenting a potential candidate vaccine for fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijuan Wan
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Shaowei Zhai
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Minxia Chen
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China
| | - Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College of Jimei University/Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PR China, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, China.
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Sharjeel M, Ali S, Summer M, Noor S, Nazakat L. Recent advancements of nanotechnology in fish aquaculture: an updated mechanistic insight from disease management, growth to toxicity. AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL 2024. [DOI: 10.1007/s10499-024-01473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
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Razali SA, Shamsir MS, Ishak NF, Low CF, Azemin WA. Riding the wave of innovation: immunoinformatics in fish disease control. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16419. [PMID: 38089909 PMCID: PMC10712311 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of infectious illnesses has been a significant factor restricting aquaculture production. To maximise aquatic animal health, vaccination tactics are very successful and cost-efficient for protecting fish and aquaculture animals against many disease pathogens. However, due to the increasing number of immunological cases and their complexity, it is impossible to manage, analyse, visualise, and interpret such data without the assistance of advanced computational techniques. Hence, the use of immunoinformatics tools is crucial, as they not only facilitate the management of massive amounts of data but also greatly contribute to the creation of fresh hypotheses regarding immune responses. In recent years, advances in biotechnology and immunoinformatics have opened up new research avenues for generating novel vaccines and enhancing existing vaccinations against outbreaks of infectious illnesses, thereby reducing aquaculture losses. This review focuses on understanding in silico epitope-based vaccine design, the creation of multi-epitope vaccines, the molecular interaction of immunogenic vaccines, and the application of immunoinformatics in fish disease based on the frequency of their application and reliable results. It is believed that it can bridge the gap between experimental and computational approaches and reduce the need for experimental research, so that only wet laboratory testing integrated with in silico techniques may yield highly promising results and be useful for the development of vaccines for fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Aisyah Razali
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Biological Security and Sustainability Research Interest Group (BIOSES), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shahir Shamsir
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Farahin Ishak
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Chen-Fei Low
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan-Atirah Azemin
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Okon EM, Okocha RC, Taiwo AB, Michael FB, Bolanle AM. Dynamics of co-infection in fish: A review of pathogen-host interaction and clinical outcome. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 4:100096. [PMID: 37250211 PMCID: PMC10213192 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-infections can affect the transmission of a pathogen within a population and the pathogen's virulence, ultimately affecting the disease's dynamics. In addition, co-infections can potentially affect the host's immunological responses, clinical outcomes, survival, and disease control efficacy. Co-infections significantly impact fish production and can change several fish diseases' progression and severity. However, the effect of co-infection has only recently garnered limited attention in aquatic animals such as fish, and there is currently a dearth of studies on this topic. This study, therefore, presents an in-depth summary of the dynamics of co-infection in fish. This study reviewed the co-infection of fish pathogens, the interaction of pathogens and fish, clinical outcomes and impacts on fish immune responses, and fish survival. Most studies described the prevalence of co-infections in fish, with various parameters influencing their outcomes. Bacterial co-infection increased fish mortality, ulcerative dermatitis, and intestinal haemorrhage. Viral co-infection resulted in osmoregulatory effects, increased mortality and cytopathic effect (CPE). More severe histological alterations and clinical symptoms were related to the co-infection of fish than in single-infected fish. In parasitic co-infection, there was increased mortality, high kidney swelling index, and severe necrotic alterations in the kidney, liver, and spleen. In other cases, there were more severe kidney lesions, cartilage destruction and displacement. There was a dearth of information on mitigating co-infections in fish. Therefore, further studies on the mitigation strategies of co-infections in fish will provide valuable insights into this research area. Also, more research on the immunology of co-infection specific to each fish pathogen class (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) is imperative. The findings from such studies would provide valuable information on the relationship between fish immune systems and targeted responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reuben Chukwuka Okocha
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Landmark University, P.M.B. 1001 Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Climate Action Research Group, Landmark University SDG 13, Nigeria
| | | | - Falana Babatunde Michael
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Landmark University, P.M.B. 1001 Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Life Below Water Research Group, Landmark University SDG 14, Nigeria
| | - Adeniran Moji Bolanle
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Landmark University, P.M.B. 1001 Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
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11
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Cao J, Futami K, Maita M, Nakanishi T, Katagiri T. Adjuvant effect of allogeneic blood in vaccines against edwardsiellosis in ginbuna crucian carp Carassius auratus langsdorfii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109133. [PMID: 37923185 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda), an intracellular pathogen, has caused severe economic losses in aquaculture. Effective vaccine development for E. tarda prevention is urgently needed. A previous study indicates that cell-mediated immunity (CMI) might play an important role in E. tarda infection. We believe that the involvement of allograft rejection and CMI has now been well documented in mammals and some fishes. However, there is still little research on the application of blood allograft rejection in vaccine development. In the current study, we investigate the immune response and vaccine effect in fish vaccinated with allogeneic blood + formalin-killed cells vaccine (FKC), allogeneic blood + phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), PBS + FKC and PBS + PBS. In the challenge test, the relative percentage survival (RPS) of the allogeneic + FKC, the allogeneic blood + PBS and the PBS + FKC group was 61.46, 35.41, and 30.63 % respectively. The up-regulated expression of Th1-related genes IFN-γ 1, IFN-γ 1rel2, IL-12p35 and T-bet suggests the protection is via CMI induction. Only in the allogeneic + FKC group, gene expression of IFN-γ 1, IL-12p35 and T-bet is significantly higher, indicating synergy between the two substances. Furthermore, among the fish injected with the allogeneic blood cells, syngeneic blood cells and PBS group, only in the fish of the allogenic blood cells injection group, did expression of IFN-γ 1, IFN-γ 2 and IFN-γ rel2 gene expression significantly increased. The results indicate that the rejection was induced by allogeneic components. Thus, our findings might provide essential information and insights into vaccine development in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cao
- Laboratory of Fish Health Management, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Futami
- Laboratory of Fish Health Management, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Masashi Maita
- Laboratory of Fish Health Management, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nakanishi
- Goto Aquaculture Institute Co., Ltd, Sayama City, Saitama, 350-1332, Japan
| | - Takayuki Katagiri
- Laboratory of Fish Health Management, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan.
