Forester BR, Zhang R, Schuhler B, Brostek A, Gonzalez-Vicente A, Garvin JL. Knocking Out Sodium Glucose-Linked Transporter 5 Prevents Fructose-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress and Salt-Sensitive Hypertension.
Hypertension 2024;
81:1296-1307. [PMID:
38545789 PMCID:
PMC11096007 DOI:
10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22535]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
A fructose high-salt (FHS) diet increases systolic blood pressure and Ang II (angiotensin II)-stimulated proximal tubule (PT) superoxide (O2-) production. These increases are prevented by scavenging O2- or an Ang II type 1 receptor antagonist. SGLT4 (sodium glucose-linked cotransporters 4) and SGLT5 are implicated in PT fructose reabsorption, but their roles in fructose-induced hypertension are unclear. We hypothesized that PT fructose reabsorption by SGLT5 initiates a genetic program enhancing Ang II-stimulated oxidative stress in males and females, thereby causing fructose-induced salt-sensitive hypertension.
METHODS
We measured systolic blood pressure in male and female Sprague-Dawley (wild type [WT]), SGLT4 knockout (-/-), and SGLT5-/- rats. Then, we measured basal and Ang II-stimulated (37 nmol/L) O2- production by PTs and conducted gene coexpression network analysis.
RESULTS
In male WT and female WT rats, FHS increased systolic blood pressure by 15±3 (n=7; P<0.0027) and 17±4 mm Hg (n=9; P<0.0037), respectively. Male and female SGLT4-/- had similar increases. Systolic blood pressure was unchanged by FHS in male and female SGLT5-/-. In male WT and female WT fed FHS, Ang II stimulated O2- production by 14±5 (n=6; P<0.0493) and 8±3 relative light units/µg protein/s (n=7; P<0.0218), respectively. The responses of SGTL4-/- were similar. Ang II did not stimulate O2- production in tubules from SGLT5-/-. Five gene coexpression modules were correlated with FHS. These correlations were completely blunted in SGLT5-/- and partially blunted by chronically scavenging O2- with tempol.
CONCLUSIONS
SGLT5-mediated PT fructose reabsorption is required for FHS to augment Ang II-stimulated proximal nephron O2- production, and increases in PT oxidative stress likely contribute to FHS-induced hypertension.
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