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Liu Q, Zhang Z, Bai C, Yin X, Lin W, Yao L. Inhibition of microelement accumulation and disorder of saccharide and amino acid metabolism explain rice grain empty under dimethylarsinic acid stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:199. [PMID: 39039362 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03284-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed an intensification of energy metabolism in rice grains under DMA stress, possibly causing the consumption of sugars or non-sugars and the development of unfilled grains Excessive dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) causes rice straighthead disease, a physiological disorder typically with erect panicle due to empty grain at maturity. Although the toxicity of DMA and its uptake and transport in rice are well recognized, the underlying mechanism of unfilled grains remains unclear. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted using a susceptible variety (Ruanhuayou1179, RHY) and a resistant one (Nanjingxiangzhan, NJXZ) via the metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches to explore the mechanisms of empty grains in diseased rice under DMA stress. The results demonstrate an increase in total and methylated As in grains of RHY and NJXZ under DMA addition, with RHY containing higher levels of DMA. DMA addition increased the soluble sugar content in grains of RHY and NJXZ by 17.1% and 14.3% compared to the control, respectively, but significantly reduced the levels of amino acid, soluble protein, and starch. The decrease of grain Zn and B contents was also observed, and inadequate Zn might be a key factor limiting rice grain yield under DMA stress. Notably, DMA addition altered the expression levels of genes involved in the transport of sugar, amino acids, nitrates/peptides, and mineral ions. In sugar and amino acid metabolism, the reduction of metabolites and the upregulated expression of genes reflect positive regulation at the level of energy metabolism, implying that the reduction of grain starch and proteins might be ascribed to generate sufficient energy to resist the stress. This study provides a useful reference for understanding the molecular mechanism of grain emptying under DMA stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cuihua Bai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xueying Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wanting Lin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lixian Yao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Thongnok S, Siripornadulsil W, Thanwisai L, Siripornadulsil S. As(III)-oxidizing and plant growth-promoting bacteria increase the starch biosynthesis-related enzyme activity, 2-AP levels, and grain quality of arsenic-stressed rice plants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:672. [PMID: 39004728 PMCID: PMC11247763 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain quality is an important index of rice production, particularly when plants are grown under stress. Arsenic (As) contamination in paddy fields severely affects rice grain yield and quality. Here, the effects of As and combinations of As(III)-oxidizing bacteria (Pseudomonas stutzeri 4.25, 4.27, and 4.44) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (Delftia acidovorans KKU2500-12 and Cupriavidus taiwanensis KKU2500-3) on enzymes related to starch accumulation in grains and the grain quality of Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice cultivated in As-contaminated soil under greenhouse conditions were investigated. RESULTS Arsenic affected the activities of starch biosynthesis-related enzymes, and decreases of up to 76.27%, 71.53%, 49.74%, 73.39%, and 47.46% in AGPase, SSS, GBSS, SBE, and SDBE activities, respectively, and 9.42-61.07% in starch accumulation in grains were detected after growth in As-contaminated soil. However, the KKU2500-3/4.25 and KKU2500-3/4.44 combinations yielded the greatest enzyme activities in grains, and compared with the results observed in uninoculated seedlings, increases in starch accumulation of up to 51.16% and 23.81% were found in the inoculated seedlings after growth in medium- and high-As-contaminated soils, at 10-17 and 10-24 days after anthesis, respectively. The bacteria increased the 2-AP content in rice under As stress, possibly via the induction of proline, a 2-AP substrate. Bacterium-inoculated rice had significantly greater 2-AP levels than uninoculated rice, and 2.16-9.93% and 26.57-42.04% increases were detected in rice plants grown in medium- and high-As-contaminated soils, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Arsenic toxicity can be mitigated in rice growing under greenhouse conditions by maintaining starch biosynthesis, accumulating amylose, and increasing 2-AP content. The effectiveness of these bacteria should be validated in paddy fields; hence, safe rice grains with a good starch content and aroma could be produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarun Thongnok
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Road, Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wilailak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Road, Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Lalita Thanwisai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Road, Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Surasak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Road, Nai-Muang, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
- Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
- Salt-tolerant Rice Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Zhao F, Chen JX, Xu H, Han Y, Zhou M, Wang G, Ma LQ, Chen Y. Arsenite Antiporter PvACR3 Driven by Its Native Promoter Increases Leaf Arsenic Accumulation in Tobacco. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11534-11541. [PMID: 38865317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Pteris vittata is the first-reported arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator, which has been applied to phytoremediation of As-contaminated soil. PvACR3, a key arsenite (AsIII) antiporter, plays an important role in As hyperaccumulation in P. vittata. However, its functions in plants are not fully understood. In this study, the PvACR3 gene was heterologously expressed in tobacco, driven by its native promoter (ProPvACR3). After growing at 5 μM AsIII or 10 μM AsV in hydroponics for 1-5 days, PvACR3-expression enhanced the As levels in leaves by 66.4-113 and 51.8-101%, without impacting the As contents in the roots or stems. When cultivated in As-contaminated soil, PvACR3-expressed transgenic plants accumulated 47.9-85.5% greater As in the leaves than wild-type plants. In addition, PvACR3-expression increased the As resistance in transgenic tobacco, showing that enhanced leaf As levels are not detrimental to its overall As tolerance. PvACR3 was mainly expressed in tobacco leaf veins and was likely to unload AsIII from the vein xylem vessels to the mesophyll cells, thus elevating the leaf As levels. This work demonstrates that heterologously expressing PvACR3 under its native promoter specifically enhances leaf As accumulation in tobacco, which helps to reveal the As-hyperaccumulation mechanism in P. vittata and to enhance the As accumulation in plant leaves for phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun-Xiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yu Han
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingxi Zhou
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanshan Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Sánchez S, Baragaño D, Gallego JR, López-Antón MA, Forján R, González A. Valorization of steelmaking slag and coal fly ash as amendments in combination with Betula pubescens for the remediation of a highly As- and Hg-polluted mining soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172297. [PMID: 38588736 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Soil pollution by As and Hg is a pressing environmental issue given their persistence. The intricate removal processes and subsequent accumulation of these elements in soil adversely impact plant growth and pose risks to other organisms in the food chain and to underground aquifers. Here we assessed the effectiveness of non-toxic industrial byproducts, namely coal fly ash and steelmaking slag, as soil amendments, both independently and in conjunction with an organic fertilizer. This approach was coupled with a phytoremediation technique involving Betula pubescens to tackle soil highly contaminated. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate amendments' impact on the growth, physiology, and biochemistry of the plant. Additionally, a permeable barrier made of byproducts was placed beneath the soil to treat leachates. The application of the byproducts reduced pollutant availability, the production of contaminated leachates, and pollutant accumulation in plants, thereby promoting plant development and survival. Conversely, the addition of the fertilizer alone led to an increase in As accumulation in plants and induced the production of antioxidant compounds such as carotenoids and free proline. Notably, all amendments led to increased thiolic compound production without affecting chlorophyll synthesis. While fertilizer application significantly decreased parameters associated with oxidative stress, such as hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, no substantial reduction was observed after byproduct application. Thermal desorption analysis of the byproducts revealed Hg immobilization mechanisms, thereby indicating retention of this metalloid in the form of Hg chloride. In summary, the revalorization of industrial byproducts in the context of the circular economy holds promise for effectively immobilizing metal(loid)s in heavily polluted soils. Additionally, this approach can be enhanced through synergies with phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sánchez
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, Area of Plant Physiology IUBA, University of Oviedo, Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Campus de Mieres, Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós s/n, 33600 Mieres, Asturias, Spain
| | - D Baragaño
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, Francisco Pintado Fe, 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - J R Gallego
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Campus de Mieres, Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós s/n, 33600 Mieres, Asturias, Spain
| | - M A López-Antón
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, Francisco Pintado Fe, 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - R Forján
- Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Campus de Mieres, Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós s/n, 33600 Mieres, Asturias, Spain; Plant Production Area, Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, 33600 Mieres, Spain
| | - A González
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, Area of Plant Physiology IUBA, University of Oviedo, Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Anand V, Pandey A. Unlocking the potential of SiO 2 and CeO 2 nanoparticles for arsenic mitigation in Vigna mungo L. Hepper (Blackgram). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34473-34491. [PMID: 38704781 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the interaction effects of NaAsO2 (1 and 5 μM), SiO2 NPs (10 and 100 mg/L) and CeO2 NPs (10 and 100 mg/L) were assessed in Vigna mungo (Blackgram). The treatment of NaAsO2, SiO2, CeO2-NPs and combinations of NPs & As were applied to blackgram plants under hydroponic conditions. After its application, the morpho-physiological, antioxidant activity, and phytochemical study were evaluated. At 10 and 100 mg/L of SiO2 and CeO2-NPs, there was an increase in antioxidative enzymatic activity (p < 0.05) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, substantial ROS accumulation was observed at 1 and 5 μM NaAsO2 and 100 mg/L SiO2 NPs (p < 0.05). Additionally, at such concentrations, there is a substantial reduction in photosynthetic pigments, nitrogen fixation, chlorosis, and plant development when compared to controls (p < 0.05). The combination of SiO2 and CeO2 NPs (10 and 100 mg/L) with NaAsO2 decreased superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide and improved SOD, CAT, APX, GR, and chlorophyll pigments (p < 0.05). Further FTIR results were evaluated for documenting elemental and phytochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandita Anand
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Anjana Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT) Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India.
