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Ross H, Kurbatfinski S, Szelest I. Investigating the unique service and treatment needs of women with alcohol use disorder: Literature review and key informant perspectives in British Columbia. Healthc Manage Forum 2024; 37:237-243. [PMID: 38330146 DOI: 10.1177/08404704241229973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a medical condition uniquely affecting the female population, requiring widespread restructuring of current services to increase treatment utilization and efficacy. This review synthesizes the literature on the service and treatment needs of women with AUD. A literature search and review were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Key informant information was collected during interviews with health leaders. Data from literature searches and interviews were analyzed to identify common themes. Results found women face more barriers when accessing and receiving AUD treatment. Major barriers include stigma, location, transportation, and childcare, which contribute to the AUD treatment gap among women. Recommendations to reduce barriers include (1) implementing universal screening, (2) improving care provider education and awareness, (3) providing childcare services, (4) establishing a strong client-clinician relationship, (5) building a community approach for Indigenous clients, (6) improving Managed Alcohol Programs, and (7) expanding virtual substance use prescribing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Ross
- The Canadian Alcohol Use Disorder Society, Penticton, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stefan Kurbatfinski
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Izabela Szelest
- The Canadian Alcohol Use Disorder Society, Penticton, British Columbia, Canada
- Care.Transformed Consulting, Penticton, British Columbia, Canada
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Wood E, Rehm J. Gestion des risques associés aux antidépresseurs chez les personnes ayant un trouble d’utilisation de l’alcool. CMAJ 2024; 196:E689-E690. [PMID: 38772610 PMCID: PMC11104572 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.150095-l-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Evan Wood
- Professeur de médecine, Université de la Colombie-Britannique, Vancouver C.-B
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Scientifique principal, Institut de recherche sur les politiques en santé mentale, Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale, Toronto, Ont
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Elefante RJO, Lu C, Bach PJ. Analyse de la position de la Ligne directrice canadienne sur les inhibiteurs sélectifs du recaptage de la sérotonine dans un contexte de trouble lié à l’usage d’alcool et de troubles de l’humeur et anxieux concomitants. CMAJ 2024; 196:E687-E688. [PMID: 38772611 PMCID: PMC11104580 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.150034-l-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Julius O Elefante
- Faculté de médecine, Université de la Colombie-Britannique, boursier de la Collaboration internationale de recherche en médecine des toxicomanies, Centre de traitement de la toxicomanie de la Colombie-Britannique, Vancouver, C.-B
| | - Clara Lu
- Médecine interne générale, Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Paxton J Bach
- Faculté de médecine, Université de la Colombie-Britannique, Centre de traitement de la toxicomanie de la Colombie-Britannique, Vancouver, C.-B
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Bahji A, Danilewitz M, Sloan M, Tang V, Crockford D. Préoccupations en ce qui concerne la recommandation contre la prescription d’inhibiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine dans la Ligne directrice canadienne pour la prise en charge clinique de la consommation d’alcool à risque élevé et du trouble d’utilisation de l’alcool. CMAJ 2024; 196:E685-E686. [PMID: 38772607 PMCID: PMC11104573 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.149917-l-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anees Bahji
- Psychiatre, Département de psychiatrie, Université de Calgary, Calgary, Alb
| | - Marlon Danilewitz
- Psychiatre, Département de psychiatrie, Université de Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Matthew Sloan
- Psychiatre, Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale, Toronto, Ont
| | - Victor Tang
- Psychiatre, Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale, Toronto, Ont
| | - David Crockford
- Psychiatre, Département de psychiatrie, Université de Calgary, Calgary, Alb
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Teixeira J, Pinheiro M, Pereira GÁ, Nogueira P, Guerreiro M, Castanho M, do Couto FS. Predicting alcohol relapse post-detoxification: The role of cognitive impairments in alcohol use disorder patients. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:918-927. [PMID: 38494444 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on early abstinence suggest that cognitive function is significantly reduced in the first year of abstinence, which raises the question of whether it is relevant to early relapse in patients with substance use disorders. This study investigates the extent to which impairments in executive function and memory predict alcohol relapse in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Understanding these relationships is crucial for improving therapeutic approaches to prevent relapse in patients with AUD. METHODS We selected 116 adult patients (79 male and 37 female) diagnosed with AUD based on DSM-5 criteria, all of whom were undergoing alcohol detoxification treatment. A comprehensive array of neuropsychological tests was administered to assess global cognition, memory, and executive functions. Patients' alcohol use was monitored monthly during a 6-month follow-up period. Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to explore the relationship between cognitive function and the likelihood of alcohol relapse. RESULTS Impairments in global cognition, semantic and phonemic fluency, cognitive flexibility, and learning ability during detoxification were significant predictors of relapse in AUD patients, showing similar predictive values at both 3 and 6 months post-treatment. An abnormal Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score increased the risk of relapse by 123% (HR: 2.227), and impairments in both semantic and phonemic fluency each increased the risk by 142% (HR: 2.423). Additionally, abnormal performance on the MoCA, Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B), and California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) was associated with a higher number of drinking days at 3 months (IRR: 3.764; IRR: 2.237; IRR: 2.738, respectively) and abnormal MoCA and TMT-B scores at 6 months (IRR: 2.451; IRR: 1.859, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The MoCA test is a valuable tool for predicting relapse risk in AUD patients undergoing detoxification treatment, with similar predictive value for relapse at 3 or 6 months. Learning ability needs to be assessed and their impairments considered in the treatment of AUD patients. Future research should explore strategies for managing patients with impairments in memory and learning ability to enhance treatment effectiveness and prevent relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Teixeira
