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Shojaedini M, Hemadi M, Saki G, Fakhredini F, Khodayar MJ, Khorsandi L. Thymoquinone effects on autophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced testicular damage in mice. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:1881-1891. [PMID: 38568464 PMCID: PMC11263301 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on CP-induced spermatogenesis defects in mice has been investigated. METHODS Sperm parameters, serum testosterone concentration, histology, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and expression of autophagy-related biomarkers have been assessed. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in testicular tissue were examined for the evaluation of oxidative stress levels. RESULTS CP has induced histological changes and significantly increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, decreased testosterone concentration, testicular weight, and sperm quality. CP induced oxidative stress by elevating OSI in the testicular tissue (p < 0.05). Expression of the autophagy-inducer genes (ATG7, ATG5, and Beclin-1) and ratio of LC3B/LC3A proteins were significantly decreased, while mTOR expression was increased in the CP group. TQ pretreatment dose-dependently decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and mTOR gene expression while increasing the expression of ATG5 and ATG7 genes, LC3B/LC3A ratio, and Beclin-1 proteins. TQ could also dose-dependently reverse the histology, testosterone level, and sperm quality of the CP-intoxicated mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that TQ pretreatment can enhance sperm production by inducing autophagy and reducing apoptosis and oxidative stress in the CP-intoxicated mouse testicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Shojaedini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoud Hemadi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Saki
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fereshtehsadat Fakhredini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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2
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Sampath C, Chukkapalli SS, Raju AV, Alluri LSC, Srisai D, Gangula PR. Cinnamaldehyde Protects against P. gingivalis Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in IEC-6 Cells via the PI3K/Akt-Mediated NO/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4734. [PMID: 38731952 PMCID: PMC11083591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a Gram-negative oral pathogen, promotes and accelerates periodontitis-associated gut disorders. Intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction is crucial in the pathogenesis of intestinal and systemic diseases. In this study, we sought to elucidate the protective role of cinnamaldehyde (CNM, an activator of Nrf2) against P. gingivalis (W83) and Pg-derived lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction via antioxidative mechanisms in IEC-6 cells. IEC-6 (ATCC, CRL-1592) cells were pretreated with or without CNM (100 µM), in the presence or absence of P. gingivalis (strain W83, 109 MOI) or Pg-LPS (1, 10, and 100 µg/mL), respectively, between 0-72 h time points by adopting a co-culture method. Intestinal barrier function, cytokine secretion, and intestinal oxidative stress protein markers were analyzed. P. gingivalis or Pg-LPS significantly (p < 0.05) increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels expressing oxidative stress damage. Pg-LPS, as well as Pg alone, induces inflammatory cytokines via TLR-4 signaling. Furthermore, infection reduced Nrf2 and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). Interestingly, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression significantly (p < 0.05) increased with Pg-LPS or Pg infection, with elevated levels of nitric oxide (NO). CNM treatment suppressed both Pg- and Pg-LPS-induced intestinal oxidative stress damage by reducing ROS, MDA, and NO production. Furthermore, CNM treatment significantly upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins via increasing the phosphorylation levels of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 suppressing inflammatory cytokines. CNM protected against Pg infection-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction by activating the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2 signaling pathway in IEC-6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chethan Sampath
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
- Department of ODS & Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
| | - Sasanka S. Chukkapalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Abhinav V. Raju
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA;
| | | | - Dollada Srisai
- Department of ODS & Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
| | - Pandu R. Gangula
- Department of ODS & Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
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3
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Lee M, Kwon S. Enhanced cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells from increased calcium influx induced by electrical stimulation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302406. [PMID: 38635551 PMCID: PMC11025832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in immunosurveillance independent of antigen presentation, which is regulated by signal balance via activating and inhibitory receptors. The anti-tumor activity of NK cells is largely dependent on signaling from target recognition to cytolytic degranulation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear, and NK cell cytotoxicity is readily impaired by tumor cells. Understanding the activation mechanism is necessary to overcome the immune evasion mechanism, which remains an obstacle in immunotherapy. Because calcium ions are important activators of NK cells, we hypothesized that electrical stimulation could induce changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels, thereby improving the functional potential of NK cells. In this study, we designed an electrical stimulation system and observed a correlation between elevated Ca2+ flux induced by electrical stimulation and NK cell activation. Breast cancer MCF-7 cells co-cultured with electrically stimulated KHYG-1 cells showed a 1.27-fold (0.5 V/cm) and 1.55-fold (1.0 V/cm) higher cytotoxicity, respectively. Electrically stimulated KHYG-1 cells exhibited a minor increase in Ca2+ level (1.31-fold (0.5 V/cm) and 1.11-fold (1.0 V/cm) higher), which also led to increased gene expression of granzyme B (GZMB) by 1.36-fold (0.5 V/cm) and 1.58-fold (1.0 V/cm) by activating Ca2+-dependent nuclear factor of activated T cell 1 (NFAT1). In addition, chelating Ca2+ influx with 5 μM BAPTA-AM suppressed the gene expression of Ca2+ signaling and lytic granule (granzyme B) proteins by neutralizing the effects of electrical stimulation. This study suggests a promising immunotherapeutic approach without genetic modifications and elucidates the correlation between cytolytic effector function and intracellular Ca2+ levels in electrically stimulated NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseon Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Soonjo Kwon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
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4
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Garrido P, Casas-Benito A, Larrayoz IM, Narro-Íñiguez J, Rubio-Mediavilla S, Zozaya E, Martín-Carnicero A, Martínez A. Expression of Mitochondrial Long Non-Coding RNAs, MDL1 and MDL1AS, Are Good Prognostic and/or Diagnostic Biomarkers for Several Cancers, Including Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:960. [PMID: 38473321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs provide new opportunities to identify biomarkers that properly classify cancer patients. Here, we study the biomarker status of the mitochondrial long non-coding RNAs, MDL1 and MDL1AS. Expression of these genes was studied in public transcriptomic databases. In addition, a cohort of 69 locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with a follow-up of more than 5 years was used to determine the prognostic value of these markers. Furthermore, cell lines of colorectal (HCT116) and breast (MDA-MB-231) carcinoma were employed to study the effects of downregulating MDL1AS in vitro. Expression of MDL1AS (but not MDL1) was significantly different in tumor cells than in the surrounding tissue in a tumor-type-specific context. Both MDL1 and MDL1AS were accurate biomarkers for the 5-year survival of LARC patients (p = 0.040 and p = 0.007, respectively) with promising areas under the curve in the ROC analyses (0.820 and 0.930, respectively). MDL1AS downregulation reduced mitochondrial respiration in both cell lines. Furthermore, this downregulation produced a decrease in growth and migration on colorectal cells, but the reverse effects on breast cancer cells. In summary, MDL1 and MDL1AS can be used as reliable prognostic biomarkers of LARC, and MDL1AS expression provides relevant information on the diagnosis of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Garrido
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Adrián Casas-Benito
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ignacio M Larrayoz
- Department of Nursing, Biomarkers, Artificial Intelligence and Signaling (BIAS), University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Judit Narro-Íñiguez
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Zozaya
- Pathology Service, Hospital de Calahorra, 26500 Calahorra, Spain
| | | | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
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5
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Abeesh P, Guruvayoorappan C. Withaferin A-Encapsulated PEGylated Nanoliposomes Induce Apoptosis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells by Regulating Bcl2 and Bcl xl Genes and Mitigates Murine Solid Tumor Development. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:29-42. [PMID: 38505911 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2023046909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Withaferin A (WA) is a natural steroidal lactone with promising pharmacological activities, but its poor solubility and bioavailability hinder its clinical application. The liposomal drug delivery system has attracted considerable attention to overcome the delivery limitations of pharmacological agents. The present study investigated the effect of WA-loaded pegylated nanoliposomes (LWA) on in vitro and in vivo B16F10 melanoma tumor models. In vitro results showed that LWA had significantly (P < 0.01) higher cytotoxicity than free WA and induced ROS-mediated apoptosis in B16F10 cells. Transwell cell migration and invasion studies demonstrated that LWA treatment significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the migratory and invasive capacities of melanoma cells compared with WA. In vivo study revealed that treatment significantly (P < 0.01) reduced tumor growth in experimental animals compared with WA or tumor control. Also, LWA administration remarkably inhibited tumor cell proliferation by downregulating the expression of Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 and induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bax, Bcl2, and Bcl xl levels. Our results strongly suggest that LWA could be a promising therapeutic formulation for treating malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathapan Abeesh
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India
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6
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Bodac A, Mayet A, Rana S, Pascual J, Bowler AD, Roh V, Fournier N, Craciun L, Demetter P, Radtke F, Meylan E. Bcl-xL targeting eliminates ageing tumor-promoting neutrophils and inhibits lung tumor growth. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:158-184. [PMID: 38177532 PMCID: PMC10897164 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-023-00013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Elevated peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating neutrophils are often associated with a poor patient prognosis. However, therapeutic strategies to target these cells are difficult to implement due to the life-threatening risk of neutropenia. In a genetically engineered mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma, tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) demonstrate tumor-supportive capacities and have a prolonged lifespan compared to circulating neutrophils. Here, we show that tumor cell-derived GM-CSF triggers the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL protein and enhances neutrophil survival through JAK/STAT signaling. Targeting Bcl-xL activity with a specific BH3 mimetic, A-1331852, blocked the induced neutrophil survival without impacting their normal lifespan. Specifically, oral administration with A-1331852 decreased TAN survival and abundance, and reduced tumor growth without causing neutropenia. We also show that G-CSF, a drug used to combat neutropenia in patients receiving chemotherapy, increased the proportion of young TANs and augmented the anti-tumor effect resulting from Bcl-xL blockade. Finally, our human tumor data indicate the same role for Bcl-xL on pro-tumoral neutrophil survival. These results altogether provide preclinical evidence for safe neutrophil targeting based on their aberrant intra-tumor longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bodac
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Abdullah Mayet
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular Biology, Université libre de Bruxelles, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium
- Lung Cancer and Immuno-Oncology laboratory, Bordet Cancer Research Laboratories, Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
- ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Sarika Rana
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular Biology, Université libre de Bruxelles, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium
- Lung Cancer and Immuno-Oncology laboratory, Bordet Cancer Research Laboratories, Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
- ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Justine Pascual
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amber D Bowler
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Roh
- Translational Data Science - Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Agora Cancer Research Center, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Fournier
- Translational Data Science - Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Agora Cancer Research Center, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ligia Craciun
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Pieter Demetter
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Freddy Radtke
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular Biology, Université libre de Bruxelles, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium.
