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Atiba FA, Popoola OA, Odukogbe AA, Ihunwo AO. Prevalence and consumption pattern of kolanut among pregnant women in Ibadan metropolis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14422. [PMID: 37660226 PMCID: PMC10475128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Kolanut contains caffeine and it is widely consumed in various social contexts in Nigeria and other Sub-Saharan African countries. While some studies have suggested that kolanut is consumed by pregnant women, there is a dearth of information on the prevalence, consumption pattern and reasons for kolanut consumption among this group. This study investigated kolanut use among pregnant women in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study involving 478 consenting pregnant women in all trimesters of pregnancy was conducted. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Associations between kolanut use and respondent characteristics were investigated using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. The mean age of the women was 28.7 ± 6.3 years. One hundred and sixty-two (33.9%) of women reported kolanut use during pregnancy, 140 (29.3%) in the current pregnancy. Fifty-five (39.3%) pregnant women reported frequent use and 46 (32.9%) used it in high quantities. Significant associations were found between current kolanut use and Hausa respondents (p = 0.014), educational level; secondary (p = 0.032), tertiary (p = 0.006), TBA (p = 0.005). The majority (93.7%) used kolanut to prevent spitting, nausea, and vomiting. This study showed that kolanut use is quite common among pregnant women and frequently used in large quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Atiba
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - O A Popoola
- Departrment of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - A A Odukogbe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - A O Ihunwo
- School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Nyadanu D, Lowor ST, Pobee P, Dogbatse JA, Akpertey A, Brarko-Marfo M. Heterosis patterns and sources of self-compatibility, cross-compatibility and key nut traits within single and double hybrid crosses of kola [Cola nitida (Vent) Schott and Endl.]. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8036. [PMID: 37198219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual incompatibility among kola genotypes accounted for over 50% yield loss. Compatible and high yielding varieties are in demand to develop commercial orchards. The objective of this study was to assess self-compatibility and cross-compatibility of kola (C. nitida) genotypes within self, single and double hybrid crosses and to determine heterosis pattern in the resulting hybrids for sexual compatibility and key nut yield and quality traits. Crosses among kola genotypes from three field gene banks (JX1, GX1, MX2) and one advanced germplasm (Bunso progeny) in Ghana were evaluated along their parents for sexual compatibility, nut yield and nut quality. Data were collected on pod set, pseudo-pod set, pod weight, number of nuts per pod, nut weight, brix, potential alcohol and nut firmness. Significant (P < 0.001) differential pod set was observed within Bunso progeny, JX1, GX1 and MX2 crosses; while pseudo-pod set differed only within JX1 and MX2 crosses (P < 0.001). Very large prevalence of mid-parent, heterobeltiosis, and economic heterosis was observed for sexual compatibility, outturn and brix for the single and double hybrid crosses. Heterosis was prominent among the double hybrid crosses as compared to the single hybrid crosses suggesting that recurrent selection of compatible varieties from advanced generations could result in genetic gain in kola improvement. The top five crosses with best heterosis for sexual compatibility and an appreciable positive heterosis for outturn and brix were B1/11 × B1/71 × B1/157 × B1/149, B1/11 × B1/71 × B1/296 × B1/177, GX1/46 × GX1/33 × B1/212 × B1/236, JX1/90 × JX1/51 and JX1/51 × JX1/36. These materials could serve as sources of beneficial alleles for improving Ghanaian kola hybrids and populations for yield and sexual compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nyadanu
- Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana, P. O. Box 8, Akim Tafo, Ghana.
