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Sangroula P, Ghimire S, Srivastava B, Adhikari D, Dhonju K, Shrestha A, Ghimire S. Correlation of Body Mass Index and Oxygen Saturation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:1413-1418. [PMID: 37456913 PMCID: PMC10349576 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s412118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. COPD is associated with clinically relevant pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations, including hypoxemia and weight loss. The correlation of body mass index (BMI) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) with COPD grades may provide a useful additional marker for understanding and managing the disease. The aim of the study was to study the correlation of BMI and oxygen saturation with COPD in patients presenting to a tertiary care center in Nepal. Patients and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 145 COPD patients visiting the Department of Medicine in Shree Birendra Hospital between 1 March 2019 and 28 February 2020. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used and data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results Out of 145 COPD patients, 58 (40%) were underweight, 53 (36.55%) were of normal weight, 20 (13.79%) were overweight, and 14 (9.6%) were obese. The number of underweight patients was highest in COPD grade 4 and lowest in COPD grade 1. The proportion of subjects with underweight BMI and hypoxia increased with COPD severity, and both were statistically significant (p-values <0.01). Conclusion Our study shows that BMI and oxygen saturation have an inverse association with COPD severity. The correlation of BMI and oxygen saturation with COPD grade could provide a supplementary marker of disease severity, which could be useful in the understanding of the disease process and subsequent management of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prativa Sangroula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Palpa, Lumbini, Nepal
| | - Sandip Ghimire
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Palpa, Lumbini, Nepal
| | - Brajendra Srivastava
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Divas Adhikari
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Kiran Dhonju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Amit Shrestha
- Department of Psychiatry, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Sapana Ghimire
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Dharma Bhakta National Transplant Centre, Bhaktapur, Bagmati, Nepal
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2
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Weinreich UM, Storgaard LH. A Real-Life Study of Combined Treatment with Long-Term Non-Invasive Ventilation and High Flow Nasal Cannula in Patients with End-Stage Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4485. [PMID: 37445520 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often develop persistent hypoxic or hypercapnic respiratory failure, or a combination of both. Ventilatory support, in terms of a long-term high-flow nasal cannula (LT-HFNC) and long-term non-invasive ventilation (LT-NIV), may be indicated. Often, clinicians choose either one or the other. This paper explores combined treatment with LT-HFNC and LT-NIV in a real-life setting. In total, 33 patients with COPD and persistent respiratory failure were included in this study. Of those, 17 were initiated on LT-HFNC and used it for 595 (374) days and 16 were initiated on LT-NIV and used it for 558 (479) days. On average, patients used respiratory support continuously for 908 (586) days. Baseline characteristics were comparable, apart from PaCO2 at first ventilatory support initiation (LT-HFNC/LT-NIV 7.1 (1.1) kPa/8.8 (0.9) kPa respectively (p = 0.002)). Both groups experienced a reduction in hospitalizations in the first twelve months after treatment initiation, compared to the twelve months before (LT-HFNC p = 0.022 and LT-NIV p = 0.014). In total, 25% of LT-NIV patients stopped treatment after HFNC initiation due to intolerance and 59% stopped LT-HFNC treatment 126 (36) days after LT-NIV initiation as monotherapy was sufficient. In 44% of these patients, LT-HFNC was re-initiated at the end of life. At the time of analysis, 70% of patients had died. In the last three months of life, patients stopped using LT-NIV, whereas 91% used LT-HFNC. In conclusion, the combined use of LT-NIV and LT-HFNC reduced hospitalizations in patients with COPD and persistent respiratory failure. The study indicates that LT-HFNC is well tolerated, and better tolerated than LT-NIV at the very end stages of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Møller Weinreich
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, DK-9100 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-9100 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Line Hust Storgaard
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, DK-9100 Aalborg, Denmark
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3
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Wang CH, Lo CY, Huang HY, Wang TY, Weng CM, Chen CJ, Huang YC, Chung FT, Lin CW, Chung KF, Kuo HP. Oxygen Desaturation Is Associated With Fibrocyte Activation via Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Axis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852713. [PMID: 35634326 PMCID: PMC9134242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrocytes are bloodborne mesenchymal progenitors which accumulate and differentiate at the disease site. We investigated whether hypoxemia activates fibrocytes, accelerating airflow limitation and exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Flow cytometry was used to determine collagen I+/CD45+ fibrocytes and α-smooth muscle actin+ differentiating fibrocytes within peripheral blood and cultured cells, as well as the expression of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Fibrocytes in lung specimens were identified by confocal microscopy. Compared to non-desaturators, COPD desaturators (peripheral blood oxygen saturation ≤88% during exercise) had greater number of fibrocytes in peripheral blood and lung specimens, paralleled with faster yearly lung function decline and a 6-minute walk distance. Fibrocytes from desaturators expressed more EGFR, CXCR4, CTGF, and HIF-1α, with a higher capacity of proliferation and myofibroblastic differentiation. Hypoxia (5% oxygen) increased the expression of EGFR, CXCR4, CTGF, and HIF-1α, the number and differentiation in fibrocytes. These effects were attenuated by EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, HIF-1α gene silencing, and anti-CTGF antibody. These data elucidate that hypoxemia triggers fibrocyte activation through the EGFR/HIF-1α axis, aggravating airflow obstruction in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chun-Hua Wang, ; Han-Pin Kuo,
| | - Chun-Yu Lo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Weng
- School of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pathology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tsai Chung
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chun-Hua Wang, ; Han-Pin Kuo,
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4
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Urich MD, Vemula RR, Kothare MV. Implementation of an embedded model predictive controller for a novel medical oxygen concentrator. Comput Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2022.107706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Kim Y, Kim HI, Park JY, Hong JY, Kim JH, Min KH, Rhee CK, Park S, Lee CY, Lim SY, Jang SH, Hwang YI. Korean physician prescription patterns for home oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Korean J Intern Med 2022; 37:119-126. [PMID: 34412177 PMCID: PMC8747924 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2020.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hypoxemia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to reduced ability to exercise, decreased quality of life, and, eventually, increased mortality. Home oxygen therapy in patients with severe COPD reduces distress symptoms and mortality rates. However, there have been few studies on physicians' prescription behavior toward home oxygen therapy. Therefore, we investigated the respiratory specialists' perspective on home oxygen therapy. METHODS In this cross-sectional, study, a questionnaire was completed by 30 pulmonary specialists who worked in tertiary hospitals and prescribed home oxygen therapy. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items, including 15 items on oxygen prescription for outpatients, four for inpatients, and nine on service improvement. RESULTS All physicians were prescribing less than 2 L/min of oxygen for either 24 (n = 10, 33.3%) or 15 hours (n = 9, 30.3%). All (n = 30) used pulse oximetry, 26 (86.7%) analyzed arterial blood gas. Thirteen physicians had imposed restrictions and recommended oxygen use only during exercise or sleep. Sixteen (53.3%) physicians were educating their patients about home oxygen therapy. Furthermore, physicians prescribed home oxygen to patients that did not fit the typical criteria for long-term oxygen therapy, with 30 prescribing it for acute relief and 17 for patients with borderline hypoxemia. CONCLUSION This study identified the prescription pattern of home oxygen therapy in Korea. Respiratory physicians prescribe home oxygen therapy to hypoxemic COPD patients for at least 15 hours/day, and at a rate of less than 2 L/min. More research is needed to provide evidence for establishing policies on oxygen therapy in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlim Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
| | - Hwan Il Kim
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Ji Young Hong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Min
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Chang Youl Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
| | - Seong Yong Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jang
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
| | - Yong Il Hwang
- Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon,
Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang,
Korea
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6
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Figueira Gonçalves JM, Golpe R, Ramallo Y, García Talavera I, Dacal D. Should pulse oximeter saturations be included in the risk stratification for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease proposed by GesEPOC? Arch Bronconeumol 2021; 57:774-776. [PMID: 35698990 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Marco Figueira Gonçalves
- Servicio de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Rafael Golpe
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain; Grupo C039 Biodiscovery HULA-USC, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Yolanda Ramallo
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio García Talavera
- Servicio de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - David Dacal
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
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Abstract
Patients with advanced lung disease can develop pulmonary hypertension and succumb to right ventricular failure/cor pulmonale. Patients with pulmonary hypertension owing to chronic lung disease, or World Health Organization group 3 pulmonary hypertension, are more limited and carry a high risk of mortality. Adjunctive therapies remain the cornerstones of treatment. Recent evidence suggests that inhaled pulmonary vasodilator therapy can be helpful in patients with pulmonary hypertension owing to interstitial lung disease. Lung transplantation may be the only life-saving option in select patients, whereas palliative care and hospice should be sought for those who are not candidates as the disease progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Ahmad
- Transplant Department, Advanced Lung Disease and Lung Transplant, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA.