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Nawaz M, Hussain I, Mahmood-ur-Rehman, Ashraf MA, Rasheed R. Salicylic Acid and Gemma-Aminobutyric Acid Mediated Regulation of Growth, Metabolites, Antioxidant Defense System and Nutrient Uptake in Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) Under Arsenic Stress. Dose Response 2024; 22:15593258241258407. [PMID: 38803513 PMCID: PMC11129579 DOI: 10.1177/15593258241258407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic pollutant commonly found in soil and water, posing significant risks to human health and plant growth. Objective The objectives of this study to evaluate morphological, biochemical, and physiological markers, as well as ion homeostasis, to alleviate the toxic effects of As in sunflowers through the exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and their combination. Methods A pot experiment was conducted using two sunflower genotypes, FH-779 and FH-773, subjected to As stress (60 mg kg-1) to evaluate the effects of SA at 100 mg L-1, GABA at 200 mg L-1, and their combination on growth and related physiological and biochemical attributes under As stress. Results The study revealed that As toxicity had a detrimental effect on various growth parameters, chlorophyll pigments, relative water content, total proteins, and nutrient uptake in sunflower plants. It also led to increased oxidative stress, as indicated by higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), along with As accumulation in the roots and leaves. However, the application of SA and GABA protected against As-induced damage by enhancing the enzymatic antioxidant defense system. This was achieved through the activation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as an increase in osmolytes. They also improved nutrient acquisition and plant growth under As toxicity. Conclusions We investigated the regulatory roles of SA and GABA in mitigating arsenic-induced phytotoxic effects on sunflower. Our results revealed a significant interaction between SA and GABA in regulating growth, photosynthesis, metabolites, antioxidant defense systems, and nutrient uptake in sunflower under As stress. These findings provide valuable insights into plant defense mechanisms and strategies to enhance stress tolerance in contaminated environments. In the future, SA and GABA could be valuable tools for managing stress in other important crops facing abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood-ur-Rehman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A. Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Majhi B, Semwal P, Mishra SK, Misra S, Chauhan PS. Arsenic stress management through arsenite and arsenate-tolerant growth-promoting bacteria in rice. Int Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00447-w. [PMID: 37979101 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00447-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination is a major problem affecting soil and groundwater in India, harming agricultural crops and human health. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have emerged as promising agents for reducing As toxicity in plants. This study aimed to isolate and characterize As-tolerant PGPR from rice field soils with varying As levels in five districts of West Bengal, India. A total of 663 bacterial isolates were obtained from the different soil samples, and 10 bacterial strains were selected based on their arsenite (As-III) and arsenate (As-V) tolerant ability and multiple PGP traits, including phosphate solubilization, production of siderophore, indole acetic acid, biofilm formation, alginate, and exopolysaccharide. These isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis as Staphylococcus sp. (4), Niallia sp. (2), Priestia sp. (1), Bacillus sp. (1), Pseudomonas sp. (1), and Citricoccus sp. (1). Among the selected bacterial strains, Priestia flexa NBRI4As1 and Pseudomonas chengduensis NBRI12As1 demonstrated significant improvement in rice growth by alleviating arsenic stress under greenhouse conditions. Both strains were also able to modulate photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugar content, proline concentration, and defense enzyme activity. Reduction in As-V accumulation inoculated with NBRI4As1 was recorded highest by 53.02% and 31.48%, while As-III by NBRI12As1 38.84% and 35.98% in the roots and shoots of rice plants, respectively. Overall, this study can lead to developing efficient As-tolerant bacterial strains-based bioinoculant application packages for arsenic stress management in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudev Majhi
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pradeep Semwal
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shashank Kumar Mishra
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sankalp Misra
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow-Deva Road, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, 225003, India
| | - Puneet Singh Chauhan
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
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Zhou Y, Meng F, Zhang J, Zhang H, Han K, Liu C, Gao J, Chen F. Transcriptomic analysis revealing the molecular response to arsenic stress in desert Eremostachys moluccelloides Bunge. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115608. [PMID: 37856981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The saline, alkaline environment of arid soils is conducive to the diffusion of the metalloid arsenic (As). Desert plants in this area are of great ecological importance and practical value. However, there are few studies on the mechanism of arsenic action in desert plants. Therefore, in this study, Eremostachys moluccelloides Bunge was treated with different concentrations of As2O5 [As(V)] to analyze the physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic changes of its roots and leaves and to explore the molecular mechanism of its response to As(Ⅴ) stress. The activities of catalase, superoxidase, peroxidase, and the contents of malondialdehyde and proline in roots and leaves first increased and then decreased under the As(Ⅴ) stress of different concentrations. The content of As was higher in roots than in leaves, and the As content was positively correlated with As(Ⅴ) stress concentration. In the differentially expressed gene analysis, the key enzymes of the oxidative stress response in roots and leaves were significantly enriched in the GO classification. In the KEGG pathway, genes related to the abscisic acid signal transduction pathway were co-enriched and up-regulated in roots and leaves. The related genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were significantly enriched and down-regulated only in roots. In addition, the transcription factors NAC, HB-HD-ZIP, and NF-Y were up-regulated in roots and leaves. These results suggest that the higher the As(V) stress concentration, the more As is taken up by roots and leaves of E. molucelloides Bunge. In addition to causing greater oxidative damage, this may interfere with the production of secondary metabolites. Moreover, it may improve As(V) tolerance by regulating abscisic acid and transcription factors. The results will deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanism of As(Ⅴ) response in E. moluccelloides Bunge, lay the foundation for developing and applying desert plants, and provide new ideas for the phytoremediation of As pollution in arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshun Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanze Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinling Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Han
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyong Liu
- Green Food Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fulong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao F, Han Y, Shi H, Wang G, Zhou M, Chen Y. Arsenic in the hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata: A review of benefits, toxicity, and metabolism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165232. [PMID: 37392892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid, elevated levels of which in soils are becoming a major global environmental issue that poses potential health risks to humans. Pteris vittata, the first known As hyperaccumulator, has been successfully used to remediate As-polluted soils. Understanding why and how P. vittata hyperaccumulates As is the core theoretical basis of As phytoremediation technology. In this review, we highlight the beneficial effects of As in P. vittata, including growth promotion, elemental defense, and other potential benefits. The stimulated growth of P. vittata induced by As can be defined as As hormesis, but differs from that in non-hyperaccumulators in some aspects. Furthermore, the As coping mechanisms of P. vittata, including As uptake, reduction, efflux, translocation, and sequestration/detoxification are discussed. We hypothesize that P. vittata has evolved strong As uptake and translocation capacities to obtain beneficial effects from As, which gradually leads to As accumulation. During this process, P. vittata has developed a strong As vacuolar sequestration ability to detoxify overloaded As, which enables it to accumulate extremely high As concentrations in its fronds. This review also provides insights into several important research gaps that need to be addressed to advance our understanding of As hyperaccumulation in P. vittata from the perspective of the benefits of As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Han
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongyi Shi
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingxi Zhou
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Yanshan Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Piracha MA, Ashraf M, Shahzad SM, Masood S, Akhtar N, Kausar R, Shakoor A. Arsenic fractionation and speciation in different textured soils supplied with farmyard manure and accumulation by sunflower under alkaline calcareous conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:103141-103152. [PMID: 37682438 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29659-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring element that is found in soil, water, and rocks. However, it can also be released into the environment through human activities. Arsenic is considered an environmental hazard because it is toxic to humans and animals and can cause serious health problems. Additionally, As-contaminated soil can limit plant growth and reduce crop yields, leading to economic losses for farmers. So, decreasing metal/metalloid solubility in soil by synthetic and organic amendments leads to better crop productivity on contaminated soils. The current study aimed to evaluate farmyard manure (FYM)-mediated changes in soil arsenic (As) behavior, and subsequent effects on achene yield of sunflower. Treatment plan comprised of two As levels, i.e., As-60 (60 mg kg-1) and As-120 (120 mg kg-1), four FYM levels (0, 20, 35, and 50 g kg-1), three textural types (sandy, loamy and clayey), and replicated thrice. Seven As fractions including water soluble-As (WS-As), labile-As (L-As), calcium-bound As (Ca-As), aluminum-bound As (Al-As), iron-bound As (Fe-As), organic-matter-bound As (OM-As), and residual-As (R-As) were determined which differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with FYM and soil texture. FYM supplementation decreased WS-As, L-As, Ca-As, and Al-As while increased Fe-As, OM-As, and R-As. The immobilizing effect of FYM increased with increasing its rate of application, and maximum effect was found in clayey soil. As speciation in soil also significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by FYM and soil texture, with a reduction in arsenate while increase in arsenite, mono-methyl arsenate, and di-methyl arsenate with increasing the rate of FYM supplementation. Bioaccumulation factor reduced with FYM addition, and highest reduction of 38.65 and 42.13% in sandy, 34.24 and 36.26% in loamy while 29.16 and 35.10% in clayey soils at As-60 and As-120, respectively, by 50 g kg-1 FYM compared with respective As treatments without FYM. As accumulation in plant parts was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced by FYM with the subsequent improvement in achene yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sher Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Masood
- Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Akhtar
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Kausar
- Soil and Water Testing Laboratory for Research, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Awais Shakoor
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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11
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Ivy N, Bhattacharya S, Dey S, Gupta K, Dey A, Sharma P. Effects of microplastics and arsenic on plants: Interactions, toxicity and environmental implications. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139542. [PMID: 37474031 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are emerging pollutants that are ubiquitously present in environment. Occurrence and dispersion of microplastics in the soil can pose a considerable risk to soil health and biodiversity, including the plants grown in the soil. Uptake and bioaccumulation of microplastics can have detrimental effects on different plant species. Additionally, the co-presence of microplastics and arsenic can cause synergistic, antagonistic, or potentiating toxic impacts on plants. However, limited studies are available on the combined effects of microplastics and arsenic on plants. This paper elucidates both the individual and synergistic effects of microplastics and arsenic on plants. At the outset, the paper highlighted the presence and degradation of microplastics in soil. Subsequently, the interactions between microplastics and plants, accumulation, and influences of microplastics on plant growth and metabolism were explained with underlying mechanisms. Combined effects of microplastics and arsenic on plant growth, metabolism, and toxicity were discussed thereafter. Combined toxic effects of microplastics and arsenic on plants can have detrimental implications on environment, ecosystems and biodiversity. Further investigations on food chain and human health are needed in the context of microplastic-arsenic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishita Ivy
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar, India
| | - Sayan Bhattacharya
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar, India.
