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Li H, Dai X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhang S, Guo J, Shen L, Yan H, Jiang H. Mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary disease: Implications for the potential therapeutics. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31370. [PMID: 38988059 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that continuously undergo fusion/fission to maintain normal cell physiological activities and energy metabolism. When mitochondrial dynamics is unbalanced, mitochondrial homeostasis is broken, thus damaging mitochondrial function. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that impairment in mitochondrial dynamics leads to lung tissue injury and pulmonary disease progression in a variety of disease models, including inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and barrier breakdown, and that the role of mitochondrial dynamics varies among pulmonary diseases. These findings suggest that modulation of mitochondrial dynamics may be considered as a valid therapeutic strategy in pulmonary diseases. In this review, we discuss the current evidence on the role of mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary diseases, with a particular focus on its underlying mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis (PF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), lung cancer and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and outline effective drugs targeting mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins, highlighting the great potential of targeting mitochondrial dynamics in the treatment of pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyan Dai
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junfu Zhou
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujuan Wang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiying Zhang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lidu Shen
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hengxiu Yan
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huiling Jiang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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2
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Tiwari P, Verma S, Washimkar KR, Nilakanth Mugale M. Immune cells crosstalk Pathways, and metabolic alterations in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112269. [PMID: 38781610 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) presents a challenging progression characterized by lung tissue scarring and abnormal extracellular matrix deposition. This review examines the influence of immune responses, emphasizing their complex role in initiating and perpetuating fibrosis. It highlights how metabolic pathways modulate immune cell function during IPF. Immune cell modulation holds promise in managing pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Inhibiting neutrophil recruitment and monitoring mast cell levels offer insights into PF progression. Low-dose IL-2 therapy and regulation of fibroblast recruitment present potential therapeutic avenues, while the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in allergic lung inflammation sheds light on disease mechanisms. The review focuses on metabolic reprogramming's role in shaping immune cell function during IPF progression. While some immune cells use glycolysis for pro-inflammatory responses, others favor fatty acid oxidation for regulatory functions. Targeting specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) presents significant potential for managing fibrotic disorders. Additionally, it highlights the pivotal role of amino acid metabolism in synthesizing serine and glycine as crucial regulators of collagen production and exploring the interconnectedness of lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and adipokines in driving fibrotic processes. Moreover, the review discusses the impact of metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes on lung fibrosis. Advocating for a holistic approach, it emphasizes the importance of considering this interplay between immune cell function and metabolic pathways in developing effective and personalized treatments for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Tiwari
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Shobhit Verma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Kaveri R Washimkar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India.
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3
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He X, Smith MR, Jarrell ZR, Thi Ly V, Liang Y, Lee CM, Orr M, Go YM, Jones DP. Metabolic alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in human airway BEAS-2B cells exposed to vanadium pentoxide. Toxicology 2024; 504:153772. [PMID: 38479551 PMCID: PMC11060939 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium pentoxide (V+5) is a hazardous material that has drawn considerable attention due to its wide use in industrial sectors and increased release into environment from human activities. It poses potential adverse effects on animals and human health, with pronounced impact on lung physiology and functions. In this study, we investigated the metabolic response of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells to low-level V+5 exposure (0.01, 0.1, and 1 ppm) using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Exposure to V+5 caused extensive changes to cellular metabolism in BEAS-2B cells, including TCA cycle, glycolysis, fatty acids, amino acids, amino sugars, nucleotide sugar, sialic acid, vitamin D3, and drug metabolism, without causing cell death. Altered mitochondrial structure and function were observed with as low as 0.01 ppm (0.2 μM) V+5 exposure. In addition, decreased level of E-cadherin, the prototypical epithelial marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), was observed following V+5 treatment, supporting potential toxicity of V+5 at low levels. Taken together, the present study shows that V+5 has adverse effects on mitochondria and the metabolome which may result in EMT activation in the absence of cell death. Furthermore, results suggest that high-resolution metabolomics could serve as a powerful tool to investigate metal toxicity at levels which do not cause cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia He
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Matthew Ryan Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Atlanta Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Decatur, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zachery R Jarrell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - ViLinh Thi Ly
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yongliang Liang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Choon-Myung Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Orr
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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4
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Wei Q, Chen L, Luo W, Chen C, Shi Y, Xie J, Xie X, Luo HB. PDE12 disrupts mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and mediates mitochondrial dysfunction to induce oral mucosal epithelial barrier damage in oral submucous fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176353. [PMID: 38325798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic oral mucosal disease. The pathological changes of OSF include epithelial damage and subepithelial matrix fibrosis. This study aimed to reveal the epithelial injury mechanism of OSF. A histopathological method was used to analyze oral mucosal tissue from OSF patients and OSF rats. The expression of PDE12 in the oral epithelium was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tight junction proteins in arecoline-treated HOKs were explored by western blotting. Epithelial leakage was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance and lucifer yellow permeability. The expression of PDE12 and the mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were evaluated in arecoline-induced HOKs. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes and ATP content were also explored in HOKs. The results showed significant overexpression of PDE12 in oral mucosal tissue from OSF patients and rats. PDE12 was also overexpressed and aggregated in mitochondria in arecoline-induced HOKs, resulting in dysfunction of OXPHOS and impaired mitochondrial function. An EMT, disruption of tight junctions with epithelial leakage, and extracellular matrix remodeling were also observed. PDE12 overexpression induced by PDE12 plasmid transfection enhanced the mtROS level and interfered with occludin protein localization in HOKs. Interestingly, knockdown of PDE12 clearly ameliorated arecoline-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and epithelial barrier dysfunction in HOKs. Therefore, we concluded that overexpression of PDE12 impaired mitochondrial OXPHOS and mitochondrial function and subsequently impaired epithelial barrier function, ultimately leading to OSF. We suggest that PDE12 may be a new potential target against OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, Hainan Province, China
| | - Cailian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yuqing Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jinmei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan Province, China.
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5
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Mohanan A, Washimkar KR, Mugale MN. Unraveling the interplay between vital organelle stress and oxidative stress in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119676. [PMID: 38242330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, leading to irreversible fibrosis. Emerging evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial stress, and oxidative stress pathways play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of IPF. ER stress occurs when the protein folding capacity of the ER is overwhelmed, triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR) and contributing to protein misfolding and cellular stress in IPF. Concurrently, mitochondrial dysfunction involving dysregulation of key regulators, including PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis and impairs cellular energy metabolism. This leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, release of pro-fibrotic mediators, and activation of fibrotic pathways, exacerbating IPF progression. The UPR-induced ER stress further disrupts mitochondrial metabolism, resulting in altered mitochondrial mechanisms that increase the generation of ROS, resulting in further ER stress, creating a feedback loop that contributes to the progression of IPF. Oxidative stress also plays a pivotal role in IPF, as ROS-mediated activation of TGF-β, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways promotes inflammation and fibrotic responses. This review mainly focuses on the links between ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, and oxidative stress with different signaling pathways involved in IPF. Understanding these mechanisms and targeting key molecules within these pathways may offer promising avenues for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Mohanan
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kaveri R Washimkar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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6
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Sun L, He X, Kong J, Yu H, Wang Y. Menstrual blood-derived stem cells exosomal miR-let-7 to ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis through inhibiting ferroptosis by Sp3/HDAC2/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111316. [PMID: 38056200 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a serious, lifelong lung disease with high morbidity and high mortality. Menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) derived exosomes (MenSCs-Exo) emerge as an attractive tool for the treatment of acute lung injury and fibrosis-related diseases. However, more comprehensive mechanism over how MenSCs derived exosomes exhibits anti-pulmonary fibrosis needs to be elucidated. In this study, TGF-β was used to construct cell fibrosis model, and bleomycin (BLM) was applied to induce lung tissue fibrosis mice model. BLM- and TGF-β1-induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage, and lung epithelial cell apoptosis were alleviated by MenSCs-Exo treatment in vivo and in vitro. Besides, it was found that MenSCs-Exo delivered miR-let-7 into MLE-12 cells/lung epithelial cell and the reduction of miR-let-7 blocked the improvement produced by MenSCs-Exo. Mechanistically, miR-let-7 directly bound to Sp3 and negatively regulated its expression. Sp3 elevation promoted the expression of ferroptosis-related protein and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage markers via recruiting HDAC2, thereby inactivating keap1/Nrf2 signal cascade, which were confirmed in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice model under the combination therapy of the MenSCs-Exo and let-7 inhibitor. Collectively, MenSCs derived exosomes could transmit miR-let-7 into MLE-12 cells to inhibit the expression of Sp3, thereby weakening the recruitment effect of Sp3 on HDAC2, lifting the deacetylation restriction of HDAC2 on Nrf2, and enhancing the Nrf2 pathway. These changes further declined ferroptosis and delayed the pathological process of oxidative damage and lung epithelial cell apoptosis in PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Sun
- Department of Tuberculosis, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, PR China; Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, PR China
| | - Xinxin He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, PR China
| | - Jiao Kong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Yunguang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, PR China.