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12
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Yao Y, Zhang Z, Yang Z. The combination of vaccines and adjuvants to prevent the occurrence of high incidence of infectious diseases in bovine. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1243835. [PMID: 37885619 PMCID: PMC10598632 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1243835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global population grows, the demand for beef and dairy products is also increasing. The cattle industry is facing tremendous pressures and challenges. The expanding cattle industry has led to an increased risk of disease in cattle. These diseases not only cause economic losses but also pose threats to public health and safety. Hence, ensuring the health of cattle is crucial. Vaccination is one of the most economical and effective methods of preventing bovine infectious diseases. However, there are fewer comprehensive reviews of bovine vaccines available. In addition, the variable nature of bovine infectious diseases will result in weakened or even ineffective immune protection from existing vaccines. This shows that it is crucial to improve overall awareness of bovine vaccines. Adjuvants, which are crucial constituents of vaccines, have a significant role in enhancing vaccine response. This review aims to present the latest advances in bovine vaccines mainly including types of bovine vaccines, current status of development of commonly used vaccines, and vaccine adjuvants. In addition, this review highlights the main challenges and outstanding problems of bovine vaccines and adjuvants in the field of research and applications. This review provides a theoretical and practical basis for the eradication of global bovine infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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13
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Hegde A, Kabra S, Basawa RM, Khile DA, Abbu RUF, Thomas NA, Manickam NB, Raval R. Bacterial diseases in marine fish species: current trends and future prospects in disease management. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:317. [PMID: 37743401 PMCID: PMC10518295 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The fisheries sub-sector of aquaculture-i.e., the pisciculture industry, contributes significantly to a country's economy, employing a sizable proportion of the population. It also makes important contributions to household food security because the current demand for animal protein cannot be fulfilled by harvesting wild fish from riverines, lakes, dams, and oceans. For good pond management techniques and sustaining fish health, the fisherfolk, and the industry require well-established regulatory structures, efficient disease management strategies, and other extended services. In rearing marine fish, infections resulting from disease outbreaks are a weighty concern because they can cause considerable economic loss due to morbidity and mortality. Consequently, to find effective solutions for the prevention and control of the major diseases limiting fish production in aquaculture, multidisciplinary studies on the traits of potential fish pathogens, the biology of the fish as hosts, and an adequate understanding of the global environmental factors are fundamental. This review highlights the various bacterial diseases and their causative pathogens prevalent in the pisciculture industry and the current solutions while emphasising marine fish species. Given that preexisting methods are known to have several disadvantages, other sustainable alternatives like antimicrobial peptides, synthetic peptides, probiotics, and medicinal treatments have emerged to be an enormous potential solution to these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avani Hegde
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Suhani Kabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Renuka Manjunath Basawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Dnyanada Anil Khile
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rahil Ummar Faruk Abbu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Naomi Ann Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nava Bharati Manickam
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ritu Raval
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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14
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Strem R, Meiri-Ashkenazi I, Segal N, Ehrlich R, Shashar N, Sharon G. Evaluation of Flathead Grey Mullets ( Mugil cephalus) Immunization and Long-Term Protection against Vibrio harveyi Infection Using Three Different Vaccine Preparations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8277. [PMID: 37175982 PMCID: PMC10179253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, flathead grey mullets (Mugil cephalus) cultured in Eilat (Israel) have been highly affected by Vibrio harveyi, showing neurological signs such as uncoordinated circular swimming followed by high mortality rates. Despite the advances in and different approaches to control vibriosis associated with Vibrio harveyi, including commercial vaccines, most of them have not succeeded in long-term protection. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness, long-term protection, and antibody production of three vaccine preparations: heat-killed bacteria (HKB), membrane proteins denaturation (BME PROT), and internal proteins (INT PROT) developed specifically against Vibrio harveyi for grey mullets. Our results show that fish immunized with heat-killed bacteria emulsified with adjuvant presented the most effective and long-lasting protection against the bacterium, and a cross-protection against other bacteria from the harveyi clade. The effectiveness of each immunization treatment correlated with the levels of specific antibody production against Vibrio harveyi in the serum of the immunized fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Strem
- Department of Life Sciences, Eilat Campus, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat 8855630, Israel; (R.S.); (N.S.)