| | - Vikramjit Khangoora
- Transplant Department, Advanced Lung Disease and Lung Transplant, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
| | - Steven D Nathan
- Transplant Department, Advanced Lung Disease and Lung Transplant, Inova Fairfax Medical Center, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
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8
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Hocanli I, Tanriverdi Z, Kabak M, Gungoren F, Tascanov MB. The relationship between frontal QRS-T angle and the severity of newly diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14500. [PMID: 34117683 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by persistent airflow restriction and respiratory symptoms. Studies demonstrated that cardiac arrhythmias and cardiovascular mortality increased in these patients as a result of altered myocardial repolarization. Frontal QRS-T angle is a novel marker of myocardial depolarization and repolarization heterogeneity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between frontal QRS-T angle and disease severity in patients with newly diagnosed COPD. METHODS A total of 104 newly diagnosed COPD patients were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to GOLD (Global Obstructive Lung Disease) stage as follows: patients with mild and moderate COPD (group I), and severe and very severe COPD (group II). Frontal QRS-T angle was calculated from the automatic report of the electrocardiography device. RESULTS Frontal QRS-T angle was significantly higher in group II patients compared with in group I patients (43.0 [25.5-60.0] vs. 20.0 [12.0-32.0], P < .001). The best cut-off value of frontal QRS-T angle for predicting severe-very severe COPD was ≥34.5°. Correlation analysis showed that frontal QRS-T angle was negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC (r = -.524, P < .001) and MEF25-75 (r = -.453, P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was showed that frontal QRS-T angle was the only independent predictor of severe-very severe COPD (OR: 1.051, 95% CI: 1.024-1.079, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Frontal QRS-T angle is an easily obtainable marker form surface electrocardiography. In this study, we have shown for the first time that frontal QRS-T angle was significantly increased in patients with severe and very severe COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iclal Hocanli
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Zulkif Tanriverdi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kabak
- Clinic of Chest Diseases, Mardin State Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Fatih Gungoren
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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9
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Maharana B, Chakraborty P, Rackimuthu S, Baig R, Kadakia S. Paradoxical role of oxygen in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2021; 92. [PMID: 34526728 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2021.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dear Editor, Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic by WHO on 11 March 2020 and has adversely affected human society and disrupted global health...
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rusab Baig
- Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana.
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10
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López-López L, Calvache-Mateo A, Rodríguez-Torres J, Granados-Santiago M, Ortiz-Rubio A, Valenza MC. A Feasibility and Efficacy Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Exercise Programs in Severe AECOPD Patients with Resting Hypoxemia. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9091102. [PMID: 34574876 PMCID: PMC8471268 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting hypoxemia is the most severe stage of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Due to their impairments during the exacerbation, these patients are limited to traditional exercise rehabilitation and are excluded from the majority of the studies. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and the efficacy of two exercise programs in Acute Exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) patients with resting hypoxemia. In this randomized clinical trial, patients hospitalized due to an acute exacerbation of COPD with hypoxemia at rest were included. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups. A Control Group (pharmacological treatment), a Global Exercise Group (GEG), and a Functional Electrostimulation Group (FEG). Patients were treated during the hospitalization period. The main outcomes were lower limb strength (assessed by a dynamometer), balance (assessed by the one leg standing balance test), health related quality of life (assessed by the EQ-5D), adverse events and adherence. At the end of the intervention, there were significant differences in all the variables in favour of the experimental groups (p < 0.05). We concluded that conducting an exercise program is feasible and improves lower limb strength, balance, and health related quality of life in AECOPD patients with resting hypoxemia.
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11
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Mehdipour A, Wiley E, Richardson J, Beauchamp M, Kuspinar A. The Performance of Digital Monitoring Devices for Oxygen Saturation and Respiratory Rate in COPD: A Systematic Review. COPD 2021; 18:469-475. [PMID: 34223780 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1945021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare access and delivery for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who live in remote areas or who are susceptible to contracting communicable diseases, such as COVID-19, may be a challenge. Telehealth and remote monitoring devices can be used to overcome this issue. However, the accuracy of these devices must be ensured before forming healthcare decisions based on their outcomes. Therefore, a systematic review was performed to synthesize the evidence on the reliability, validity and responsiveness of digital devices used for tracking oxygen saturation (SpO2) and/or respiratory rate (RR) in individuals with COPD, in remote settings. Three electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE (1996 to October 8, 2020), EMBASE (1996 to October 8, 2020) and CINAHL (1998 to October 8, 2020). Studies were included if they aimed to evaluate one or more measurement properties of a digital device measuring SpO2 or RR in individuals with COPD. Six-hundred and twenty-five articles were identified and after screening, 7 studies matched the inclusion criteria; covering 11 devices measuring SpO2 and/or RR. Studies reported on the reliability (n = 1), convergent validity (n = 1), concurrent validity (n = 2) and predictive validity (n = 2) of SpO2 devices and on the convergent validity (n = 1), concurrent validity (n = 1) and predictive validity (n = 1) of RR devices. SpO2 and RR devices were valid when compared against other respiration monitoring devices but were not precise in predicting exacerbation events. More well-designed measurement studies are needed to make firm conclusions about the accuracy of such devices.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/15412555.2021.1945021 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Mehdipour
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Elise Wiley
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Richardson
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marla Beauchamp
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ayse Kuspinar
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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12
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Page LK, Staples KJ, Spalluto CM, Watson A, Wilkinson TMA. Influence of Hypoxia on the Epithelial-Pathogen Interactions in the Lung: Implications for Respiratory Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653969. [PMID: 33868294 PMCID: PMC8044850 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal physiological conditions, the lung remains an oxygen rich environment. However, prominent regions of hypoxia are a common feature of infected and inflamed tissues and many chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases are associated with mucosal and systemic hypoxia. The airway epithelium represents a key interface with the external environment and is the first line of defense against potentially harmful agents including respiratory pathogens. The protective arsenal of the airway epithelium is provided in the form of physical barriers, and the production of an array of antimicrobial host defense molecules, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, in response to activation by receptors. Dysregulation of the airway epithelial innate immune response is associated with a compromised immunity and chronic inflammation of the lung. An increasing body of evidence indicates a distinct role for hypoxia in the dysfunction of the airway epithelium and in the responses of both innate immunity and of respiratory pathogens. Here we review the current evidence around the role of tissue hypoxia in modulating the host-pathogen interaction at the airway epithelium. Furthermore, we highlight the work needed to delineate the role of tissue hypoxia in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in addition to novel respiratory diseases such as COVID-19. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the epithelial-pathogen interactions in the setting of hypoxia will enable better understanding of persistent infections and complex disease processes in chronic inflammatory lung diseases and may aid the identification of novel therapeutic targets and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee K Page
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Karl J Staples
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton Centre for Biomedical Research, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - C Mirella Spalluto
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton Centre for Biomedical Research, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair Watson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton Centre for Biomedical Research, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tom M A Wilkinson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton Centre for Biomedical Research, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
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13
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Davidescu AA, Apostu SA, Stanciu-Mandruleanu C. Shedding Light on the Main Characteristics and Perspectives of Romanian Medicinal Oxygen Market. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:155. [PMID: 33546111 PMCID: PMC7913192 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal oxygen plays an important role in healthcare, being essential for the existence and maintenance of the health of millions of people, who depend on medicinal oxygen every day, both in hospitals and at home. Medicinal oxygen is the primary treatment administrated to the majority of patients suffering from respiratory problems and low levels of oxygen in the blood, and in the context of the actual health crisis caused by the new COVID-19, the challenge is represented by increasing the supply of medicinal oxygen while reducing cost so that it is accessible where it is needed most, free at the point of use. It will take increased investment and commitment to put oxygen at the center of strategies for universal health coverage. In this context, it becomes essential to investigate the main characteristics of the Romanian market of medicinal oxygen, highlighting top key players, market development, key driving factors, types of products, market perspectives as well as shedding light on the segmentation of this particular market based on considerations regarding regions, hospital competence class and hospital specialization. Also, the research aims to explore the regional disparities in the decision of using O93%medicinal oxygen, revealing the main factors related to the usage of this type of product among Romanian public hospitals. The research relies on the first quantitative survey regarding medicinal oxygen usage among 121 public hospital units from a total of 461 public hospitals in 2018, which meet the specific requirements: includes the entire population according to the list published on the website of the Ministry of Health, is the most recent data and does not show repetition. The sampling was of probabilistic stage-type stratification, with the following sampling layers: hospital county distribution, hospital competence class officially assigned by the Ministry of Health and also area of residence (urban/rural). In order to analyze the main characteristics of the Romanian oxygen market, the following methods have been used: analysis of variance (ANOVA) together with Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson correlation coefficient as well as Goodman and Kruskal gamma, Kendall's tau-b and Cramer's V, as well as multilevel logistic regression analysis using hierarchical data (hospitals grouped in regions). The Romanian market of medicinal oxygen is rather an oligopoly market characterized by the existence of a small number of producers and two types of products currently used for the same medical purpose and having a substitutable character: medicinal oxygen O99.5%, and medicinal oxygen O93%. An overwhelming proportion of public hospitals agree that both types of medicinal oxygen serve the same therapeutic purpose. The Romanian market of medicinal oxygen highlighted a significant segmentation on considerations based on regions, hospital competence class and hospital specialization. Regarding the main perspectives, the Romanian market of medical oxygen keeps the growth trend registered globally, with development perspectives for competitors. Exploring the regional disparities in the decision of using O93 medicinal oxygen, the empirical results acknowledged the important role of unitary price, hospital capacity and the relevance of this product seen as a medicine. Medicinal oxygen is vital in sustaining life, proving its utility mainly in the context of the actual health crisis. In this context, the Romanian local market exhibits prospects for further development, being characterized by an important segmentation depending on regions, hospital competence class and hospital specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana AnaMaria Davidescu
- Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest 010374, Romania;
- Labour Market Policies Department, National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection, Bucharest 061643, Romania
| | - Simona Andreea Apostu
- Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest 010374, Romania;
- Romania Institute of National Economy, Romanian Academy House, Bucharest 050711, Romania
| | - Cristina Stanciu-Mandruleanu
- Economic Cybernetics and Statistics Doctoral School, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest 010374, Romania;
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K 2P2.1 (TREK-1) potassium channel activation protects against hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22011. [PMID: 33319831 PMCID: PMC7738539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
No targeted therapies exist to counteract Hyperoxia (HO)-induced Acute Lung Injury (HALI). We previously found that HO downregulates alveolar K2P2.1 (TREK-1) K+ channels, which results in worsening lung injury. This decrease in TREK-1 levels leaves a subset of channels amendable to pharmacological intervention. Therefore, we hypothesized that TREK-1 activation protects against HALI. We treated HO-exposed mice and primary alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) with the novel TREK-1 activators ML335 and BL1249, and quantified physiological, histological, and biochemical lung injury markers. We determined the effects of these drugs on epithelial TREK-1 currents, plasma membrane potential (Em), and intracellular Ca2+ (iCa) concentrations using fluorometric assays, and blocked voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (CaV) as a downstream mechanism of cytokine secretion. Once-daily, intra-tracheal injections of HO-exposed mice with ML335 or BL1249 improved lung compliance, histological lung injury scores, broncho-alveolar lavage protein levels and cell counts, and IL-6 and IP-10 concentrations. TREK-1 activation also decreased IL-6, IP-10, and CCL-2 secretion from primary AECs. Mechanistically, ML335 and BL1249 induced TREK-1 currents in AECs, counteracted HO-induced cell depolarization, and lowered iCa2+ concentrations. In addition, CCL-2 secretion was decreased after L-type CaV inhibition. Therefore, Em stabilization with TREK-1 activators may represent a novel approach to counteract HALI.
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Figueira Gonçalves JM, Golpe R, Ramallo Y, García Talavera I, Dacal D. Should Pulse Oximeter Saturations Be Included in the Risk Stratification for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Proposed by GesEPOC? Arch Bronconeumol 2020; 57:S0300-2896(20)30399-9. [PMID: 33293105 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Marco Figueira Gonçalves
- Servicio de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España.
| | - Rafael Golpe
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, España; Grupo C039 Biodiscovery HULA-USC, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España
| | - Yolanda Ramallo
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Madrid, España
| | - Ignacio García Talavera
- Servicio de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - David Dacal
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, España
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Chang CH, Lin HC, Yang CH, Gan ST, Huang CH, Chung FT, Hu HC, Lin SM, Chang CH. Factors Associated with Exercise-Induced Desaturation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:2643-2652. [PMID: 33122902 PMCID: PMC7591268 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s272511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a useful tool to assess the physiologic function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The recent study showed that patients with COPD with oxygen desaturation during the 6MWT had an increased risk of exacerbation and death compared with those without oxygen desaturation. This study aimed to explore the potential risk factors for exercise-induced desaturation (EID) in patients with COPD. Patients and Methods Adult patients with COPD were enrolled from the Chang Gung Research Database between January 2013 and January 2017. Age, sex, body mass index, underlying diseases, medications, and results of the pulmonary function tests and 6MWT were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results Among 1768 patients with COPD, 932 (52.7%) had oxygen desaturation, and the other 836 (47.3%) had no desaturation during the 6MWT. The patients with EID had a shorter 6-min walk distance than those without desaturation (352.08±120.29 vs 426.56±112.56, p<0.0001). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age, female sex, lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and comorbidity with atrial fibrillation (AF) were associated with oxygen desaturation during the 6MWT. Patients with EID had higher exacerbation frequency than those without desaturation in the 1-year follow-up period (0.59±1.50 vs 0.34±1.26, p<0.0001). Patients with COPD with AF also had a higher rate of exacerbation requiring emergency department visit or hospitalization in the 1-year follow-up. Conclusion This study demonstrates that older age, low FEV1, and female sex are risk factors for EID. Desaturation during 6MWT is related to frequent acute exacerbation of COPD in the 1-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Hsin Chang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Chyuan Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Gan
- Center for Big Data Analytics and Statistics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsien Huang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tsai Chung
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Hu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Min Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Oxygen Therapy and Noninvasive Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Clin Chest Med 2020; 41:529-545. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Urich M, Rama Rao V, Kothare MV. Piecewise
linear model predictive control of a rapid pressure swing adsorption system. AIChE J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Urich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania USA
- Air Products & Chemicals Inc. Allentown Pennsylvania USA
| | - Vemula Rama Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania USA
- Air Products & Chemicals Inc. Allentown Pennsylvania USA
| | - Mayuresh V. Kothare
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem Pennsylvania USA
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Li F, Wang X. Inhibition of CX3C receptor 1-mediated autophagy in macrophages alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in hyperoxic lung injury. Life Sci 2020; 259:118286. [PMID: 32810508 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the role of CX3CR1 in hyperoxic lung injury induced pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperoxic lung injured mice were used as the disease model. Pulmonary fibrosis was determined by H&E and Masson's staining. Autophagy was investigated by western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscopy. KEY FINDINGS We observed that increased CX3CR1 expression corresponded with increased pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, silencing of CX3CR1 significantly alleviated the fibrosis when compared to the control. We observed that exposure of mouse to hyperoxic environment increased macrophage levels along with an increased CD11b expression in the lung tissues. Subsequently, we also observed an increased expression of LC3-II and decreased p62 expression in hyperoxic mice models, suggesting the potential role of hyperoxia induced autophagy. CD11b and LC3/CX3CR1 were expressed and co-localized in a manner indicating CX3CR1 indeed does regulate macrophage autophagy in the hyperoxic lung injury model. We observed a decrease in hyperoxia-associated fibrosis, along with a decrease in autophagy when we used 3-MA (autophagy inhibitor) in our hyperoxic lung injury model. To elucidate the pathway through which CX3CR1 regulated autophagy, we further analyzed the Akt1 pathway. Our experimental results indicated that the Akt1 inhibitor (A-674563) did significantly decrease macrophage autophagy and fibrosis in hyperoxic mice models. SIGNIFICANCE Thus, our data indicates a novel role of CX3CR1 in regulation of macrophage autophagy and promotion of pulmonary fibrosis in hyperoxic lung injured mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
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Bozorgmehr R, Edalatifard M, Safavi E, Rahimi B, Ghorbani F, Abtahi H, Amini S, Pourdowlat G. Therapeutic effects of nebulized verapamil on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized and double‐blind clinical trial. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2020; 14:370-381. [DOI: 10.1111/crj.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rama Bozorgmehr
- Clinical Research Development Unit Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Edalatifard
- Thoracic Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Enayat Safavi
- Thoracic Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Besharat Rahimi
- Thoracic Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Fariba Ghorbani
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hamidreza Abtahi
- Thoracic Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shahideh Amini
- Faculty of Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacy Department Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Guitti Pourdowlat
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD)Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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21