| | - Satarupa Dey
- Department of Botany, Shyampur Siddheswari Mahavidyalaya, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaushik Gupta
- Belur High School (H.S.), Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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12
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Geng A, Lian W, Wang X, Chen G. Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Arsenic Uptake, Transport, and Detoxification in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11031. [PMID: 37446207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a metalloid environmental pollutant ubiquitous in nature that causes chronic and irreversible poisoning to humans through its bioaccumulation in the trophic chain. Rice, the staple food crop for 350 million people worldwide, accumulates As more easily compared to other cereal crops due to its growth characteristics. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying As uptake, transport, and detoxification in rice is of great significance to solving the issue of As bioaccumulation in rice, improving its quality and safety and protecting human health. This review summarizes recent studies on the molecular mechanisms of As toxicity, uptake, transport, redistribution, regulation, and detoxification in rice. It aims to provide novel insights and approaches for preventing and controlling As bioaccumulation in rice plants, especially reducing As accumulation in rice grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjing Geng
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenli Lian
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Guangzhou 510640, China
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13
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Joshi H, Mishra SK, Prasad V, Chauhan PS. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens modulate sugar metabolism to mitigate arsenic toxicity in Oryza sativa L. var Saryu-52. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137070. [PMID: 36334743 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SN13 (SN13) was evaluated for arsenic (As) toxicity amelioration potential under arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII) stress exposed to rice (Oryza sativa var Saryu-52) plants for 15 days. The PGPR-mediated alleviation of As toxicity was demonstrated by modulated measures such as proline, total soluble sugar, malondialdehyde content, enzymatic status, relative water content, and electrolytic leakage in treated rice seedlings under arsenic-stressed conditions as compared to the respective control. SN13 inoculation not only improved the agronomic traits but also modulated the micronutrient concentrations (Fe, Mo, Zn, Cu, and Co). The desirable results were obtained due to a significant decrease in the AsIII and AsV accumulation in the shoot (47 and 10 mg kg-1 dw), and the root (62 and 26 mg kg-1 dw) in B. amyloliquefaciens inoculated seedlings as compared to their uninoculated root (98 and 43 mg kg-1 dw) and shoot (57 and 12 mg kg-1 dw), respectively. Further, metabolome (GC-MS) analysis was performed to decipher the underlying PGPR-induced mechanisms under arsenic stress. A total of 67 distinct metabolites were identified, which influence the metabolic and physiological factors to modulate the As stress. The expression analysis of metabolism- and stress-responsive genes further proclaimed the involvement of SN13 through modulating the carbohydrate metabolism in rice seedlings, to enable improved growth and As stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Joshi
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Shashank Kumar Mishra
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Vivek Prasad
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Puneet Singh Chauhan
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
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14
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Zhang D, Lei M, Wan X, Guo G, Zhao X, Liu Y. Responses of diversity and arsenic-transforming functional genes of soil microorganisms to arsenic hyperaccumulator (Pteris vittata L.)/pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) intercropping. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:157767. [PMID: 35926620 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping of arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator (Pteris vittata L.) with crops can reduce the As concentration in soil and the resulting ecological and health risks, while maintaining certain economic benefits. However, it is still unclear how As-transforming functional bacteria and dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere of P. vittata affect the microbial properties of crop rhizosphere soil, as well as how As concentration and speciation change in crop rhizosphere soil under intercropping. This is of great significance for understanding the biogeochemical cycle of As in soil and crops. This study aimed to use high-throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to analyze the effects of different rhizosphere isolation patterns on the bacterial diversity and the copy number of As-transforming functional genes in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) rhizosphere soil. The results showed that the abundance of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of pomegranate increased by 16.3 %, and the soil bacterial community structure significantly changed. C_Alphaproteobacteria and o_Rhizobiales bacteria significantly accumulated in the rhizosphere of pomegranate. The copy number of As methylation (arsM) gene in pomegranate rhizosphere soil significantly increased by 63.37 %. The concentrations of nonspecifically sorbed As (F1), As associated with amorphous Fe (hydr)oxides (F3), and the total As (FT) decreased; the proportion of As (III) in pomegranate rhizosphere soil decreased; and the proportion of As (V) increased in pomegranate rhizosphere soil. c_Alphaproteobacteria and o_Rhizobiales accumulated in crop rhizosphere soil under the intercropping of P. vittata with crops. Also, the copy number of As methylation functional genes in crop rhizosphere soil significantly increased, which could reduce As (III) proportion in crop rhizosphere soil. These changes favored simultaneous agricultural production and soil remediation. The results provided the theoretical basis and practical guidance for the safe utilization of As-contaminated soil in the intercropping of As-hyperaccumulator and cash crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degang Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; HongHe University, Mengzi 661100, Yunnan, China
| | - Mei Lei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wan
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guanghui Guo
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhao
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- HongHe University, Mengzi 661100, Yunnan, China
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15
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Makete N, Rizzu M, Seddaiu G, Gohole L, Otinga A. Fluoride toxicity in cropping systems: Mitigation, adaptation strategies and related mechanisms. A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155129. [PMID: 35405235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental fluoride (F-) contamination, mainly due to natural geogenic processes, and in spot cases also of anthropogenic origin, is a widespread global issue, which has been recognized to affect all living organisms. From the contaminated soil and water, F- is absorbed by plants which can manifest symptoms of abiotic stress including oxidative stress and interference with essential physiological and biochemical processes involved in seed germination and plant growth and development. Depending on the diet of the population living in the high F-polluted areas, F-contaminated crops can be key contributors to excessive F- intake along food chains which can lead to human and animal health issues. Various strategies are being explored with the objective of reducing both F- bioaccumulation and its damage on plants (e.g. by means of immobilization or phytoextraction processes) or aimed at limiting the F- anthropogenic input in the soil (e.g. through the use of alternative phosphate fertilizers) but the literature is still fragmented. After a brief overview on the effects of F- on the production and safety of food crops, its sources, mobility and bioavailability in agricultural soils, this paper reviews the available F- mitigation and adaptation options and the involved mechanisms with the aim of providing stakeholders with knowledge to make informed decisions when selecting methods for coping with F- impacts in agricultural systems. Research gaps and possible areas for future studies have also been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Makete
- NSRC-Department of Agronomy, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization, P.O. Box 7816-01000, Thika, Kenya
| | - Margherita Rizzu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione, NRD, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Seddaiu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione, NRD, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Linnet Gohole
- Department of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Sciences, University of Eldoret, P. O. BOX 1125-30100 Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Abigael Otinga
- Department of Soil Science, University of Eldoret, P. O. BOX 1125-30100 Eldoret, Kenya
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16
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Yang Y, Huang J, Sun Q, Wang J, Huang L, Fu S, Qin S, Xie X, Ge S, Li X, Cheng Z, Wang X, Chen H, Zheng B, He Y. microRNAs: Key Players in Plant Response to Metal Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158642. [PMID: 35955772 PMCID: PMC9369385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental metal pollution is a common problem threatening sustainable and safe crop production. Heavy metals (HMs) cause toxicity by targeting key molecules and life processes in plant cells. Plants counteract excess metals in the environment by enhancing defense responses, such as metal chelation, isolation to vacuoles, regulating metal intake through transporters, and strengthening antioxidant mechanisms. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), as a small non-coding RNA, have become the central regulator of a variety of abiotic stresses, including HMs. With the introduction of the latest technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), more and more miRNAs have been widely recognized in several plants due to their diverse roles. Metal-regulated miRNAs and their target genes are part of a complex regulatory network. Known miRNAs coordinate plant responses to metal stress through antioxidant functions, root growth, hormone signals, transcription factors (TF), and metal transporters. This article reviews the research progress of miRNAs in the stress response of plants to the accumulation of HMs, such as Cu, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Al, and the toxicity of heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiu Huang
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informaftics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Qiumin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Jingqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Lichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Siyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Sini Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Sisi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Houming Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, Max Planck Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Y.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-8663-3652 (Y.H.)
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Y.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-8663-3652 (Y.H.)
