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Amewu RK, Sakyi PO, Osei-Safo D, Addae-Mensah I. Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Heterocyclic Anticancer Compounds with Multiple Biological Targets. Molecules 2021; 26:7134. [PMID: 34885716 PMCID: PMC8658833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex group of diseases initiated by abnormal cell division with the potential of spreading to other parts of the body. The advancement in the discoveries of omics and bio- and cheminformatics has led to the identification of drugs inhibiting putative targets including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family receptors, fibroblast growth factors (FGF), platelet derived growth factors (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), and neuropeptide Y4 (NY4), amongst others. Drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and drug ineffectiveness for various cancer chemo-treatments are widespread. Due to this, efficient therapeutic agents targeting two or more of the putative targets in different cancer cells are proposed as cutting edge treatments. Heterocyclic compounds, both synthetic and natural products, have, however, contributed immensely to chemotherapeutics for treatments of various diseases, but little is known about such compounds and their multimodal anticancer properties. A compendium of heterocyclic synthetic and natural product multitarget anticancer compounds, their IC50, and biological targets of inhibition are therefore presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kwamla Amewu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
| | - Patrick Opare Sakyi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani P.O. Box 214, Ghana
| | - Dorcas Osei-Safo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
| | - Ivan Addae-Mensah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
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Chaetomium in Indoor Environment and Medically Important Species of Chaetomium. Fungal Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31612-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hamed SR, Abdel-Azeem AM, Dar PM. Recent Advancements on the Role of Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Chaetomium. Fungal Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31612-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Westphal KR, Werner MIH, Nielsen KAH, Sørensen JL, Andrushchenko V, Winde J, Hertz M, Jensen MA, Mortensen ML, Bouř P, Sondergaard TE, Wimmer R. Characterization of Eight Novel Spiroleptosphols from Fusarium avenaceum. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193498. [PMID: 31561557 PMCID: PMC6804164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical analyses of Fusarium avenaceum grown on banana medium resulted in eight novel spiroleptosphols, T1, T2 and U-Z (1-8). The structures were elucidated by a combination of high-resolution mass spectrometric data and 1- and 2-D NMR experiments. The relative stereochemistry was assigned by 1H coupling and NOESY/ROESY experiments. Absolute stereochemistry established for 7 by vibrational circular dichroism was found analogous to that of the putative polyketide spiroleptosphol from Leptosphaeria doliolum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Ringsborg Westphal
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Manuela Ilse Helga Werner
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Katrine Amalie Hamborg Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Jens Laurids Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark.
| | - Valery Andrushchenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jacob Winde
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Morten Hertz
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Astrup Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Mathilde Lauge Mortensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Petr Bouř
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Teis Esben Sondergaard
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Reinhard Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience-Section for Biotechnology, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
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Lee S, Kim DC, Park JS, Son JY, Hak Sohn J, Liu L, Che Y, Oh H. Penicillospirone from a marine isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5292) with anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3516-3520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Evidente A, Kornienko A, Cimmino A, Andolfi A, Lefranc F, Mathieu V, Kiss R. Fungal metabolites with anticancer activity. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:617-27. [PMID: 24651312 DOI: 10.1039/c3np70078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 1964 to 2013. Natural products from bacteria and plants have played a leading role in cancer drug discovery resulting in a large number of clinically useful agents. In contrast, the investigations of fungal metabolites and their derivatives have not led to a clinical cancer drug in spite of significant research efforts revealing a large number of fungi-derived natural products with promising anticancer activity. Many of these natural products have displayed notable in vitro growth-inhibitory properties in human cancer cell lines and select compounds have been demonstrated to provide therapeutic benefits in mouse models of human cancer. Many of these compounds are expected to enter human clinical trials in the near future. The present review discusses the reported sources, structures and biochemical studies aimed at the elucidation of the anticancer potential of these promising fungal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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Phylogenetic findings suggest possible new habitat and routes of infection of human eumyctoma. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013; 7:e2229. [PMID: 23696914 PMCID: PMC3656121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eumycetoma is a traumatic fungal infection in tropical and subtropical areas that may lead to severe disability. Madurella mycetomatis is one of the prevalent etiologic agents in arid Northeastern Africa. The source of infection has not been clarified. Subcutaneous inoculation from plant thorns has been hypothesized, but attempts to detect the fungus in relevant material have remained unsuccessful. The present study aims to find clues to reveal the natural habitat of Madurella species using a phylogenetic approach, i.e. by comparison of neighboring taxa with known ecology. Four species of Madurella were included in a large data set of species of Chaetomium, Chaetomidium, Thielavia, and Papulaspora (n = 128) using sequences of the universal fungal barcode gene rDNA ITS and the partial LSU gene sequence. Our study demonstrates that Madurella species are nested within the Chaetomiaceae, a family of fungi that mainly inhabit animal dung, enriched soil, and indoor environments. We hypothesize that cattle dung, ubiquitously present in rural East Africa, plays a significant role in the ecology of Madurella. If cow dung is an essential factor in inoculation by Madurella, preventative measures may involve the use of appropriate footwear in addition to restructuring of villages to reduce the frequency of contact with etiologic agents of mycetoma. On the other hand, the Chaetomiaceae possess a hidden clinical potential which needs to be explored. Eumycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomatis is a common subcutaneous, mutilating fungal infection endemic in arid climate zones. Still there are many controversies on the route of infection, but traumatic inoculation of the subcutaneous tissue with the thorn or soil causative organism through minor skin trauma is a popular theory. This is due to the fact that, the origin and natural habitat of Madurella species, the prevalent mycetoma agents are still unknown. In order to predict the natural habitat of M. mycetomatis we investigated its phylogenetic relationships to species with known ecology. Two genes phylogeny based on LSU and ITS was performed for the species of the genus Madurella and representative genera from the family of Chaetomiaceae. Our findings confirmed that Madurella species are phylogenetically member of the family Chaetomiaceae. Members of this family are often found in dung and manure-enriched soil. We therefore suggest that animal dung, abundantly present in endemic villages, could be a possible niche for Madurella and plays an essential role in the onset of eumycetoma. This will help in understanding the origin of the disease and could be a base for future in depth study to investigate the presence of Madurella in dung from endemic areas.
