1
|
Freiberger E, Fabbietti P, Corsonello A, Lattanzio F, Artzi-Medvedik R, Kob R, Melzer I, Britting S. Transient versus stable nature of fear of falling over 24 months in community-older persons with falls- data of the EU SCOPE project on Kidney function. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:698. [PMID: 35999522 PMCID: PMC9396801 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03357-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of falling (FoF) is an important risk factor for falls among older people. The objectives of our investigations were: a.) to present characteristics of older community-dwelling (CD) fallers with persistent or transient FoF (P-FoF or T-FoF) over 12 months, and b.) to investigate clinical predictors of P-FoF and T-FoF and c.) to explore differences between P-FoF and T-FoF. METHODS Our series consisted of 389 older people reporting a fall or injurious fall at baseline and during 24 months follow-up participating in a multicenter prospective study. T-FoF was defined as participants reported "not at all" at baseline and "somewhat/fairly/very concerned" at follow-up, or "not at all" at follow-up, and "somewhat/fairly/very concerned" at baseline, and P-FoF was defined as participants answered "somewhat/fairly/very concerned" in both assessments at baseline and at follow-up. The association between risk factors and T-FoF or P-FoF was investigated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The mean age of fallers in our sample was 79.0 years (SD 6.0), and 54.2% were females. Out of 389 older adults with a fall history at baseline, 83 participants (21.3%) did not report any FoF over time, P-FoF and T-FoF were observed in 42.7% and 35.9% of participants, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders (e.g. age, gender), osteoporosis (OR = 2.04, 95%CI = 1.03-4.05) and impaired physical performance (OR = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.12-5.03) were significant predictors of T-FoF vs No-FoF. Osteoporosis (OR = 2.68, 95%CI = 1.31-5.48), depressive symptoms (OR = 3.54, 95%CI = 1.23-10.1) and living alone (OR = 2.44, 95%CI = 1.17-5.06) were significantly associated with P-FoF vs No-FoF. When comparing T-FoF and P-FoF, female gender (OR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.16-3.27), BMI (OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.02-1.14), overall comorbidity (OR = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.02-1.13) and depression (OR = 2.55, 95%CI = 1.33-4.88) were significant predictors of P-FoF. CONCLUSIONS T-FoF and P-FoF may be predicted by different sets of risk factors among older fallers. Thus, fallers should be screened for FoF especially when carrying specific risk factors, including female gender, osteoporosis, depression, living alone, impaired physical performance, BMI, comorbidity. These findings may be helpful in designing tailored intervention to blunt the risks related to consequence of FoF among older people experiencing falls. TRIAL REGISTRATION The SCOPE study was registered prospectively at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02691546; 25/02/2016).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Freiberger
- Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Paolo Fabbietti
- Italian National Research Center On Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona, Fermo and Cosenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Corsonello
- Italian National Research Center On Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona, Fermo and Cosenza, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Lattanzio
- Italian National Research Center On Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona, Fermo and Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rada Artzi-Medvedik
- Department of Nursing, Recanati School for Community Health Professions at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Maccabi Health Services, Israel; and Department of Nursing, Recanati School for Community Health Professions at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Robert Kob
- Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Itshak Melzer
- Department of Physical Therapy, Recanati School for Community Health Professions at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Sabine Britting
- Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim MY, Kim Y. Comparison of factors influencing fall recurrence in the young-old and old-old: a cross-sectional nationwide study in South Korea. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:520. [PMID: 35751031 PMCID: PMC9233335 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent falls are a concerning problem in the elderly. Elderly people aged > 65 years who are prone to fall often require medical treatment for severe fall-related injuries, which is associated with a substantial financial burden. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors related to recurrent falls in the community-dwelling young-old (65–74 years old) and old-old (≥ 75 years) in South Korea. Methods This study used a cross-sectional, correlation design. Data from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans were used, and 5,838 young-old and 4,205 old-old elderly people were included in the analysis. The questionnaire included general characteristics, fall experience, physical status, mental status, and presence of chronic diseases. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis. Results In the young-old elderly people, limitations in activities of daily living (p < .001), use of visual aids (p = .002), cognitive function (p < .001), presence of suicidal ideations (p = .005), number of chronic diseases (p < .001), and number of prescribed medications used (p = .006) associated with fall recurrence. In the old-old elderly people, having a spouse (p = .034), being a beneficiary of the National Basic Livelihood Security System (p = .025), less exercise (p = .003), limitations in activities of daily living (p < .001), visual aid use (p = .002), presence of suicidal ideations (p = .015), number of chronic diseases (p < .001), and presence of Parkinson's disease (p < .001) associated with fall recurrence. Conclusions This study identified differences in factors related to fall recurrence between the young-old and old-old elderly. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to implement an intervention program to prevent fall recurrence by age group in consideration of the risk factors for fall recurrence in each elderly people group. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03172-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Kim
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Kim
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchabosangro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
MacKay S, Ebert P, Harbidge C, Hogan DB. Fear of Falling in Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Recent Literature. Can Geriatr J 2021; 24:379-394. [PMID: 34912493 PMCID: PMC8629501 DOI: 10.5770/cgj.24.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fear of falling (FOF) is prevalent among older adults and associated with adverse health outcomes. Over recent years a substantial body of research has emerged on its epidemiology, associated factors, and consequences. This scoping review summarizes the FOF literature published between April 2015 and March 2020 in order to inform current practice and identify gaps in the literature. Methods A total of 439 articles related to FOF in older adults were identified, 56 selected for full-text review, and 46 retained for data extraction and synthesis. Results The majority of included studies were cross-sectional. Older age, female sex, previous falls, worse physical performance, and depressive symptoms were the factors most consistently associated with FOF. Studies that measured FOF with a single question reported a significantly lower prevalence of FOF than those using the Falls Efficacy Scale, a continuous measure. FOF was associated with higher likelihoods of future falls, short-term mortality, and functional decline. Conclusions Comparisons between studies were limited by inconsistent definition and measurement of FOF, falls, and other characteristics. Consensus on how to measure FOF and which participant characteristics to evaluate would address this issue. Gaps in the literature include clarifying the relationships between FOF and cognitive, psychological, social, and environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott MacKay