- Lung Cancer and Immuno-Oncology laboratory, Bordet Cancer Research Laboratories, Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium.
- ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) and ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium.
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7
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Dorogova NV, Fedorova SA, Bolobolova EU, Baricheva EM. The misregulation of mitochondria-associated genes caused by GAGA-factor lack promotes autophagic germ cell death in Drosophila testes. Genetica 2023; 151:349-355. [PMID: 37819589 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-023-00197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The Drosophila GAGA-factor encoded by the Trithorax-like (Trl) gene is DNA-binding protein with unusually wide range of applications in diverse cell contexts. In Drosophila spermatogenesis, reduced GAGA expression caused by Trl mutations induces mass autophagy leading to germ cell death. In this work, we investigated the contribution of mitochondrial abnormalities to autophagic germ cell death in Trl gene mutants. Using a cytological approach, in combination with an analysis of high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, we demonstrated that the GAGA deficiency led to considerable defects in mitochondrial ultrastructure, by causing misregulation of GAGA target genes encoding essential components of mitochondrial molecular machinery. Mitochondrial anomalies induced excessive production of reactive oxygen species and their release into the cytoplasm, thereby provoking oxidative stress. Changes in transcription levels of some GAGA-independent genes in the Trl mutants indicated that testis cells experience ATP deficiency and metabolic aberrations, that may trigger extensive autophagy progressing to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Dorogova
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
| | - Svetlana A Fedorova
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Elena U Bolobolova
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Elina M Baricheva
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
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8
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Pervushin NV, Kopeina GS, Zhivotovsky B. Bcl-B: an "unknown" protein of the Bcl-2 family. Biol Direct 2023; 18:69. [PMID: 37899453 PMCID: PMC10614328 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-B is a poorly understood protein of the Bcl-2 family that is highly expressed in many healthy tissues and tumor types. Bcl-B is considered an antiapoptotic protein, but many reports have revealed its contradictory roles in different cancer types. In this mini-review, we elucidate the functions of Bcl-B in normal conditions and various pathologies, its regulation of programmed cell death, its oncogene/oncosuppressor activity in tumorigenesis, its impact on drug-acquired resistance, and possible approaches to inhibit Bcl-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Pervushin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - G S Kopeina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - B Zhivotovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Box 210, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.
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9
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Kyrgiafini MA, Giannoulis T, Chatziparasidou A, Christoforidis N, Mamuris Z. Unveiling the Genetic Complexity of Teratozoospermia: Integrated Genomic Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into lncRNAs' Role in Male Infertility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15002. [PMID: 37834450 PMCID: PMC10573971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a global health issue, affecting over 20 million men worldwide. Genetic factors are crucial in various male infertility forms, including teratozoospermia. Nonetheless, the genetic causes of male infertility remain largely unexplored. In this study, we employed whole-genome sequencing and RNA expression analysis to detect differentially expressed (DE) long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in teratozoospermia, along with mutations that are exclusive to teratozoospermic individuals within these DE lncRNAs regions. Bioinformatic tools were used to assess variants' impact on lncRNA structure, function, and lncRNA-miRNA interactions. Our analysis identified 1166 unique mutations in teratozoospermic men within DE lncRNAs, distinguishing them from normozoospermic men. Among these, 64 variants in 23 lncRNAs showed potential regulatory roles, 7 variants affected 4 lncRNA structures, while 37 variants in 17 lncRNAs caused miRNA target loss or gain. Pathway Enrichment and Gene Ontology analyses of the genes targeted by the affected miRNAs revealed dysregulated pathways in teratozoospermia and a link between male infertility and cancer. This study lists novel variants and lncRNAs associated for the first time with teratozoospermia. These findings pave the way for future studies aiming to enhance diagnosis and therapy in the field of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Anna Kyrgiafini
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Themistoklis Giannoulis
- Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Bioinformatics, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Thessaly, Gaiopolis, 41336 Larissa, Greece
| | - Alexia Chatziparasidou
- Embryolab IVF Unit, St. 173-175 Ethnikis Antistaseos, Kalamaria, 55134 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Zissis Mamuris
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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10
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Qin H, Zheng G, Li Q, Shen L. Metabolic reprogramming induced by DCA enhances cisplatin sensitivity through increasing mitochondrial oxidative stress in cholangiocarcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1128312. [PMID: 37818192 PMCID: PMC10560739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1128312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cholangiocarcinoma has obvious primary multidrug resistance and is generally resistant to cisplatin and other chemotherapy drugs and high glycolytic levels may be associated with chemotherapy resistance of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a specific inhibitor of PDK, which can promote mitochondrial aerobic oxidation process by activating PDH. In the past few years, there have been an increasing number of studies supporting the action of DCA against cancer, which also provided evidence for targeting metabolism to enhance the efficacy of cholangiocarcinoma chemotherapy. Methods: Glucose uptake and lactic acid secretion were used to detect cell metabolism level. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected to confirm cell fate induced by cisplatin combined with DCA. Mito-TEMPO was used to inhibit mtROS to explore the relationship between oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest induced by DCA under cisplatin stress. Finally, PCR array and autophagy inhibitor CQ were used to explore the potential protective mechanism under cell stress. Results: DCA changed the metabolic model from glycolysis to aerobic oxidation in cholangiocarcinoma cells under cisplatin stress. This metabolic reprogramming increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) levels, which promoted cell cycle arrest, increased the expression of antioxidant genes and activated autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy further increased the synergistic effect of DCA and cisplatin. Conclusion: DCA increased cisplatin sensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma cells via increasing the mitochondria oxidative stress and cell growth inhibition. Synergistic effects of DCA and CQ were observed in cholangiocarcinoma cells, which further increased the cisplatin sensitivity via both metabolic reprogramming and inhibition of the stress response autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ge Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Luyan Shen
- Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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11
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Alvarez-Rivera E, Ortiz-Hernández EJ, Lugo E, Lozada-Reyes LM, Boukli NM. Oncogenic Proteomics Approaches for Translational Research and HIV-Associated Malignancy Mechanisms. Proteomes 2023; 11:22. [PMID: 37489388 PMCID: PMC10366845 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of proteomics have allowed extensive insights into the molecular regulations of the cell proteome. Specifically, this allows researchers to dissect a multitude of signaling arrays while targeting for the discovery of novel protein signatures. These approaches based on data mining are becoming increasingly powerful for identifying both potential disease mechanisms as well as indicators for disease progression and overall survival predictive and prognostic molecular markers for cancer. Furthermore, mass spectrometry (MS) integrations satisfy the ongoing demand for in-depth biomarker validation. For the purpose of this review, we will highlight the current developments based on MS sensitivity, to place quantitative proteomics into clinical settings and provide a perspective to integrate proteomics data for future applications in cancer precision medicine. We will also discuss malignancies associated with oncogenic viruses such as Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and suggest novel mechanisms behind this phenomenon. Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) proteins are known to be oncogenic per se, to induce oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses, and to be released from the infected or expressing cells. HIV-1 proteins can act alone or in collaboration with other known oncoproteins, which cause the bulk of malignancies in people living with HIV-1 on ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Alvarez-Rivera
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA
| | - Emanuel J. Ortiz-Hernández
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA
| | - Elyette Lugo
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA
| | | | - Nawal M. Boukli
- Biomedical Proteomics Facility, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Universidad Central del Caribe, School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA