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Wang Y, Yang H, Qiao L, Tan Z, Jin J, Yang J, Zhang L, Fang BM, Xu X. The predictive value of PaO 2/FIO 2 and additional parameters for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism: an 8-year prospective observational single-center cohort study. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:242. [PMID: 31823794 PMCID: PMC6902443 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-1005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid stratification and appropriate treatment on admission are critical to saving lives of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). None of the clinical prediction tools perform well when applied to all patients with acute PE. It may be important to integrate respiratory features into the 2014 European Society of Cardiology model. First, we aimed to assess the relationship between the arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FIO2) ratio and in-hospital mortality, determine the optimal cutoff value of PaO2/FIO2, and determine if this value, which is quick and easy to obtain on admission, is a predictor of in-hospital mortality in this population. Second, we aimed to evaluate the potential additional determinants including laboratory parameters that may affect the in-hospital mortality. We hypothesized that the PaO2/FiO2 ratio would be a clinical prediction tool for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute PE. METHODS A prospective single-center observational cohort study was conducted in Beijing Hospital from January 2010 to November 2017. Arterial blood gas analysis data captured on admission, clinical characteristics, risk factors, laboratory data, imaging findings, and in-hospital mortality were compared between survivors and non-survivors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for in-hospital mortality based on the PaO2/FiO2 value was determined, and the association between the parameters and in-hospital mortality was analyzed by using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Body mass index, history of cancer, PaO2/FiO2 value, pulse rate, cardiac troponin I level, lactate dehydrogenase level, white blood cell count, D-dimer level, and risk stratification measurements differed between survivors and non-survivors. The optimal cutoff value of PaO2/FiO2 for predicting mortality was 265 (AUC = 0.765, P < 0.001). Only a PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 265 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.823-21.483, P = 0.004), history of cancer (95% CI 1.161-15.927, P = 0.029), and risk stratification (95% CI 1.047-16.957, P = 0.043) continued to be associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality of acute PE. CONCLUSION A simple determination of the PaO2/FiO2 ratio at <265 may provide important information on admission about patients' in-hospital prognosis, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 265, history of cancer, and risk stratification are predictors of in-hospital mortality of acute PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - He Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisong Qiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Min Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomao Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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Shukla SD, Walters EH, Simpson JL, Keely S, Wark PA, O'Toole RF, Hansbro PM. Hypoxia‐inducible factor and bacterial infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology 2019; 25:53-63. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakti D. Shukla
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - E. Haydn Walters
- School of Medicine, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - Jodie L. Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Digestive Health and Neurogastroenterology, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Peter A.B. Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Healthy LungsUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Ronan F. O'Toole
- School of Molecular Sciences, College of Science, Health and EngineeringLa Trobe University Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and MedicineUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
- Centenary Institute and School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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Denault MH, Péloquin F, Lajoie AC, Lacasse Y. Automatic versus Manual Oxygen Titration in Patients Requiring Supplemental Oxygen in the Hospital: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Respiration 2019; 98:178-188. [DOI: 10.1159/000499119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Pourdowlat G, Alizade Kashani R, Ghorbani F, Baniasadi S, Jamaati H, Farzanegan B. Effect of Nebulized Verapamil on Oxygenation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. TANAFFOS 2019; 18:329-337. [PMID: 32607114 PMCID: PMC7309890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many pharmacological and behavioral therapies have been investigated to improve oxygenation in the intensive care unit (ICU). In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the purpose of therapy is to correct the ventilation perfusion (V/Q) mismatch. Agents, such as calcium blockers, can affect both ventilation and vasculature. The inhalation route allows a more rapid achievement of therapeutic effects with few systemic side effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of nebulized verapamil on oxygenation in COPD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, twenty hypoxic COPD patients, admitted to ICU, were treated with 10 mg of verapamil twice daily for three days. Also, twenty patients with COPD, who were matched in terms of age, sex, and severity of the disease, were enrolled in the control group and received nebulized normal saline. The oxygenation parameters were compared using an arterial blood gas (ABG) test before and after the intervention. RESULTS The mean oxygen saturation was 91.2%±12.15 before verapamil inhalation, which increased to 95.75%±14.57 after receiving nebulized verapamil (P<0.05). Also, correction of blood pH, blood oxygen pressure, and oxygen ratio (PaO2/FIO2) were higher in patients receiving verapamil, compared to the control group. The length of hospital stay was similar in the two groups. During the first three days, 30% of patients in the verapamil group and 20% of patients in the control group were intubated. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that verapamil inhalation increased oxygen saturation and accelerated extubation in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guitti Pourdowlat
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Alizade Kashani
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghorbani
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Baniasadi
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Jamaati
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Farzanegan
- Critical Care Quality Improvement Research Center, Shahid Modarres Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Aloushan AF, Almoaiqel FA, Alghamdi RN, Alnahari FI, Aldosari AF, Masud N, Aljerian NA. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding oxygen therapy at emergency departments in Riyadh in 2017: A cross-sectional study. World J Emerg Med 2019; 10:88-93. [PMID: 30687444 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Administering oxygen therapy (OT) has an essential role in preventing/managing hypoxemia in both acute and chronic conditions. It should be adjusted to achieve the normal oxygen saturation of 94%-98% in most cases. This study aims to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of nurses, paramedics, emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) physicians working at emergency departments (ED) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a structured questionnaire was used to assess KAP related to OT of nurses, paramedics, EMTs and EMS physicians currently working at an ED of a tertiary care hospital. Knowledge and attitude were assessed using a Likert scale from 1-5, whereas practice was assessed as a yes/no categorical variable. RESULTS A total of 444 emergency health-care workers (EHCWs) participated, of which 225 (50.7%) were male, with the majority (77%) in the age group of 20-35 years. Over half of the sample were nurses (266; 59.9%). The mean score for knowledge about OT was 5.51±1.45, attitude was 26.31±3.17 and for practices 4.55±1.76. The main factors which were associated with poor KAP were workload and lack of local guidelines. The distribution of overall practice score was significantly better among paramedics - nurses group and EMT - nurses group. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that there is a gap in EHCWs' KAP, particularly regarding when to provide OT to a patient. This gap can affect patients' safety. Extensive educational and training programs about OT are needed to raise awareness among health-care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amairah Fahad Aloushan
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Raid Naysh Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Ismail Alnahari
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Fahad Aldosari
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazish Masud
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Raza HA, Nokes B, Wesselius L, Agrwal N. Long-Term Oxygen Therapy in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Moderate Hypoxemia. J Osteopath Med 2018; 118:663-665. [PMID: 30264140 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2018.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Uemasu K, Sato S, Muro S, Sato A, Tanabe N, Hasegawa K, Hamakawa Y, Mizutani T, Fuseya Y, Tanimura K, Takahashi T, Hirai T. Annual decline in arterial blood oxygen predicts development of chronic respiratory failure in COPD with mild hypoxaemia: A 6‐year follow‐up study. Respirology 2018; 24:262-269. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Uemasu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Susumu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Shigeo Muro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNara Medical University Kashihara Japan
| | - Atsuyasu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Naoya Tanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Koichi Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoko Hamakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Tatsushi Mizutani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fuseya
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJapanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital Otsu Japan
| | - Kazuya Tanimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chest Disease Clinical and Research InstituteKishiwada City Hospital Kishiwada Japan
| | - Tamaki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJapanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital Otsu Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyoto University Kyoto Japan
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Complementary regional heterogeneity information from COPD patients obtained using oxygen-enhanced MRI and chest CT. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203273. [PMID: 30161221 PMCID: PMC6117056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The heterogeneous distribution of emphysema is a key feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients that typically is evaluated using high-resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT). Oxygen-enhanced pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (OEMRI) is a new method to obtain information regarding regional ventilation, diffusion, and perfusion in the lung without radiation exposure. We aimed to compare OEMRI with HRCT for the assessment of heterogeneity in COPD patients. Methods Forty patients with stable COPD underwent quantitative HRCT, OEMRI, and pulmonary function tests, including arterial blood gas analysis. OEMRI was also performed on nine healthy control subjects. We measured the severity of emphysema (percent low attenuation volume; LAV%) in whole lungs and the standard deviations (SDs) of the LAV% values of 10 isovolumetric partitions (SD-LAV) as an index of cranial-caudal heterogeneity. Similarly, relative enhancement ratios of oxygen (RERs) in whole lungs from OEMRI and SD-RER were analyzed. Results COPD patients showed a lower mean RER than control subjects (12.6% vs 22.0%, p<0.01). The regional heterogeneity of the RERs was not always consistent with the LAV distribution. Both the HRCT (LAV% and SD-LAV) and the OEMRI (RER and SD-RER) indices were significantly associated with the diffusion capacity (DLCO) and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2). The PaO2 was associated only with the heterogeneity index of HRCT (SD-LAV) (R2 = 0.39); however, the PaO2 was associated with both the mean RER and heterogeneity (SD-RER) in the multivariate analysis (R2 = 0.38). Conclusions OEMRI-derived parameters were directly associated with oxygen uptake in COPD patients. Although the OEMRI-derived parameters were not identical to the HRCT-derived parameters, the cranial-caudal heterogeneity in HRCT or OEMRI was complementary to that in evaluations of oxygen uptake in the lungs. Functional imaging seems to provide new insights into COPD pathophysiology without radiation exposure.