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd.—National Center for Mariculture, Eilat 8811201, Israel; (I.M.-A.); (N.S.); (R.E.)
| | - Iris Meiri-Ashkenazi
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd.—National Center for Mariculture, Eilat 8811201, Israel; (I.M.-A.); (N.S.); (R.E.)
| | - Na’ama Segal
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd.—National Center for Mariculture, Eilat 8811201, Israel; (I.M.-A.); (N.S.); (R.E.)
| | - Roberto Ehrlich
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd.—National Center for Mariculture, Eilat 8811201, Israel; (I.M.-A.); (N.S.); (R.E.)
| | - Nadav Shashar
- Department of Life Sciences, Eilat Campus, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat 8855630, Israel; (R.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Galit Sharon
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research Ltd.—National Center for Mariculture, Eilat 8811201, Israel; (I.M.-A.); (N.S.); (R.E.)
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15
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Da F, Wan X, Lin G, Jian J, Cai S. Characterization of fliR-deletion mutant Δ fliR from Vibrio alginolyticus and the evaluation as a live attenuated vaccine. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1162299. [PMID: 37180437 PMCID: PMC10166871 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1162299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is the common pathogen affecting various species of marine organisms. It has been demonstrated that fliR is a necessary virulence factor to adhere and infect their hosts for pathogenic bacteria. Frequent disease outbreaks in aquaculture have highlighted the necessity of developing effective vaccines. In the present study, in order to investigate the function of fliR in V.alginolyticus, the fliR deletion mutant ΔfliR was constructed and its biological properties were evaluated, additionally, the differences in gene expression levels between wild-type and ΔfliR were analyzed by transcriptomics. Finally, ΔfliR was used as a live attenuated vaccine to immunize grouper via the intraperitoneal route to evaluate its protective effect. Results show that fliR gene of V. alginolyticus was identified as being 783 bp in length, encoding 260 amino acids, and showing significant similarity to homologs of other Vibrio species. The fliR-deletion mutant ΔfliR of V. alginolyticus was successfully constructed, and its biological phenotype analysis showed no significant differences in growth capacity and extracellular enzyme activity compared to the wild-type. However, a substantial reduction of motility ability was detected in ΔfliR. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the absence of fliR gene is responsible for a significantly decreased expression of flagellar genes, including flaA, flaB, fliS, flhB and fliM. The fliR-deletion mainly affects the related pathways involved in cell motility, membrane transport, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in V. alginolyticus. The efficacy of ΔfliR as a candidate of live attenuated vaccine were evaluated by intraperitoneal injection in grouper. The ΔfliR provided the RPS (Relative protection rate) of 67.2% against V. alginolyticus in groupers. The ΔfliR efficiently stimulated antibody production with specific IgM still detected at 42 d post-vaccination, and significantly elevated the activity of antioxidant enzymes like Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum. The higher expression levels of immune-related genes were observed in the immune tissues of inoculated grouper compared to the control. In conclusion, ΔfliR effectively improved the immunity of inoculated fish. The results suggest that ΔfliR is an effective live attenuated vaccine against vibriosis in in grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shuanghu Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, China
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16
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Robinson NA, Robledo D, Sveen L, Daniels RR, Krasnov A, Coates A, Jin YH, Barrett LT, Lillehammer M, Kettunen AH, Phillips BL, Dempster T, Doeschl‐Wilson A, Samsing F, Difford G, Salisbury S, Gjerde B, Haugen J, Burgerhout E, Dagnachew BS, Kurian D, Fast MD, Rye M, Salazar M, Bron JE, Monaghan SJ, Jacq C, Birkett M, Browman HI, Skiftesvik AB, Fields DM, Selander E, Bui S, Sonesson A, Skugor S, Østbye TK, Houston RD. Applying genetic technologies to combat infectious diseases in aquaculture. REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE 2023; 15:491-535. [PMID: 38504717 PMCID: PMC10946606 DOI: 10.1111/raq.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Disease and parasitism cause major welfare, environmental and economic concerns for global aquaculture. In this review, we examine the status and potential of technologies that exploit genetic variation in host resistance to tackle this problem. We argue that there is an urgent need to improve understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved, leading to the development of tools that can be applied to boost host resistance and reduce the disease burden. We draw on two pressing global disease problems as case studies-sea lice infestations in salmonids and white spot syndrome in shrimp. We review how the latest genetic technologies can be capitalised upon to determine the mechanisms underlying inter- and intra-species variation in pathogen/parasite resistance, and how the derived knowledge could be applied to boost disease resistance using selective breeding, gene editing and/or with targeted feed treatments and vaccines. Gene editing brings novel opportunities, but also implementation and dissemination challenges, and necessitates new protocols to integrate the technology into aquaculture breeding programmes. There is also an ongoing need to minimise risks of disease agents evolving to overcome genetic improvements to host resistance, and insights from epidemiological and evolutionary models of pathogen infestation in wild and cultured host populations are explored. Ethical issues around the different approaches for achieving genetic resistance are discussed. Application of genetic technologies and approaches has potential to improve fundamental knowledge of mechanisms affecting genetic resistance and provide effective pathways for implementation that could lead to more resistant aquaculture stocks, transforming global aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Robinson
