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Gujarati NA, Chow AK, Mallipattu SK. Central role of podocytes in mediating cellular cross talk in glomerular health and disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024; 326:F313-F325. [PMID: 38205544 PMCID: PMC11207540 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00328.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Podocytes are highly specialized epithelial cells that surround the capillaries of the glomeruli in the kidney. Together with the glomerular endothelial cells, these postmitotic cells are responsible for regulating filtrate from the circulating blood with their organized network of interdigitating foot processes that wrap around the glomerular basement membrane. Although podocyte injury and subsequent loss is the hallmark of many glomerular diseases, recent evidence suggests that the cell-cell communication between podocytes and other glomerular and nonglomerular cells is critical for the development and progression of kidney disease. In this review, we highlight these key cellular pathways of communication and how they might be a potential target for therapy in glomerular disease. We also postulate that podocytes might serve as a central hub for communication in the kidney under basal conditions and in response to cellular stress, which may have implications for the development and progression of glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehaben A Gujarati
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Andrew K Chow
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Sandeep K Mallipattu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Renal Section, Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York, United States
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Madison J, Wilhelm K, Meehan DT, Gratton MA, Vosik D, Samuelson G, Ott M, Fascianella J, Nelson N, Cosgrove D. Ramipril therapy in integrin α1-null, autosomal recessive Alport mice triples lifespan: mechanistic clues from RNA-seq analysis. J Pathol 2024; 262:296-309. [PMID: 38129319 PMCID: PMC10872630 DOI: 10.1002/path.6231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The standard of care for patients with Alport syndrome (AS) is angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In autosomal recessive Alport (ARAS) mice, ACE inhibitors double lifespan. We previously showed that deletion of Itga1 in Alport mice [double-knockout (DKO) mice] increased lifespan by 50%. This effect seemed dependent on the prevention of laminin 211-mediated podocyte injury. Here, we treated DKO mice with vehicle or ramipril starting at 4 weeks of age. Proteinuria and glomerular filtration rates were measured at 5-week intervals. Glomeruli were analyzed for laminin 211 deposition in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and GBM ultrastructure was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on isolated glomeruli at all time points and the results were compared with cultured podocytes overlaid (or not) with recombinant laminin 211. Glomerular filtration rate declined in ramipril-treated DKO mice between 30 and 35 weeks. Proteinuria followed these same patterns with normalization of foot process architecture in ramipril-treated DKO mice. RNA-seq revealed a decline in the expression of Foxc2, nephrin (Nphs1), and podocin (Nphs2) mRNAs, which was delayed in the ramipril-treated DKO mice. GBM accumulation of laminin 211 was delayed in ramipril-treated DKO mice, likely due to a role for α1β1 integrin in CDC42 activation in Alport mesangial cells, which is required for mesangial filopodial invasion of the subendothelial spaces of the glomerular capillary loops. Ramipril synergized with Itga1 knockout, tripling lifespan compared with untreated ARAS mice. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Madison
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kevin Wilhelm
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Denise Vosik
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Megan Ott
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Noa Nelson
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE, USA
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Wang R, Wu Y, Jiang S. FOXC2 Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats through Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:9628521. [PMID: 34858542 PMCID: PMC8632424 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9628521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the leading cause of death in patients with cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect and mechanism of forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) on MIRI in rats. METHODS We made ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) models for rats by performing I/R surgery. After 3 hours, 3 days, and 7 days of reperfusion, we detected the structure and function of rat myocardium by 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, echocardiography, lactate dehydrogenase kit, and haematoxylin-eosin staining. The change of FOXC2 expression in myocardial tissue was also detected. Then, we increased the expression of FOXC2 in rats by adenovirus transfection to clarify the effect of FOXC2 on changes of oxidative stress and inflammation of rat myocardium. In addition, we detected the effect of FOXC2 overexpression plasmid on the function of H9c2 cells in vitro. The expression changes of Nrf2/HO-1 in myocardial cells were also detected to clarify the mechanism of action of FOXC2. RESULTS The expression of FOXC2 in I/R rats was significantly lower than that in the sham group. After overexpressing FOXC2 in I/R rats, we found that the expression of SOD1/2 of rat myocardium and inflammatory factors in the serum were significantly reduced. Overexpression of FOXC2 also increased the viability and antioxidant capacity of H9c2 cells. In addition, FOXC2 was found to increase the activity of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in myocardial cells, and the inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway attenuated the protective effect of FOXC2 on myocardial cells. CONCLUSIONS MIRI in rats was accompanied by low expression of FOXC2 in myocardial tissue. Overexpression of FOXC2 reduces the level of inflammation and oxidative stress in myocardial tissue by promoting the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, thereby alleviating MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonggang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shoutao Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Li J, Xu J, Jiang H, Zhang T, Ramakrishnan A, Shen L, Xu PX. Chromatin Remodelers Interact with Eya1 and Six2 to Target Enhancers to Control Nephron Progenitor Cell Maintenance. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:2815-2833. [PMID: 34716243 PMCID: PMC8806105 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eya1 is a critical regulator of nephron progenitor cell specification and interacts with Six2 to promote NPC self-renewal. Haploinsufficiency of these genes causes kidney hypoplasia. However, how the Eya1-centered network operates remains unknown. METHODS We engineered a 2×HA-3×Flag-Eya1 knock-in mouse line and performed coimmunoprecipitation with anti-HA or -Flag to precipitate the multitagged-Eya1 and its associated proteins. Loss-of-function, transcriptome profiling, and genome-wide binding analyses for Eya1's interacting chromatin-remodeling ATPase Brg1 were carried out. We assayed the activity of the cis-regulatory elements co-occupied by Brg1/Six2 in vivo. RESULTS Eya1 and Six2 interact with the Brg1-based SWI/SNF complex during kidney development. Knockout of Brg1 results in failure of metanephric mesenchyme formation and depletion of nephron progenitors, which has been linked to loss of Eya1 expression. Transcriptional profiling shows conspicuous downregulation of important regulators for nephrogenesis in Brg1-deficient cells, including Lin28, Pbx1, and Dchs1-Fat4 signaling, but upregulation of podocyte lineage, oncogenic, and cell death-inducing genes, many of which Brg1 targets. Genome-wide binding analysis identifies Brg1 occupancy to a distal enhancer of Eya1 that drives nephron progenitor-specific expression. We demonstrate that Brg1 enrichment to two distal intronic enhancers of Pbx1 and a proximal promoter region of Mycn requires Six2 activity and that these Brg1/Six2-bound enhancers govern nephron progenitor-specific expression in response to Six2 activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal an essential role for Brg1, its downstream pathways, and its interaction with Eya1-Six2 in mediating the fine balance among the self-renewal, differentiation, and survival of nephron progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jinshu Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Huihui Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Department of Neurosciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Neurosciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Pin-Xian Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Miao Z, Balzer MS, Ma Z, Liu H, Wu J, Shrestha R, Aranyi T, Kwan A, Kondo A, Pontoglio M, Kim J, Li M, Kaestner KH, Susztak K. Single cell regulatory landscape of the mouse kidney highlights cellular differentiation programs and disease targets. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2277. [PMID: 33859189 PMCID: PMC8050063 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the epigenetic program that generates unique cell types in the kidney is critical for understanding cell-type heterogeneity during tissue homeostasis and injury response. Here, we profile open chromatin and gene expression in developing and adult mouse kidneys at single cell resolution. We show critical reliance of gene expression on distal regulatory elements (enhancers). We reveal key cell type-specific transcription factors and major gene-regulatory circuits for kidney cells. Dynamic chromatin and expression changes during nephron progenitor differentiation demonstrates that podocyte commitment occurs early and is associated with sustained Foxl1 expression. Renal tubule cells follow a more complex differentiation, where Hfn4a is associated with proximal and Tfap2b with distal fate. Mapping single nucleotide variants associated with human kidney disease implicates critical cell types, developmental stages, genes, and regulatory mechanisms. The single cell multi-omics atlas reveals key chromatin remodeling events and gene expression dynamics associated with kidney development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Miao
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael S Balzer
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Junnan Wu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rojesh Shrestha
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tamas Aranyi
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Kwan
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ayano Kondo
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marco Pontoglio
- Epigenetics and Development Laboratory, Université de Paris Inserm U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Junhyong Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Ettou S, Jung YL, Miyoshi T, Jain D, Hiratsuka K, Schumacher V, Taglienti ME, Morizane R, Park PJ, Kreidberg JA. Epigenetic transcriptional reprogramming by WT1 mediates a repair response during podocyte injury. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabb5460. [PMID: 32754639 PMCID: PMC7380960 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb5460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the context of human disease, the mechanisms whereby transcription factors reprogram gene expression in reparative responses to injury are not well understood. We have studied the mechanisms of transcriptional reprogramming in disease using murine kidney podocytes as a model for tissue injury. Podocytes are a crucial component of glomeruli, the filtration units of each nephron. Podocyte injury is the initial event in many processes that lead to end-stage kidney disease. Wilms tumor-1 (WT1) is a master regulator of gene expression in podocytes, binding nearly all genes known to be crucial for maintenance of the glomerular filtration barrier. Using murine models and human kidney organoids, we investigated WT1-mediated transcriptional reprogramming during the course of podocyte injury. Reprogramming the transcriptome involved highly dynamic changes in the binding of WT1 to target genes during a reparative injury response, affecting chromatin state and expression levels of target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Ettou
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Youngsook L. Jung
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tomoya Miyoshi
- Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dhawal Jain
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ken Hiratsuka
- Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Valerie Schumacher
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mary E. Taglienti
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryuji Morizane
- Nephrology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Peter J. Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jordan A. Kreidberg
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Wang L, Wang K, Tian Z. miR-128-3p Inhibits NRP1 Expression and Promotes Inflammatory Response to Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis. Inflammation 2020; 43:1772-1779. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01251-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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