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Roh J, Pak HK, Jeong S, Hwang S, Kim DE, Choi HS, Kim SJ, Kim H, Cho H, Park JS, Jeong SH, Choi YS, Han JH, Yoon DH, Park CS. The comprehensive expression of BCL2 family genes determines the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 673:36-43. [PMID: 37356143 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a prevalent and aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 40% of patients succumb to death. Despite numerous clinical trials aimed at developing treatment strategies beyond the conventional R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) regimen, there have been no positive results thus far. Although the selective BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax has shown remarkable efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, its therapeutic effect in DLBCL was limited. We hypothesized that the limited therapeutic effect of venetoclax in DLBCL may be attributed to the complex expression and interactions of BCL2 family members, including BCL2. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively analyze the expression patterns of BCL2 family members in DLBCL. We analyzed 157 patients with de novo DLBCL diagnosed at Asan Medical Center and Ajou University Hospital. The mRNA expression levels of BCL2 family members were quantified using the NanoString technology. BCL2 family members showed distinct heterogeneous expression patterns both intra- and inter-patient. Using unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis, we were able to classify patients with similar BCL2 family expression pattern and select groups with clear prognostic features, C1 and C6. In the group with the best prognosis, C1, the expression of pro-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic BH3-only group gene expressions were increased, while anti-apoptotic group expression was significantly increased in both C1 and C6. Based on this, we generated the BCL2 signature score using the expression of pro-apoptotic genes BOK and BCL2L15, and anti-apoptotic gene BCL2. The BCL2 signature score 0 had the best prognosis, score 1/2 had intermediate prognosis, and score 3 had the worst prognosis (EFS, p = 0.0054; OS, p = 0.0011). Multivariate analysis, including COO and IPI, showed that increase in the BCL2 signature score was significantly associated with poor prognosis for EFS, independent of COO and IPI. The BCL2 signature score we proposed in this study provides information on BCL2 family deregulation based on the equilibrium of pro-versus anti-apoptotic BCL2 family, which can aid in the development of new treatment strategies for DLBCL in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo-Kyung Pak
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seongfeel Jeong
- Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sewon Hwang
- Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do Eon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwal-Seok Choi
- Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Jeong Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunji Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyungwoo Cho
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joon Seong Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Hyun Jeong
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon Seok Choi
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Ho Han
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dok Hyun Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Bera A, Singh S, D'Souza JS, Hosur RV, Mishra P. Effect of UV Stress on the Structure and Function of Pro-apoptotic Bid and Anti-apoptotic Bcl-xl proteins. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200682. [PMID: 36597005 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet C (UV-C) radiation induces apoptosis in mammalian cells via the mitochondrion-mediated pathway. The Bcl-2 family of proteins are the regulators of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and appears responsive to UV-C radiation. It is unknown how the structure and, effectively, the function of these proteins are directly impacted by UV-C exposure. Here, we present the effect of UV-C irradiation on the structure and function of pro-apoptotic Bid-FL and anti-apoptotic Bcl-xlΔC proteins. Using a variety of biophysical tools, we show that, following UV-C irradiation, the structures of Bcl-xlΔC and Bid-FL are irreversibly altered. Bcl-xLΔC is found to be more sensitive to UV stress than Bid-FL Interestingly, UV-C exposure shows dramatic chemical shift perturbations in consequence of dramatic structural perturbations (α-helix to β-sheet) in the BH3- binding region, a crucial segment of Bcl-xlΔC. Furter it has been shown that UV-exposed Bcl-xlΔC has reduced efficacy of its interactions with pro-apoptotic tBid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Bera
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Suraj Singh
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Jacinta S D'Souza
- Department of Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Ramakrishna V Hosur
- Department of Biology, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
| | - Pushpa Mishra
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai Santacruz (E) Kalina, Mumbai, 400101, India
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Weidemann H, Feger D, Ehlert JE, Menger MM, Krempien RC. Markedly divergent effects of Ouabain on a Temozolomide-resistant (T98G) vs. a Temozolomide-sensitive (LN229) Glioblastoma cell line. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:27. [PMID: 36840822 PMCID: PMC9968366 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. GMB are highly recurrent mainly because of radio- and chemoresistance. Radiotherapy with Temozolomide (TMZ) is until today the golden standard adjuvant therapy, however, the optimal treatment of recurrent glioblastoma remains controversial. Ouabain belongs to the Cardiotonic Steroids (CTS) the natural ligands of the Na/K-ATPase (NKA). It is established that the NKA represents a signal transducer with either stimulating or inhibiting cell growth, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis. Over the last decade evidence grew that CTS have anti-tumor properties especially in GBM. AIM Proceeding from recent studies we wanted to further demonstrate a divergent effect of Ouabain on a TMZ-resistant (T98G) as compared to a TMZ-sensitive (LN229) GBM cell line. METHODS We analyzed the effect of Ouabain on cell migration and plasma cell membrane potential (PCMP) in the LN229 and T98G GBM cell line as well as underlying mechanisms (Bcl-2 and p-Akt/pan-Akt expression). Moreover, we analyzed the anti-angiogenic effect of Ouabain on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS T98G cells showed a significant inhibition of cell migration and a significant depolarization of the PCMP at similar Ouabain concentrations (IC50 = 1.67 × 10-7 M) resp. (IC50 = 2.72 × 10-7 M) with a strong inverse correlation (R2 = 0.95). In contrast, LN229 cells did not respond to Ouabain in these assays at all. Similarly, only T98G but not LN229 cells revealed Bcl-2 down-regulation at nanomolar Ouabain concentrations. This unique response to Ouabain is associated with a down-regulation of pan-Akt in T98G cells 24 h after Ouabain (1.0 × 10-6 M) treatment. For the first time, the anti-angiogenic effect of Ouabain on HUVEC cells (IC50 = 5.49 × 10-8 M) was demonstrated which correlated strongly with the anti-migratory effect (R2 = 0.85). CONCLUSION The TMZ-resistant T98G cell line as compared to the TMZ-sensitive LN229 cell line shows a high sensitivity towards Ouabain. We consider it as a promising new compound especially in recurrent GBM to overcome the resistance to TMZ and irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Weidemann
- Clinic for Radiotherapy, HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Feger
- Reaction Biology Europe GmbH, Engesserstr.4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan E. Ehlert
- Reaction Biology Europe GmbH, Engesserstr.4, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcus M. Menger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Robert C. Krempien
- Clinic for Radiotherapy, HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Schwanebecker Chaussee 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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Krawiec K, Strzałka P, Czemerska M, Wiśnik A, Zawlik I, Wierzbowska A, Pluta A. Targeting Apoptosis in AML: Where Do We Stand? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14204995. [PMID: 36291779 PMCID: PMC9600036 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14204995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), genetic mutations can cause cells to evade regulated cell death (RCD), resulting in excessive cell proliferation. The best-known form of RCD is apoptosis, which prevents the emergence of cancer cells; disturbances in this process are an important factor in the development and progression of AML. Clearly, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of apoptosis to establish a personalized, patient-specific approach in AML therapy. Therefore, this paper comprehensively reviews the current range of AML treatment approaches related to apoptosis and highlights other promising concepts such as neddylation. Abstract More than 97% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) demonstrate genetic mutations leading to excessive proliferation combined with the evasion of regulated cell death (RCD). The most prominent and well-defined form of RCD is apoptosis, which serves as a defense mechanism against the emergence of cancer cells. Apoptosis is regulated in part by the BCL-2 family of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, whose balance can significantly determine cell survival. Apoptosis evasion plays a key role in tumorigenesis and drug resistance, and thus in the development and progression of AML. Research on the structural and biochemical aspects of apoptosis proteins and their regulators offers promise for new classes of targeted therapies and strategies for therapeutic intervention. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current AML treatment options related to the mechanism of apoptosis, particularly its mitochondrial pathway, and other promising concepts such as neddylation. It pays particular attention to clinically-relevant aspects of current and future AML treatment approaches, highlighting the molecular basis of individual therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Krawiec
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Strzałka
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Czemerska
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aneta Wiśnik
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Izabela Zawlik
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbowska
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pluta
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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The molecular mechanisms of vulpinic acid induced programmed cell death in melanoma. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8273-8280. [PMID: 35960408 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07619-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Malignant melanoma is an aggressive skin tumor with a rapidly increasing incidence and there is not yet a successful treatment strategy. Vulpinic acid (VA) is derived from secondary metabolites from lichen species. In the current study, we, for the first time, investigated the anti-cancer effects of VA and the underlying mechanism VA induced programmed cell death in melanoma. METHODS The anti-cancer effects of VA on melanoma cells were evaluated by the xCELLigence system, flow cytometry, caspase-3 activity and RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that VA had a strong anti-proliferative effect on A-375 melanoma cells without damaging human epidermal melanocyte cells. Additionally, VA promoted apoptotic cell death through G2/M arrest and the activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways according to the analysis of 88 genes associated with apoptosis by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that VA could become an alternative topical and transdermal treatment strategy in the treatment of maligned melanoma cancer. However, further investigations are needed to assess the underlying molecular mechanism of VA mediated apoptotic cell death in the treatment of melanoma.