- Nofima ASTromsøNorway
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Diego Robledo
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Rose Ruiz Daniels
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Andrew Coates
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ye Hwa Jin
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Luke T. Barrett
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research StationMatredalNorway
| | | | | | - Ben L. Phillips
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tim Dempster
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory—Temperate and Tropical (SALTT)School of BioSciences, The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Andrea Doeschl‐Wilson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Francisca Samsing
- Sydney School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of SydneyCamdenAustralia
| | | | - Sarah Salisbury
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Dominic Kurian
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary StudiesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Mark D. Fast
- Atlantic Veterinary CollegeThe University of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPrince Edward IslandCanada
| | | | | | - James E. Bron
- Institute of AquacultureUniversity of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Sean J. Monaghan
- Institute of AquacultureUniversity of StirlingStirlingScotlandUK
| | - Celeste Jacq
- Blue Analytics, Kong Christian Frederiks Plass 3BergenNorway
| | | | - Howard I. Browman
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Ecosystem Acoustics GroupTromsøNorway
| | - Anne Berit Skiftesvik
- Institute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Ecosystem Acoustics GroupTromsøNorway
| | | | - Erik Selander
- Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Samantha Bui
- Institute of Marine Research, Matre Research StationMatredalNorway
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Irshath AA, Rajan AP, Vimal S, Prabhakaran VS, Ganesan R. Bacterial Pathogenesis in Various Fish Diseases: Recent Advances and Specific Challenges in Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020470. [PMID: 36851346 PMCID: PMC9968037 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture is a fast-growing food sector but is plagued by a plethora of bacterial pathogens that infect fish. The rearing of fish at high population densities in aquaculture facilities makes them highly susceptible to disease outbreaks, which can cause significant economic loss. Thus, immunity development in fish through vaccination against various pathogens of economically important aquaculture species has been extensively studied and has been largely accepted as a reliable method for preventing infections. Vaccination studies in aquaculture systems are strategically associated with the economically and environmentally sustainable management of aquaculture production worldwide. Historically, most licensed fish vaccines have been developed as inactivated pathogens combined with adjuvants and provided via immersion or injection. In comparison, live vaccines can simulate a whole pathogenic illness and elicit a strong immune response, making them better suited for oral or immersion-based therapy methods to control diseases. Advanced approaches in vaccine development involve targeting specific pathogenic components, including the use of recombinant genes and proteins. Vaccines produced using these techniques, some of which are currently commercially available, appear to elicit and promote higher levels of immunity than conventional fish vaccines. These technological advancements are promising for developing sustainable production processes for commercially important aquatic species. In this review, we explore the multitude of studies on fish bacterial pathogens undertaken in the last decade as well as the recent advances in vaccine development for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadil Ahmed Irshath
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Prem Rajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (A.P.R.); (R.G.)
| | - Sugumar Vimal
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 600 077, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vasantha-Srinivasan Prabhakaran
- Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (A.P.R.); (R.G.)
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18
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Mahmud ML, Islam S, Biswas S, Mortuza MG, Paul GK, Uddin MS, Akhtar-E-Ekram M, Saleh MA, Zaman S, Syed A, Elgorban AM, Zaghloul NSS. Klebsiella pneumoniae Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Protect Artemia salina from Fish Pathogen Aeromonas sp.: A Combined In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Approach. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010172. [PMID: 36677466 PMCID: PMC9862385 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an alarming threat all over the world, and the biofilm formation efficacy of bacteria is making the situation worse. The antagonistic efficacy of Klebsiella pneumoniae against one of the known fish pathogens, Aeromonas sp., is examined in this study. Moreover, Aeromonas sp.'s biofilm formation ability and in vivo pathogenicity on Artemia salina are also justified here. Firstly, six selected bacterial strains were used to obtain antimicrobial compounds against this pathogenic strain. Among those, Klebsiella pneumoniae, another pathogenic bacterium, surprisingly demonstrated remarkable antagonistic activity against Aeromonas sp. in both in vitro and in vivo assays. The biofilm distrusting potentiality of Klebsiella pneumoniae's cell-free supernatants (CFSs) was likewise found to be around 56%. Furthermore, the volatile compounds of Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified by GC-MS in order to explore compounds with antibacterial efficacy against Aeromonas sp. through an in silico study, where 5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (MTAN) (PDB: 5B7P) was chosen as a target protein for its unique characteristics and pathogenicity. Several volatile compounds, such as oxime- methoxy-phenyl-, fluoren-9-ol, 3,6-dimethoxy-9-(2-phenylethynyl)-, and 2H-indol-2-one, 1,3-dihydro- showed a strong binding affinity, with free energy of -6.7, -7.1, and -6.4 Kcal/mol, respectively, in complexes with the protein MTAN. Moreover, the root-mean-square deviation, solvent-accessible surface area, radius of gyration, root-mean-square fluctuations, and hydrogen bonds were used to ensure the binding stability of the docked complexes in the atomistic simulation. Thus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and its potential compounds can be employed as an alternative to antibiotics for aquaculture, demonstrating their effectiveness in suppressing Aeromonas sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Liton Mahmud