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Brat K, Plutinsky M, Hejduk K, Svoboda M, Popelkova P, Zatloukal J, Volakova E, Fecaninova M, Heribanova L, Koblizek V. Respiratory parameters predict poor outcome in COPD patients, category GOLD 2017 B. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:1037-1052. [PMID: 29628761 PMCID: PMC5877495 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s147262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory parameters are important predictors of prognosis in the COPD population. Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2017 Update resulted in a vertical shift of patients across COPD categories, with category B being the most populous and clinically heterogeneous. The aim of our study was to investigate whether respiratory parameters might be associated with increased all-cause mortality within GOLD category B patients. Methods The data were extracted from the Czech Multicentre Research Database, a prospective, noninterventional multicenter study of COPD patients. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed at different levels of respiratory parameters (partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood [PaO2], partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide [PaCO2] and greatest decrease of basal peripheral capillary oxygen saturation during 6-minute walking test [6-MWT]). Univariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazard model and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for mortality in hypoxemic and hypercapnic individuals with COPD. Results All-cause mortality in the cohort at 3 years of prospective follow-up reached 18.4%. Chronic hypoxemia (PaO2 <7.3 kPa), hypercapnia (PaCO2 >7.0 kPa) and oxygen desaturation during the 6-MWT were predictors of long-term mortality in COPD patients with forced expiratory volume in 1 second ≤60% for the overall cohort and for GOLD B category patients. Univariate analyses confirmed the association among decreased oxemia (<7.3 kPa), increased capnemia (>7.0 kPa), oxygen desaturation during 6-MWT and mortality in the studied groups of COPD subjects. Multivariate analysis identified PaO2 <7.3 kPa as a strong independent risk factor for mortality. Conclusion Survival analyses showed significantly increased all-cause mortality in hypoxemic and hypercapnic GOLD B subjects. More important, PaO2 <7.3 kPa was the strongest risk factor, especially in category B patients. In contrast, the majority of the tested respiratory parameters did not show a difference in mortality in the GOLD category D cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Brat
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Plutinsky
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Hejduk
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Svoboda
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Eva Volakova
- Pulmonary Department, University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Lucie Heribanova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Koblizek
- Pulmonary Department, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Kim ES, Lee H, Kim SJ, Park J, Lee YJ, Park JS, Yoon HI, Lee JH, Lee CT, Cho YJ. Effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy for acute respiratory failure with hypercapnia. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:882-888. [PMID: 29607161 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Heated and humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy has recently been introduced for hypoxic respiratory failure. However, it has not been well-evaluated for acute respiratory failure with hypercapnia. Methods This retrospective study included acute respiratory failure patients with hypercapnia in the medical intensive care unit (MICU) from April 2011 to February 2013, who required HFNC oxygen therapy for hypoxemia. Respiratory parameters were recorded and arterial blood gas analyses conducted before, and at 1 and 24 h after initiation of HFNC oxygen therapy. Results Thirty-three patients were studied [median age, 72 years; range, 17-85 years; men, 24 (72.7%)]. Pneumonia (36.4%) and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (33.4%) were the most common reasons for oxygen therapy. Most patients (60.6%) received oxygen therapy via nasal prong before HFNC application. The mean fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) and HFNC flow rate were 0.45±0.2 and 41.1±7.1 L/min, respectively; mean duration of application was 3.6±4.1 days. The partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was 55.0±12.2 mmHg at admission, and increased by approximately 1.0±7.7 mmHg with conventional oxygen therapy. In contrast, with HFNC therapy, PaCO2 decreased by 4.2±5.5 and 3.7±10.8 mmHg in 1 and 24 h, respectively, resulting in significant improvement in hypercapnia (P=0.006 and 0.062, respectively). Conclusions HFNC oxygen therapy with sufficient FiO2 to maintain a normal partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) significantly reduced PaCO2 in acute respiratory failure with hypercapnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sun Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongyeul Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Joong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisoo Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Il Yoon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choon-Taek Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Sprooten RT, Lenaerts K, Braeken DC, Grimbergen I, Rutten EP, Wouters EF, Rohde GG. Increased Small Intestinal Permeability during Severe Acute Exacerbations of COPD. Respiration 2018; 95:334-342. [PMID: 29393240 PMCID: PMC5985742 DOI: 10.1159/000485935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances of intestinal integrity, manifested by increased gastro-intestinal (GI) permeability, have been found in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients during physical activity, often associated with intermittent hypoxic periods. Evidence about extrapulmonary organ disturbances, especially of the GI tract, during hospitalised acute exacerbation of COPD (AE-COPD) with hypoxaemic respiratory failure (RF) is lacking. OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess changes in GI permeability in patients with AE-COPD and during recovery 4 weeks later. METHODS All patients admitted to our hospital with AE-COPD accompanied by hypoxaemia at admission (PaO2 <8.7 kPa or O2 saturation <93%) were screened between October 2013 and February 2014. Patients with a history of GI or renal disease, chronic heart failure, or use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the 48 h before the test were excluded. GI permeability was assessed by evaluating urinary excretion ratios of the orally ingested sugars lactulose/L-rhamnose (L/R ratio), sucrose/L-rhamnose (Su/R ratio) and sucralose/erythritol (S/E ratio). RESULTS Seventeen patients with severe to very severe COPD completed the study. L/R ratio (×103) at admission of AE-COPD was significantly higher than in the recovery condition (40.9 [29.4-49.6] vs. 27.3 [19.5-47.7], p = 0.039), indicating increased small intestinal permeability. There were no significant differences in the individual sugar levels in urine nor in the 0- to 5-h urinary S/E and Su/R ratios between the 2 visits. CONCLUSION This is the first study showing increased GI permeability during hospitalised AE-COPD accompanied by hypoxaemic RF. Therefore, GI integrity in COPD patients is an attractive target for future research and for the development of interventions to alleviate the consequences of AE-COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy T.M. Sprooten
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kaatje Lenaerts
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dionne C.W. Braeken
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Ciro, Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Ilvy Grimbergen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Emiel F.M. Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Ciro, Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Gernot G.U. Rohde