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Rangel-Moreno K, Mérida-Ortega Á, Gamboa-Loira B, Flores-García MK, Rothenberg SJ, López-Carrillo L. Dietary contribution to total urinary arsenic in Mexican women. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:1453-1462. [PMID: 35793148 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2093982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) damages health in many ways. The main routes of human exposure are consumption of contaminated water and diet, but evidence regarding the dietary contribution of iAs is limited. The objective of this work was to determine the foods and beverages that contribute to urinary total arsenic levels (TAs). This is a secondary analysis of an original study of breast cancer cases and population controls carried out in northern Mexico during the period 2007-2011, from which 1,462 women without a history of diabetes were selected. We estimated the consumption of the food and beverage groups with a frequency questionnaire. We measured the concentrations of urinary iAs metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). Total arsenic ranged from 0.5 to 2,360 µg/g creatinine. After adjusting for covariates, we observed a positive association between TAs (with arsenobetaine) with non-bottled drinking water intake, as well as the consumption of root vegetables, vegetables and fruits rich in water, eggs, fish and shellfish. Our findings highlight the relevance of water consumption and some foods for TAs exposure. Food quality monitoring deserves attention in high-risk regions of arsenic contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Rangel-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Ángel Mérida-Ortega
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - M Karen Flores-García
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Stephen J Rothenberg
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México
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18
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Mao Q, Xie Z, Irshad S, Zhong Z, Liu T, Pei F, Gao B, Li L. Effect of arsenic accumulation on growth and antioxidant defense system of Chlorella thermophila SM01 and Leptolyngbya sp. XZMQ. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Ulhassan Z, Bhat JA, Zhou W, Senan AM, Alam P, Ahmad P. Attenuation mechanisms of arsenic induced toxicity and its accumulation in plants by engineered nanoparticles: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 302:119038. [PMID: 35196561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The excessive arsenic (As) accumulation in plant tissues enforced toxic impacts on growth indices. So, the utilization of As-contaminated food leads to risks associated with human health. For the reduction of As concentrations in foods, it is obligatory to fully apprehend the take up, accretion, transportation and toxicity mechanisms of As within plant parts. This metalloid impairs the plant functions by disturbing the metabolic pathways at physio-biochemical, cellular and molecular levels. Though several approaches were utilized to reduce the As-accumulation and toxicity in soil-plant systems. Recently, engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) such a zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon dioxide or silica (SiO2), iron oxide (FeO) and copper oxide (CuO) have emerged new technology to reduce the As-accumulation or phytotoxicity. But, the mechanistic approaches with systematic explanation are missing. By knowing these facts, our prime focus was to disclose the mechanisms behind the As toxicity and its mitigation by ENPs in higher plants. ENPs relives As toxicity and its oxidative damages by regulating the transporter or defense genes, modifying the cell wall composition, stimulating the antioxidants defense, phytochelatins biosynthesis, nutrients uptake, regulating the metabolic processes, growth improvement, and thus reduction in As-accumulation or toxicity. Yet, As-detoxification by ENPs depends upon the type and dose of ENPs or As, exposure method, plant species and experimental conditions. We have discussed the recent advances and highlight the knowledge or research gaps in earlier studies along with recommendations. This review may help scientific community to develop strategies such as applications of nano-based fertilizers to limit the As-accumulation and toxicity, thus healthy food production. These outcomes may govern sustainable application of ENPs in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ahmed M Senan
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center School of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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20
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Zaheer MS, Ali HH, Erinle KO, Wani SH, Okon OG, Nadeem MA, Nawaz M, Bodlah MA, Waqas MM, Iqbal J, Raza A. Inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense and exogenous application of trans-zeatin riboside alleviates arsenic induced physiological damages in wheat (Triticum aestivum). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33909-33919. [PMID: 35031990 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to increased industrialization, arsenic (As) in the soil has become a serious issue for wheat production since past few decades. We investigated the role of Azospirillum brasilense and trans-zeatin riboside (tZR) in the mitigation of arsenic toxicity in wheat for 2 years (2018-2019 and 2019-2020) in pot experiments. Wheat plants grown in soil artificially spiked with arsenic (50, 70, and 100 μM) was left alone or amended with A. brasilense, tZR, or their combination as mitigation strategies. A treatment without arsenic or amendments was maintained as control. Arsenic-induced physiological damages were noticed in the wheat plants. Detrimental effects on the plant physiological functions, such as disruption of cell membrane stability, reduced water uptake, and stomatal functions, were noticed with increase in As toxicity. Application of biological amendments reversed the effects of As toxicity by increasing wheat plant growth rate, leaf area, and photosynthesis and also yield. Therefore, application of tZR and wheat seed inoculation with A. brasilense could be a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy to mitigate arsenic-induced crop physiological damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Haider Ali
- Sustainable Development Study Center (SDSC), Government College University, Katchery Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Kehinde O Erinle
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Khudwani, Anantnag, 192101, India
| | - Okon Godwin Okon
- Department of Botany, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Azhar Nadeem
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, 58140, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Bodlah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Waqas
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Javaid Iqbal
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
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21
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González-Moscoso M, Juárez-Maldonado A, Cadenas-Pliego G, Meza-Figueroa D, SenGupta B, Martínez-Villegas N. Silicon nanoparticles decrease arsenic translocation and mitigate phytotoxicity in tomato plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:34147-34163. [PMID: 35034295 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we simulate the irrigation of tomato plants with arsenic (As)-contaminated water (from 0 to 3.2 mg L-1) and investigate the effect of the application of silicon nanoparticle (Si NPs) in the form of silicon dioxide (0, 250, and 1000 mg L-1) on As uptake and stress. Arsenic concentrations were determined in substrate and plant tissue at three different stratums. Phytotoxicity, As accumulation and translocation, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds were also determined. Our results show that irrigation of tomato plants with As-contaminated water caused As substrate enrichment and As bioaccumulation (roots > leaves > steam), showing that the higher the concentration in irrigation water, the farther As translocated through the different tomato stratums. Additionally, phytotoxicity was observed at low concentrations of As, while tomato yield increased at high concentrations of As. We found that application of Si NPs decreased As translocation, tomato yield, and root biomass. Increased production of photosynthetic pigments and improved enzymatic activity (CAT and APX) suggested tomato plant adaptation at high As concentrations in the presence of Si NPs. Our results reveal likely impacts of As and nanoparticles on tomato production in places where As in groundwater is common and might represent a risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magín González-Moscoso
- Doctorado en Agricultura Protegida, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Antonio Juárez-Maldonado
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna H 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Diana Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas J, Calle Av. Rosales &, Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Bhaskar SenGupta
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure & Society, Water Academy, Heriot-Watt University, EGIS 2.02A William Arrol Building, Scotland, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Nadia Martínez-Villegas
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica Y Tecnológica, Camino a La Presa San José No. 2055, Col. Lomas 4a Sec., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
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22
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Shah AA, Riaz L, Siddiqui MH, Nazar R, Ahmed S, Yasin NA, Ali A, Mukherjee S, Hussaan M, Javad S, Chaudhry O. Spermine-mediated polyamine metabolism enhances arsenic-stress tolerance in Phaseolus vulgaris by expression of zinc-finger proteins related genes and modulation of mineral nutrient homeostasis and antioxidative system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 300:118941. [PMID: 35121016 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of groundwater and agricultural land by metalloids especially arsenic (As) is one of the most serious threats to people and plants worldwide. Therefore, the present study was design to explore the role of spermine (Spm)- mediated polyamine metabolism in the alleviation of arsenic (As) toxicity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). It was noted that As stress caused reduction in the intracellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate as compared to the control treatment and also impairedplant growth attributes and mineral nutrient homeostasis (sulfur, phosphorus, potassium and calcium). However, the exogenous application of Spm resulted in a considerable enhance in the content of glutathione and nitric oxide, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione-reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) in P. vulgaris seedlings grown As-contaminated soil. In addition, Spm application significantly improved the endogenous production of putrescine and spermidine accompanied along with reduction in malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide level besides enhanced methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification. Moreover, Spm treatment elevated the expression level of zinc-finger proteins related genes (PvC3H24, PvC3H25, PvC3H26 and PvC3H27) involved in abiotic stress response. The study concluded that Spm acted as an enhancing agent and improved tolerance to As-toxicity by upregulating the expression of zinc-finger proteins related genes, polyamine metabolism, Mg detoxification and antioxidant system in P. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Luqman Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Narowal, 51750, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Nazar
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Senior Superintendent Garden, RO-II Office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Muhammad Hussaan
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ozair Chaudhry
- Biology and Environmental Science, Albert Campbell Collegiate Institute (NS), Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Abstract
The non-essential metalloid arsenic (As) is widely distributed in soil and underground water of many countries. Arsenic contamination is a concern because it creates threat to food security in terms of crop productivity and food safety. Plants exposed to As show morpho-physiological, growth and developmental disorder which altogether result in loss of productivity. At physiological level, As-induced altered biochemistry in chloroplast, mitochondria, peroxisome, endoplasmic reticulum, cell wall, plasma membrane causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) overgeneration which damage cell through disintegrating the structure of lipids, proteins, and DNA. Therefore, plants tolerance to ROS-induced oxidative stress is a vital strategy for enhancing As tolerance in plants. Plants having enhanced antioxidant defense system show greater tolerance to As toxicity. Depending upon plant diversity (As hyperaccumulator/non-hyperaccumulator or As tolerant/susceptible) the mechanisms of As accumulation, absorption or toxicity response may differ. There can be various crop management practices such as exogenous application of nutrients, hormones, antioxidants, osmolytes, signaling molecules, different chelating agents, microbial inoculants, organic amendments etc. can be effective against As toxicity in plants. There is information gap in understanding the mechanism of As-induced response (damage or tolerance response) in plants. This review presents the mechanism of As uptake and accumulation in plants, physiological responses under As stress, As-induced ROS generation and antioxidant defense system response, various approaches for enhancing As tolerance in plants from the available literatures which will make understanding the to date knowledge, knowledge gap and future guideline to be worked out for the development of As tolerant plant cultivars.