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7
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Manie MF, Fawzy HM, El-Sayed ESM. Hydroxytyrosol Alleviates Methotrexate-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats: Involvement of TGF-β1, Tissue Factor, and VEGF. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:303-310. [PMID: 38281774 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an indispensable drug used for the treatment of many autoimmune and cancerous diseases. However, its clinical use is associated with serious side effects, such as lung fibrosis. The main objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that hydroxytyrosol (HT) can mitigate MTX-induced lung fibrosis in rats while synergizing MTX anticancer effects. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in the rats using MTX (14 mg/kg/week, per os (p.o.)). The rats were treated with or without HT (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/d p.o.) or dexamethasone (DEX; 0.5 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) for two weeks concomitantly with MTX. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-4 (IL-4), thromboxane A2 (TXA2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG), tissue factor (TF) and fibrin were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. Pulmonary fibrosis was manifested by an excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and a marked increase in TGF-β1 and IL-4 in lung tissues. Furthermore, cotreatment with HT or dexamethasone (DEX) significantly attenuated MTX-induced ECM deposition, TGF-β1, and IL-4 expression. Similarly, HT or DEX notably reduced hydroxyproline contents, TXA2, fibrin, and TF expression in lung tissues. Moreover, using HT or DEX downregulated the gene expression of TF. A significant decrease in lung contents of VEGF, IL-8, and 8-OHdG was also observed in HT + MTX- or DEX + MTX -treated animals in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, the results of our study suggest that HT might represent a potential protective agent against MTX-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Manie
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly known as National Organization for Drug Control and Research
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly known as National Organization for Drug Control and Research
| | - El-Sayed M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University
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8
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Amin R, Pandey R, Vaishali K, Acharya V, Sinha MK, Kumar N. Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Interstitial Lung Disease: An Exploratory Review on Molecular Mechanisms. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:618-633. [PMID: 37587813 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230816090112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) are characterized by shortness of breath caused by alveolar wall inflammation and/or fibrosis. OBJECTIVE Our review aims to study the depth of various variants of ILD, diagnostic procedures, pathophysiology, molecular dysfunction and regulation, subject and objective assessment techniques, pharmacological intervention, exercise training and various modes of delivery for rehabilitation. METHOD Articles are reviewed from PubMed and Scopus and search engines. RESULTS ILD is a rapidly progressing disease with a high mortality rate. Each variant has its own set of causal agents and expression patterns. Patients often find it challenging to self-manage due to persistent symptoms and a rapid rate of worsening. The present review elaborated on the pathophysiology, risk factors, molecular mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutic approaches for ILD will guide future requirements in the quest for innovative and tailored ILD therapies at the molecular and cellular levels. CONCLUSION The review highlights the rationale for conventional and novel therapeutic approaches for better management of ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati Amin
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - K Vaishali
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vishak Acharya
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Sinha
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
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9
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Hua R, Gao H, He C, Xin S, Wang B, Zhang S, Gao L, Tao Q, Wu W, Sun F, Xu J. An emerging view on vascular fibrosis molecular mediators and relevant disorders: from bench to bed. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1273502. [PMID: 38179503 PMCID: PMC10764515 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1273502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular fibrosis is a widespread pathologic condition that arises during vascular remodeling in cardiovascular dysfunctions. According to previous studies, vascular fibrosis is characterized by endothelial matrix deposition and vascular wall thickening. The RAAS and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways have been frequently highlighted. It is, however, far from explicit in terms of understanding the cause and progression of vascular fibrosis. In this review, we collected and categorized a large number of molecules which influence the fibrosing process, in order to acquire a better understanding of vascular fibrosis, particularly of pathologic dysfunction. Furthermore, several mediators that prevent vascular fibrosis are discussed in depth in this review, with the aim that this will contribute to the future prevention and treatment of related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Hua
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengwei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzi Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Boya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Tao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Experimental Center for Morphological Research Platform, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangling Sun
- Department of Experimental Animal Laboratory, Xuan-Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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10
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Rangarajan S. ANT1 and the SASP: Beyond the Bioenergetic Void. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:495-496. [PMID: 37579125 PMCID: PMC10633844 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0264ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sunad Rangarajan
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora, Colorado
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11
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Harrington JS, Ryter SW, Plataki M, Price DR, Choi AMK. Mitochondria in health, disease, and aging. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2349-2422. [PMID: 37021870 PMCID: PMC10393386 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00058.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are well known as organelles responsible for the maintenance of cellular bioenergetics through the production of ATP. Although oxidative phosphorylation may be their most important function, mitochondria are also integral for the synthesis of metabolic precursors, calcium regulation, the production of reactive oxygen species, immune signaling, and apoptosis. Considering the breadth of their responsibilities, mitochondria are fundamental for cellular metabolism and homeostasis. Appreciating this significance, translational medicine has begun to investigate how mitochondrial dysfunction can represent a harbinger of disease. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of mitochondrial metabolism, cellular bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns, mitochondria-mediated cell death pathways, and how mitochondrial dysfunction at any of these levels is associated with disease pathogenesis. Mitochondria-dependent pathways may thereby represent an attractive therapeutic target for ameliorating human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Harrington
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | | | - Maria Plataki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - David R Price
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
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12
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Singh S, Wairkar S. Long-circulating thiolated chitosan nanoparticles of nintedanib with N-acetyl cysteine for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: In vitro assessment of cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and antifibrotic potential. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123322. [PMID: 37591474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Nintedanib (NIN) is one of the FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aimed to formulate a long-circulating injection of Nintedanib to treat bedridden patients with IPF. Nintedanib was incorporated into chitosan nanoparticles (NIN-NP) via the ionic gelation method, and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a known antioxidant and mucolytic agent, was added to the NIN-NP (NAC-NIN-NP). The lyophilized formulation had a particle size of 174 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.511, and a zeta potential of 18.6 mV. The spherical nanoparticles were observed in transmission electron microscopy, whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy showed irregular clusters of NP. The thiolation of the chitosan in NAC-NIN-NP was confirmed by ATR-FTIR and NMR, which improved drug release profiles showing >90 % drug release that was 2.42-folds greater than NIN-NP lasting for five days. The DPPH assay showed that adding NAC increased the % inhibition of oxidation in blank-NP (from 54.59 % to 87.17 %) and NIN-NP (58.65 %-89.19 %). The MTT assay on A549 cells showed 67.57 % cell viability by NAC-NIN-NP with an IC50 value of 28 μg/mL. The NAC formulation reduced hydroxyproline content (56.77 μg/mL) compared to NIN-NP (69.48 μg/mL) in WI-38 cell lines. Meanwhile, the healthy cells count with NAC-NIN-NP was higher (5.104 × 103) than with NIN-NP (4.878 × 103). In Hoechst staining, no significant damage to DNA was observed by the drug or formulation. Therefore, NAC-NIN-NP could be a promising treatment option for IPF patients and can be studied further clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanskriti Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India.
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13
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Shandu NM, Mathunjwa ML, Shaw I, Shaw BS. Exercise Effects on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), Muscular Function, Cardiorespiratory Function, and Body Composition in Smokers: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6813. [PMID: 37835083 PMCID: PMC10572451 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is amongst the leading global threats with high incidences of preventable premature mortality, morbidity, and various chronic diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) proclaims a decrease in the prevalence of daily smoking in both males and females from 1980 to 2012, however, the number of regular smokers since then has exponentially increased. The low socio-income status individuals contribute greatly towards tobacco-attributable diseases due to limited access to healthcare systems, mostly in developing countries as compared to developed countries. Smoking affects the optimal functioning of the human body, which results in altered body system processes. Although a high intake of nicotine can lead to prolonged adherence and dependence on smoking, other factors, such as an individual's level of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), stress, depression, and anxiety, can produce similar effects. Smoking has a wide impact on lifestyle factors, which explains the increase in the number of sedentary smokers with decreased health fitness levels and poor lifestyle conditions. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the exercise effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), muscular function, cardiorespiratory function, and body composition in smokers. Concurrently, exercise as an intervention has been sourced as a rehabilitation strategy during smoking cessation programmes to restore the diminishing health components, however, a high rate of relapse occurs due to intolerable withdrawal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nduduzo Msizi Shandu
- Department of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
| | - Musa Lewis Mathunjwa
- Department of Human Movement Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
| | - Ina Shaw
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Science, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK; (I.S.); (B.S.S.)
| | - Brandon Stuwart Shaw
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Science, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK; (I.S.); (B.S.S.)