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Shirmin Islam
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Suvro Biswas
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Golam Mortuza
- Department of Science and Humanities, Bangladesh Army International University of Science and Technology, Cumilla 3500, Bangladesh
| | - Gobindo Kumar Paul
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Bangladesh Reference Institute for Chemical Measurements (BRICM), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Salah Uddin
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Akhtar-E-Ekram
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Saleh
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shahriar Zaman
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf S. S. Zaghloul
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1FD, UK
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19
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Oliveira TF, Quieróz GA, Leibowitz MP, Gomes Leal CA. Development of an inactivated whole cell vaccine through immersion for immunoprophylaxis of Francisella orientalis infections in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fingerlings and juveniles. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:405-411. [PMID: 35772679 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Francisella orientalis infections, known as francisellosis, are one of the most important diseases affecting the production of Nile tilapia, causing high mortality rates in the most susceptible fish stages: fingerlings and juveniles. Antibiotic therapy is the method of choice for treating the disease, as there are no commercially available vaccines. In this study, we developed an inactivated whole-cell vaccine using an isolate of F. orientalis in combination with the aqueous adjuvant Montanide IMS 1312 VG, which was administered to Nile tilapia through immersion. Two immunization trials (1 and 2) were conducted with fish at the fingerling and juvenile stages. For each trial, five different experimental groups were established: a complete vaccine (bacterin in combination with aqueous adjuvant), bacterin, aqueous adjuvant, and positive and negative controls. Thirty days after vaccination, an experimental challenge was performed through intraperitoneal injection of the same F. orientalis isolate. As a result, the vaccinated fingerlings were the only group in which mortality and progression of clinical signs of francisellosis were statistically significantly reduced, although relative percentage of survival (RPS) was low at 50%. In the juvenile group, RPS was higher at 63%, but not statistically significant. Nevertheless, an RPS of only 50% is acceptable for using vaccines in the field. The bacterin and adjuvant treatments alone were not effective, showing an RPS of 37% and 0%, respectively. Post-vaccination mortality was observed in the group exposed only to the adjuvant, which may indicate excessive immune stimulation at this stage. Interestingly, the immune response elicited by the vaccine was unable to eliminate the pathogen from the host; therefore, the surviving animals became carriers. Although the immune response elicited by the vaccine was unable to eliminate the pathogen from the host, this vaccine formulation could be a viable alternative for use in the field and serve as another means of controlling the mortality caused by the pathogen. Our study provides the first report of vaccination, using immersion, against francisellosis at the most susceptible stages of farmed Nile tilapia. Future studies should address the efficiency of immersion vaccines under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís F Oliveira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A Quieróz
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcia P Leibowitz
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Gomes Leal
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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20
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Marine fungal metabolites as a source of drug leads against aquatic pathogens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3337-3350. [PMID: 35486178 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic pathogens, including Vibrio, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas, and Aeromonas, which could result in bacterial diseases to aquaculture, have seriously threatened the world aquaculture production. Marine-derived fungi, which could produce novel secondary metabolites with significant antibacterial activity, may be an important source for finding effective agents against aquatic pathogens. In this review, a systematically overview of the harm of several aquatic pathogens, and 134 antibacterial secondary metabolites against aquatic pathogens from 13 genera of marine-derived fungi, were summarized and concluded. The aim of this review is to find out the relationships between activity and structural type, between bioactive compounds and their hosts, and so on. Altogether, 95 references published during 1997-2021 were cited. KEY POINTS: •Aquatic pathogens, which could result in bacterial diseases to aquaculture, were described. •Marine fungal metabolites with activities against aquatic pathogens were summarized. •The distributions of these bioactive marine fungal metabolites were analyzed.