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17
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Agborbesong E, Li LX, Li L, Li X. Molecular Mechanisms of Epigenetic Regulation, Inflammation, and Cell Death in ADPKD. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:922428. [PMID: 35847973 PMCID: PMC9277309 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.922428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder, which is caused by mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, characterizing by progressive growth of multiple cysts in the kidneys, eventually leading to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and requiring renal replacement therapy. In addition, studies indicate that disease progression is as a result of a combination of factors. Understanding the molecular mechanisms, therefore, should facilitate the development of precise therapeutic strategies for ADPKD treatment. The roles of epigenetic modulation, interstitial inflammation, and regulated cell death have recently become the focuses in ADPKD. Different epigenetic regulators, and the presence of inflammatory markers detectable even before cyst growth, have been linked to cyst progression. Moreover, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, such as macrophages and T cells, have been associated with cyst growth and deteriorating renal function in humans and PKD animal models. There is evidence supporting a direct role of the PKD gene mutations to the regulation of epigenetic mechanisms and inflammatory response in ADPKD. In addition, the role of regulated cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis, have been investigated in ADPKD. However, there is no consensus whether cell death promotes or delays cyst growth in ADPKD. It is therefore necessary to develop an interactive picture between PKD gene mutations, the epigenome, inflammation, and cell death to understand why inherited PKD gene mutations in patients may result in the dysregulation of these processes that increase the progression of renal cyst formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewud Agborbesong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Linda Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Duan F, Gao Y, Peng X, Meng X, Chang J, Gan Y, Ouyang Q, Ruan H. [11]-chaetoglobosins with cytotoxic activities from Pseudeurotium bakeri. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106011. [PMID: 35841670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen new [11]-chaetoglobosins (1-14), along with two known congeners, cytochalasins X and Y (15 and 16), were isolated from the cultures of an endophytic fungus Pseudeurotium bakeri P1-1-1. Their structures incorporating absolute configurations were elucidated based on the comprehensive analyses of one- and two-dimensional NMR data, HRESIMS spectrometry, chemical methods, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (Cu Kα). All isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities and chaetopseudeurin M (1) displayed significant cytotoxic effects against seven human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 5.1 ± 0.9 to 10.8 ± 0.1 μM. Western blot experiments exhibited that compound 1 exerted its cytotoxic effect in MCF-7 cells by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via downregulating the expression of cyclin B1 and Cdk1, and activating Bcl-2/caspase-3/PARP pathway, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianggao Meng
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinling Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutian Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianxi Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanli Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Yang J, Zhang J, Gao X, Luo R, Xie K, Wang W, Li J, Yang Q, Huang X, Yan Z, Wang P, Gun S. FTO Regulates Apoptosis in CPB2-Treated IPEC-J2 Cells by Targeting Caspase 3 Apoptotic Protein. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131644. [PMID: 35804542 PMCID: PMC9264887 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification can accommodate mRNA processing, stability, and translation in mammals, and fat mass and obesity associated protein (FTO) is a vital demethylase in the m6A modification pathway. Clostridium perfringens type C (C. perfringens type C) causes diarrhea in piglets and has a serious impact on the pig industry. However, our understanding of the effect of m6A in the process of C. perfringens type C infectious piglet diarrhea (CPTCIPD) is limited. Here, an in vitro model of CPTCIPD was constructed by treating the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2) with Clostridium perfringens beta2 (CPB2) toxin, and the role of FTO was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. The results revealed that the overall RNA m6A contents at the tissue and cell levels were significantly up-regulated after C. perfringens infection (p < 0.05). FTO expression was significantly reduced in CPB2-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Functionally, FTO knockdown in the treated cells inhibited their proliferation and promoted apoptosis and the inflammation phenotype, whereas FTO overexpression had the opposite effects. Inhibiting FTO prolonged the half-life and up-regulated the expression of Caspase 3, leading to apoptosis. Therefore, this work explored the regulation of FTO in IPEC-J2 cells after CPB2 treatment and enhanced our understanding of the effect of the m6A modification in CPTCIPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Juanli Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Ruirui Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Kaihui Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China;
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Zunqiang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Shuangbao Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
- Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence:
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20
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Labrie M, Brugge JS, Mills GB, Zervantonakis IK. Therapy resistance: opportunities created by adaptive responses to targeted therapies in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:323-339. [PMID: 35264777 PMCID: PMC9149051 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Normal cells explore multiple states to survive stresses encountered during development and self-renewal as well as environmental stresses such as starvation, DNA damage, toxins or infection. Cancer cells co-opt normal stress mitigation pathways to survive stresses that accompany tumour initiation, progression, metastasis and immune evasion. Cancer therapies accentuate cancer cell stresses and invoke rapid non-genomic stress mitigation processes that maintain cell viability and thus represent key targetable resistance mechanisms. In this Review, we describe mechanisms by which tumour ecosystems, including cancer cells, immune cells and stroma, adapt to therapeutic stresses and describe three different approaches to exploit stress mitigation processes: (1) interdict stress mitigation to induce cell death; (2) increase stress to induce cellular catastrophe; and (3) exploit emergent vulnerabilities in cancer cells and cells of the tumour microenvironment. We review challenges associated with tumour heterogeneity, prioritizing actionable adaptive responses for optimal therapeutic outcomes, and development of an integrative framework to identify and target vulnerabilities that arise from adaptive responses and engagement of stress mitigation pathways. Finally, we discuss the need to monitor adaptive responses across multiple scales and translation of combination therapies designed to take advantage of adaptive responses and stress mitigation pathways to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyne Labrie
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Joan S Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ioannis K Zervantonakis
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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21
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Adinew GM, Messeha SS, Taka E, Badisa RB, Antonie LM, Soliman KFA. Thymoquinone Alterations of the Apoptotic Gene Expressions and Cell Cycle Arrest in Genetically Distinct Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:2120. [PMID: 35631261 PMCID: PMC9144154 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women. triple-negative breast Cancer (TNBC), a subtype of BC, is typically associated with the highest pathogenic grade and incidence in premenopausal and young African American (AA) women. Chemotherapy, the most common treatment for TNBC today, can lead to acquired resistance and ineffective treatment. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to combat medication resistance and ineffectiveness in TNBC patients. Thymoquinone (TQ) is shown to have a cytotoxic effect on human cancer cells in vitro. However, TQ's mode of action and precise mechanism in TNBC disease in vitro have not been adequately investigated. Therefore, TQ's effects on the genetically different MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines were assessed. The data obtained show that TQ displayed cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner after 24 h, with IC50 values of 25.37 µM and 27.39 µM, respectively. Moreover, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells in a scratched wound-healing assay displayed poor wound closure, inhibiting invasion and migration via cell cycle blocking after 24 h. TQ arrested the cell cycle phase in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. The three cell cycle stages in MDA-MB-468 cells were significantly affected at 15 and 20 µM for G0/G1 and S phases, as well as all TQ concentrations for G2/M phases. In MDA-MB-468 cells, there was a significant decrease in G0/G1 phases with a substantial increase in the S phase and G2/M phases. In contrast, MDA-MB-231 showed a significant effect only during the two cell cycle stages (S and G2/M), at concentrations of 15 and 20 µM for S phases and all TQ values for G2/M phases. The TQ effect on the apoptotic gene profiles indicated that TQ upregulated 15 apoptotic genes in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, including caspases, GADD45A, TP53, DFFA, DIABLO, BNIP3, TRAF2/3, and TNFRSF10A. In MDA-MB-468 cells, 16 apoptotic genes were upregulated, including TNFRSF10A, TNF, TNFRSF11B, FADD TNFRSF10B, CASP2, and TRAF2, all of which are important for the apoptotic pathway andsuppress the expression of one anti-apoptotic gene, BIRC5, in MDA-MB-231 cells. Compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, elevated levels of TNF and their receptor proteins may contribute to their increased sensitivity to TQ-induced apoptosis. It was concluded from this study that TQ targets the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells differently. Additionally, due to the aggressive nature of TNBC and the lack of specific therapies in chemoresistant TNBC, our findings related to the identified apoptotic gene profile may point to TQ as a potential agent for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (G.M.A.); (S.S.M.); (E.T.); (R.B.B.); (L.M.A.)