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Huang T, Lin R, Su Y, Sun H, Zheng X, Zhang J, Lu X, Zhao B, Jiang X, Huang L, Li N, Shi J, Fan X, Xu D, Zhang T, Gao J. Efficient intervention for pulmonary fibrosis via mitochondrial transfer promoted by mitochondrial biogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5781. [PMID: 37723135 PMCID: PMC10507082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of exogenous mitochondria to replenish damaged mitochondria has been proposed as a strategy for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. However, the success of this strategy is partially restricted by the difficulty of supplying sufficient mitochondria to diseased cells. Herein, we report the generation of high-powered mesenchymal stem cells with promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and facilitated mitochondrial transfer to injured lung cells by the sequential treatment of pioglitazone and iron oxide nanoparticles. This highly efficient mitochondrial transfer is shown to not only restore mitochondrial homeostasis but also reactivate inhibited mitophagy, consequently recovering impaired cellular functions. We perform studies in mouse to show that these high-powered mesenchymal stem cells successfully mitigate fibrotic progression in a progressive fibrosis model, which was further verified in a humanized multicellular lung spheroid model. The present findings provide a potential strategy to overcome the current limitations in mitochondrial replenishment therapy, thereby promoting therapeutic applications for fibrotic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqin Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xixi Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baiqin Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinchi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ni Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315041, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, 314102, Jiaxing, China
| | - Donghang Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Saha P, Talwar P. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF): disease pathophysiology, targets, and potential therapeutic interventions. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04845-6. [PMID: 37707699 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, degenerative pulmonary condition. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are the major modulators of IPF that mediate myofibroblast differentiation and promote fibrotic remodeling of the lung. Cigarette smoke, asbestos fiber, drugs, and radiation are known to favor fibrotic remodeling of the lungs. Oxidative stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also leads to protein misfolding and promotes ER stress, which is predominant in IPF. This phenomenon further results in excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) aggregation, increasing oxidative stress. During protein folding in the ER, thiol groups on the cysteine residue are oxidized and disulfide bonds are formed, which leads to the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a by-product. With the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, multiple signaling cascades are initiated by the cell, collectively termed as the unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR also induces ROS production within the ER and mitochondria and promotes both pro-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways. The prevalence of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) is 44.9%, along with an alarming increase in "Coronavirus Disease 2019" (COVID-19) comorbidities. Fibrotic airway remodeling and declined lung function are the common endpoints of SARS-CoV-2 infection and IPF. Flavonoids are available in our dietary supplements and exhibit medicinal properties. Apigenin is a flavonoid found in plants, including chamomile, thyme, parsley, garlic, guava, and broccoli, and regulates several cellular functions, such as oxidative stress, ER stress, and fibrotic responses. In this study, we focus on the IPF and COVID-19 pathogenesis and the potential role of Apigenin in addressing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Saha
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Priti Talwar
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Cala-Garcia JD, Medina-Rincon GJ, Sierra-Salas PA, Rojano J, Romero F. The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: New Perspectives for a Challenging Disease. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1237. [PMID: 37759636 PMCID: PMC10525741 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial biology has always been a relevant field in chronic diseases such as fibrosis or cancer in different organs of the human body, not to mention the strong association between mitochondrial dysfunction and aging. With the development of new technologies and the emergence of new methodologies in the last few years, the role of mitochondria in pulmonary chronic diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has taken an important position in the field. With this review, we will highlight the latest advances in mitochondrial research on pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on the role of the mitochondria in the aging lung, new proposals for mechanisms that support mitochondrial dysfunction as an important cause for IPF, mitochondrial dysfunction in different cell populations of the lung, and new proposals for treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan David Cala-Garcia
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | | | | | - Julio Rojano
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Freddy Romero
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
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17
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Albano GD, Montalbano AM, Gagliardo R, Profita M. Autophagy/Mitophagy in Airway Diseases: Impact of Oxidative Stress on Epithelial Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1217. [PMID: 37627282 PMCID: PMC10452925 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the key process by which the cell degrades parts of itself within the lysosomes. It maintains cell survival and homeostasis by removing molecules (particularly proteins), subcellular organelles, damaged cytoplasmic macromolecules, and by recycling the degradation products. The selective removal or degradation of mitochondria is a particular type of autophagy called mitophagy. Various forms of cellular stress (oxidative stress (OS), hypoxia, pathogen infections) affect autophagy by inducing free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation to promote the antioxidant response. Dysfunctional mechanisms of autophagy have been found in different respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and asthma, involving epithelial cells. Several existing clinically approved drugs may modulate autophagy to varying extents. However, these drugs are nonspecific and not currently utilized to manipulate autophagy in airway diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of different autophagic pathways with particular attention on the dysfunctional mechanisms of autophagy in the epithelial cells during asthma and COPD. Our aim is to further deepen and disclose the research in this direction to stimulate the develop of new and selective drugs to regulate autophagy for asthma and COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Daniela Albano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Section of Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.M.); (R.G.); (M.P.)
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18
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Lv L, Jiang H, Song D, Zhou X, Chen F, Ren L, Xie Y, Zeng M. Sirt3 improves monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by suppressing Acod1 expression. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:121. [PMID: 37468929 PMCID: PMC10354977 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed that Sirt3 deficiency is associated with several inflammatory responses. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and potential molecular mechanisms of Sirt3 in the inflammation induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. METHODS The Sirt3 expression level in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with gout was measured. Function and molecular mechanism of Sirt3 in MSU crystal-induced inflammation were investigated in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), C57BL/6 mouse, and Sirt3-/- mouse. RESULTS Sirt3 expression was decreased in the PBMCs of patients with gout. Sirt3 agonist (Viniferin) inhibited the acetylation levels of mitochondrial proteins including the SOD2 protein. RNA sequencing, bio-informatics analysis, RT-PCR, and Western blot demonstrated that Sirt3 could suppress the expression of Acod1 (Irg1), which plays an important role in gout. In BMDMs treated with palmitic acid (C16:0) plus MSU crystals, Acod1 knockdown repressed mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) over-production, macrophage migration, and mitochondrial fragmentation, and Acod1 improved AMPK activity. The over-expression of Acod1 did not significantly affect the level of itaconic acid, but greatly decreased the levels of some important intermediate metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These data indicate that Acod1 exerts a pro-inflammatory role in MSU crystal-induced inflammation and is independent of the metabolic level of itaconic acid. Sirt3 deficiency exacerbates inflammatory response induced by MSU crystals in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION The current study has shown that Sirt3 can alleviate the MSU crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting the expression of Acod1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi Lv
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Dianze Song
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Long Ren
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Nanchong City, 21# Bajiao Street, Nanchong, 637100, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongen Xie
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China.
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China.
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Nanchong City, 21# Bajiao Street, Nanchong, 637100, Sichuan, China.