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Tiwari M, Kidwai M, Dutta P, Narayan S, Gautam N, Chawda K, Shirke PA, Mishra AK, Chakrabarty D. A tau class glutathione-S-transferase (OsGSTU5) confers tolerance against arsenic toxicity in rice by accumulating more arsenic in root. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128100. [PMID: 34954436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) considered as one of the hazardous metalloid that hampers various physiological activities in rice. To study the mechanism of As tolerance in rice, one differentially expressed tau class glutathione-S-transferase (OsGSTU5) has been selected and transgenic rice plants with knockdown (KD) and overexpressing (OE) OsGSTU5 were generated. Our results suggested that KD lines became less tolerant to As stress than WT plants, while OE lines showed enhanced tolerance to As. Under As toxicity, OE and KD lines showed enhanced and reduced antioxidant activities such as, SOD, PRX and catalase, respectively indicating its role in ROS homeostasis. In addition, higher malondialdehyde content, poor photosynthetic parameters and higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) in KD plant, suggests that knockdown of OsGSTU5 renders KD plants more susceptible to oxidative damage. Also, the relative expression profile of various transporters such as OsABCC1 (As sequestration), Lsi2 and Lsi6 (As translocaters) and GSH dependent activity of GSTU5 suggests that GSTU5 might help in chelation of As with GSH and sequester it into the root vacuole using OsABCC1 transporter and thus limits the upward translocation of As towards shoot. This study suggests the importance of GSTU5 as a good target to improve the As tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Tiwari
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India; Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Maria Kidwai
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Prasanna Dutta
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shiv Narayan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Plant Physiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Neelam Gautam
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Khushboo Chawda
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pramod Arvind Shirke
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Plant Physiology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Arun Kumar Mishra
- Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Debasis Chakrabarty
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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25
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Wang Y, Guo D, Wang J, Tian B, Li Y, Sun G, Zhang H. Exogenous melatonin alleviates NO 2 damage in tobacco leaves by promoting antioxidant defense, modulating redox homeostasis, and signal transduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127265. [PMID: 34583160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a common outdoor air pollutant, which has adverse effects on the environment and human health. Herein, NO2 inhibited photosynthesis and antioxidant capacity in plants. Melatonin (Mel) is a neurohormone found in the pineal gland. Exogenous Mel alleviated chlorophyll degradation and increased the expression of key proteins and genes in the process of chlorophyll synthesis in tobacco leaves exposed to NO2. Additionally, the activities of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) were enhanced. PSII and PSI reaction center proteins and genes were upregulated. Mel pre-treatment enhanced enzyme activities and expression of proteins related to the ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle and thioredoxin-peroxiredoxin pathway in leaves exposed to NO2, thus regulating their redox balance. Furthermore, exogenous Mel mediated the polyamine synthesis pathway and increased the expression of the key enzyme proteins SAMS1, SAMS2, and SAMS3 in the polyamine synthesis pathway in leaves under NO2 stress. Mel regulated ABA signal transduction and calmodulin binding transcription factors CAMTA12 and NtCaM calmodulin NtCaM2 in Ca2+ signal transduction. Collectively, these results elucidate that Mel can alleviate high-concentration NO2, thus suitable for agricultural application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiechen Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bei Tian
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Boorboori MR, Zhang HY. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Are an Influential Factor in Improving the Phytoremediation of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:176. [PMID: 35205936 PMCID: PMC8879560 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing expansion of mines, factories, and agricultural lands has caused many changes and pollution in soils and water of several parts of the world. In recent years, metal(loid)s are one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants, which directly and indirectly enters the food cycle of humans and animals, resulting in irreparable damage to their health and even causing their death. One of the most important missions of ecologists and environmental scientists is to find suitable solutions to reduce metal(loid)s pollution and prevent their spread and penetration in soil and groundwater. In recent years, phytoremediation was considered a cheap and effective solution to reducing metal(loid)s pollution in soil and water. Additionally, the effect of soil microorganisms on increasing phytoremediation was given special attention; therefore, this study attempted to investigate the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in the phytoremediation system and in reducing contamination by some metal(loid)s in order to put a straightforward path in front of other researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai-Yang Zhang
- College of Environment and Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China;
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27
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Bioavailability, Accumulation and Distribution of Toxic Metals (As, Cd, Ni and Pb) and Their Impact on Sinapis alba Plant Nutrient Metabolism. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412947. [PMID: 34948556 PMCID: PMC8701935 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the behavior of white mustard seedlings Sinapis alba grown for three months in laboratory polluted soil containing As, Cd, Ni and Pb. Four different experiments were performed in which As was combined with the other three toxic metals in different combinations (As, AsCd, AsCdNi, AsCdNiPb), keeping the same concentrations of As and Cd in all tests and following the national soil quality regulations. The effects of these metals were monitored by the analytical control of metal concentrations in soil and plants, bioavailability tests of mobile metal fractions using three different extracting solutions (DTPA + TEA + CaCl2-DTPA, DTPA + CaCl2-CAT, and CH3COONH4 + EDTA-EDTA) and calculation of bioaccumulation and translocation factors. Additionally, micro, and macro-nutrients both in soil and plant (root, stem, leaves, flowers and seeds) were analyzed in order to evaluate the impact of toxic metals on plant nutrient metabolism. Metals were significantly and differently accumulated in the plant tissues, especially under AsCdNi and AsCdNiPb treatments. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentration of both As and Cd were highlighted. Translocation could be influenced by the presence of other toxic metals, such as Cd, but also of essential metals, through the competition and antagonism processes existing in plant tissues. Significantly, more Cd and Ni levels were detected in leaves and flowers. Cd was also detected in seeds above the WHO limit, but the results are not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The extraction of metallic nutrients (Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni, Mg, K, Fe, Ca, Cr) in the plant was not influenced by the presence of toxic metal combinations, on the contrary, their translocation was more efficient in the aerial parts of the plants. No phytotoxic effects were recorded during the exposure period. The most efficient methods of metal extraction from soil were for As-CAT; Cd-all methods; Pb and Ni-DTPA. The Pearson correlations (r) between applied extraction methods and metal detection in plants showed positive correlations for all toxic metals as follows: As-CAT > DTPA > EDTA, Cd-DTPA > CAT > EDTA, Ni-EDTA = DTPA > CAT, Pb-EDTA = DTPA = CAT). The results revealed that Sinapis alba has a good ability to accumulate the most bioavailable metals Cd and Ni, to stabilize As at the root level and to block Pb in soil.
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Zhang J, Hamza A, Xie Z, Hussain S, Brestic M, Tahir MA, Ulhassan Z, Yu M, Allakhverdiev SI, Shabala S. Arsenic transport and interaction with plant metabolism: Clues for improving agricultural productivity and food safety. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:117987. [PMID: 34425370 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous metalloid that is highly toxic to all living organisms. When grown in As-contaminated soils, plants may accumulate significant amounts of As in the grains or edible shoot parts which then enter a food chain. Plant growth and development per se are also both affected by arsenic. These effects are traditionally attributed to As-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a consequent lipid peroxidation and damage to cellular membranes. However, this view is oversimplified, as As exposure have a major impact on many metabolic processes in plants, including availability of essential nutrients, photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, and sulfur metabolism. This review is aimed to fill this gap in the knowledge. In addition, the molecular basis of arsenic uptake and transport in plants and prospects of creating low As-accumulating crop species, for both agricultural productivity and food safety, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Ameer Hamza
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, 430074, China; College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Zuoming Xie
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Mukkram Ali Tahir
- College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China; K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China; Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas7001, Australia.
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29
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Bibi I, Hussain K, Amen R, Hasan IMU, Shahid M, Bashir S, Niazi NK, Mehmood T, Asghar HN, Nawaz MF, Hussain MM, Ali W. The potential of microbes and sulfate in reducing arsenic phytoaccumulation by maize (Zea mays L.) plants. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:5037-5051. [PMID: 33811285 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination in soil-plant system is an important environmental, agricultural and health issue globally. The microbe- and sulfate-mediated As cycling in soil-plant system may depend on soil sulfate levels, and it can be used as a potential strategy to reduce plant As uptake and improve plant growth. Here, we investigated the role of soil microbes (SMs) to examine As phytoaccumulation using maize as a test plant, under varying sulfate levels (S-0, S-5, S-25 mmol kg-1) and As stress. The addition of sulfate and SMs promoted maize plant growth and reduced As concentration in shoots compared to sulfate-treated plants without SMs. Results revealed that the SMs-S-5 treatment proved to be the most promising in reducing As uptake by 27% and 48% in root and shoot of the maize plants, respectively. The SMs-S treatments, primarily with S-5, enhanced plant growth, shoot dry biomass, Chl a, b and total Chl (a + b) contents, and gas exchange attributes of maize plants. Similarly, the antioxidant defense in maize plants was increased significantly in SMs-S-treated plants, notably with SMs-S-5 treatment. Overall, the SMs-S-5-treated plants possessed improved plant growth, dry biomass, physiology and antioxidant defense system and decrease in plant shoot As concentration. The outcomes of this study suggest that sulfate supplementation in soil along with SMs could assist in reducing As accumulation by maize plants, thus providing a sustainable and eco-friendly bioremediation strategy in limiting As exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Amen
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Israr Masood Ul Hasan
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Safdar Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- College of Environment, Hohai University Nanjing, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hafiz Naeem Asghar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz
- Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mahroz Hussain
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
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Nabi A, Naeem M, Aftab T, Khan MMA, Ahmad P. A comprehensive review of adaptations in plants under arsenic toxicity: Physiological, metabolic and molecular interventions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118029. [PMID: 34474375 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is recognized as a toxic metalloid and a severe threat to biodiversity due to its contamination. Soil and groundwater contamination with this metalloid has become a major concern. Large fractions of cultivable lands are becoming infertile gradually due to the irrigation of As contaminated water released from various sources. The toxicity of As causes the generation of free radicals, which are harmful to cellular metabolism and functions of plants. It alters the growth, metabolic, physiological, and molecular functions of the plants due to oxidative burst. Plants employ different signaling mechanisms to face the As toxicity like phosphate cascade, MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase), Ca-calmodulin, hormones, and ROS-signaling. The toxicity of As may significantly be reduced through various remediation techniques. Among them, the microbial-assisted remediation technique is cost-effective and eco-friendly. It breaks down the metalloid into less harmful species through various processes viz. biovolatilization, biomethylation, and transformation. Moreover, the adaptation strategies towards As toxicity are vacuolar sequestration, involvement of plant defense mechanism, and restricting its uptake from plant roots to above-ground parts. The speciation, uptake, transport, metabolism, ion dynamics, signaling pathways, crosstalk with phytohormones and gaseous molecules, as well as harmful impacts of the As on physiological processes, overall development of plants and remediation techniques are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarifa Nabi
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Naeem
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Hoque MN, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Hannan A, Sultana N, Akhter S, Hasanuzzaman M, Akter F, Hossain MS, Sayed MA, Hasan MT, Skalicky M, Li X, Brestič M. Melatonin Modulates Plant Tolerance to Heavy Metal Stress: Morphological Responses to Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111445. [PMID: 34768875 PMCID: PMC8584185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses. Heavy metals cause serious damage to plant growth and productivity, which is a major problem for sustainable agriculture. It adversely affects plant molecular physiology and biochemistry by generating osmotic stress, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress, membrane disorganization, cellular toxicity, and metabolic homeostasis. To improve and stimulate plant tolerance to heavy metal stress, the application of biostimulants can be an effective approach without threatening the ecosystem. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a biostimulator, plant growth regulator, and antioxidant, promotes plant tolerance to heavy metal stress by improving redox and nutrient homeostasis, osmotic balance, and primary and secondary metabolism. It is important to perceive the complete and detailed regulatory mechanisms of exogenous and endogenous melatonin-mediated heavy metal-toxicity mitigation in plants to identify potential research gaps that should be addressed in the future. This review provides a novel insight to understand the multifunctional role of melatonin in reducing heavy metal stress and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Najmol Hoque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.T.-U.-A.); (M.B.)
| | - Afsana Hannan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Naima Sultana
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Shirin Akhter
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (N.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Md. Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Fahmida Akter
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Sazzad Hossain
- Department of Agronomy and Haor Agriculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Abu Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Toufiq Hasan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
| | - Marián Brestič
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (M.T.-U.-A.); (M.B.)