| | | | - Prince Pobee
- Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana, P. O. Box 8, Akim Tafo, Ghana
| | | | - Abraham Akpertey
- Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana, P. O. Box 8, Akim Tafo, Ghana
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Elegbeleye JA, Krishnamoorthy S, Bamidele OP, Adeyanju AA, Adebowale OJ, Agbemavor WSK. Health-promoting foods and food crops of West-Africa origin: The bioactive compounds and immunomodulating potential. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14331. [PMID: 36448596 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The rural communities of the sub-Sahara regions in Africa are rich in diverse indigenous culinary knowledge and foods, food crops, and condiments such as roots/tubers, cereal, legumes/pulses, locust beans, and green leafy vegetables. These food crops are rich in micronutrients and phytochemicals, which have the potentials to address hidden hunger as well as promote health when consumed. Some examples of these are fermented foods such as ogi and plants such as Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf), Zingiber officinales (garlic), Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle), and condiments. Food crops from West Africa contain numerous bioactive substances such as saponins, alkaloids, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, and monoterpenoid chemicals among others. These bioresources have proven biological and pharmacological activities due to diverse mechanisms of action such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant activities which made them suitable as candidates for nutraceuticals and pharma foods. This review seeks to explore the different processes such as fermentation applied during food preparation and food crops of West-African origin with health-promoting benefits. The different bioactive compounds present in such food or food crops are discussed extensively as well as the diverse application, especially regarding respiratory diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The plants and herbs summarized here are more easily accessible and affordable by therapists and others having a passion for promising medicinal properties of African-origin plants.The mechanisms and unique metabolic potentials of African food crops discussed in this article will promote their applicability as a template molecule for novel drug discoveries in treatment strategies for emerging diseases. This compilation of antiviral plants will help clinicians and researchers bring new preventive strategies in combating COVID-19 like viral diseases, ultimately saving millions of affected people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Srinivasan Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Technology Dissemination, National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur (NIFTEM-T), Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Adeyemi A Adeyanju
- Department of Food Science and Microbiology, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | | | - Wisdom Selorm Kofi Agbemavor
- Radiation Technology Centre, Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Legon Accra, Ghana
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Phytofabrication of titanium-silver alloy nanoparticles (Ti-AgNPs) by Cola nitida for biomedical and catalytic applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Olalere OA, Gan CY, Akintomiwa OE, Adeyi O, Adeyi A. Optimisation of microwave-assisted extraction and functional elucidation of bioactive compounds from Cola nitida pod. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:850-858. [PMID: 33583076 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The quality characteristics and stability of phenolic by-products from Cola nitida wastes are critical factors for drug formulation and food nutraceutical applications. OBJECTIVES In this study, the effect of electromagnetic-based microwave-reflux extraction on the total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, morphological characteristics, physisorption and chromatographic phenolic profiles were successfully investigated. These physicochemical analyses are often employed in the standardisation of dried herbal and food nutraceutical products. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, the electromagnetic-based extraction process was optimised using the Box-Behnken design. The oleoresin bio-products were subsequently characterised to determine the total phenolic content, morphological and microstructural degradation. These analyses were conducted to elucidate the effect of the microwave heating on the C. nitida pod powder. RESULTS From the predicted response, the optimal percentage yield was achieved at 26.20% under 5.39 min of irradiation time, 440 W microwave power and oven temperature of 55°C. Moreover, the rapid estimation of the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were recorded at 124.84 ± 0.064 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight (d.w.) and 6.93 ± 0.34 μg/mL, respectively. The physicochemical characterisation results from the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and physisorption analyses showed remarkable changes in the micro-surface area (13.66%) characteristics. CONCLUSION The recorded optimal conditions established a basis for future scale-up of microwave extraction parameters with a potential for maximum yield. The physiochemical characterisation revealed the functional characteristics of C. nitida and their tolerance to microwave heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun Abayomi Olalere
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), University Innovation Incubator Building, sains@usm Campus, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, Bayan Lepas, Penang, 11900, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Yuen Gan
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), University Innovation Incubator Building, sains@usm Campus, Lebuh Bukit Jambul, Bayan Lepas, Penang, 11900, Malaysia
| | - Olumide Esan Akintomiwa
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Gelugor, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
| | - Oladayo Adeyi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Abiola Adeyi
- Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, (FRIN), Idi Ishin Jericho Road, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Granzotto C, Sutherland K, Goo YA, Aksamija A. Characterization of surface materials on African sculptures: new insights from a multi-analytical study including proteomics. Analyst 2021; 146:3305-3316. [PMID: 33999085 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00228g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Multiple analytical techniques were used to characterize materials from the surfaces of two African sculptures in the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago: a Bamana power object (boli), and a Yoruba wooden sculpture of a female figure. Surface accretions on objects such as these have received relatively little scientific attention to elucidate their composition and function, in part because they are made with complex mixtures of natural materials, which are often unfamiliar and poorly represented in the scientific literature on artists' materials. For this reason, a complement of techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry were applied, along with shotgun proteomics to better understand the nature and biological origin, down to the species level, of the proteinaceous materials. The results highlighted the presence of diverse materials including plant resins, oils, polysaccharides, and inorganic (clay or earth) compounds. In particular, mass spectrometry-based proteomics provided new insights on proteinaceous components, allowing us to identify the presence of sacrificial blood, and more specifically, blood from chicken, goat, sheep and dog. This new scientific evidence supports and supplements knowledge derived from curatorial and field work studies, and opens new doors to understanding the objects' significance and history of use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young Ah Goo
- Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amra Aksamija
- The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. and Center for Scientific Studies in the Arts, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Ogidi CO, Abioye SA, Akinyemi DD, Fadairo FB, Bolaniran T, Akinyele BJ. Bioactivity assessment of ethanolic extracts from Theobroma cacao and Cola spp. wastes after solid state fermentation by Pleurotus ostreatus and Calocybe indica. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Phytochemistry, pharmacology and medicinal uses of Cola (Malvaceae) family: a review. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Olalere OA, Gan CY, Abdurahman HN, Ahmad MS, Zaid AQ, Habeeb OA. Microstructural and microchemical characterization of valorized cola nitida pod wastes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2020.100356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Adesanwo JK, Ajayi IS, Ajayi OS, Igbeneghu OA, McDonald AG. Identification of Chemical Constituents and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Methanol Extract and Fractions of the Leaf of Melanthera scandens (Schum. et Thonn.) Roberty. JOURNAL OF EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 4:31-40. [DOI: 10.14218/jerp.2019.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Adedayo LD, Ojo AO, Awobajo FO, Adeboye BA, Adebisi JA, Bankole TJ, Ayilara GO, Bamidele O, Aitokhuehi NG, Onasanwo SA. Methanol extract of Cola nitida ameliorates inflammation and nociception in experimental animals. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2019; 5:100027. [PMID: 31194116 PMCID: PMC6550122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2019.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Methanol extract Cola nitida possesses analgesic properties in mice. Methanol extract of Cola nitida showed anti-inflammatory activity. Methanol extract of cola nitida mediates its nociceptive action through cholinergic pathway. Opioid and beta adrenergic pathways do not mediate the analgesic potential of Cola nitida.
Methanol extract of Cola nitida (MECN) was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities using rats and mice. Inflammatory activity of MECN was assessed by carrageenan-induced paw oedema while analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic acid –induced writhing and formalin paw lick test. Histological analyses of the paws were also carried out. There was evaluation of the mechanism(s) of action of MECN using naloxone, a blocker of opioid receptors; atropine, blocker of muscarinic receptors; and propranolol, blocker of beta adrenergic receptors. Findings from the study revealed that MECN has both anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. These properties were found to be dose dependent with 200 mg/kg of MECN discovered to be the most potent dose. 200 mg/kg was able to cause statistically significant reduction in paw size (p < 0.001) when compared with the carrageenan group. Histological analysis revealed that rats treated with 200 mg/kg of MECN showed no inflammatory cells in the left paw compared to other groups treated with carrageenan. In the formalin test, the number of paw licking was significantly reduced by MECN at 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg in both neurogenic and inflammatory pain responses (p < 0.001) even as 200 mg/kg showed the highest percentage inhibition of 98.17% while 100 mg/kg of aspirin showed percentage inhibition of 93.66%. In acetic acid-induced writhing test, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of MECN produced significant inhibition of writhes when compared with control as highest inhibition is observed in mice that received 200 mg/kg which is similar to aspirin. Administration of propranolol and naloxone was unable to reverse the analgesic function of MECN. However, atropine administration blocked the analgesic function of MECN. This shows that MECN exhibits its analgesic property through cholinergic pathway and not opioid and adrenergic pathways. Phytochemical screening revealed that MECN contains flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinines, terpenoids, and alkanoids. These phytochemical contents may thus be responsible for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Dayo Adedayo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Alaba Olumide Ojo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Funmileyi Olubanjo Awobajo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Boluwatife Adetoyin Adeboye
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - James Adedayo Adebisi
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Joshua Bankole
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Gideon Opeyemi Ayilara
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Olubayode Bamidele
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Nimedia Gideon Aitokhuehi
- Neurosciences and Oral Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Adetunji Onasanwo
- Neurosciences and Oral Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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