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19
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El Agha E, Thannickal VJ. The lung mesenchyme in development, regeneration, and fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170498. [PMID: 37463440 DOI: 10.1172/jci170498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal cells are uniquely located at the interface between the epithelial lining and the stroma, allowing them to act as a signaling hub among diverse cellular compartments of the lung. During embryonic and postnatal lung development, mesenchyme-derived signals instruct epithelial budding, branching morphogenesis, and subsequent structural and functional maturation. Later during adult life, the mesenchyme plays divergent roles wherein its balanced activation promotes epithelial repair after injury while its aberrant activation can lead to pathological remodeling and fibrosis that are associated with multiple chronic pulmonary diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this Review, we discuss the involvement of the lung mesenchyme in various morphogenic, neomorphogenic, and dysmorphogenic aspects of lung biology and health, with special emphasis on lung fibroblast subsets and smooth muscle cells, intercellular communication, and intrinsic mesenchymal mechanisms that drive such physiological and pathophysiological events throughout development, homeostasis, injury repair, regeneration, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie El Agha
- Department of Medicine V, Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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20
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Li Y, Du Z, Li T, Ren X, Yu Y, Duan J, Sun Z. MitoQ ameliorates PM 2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis through regulating the mitochondria DNA homeostasis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138745. [PMID: 37088202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe pulmonary disease, and may related to PM2.5 exposure. Our study aims to explore the pathogenesis of PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and MitoQ protective effect in this process. Our results find that inflammatory cells aggregation and pulmonary fibrosis in mice lung after PM2.5 exposure. Moreover, Collagen I/III overproduction, EMT and TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway activation in mice lung and BEAS-2B after PM2.5 exposure. Fortunately, these changes were partially ameliorated after MitoQ treatment. Meanwhile, severe oxidative stress, mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance, overproduction of 8-oxoG (7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine), as well as the inhibition of SIRT3/OGG1 pathway have founded in mice lung or BEAS-2B after PM2.5 exposure, which were alleviated by MitoQ treatment. Collectively, our study found that oxidative stress, especially mitochondrial oxidative stress participates in the PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and MitoQ intervention had a protective effect on this progress. Moreover, mitochondrial DNA homeostasis might participate in the pulmonary fibrosis caused by PM2.5 exposure. Our study provides a novel pathogenesis of PM2.5-caused pulmonary fibrosis and a possible targeted therapy for the pulmonary diseases triggered by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Zhou Du
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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21
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Wei Y, Sun L, Liu C, Li L. Naringin regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitophagy through the ATF3/PINK1 signaling axis to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1155-1169. [PMID: 36688958 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease that is characterized by abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix remodeling, ultimately leading to respiratory insufficiency or even death. Naringin (Nar), a natural compound derived from grapefruit and citrus fruits, has several pharmacological activities that are associated with therapeutic benefits for IPF. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying its pulmonary tissue-protective effects remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Nar on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitophagy. A bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse model of IPF was established for treatment with different doses of Nar. Histopathological changes in the lung were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining. The extent of fibrosis was determined by measuring hydroxyproline and collagen expression levels. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress indicators were determined by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and biochemical kits. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the expression levels of the mitophagy-related markers. Cell apoptosis was estimated by western blot and TUNEL staining. Nar reduced the levels of inflammatory response, oxidative stress and decreased the proportion of apoptosis. Nar also inhibited the expression of the ERS and mitophagy-related genes and ERS-downstream proteins, thereby activating transcription factor (ATF) 3 and inhibiting the transcription of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1). Taken together, Nar is a promising therapeutic agent for treating IPF via inhibiting ERS, reducing apoptosis, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, all of which may be associated with the regulation of the ATF3/PINK1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Aoshanwei Hospital of Qingdao Jimo District, Qingdao, 266235, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4th Renmin Road, Qingdao, 266013, China.
| | - Lujia Li
- Department of Health Care, People's Liberation Army Navy 971 Hospital, Shandong Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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22
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Polypropylene nanoplastic exposure leads to lung inflammation through p38-mediated NF-κB pathway due to mitochondrial damage. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:2. [PMID: 36624477 PMCID: PMC9829531 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polypropylene (PP) is used in various products such as disposable containers, spoons, and automobile parts. The disposable masks used for COVID-19 prevention mainly comprise PP, and the disposal of such masks is concerning because of the potential environmental pollution. Recent reports have suggested that weathered PP microparticles can be inhaled, however, the inhalation toxicology of PP microparticles is poorly understood. RESULTS Inflammatory cell numbers, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in PP-instilled mice (2.5 or 5 mg/kg) increased significantly compared to with those in the control. Histopathological analysis of the lung tissue of PP-stimulated mice revealed lung injuries, including the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the perivascular/parenchymal space, alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, and foamy macrophage aggregates. The in vitro study indicated that PP stimulation causes mitochondrial dysfunction including mitochondrial depolarization and decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. PP stimulation led to cytotoxicity, ROS production, increase of inflammatory cytokines, and cell deaths in A549 cells. The results showed that PP stimulation increased the p-p38 and p-NF-κB protein levels both in vivo and in vitro, while p-ERK and p-JNK remained unchanged. Interestingly, the cytotoxicity that was induced by PP exposure was regulated by p38 and ROS inhibition in A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that PP stimulation may contribute to inflammation pathogenesis via the p38 phosphorylation-mediated NF-κB pathway as a result of mitochondrial damage.
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Klochkova A, Fuller AD, Miller R, Karami AL, Panchani SR, Natarajan S, Mu A, Jackson JL, Klein-Szanto AJ, Muir AB, Whelan KA. A role for age-associated alterations in esophageal epithelium in eosinophilic esophagitis-associated fibrosis. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:983412. [PMID: 36591561 PMCID: PMC9798296 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.983412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Subepithelial fibrosis occurs in a subset of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) patients and is associated with esophageal stricture. While mechanisms driving EoE fibrosis remain incompletely understood, findings from experimental systems support roles for epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk in this type of tissue remodeling. The current paradigm presents EoE as a progressive fibrostenotic disease in which aged patients develop fibrosis as a function of disease chronicity. In the current study we provide evidence that altered epithelial biology in the aging esophagus may also contribute to EoE-associated fibrosis. We find that induction of EoE inflammation in young and aged mice using the MC903/Ovalbumin protocol for the same time period results in increased lamina propria thickness uniquely in aged animals. Additionally, epithelial cells from aged mice less efficiently limit fibroblast contractility in collagen plug contraction assays compared to those from their young counterparts. Finally, to identify potential mechanisms through which aged esophageal epithelial cells may stimulate fibrotic remodeling, we perform cytokine array experiments in young and aged mice. These studies are significant as identification of age-associated factors that contribute to fibrotic remodeling may aid in the design of strategies toward early detection, prevention, and therapy of fibrostenotic EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Klochkova
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Annie D. Fuller
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Riley Miller
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adam L. Karami
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Surali R. Panchani
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shruthi Natarajan
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Anbin Mu
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jazmyne L. Jackson
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Amanda B. Muir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kelly A. Whelan
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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24
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Coenzyme Q10: Role in Less Common Age-Related Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112293. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article we have reviewed the potential role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the pathogenesis and treatment of a number of less common age-related disorders, for many of which effective therapies are not currently available. For most of these disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation have been implicated in the disease process, providing a rationale for the potential therapeutic use of CoQ10, because of its key roles in mitochondrial function, as an antioxidant, and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Disorders reviewed in the article include multi system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, sporadic adult onset ataxia, and pulmonary fibrosis, together with late onset versions of Huntington’s disease, Alexander disease, lupus, anti-phospholipid syndrome, lysosomal storage disorders, fibromyalgia, Machado-Joseph disease, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, and Leber’s optic neuropathy.