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Clinic I, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Hendaus MA, Nassar S, Leghrouz BA, Alhammadi AH, Alamri M. Parental preference and perspectives on continuous pulse oximetry in infants and children with bronchiolitis. Patient Prefer Adherence 2018; 12:483-487. [PMID: 29662305 PMCID: PMC5892958 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s152880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to investigate parental preference of continuous pulse oximetry in infants and children with bronchiolitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar. Parents of infants and children <24 months old and hospitalized with bronchiolitis were offered an interview survey. RESULTS A total of 132 questionnaires were completed (response rate 100%). Approximately 90% of participants were 20-40 years of age, and 85% were females. The mean age of children was 7.2±5.8 months. Approximately eight in ten parents supported the idea of continuous pulse oximetry in children with bronchiolitis. Almost 43% of parents believed that continuous pulse-oximetry monitoring would delay their children's hospital discharge. Interestingly, approximately 85% of caregivers agreed that continuous pulse oximetry had a good impact on their children's health. In addition, around one in two of the participants stated that good bedside examinations can obviate the need for continuous pulse oximetry. Furthermore, 80% of parents believed that continuous pulse-oximetry monitoring would give the health-care provider a good sense of security regarding the child's health. Finally, being a male parent was associated with significantly increased risk of reporting unnecessary fatigue, attributed to the sound of continuous pulse oximetry (P=0.031). CONCLUSION Continuous pulse-oximetry monitoring in children with bronchiolitis was perceived as reassuring for parents. Involving parents in decision-making is considered essential in the better management of children with bronchiolitis or any other disease. The first step to decrease continuous pulse oximetry will require provider education and change as well. Furthermore, we recommend proper counseling for parents, emphasizing that medical technology is not always essential, but is a complementary mode of managing a disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hendaus
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Correspondence: Mohamed A Hendaus, Department of Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Al Al Luqta Street, PO BOX 26999, Doha, Qatar, Tel +974 4003 6559, Fax +974 4443 9571, Email
| | - Suzan Nassar
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ahmed H Alhammadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Alamri
- Pediatric Emergency Center, Hamad General Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Urich MD, Vemula RR, Kothare MV. Multivariable model predictive control of a novel rapid pressure swing adsorption system. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Urich
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehem PA 18015
| | - Rama Rao Vemula
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehem PA 18015
| | - Mayuresh V. Kothare
- Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehem PA 18015
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Bhatia S, Qualls C, Crowell TA, Arynchyn A, Thyagarajan B, Smith LJ, Kalhan R, Jacobs DR, Kramer H, Duprez D, Celli B, Sood A. Rapid decline in lung function in healthy adults predicts incident excess urinary albumin excretion later in life. BMJ Open Respir Res 2017; 4:e000194. [PMID: 29071073 PMCID: PMC5647541 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic lung disease, often characterised by rapid decline in lung function, is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction (characterised by moderate to severe excess urinary albumin excretion (eUAE) but their longitudinal relationship is inadequately studied. In a bidirectional longitudinal examination of healthy adults, we analysed the following two hypotheses: (1) rapid decline (ie, highest tertile of lung function decline) predicts eUAE and (2) eUAE predicts rapid decline. Methods We performed a secondary data analysis from 3052 eligible participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. For analysis 1, the predictor was rapid decline in lung function between the peak value (attained at or before CARDIA visit year 10 or Y10 at a mean age of 35 years) and Y20; and the outcome was incident eUAE at Y20 and/or Y25. For analysis 2, the predictor was eUAE at Y10 and the outcome was rapid decline between Y10 and Y20. Results After adjustment for covariates in analysis 1, rapid decline in FEV1 or FVC between peak and Y20 predicted incident eUAE at Y20 and/or Y25 (OR 1.51 and 1.44, respectively; p≤0.05 for both analyses). In analysis 2, eUAE at Y10 did not predict subsequent rapid decline. Conclusions Healthy adults with rapid decline in lung function are at risk for developing vascular endothelial dysfunction, as assessed by incident eUAE, later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Bhatia
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Clifford Qualls
- Office of Research, Clinical Translational Science Center,University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Thomas A Crowell
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Alexander Arynchyn
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Lewis J Smith
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Holly Kramer
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel Duprez
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | | | - Akshay Sood
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Tratamiento de la EPOC Estable. Arch Bronconeumol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0300-2896(17)30361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Miravitlles M, Soler-Cataluña JJ, Calle M, Molina J, Almagro P, Quintano JA, Trigueros JA, Cosío BG, Casanova C, Riesco JA, Simonet P, Rigau D, Soriano JB, Ancochea J. Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC) 2017. Pharmacological Treatment of Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Abstract
Chronic respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasing problem worldwide. Many patients with severe COPD develop hypoxemic respiratory failure during the natural progression of disease. Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is a well-established supportive treatment for COPD and has been shown to improve survival in patients who develop chronic hypoxemic respiratory failure. The degree of hypoxemia is severe when partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) is ≤55 mmHg and moderate if PaO2 is between 56 and 69 mmHg. Although current guidelines consider LTOT only in patients with severe resting hypoxemia, many COPD patients with moderate to severe disease experience moderate hypoxemia at rest or during special circumstances, such as while sleeping or exercising. The efficacy of LTOT in these patients who do not meet the actual recommendations is still a matter of debate, and extensive research is still ongoing to understand the possible benefits of LTOT for survival and/or functional outcomes such as the sensation of dyspnea, exacerbation frequency, hospitalizations, exercise capacity, and quality of life. Despite its frequent use, the administration of "palliative" oxygen does not seem to improve dyspnea except for delivery with high-flow humidified oxygen. This narrative review will focus on current evidence for the effects of LTOT in the presence of moderate hypoxemia at rest, during sleep, or during exercise in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Ergan
- a Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Stefano Nava
- b Department of Clinical, Integrated and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Respiratory and Critical Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Alma Mater University , Bologna , Italy
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Miravitlles M, Soler-Cataluña JJ, Calle M, Molina J, Almagro P, Quintano JA, Trigueros JA, Cosío BG, Casanova C, Antonio Riesco J, Simonet P, Rigau D, Soriano JB, Ancochea J. Spanish Guidelines for Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GesEPOC) 2017. Pharmacological Treatment of Stable Phase. Arch Bronconeumol 2017; 53:324-335. [PMID: 28477954 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The clinical presentation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies widely, so treatment must be tailored according to the level of risk and phenotype. In 2012, the Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC) first established pharmacological treatment regimens based on clinical phenotypes. These regimens were subsequently adopted by other national guidelines, and since then, have been backed up by new evidence. In this 2017 update, the original severity classification has been replaced by a much simpler risk classification (low or high risk), on the basis of lung function, dyspnea grade, and history of exacerbations, while determination of clinical phenotype is recommended only in high-risk patients. The same clinical phenotypes have been maintained: non-exacerbator, asthma-COPD overlap (ACO), exacerbator with emphysema, and exacerbator with bronchitis. Pharmacological treatment of COPD is based on bronchodilators, the only treatment recommended in low-risk patients. High-risk patients will receive different drugs in addition to bronchodilators, depending on their clinical phenotype. GesEPOC reflects a more individualized approach to COPD treatment, according to patient clinical characteristics and level of risk or complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Miravitlles
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), España.