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Khan I, Awan SA, Rizwan M, Ali S, Zhang X, Huang L. Arsenic behavior in soil-plant system and its detoxification mechanisms in plants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117389. [PMID: 34058445 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic and cancer-causing metals which is generally entered the food chain via intake of As contaminated water or food and harmed the life of living things especially human beings. Therefore, the reduction of As content in the food could be of great importance for healthy life. To reduce As contamination in the soil and food, the evaluation of plant-based As uptake and transportation mechanisms is critically needed. Different soil factors such as physical and chemical properties of soil, soil pH, As speciation, microbial abundance, soil phosphates, mineral nutrients, iron plaques and roots exudates effectively regulate the uptake and accumulation of As in different parts of plants. The detoxification mechanisms of As in plants depend upon aquaporins, membrane channels and different transporters that actively control the influx and efflux of As inside and outside of plant cells, respectively. The xylem loading is responsible for long-distance translocation of As and phloem loading involves in the partitioning of As into the grains. However, As detoxification mechanism based on the clear understandings of how As uptake, accumulations and translocation occur inside the plants and which factors participate to regulate these processes. Thus, in this review we emphasized the different soil factors and plant cell transporters that are critically responsible for As uptake, accumulation, translocation to different organs of plants to clearly understand the toxicity reasons in plants. This study could be helpful for further research to develop such strategies that may restrict As entry into plant cells and lead to high crop yield and safe food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Wang H, Cui S, Ma L, Wang Z, Wang H. Variations of arsenic forms and the role of arsenate reductase in three hydrophytes exposed to different arsenic species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112415. [PMID: 34171691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the mechanisms of arsenic (As) accumulation and detoxification in aquatic plants exposed to different As species, a hydroponic experiment was conducted and the three aquatic plants (Hydrilla verticillata, Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes) were exposed to different concentrations of As(III), As(V) and dimethylarsinate (DMA) for 10 days. The biomass, the surface As adsorption and total As adsorption of three plants were determined. Furthermore, As speciation in the culture solution and plant body, as well as the arsenate reductase (AR) activities of roots and shoots, were also analyzed. The results showed that the surface As adsorption of plants was far less than total As absorption. Compared to As(V), the plants showed a lower DMA accumulation. P. stratiotes showed the highest accumulation of inorganic arsenic but E. crassipes showed the lowest at the same As treatment. E. crassipes showed a strong ability to accumulate DMA. Results from As speciation analysis in culture solution showed that As(III) was transformed to As(V) in all As(III) treatments, and the oxidation rates followed as the sequence of H. verticillata>P. stratiotes>E. crassipes>no plant. As(III) was the predominant species in both roots (39.4-88.3%) and shoots (39-86%) of As(III)-exposed plants. As(V) and As(III) were the predominant species in roots (37-94%) and shoots (31.1-85.6%) in As(V)-exposed plants, respectively. DMA was the predominant species in both roots (23.46-100%) and shoots (72.6-100%) in DMA-exposed plants. The As(III) contents and AR activities in the roots of P. stratiotes and in the shoots of H. verticillata were significantly increased when exposed to 1 mg·L-1 or 3 mg·L-1 As(V). Therefore, As accumulation mainly occurred via biological uptake rather than physicochemical adsorption, and AR played an important role in As detoxification in aquatic plants. In the case of As(V)-exposed plants, their As tolerance was attributed to the increase of AR activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Suping Cui
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Li Ma
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Zhongzhen Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
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Alamri S, Kushwaha BK, Singh VP, Siddiqui MH, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Ali HM. Ascorbate and glutathione independently alleviate arsenate toxicity in brinjal but both require endogenous nitric oxide. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:276-286. [PMID: 33826752 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have explored the possible role of ascorbic acid (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) in alleviating arsenate (AsV ) toxicity in brinjal roots. Moreover, we have also focused our attention on the possible involvement of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in accomplishing this task. AsV treatment negatively impacts the length and fresh weight of roots and shoots as well as the dry weight and fitness of roots, and this was accompanied by greater As accumulation in roots and shoots of brinjal. AsV treatment also declined the endogenous NO level by inhibiting Nitric Oxide Synthase-like (NOS-like) activity. Furthermore, AsV stimulated oxidative stress markers, caused protein damage by their carbonylation due to downregulation in antioxidants [particularly ascorbate (AsA)-GSH cycle], leading to disturbed cellular redox status. This, collectively, led to root cell death in brinjal. However, the addition of either ASC or GSH rescued brinjal roots from the toxic effects of AsV in. Interestingly, lycorine (an inhibitor of ASC biosynthesis) further increased AsV toxicity, while ASC rescued its effects. Moreover, buthionine sulphoximine (BSO, an inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis) interestingly increased further AsV toxicity, while GSH rescued the plant from the As toxic effects. An interesting notion of this study was that GSH rescued the toxic effect of lycorine, while ASC rescued the toxic effect of BSO, though the AsV toxicity mediated by either ASC or GSH was always accompanied by high endogenous NO level and NOS-like activity. All together, these results suggest that ASC and GSH independently mitigate AsV toxicity in brinjal roots, but both might be dependent on endogenous NO for accomplishing the AsV toxicity alleviatory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bishwajit Kumar Kushwaha
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Tran TAT, Dinh QT, Zhou F, Zhai H, Xue M, Du Z, Bañuelos GS, Liang D. Mechanisms underlying mercury detoxification in soil-plant systems after selenium application: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:46852-46876. [PMID: 34254235 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Feasible countermeasures to mitigate mercury (Hg) accumulation and its deleterious effects on crops are urgently needed worldwide. Selenium (Se) fertilizer application is a cost-effective strategy to reduce Hg concentrations, promote agro-environmental sustainability and food safety, and decrease the public health risk posed by Hg-contaminated soils and its accumulation in food crops. This holistic review focuses on the processes and detoxification mechanisms of Hg in whole soil-plant systems after Se application. The reduction of Hg bioavailability in soil, the formation of inert HgSe or/and HgSe-containing proteinaceous complexes in the rhizosphere and/or roots, and the reduction of plant root uptake and translocation of Hg in plant after Se application are systemically discussed. In addition, the positive responses in plant physiological and biochemical processes to Se application under Hg stress are presented to show the possible mechanisms for protecting the plant. However, application of high levels Se showed synergistic toxic effect with Hg and inhibited plant growth. The effectiveness of Se application methods, rates, and species on Hg detoxification is compared. This review provides a good approach for plant production in Hg-contaminated areas to meet food security demands and reduce the public health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Anh Thu Tran
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, Thu Dau Mot University, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong, Vietnam
| | - Quang Toan Dinh
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Thanh Hoa, Thanh Hoa, 400570, Vietnam
| | - Fei Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingyue Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zekun Du
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gary S Bañuelos
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA, 93648-9757, USA
| | - Dongli Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Kaur R, Das S, Bansal S, Singh G, Sardar S, Dhar H, Ram H. Heavy metal stress in rice: Uptake, transport, signaling, and tolerance mechanisms. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:430-448. [PMID: 34227684 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of agricultural fields has become a global concern as it causes a direct impact on human health. Rice is the major food crop for almost half of the world population and is grown under diverse environmental conditions, including heavy metal-contaminated soil. In recent years, the impact of heavy metal contamination on rice yield and grain quality has been shown through multiple approaches. In this review article, different aspects of heavy metal stress, that is uptake, transport, signaling and tolerance mechanisms, are comprehensively discussed with special emphasis on rice. For uptake, some of the transporters have specificity to one or two metal ions, whereas many other transporters are able to transport many different ions. After uptake, the intercellular signaling is mediated through different signaling pathways involving the regulation of various hormones, alteration of calcium levels, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Heavy metal stress signals from various intermediate molecules activate various transcription factors, which triggers the expression of various antioxidant enzymes. Activated antioxidant enzymes then scavenge various reactive oxygen species, which eventually leads to stress tolerance in plants. Non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as ascorbate, metalloids, and even metal-binding peptides (metallothionein and phytochelatin) can also help to reduce metal toxicity in plants. Genetic engineering has been successfully used in rice and many other crops to increase metal tolerance and reduce heavy metals accumulation. A comprehensive understanding of uptake, transport, signaling, and tolerance mechanisms will help to grow rice plants in agricultural fields with less heavy metal accumulation in grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Kaur
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Susmita Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sakshi Bansal
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Gurbir Singh
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Shaswati Sardar
- Lab 202, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Hena Dhar
- Agricultural Biotechnology division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Hasthi Ram
- Lab 202, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
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Naeem M, Aftab T, Ansari AA, Khan MMA. Carrageenan oligomers and salicylic acid act in tandem to escalate artemisinin production by suppressing arsenic uptake and oxidative stress in Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) cultivated in high arsenic soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:42706-42721. [PMID: 33818725 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13241-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to elucidate the effects of concomitant application of irradiated carrageenan (IC) oligomers and salicylic acid (SA) on Artemisia annua L. varieties, viz. "CIM-Arogya" (tolerant) and "Jeevan Raksha" (sensitive) exposed to arsenic (As) stress. Artemisia annua has been known for its sesqui-terpene molecule artemisinin, which is useful in curing malaria. The two compounds, IC and SA, have been established as effective plant growth-promoting molecules for several agricultural and horticultural crops. To test the stress tolerance providing efficacy of IC and SA, the characterization of various physiological and biochemical parameters, growth as well as yield attributes was done in the present experiment. A. annua plants were given various treatments viz. (i) Control (0) (ii) 45 mg As kg-1 of soil (iii) 80 mg L-1 IC+45 mg As kg-1 of soil (iv) 10-6 M SA+45 mg As kg-1 of soil (vi) 45 mg As kg-1 soil+80 mg L-1 IC+10-6 M SA. Plants of A. annua suffered from prominent injuries due to oxidative stress generated by As. At 90 and 120 days after planting (DAP), As toxicity was manifested in reduction of most of the studied growth parameters. However, antioxidant activities such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were enhanced in As-stressed conditions and their activities were further enhanced in IC+SA-treated plants. Application of As significantly produced the highest artemisinin content and yield in "CIM-Arogya" over "Jeevan Raksha." Noticeably, the selected plant growth regulators (PGRs) (IC and SA) applied individually through foliage were found efficient, though, the concomitant effect of PGRs was much pronounced compared to their alone application in countering the toxicity of As. The interactive action of PGRs escalated the overall production (yield) of artemisinin (58.7% and 53.8%) in tolerant and sensitive varieties of A. annua in the presence of soil As. Conclusively, the concomitant application of IC and SA proved much effective and successful over their individual use in exploring the overall development of A. annua subjected to As stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Abid Ali Ansari
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Brevundimonas sp. is a bacteria able to grow in metal(loid) contaminated soil from Puchuncaví Valley, central Chile. This study has isolated a bacterial strain capable of growth under high doses of arsenic (As) (6000 mg L−1), and a draft genome sequence was generated. Additionally, real-time PCR was performed to examine the effect of As on some genes related to As resistance. Results demonstrated a total of 3275 predicted annotated genes with several genes related to the ars operon, metal(loid) resistance-related genes, metal efflux pumps, and detoxifying enzymes. Real-time PCR showed that the arsB involved in the efflux of As was down-regulated, whereas arsR, arsH, and ACR3 did not show differences with the addition of As. Our study provides novel evidence of diverse As regulating systems in tolerant bacteria that will lead to a better understanding of how microorganisms overcome toxic elements and colonize As contaminated soils and to the possible use of their specific properties in bioremediation.