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22
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Chen L, Qing J, Xiao Y, Huang X, Chi Y, Chen Z. TIM-1 promotes proliferation and metastasis, and inhibits apoptosis, in cervical cancer through the PI3K/AKT/p53 pathway. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:370. [PMID: 35392845 PMCID: PMC8991826 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-1 (TIM-1) has been reported to be associated with the biological behavior of several malignant tumors; however, it is not clear whether it has a role in cervical cancer (CC). Methods TIM-1 expression in cervical epithelial tumor tissues and cells was detected by immunohistochemistry or real-time quantitative-PCR and western blotting. CC cells from cell lines expressing low levels of TIM-1 were infected with lentiviral vectors encoding TIM-1. Changes in the malignant behavior of CC cells were assessed by CCK-8, wound healing, Transwell migration and invasion assays, and flow cytometry in vitro; while a xenograft tumor model was established to analyze the effects of TIM-1 on tumor growth in vivo. Changes in the levels of proteins related to the cell cycle, apoptosis, and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were determined by western blotting. Results TIM-1 expression was higher in CC tissues, than in high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or normal cervical tissues, and was also expressed in three CC cell lines. In HeLa and SiHa cells overexpressing TIM-1, proliferation, invasion, and migration increased, while whereas apoptosis was inhibited. Furthermore, TIM-1 downregulated the expression of p53, BAX, and E-cadherin, and increased cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Snail1, N-cadherin, vimentin, MMP-2, and VEGF. PI3K, p-AKT, and mTOR protein levels also increased, while total AKT protein levels remained unchanged. Conclusions Our study indicated that TIM-1 overexpression promoted cell migration and invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis in CC through modulation of the PI3K/AKT/p53 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, and may be a candidate diagnostic biomarker of this disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09386-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyan Chen
- Joint Inspection Center of Precision Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, the first affiliated hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jilin Qing
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Huang
- Joint Inspection Center of Precision Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Chi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the first affiliated hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhong Chen
- Joint Inspection Center of Precision Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Roufayel R, Younes K, Al-Sabi A, Murshid N. BH3-Only Proteins Noxa and Puma Are Key Regulators of Induced Apoptosis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020256. [PMID: 35207544 PMCID: PMC8875537 DOI: 10.3390/life12020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved and tightly regulated cell death pathway. Physiological cell death is important for maintaining homeostasis and optimal biological conditions by continuous elimination of undesired or superfluous cells. The BH3-only pro-apoptotic members are strong inducers of apoptosis. The pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Noxa activates multiple death pathways by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, Mcl-1, and other protein members leading to Bax and Bak activation and MOMP. On the other hand, Puma is induced by p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptotic stimuli in several cancer cell lines. Moreover, this protein is involved in several physiological and pathological processes, such as immunity, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Future heat shock research could disclose the effect of hyperthermia on both Noxa and BH3-only proteins. This suggests post-transcriptional mechanisms controlling the translation of both Puma and Noxa mRNA in heat-shocked cells. This study was also the chance to recapitulate the different reactional mechanisms investigated for caspases.
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24
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The complex interplay between autophagy and cell death pathways. Biochem J 2022; 479:75-90. [PMID: 35029627 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a universal cellular homeostatic process, required for the clearance of dysfunctional macromolecules or organelles. This self-digestion mechanism modulates cell survival, either directly by targeting cell death players, or indirectly by maintaining cellular balance and bioenergetics. Nevertheless, under acute or accumulated stress, autophagy can also contribute to promote different modes of cell death, either through highly regulated signalling events, or in a more uncontrolled inflammatory manner. Conversely, apoptotic or necroptotic factors have also been implicated in the regulation of autophagy, while specific factors regulate both processes. Here, we survey both earlier and recent findings, highlighting the intricate interaction of autophagic and cell death pathways. We, Furthermore, discuss paradigms, where this cross-talk is disrupted, in the context of disease.
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25
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Lee HJ, Lee JH, Lee SM, Kim NH, Moon YG, Tak TK, Hyun M, Heo JD. Cadmium induces cytotoxicity in normal mouse renal MM55.K cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:131-140. [PMID: 32191530 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1739236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of cadmium (Cd) occurs through accumulation in the environment. The precise mechanism underlying Cd toxicity remains unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we studied the effects of Cd on MM55.K cells and investigated the mechanisms underlying Cd-induced cell death. CdCl2 significantly elevated apoptotic cell death, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) loss, and caspase-dependent cell death. Moreover, immunoblotting results revealed that CdCl2 down-regulated the inhibitor of apoptotic protein such as survivin and Bcl-2 which led to the activation of caspase-3 and the cleavage of PARP in MM55.K cells. Besides, CdCl2 caused the up-regulation of ROS-related proteins such as HO-1 and ER stress-related proteins such as GRP78 and CHOP in MM55.K cells. CdCl2 toxicity resulted in the down-regulation of the AKT pathway that leads to the up-regulation of phosphorylated JNK and p38 in MM55.K cells. Thus, CdCl2 induce toxicity by AKT/MAPK regulation and causing ROS production, ER stress, ΔΨm loss, and apoptotic cell death in normal mouse renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jeong Lee
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hong Lee
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Min Lee
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Hyun Kim
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Gyu Moon
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kil Tak
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonjung Hyun
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Doo Heo
- Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science & Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju, Republic of Korea
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26
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Khaksar S, Bigdeli M, Samiee A, Shirazi-zand Z. Antioxidant and Anti-apoptotic Effects of Cannabidiol in Model of Ischemic Stroke in Rats. Brain Res Bull 2022; 180:118-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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27
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Lin J, Zhang L, Wang Z, Guan Q, Bao K, Wu L. G 2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by COH-203 in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:815. [PMID: 34671429 PMCID: PMC8503807 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The combretastatin A-4/oltipraz hybrid (COH), 5-(3-amino-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-one (COH-203) is one of the COH compounds synthesized by our previous study, which has been reported to affect a number of cancer cell lines, such as SGC-7901, KB, HT-1080, HepG2, SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402. The sensitivity of human acute leukemia cell lines to COH-203, and the mechanism underlying its anti-proliferative effects remain unknown, which was investigated in the present study. In the present study, it was demonstrated that COH-203 had notable time- and dose-dependent antiproliferative effects on the human acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line. Furthermore, COH-203 treatment resulted in cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner, and subsequently induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that upregulation of cyclin B was associated with G2/M arrest. In addition, treatment with COH-203 resulted in downregulated expression of Bcl-2. This result revealed that COH-203-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells may occur via the mitochondrial pathway in a caspase-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Lin
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China.,Department of Circulatory, General Hospital of Fushun Mining Bureau, Fushun, Liaoning 113008, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Qi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Kai Bao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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28
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DU X, Xiao J, Fu X, Xu B, Han H, Wang Y, Pei X. A proteomic analysis of Bcl-2 regulation of cell cycle arrest: insight into the mechanisms. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:839-855. [PMID: 34636187 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is an important antiapoptotic gene that plays a dual role in the maintenance of the dynamic balance between the survival and death of cancer cells. In our previous study, Bcl-2 was shown to delay the G0/G1 to S phase entry by regulating the mitochondrial metabolic pathways to produce lower levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the detailed molecular mechanisms or pathways by which Bcl-2 regulates the cell cycle remain unknown. Here, we compared the effects of Bcl-2 overexpression with an empty vector control in the NIH3T3 cell line synchronized by serum starvation, and evaluated the effects using proteomic analysis. The effect of Bcl-2 on cell cycle regulation was detected by monitoring Bcl-2 and p27 expression. The result of subsequent proteomic analysis of Bcl-2 overexpressing cells identified 169 upregulated and 120 downregulated proteins with a 1.5-fold change. These differentially expressed proteins were enriched in a number of signaling pathways predominantly involving the ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation, according to the data of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. These results indicated that Bcl-2 potentially acts at the translation level to influence proteins or enzymes of the respiratory chain or in the ribosome, and thereby regulates the cell cycle. Additionally, differentially expressed proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation were determined to account for most of the effects of Bcl-2 on the cell cycle mediated by the mitochondrial pathway investigated in our previous study. These results can provide assistance for additional in-depth studies on the regulation of the cell cycle by Bcl-2. The results of the proteomic analysis determined the mechanism of Bcl-2-dependent delay of the cell cycle progression. In summary, the results of this study provide a novel mechanistic basis for identifying the key proteins or pathways for designing and developing precisely targeted cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing DU
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xufeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Hang Han
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China. .,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xiuying Pei
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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29
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Hounsell C, Fan Y. The Duality of Caspases in Cancer, as Told through the Fly. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8927. [PMID: 34445633 PMCID: PMC8396359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases, a family of cysteine-aspartic proteases, have an established role as critical components in the activation and initiation of apoptosis. Alongside this a variety of non-apoptotic caspase functions in proliferation, differentiation, cellular plasticity and cell migration have been reported. The activity level and context are important factors in determining caspase function. As a consequence of their critical role in apoptosis and beyond, caspases are uniquely situated to have pathological roles, including in cancer. Altered caspase function is a common trait in a variety of cancers, with apoptotic evasion defined as a "hallmark of cancer". However, the role that caspases play in cancer is much more complex, acting both to prevent and to promote tumourigenesis. This review focuses on the major findings in Drosophila on the dual role of caspases in tumourigenesis. This has major implications for cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with the activation of apoptosis being the end goal. However, such treatments may inadvertently have adverse effects on promoting tumour progression and acerbating the cancer. A comprehensive understanding of the dual role of caspases will aid in the development of successful cancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Fan
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
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30
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Li WT, Huang XF, Deng C, Zhang BH, Qian K, He M, Sun TL. Olanzapine Induces Inflammation and Immune Response via Activating ER Stress in the Rat Prefrontal Cortex. Curr Med Sci 2021; 41:788-802. [PMID: 34403105 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antipsychotics, in particular olanzapine, are first-line medications for schizophrenia. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is an important region for antipsychotics' therapeutic effects. The PFC inflammatory and immune pathways are associated with schizophrenia pathogenesis. However, the effect of antipsychotics on the inflammatory and immune pathways in the PFC remains unclear. We aimed to examined the time-dependent effect of olanzapine on inflammatory and immune markers in the PFC of rats. Since the inflammatory and immune pathways are related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we further investigated whether or not olanzapine-induced inflammation and immune responses were related to ER stress. METHODS Expression of pro-inflammatory markers including IkappaB kinase β (IKKβ), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β, and immune-related proteins including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) were examined by Western blotting. RESULTS Olanzapine treatments for 1, 8 and 36 days significantly activated the inflammatory IKKβ/NFκB signaling, and increased the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and immune-related proteins such as iNOS, TLR4 and CD14. Olanzapine treatment for 1 day, 8 and 36 days also induced ER stress in the PFC. Co-treatment with an ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyrate, inhibited olanzapine-induced inflammation and the immune response in the PFC. CONCLUSION These results suggested olanzapine exposure could be a factor that induces central inflammation and immunological abnormities in schizophrenia subjects. Olanzapine induces PFC inflammation and immune response, possibly via activating ER stress signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Chao Deng
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Bao-Hua Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meng He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Tao-Lei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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31
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Handschuh L, Wojciechowski P, Kazmierczak M, Lewandowski K. Transcript-Level Dysregulation of BCL2 Family Genes in Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133175. [PMID: 34202143 PMCID: PMC8267690 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of apoptosis-related BCL2 family genes, fine-tuned in normal cells, is dysregulated in many neoplasms. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), this problem has not been studied comprehensively. To address this issue, RNA-seq data were used to analyze the expression of 26 BCL2 family members in 27 AML FAB M1 and M2 patients, divided into subgroups differently responding to chemotherapy. A correlation analysis, analysis of variance, and Kaplan-Meier analysis were applied to associate the expression of particular genes with other gene expression, clinical features, and the presence of mutations detected by exome sequencing. The expression of BCL2 family genes was dysregulated in AML, as compared to healthy controls. An upregulation of anti-apoptotic and downregulation of pro-apoptotic genes was observed, though only a decrease in BMF, BNIP1, and HRK was statistically significant. In a group of patients resistant to chemotherapy, overexpression of BCL2L1 was manifested. In agreement with the literature data, our results reveal that BCL2L1 is one of the key players in apoptosis regulation in different types of tumors. An exome sequencing data analysis indicates that BCL2 family genes are not mutated in AML, but their expression is correlated with the mutational status of other genes, including those recurrently mutated in AML and splicing-related. High levels of some BCL2 family members, in particular BIK and BCL2L13, were associated with poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Handschuh
- Laboratory of Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618-528-503
| | - Pawel Wojciechowski
- Laboratory of Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Computing Science, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Maciej Kazmierczak
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Krzysztof Lewandowski
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (K.L.)