| | | | - Myriam Calle
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
| | - Jesús Molina
- Centro de Salud Francia, Dirección Asistencial Oeste, Madrid, España
| | - Pere Almagro
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, España
| | | | | | - Borja G Cosío
- Hospital Universitario Son Espases-IdISBa, Palma de Mallorca, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), España
| | - Ciro Casanova
- Servicio de Neumología-Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario La Candelaria, Tenerife, España
| | | | - Pere Simonet
- Centro de Salud Viladecans-2, Dirección Atención Primaria Costa de Ponent-Institut Català de la Salut, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, España
| | - David Rigau
- Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano, Barcelona, España
| | - Joan B Soriano
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IISP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Consultor Metodológico y de Investigación de SEPAR, Madrid, España
| | - Julio Ancochea
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IISP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Dowman LM, McDonald CF, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R, Gillies R, Pouniotis D, Hill CJ, Goh NS, Holland AE. Greater endurance capacity and improved dyspnoea with acute oxygen supplementation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients without resting hypoxaemia. Respirology 2017; 22:957-964. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leona M. Dowman
- Discipline of Physiotherapy; La Trobe University, Alfred Centre; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Christine F. McDonald
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Medicine; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Rebecca Gillies
- Discipline of Physiotherapy; La Trobe University, Alfred Centre; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Dodie Pouniotis
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Catherine J. Hill
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Nicole S.L. Goh
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Anne E Holland
- Discipline of Physiotherapy; La Trobe University, Alfred Centre; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Austin Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy; Alfred Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Zuo L, Chuang CC, Clark AD, Garrison DE, Kuhlman JL, Sypert DC. Reactive Oxygen Species in COPD-Related Vascular Remodeling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:399-411. [PMID: 29047102 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifaceted process involving the alteration of pulmonary vasculature. Such vascular remodeling can be associated with inflammation, shear stress, and hypoxia-conditions commonly seen in patients with lung diseases. Particularly, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the diseased lungs contributes greatly to pulmonary vascular remodeling. ROS play an important role in vascular homeostasis, yet excessive ROS can alter pulmonary vasculature and impair lung function, as implicated in COPD at all stages. Increased inflammatory cell infiltration and endothelial dysfunction both correspond to the severity of COPD. As a byproduct of vascular remodeling, pulmonary hypertension negatively affects the long-term survival rate of COPD patients. While there is currently no cure for COPD, several treatment options have focused on alleviating COPD symptoms. Interventions such as long-term oxygen therapy, endothelium-targeted treatment, and pharmacological therapies show promising results in improving the life span of COPD patients and attenuating the progression of pulmonary hypertension. In this chapter, we aim to discuss the contributing factors of pulmonary vascular remodeling in COPD with an emphasis on the ROS, as well as potential redox treatments for COPD-related vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Molecular Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Chia-Chen Chuang
- Molecular Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Alexander D Clark
- Molecular Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Davis E Garrison
- Molecular Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jamie L Kuhlman
- Molecular Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David C Sypert
- Molecular Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Erol S, Gürün Kaya A, Arslan Ciftçi F, Çiledağ A, Şen E, Kaya A, Çelik G, Savaş İ. Is oxygen saturation variable of simplified pulmonary embolism severity index reliable for identification of patients, suitable for outpatient treatment. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2016; 12:762-766. [PMID: 27997739 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI) or simplified version (sPESI) are widely validated risk scores for the identification of eligible patients for outpatient treatment. Saturation is one of these criteria. For this metric, saturation of 90% or greater is assigned zero points. However, 90% saturation does not always exclude hypoxemic respiratory failure. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were first was to define corresponding partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2 ) values according to saturation in pulmonary embolism (PE) patients, and the second was to define a target saturation that can exclude hypoxemic respiratory failure and enable secure discharge of PE patients from emergency departments. METHODS This is a retrospective study. To determine the optimal saturation value by which to detect hypoxemic respiratory failure, we generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculated the negative predictive value. RESULTS Total of 65 patients were included in this study. Mean PaO2 levels from SaO2 89% to SaO2 93% were 52.8, 57.1, 57.3, 61, and 63.8 mmHg, respectively. ROC curve analysis revealed SaO2 level of 91.5% to be optimal target saturation for excluding respiratory failure with 84.6% specificity and 89.7% sensitivity; area under the curve was 0.885 (95% CI 0.796-0.975). The negative predictive value was 80% for SaO2 level of 92%. CONCLUSION Patients with PE may be in respiratory failure despite an oxyhemoglobin saturation of ≥90%. Although saturation is likely more important than precise PaO2 in tissue oxygenation, clinicians should be aware of the physiological effects of hypoxemia and take this into account before making outpatient treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Erol
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Gürün Kaya
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Arslan Ciftçi
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aydın Çiledağ
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Şen
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Akın Kaya
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Çelik
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İsmail Savaş
- Pulmonary Diseases Department, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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da Silva ALG, Karnopp TE, Weber AF, Goulart CDL, Scheneiders PDB, Cardoso DM, Carvalho LL, Ellwanger JH, Possuelo LG, Valim ARDM. DNA damage and repair capacity in lymphocyte of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases patients during physical exercise with oxygen supplementation. Multidiscip Respir Med 2016; 11:43. [PMID: 28018592 PMCID: PMC5160001 DOI: 10.1186/s40248-016-0079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that the use of oxygen supplementation during aerobic exercise induces less DNA damage than exercise alone. The aim of this study is to assess the level of DNA damage induced by physical exercise with and without oxygen supplementation in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) patients. METHODS Peripheral blood was collected before and after aerobic exercise in two conditions: (I) aerobic exercise without oxygen supplementation (AE group) and (II) with oxygen supplementation (AE-O2 group). Lymphocytes were collected to perform the alkaline version of the Comet Assay. To assess the susceptibility to exogenous DNA damage, the lymphocytes were treated with methyl methanesulphonate (MMS) for 1-h or 3-h. After 3-h treatment, the percentage of residual damage was calculated assuming the value of 1-h MMS treatment as 100%. RESULTS AE group showed lower induced damage (1 h of MMS treatment) and consequently less DNA repair compared to AE-O2 group. AE-O2 group showed an increase in the induced DNA damage (1 h of MMS treatment) and an increased DNA repair capacity. Within the AE-O2 group, in the post-exercise situation the induced DNA damage after 1 h of MMS treatment was higher (p = 0.01) than in the pre-exercise. CONCLUSION COPD patients who performed physical exercise associated with oxygen supplementation had a better response to DNA damage induced by MMS and a better DNA repair when compared to the condition of physical exercise without oxygen supplementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION UNISC N374.298. Registered 04 JUN 2013 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Lúcia Gonçalves da Silva
- Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS CEP 96815-900 Brazil
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Thaís Evelyn Karnopp
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Augusto Ferreira Weber
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Cassia da Luz Goulart
- Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS CEP 96815-900 Brazil
| | - Paloma de Borba Scheneiders
- Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS CEP 96815-900 Brazil
| | - Dannuey Machado Cardoso
- Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS CEP 96815-900 Brazil
| | - Lisiane Lisboa Carvalho
- Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, Bairro Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS CEP 96815-900 Brazil
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Lia Gonçalves Possuelo
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
| | - Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim
- Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS Brazil
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Terraneo L, Paroni R, Bianciardi P, Giallongo T, Carelli S, Gorio A, Samaja M. Brain adaptation to hypoxia and hyperoxia in mice. Redox Biol 2016; 11:12-20. [PMID: 27835780 PMCID: PMC5107733 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Hyperoxic breathing might lead to redox imbalance and signaling changes that affect cerebral function. Paradoxically, hypoxic breathing is also believed to cause oxidative stress. Our aim is to dissect the cerebral tissue responses to altered O2 fractions in breathed air by assessing the redox imbalance and the recruitment of the hypoxia signaling pathways. Results Mice were exposed to mild hypoxia (10%O2), normoxia (21%O2) or mild hyperoxia (30%O2) for 28 days, sacrificed and brain tissue excised and analyzed. Although one might expect linear responses to %O2, only few of the examined variables exhibited this pattern, including neuroprotective phospho- protein kinase B and the erythropoietin receptor. The major reactive oxygen species (ROS) source in brain, NADPH oxidase subunit 4 increased in hypoxia but not in hyperoxia, whereas neither affected nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of antioxidant proteins. As a result of the delicate equilibrium between ROS generation and antioxidant defense, neuron apoptosis and cerebral tissue hydroperoxides increased in both 10%O2 and 30%O2, as compared with 21%O2. Remarkably, the expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)−2α (but not HIF-1α) was higher in both 10%O2 and 30%O2 with respect to 21%O2 Innovation Comparing the in vivo effects driven by mild hypoxia with those driven by mild hyperoxia helps addressing whether clinically relevant situations of O2 excess and scarcity are toxic for the organism. Conclusion Prolonged mild hyperoxia leads to persistent cerebral damage, comparable to that inferred by prolonged mild hypoxia. The underlying mechanism appears related to a model whereby the imbalance between ROS generation and anti-ROS defense is similar, but occurs at higher levels in hypoxia than in hyperoxia. Both oxygen scarcity and oxygen excess are harmful for the brain. Hypoxia increases ROS more than hyperoxia. Hypoxia increases the antioxidant defenses to an extent larger than hyperoxia. Both hypoxia and hyperoxia imbalance the ROS generation/ antiROS defense equilibrium. These findings have implications for those who need supplemental oxygen therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Terraneo
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Paroni
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Bianciardi
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stephana Carelli
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Gorio
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Samaja
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy.