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25
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Aghali A, Khalfaoui L, Lagnado AB, Drake LY, Teske JJ, Pabelick CM, Passos JF, Prakash YS. Cellular senescence is increased in airway smooth muscle cells of elderly persons with asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L558-L568. [PMID: 36166734 PMCID: PMC9639764 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00146.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells can drive age-related tissue dysfunction partially via a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) involving proinflammatory and profibrotic factors. Cellular senescence has been associated with a structural and functional decline during normal lung aging and age-related diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Asthma in the elderly (AIE) represents a major healthcare burden. AIE is associated with bronchial airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling, which involves increased cell proliferation and higher rates of fibrosis, and resistant to standard therapy. Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells play a major role in asthma such as remodeling via modulation of inflammation and the extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Whether senescent ASM cells accumulate in AIE and contribute to airway structural or functional changes is unknown. Lung tissues from elderly persons with asthma showed greater airway fibrosis compared with age-matched elderly persons with nonasthma and young age controls. Lung tissue or isolated ASM cells from elderly persons with asthma showed increased expression of multiple senescent markers including phospho-p53, p21, telomere-associated foci (TAF), as well as multiple SASP components. Senescence and SASP components were also increased with aging per se. These data highlight the presence of cellular senescence in AIE that may contribute to airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbi Aghali
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Latifa Khalfaoui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony B. Lagnado
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Li Y. Drake
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jacob J. Teske
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - João F. Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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26
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Mohammadi A, Higazy R, Gauda EB. PGC-1α activity and mitochondrial dysfunction in preterm infants. Front Physiol 2022; 13:997619. [PMID: 36225305 PMCID: PMC9548560 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.997619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) are born in a relatively hyperoxic environment with weak antioxidant defenses, placing them at high risk for mitochondrial dysfunction affecting multiple organ systems including the nervous, respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal systems. The brain and lungs are highly affected by mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulation in the neonate, causing white matter injury (WMI) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), respectively. Adequate mitochondrial function is important in providing sufficient energy for organ development as it relates to alveolarization and axonal myelination and decreasing oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) detoxification. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is at the root of WMI and BPD pathobiology, exploring therapies that can regulate PGC-1α activity may be beneficial. This review article describes several promising therapeutic agents that can mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction through direct and indirect activation and upregulation of the PGC-1α pathway. Metformin, resveratrol, omega 3 fatty acids, montelukast, L-citrulline, and adiponectin are promising candidates that require further pre-clinical and clinical studies to understand their efficacy in decreasing the burden of disease from WMI and BPD in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Mohammadi
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Randa Higazy
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Estelle B. Gauda
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Estelle B. Gauda,
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Rangarajan S, Locy ML, Chanda D, Kurundkar A, Kurundkar D, Larson‐Casey JL, Londono P, Bagchi RA, Deskin B, Elajaili H, Nozik ES, Deshane JS, Zmijewski JW, Eickelberg O, Thannickal VJ. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 reprograms metabolism to induce oxidative stress and myofibroblast senescence in age-associated lung fibrosis. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13674. [PMID: 35934931 PMCID: PMC9470902 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with age-related diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We provide evidence that implicates chronic elevation of the mitochondrial anion carrier protein, uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2), in increased generation of reactive oxygen species, altered redox state and cellular bioenergetics, impaired fatty acid oxidation, and induction of myofibroblast senescence. This pro-oxidant senescence reprogramming occurs in concert with conventional actions of UCP2 as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation with dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential. UCP2 is highly expressed in human IPF lung myofibroblasts and in aged fibroblasts. In an aging murine model of lung fibrosis, the in vivo silencing of UCP2 induces fibrosis regression. These studies indicate a pro-fibrotic function of UCP2 in chronic lung disease and support its therapeutic targeting in age-related diseases associated with impaired tissue regeneration and organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunad Rangarajan
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Morgan L. Locy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Diptiman Chanda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Ashish Kurundkar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Deepali Kurundkar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jennifer L. Larson‐Casey
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Pilar Londono
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Rushita A. Bagchi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Brian Deskin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Hanan Elajaili
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Eva S. Nozik
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Jessy S. Deshane
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jaroslaw W. Zmijewski
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Victor J. Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
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28
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Saito S, Deskin B, Rehan M, Yadav S, Matsunaga Y, Lasky JA, Thannickal VJ. Novel mediators of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1229-1240. [PMID: 36043396 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis involving the lung may occur in many settings, including in association with known environmental agents, connective tissue diseases, and exposure to drugs or radiation therapy. The most common form is referred to as 'idiopathic' since a causal agent or specific association has not been determined; the strongest risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is aging. Emerging studies indicate that targeting certain components of aging biology may be effective in mitigating age-associated fibrosis. While transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a central mediator of fibrosis in almost all contexts, and across multiple organs, it is not feasible to target this canonical pathway at the ligand-receptor level due to the pleiotropic nature of its actions; importantly, its homeostatic roles as a tumor-suppressor and immune-modulator make this an imprudent strategy. However, defining targets downstream of its receptor(s) that mediate fibrogenesis, while relatively dispenable for tumor- and immune-suppressive functions may aid in developing safer and more effective therapies. In this review, we explore molecular targets that, although TGF-β1 induced/activated, may be relatively more selective in mediating tissue fibrosis. Additionally, we explore epigenetic mechanisms with global effects on the fibrogenic process, as well as metabolic pathways that regulate aging and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Saito
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A, and the Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
| | - Brian Deskin
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A, and the Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
| | - Mohammad Rehan
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A, and the Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
| | - Santosh Yadav
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A, and the Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
| | - Yasuka Matsunaga
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A, and the Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
| | - Joseph A Lasky
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A, and the Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A, and the Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, U.S.A
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29
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Fukumoto J, Lin M, Banday MM, Patil SS, Krishnamurthy S, Breitzig M, Soundararajan R, Galam L, Narala VR, Johns C, Patel K, Dunning J, Lockey RF, Sharma NS, Kolliputi N. Aberrant Expression of ACO1 in Vasculatures Parallels Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:890380. [PMID: 35910393 PMCID: PMC9335372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. However, details about the non-mitochondrial enzymes that sustain the proliferative nature of IPF are unclear. Aconitases are a family of enzymes that sustain metabolism inside and outside mitochondria. It is hypothesized that aconitase 1 (ACO1) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IPF given that ACO1 represents an important metabolic hub in the cytoplasm. Objectives: To determine if ACO1 expression in IPF lungs shows specific patterns that may be important in the pathogenesis of IPF. To determine the similarities and differences in ACO1 expression in IPF, bleomycin-treated, and aging lungs. Methods: ACO1 expression in IPF lungs were characterized and compared to non-IPF controls by western blotting, immunostaining, and enzymatic activity assay. ACO1-expressing cell types were identified by multicolor immunostaining. Using similar methods, the expression profiles of ACO1 in IPF lungs versus bleomycin-treated and aged mice were investigated. Measurements and main results: Lower lobes of IPF lungs, unlike non-IPF controls, exhibit significantly high levels of ACO1. Most of the signals colocalize with von Willebrand factor (vWF), a lineage marker for vascular endothelial cells. Bleomycin-treated lungs also show high ACO1 expressions. However, most of the signals colocalize with E-cadherin and/or prosurfactant protein C, representative epithelial cell markers, in remodeled areas. Conclusions: A characteristic ACO1 expression profile observed in IPF vasculatures may be a promising diagnostic target. It also may give clues as to how de novo angiogenesis contributes to the irreversible nature of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutaro Fukumoto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Muling Lin
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mudassir Meraj Banday
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sahebgowda Sidramagowda Patil
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Sudarshan Krishnamurthy
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Mason Breitzig
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ramani Soundararajan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Lakshmi Galam
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Venkata Ramireddy Narala
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Zoology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, India
| | - Colleen Johns
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Kapilkumar Patel
- Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Advanced Lung Diseases & Lung Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - John Dunning
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Richard F. Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Nirmal S. Sharma
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Nirmal S. Sharma, ; Narasaiah Kolliputi,
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Nirmal S. Sharma, ; Narasaiah Kolliputi,
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Cadena-Suárez AR, Hernández-Hernández HA, Alvarado-Vásquez N, Rangel-Escareño C, Sommer B, Negrete-García MC. Role of MicroRNAs in Signaling Pathways Associated with the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Focus on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126613. [PMID: 35743055 PMCID: PMC9224458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive disease with high mortality and unclear etiology. Previous evidence supports that the origin of this disease is associated with epigenetic alterations, age, and environmental factors. IPF initiates with chronic epithelial lung injuries, followed by basal membrane destruction, which promotes the activation of myofibroblasts and excessive synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Due to miRNAs’ role as regulators of apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and cell-cell interaction processes, some studies have involved miRNAs in the biogenesis and progression of IPF. In this context, the analysis and discussion of the probable association of miRNAs with the signaling pathways involved in the development of IPF would improve our knowledge of the associated molecular mechanisms, thereby facilitating its evaluation as a therapeutic target for this severe lung disease. In this work, the most recent publications evaluating the role of miRNAs as regulators or activators of signal pathways associated with the pathogenesis of IPF were analyzed. The search in Pubmed was made using the following terms: “miRNAs and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)”; “miRNAs and IPF and signaling pathways (SP)”; and “miRNAs and IPF and SP and IPF pathogenesis”. Additionally, we focus mainly on those works where the signaling pathways involved with EMT, fibroblast differentiation, and synthesis of ECM components were assessed. Finally, the importance and significance of miRNAs as potential therapeutic or diagnostic tools for the treatment of IPF are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ruth Cadena-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calz. Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.R.C.-S.); (H.A.H.-H.)
| | - Hilda Arely Hernández-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calz. Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.R.C.-S.); (H.A.H.-H.)
| | - Noé Alvarado-Vásquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calz. Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Claudia Rangel-Escareño
- Departamento de Genomica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
- Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Epigmenio González 500, San Pablo 76130, Mexico
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calz. Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - María Cristina Negrete-García
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calz. Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.R.C.-S.); (H.A.H.-H.)