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Yang Y, Zhou L, Xue F, An L, Jin M, Li L. Transmembrane Protein 166 and its Significance. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:382-387. [PMID: 33006534 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666201002150316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane protein 166 (TMEM166) is a lysosomal/endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein found in different species where it functions as a regulator of programmed cell death through autophagy and apoptosis. It is expressed in a variety of normal tissues and organs, and it is involved in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cancers, infection, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies indicated that TMEM166 is associated with autophagosomal membrane development. TMEM166 can cause lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) leading to the release of proteolytic enzymes, e.g., cathepsins, that may cause potential mitochondrial membrane damage, which triggers several autophagic and apoptotic events. A low level of TMEM166 expression is also found in tumors, while high level of TMEM166 is found in brain ischemia. In addition, loss of TMEM166 leads to impaired NSC self-renewal and differentiation along with a decrease in autophagy. These findings offer a comprehensive understanding of the pathways involved in the role of TMEM166 in programmed cell death and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxue Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fushan Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mu Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Kang JB, Park DJ, Shah MA, Koh PO. Retinoic acid exerts neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia by preventing apoptotic cell death. Neurosci Lett 2021; 757:135979. [PMID: 34023410 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a neurological disorder that leads to cognitive decline and high mortality. Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. This study investigated whether retinoic acid prevents neuronal cell damage on focal cerebral ischemia through modulating apoptosis signaling pathway. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to induce focal cerebral ischemia in adult male rats. Retinoic acid (5 mg/kg) or vehicle was injected intraperitoneally for 4 days prior to MCAO. Neurological behavior deficit tests were performed 24 h after MCAO. Brain edema and infarct volume were measured, and TUNEL histochemistry was carried out. We also investigated the changes in apoptosis-related proteins including bcl-2 family proteins and caspases. MCAO injury induced severe neurological behavior deficits and brain edema. It also increased infarct volume, histopathological damages, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in cerebral cortex. However, retinoic acid pretreatment attenuated MCAO-induced neurological behavior deficits, brain edema, and infarction. It also alleviated histopathological lesion and decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Bcl-2 and bax proteins are representative bcl-2 family proteins. MCAO injury induced a decrease in bcl-2 expression and an increase in bax expression, and retinoic acid pretreatment alleviated these changes. MCAO injury caused a decrease in bcl-2/bax expression ratio in cerebral cortex, while retinoic acid restored this decrease by MCAO. Moreover, our result showed increases in caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP protein levels in MCAO-operated animals. Retinoic acid pretreatment prevented these increases. We identified the changes in cleaved forms of these proteins, similar to the changes in full-length protein. Activation of caspases and PARP proteins are considered to be representative apoptosis indicators. This study showed that retinoic acid regulates bcl-2 family proteins and caspase proteins in focal cerebral ischemia. Thus, our findings demonstrate that retinoic acid exhibits a neuroprotective effect against ischemic damage by modulating apoptosis signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Murad-Ali Shah
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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4-Phenylbutyrate Prevents Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis Induced by Heatstroke in the Intestines of Mice. Shock 2021; 54:102-109. [PMID: 31361709 PMCID: PMC7289134 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Heatstroke can induce serious physiological dysfunction in the intestine. However, the underlying mechanisms of this condition are unknown, and therapeutic strategies are not available. In this study, we explored the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling in this process and assessed whether pretreating mice with an inhibitor of ER stress could alleviate intestinal damage. Methods: A heatstroke model was established in male mice. Mice were pretreated with 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) before exposure to heat stress. Intestinal morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and transmission electron microscopy. The TUNEL assay was used to detect intestinal apoptosis. The expression of the ER stress-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins was investigated by the Western blot assay. Results: Compared with control group, mice with heatstroke exhibited evidence of intestinal injury and epithelial apoptosis, accompanied by significantly increased expression of ER stress-related proteins in the intestines. The intestinal injury score and level of intestinal epithelial apoptosis were significantly reduced after administration of 4-PBA. Furthermore, the levels of the intestinal ER stress-related proteins GRP78, PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP were decreased after 4-PBA treatment. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway is activated during heat stress-induced intestinal injury. 4-PBA can inhibit heatstroke-induced intestinal ER stress and attenuate intestinal injury. We provide evidence that the beneficial effect of 4-PBA is closely related to the inhibition of ER stress-mediated apoptosis. These findings suggest that ER stress may be a novel therapeutic target in patients with heatstroke.
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Alimohammadi A, Moosavy MH, Amin Doustvandi M, Baradaran B, Amini M, Mokhtarzadeh A, de la Guardia M. Sodium metabisulfite as a cytotoxic food additive induces apoptosis in HFFF2 cells. Food Chem 2021; 358:129910. [PMID: 33957602 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sodium metabisulfite (SMB), an antioxidant agent, is extensively used as a preservative in food industry. The current study was aimed to clarify its potential toxic effects on human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2) cells, in vitro. Subsequently, MTT results illustrated that exposure to SMB significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased HFFF2 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, and the concentration of 25 μM reduced cell survival rates to 50% as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of SMB. It was further shown that SMB exerted this cytotoxic effect on HFFF2 cells through apoptosis induction. qRT-PCR and western blotting results showed that treatment of HFFF2 cells with this food additive led to significant upregulation of Bax, caspase 8, and caspase 9 pro-apoptotic genes and downregulation of Bcl-2 expression as a pro-survival agent. Furthermore, SMB remarkably increased caspase 3 levels and promoted its activation through cleavage in treated cells. Besides, exposure to SMB increased ROS levels and activated autophagy in treated cells, which are considered as the other indicators for cell damage. Taken together, our findings suggested that SMB could exert remarkable toxic effects on human normal cells through multiple mechanisms, including apoptosis activation, and its widespread usage in food safety should be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Alimohammadi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir-Hassan Moosavy
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Sun L, Wang K, Peng L, Zhang J, Yang J, Zhao J, Xu J, Zheng J, Zeng Y. Naa10p Enhances Chemosensitivity to Cisplatin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:1843-1851. [PMID: 33658848 PMCID: PMC7917391 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s296783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the function and underlying molecular mechanism of N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein (Naa10p) in cisplatin (CDDP) chemosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods Salivary Naa10p levels in 76 OSCC patients undergoing CDDP-based chemotherapy were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to examine the expression of Naa10p in constructed CDDP-resistant OSCC cell (Cal-27/CDDP) lines and nude mouse model. In addition, the tumor volume and weight of nude mice were analyzed. Lentiviral system was employed to establish and identify OSCC cell lines with stable Naa10p interference or overexpression. MTT assay was used for drug sensitivity analysis. P-gp and Bcl-2 expression levels were tested by Western blot. Results Higher salivary Naa10p expression was present in the complete response/partial response group (n=46) compared to the stable disease/progressive disease group (n=30) in OSCC patients receiving chemotherapy treatment. Naa10p expression was down-regulated in Cal-27/CDDP cells and tissues. Naa10p overexpression significantly reduced the expression level of drug-resistant molecules. Naa10p was related to CDDP resistance and enhanced CDDP sensitivity in OSCC according to drug sensitivity analysis and nude mouse model experiments. Conclusion Naa10p plays a tumor suppressor gene role and is associated with CDDP resistance in OSCC. It can enhance CDDP sensitivity in OSCC and may be a potential target for OSCC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Sun
- Department of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Peng
- Department of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
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Signal transduction associated with lead-induced neurological disorders: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 150:112063. [PMID: 33596455 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lead is a heavy metal pollutant that is widely present in the environment. It affects every organ system, yet the nervous system appears to be the most sensitive and primary target. Although many countries have made significant strides in controlling Pb pollution, Pb poisoning continuous to be a major public health concern. Exposure to Pb causes neurotoxicity that ranges from neurodevelopmental disorders to severe neurodegenerative lesions, leading to impairments in learning, memory, and cognitive function. Studies on the mechanisms of Pb-induced nervous system injury have convincingly shown that this metal can affect a plethora of cellular pathways affecting on cell survival, altering calcium dyshomeostasis, and inducing apoptosis, inflammation, energy metabolism disorders, oxidative stress, autophagy and glial stress. This review summarizes recent knowledge on multiple signaling pathways associated with Pb-induced neurological disorders in vivo and in vitro.