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21
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Huo X, Wang Z, Xiao X, Yang C, Su J. Oral Administration of Nanopeptide CMCS-20H Conspicuously Boosts Immunity and Precautionary Effect Against Bacterial Infection in Fish. Front Immunol 2022; 12:811616. [PMID: 35087530 PMCID: PMC8786714 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.811616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive mortalities caused by bacterial infections in intensive aquaculture result in serious economic losses. In this study, a novel antimicrobial peptide gcIFN-20H was efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris (GS115) and loaded on carboxylmethyl chitosan (CMCS) to prepare CMCS-20H nanoparticles. Through physical characterization assays (TEM, DLS, BCA, and Raman) and biological activity tests (antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity), CMCS-20H nanopeptide was verified to be spherical nanoparticles with sustained release, antimicrobial activity, and negligible toxicity. CMCS-20H nanoparticles are more resistant to intestinal degradation than unloaded gcIFN-20H by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Oral administration was then carried out for 42 days. Complement C3 content, lysozyme, and total superoxide dismutase activities are highest in CMCS-20H group by serum biochemistry index assays. After challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila, the survival rate in CMCS-20H group is highest (46%), which is 64% higher than the control group (28%). Meanwhile, the tissue bacterial loads (intestine, spleen, head kidney, trunk kidney, hepatopancreas, muscle, and blood) in the CMCS-20H group are significantly lower than other groups. By PAS staining analysis, the number of intestinal villi goblet cells and the thickness of mucin in the CMCS-20H group obviously increased. CMCS-20H effectively enhances mRNA expressions of some important immune genes (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-2, IFN-γ2, and IgM). The minimal tissue lesions (Intestine, spleen, and trunk kidney) were seen in the CMCS-20H group by histopathological examination. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that oral CMCS-20H maintains the intestinal microbiome homeostasis in bacterial infection. The results indicate that the novel nanopeptide CMCS-20H as the immunopotentiator can remarkably boost fish immunity and precautionary effect by oral administration and address the theoretical mechanisms and insights into the promising application prospect in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Huo
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhensheng Wang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Xiao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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22
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Heckman TI, Shahin K, Henderson EE, Griffin MJ, Soto E. Development and efficacy of Streptococcus iniae live-attenuated vaccines in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 121:152-162. [PMID: 34965443 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus iniae is a re-emerging bacterial pathogen in freshwater and marine aquaculture worldwide. There are no commercial vaccines available for S. iniae in the United States, and autogenous vaccines are restricted to inactivated whole-cell preparations with limited protection against heterogenous strains. Live-attenuated vaccines (LAV) represent an advantageous alternative to these bacterins, as they induce robust cellular and humoral immunity, and may provide longer lasting protection through less stressful routes of administration. We investigated whether accumulation of mutations in S. iniae by serial passage in the presence of rifampin can generate immunogenic LAV conferring protection against challenge with heterologous wild-type (WT) S. iniae strains in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three lineages of rifampin-resistant S. iniae strains were generated from three genetically distinct parent strains (n = 9) by multiple passages in increments of Rifamycin SV sodium salt. Growth in liquid media, extent of capsulation, antimicrobial susceptibility, survival in Nile tilapia whole blood, and cytotoxicity in an O. mossambicus endothelial cell line were compared between the passaged and WT strains. Nile tilapia challenges were used to assess strain virulence, generation of anti-S. iniae IgM, and the protection conferred by LAV candidates against virulent S. iniae. Rifampin-resistant strains demonstrated changes in growth rate and cytotoxicity in endothelial cells, as well as significant reductions in whole blood survival (p < 0.05). Selected strains also showed attenuated virulence in the Nile tilapia challenge model, and anti-S. iniae IgM generated against these strains demonstrated cross-reactivity against heterologous bacteria. Immunization by intracoelomic injection induced protection against a virulent WT strain of S. iniae, with relative percent survival up to 95.05%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor I Heckman
- Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Khalid Shahin
- Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Aquatic Animals Diseases Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, P.O. Box 43511, Suez, Egypt
| | - Eileen E Henderson
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Lab, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 92408, USA
| | - Matt J Griffin
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Esteban Soto
- Department of Medicine & Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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23
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Yang J, Yang XL, Su YB, Peng XX, Li H. Activation of the TCA Cycle to Provide Immune Protection in Zebrafish Immunized by High Magnesium-Prepared Vibrio alginolyticus Vaccine. Front Immunol 2021; 12:739591. [PMID: 34950133 PMCID: PMC8688852 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.739591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are safe and efficient in controlling bacterial diseases in the aquaculture industry and are in line with green farming. The present study develops a previously unreported approach to prepare a live-attenuated V. alginolyticus vaccine by culturing bacteria in a high concentration of magnesium to attenuate bacterial virulence. Furthermore, metabolomes of zebrafish immunized with the live-attenuated vaccines were compared with those of survival and dying zebrafish infected by V. alginolyticus. The enhanced TCA cycle and increased fumarate were identified as the most key metabolic pathways and the crucial biomarker of vaccine-mediated and survival fish, respectively. Exogenous fumarate promoted expression of il1β, il8, il21, nf-κb, and lysozyme in a dose-dependent manner. Among the five innate immune genes, the elevated il1β, il8, and lysozyme are overlapped in the vaccine-immunized zebrafish and the survival from the infection. These findings highlight a way in development of vaccines and exploration of the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Bin Su
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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24
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Natnan ME, Mayalvanan Y, Jazamuddin FM, Aizat WM, Low CF, Goh HH, Azizan KA, Bunawan H, Baharum SN. Omics Strategies in Current Advancements of Infectious Fish Disease Management. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1086. [PMID: 34827079 PMCID: PMC8614662 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aquaculture is an important industry globally as it remains one of the significant alternatives of animal protein source supplies for humankind. Yet, the progression of this industry is being dampened by the increasing rate of fish mortality, mainly the outbreak of infectious diseases. Consequently, the regress in aquaculture ultimately results in the economy of multiple countries being affected due to the decline of product yields and marketability. By 2025, aquaculture is expected to contribute approximately 57% of fish consumption worldwide. Without a strategic approach to curb infectious diseases, the increasing demands of the aquaculture industry may not be sustainable and hence contributing to the over-fishing of wild fish. Recently, a new holistic approach that utilizes multi-omics platforms including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics is unraveling the intricate molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction. This approach aims to provide a better understanding of how to improve the resistance of host species. However, no comprehensive review has been published on multi-omics strategies in deciphering fish disease etiology and molecular regulation. Most publications have only covered particular omics and no constructive reviews on various omics findings across fish species, particularly on their immune systems, have been described elsewhere. Our previous publication reviewed the integration of omics application for understanding the mechanism of fish immune response due to microbial infection. Hence, this review provides a thorough compilation of current advancements in omics strategies for fish disease management in the aquaculture industry. The discovery of biomarkers in various fish diseases and their potential advancement to complement the recent progress in combatting fish disease is also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.E.N.); (Y.M.); (F.M.J.); (W.M.A.); (C.-F.L.); (H.-H.G.); (K.A.A.); (H.B.)