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Serwe A, Rudolph K, Anke T, Erkel G. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling, vasculogenic mimicry and proinflammatory gene expression by isoxanthohumol. Invest New Drugs 2011; 30:898-915. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-011-9643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ruimi N, Petrova RD, Agbaria R, Sussan S, Wasser SP, Reznick AZ, Mahajna J. Inhibition of TNFα-induced iNOS expression in HSV-tk transduced 9L glioblastoma cell lines by Marasmius oreades substances through NF-κB- and MAPK-dependent mechanisms. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 37:3801-12. [PMID: 20224909 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous, radical molecule that plays a role in various physiological processes. Previously, we reported that transduction of murine colon cancer cells (MC38) with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene resulted in a significant over-expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and activation of NF-kB pathway. In this study we show that TNFα, but not LPS, was significantly able to stimulate the production of NO in HSV-tk transduced 9L glioblastoma cell lines, mediated by the up-regulation of iNOS transcript and iNOS protein. The TNFα-induced up-regulation of iNOS expression was mediated by MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways as revealed by using selective pharmaceutical inhibitors. A culture liquid extract of the edible and medicinal mushroom Marasmius oreades that was previously shown to inhibit iNOS expression in MCF-7 was utilized to prepare fractions and evaluate their ability to affect TNFα-induced iNOS expression in HSV tk transduced 9L cell lines. While most of the tested fractions were shown to inhibit TNFα-induced iNOS expression, they targeted different signaling pathways in a selective fashion. Here, we report that fraction SiSiF1 interfered with IKBα phosphorylation and consequently interfered with NF-κB activation pathway. SiSiF1 showed minimal interference with the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK proteins. In contrast, fraction SiSiF3 selectively inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and fractions SiSiF4 and SiSiF5 selectively inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK with no observed effect against IKBα and p38 phosphorylation. Our data illustrate the complexity of iNOS regulation in HSV tk transduced 9L cell lines and also the richness of natural products with bioactive substances that may act synergistically through different signaling pathways to affect iNOS gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nili Ruimi
- Migal-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
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Erkel G, Wisser G, Anke T. Influence of the fungal NF-kappaB inhibitor panepoxydone on inflammatory gene expression in MonoMac6 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:612-24. [PMID: 17386409 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Revised: 01/04/2007] [Accepted: 01/04/2007] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The fungal secondary metabolite panepoxydone has been recently described as an inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation which is a pivotal regulator of the inflammatory and immune response. These findings have led to propose that panepoxydone may be useful as anti-inflammatory agent. In this study we investigated for the first time the effects of panepoxydone on inflammatory gene expression in the monocytic cell line MonoMac6, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the phorbolester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). DNA microarray analysis of 110 human genes known to be strongly regulated during inflammation, combined with reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) revealed that low micromolar concentrations (12-24 microM) of panepoxydone strongly inhibited the expression of thirty-three NF-kappaB dependent pro-inflammatory genes such as the chemokines CCL3, CCL4, CCL8; CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL20, the cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, pro-inflammatory enzymes like COX-2, and components of the REL/NF-kappaB/IkappaB family without significant effects on the expression of house-keeping genes. Panepoxydone strongly inhibited hTNF-alpha, IL-8 and NF-kappaB promoter activity in LPS/TPA stimulated MonoMac6 cells with IC(50) values of 0.5-1 microg/ml by blocking the phosphorylation of IkappaB and subsequent binding of the activated NF-kappaB transcription factor to the DNA. From our data, panepoxydone may serve as lead structure for the development of transcription-based inhibitors of pro-inflammatory gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Erkel
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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