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Mondal S, Pramanik K, Ghosh SK, Pal P, Mondal T, Soren T, Maiti TK. Unraveling the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the alleviation of arsenic phytotoxicity: A review. Microbiol Res 2021; 250:126809. [PMID: 34166969 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The toxic metalloid arsenic (As), is a major pollutant of soil and water, imposing severe health concerns on human lives. It enters the food chain mainly through As-contaminated crops. The uptake, translocation and accumulation of As in plant tissue are often controlled by certain soil-inhabiting microbial communities. Among them, indigenous, free-living As-resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) plays a pivotal role in As-immobilization. Besides, the plant's inability to withstand As after a threshold level is actively managed by these PGPR increasing As-tolerance in host plants by a synergistic plant-microbe interaction. The dual functionality of As-resistant PGPR i.e., phytostimulation and minimization of As-induced phytotoxic damages are one of the main focal points of this review article. It is known that such PGPR having the functional arsenic-resistant genes (in ars operon) including As-transporters, As-transforming genes contributed to the As accumulation and detoxification/transformation respectively. Apart from assisting in nutrient acquisition and modulating phytohormone levels, As-resistant PGPR also influences the antioxidative defense system in plants by maneuvering multiple enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Furthermore, they are effective in reducing membrane damage and electrolyte leakage in plant cells. As-induced photosynthetic damage is also found to be salvaged by As-resistant PGPR. Briefly, the eco-physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of As-resistant PGPR are thus elaborated here with regard to the As-exposed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayanta Mondal
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Krishnendu Pramanik
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, PIN-731235, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sudip Kumar Ghosh
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Priyanka Pal
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tanushree Mondal
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tithi Soren
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tushar Kanti Maiti
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
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Deng F, Zeng F, Chen G, Feng X, Riaz A, Wu X, Gao W, Wu F, Holford P, Chen ZH. Metalloid hazards: From plant molecular evolution to mitigation strategies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124495. [PMID: 33187800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metalloids such as boron and silicon are key elements for plant growth and crop productivity. However, toxic metalloids such as arsenic are increasing in the environment due to inputs from natural sources and human activities. These hazardous metalloids can cause serious health risks to humans and animals if they enter the food chain. Plants have developed highly regulated mechanisms to alleviate the toxicity of metalloids during their 500 million years of evolution. A better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the transport and detoxification of toxic metalloids in plants will shed light on developing mitigation strategies. Key transporters and regulatory proteins responsive to toxic metalloids have been identified through evolutionary and molecular analyses. Moreover, knowledge of the regulatory proteins and their pathways can be used in the breeding of crops with lower accumulation of metalloids. These findings can also assist phytoremediation by the exploration of plants such as fern species that hyperaccumulate metalloids from soils and water, and can be used to engineer plants with elevated uptake and storage capacity of toxic metalloids. In summary, there are solutions to remediate contamination due to toxic metalloids by combining the research advances and industrial technologies with agricultural and environmental practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Deng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Feng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Adeel Riaz
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Feibo Wu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Paul Holford
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
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Singh N, Gaddam SR, Singh D, Trivedi PK. Regulation of arsenic stress response by ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 185:104408. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2021.104408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Peña-Garcia Y, Shinde S, Natarajan P, Lopez-Ortiz C, Balagurusamy N, Chavez ACD, Saminathan T, Nimmakayala P, Reddy UK. Arsenic Stress-Related F-Box (ASRF) gene regulates arsenic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124831. [PMID: 33340971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a non-biodegradable contaminant, is extremely toxic to plants and animals in its inorganic form. As negatively affects plant growth and development, primarily by inducing oxidative stress through redox imbalance. Here we characterized the Arabidopsis F-box protein gene AT2G16220 (Arsenic Stress-Related F-box (ASRF)) that we identified in the genome-wide association study. The asrf mutant seedlings showed high sensitivity to arsenate (AsV) stress. AsV significantly affected asrf seedling growth when germinated on or exposed to AsV-supplemented growth regimes. AsV stress significantly induced production of reactive oxygen species and proline accumulation in asrf, so the asrf maintained high proline content, possibly for cellular protection and redox homeostasis. Heterozygous seedlings (Col-0 x asrf, F1 progeny) were relatively less affected by AsV stress than asrf mutant but showed slightly reduced growth compared with the Col-0 wild type, which suggests that the homozygous ASRF locus is important for AsV stress resistance. Transcriptome analysis involving the mutant and wild type revealed altered phosphate homeostasis in asrf seedlings, which implies that ASRF is required for maintaining phosphate and cellular- homeostasis under excess AsV. Our findings confirm the roles of ASRF in As stress tolerance in plants, for a novel way to mitigate arsenic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadira Peña-Garcia
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Suhas Shinde
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Purushothaman Natarajan
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA; Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, TN, India
| | - Carlos Lopez-Ortiz
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Nagamani Balagurusamy
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, Coahuila 27000, Mexico
| | - Ana Cristina Delgado Chavez
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA; Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, Coahuila 27000, Mexico
| | - Thangasamy Saminathan
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Padma Nimmakayala
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Umesh K Reddy
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112-1000, USA.
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Arsenic uptake and toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): A review of multi-omics approaches to identify tolerance mechanisms. Food Chem 2021; 355:129607. [PMID: 33799259 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) due to its widespread has become a primary concern for sustainable food production, especially in Southeast Asian countries. In that context, the present review presented a comprehensive detail of the available literature marking an assortment of As-induced impacts on wheat. The conclusive findings of past research suggest that As tends to grossly affect the germination, elongation, biomass, grain yield, and induce oxidative stress. Several human studies are suggestive of higher cancer risks (>1 × 10-6) due to the ingestion of wheat grains. However, the body of proof is limited and the scarcity of information limited understanding about tolerance mechanism in wheat against As. Therefore, the paper provided a reference from tolerance mechanism based studies in other crops like rice and maize. The generated knowledge of arsenomics would pave the way for plant breeders to develop resistant varieties for As to ensure sustainable food production.