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25
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Anjur N, Sabran SF, Daud HM, Othman NZ. An update on the ornamental fish industry in Malaysia: Aeromonas hydrophila-associated disease and its treatment control. Vet World 2021; 14:1143-1152. [PMID: 34220115 PMCID: PMC8243671 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1143-1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaysia is the world’s major producer and exporter of ornamental fish, contributing 9% to the global trade and taking the second position after Singapore. Because of their artistic appeal and tremendous commercial value for international trade, ornamental fish recently gain rapid importance for foreign exchange and as a source of employment. While ornamental fish production is growing, there is an increase in infectious diseases, resulting in high fish mortality with significant economic loss. Bacterial disease is a serious problem for ornamental fish industry. Bacterial species surveillance in diseased freshwater ornamental fish from an aquarium shop reveals that Aeromonas hydrophila is the most dominant bacteria isolated. Consequently, Malaysia is stepping up its efforts by implementing the Economic Transformation Program and other biosecurity steps to address the aquaculture issues and encourage the regrowth of the ornamental fish market. Chemotherapeutic medications, phytobiotics, probiotics, yeast extracts, vaccines, and disinfectants can be used in controlling bacteria. Further studies should be done to find new antibacterial agents from natural sources to combat bacterial fish diseases and reduce fish mortality rate in sustainable aquaculture farms. This review summarizes the literature on ornamental fish industries and aquaculture production in relation to A. hydrophila-associated diseases and ornamental fish health management in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norashikin Anjur
- Department of Technology and Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.,Department of Agrotechnology and Bio-industry, Politeknik Sandakan, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fatimah Sabran
- Department of Technology and Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia.,Centre of Research for Sustainable Uses of Natural Resources, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Mohd Daud
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Zalina Othman
- Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced BioProcess, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
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26
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Sabo-Attwood T, Apul OG, Bisesi JH, Kane AS, Saleh NB. Nano-scale applications in aquaculture: Opportunities for improved production and disease control. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:359-370. [PMID: 33559228 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is the fastest growing food-production sector and is vital to food security, habitat restoration and endangered species conservation. One of the continued challenges to the industry is our ability to manage aquatic disease agents that can rapidly decimate operations and are a constant threat to sustainability. Such threats also evolve as microbes acquire resistance and/or new pathogens emerge. The advent of nanotechnology has transformed our approach to fisheries disease management with advances in water disinfection, food conversion, fish health and management systems. In this review, several nano-enabled technology successes will be discussed as they relate to the challenges associated with disease management in the aquaculture sector, with a particular focus on fishes. Future perspectives on how nanotechnology can offer functional approaches for improving disinfection and innovating at the practical space of early warning systems will be discussed. Finally, the importance of "safety by design" approaches to the development of novel commercial nano-enabled products will be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Onur G Apul
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Joseph H Bisesi
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew S Kane
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Navid B Saleh
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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27
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Nasr-Eldahan S, Nabil-Adam A, Shreadah MA, Maher AM, El-Sayed Ali T. A review article on nanotechnology in aquaculture sustainability as a novel tool in fish disease control. AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL : JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN AQUACULTURE SOCIETY 2021; 29:1459-1480. [PMID: 33688117 PMCID: PMC7933385 DOI: 10.1007/s10499-021-00677-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, aquaculture has played a significant role in fulfilling the vast demand for animal protein requirements and consequently in food security. However, environmental contamination and disease prevalence are considered essential challenges for the sector. In this regard, new approaches have been paved in technology to deal effectively with such challenges. Among these, nanotechnology-as a novel and innovative tool-has a broad spectrum of uses and a tremendous potential in aquaculture and seafood preservation. It can provide new technologies for management of drugs as liberation of vaccines and therefore hold the assurance for civilized protection of farmed fish against disease-causing pathogens. This article presents a review of nanotechnology and its applications in aquaculture. Additionally, it gives a brief idea about the fish disease and classical ways of controlling pathogens. On the other hand, this review sheds the light on nanotechnology as a potential novel tool which may possibly enhance the management and the control of disease prevalence. Therefore, the importance of this technology to promote sustainable aquaculture has also been highlighted. Focusing on the role of selenium nanoparticles as an efficient element is discussed also in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Nasr-Eldahan
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Adham M. Maher
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tamer El-Sayed Ali
- Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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28