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Lee CC, Mankodi D, Shaharyar S, Ravindranathan S, Danckers M, Herscovici P, Moor M, Ferrer G. High flow nasal cannula versus conventional oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation in adults with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: A systematic review. Respir Med 2016; 121:100-108. [PMID: 27888983 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Humidified oxygen via a high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a form of supplemental oxygen therapy that has significant theoretical advantages over conventional oxygen therapy (COT). However, the clinical role of HFNC in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) has not been well established. This review compares the efficacy of HFNC with COT and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with AHRF. METHODS Studies reviewed were selected based on relevance from a systematic literature search conducted in Medline and EMBASE to include all published original research through May 2016. Twelve studies matched the inclusion criteria. RESULTS In the majority of the studies, HFNC was associated with superior comfort and patient tolerance as compared to NIV or COT. HFNC was associated with reduced work of breathing in comparison with COT in some, but not all, studies in the review. COT and NIV were associated with a higher 90-day mortality rate compared to HFNC in only one multicenter randomized trial versus no mortality difference reported by others. Three out of four studies demonstrated a decreased need for escalation of oxygen therapy with HFNC. Six out of eight studies demonstrated improved oxygenation with HFNC as compared to COT. Two of three studies revealed worse oxygenation with HFNC as compared to NIV. CONCLUSION This review suggests that HFNC may be superior to COT in AHRF patients in terms of oxygenation, patient comfort, and work of breathing. It may be reasonable to consider HFNC as an intermediate level of oxygen therapy between COT and NIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chan Lee
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
| | - Dhruti Mankodi
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
| | - Sameer Shaharyar
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
| | - Sharmila Ravindranathan
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
| | - Mauricio Danckers
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
| | - Pablo Herscovici
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
| | - Molly Moor
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
| | - Gustavo Ferrer
- Aventura Hospital and Medical Center, 20900 Biscayne Blvd, Aventura, FL 33180, United States.
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Tannus-Silva DGS, Masson-Silva JB, Ribeiro LS, Conde MB, Rabahi MF. Myocardial performance index correlates with the BODE index and affects quality of life in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:2261-2268. [PMID: 27695314 PMCID: PMC5033620 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s110779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective COPD, a systemic illness associated with the impairment of different organs, affects patient prognosis and quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between right ventricle (RV) function, the BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) index (a multifunctional scale for the assessment of mortality risk), and quality of life in patients with COPD. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 107 outpatients presenting with stable COPD who underwent clinical assessment, spirometry, arterial blood gas analyses, a 6-minute walk test, electrocardiography, and echocardiogram and who responded to the Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Results Among the study subjects, 53% (57/107) were males, and the mean age was 65.26±8.81 years. A positive correlation was observed between RV dysfunction measured by the myocardial performance index using tissue Doppler (MPIt) and the BODE index, even after adjustment for age and partial pressure of oxygen (r2=0.47; P<0.01). Patients with alterations in the MPIt had worse quality of life, and a statistically significant difference was found for different domains of the SGRQ. Patients with a normal MPIt had a mean total score of 46.2±18.6, whereas for those with MPIt alterations, the mean total score was 61.6±14.2 (P=0.005). These patients had a 1.49-fold increased risk of exhibiting SGRQ total score above the upper limit of the 95% CI (P=0.01). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that RV dysfunction as measured by the MPIt was associated with impairment in quality of life and a worse BODE index in COPD patients, irrespective of age and hypoxemia status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcus Barreto Conde
- Instituto de Doenças do Tórax da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro; Faculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Watanabe K, Shinkai M, Tei Y, Kaneko T. Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Oxygen Therapy. Oncol Res Treat 2016; 39:587-590. [PMID: 27710970 DOI: 10.1159/000449328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information regarding chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with chronic respiratory failure is limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients who received oxygen therapy and underwent chemotherapy for NSCLC at our hospital. RESULTS 6 patients with NSCLC receiving oxygen therapy (4 with unresectable lung cancer and 2 with postoperative recurrent lung cancer) underwent chemotherapy. 1 patient achieved a partial response and 1 achieved stable disease after first-line chemotherapy. The median overall survival (OS) was 247 days in all patients. Patients with unresectable NSCLC and recurrent NSCLC had median OS times of 282 and 239 days, respectively. Grade 3 lung infection occurred in 4 patients during chemotherapy treatment; however, there were no chemotherapy-related deaths. CONCLUSION There is a possibility that chemotherapy could improve the survival of NSCLC patients who receive oxygen therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Watanabe
- Respiratory Disease Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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Wells JM, Jackson PL, Viera L, Bhatt SP, Gautney J, Handley G, King RW, Xu X, Gaggar A, Bailey WC, Dransfield MT, Blalock JE. A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Roflumilast. Effect on Proline-Glycine-Proline and Neutrophilic Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 192:934-42. [PMID: 26151090 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201503-0543oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Roflumilast is a therapeutic agent in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has antiinflammatory effects; however, it is not known whether it can affect a biologic pathway implicated in COPD pathogenesis and progression. The self-propagating acetyl-proline-glycine-proline (AcPGP) pathway is a novel means of neutrophilic inflammation that is pathologic in the development of COPD. AcPGP is produced by extracellular matrix collagen breakdown with prolyl endopeptidase and leukotriene A4 hydrolase serving as the enzymes responsible for its production and degradation, respectively. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that roflumilast would decrease AcPGP, halting the feed-forward cycle of inflammation. METHODS We conducted a single-center, placebo-controlled, randomized study investigating 12 weeks of roflumilast treatment added to current therapy in moderate-to-severe COPD with chronic bronchitis. Subjects underwent sputum and blood analyses, pulmonary function testing, exercise tolerance, and quality-of-life assessment at 0, 4, and 12 weeks. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Twenty-seven patients were enrolled in the intention-to-treat analysis. Roflumilast treatment decreased sputum AcPGP by more than 50% (P < 0.01) and prolyl endopeptidase by 46% (P = 0.02), without significant improvement in leukotriene A4 hydrolase activity compared with placebo. Roflumilast also reduces other inflammatory markers. There were no significant changes in lung function, quality of life, or exercise tolerance between roflumilast- and placebo-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS Roflumilast reduces pulmonary inflammation through decreasing prolyl endopeptidase activity and AcPGP. As expected for lower AcPGP levels, markers of neutrophilic inflammation are blunted. Inhibiting this self-propagating pathway lessens the overall inflammatory burden, which may alter the natural history of COPD, including the risk of exacerbation. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01572948).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Wells
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,2 UAB Lung Health Center.,3 UAB Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, and.,4 Department of Medicine, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Patricia L Jackson
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,2 UAB Lung Health Center.,3 UAB Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, and
| | - Liliana Viera
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,2 UAB Lung Health Center.,3 UAB Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, and
| | - Surya P Bhatt
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,2 UAB Lung Health Center
| | - Joshua Gautney
- 5 University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Guy Handley
- 5 University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - R Wilson King
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,3 UAB Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, and
| | - Xin Xu
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,3 UAB Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, and
| | - Amit Gaggar
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,3 UAB Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, and.,4 Department of Medicine, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - William C Bailey
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,2 UAB Lung Health Center
| | - Mark T Dransfield
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,2 UAB Lung Health Center.,4 Department of Medicine, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - J Edwin Blalock
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,2 UAB Lung Health Center.,3 UAB Program in Protease and Matrix Biology, and
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Abstract
Infants admitted to health-care centers with acute bronchiolitis are frequently monitored with a pulse oximeter, a noninvasive method commonly used for measuring oxygen saturation. The decision to hospitalize children with bronchiolitis has been largely influenced by pulse oximetry, despite its questionable diagnostic value in delineating the severity of the illness. Many health-care providers lack the appropriate clinical fundamentals and limitations of pulse oximetry. This deficiency in knowledge might have been linked to changes in the management of bronchiolitis. The aim of this paper is to provide the current evidence on the role of pulse oximetry in bronchiolitis. We discuss the history, fundamentals of operation, and limitations of the apparatus. A search of the Google Scholar, Embase, Medline, and PubMed databases was carried out for published articles covering the use of pulse oximetry in bronchiolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hendaus
- Department of Pediatrics, General Pediatrics Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar ; Weill-Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fatima A Jomha
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Khiara, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed H Alhammadi
- Department of Pediatrics, General Pediatrics Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar ; Weill-Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
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Abstract
Obstructive lung disease includes asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Because a previous issue of Medical Clinics of North America (2012;96[4]) was devoted to COPD, this article focuses on asthma in adults, and addresses some topics about COPD not addressed previously. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease marked by variable airflow obstruction and bronchial hyperreactivity. Onset is most common in early childhood, although many people develop asthma later in life. Adult-onset asthma presents a particular challenge in the primary care clinic because of incomplete understanding of the disorder, underreporting of symptoms, underdiagnosis, inadequate treatment, and high rate of comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Lenaeus
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Box 356429, Seattle, WA 98195-6429, USA.
| | - Jan Hirschmann
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Puget Sound VA Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
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The impact of hypoxemia on serum total and free prostate-specific antigen levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Med Oncol 2015; 32:156. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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