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Gupta S, Thokchom SD, Kapoor R. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Improves Photosynthesis and Restores Alteration in Sugar Metabolism in Triticum aestivum L. Grown in Arsenic Contaminated Soil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:640379. [PMID: 33777073 PMCID: PMC7991624 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.640379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of agricultural soil by arsenic (As) is a serious menace to environmental safety and global food security. Symbiotic plant-microbe interaction, such as arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), is a promising approach to minimize hazards of As contamination in agricultural soil. Even though the potential of AM fungi (AMF) in redeeming As tolerance and improving growth is well recognized, the detailed metabolic and physiological mechanisms behind such beneficial effects are far from being completely unraveled. The present study investigated the ability of an AM fungus, Rhizophagus intraradices, in mitigating As-mediated negative effects on photosynthesis and sugar metabolism in wheat (Triticum aestivum) subjected to three levels of As, viz., 0, 25, and 50 mg As kg-1 of soil, supplied as sodium arsenate. As exposure caused significant decrease in photosynthetic pigments, Hill reaction activity, and gas exchange parameters such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration. In addition, As exposure also altered the activities of starch-hydrolyzing, sucrose-synthesizing, and sucrose-degrading enzymes in leaves. Colonization by R. intraradices not only promoted plant growth but also restored As-mediated impairments in plant physiology. The symbiosis augmented the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, enhanced Hill reaction activity, and improved leaf gas exchange parameters and water use efficiency of T. aestivum even at high dose of 50 mg As kg-1 of soil. Furthermore, inoculation with R. intraradices also restored As-mediated alteration in sugar metabolism by modulating the activities of starch phosphorylase, α-amylase, β-amylase, acid invertase, sucrose synthase, and sucrose-phosphate synthase in leaves. This ensured improved sugar and starch levels in mycorrhizal plants. Overall, the study advocates the potential of R. intraradices in bio-amelioration of As-induced physiological disturbances in wheat plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rupam Kapoor
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Budzyńska S, Niedzielski P, Mleczek M. Time-dependent changes of arsenic and its selected forms in a hydroponic experiment with Quercus robur L. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124244. [PMID: 33082017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutual transformations of particular As forms are dynamic. Therefore hydroponic experiments need to account for this variation. For this reason, the aim of the study was to determine the time-dependent changes of Astotal and selected forms of this metalloid (As(III), As(V), DMA or the sum of other organic forms) in modified Knop's solution and organs (root, low and high stem) of 2-year-old Quercus robur L. seedlings within a 33-day long hydroponic experiment. The results indicate the varying speed of As uptake and transport to aerial plant parts. A decrease in contents of As forms in organs of seedlings exposed to individual As forms varied, which indicates simultaneous transformations of As forms both in Knop's solution and plant organs. The obtained results indicate the need to analyse the main forms of As both in the nutrient solution and plant organs to assess the actual effectiveness of As phytoextraction by plants. It is necessary because, as demonstrated in this work, the addition of a specific As form does not mean that the capacity of a given plant relative to this form specifically is assessed. Capsule: The form of arsenic added to the medium undergoes dynamic changes affecting the phytoextraction of this metalloid in Quercus robur L. organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Budzyńska
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Chemistry, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland
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Chattopadhyay A, Singh AP, Kasote D, Sen I, Regina A. Effect of Phosphorus Application on Arsenic Species Accumulation and Co-Deposition of Polyphenols in Rice Grain: Phyto and Food Safety Evaluation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:281. [PMID: 33540497 PMCID: PMC7912781 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at exploring the effect of soil application of different concentrations of orthophosphate (P) (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg kg-1) on rice agronomic and yield parameters, arsenic (As) species accumulation, and polyphenol levels in the grain of rice grown under As spiked soil (10 mg kg-1). The contents of As species (As(V), As (III), MMA and DMA) and polyphenols in rice grain samples were estimated using LC-ICP-MS and LC-MS/MS, respectively. P treatments significantly reduced the toxic effects of As on agronomic parameters such as root weight and length, shoot and spike length, straw, and grain yield. Among the treatments studied, only the treatment of 30 mg kg-1 P helps to decrease the elevated levels of As (V), As (III), and DMA in rice grains due to As application. The study revealed that 30 mg kg-1 was the optimal P application amount to minimize AS accumulation in rice grains and As-linked toxicity on agronomic parameters and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Furthermore, the levels of trans-ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and apigenin-7-glucoside increased in response to accumulation of As in the rice grain. In conclusion, the precise use of phosphorus may help to mitigate arsenic linked phytotoxicity and enhance the food safety aspect of rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Anand Prakash Singh
- Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (A.C.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Deepak Kasote
- Centre of Excellence in Rice Value Addition (CERVA), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)—South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), Varanasi 221106, India;
| | - Indrajit Sen
- Centre of Excellence in Rice Value Addition (CERVA), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)—South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), Varanasi 221106, India;
| | - Ahmed Regina
- Centre of Excellence in Rice Value Addition (CERVA), International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)—South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), Varanasi 221106, India;
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Souri Z, Karimi N, Ahmad P. The effect of NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and glutathione (GSH) on Isatis cappadocica, under Arsenic (As) toxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:945-957. [PMID: 33472408 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1870435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present work was conducted to assess the effects of arsenic (As, 1000 µM), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 µM) and reduced glutathione (GSH, 500 µM) on Isatis cappadocica. As treatment decreased plant growth and fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and also enhanced the accumulation of As. As stress also enhanced the oxidative stress biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the application of GSH decreased the content of H2O2 and MDA by 43% and 55%, respectively, as compared to As treatment. The antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) also enhanced with As stress. NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the DPI, enhances the effect of As toxicity by increasing the accumulation of As, H2O2, MDA. DPI also enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes except GR and GST, However, the application GSH increased the plant growth and biomass yield, decreases accumulation of As, H2O2 and MDA content in As as well as As + DPI treated plants. The thiols content [total thiol (TT), non-protein thiol (NPT) protein thiols (PT), and glutathione (GSH)] were decreased in the As + DPI treatment but supplementation of GSH enhanced them. Novelty statement: The study reveals the beneficial role of GSH in mitigating the deleterious effects of Arsenic toxicity through its active involvement in the antioxidant metabolism, thiol synthesis and osmolyte accumulation. Apart from As, We provided the plants NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), which boosts the As toxicity. At present, there is dearth of information pertaining to the effects of DPI on plants growth and their responses under heavy metal stress.GSH application reversed the effect of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) under As stress preventing the oxidative damage to biomolecules through the modulation of different antioxidant enzymes. The application of GSH for As stressed soil could be a sustainable approach for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Gąsecka M, Drzewiecka K, Magdziak Z, Piechalak A, Budka A, Waliszewska B, Szentner K, Goliński P, Niedzielski P, Budzyńska S, Mleczek M. Arsenic uptake, speciation and physiological response of tree species (Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula and Quercus robur) treated with dimethylarsinic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127859. [PMID: 32841871 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) on growth parameters and levels of stress-related metabolites in Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula and Quercus robur. The increase of DMA concentration in the solution led to a notable growth retardation of trees. An intense As accumulation (mainly As(III) and As(V)) expressed as BCF and TF > 1 was recorded only for Q. robur. Generally a decrease in contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and holocellulose with a simultaneous increase in lignin content were recorded. Phenolic composition of leaf extracts was modified by DMA, while root and rhizosphere extracts were poor in phenolics. Toxicity of DMA leads to a significant drop in salicylic acid content in leaves observed at lower doses. Higher DMA levels caused a second, probably ROS-derived depletion of the metabolite accompanied with a severe growth retardation, most pronounced in the case of B. pendula. DMA caused the inhibition of LMWOA biosynthesis in roots of A. pseudoplatanus, B. pendula and their exudation into the rhizosphere, while in Q. robur roots and leaves a stimulation of their accumulation was observed. Disturbances in the activity of enzymatic antioxidants were observed for all the species following the increasing level of DMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gąsecka
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kinga Drzewiecka
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Magdziak
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aneta Piechalak
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Budka
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogusława Waliszewska
- Institute of Chemical Wood Technology, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kinga Szentner
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Goliński
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sylwia Budzyńska
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
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Shabbir A, Abbas G, Asad SA, Razzaq H, Anwar-Ul-Haq M, Amjad M. Effects of arsenite on physiological, biochemical and grain yield attributes of quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): implications for phytoremediation and health risk assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:890-898. [PMID: 33377392 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1865266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of arsenic (As) on physiological and biochemical attributes of quinoa, and human health risks associated with the consumption of As contaminated grains of quinoa. Quinoa genotype, Puno was grown on soil contaminated with various levels of arsenite; 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg As kg-1 soil. Results revealed that plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, and grain yield of As treated plants were significantly less as compared to control plants. Plants exposed to elevated levels of 30 and 40 mg As kg-1 of soil could not survive until maturity. Plant roots retained higher concentration of As than shoot indicating As phytostabilizing behavior of quinoa. Arsenic toxicity caused oxidative stress in quinoa plants, which elevated the H2O2 and TBARS contents and decreased membrane stability. This oxidative stress was partly mitigated by the induction of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX). Perhaps, our results regarding As availability might be an overestimate of the typical natural conditions, As accumulation in quinoa grains posed both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks to humans. It was concluded that quinoa is sensitive to As and the consumption of quinoa grains from plants grown on As concentration ≥20 mg kg-1 of soil was not safe for humans. Novelty statement: The tolerance potential of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) against the trivalent form of arsenic (arsenite), and the health risks due to the consumption of arsenic-contaminated grains has not been explored yet. This is the first study in which we have explored the effects of arsenite on physiological, biochemical and phytoremedial attributes of quinoa. Moreover, human health risks associated with the consumption of As contaminated grains of quinoa has have been investigated. The findings of the present study would be helpful for farmers who intend to grow quinoa on arsenic-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad Asad
- Centre for Climate Research and Development (CCRD), COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Razzaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
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50
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Kaya C, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Corpas FJ, Ahmad P. Salicylic acid-induced nitric oxide enhances arsenic toxicity tolerance in maize plants by upregulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and glyoxalase system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 399:123020. [PMID: 32526442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of nitric oxide (NO) in salicylic acid (SA)-induced tolerance to arsenic (As) stress in maize plants is not reported in the literature. Before starting As stress (AsS) treatments, SA (0.5 mM) was sprayed to the foliage of maize plants. Thereafter, AsV (0.1 mM as sodium hydrogen arsenate heptahydrate) stress (AsS) was initiated and during the stress period, sodium nitroprusside (SNP 0.1 mM), a NO donor, was sprayed individually or in combination with SA. Furthermore, cPTIO (0.1 mM) was also applied as a NO scavenger during the stress period. Arsenic stress led to significant reductions in plant growth, photosynthesis, water relation parameters and endogenous NO content, but it increased hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, methylglyoxal, proline, the activities of major antioxidant enzymes, and leaf and root As content. The combined treatment of SA+SNP was more effective to reverse oxidative stress related parameters and reduce the As content in both leaves and roots, with a concomitant increase in antioxidant defense system, the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle-related enzymes, glyoxalase system enzymes, plant growth, and photosynthetic traits. The beneficial effects of SA were completely abolished with cPTIO supply by blocking the NO synthesis in AsS-maize plants, indicating that NO effectively participated in SA-improved tolerance to AsS in maize plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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