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Marcoux PÉ, Vincent AT, Massicotte MA, Paquet VE, Doucet ÉJ, Hosseini N, Trudel MV, Byatt G, Laurent M, Frenette M, Charette SJ. Systematic Analysis of the Stress-Induced Genomic Instability of Type Three Secretion System in Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. Microorganisms 2020; 9:microorganisms9010085. [PMID: 33396556 PMCID: PMC7823893 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The type three secretion system (TTSS) locus of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, located on the plasmid pAsa5, is known to be lost when the bacterium is grown at temperatures of 25 °C. The loss of the locus is due to the recombination of the insertion sequences flanking the TTSS region. However, the mechanism involved in this recombination is still elusive. Here, we analyzed 22 A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida strains that had already lost their TTSS locus, and we systematically explored another 47 strains for their susceptibility to lose the same locus when grown at 25 °C. It appeared that strains from Europe were more prone to lose their TTSS locus compared to Canadian strains. More specifically, it was not possible to induce TTSS loss in Canadian strains that have AsaGEI2a, a genomic island, and prophage 3, or in Canadian strains without a genomic island. A comparative genomic approach revealed an almost perfect correlation between the presence of a cluster of genes, not yet characterized, and the susceptibility of various groups of strains to lose their locus. This cluster of genes encodes putative proteins with DNA binding capacity and phage proteins. This discovery creates new opportunities in the study of pAsa5 thermosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Étienne Marcoux
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Antony T. Vincent
- Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de L’agriculture et de L’alimentation, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Marie-Ange Massicotte
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Valérie E. Paquet
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Émilie J. Doucet
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Nava Hosseini
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Mélanie V. Trudel
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Gabriel Byatt
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Mathilde Laurent
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Michel Frenette
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Steve J. Charette
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (P.-É.M.); (M.-A.M.); (V.E.P.); (É.J.D.); (N.H.); (M.V.T.); (G.B.); (M.L.)
- Hôpital Laval, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-Informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +418-656-2131 (ext. 406914)
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Ji S, Gong Q, Zhang W, Zheng J, Peng B, Yang M. Recombinant Vibrio parahaemolyticus ghosts protect zebrafish against infection by Vibrio species. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:64-72. [PMID: 33038509 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic animals are frequently threated by bacterial pathogens. The most economic and efficient protection against bacterial infection are through vaccine immunization. The various serotypes of the pathogens, such as Vibrios, hurdle the development of the vaccines, especially polyvalent vaccines. Here, we demonstrate that recombinant bacterial ghost is a good candidate for multivalent vaccine. By expressing PhiX174 gene E alone or co-expressing the gene E with two genes encoding outer membrane proteins (VP1667 and VP2369) in V. parahaemolyticus, we generated the recombinant V. parahaemolyticus ghosts VPG and rVPGs respectively. Fish immunized with either VPG or rVPG showed increased survival against the infection by either V. parahaemolyticus or V. alginolyticus, with a better protective effect by immunization with rVPG. Our furthermore studies show that rVPG stimulates stronger innate immune responses by increasing the expression of tnfα, il1β, il6, il8 and il10 as well as that of c3b, lyz, and tlr5, the key players linking the innate and adaptive immune responses upon microbial stimulation. In summary, VPG and rVPG can protect zebrafish against the infection from at least two Vibrio species, suggesting its potential value for further aquaculture vaccines development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengle Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Qiyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Menghua Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Yin K, Ma J, Jin P, Sun X, Liu X, Wang Q. Characterization of a novel live attenuated Edwardsiella piscicida vaccine based on the overexpressed type III secretion system and systematic deletion of the associated effectors. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:536-545. [PMID: 32763422 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Edwardsiella piscicida causes edwardsiellosis in a variety of fish species and leads to tremendous economic losses in the global aquaculture industries. Thus, effective and safe prevention and control of this bacterium are urgently needed to combat the related infections. Live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) effectively prevent infectious diseases. However, most of the existing E. piscicida LAVs are based on the deletion of genes encoding the translocon components of the type III secretion system (T3SS), the core virulence system, which is the most prominent protective bacterial antigen with the strongest immunogenicity. In this study, we systematically deleted all of the 9 established T3SS effectors in E. piscicida (aka 9Δ) and the rpoS gene encoding the alternative sigma factor, the esrB repressor (10Δ), then we overexpressed esrB and T3SS in E. piscicida to obtain the recombinant strain 10Δ/esrBOE. The modified strains 10Δ and 10Δ/esrBOE exhibited severe attenuation and in vivo colonization defects. Additionally, vaccination by intraperitoneal injection with 10Δ and 10Δ/esrBOE could significantly upregulate the expression of the antigen recognition related gene (TLR5) and the adaptive immune response-related gene (MHC II) in the spleen/kidney of turbot fish, and it also enhanced the hosts' serum bactericidal capacity. Finally, vaccination with 10Δ/esrBOE led to increased immune protection against the challenge of wild type E. piscicida EIB202 in turbot fish. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that 10Δ/esrBOE was a novel LAV strain and therefore a potential novel strategy for the construction of LAVs against bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jiabao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Peng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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