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Fan Y, Hou X, Fang H. Recent Advances in the Development of Selective Mcl-1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cancer (2017-Present). Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 15:306-320. [DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200916124641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) protein, as a critical pro-survival member
of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein family, plays an important role in apoptosis, carcinogenesis
and resistance to chemotherapies. Hence, potently and selectively inhibiting Mcl-1 to induce
apoptosis has become a widely accepted anticancer strategy.
Objective:
This review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of patents and primary literature,
published from 2017 to present, on small molecule Mcl-1 inhibitors with various scaffolds.
By analyzing the modes of compound-protein interactions, the similarities and differences of those
structures are discussed, which could provide guidance for future drug design.
Methods:
The primary accesses for patent searching are SciFinder and Espacenet®. Besides the data
disclosed in patents, some results published in the follow-up research papers will be included in
this review.
Results:
The review covers dozens of patents on Mcl-1 inhibitors in the past three years, and the
scaffolds of compounds are mainly divided into indole scaffolds and non-indole scaffolds. The
compounds described here are compared with the relevant inhibitors disclosed in previous patents,
and representative compounds, especially those launched in clinical trials, are emphasized in this review.
Conclusion:
For most of the compounds in these patents, analyses of the binding affinity to Mcl-1
and studies in multiple cell lines were conducted, wherein some compounds were tested in preclinical
cancer models or were included in other biological studies. Some compounds showed promising
results and potential for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuben Hou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Shen J, Wang R, Wang Q, Zhang M, Liu C, Tao Z, Su G. The improved anticancer effects of Bortezomib-loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres on lymphoma development. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:411-423. [PMID: 33290262 PMCID: PMC7835069 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As the first clinical proteasome inhibitor, Bortezomib (BTZ) has been reported to improve the outcome of lymphoma. However, due to the unstable property, low bioavailability, and hydrophobic properties of BTZ, it is needed to develop effective drug delivery systems to deliver BTZ into targeted cells or organs. Here we developed a bortezomib (BTZ)-loaded HMSNs (BTZ@HMSNs) system, which can sustain the release of BTZ in targeted tissues. In vitro assays showed that BTZ@HMSNs limited cell proliferation and augmented apoptosis of lymphoma SNK-1 cells. Moreover, BTZ@HMSNs significantly diminished migration and invasion of SNK-1 cells as compared with BTZ. In contrast to the upregulation of SHP-1, BTZ@HMSNs decreased the mRNA levels of c-Kit, NF-κB, and JAK1, which elicit oncogenic role in lymphoma development. Importantly, lymphoma mice model showed that BTZ@HMSNs significantly activated p53 signaling and reduced tumor volume and weight compared with free BTZ. Our data thus demonstrate that BTZ@HMSNs manifests improved tumor-suppressing effect in vitro and in vivo compared to free BTZ. We believe that HMSNs is a promising strategy for delivering therapeutic agents for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ruihuan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Minjuan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhenxia Tao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Centre Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guohong Su
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
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Wang XT, Li L, Kong FB, Zhong XG, Mai W. Lentivirus-Mediated Overexpression of SIVA-1 Reverses Cisplatin Resistance in Gastric Cancer in vitro. Cell Biochem Biophys 2020; 78:455-463. [PMID: 32648086 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
SIVA-1 plays a critical role in the induction of apoptosis in a number of different cell lines and participates in the mechanism of cisplatin (DDP)-mediated antitumor effects. However, the involvement of SIVA-1 in cisplatin resistance in gastric carcinoma has not been revealed. To explore the effect of SIVA-1 on DDP resistance, a recombinant pGV358-GFP-SIVA-1 lentiviral vector was constructed and transfected into human cisplatin-resistant MKN45/DDP gastric cancer cells. Subsequently, stable SIVA-1 overexpression was established in MKN45/DDP cells, which resulted in increased DDP sensitivity in MKN45/DDP cells in vitro. Flow cytometry demonstrated that SIVA-1 overexpression increased the percentage of apoptotic cells compared to that in the control. The colony formation assay clearly revealed that cell growth and proliferation were significantly suppressed following SIVA-1 overexpression. In addition, overexpression of SIVA-1 inhibited the migratory and invasive potential of MKN45/DDP cells in vitro. Western blot analysis indicated that SIVA-1 increased the expression levels of p53, p73, and p14ARF, whereas it reduced Bcl-2, MDM2, and Bcl-xL expression. In short, SIVA-1 upregulated the protein expression of p53, p73, and p14ARF and decreased that of Bcl-2, MDM2, and Bcl-xL in vitro and subsequently reversed cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells, suggesting that SIVA-1 serves as a valuable potential target for attenuating chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Peripheral Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Peripheral Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Fan-Biao Kong
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Peripheral Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
| | - Wei Mai
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Peripheral Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
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Mu Y, Wang D, Bie L, Luo S, Mu X, Zhao Y. Glypican-1-targeted and gemcitabine-loaded liposomes enhance tumor-suppressing effect on pancreatic cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19585-19596. [PMID: 33035197 PMCID: PMC7732280 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes (LPs) as promising drug delivery systems are widely applied in cancer therapy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of glypican-1 (GPC1)-targeted and gemcitabine (GEM)-loaded LP [GPC1-LP (GEM)] on cell proliferation and apoptosis in PANC-1s, as well as on orthotopic pancreatic cancer (PDAC) mice. The GPC1-LP (GEM) and LP (GEM) was prepared, and then the size distribution of GPC1-LP (GEM) was analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). In vitro drug release assay of GPC1-LP (GEM) and LP (GEM) was performed, and the expression of GPC1 in PANC1 cells was detected as well. Next, the effects of free GEM, LP (GEM) and GPC1-LP (GEM) on cell viability, clone number, and apoptosis, as well as the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis were measured in 239T and PANC-1 cells. Furthermore, the body weight and tumor size of orthotopic PDAC mice were evaluated following the treatment of free GEM, LP (GEM) or GPC1-LP (GEM). LP (GEM) and GPC1-LP (GEM) were successfully prepared with a successful GEM release within 24 h. In addition, GPC1 was positively expressed in PANC-1 cells but not 293T cells. These findings provided more insights into the anti-tumor potential for the biomedical application of GPC1-LP (GEM) in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University / Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dezhi Wang
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangyu Bie
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University / Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University / Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Mu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University / Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University / Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis underlie the hepatotoxicity of perhexiline. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104987. [PMID: 32861758 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Perhexiline is an anti-anginal drug developed in the late 1960s. Despite its therapeutic success, it caused severe hepatoxicity in selective patients, which resulted in its withdrawal from the market. In the current study we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity of perhexiline. In primary human hepatocytes, HepaRG cells, and HepG2 cells, perhexiline induced cell death in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Perhexiline treatment also caused a significant increase in caspase 3/7 activity at 2 h and 4 h. Pretreatment with specific caspase inhibitors suggested that both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways contributed to perhexiline-induced cytotoxicity, which was confirmed by increased expression of TNF-α, cleavage of caspase 3 and 9 upon perhexiline treatment. Moreover, perhexiline caused mitochondrial dysfunction, demonstrated by the classic glucose-galactose assay at 4 h and 24 h. Results from JC-1 staining suggested perhexiline caused loss of mitochondrial potential. Blocking mitochondrial permeability transition pore using inhibitor bongkrekic acid attenuated the cytotoxicity of perhexiline. Western blotting analysis also showed decreased expression level of pro-survival proteins Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, and increased expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bad. Direct measurement of the activity of individual components of the mitochondrial respiratory complex demonstrated that perhexiline strongly inhibited Complex IV and Complex V and moderately inhibited Complex II and Complex II + III. Overall, our data demonstrated that both mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis underlies perhexiline-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Zheng D, Che D, Lin F, Wang X, Lu L, Chen J, Xu X. LncRNA MACC1-AS1/MACC1 enhances the progression of glioma via regulating metabolic plasticity. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2286-2297. [PMID: 32816608 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1795595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study plans to investigate the effects of long-noncoding RNA MACC1-AS1 on glioma cells and its mechanism at metabolic plasticity angle. The MACC1-AS1 level was identified both in glioma tissues and in cells. Then the effects of MACC1-AS1 abnormal level on cell viability, apoptosis, the expression of apoptosis associated protein, glucose metabolism and redox status were measured in A172 and U251 cells by different methods. Furthermore, the interaction of MACC1-AS1 and MACC1 in glioma cells was investigated and the role of AMPK pathway was specifically examined. Our results demonstrated that MACC1-AS1 level was high in glioma tissues and cells, and MACC1-AS1 overexpression was closely associated with poor prognosis of glioma. Notably, under glucose deprivation, the MACC1-AS1 level was significantly increased, and overexpression of MACC1-AS1 increased cell viability but inhibited apoptosis. Also, MACC1-AS1 overexpression obviously increased the levels of GLUT1, HK2, G6PD, MCT1, ATP, lactate and NAPDH as well as promoted the activities of HK2 and LDHA, while reduced ROS level and the ratio of NADP+/NAPDH. In particular, the effects of proliferation, apoptosis and metabolic plasticity of glioma cells caused by MACC1-AS1 overexpression were achieved by positively regulating MACC1, and MACC1-AS1 promoted MACC1 expression via the AMPK pathway. In conclusions, the MACC1-AS1/MACC1 axis exertes the tumor-promoting effect by regulating glucose metabolism and redox homeostasis in glioma cells by activating the AMPK signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