- Correspondence:
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31
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Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Breaking the Bridge. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116064. [PMID: 35682743 PMCID: PMC9181498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CTGF is upregulated in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), characterized by the deposition of a pathological extracellular matrix (ECM). Additionally, many omics studies confirmed that aberrant cellular senescence-associated mitochondria dysfunction and metabolic reprogramming had been identified in different IPF lung cells (alveolar epithelial cells, alveolar endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages). Here, we reviewed the role of the CTGF in IPF lung cells to mediate anomalous senescence-related metabolic mechanisms that support the fibrotic environment in IPF.
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32
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Bollenbecker S, Czaya B, Gutiérrez OM, Krick S. Lung-kidney interactions and their role in chronic kidney disease-associated pulmonary diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L625-L640. [PMID: 35272496 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00152.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic illnesses rarely present in a vacuum, devoid of other complications, and chronic kidney disease is hardly an exception. Comorbidities associated with chronic kidney disease lead to faster disease progression, expedited dialysis dependency, and a higher mortality rate. Although chronic kidney disease is most commonly accompanied by cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, there is clear cross talk between the lungs and kidneys pH balance, phosphate metabolism, and immune system regulation. Our present understanding of the exact underlying mechanisms that contribute to chronic kidney disease-related pulmonary disease is poor. This review summarizes the current research on kidney-pulmonary interorgan cross talk in the context of chronic kidney disease, highlighting various acute and chronic pulmonary diseases that lead to further complications in patient care. Treatment options for patients presenting with chronic kidney disease and lung disease are explored by assessing activated molecular pathways and the body's compensatory response mechanisms following homeostatic imbalance. Understanding the link between the lungs and kidneys will potentially improve health outcomes for patients and guide healthcare professionals to better understand how and when to treat each of the pulmonary comorbidities that can present with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Bollenbecker
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Brian Czaya
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Orlando M Gutiérrez
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Stefanie Krick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Melin N, Yarahmadov T, Sanchez-Taltavull D, Birrer FE, Brodie TM, Petit B, Felser A, Nuoffer JM, Montani M, Vozenin MC, Herrmann E, Candinas D, Aebersold DM, Stroka D. A new mouse model of radiation-induced liver disease reveals mitochondrial dysfunction as an underlying fibrotic stimulus. JHEP REPORTS : INNOVATION IN HEPATOLOGY 2022; 4:100508. [PMID: 35712694 PMCID: PMC9192810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gu X, Long Q, Wei W, Tong J, Li Z, Zhang Z, Jiao Y. Number 2 Feibi Recipe Inhibits H 2O 2-Mediated Oxidative Stress Damage of Alveolar Epithelial Cells by Regulating the Balance of Mitophagy/Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:830554. [PMID: 35370684 PMCID: PMC8968876 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.830554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury and apoptosis are considered to be the initiating link of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and protecting AECs can alleviate IPF. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of number 2 Feibi recipe (FBR-2) medicated serum on H2O2-mediated oxidative stress injury in AECs and further explore its mechanism. We found that FBR-2 can regulate downstream antioxidant enzymes expression by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), reducing the level of intracellular ROS, protecting mitochondrial function and improving cell survival. FBR-2 can also activate mitophagy through the PINK1/Parkin pathway. Moreover, FBR-2 can inhibit apoptosis by blocking the mitochondrial apoptosis mechanism. In summary, these data indicate that FBR-2 medicated serum can inhibit H2O2-mediated oxidative stress damage in AECs by regulating the balance of mitophagy/apoptosis. This study provides new evidence for the antifibrotic effect of FBR-2 and provides new drug candidates for the clinical treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Gu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahuan Tong
- Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengju Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Respiratory, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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35
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Estornut C, Milara J, Bayarri MA, Belhadj N, Cortijo J. Targeting Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Approach for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794997. [PMID: 35126133 PMCID: PMC8815729 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by an abnormal reepithelialisation, an excessive tissue remodelling and a progressive fibrosis within the alveolar wall that are not due to infection or cancer. Oxidative stress has been proposed as a key molecular process in pulmonary fibrosis development and different components of the redox system are altered in the cellular actors participating in lung fibrosis. To this respect, several activators of the antioxidant machinery and inhibitors of the oxidant species and pathways have been assayed in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models and in different clinical trials. This review discusses the role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of IPF and its underlying mechanisms as well as the evidence of oxidative stress in human IPF. Finally, we analyze the mechanism of action, the efficacy and the current status of different drugs developed to inhibit the oxidative stress as anti-fibrotic therapy in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Estornut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Cristina Estornut, ; Javier Milara,
| | - Javier Milara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Cristina Estornut, ; Javier Milara,
| | - María Amparo Bayarri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nada Belhadj
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
- Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain
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Suliman HB, Healy Z, Zobi F, Kraft BD, Welty-Wolf K, Smith J, Barkauskas C, Piantadosi CA. Nuclear respiratory factor-1 negatively regulates TGF-β1 and attenuates pulmonary fibrosis. iScience 2022; 25:103535. [PMID: 34977500 PMCID: PMC8683592 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The preclinical model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis is useful to study mechanisms related to human pulmonary fibrosis. Using BLM in mice, we find low HO-1 expression. Although a unique Rhenium-CO-releasing molecule (ReCORM) up-regulates HO-1, NRF-1, CCN5, and SMAD7, it reduces TGFβ1, TGFβr1, collagen, α-SMA, and phosphorylated Smad2/3 levels in mouse lung and in human lung fibroblasts. ChIP assay studies confirm NRF-1 binding to the promoters of TGFβ1 repressors CCN5 and Smad7. ReCORM did not blunt lung fibrosis in Hmox1-deficient alveolar type 2 cell knockout mice, suggesting this gene participates in lung protection. In human lung fibroblasts, TGFβ1-dependent production of α-SMA is abolished by ReCORM or by NRF-1 gene transfection. We demonstrate effective HO-1/NRF-1 signaling in lung AT2 cells protects against BLM induced lung injury and fibrosis by maintaining mitochondrial health, function, and suppressing the TGFβ1 pathway. Thus, protection of AT2 cell mitochondrial integrity via HO-1/NRF-1 presents an innovative therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagir B. Suliman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zachary Healy
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Fabio Zobi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bryan D. Kraft
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Karen Welty-Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joshua Smith
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christina Barkauskas
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Claude A. Piantadosi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 200 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Hathaway QA, Majumder N, Goldsmith WT, Kunovac A, Pinti MV, Harkema JR, Castranova V, Hollander JM, Hussain S. Transcriptomics of single dose and repeated carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure highlight progressive pulmonary mitochondrial dysfunction. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:44. [PMID: 34911549 PMCID: PMC8672524 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a complex mixture of particles and gases, yet current regulations are based on single toxicant levels failing to consider potential interactive outcomes of co-exposures. We examined transcriptomic changes after inhalation co-exposure to a particulate and a gaseous component of air pollution and hypothesized that co-exposure would induce significantly greater impairments to mitochondrial bioenergetics. A whole-body inhalation exposure to ultrafine carbon black (CB), and ozone (O3) was performed, and the impact of single and multiple exposures was studied at relevant deposition levels. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CB (10 mg/m3) and/or O3 (2 ppm) for 3 h (either a single exposure or four independent exposures). RNA was isolated from lungs and mRNA sequencing performed using the Illumina HiSeq. Lung pathology was evaluated by histology and immunohistochemistry. Electron transport chain (ETC) activities, electron flow, hydrogen peroxide production, and ATP content were assessed. RESULTS Compared to individual exposure groups, co-exposure induced significantly greater neutrophils and protein levels in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid as well as a significant increase in mRNA expression of oxidative stress and inflammation related genes. Similarly, a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide production was observed after co-exposure. After single and four exposures, co-exposure revealed a greater number of differentially expressed genes (2251 and 4072, respectively). Of these genes, 1188 (single exposure) and 2061 (four exposures) were uniquely differentially expressed, with 35 mitochondrial ETC mRNA transcripts significantly impacted after four exposures. Both O3 and co-exposure treatment significantly reduced ETC maximal activity for complexes I (- 39.3% and - 36.2%, respectively) and IV (- 55.1% and - 57.1%, respectively). Only co-exposure reduced ATP Synthase activity (- 35.7%) and total ATP content (30%). Further, the ability for ATP Synthase to function is limited by reduced electron flow (- 25%) and translation of subunits, such as ATP5F1, following co-exposure. CONCLUSIONS CB and O3 co-exposure cause unique transcriptomic changes in the lungs that are characterized by functional deficits to mitochondrial bioenergetics. Alterations to ATP Synthase function and mitochondrial electron flow underly a pathological adaptation to lung injury induced by co-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quincy A Hathaway
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nairrita Majumder
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA
| | - Amina Kunovac
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mark V Pinti
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Vince Castranova
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John M Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA.