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - Patricia Ebert
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary.,Specialized Geriatric Services, Calgary Regional Health Authority, Calgary
| | - Cathy Harbidge
- Specialized Geriatric Services, Calgary Regional Health Authority, Calgary
| | - David B Hogan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Usmani S, Saboor A, Haris M, Khan MA, Park H. Latest Research Trends in Fall Detection and Prevention Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21155134. [PMID: 34372371 PMCID: PMC8347190 DOI: 10.3390/s21155134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Falls are unusual actions that cause a significant health risk among older people. The growing percentage of people of old age requires urgent development of fall detection and prevention systems. The emerging technology focuses on developing such systems to improve quality of life, especially for the elderly. A fall prevention system tries to predict and reduce the risk of falls. In contrast, a fall detection system observes the fall and generates a help notification to minimize the consequences of falls. A plethora of technical and review papers exist in the literature with a primary focus on fall detection. Similarly, several studies are relatively old, with a focus on wearables only, and use statistical and threshold-based approaches with a high false alarm rate. Therefore, this paper presents the latest research trends in fall detection and prevention systems using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms. It uses recent studies and analyzes datasets, age groups, ML algorithms, sensors, and location. Additionally, it provides a detailed discussion of the current trends of fall detection and prevention systems with possible future directions. This overview can help researchers understand the current systems and propose new methodologies by improving the highlighted issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Usmani
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.U.); (M.H.)
| | - Abdul Saboor
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Muhammad Haris
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.U.); (M.H.)
| | - Muneeb A. Khan
- Department of Software, Sangmyung University, Cheonan 31066, Korea;
| | - Heemin Park
- Department of Software, Sangmyung University, Cheonan 31066, Korea;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wen Y, Liao J, Yin Y, Liu C, Gong R, Wu D. Risk of falls in 4 years of follow-up among Chinese adults with diabetes: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043349. [PMID: 34103310 PMCID: PMC8190046 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was to determine the incidence of falls and identify baseline factors increased risk for incident falls over time among people with diabetes. DESIGN This study was a secondary analysis using the baseline and 4 years of follow-up data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). SETTING A nationally representative survey of 17 500 Chinese residents aged 45 years and older were recruited in the baseline national survey in 2011. These participants were followed up every 2 years. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1238 middle-aged and older adults with diabetes and no history of falls at baseline were included in the current study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Information on incidence of falls and medical treatment resulting from falls were determined by self-report. RESULTS The findings showed that the incidence of falls was 29.4% during 4 years of follow-up. Participants with incident falls were younger, were more likely to be women, had lower education level and were less likely to be current drinkers. In addition, former drinkers were 2.22 times more likely to fall. Socially active individuals were 47% less likely to fall compared with those without social activities. Every 5 kg increase in grip strength was associated with a 13% lower risk of falls. A 10 mg/dL higher total cholesterol and 1 mg/dL higher blood urea nitrogen were associated with a 4% and 6% higher risk of falls. Finally, participants with depressive symptoms were 1.47 times more likely to fall compared with those without depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the importance of developing a fall prevention programme for those with diabetes, and this programme should address potentially modifiable risk factors, including levels of total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, social activity, depressive symptoms and grip strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Liao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiqiong Yin
- Gastrointestinal Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunjuan Liu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/ West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renrong Gong
- Department of Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/ Department of Surgery, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University /Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Nursing, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu & Chengdu Mental Health Center, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim SY, Min C, Park B, Kim M, Choi HG. Evaluation of the increased risk of spine fracture in patients with mood disorder compared with matched controls: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort in Korea. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027581. [PMID: 31784429 PMCID: PMC6924799 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the risk of spine fracture in patients with mood disorder using a nationwide cohort. DESIGN A longitudinal follow-up study. SETTING Claims data for the population ≥20 years of age were collected from 2002 to 2013 for the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. PARTICIPANTS A total of 60 140 individuals with mood disorder were matched with 240 560 individuals (control group) for age, sex, income, region of residence and osteoporosis. INTERVENTIONS In both the mood disorder and control groups, the history of spine fracture was evaluated. The International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes for mood disorder (F31-F39) and spine fracture (S220 and S320) were included. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The univariable and multivariable HRs and 95% CIs of spine fracture for patients with mood disorder were analysed using a stratified Cox proportional hazards model. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the history of osteoporosis, age and sex. RESULTS Approximately 3.3% (2011/60 140) of patients in the mood disorder group and 2.8% (6795/240 560) of individuals in the control group had spine fracture (p<0.001). The mood disorder group demonstrated a higher adjusted HR for spine fracture than the control group (multivariable HR=1.10, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.15, p<0.001). The participants without osteoporosis showed a higher HR of mood disorder for spine fracture than the control participants (multivariable HR=1.25, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.37, p<0.001). According to age and sex, this result was consistent in subgroups of women aged 20-39 and 40-59 years and men aged ≥60 years. CONCLUSION The risk of spine fracture was increased in patients with mood disorder. The potential risk of spine fracture needs to be evaluated when managing patients with mood disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Chanyang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Bumjung Park
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|