- Unidade de Alcoologia e Novas Dependências, Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Gabriela Álvares Pereira
- Unidade de Neuropsicologia, Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Católica Research Centre for Psychological, Family and Social Wellbeing (CRC-W), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Nogueira
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Center, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade do Uso da Terra e dos Serviços dos Ecossistemas - TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
- CIDNUR - Centro de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento em Enfermagem de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Castanho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Wood E, Pan J, Cui Z, Bach P, Dennis B, Nolan S, Socias ME. Does This Patient Have Alcohol Use Disorder?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review. JAMA 2024; 331:1215-1224. [PMID: 38592385 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.3101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Importance The accuracy of screening tests for alcohol use disorder (defined as a problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress) requires reassessment to align with the latest definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5). Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of screening tools in identifying individuals with alcohol use disorder as defined in the DSM-5. Data Sources and Study Selection The databases of MEDLINE and Embase were searched (January 2013-February 2023) for original studies on the diagnostic accuracy of brief screening tools to identify alcohol use disorder according to the DSM-5 definition. Because diagnosis of alcohol use disorder does not include excessive alcohol use as a criterion, studies of screening tools that identify excessive or high-risk drinking among younger (aged 9-18 years), older (aged ≥65 years), and pregnant persons also were retained. Data Extraction and Synthesis Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated. When appropriate, a meta-analysis was performed to calculate a summary LR. Results Of 4303 identified studies, 35 were retained (N = 79 633). There were 11 691 individuals with alcohol use disorder or a history of excessive drinking. Across all age categories, a score of 8 or greater on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) increased the likelihood of alcohol use disorder (LR, 6.5 [95% CI, 3.9-11]). A positive screening result using AUDIT identified alcohol use disorder better among females (LR, 6.9 [95% CI, 3.9-12]) than among males (LR, 3.8 [95% CI, 2.6-5.5]) (P = .003). An AUDIT score of less than 8 reduced the likelihood of alcohol use disorder similarly for both males and females (LR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.20-0.52]). The abbreviated AUDIT-Consumption (AUDIT-C) has sex-specific cutoff scores of 4 or greater for males and 3 or greater for females, but was less useful for identifying alcohol use disorder (males: LR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.5-2.2]; females: LR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.8-2.3]). The AUDIT-C appeared useful for identifying measures of excessive alcohol use in younger people (aged 9-18 years) and in those older than 60 years of age. For those younger than 18 years of age, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism age-specific drinking thresholds were helpful for assessing the likelihood of alcohol use disorder at the lowest risk threshold (LR, 0.15 [95% CI, 0.11-0.21]), at the moderate risk threshold (LR, 3.4 [95% CI, 2.8-4.1]), and at the highest risk threshold (LR, 15 [95% CI, 12-19]). Among persons who were pregnant and screened within 48 hours after delivery, an AUDIT score of 4 or greater identified those more likely to have alcohol use disorder (LR, 6.4 [95% CI, 5.1-8.0]), whereas scores of less than 2 for the Tolerance, Worried, Eye-Opener, Amnesia and Cut-Down screening tool and the Tolerance, Annoyed, Cut-Down and Eye-Opener screening tool identified alcohol use disorder similarly (LR, 0.05 [95% CI, 0.01-0.20]). Conclusions and Relevance The AUDIT screening tool is useful to identify alcohol use disorder in adults and in individuals within 48 hours postpartum. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism youth screening tool is helpful to identify children and adolescents with alcohol use disorder. The AUDIT-C appears useful for identifying various measures of excessive alcohol use in young people and in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Wood
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Pan
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zishan Cui
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Paxton Bach
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brittany Dennis
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Seonaid Nolan
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M Eugenia Socias
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Giesbrecht N, Myran DT. Harms and costs of proposed changes in how alcohol is sold in Ontario. CMAJ 2024; 196:E447-E448. [PMID: 38589028 PMCID: PMC11001388 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.240069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Norman Giesbrecht
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Giesbrecht), University of Toronto; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research (Giesbrecht), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ont.; Bruyère Research Institute (Myran); Department of Family Medicine (Myran), University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program (Myran), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; and ICES uOttawa (Myran), Ottawa, Ont.