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Caldeira DDAF, Weiss DJ, Rocco PRM, Silva PL, Cruz FF. Mitochondria in Focus: From Function to Therapeutic Strategies in Chronic Lung Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:782074. [PMID: 34887870 PMCID: PMC8649841 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.782074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for cell metabolism, growth, and function. Mitochondria in lung cells have important roles in regulating surfactant production, mucociliary function, mucus secretion, senescence, immunologic defense, and regeneration. Disruption in mitochondrial physiology can be the central point in several pathophysiologic pathways of chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and asthma. In this review, we summarize how mitochondria morphology, dynamics, redox signaling, mitophagy, and interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum are involved in chronic lung diseases and highlight strategies focused on mitochondrial therapy (mito-therapy) that could be tested as a potential therapeutic target for lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayene de Assis Fernandes Caldeira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Patricia Rieken Macêdo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferreira Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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39
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Li S, Zhang H, Chang J, Li D, Cao P. Iron overload and mitochondrial dysfunction orchestrate pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174613. [PMID: 34740581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive heterogeneous disease of lung tissues with poor lung function caused by scar tissue. Due to our limited understanding of its mechanism, there is currently no treatment strategy that can prevent the development of PF. In recent years, iron accumulation and mitochondrial damage have been reported to participate in PF, and drugs that reduce iron content and improve mitochondrial function have shown significant efficacy in animal experimental models. Excessive iron leads to mitochondrial impairment, which may be the key cause that results in the dysfunction of various kinds of pulmonary cells and further promotes PF. As an emerging research hotspot, there are few targeted effective therapeutic strategies at present due to limited mechanistic understanding. In this review, the roles of iron homeostasis imbalance and mitochondrial damage in PF are summarized and discussed, highlighting a promising direction for finding truly effective therapeutics for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pengxiu Cao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050024, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Fang T, Yang J, Liu L, Xiao H, Wei X. Nicotinamide mononucleotide ameliorates senescence in alveolar epithelial cells. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:279-287. [PMID: 34766147 PMCID: PMC8491199 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial cells (ACEs) gradually senescent as aging, which is one of the main causes of respiratory defense and function decline. Investigating the mechanisms of ACE senescence is important for understanding how the human respiratory system works. NAD+ is reported to reduce during the aging process. Supplementing NAD+ intermediates can activate sirtuin deacylases (SIRT1–SIRT7), which regulates the benefits of exercise and dietary restriction, reduce the level of intracellular oxidative stress, and improve mitochondrial function, thereby reversing cell senescence. We showed that nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) could effectively mitigate age‐associated physiological decline in the lung of 8–10 months old C57BL/6 mice and bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in young mice of 6–8 weeks. Besides, the treatment of primary ACEs with NMN can markedly ameliorate cell senescence phenotype in vitro. These findings to improve the respiratory system function and reduce the incidence and mortality from respiratory diseases in the elderly are of great significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fang
- Department of CardiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jingyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduChina
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduChina
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- Lab of Aging Research and NanotoxicologyState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduChina
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Lab of Aging Research and NanotoxicologyState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation CenterChengduChina
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41
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Mitochonic acid-5 ameliorates chlorhexidine gluconate-induced peritoneal fibrosis in mice. Med Mol Morphol 2021; 55:27-40. [PMID: 34622315 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis, attributable to inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5), an indole-3-acetic acid derivative, improves mitochondrial dysfunction and has therapeutic potential against various diseases including kidney diseases. However, whether MA-5 is effective against peritoneal fibrosis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of MA-5 using a peritoneal fibrosis mouse model. Peritoneal fibrosis was induced in C57BL/6 mice via intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) every other day for 3 weeks. MA-5 was administered daily by oral gavage. The mice were divided into control, MA-5, CG, and CG + MA-5 groups. Following treatment, immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Fibrotic thickening of the parietal peritoneum induced by CG was substantially attenuated by MA-5. The number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts, transforming growth factor β-positive cells, F4/80-positive macrophages, monocyte chemotactic protein 1-positive cells, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-positive cells was considerably decreased. In addition, reduced ATP5a1-positive and uncoupling protein 2-positive cells in the CG group were notably increased by MA-5. MA-5 may ameliorate peritoneal fibrosis by suppressing macrophage infiltration and oxidative stress, thus restoring mitochondrial function. Overall, MA-5 has therapeutic potential against peritoneal fibrosis.
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Huang T, Zhang T, Jiang X, Li A, Su Y, Bian Q, Wu H, Lin R, Li N, Cao H, Ling D, Wang J, Tabata Y, Gu Z, Gao J. Iron oxide nanoparticles augment the intercellular mitochondrial transfer-mediated therapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj0534. [PMID: 34586849 PMCID: PMC8480934 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of mitochondria between cells has recently been revealed as a spontaneous way to protect the injured cells. However, the utilization of this natural transfer process for disease treatment is so far limited by its unsatisfactory transfer efficiency and selectivity. Here, we demonstrate that iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) can augment the intercellular mitochondrial transfer from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) selectively to diseased cells, owing to the enhanced formation of connexin 43–containing gap junctional channels triggered by ionized IONPs. In a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis, the IONP-engineered hMSCs achieve a remarkable mitigation of fibrotic progression because of the promoted intercellular mitochondrial transfer, with no serious safety issues identified. The present study reports a potential method of using IONPs to enable hMSCs for efficient and safe transfer of mitochondria to diseased cells to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinchi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ai Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanqin Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiong Bian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honghui Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruyi Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ni Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315041, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Daishun Ling
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Zhen Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Zhejiang, China
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Ung CY, Onoufriadis A, Parsons M, McGrath JA, Shaw TJ. Metabolic perturbations in fibrosis disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 139:106073. [PMID: 34461262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic changes occur in all forms of disease but their impact on fibrosis is a relatively recent area of interest. This review provides an overview of the major metabolic pathways, glycolysis, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, and highlights how they influence fibrosis at a cellular and tissue level, drawing on key discoveries in dermal, renal, pulmonary and hepatic fibrosis. The emerging influence of adipose tissue-derived cytokines is discussed and brings a link between fibrosis and systemic metabolism. To close, the concept of targeting metabolism for fibrotic therapy is reviewed, drawing on lessons from the more established field of cancer metabolism, with an emphasis on important considerations for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuin Ying Ung
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, SE19RT, UK.
| | | | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, SE11UL, UK.
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, SE19RT, UK.
| | - Tanya J Shaw
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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44
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Newton CA, Herzog EL. Molecular Markers and the Promise of Precision Medicine for Interstitial Lung Disease. Clin Chest Med 2021; 42:357-364. [PMID: 34024410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Management of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) requires accurate classification. However, this process relies on subjective interpretation of nonspecific and overlapping clinical features that could hamper clinical care. The development and implementation of objective biomarkers reflective of specific disease states could facilitate precision-based approaches based on patient-level biology to improve the health of ILD patients. Omics-based studies allow for the seemingly unbiased and highly efficient screening of candidate biomarkers and offer unprecedented opportunities for discovery. This review outlines representative major omics-based discoveries in a well-studied condition, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, to develop a roadmap to personalized medicine in ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad A Newton
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8558, USA.
| | - Erica L Herzog
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, 300 Cedar Street TAC441S, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, USA
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Yoon YM, Go G, Yoon S, Lim JH, Lee G, Lee JH, Lee SH. Melatonin Treatment Improves Renal Fibrosis via miR-4516/SIAH3/PINK1 Axis. Cells 2021; 10:1682. [PMID: 34359852 PMCID: PMC8307213 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation in mitophagy, in addition to contributing to imbalance in the mitochondrial dynamic, has been implicated in the development of renal fibrosis and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the current understanding of the precise mechanisms behind the pathogenic loss of mitophagy remains unclear for developing cures for CKD. We found that miR-4516 is downregulated and its target SIAH3, an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase that reduces PINK1 accumulation to damaged mitochondria, is upregulated in the renal cortex of CKD mice. Here, we demonstrated that melatonin injection induces miR-4516 expression and suppresses SIAH3, and promotes PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that melatonin injection attenuates the pathological features of CKD by improving mitochondrial homeostasis. Our data supports that mitochondrial autophagy regulation by activating miR-4516/SIAH3/PINK1 mitophagy signaling axis can be a viable new strategy for treating CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Min Yoon
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea;
| | - Gyeongyun Go
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (G.G.); (J.H.L.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21FOUR Project2, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Sungtae Yoon
- Stembio. Ltd., Entrepreneur 306, Soonchunhyang-ro 22, Sinchang-myeon, Asan 31538, Korea;
| | - Ji Ho Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (G.G.); (J.H.L.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21FOUR Project2, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Gaeun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (G.G.); (J.H.L.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21FOUR Project2, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Medical Science Research Institute, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (G.G.); (J.H.L.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21FOUR Project2, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- Stembio. Ltd., Entrepreneur 306, Soonchunhyang-ro 22, Sinchang-myeon, Asan 31538, Korea;
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46
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Trachalaki A, Tsitoura E, Mastrodimou S, Invernizzi R, Vasarmidi E, Bibaki E, Tzanakis N, Molyneaux PL, Maher TM, Antoniou K. Enhanced IL-1β Release Following NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasome Stimulation Is Linked to mtROS in Airway Macrophages in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:661811. [PMID: 34220810 PMCID: PMC8248801 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are complex disorders of variable clinical behaviour. The majority of them cause significant morbidity, whilst Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is recognised as the most relentless. NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes driving IL-1β release; a proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokine. Several pathogenetic factors associated with IPF are identified as inflammasome activators, including increases in mtROS and bacterial burden. Mitochondrial oxidation and alterations in bacterial burden in IPF and other ILDs may lead to augmented inflammasome activity in airway macrophages (AMs). IPF (n=14), non-IPF-ILDs (n=12) patients and healthy subjects (n=12) were prospectively recruited and AMs were isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage. IL-1β release resulting from NLRP3, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes stimulation in AMs were determined and baseline levels of mitochondrial ROS and microbial burden were also measured. Our results showed that NLRP3 was more inducible in IPF and other ILDs compared to controls. Additionally, following AIM2 activation IL-1β release was significantly higher in IPF compared to controls, whereas similar trends were observed in Non-IPF-ILDs. NLRC4 activation was similar across groups. mtROS was significantly associated with heightened NLRP3 and AIM2 activation, and mitochondrial antioxidant treatment limited inflammasome activation. Importantly, microbial burden was linked to baseline IL-1β release and AIM2 and IL-18 relative expression independently of mtROS. In conclusion, the above findings suggested a link between the overactivation of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes, driven by mitochondrial oxidation, in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis while changes in the microbiota may prime the inflammasome in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Trachalaki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eliza Tsitoura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Semeli Mastrodimou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Rachele Invernizzi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eirini Vasarmidi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleni Bibaki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tzanakis
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Philip L Molyneaux
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Toby M Maher
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katerina Antoniou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pneumonology, Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Baek SH, Foer D, Cahill KN, Israel E, Maiorino E, Röhl A, Boyce JA, Weiss ST. Systems Approaches to Treatment Response to Imatinib in Severe Asthma: A Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:240. [PMID: 33805900 PMCID: PMC8064376 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an acute need for advances in pharmacologic therapies and a better understanding of novel drug targets for severe asthma. Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to improve forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in a clinical trial of patients with severe asthma. In a pilot study, we applied systems biology approaches to epithelium gene expression from these clinical trial patients treated with imatinib to better understand lung function response with imatinib treatment. Bronchial brushings from ten imatinib-treated patient samples and 14 placebo-treated patient samples were analyzed. We used personalized perturbation profiles (PEEPs) to characterize gene expression patterns at the individual patient level. We found that strong responders-patients with greater than 20% increase in FEV1-uniquely shared multiple downregulated mitochondrial-related pathways. In comparison, weak responders (5-10% FEV1 increase), and non-responders to imatinib shared none of these pathways. The use of PEEP highlights its potential for application as a systems biology tool to develop individual-level approaches to predicting disease phenotypes and response to treatment in populations needing innovative therapies. These results support a role for mitochondrial pathways in airflow limitation in severe asthma and as potential therapeutic targets in larger clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Han Baek
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.H.B.); (E.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Dinah Foer
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.I.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Katherine N. Cahill
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Elliot Israel
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.I.); (J.A.B.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Enrico Maiorino
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.H.B.); (E.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Annika Röhl
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.H.B.); (E.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Joshua A. Boyce
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (E.I.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.H.B.); (E.M.); (A.R.); (S.T.W.)
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48
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Role of various imbalances centered on alveolar epithelial cell/fibroblast apoptosis imbalance in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:261-274. [PMID: 33522725 PMCID: PMC7846426 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been recent extensive studies and rapid advancement on the pathogenesis underlying idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and intricate pathogenesis of IPF has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to clarify the logical relationship between these mechanisms. An extensive search was undertaken of the PubMed using the following keywords: “etiology,” “pathogenesis,” “alveolar epithelial cell (AEC),” “fibroblast,” “lymphocyte,” “macrophage,” “epigenomics,” “histone,” acetylation,” “methylation,” “endoplasmic reticulum stress,” “mitochondrial dysfunction,” “telomerase,” “proteases,” “plasminogen,” “epithelial-mesenchymal transition,” “oxidative stress,” “inflammation,” “apoptosis,” and “idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.” This search covered relevant research articles published up to April 30, 2020. Original articles, reviews, and other articles were searched and reviewed for content; 240 highly relevant studies were obtained after screening. IPF is likely the result of complex interactions between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors: environmental exposures affect epigenetic marks; epigenetic processes translate environmental exposures into the regulation of chromatin; epigenetic processes shape gene expression profiles; in turn, an individual's genetic background determines epigenetic marks; finally, these genetic and epigenetic factors act in concert to dysregulate gene expression in IPF lung tissue. The pathogenesis of IPF involves various imbalances including endoplasmic reticulum, telomere length homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidant/antioxidant imbalance, Th1/Th2 imbalance, M1–M2 polarization of macrophages, protease/antiprotease imbalance, and plasminogen activation/inhibition imbalance. These affect each other, promote each other, and ultimately promote AEC/fibroblast apoptosis imbalance directly or indirectly. Excessive AEC apoptosis and impaired apoptosis of fibroblasts contribute to fibrosis. IPF is likely the result of complex interactions between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. The pathogenesis of IPF involves various imbalances centered on AEC/fibroblast apoptosis imbalance.
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49
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Uchida N, Shimizu Y, Fujimaki M, Horibata Y, Nakamura Y, Horigane Y, Chibana K, Takemasa A, Sugimoto H, Niho S. Metabolic changes induced by TGF-β1 via reduced expression of phosphatidylserine decarboxylase during myofibroblast transition. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 70:108-116. [PMID: 35400823 PMCID: PMC8921729 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.21-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alteration is increasingly recognized as an important pathogenic process that underlies fibrosis across many organ types, and metabolically targeted therapies could become important strategies for reducing fibrosis. In present study, target enzymes that are involved in changes in phospholipid metabolism during fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) were examined. Different amounts of phospholipids were found in the 2 groups. In response to TGF-β1 stimulation, 17 lipids decreased and 17 increased. The latter included the phospholipids phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Furthermore, among the rate-limiting enzymes that regulate these phospholipids, phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PISD), which controls conversion of PS to PE and is localized in mitochondria, decreased in response to TGF-β1. Knockdown of PISD alone without TGF-β1 stimulation increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin mRNA and production of total collagen. Taken together, these results indicate that PISD is involved in the mechanism of fibrogenesis by regulating phospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Uchida
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yasuo Shimizu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Mio Fujimaki
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yasuhiro Horibata
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Yukiko Horigane
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Kazuyuki Chibana
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Akihiro Takemasa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Seiji Niho
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine
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50
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Air Pollution-An Overlooked Risk Factor for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Clin Med 2020; 10:jcm10010077. [PMID: 33379260 PMCID: PMC7794751 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is a major environmental risk to health and a global public health concern. In 2016, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), ambient air pollution in cities and rural areas was estimated to cause 4.2 million premature deaths. It is estimated that around 91% of the world’s population lives in places where air pollution exceeds the limits recommended by the WHO. Sources of air pollution are multiple and context-specific. Air pollution exposures are established risk factors for development and adverse health outcomes in many respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or lung cancer. However, possible associations between air pollution and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have not been adequately studied and air pollution seems to be an underrecognized risk factor for IPF. This narrative review describes potential mechanisms triggered by ambient air pollution and their possible roles in the initiation of the pathogenic process and adverse health effects in IPF. Additionally, we summarize the most current research evidence from the clinical studies supporting links between air pollution and IPF.
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