| | - Daniel T Myran
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Giesbrecht), University of Toronto; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research (Giesbrecht), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ont.; Bruyère Research Institute (Myran); Department of Family Medicine (Myran), University of Ottawa; Clinical Epidemiology Program (Myran), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; and ICES uOttawa (Myran), Ottawa, Ont
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Wood E, Rehm J. Addressing the risks of antidepressants among people with alcohol use disorders. CMAJ 2024; 196:E349-E350. [PMID: 38499304 PMCID: PMC10948179 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.150095-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Evan Wood
- Professor of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Senior Scientist, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ont
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Elefante RJO, Lu C, Bach PJ. Navigating the nuances of the Canadian guideline's stance on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in concurrent alcohol use disorder and mood or anxiety disorders. CMAJ 2024; 196:E348. [PMID: 38499309 PMCID: PMC10948185 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.150034-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Julius O Elefante
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia; International Collaborative Addiction Medicine Research Fellowship, BC Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC
| | - Clara Lu
- General Internal Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Paxton J Bach
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC
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Bahji A, Danilewitz M, Sloan M, Tang V, Crockford D. Concerns regarding the recommendation against prescribing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the Canadian guideline for the clinical management of high-risk drinking and alcohol use disorder. CMAJ 2024; 196:E346-E347. [PMID: 38499302 PMCID: PMC10948180 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.149917-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anees Bahji
- Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Marlon Danilewitz
- Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Matthew Sloan
- Psychiatrist, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ont
| | - Victor Tang
- Psychiatrist, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ont
| | - David Crockford
- Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
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Gandhi P, Healy D, Bozinoff N. Trouble grave lié à l’utilisation d’alcool après l’instauration d’un traitement par inhibiteur sélectif du recaptage de la sérotonine. CMAJ 2024; 196:E322-E324. [PMID: 38467411 PMCID: PMC10927291 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.231015-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Preet Gandhi
- Département de médecine (Gandhi), Université de la Colombie-Britannique, Vancouver, C.-B.; Société Data Based Medicine Limited (Healy), Bangor, pays de Galles, R.-U.; Institut de recherche en santé mentale de la famille Campbell (Bozinoff), Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale; Département de médecine familiale et communautaire (Bozinoff), Université de Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - David Healy
- Département de médecine (Gandhi), Université de la Colombie-Britannique, Vancouver, C.-B.; Société Data Based Medicine Limited (Healy), Bangor, pays de Galles, R.-U.; Institut de recherche en santé mentale de la famille Campbell (Bozinoff), Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale; Département de médecine familiale et communautaire (Bozinoff), Université de Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Nikki Bozinoff
- Département de médecine (Gandhi), Université de la Colombie-Britannique, Vancouver, C.-B.; Société Data Based Medicine Limited (Healy), Bangor, pays de Galles, R.-U.; Institut de recherche en santé mentale de la famille Campbell (Bozinoff), Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale; Département de médecine familiale et communautaire (Bozinoff), Université de Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
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Schröder S, Westhoff MS, Pfister T, Seifert J, Bleich S, Koop F, Proskynitopoulos PJ, Glahn A, Heck J. Drug safety in older patients with alcohol use disorder: a retrospective cohort study. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2024; 14:20451253241232563. [PMID: 38384595 PMCID: PMC10880528 DOI: 10.1177/20451253241232563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Older patients with alcohol use disorder are at particular risk of developing adverse drug reactions due to multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and altered organ function. Objectives In this study, we investigated the frequency and characteristics of potentially serious alcohol-medication interactions, potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) for older adults, and potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) in a population of older patients with alcohol use disorder over a 10-year period. Design Retrospective monocentric cohort study. Methods Prescribed medications were screened for potentially serious alcohol-medication interactions, PIMs, and pDDIs using the POSAMINO (POtentially Serious Alcohol-Medication INteractions in Older adults) criteria, the PRISCUS 2.0 list, the FORTA (Fit fOR The Aged) classification, and the drug interaction program AiDKlinik®. Results We enrolled 114 patients aged ⩾65 years with alcohol use disorder, who were treated in an addiction unit of a university hospital in Germany. About 80.7% of the study population had at least one potentially serious alcohol-medication interaction. Potentially serious alcohol-medication interactions most commonly affected the cardiovascular (57.7%) and the central nervous system (32.3%). A total of 71.1% of the study population received at least one prescription of a FORTA C or D drug, compared with 42.1% who received at least one PIM prescription according to the PRISCUS 2.0 list. A total of 113 moderate and 72 severe pDDIs were identified in the study population. Conclusion Older patients with alcohol use disorders are frequently exposed to potentially serious alcohol-medication interactions, PIMs, and pDDIs. Improvements in the quality of prescribing should primarily target the use of cardiovascular and psychotropic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schröder
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Martin Schulze Westhoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tabea Pfister
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanna Seifert
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Koop
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Heck
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Bahji A. Navigating the Complex Intersection of Substance Use and Psychiatric Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:999. [PMID: 38398311 PMCID: PMC10889170 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and psychiatric conditions, often referred to as comorbidity or concurrent disorders, presents intricate challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. This comprehensive narrative review aims to synthesize and critically evaluate the existing evidence surrounding the management of individuals with comorbid SUDs and psychiatric disorders. Comorbidity in these domains carries profound implications for clinical practice, research, and policymaking, emphasizing the need for a holistic understanding of the intricate dynamics that arise when these conditions coexist. This review explores recent research findings, evidence-based guidelines, and emerging trends within the field, offering valuable insights for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers seeking to navigate the complex terrain of comorbidity in substance use and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anees Bahji
- Departments of Psychiatry and Community Health Sciences & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2R 1N4, Canada
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Balakrishnan M, Rehm J. A public health perspective on mitigating the global burden of chronic liver disease. Hepatology 2024; 79:451-459. [PMID: 37943874 PMCID: PMC10872651 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is a significant global health problem. Epidemiological trends do not show improvement in chronic liver disease incidence but rather a shift in etiologies, with steatotic liver disease (SLD) from metabolic dysfunction and alcohol becoming increasingly important causes. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop a comprehensive public health approach for SLD. To that end, we propose a public health framework for preventing and controlling SLD. The framework is anchored on evidence linking physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary patterns, alcohol use, and obesity with both incidence and progression of SLD. Guided by the framework, we review examples of federal/state-level, community-level, and individual-level interventions with the potential to address these determinants of SLD. Ultimately, mitigating SLD's burden requires primary risk factor reduction at multiple socioecological levels, by scaling up the World Health Organization's "best buys," in addition to developing and implementing SLD-specific control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Balakrishnan
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 2S1
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 2S1
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5T 3M7
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th floor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5T 1R8
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University of Hamburg, Martinistraße 52, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
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Gandhi P, Healy D, Bozinoff N. Severe alcohol use disorder after initiation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy. CMAJ 2023; 195:E1380-E1382. [PMID: 37844929 PMCID: PMC10581713 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.231015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Preet Gandhi
- Department of Medicine (Gandhi), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Data Based Medicine Limited (Healy), Bangor, Wales, UK; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (Bozinoff), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Bozinoff), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - David Healy
- Department of Medicine (Gandhi), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Data Based Medicine Limited (Healy), Bangor, Wales, UK; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (Bozinoff), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Bozinoff), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Nikki Bozinoff
- Department of Medicine (Gandhi), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Data Based Medicine Limited (Healy), Bangor, Wales, UK; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (Bozinoff), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Department of Family and Community Medicine (Bozinoff), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
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