| | - Daliang Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
| | - Famu Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
| | - Lenian Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
| | - Xiaobing Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University , Foshan, China
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Wang P, Wan R, Huo W, Dong H, Chang Z, Xia X. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:665-672. [PMID: 31916396 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study purposes to assess the cytotoxicity of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C12 min]Cl) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. To this end, HepG2 cells were exposed to a range concentration of [C12 min]Cl and evaluated cell viability, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell cycle, and apoptosis-related gene expression to determine cytotoxicity. The outcomes showed that [C12 min]Cl curbed HepG2 cell growth and reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, our assay results also revealed that exposure to [C12 min]Cl prompted DNA damage and apoptosis, reduced SOD and GSH content, enhanced MDA level, and changed the cell cycle of HepG2 cells. In addition, [C12 min] Cl caused alters in the expression levels of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2, indicating that p53 and Bcl-2 family may be involved in the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by [C12 min]C1. In summary, these results indicate that [C12 min]Cl exerts genotoxicity, physiological toxicity and prompts apoptosis in HepG2 cells, and is not an alleged green solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijin Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyan Wan
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiran Huo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dong
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Chang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Yan S, Yue YZ, Sun MM, Wu BS, Wang XP. Suppressive effect of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma on glutamic acid-induced autophagy of interstitial cells of Cajal. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2020; 18:334-343. [PMID: 32532614 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi, ZS) and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, BZ)-containing serum on glutamate-induced autophagy in rat colonic interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and to analyze the underlying mechanism. METHODS Rat colonic ICCs cultured in vitro were identified by fluorescence and then stimulated with glutamic acid (5 mmol/L) for 24 h to establish a cell model of autophagy. The cells were then treated with different concentrations of ZSBZ-containing serum or rat serum. The viability of the ICCs was detected with cell counting kit-8 assays, and cell apoptosis rates were examined with flow cytometry. The ultrastructure and autophagosomes in the ICCs were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The effects of ZSBZ-containing serum on apoptosis-associated mediators were assessed by Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), p-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (p-PI3K), p-Akt and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) expression was detected via Western blotting analysis. RESULTS Compared to those in the model group, ICC viability and apoptosis rates were significantly increased by ZSBZ-containing serum (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of Beclin-1, LC3, p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR were significantly lower (P < 0.05) and Bcl-2 expression was higher in the ZSBZ-containing serum treatment groups than in the model group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that ZSBZ protects glutamic acid-stimulated ICCs, and this beneficial effect may be mediated by a reduction in autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yin-Zi Yue
- First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming-Ming Sun
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ben-Sheng Wu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Suzhou TCM Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Wang H, Morse HC, Bolland S. Transcriptional Control of Mature B Cell Fates. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:601-613. [PMID: 32446878 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The mature naïve B cell repertoire consists of three well-defined populations: B1, B2 (follicular B, FOB), and marginal zone B (MZB) cells. FOB cells are the dominant mature B cell population in the secondary lymphoid organs and blood of both humans and mice. The driving forces behind mature B lineage selection have been linked to B cell receptor (BCR) signaling strength and environmental cues, but how these fate-determination factors are transcriptionally regulated remains poorly understood. We summarize emerging data on the role of transcription factors (TFs) - particularly the ETS and IRF families - in regulating MZB and FOB lineage selection. Indeed, genomic analyses have identified four major groups of target genes that are crucial for FOB differentiation, revealing previously unrecognized pathways that ultimately determine biological responses specific to this lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Wang
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Herbert C Morse
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Silvia Bolland
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA.
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Yi T, Zhou X, Sang K, Huang X, Zhou J, Ge L. Activation of lncRNA lnc-SLC4A1-1 induced by H3K27 acetylation promotes the development of breast cancer via activating CXCL8 and NF-kB pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 47:3765-3773. [PMID: 31556319 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1664559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect and potential modulation mechanism of lnc-SLC4A1-1 on breast cancer (BC) carcinogenesis. The expression of lnc-SLC4A1-1 in tissue and serum samples from BC patients, as well as BC cell lines, was detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCRs). Next, the expression of lnc-SLC4A1-1 was silenced or upregulated in BC cells, then cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were detected using MTT, flow cytometry analysis and Transwell assay. Meanwhile, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins were detected by western blotting. Furthermore, potential mechanism of lnc-SLC4A1-1 was explored by chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. CXCL8 was overexpressed to evaluate the relationship between lnc-SLC4A1-1 and CXCL8. Lnc-SLC4A1-1 was significantly up-regulated in BC tissue, serum samples and cell lines. In BC cells, lnc-SLC4A1-1 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis and suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, lnc-SLC4A1-1 is transcriptionally activated by H3K27 acetylation, and lnc-SLC4A1-1 interacted with transcription factor (NF)-κB p65, thereby regulating CXCL8 expression. Meanwhile, CXCL8 overexpression partly reversed the effects of lnc-SLC4A1-1 knockdown on cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion in BC cells. Lnc-SLC4A1-1 could promote the development of BC by regulating NF-κB/CXCL8. Highlights Lnc-SLC4A1-1 was overexpressed in BC tissues, blood and cell lines. Lnc-SLC4A1-1 was transcriptionally activated by H3K27 acetylation. Lnc-SLC4A1-1 interacted with NF-κB to promote CXCL8 expression. Lnc-SLC4A1-1 could promote the development of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongbo Yi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Kai Sang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xuchen Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , Jiangsu , China
| | - Lan Ge
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital , Taizhou , Jiangsu , China
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Zhang S, Liu F, Hou X, Cao J, Dai X, Yu J, Huang G. Synthesis of Novel Analogs of Thieno[2,3- d] Pyrimidin-4(3 H)-ones as Selective Inhibitors of Cancer Cell Growth. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E631. [PMID: 31640194 PMCID: PMC6843832 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
New 2,3-disubstituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized via a one-pot reaction from 2H-thieno[2,3-d] [1,3]oxazine-2,4(1H)-diones, aromatic aldehydes, and benzylamine or 4-hydroxylbezylamine. The obtained compounds were tested in vitro for cancer cell growth inhibition. Compound 19 can inhibit all four types of tested cancer cells, i.e., MCF-7, A549, PC-9, and PC-3 cells. Most of the compounds inhibited the proliferation of A549 and MCF-7 cells. Compound 15 exhibited the strongest anti-proliferative effect against A549 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.94 μM, and with no toxicity to normal human liver cells. Its potency was further proved by cell clone formation assay, Hoechst 33258 staining, and evaluation on the effects of apoptosis-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Feize Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xueling Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Jianguo Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Xiling Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Junjie Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Guozheng Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
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Zhang H, Zhang J, Venkat PS, Gu C, Meng Y. Sanguinarine exhibits potent efficacy against cervical cancer cells through inhibiting the STAT3 pathway in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7557-7566. [PMID: 31616177 PMCID: PMC6699148 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s212744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy among female cancer patients worldwide. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor which regulates a variety of cancer cellular physiological activities including cervical cancer. Sanguinarine (SNG) is a natural plant-derived benzophenanthridine alkaloid that possesses antitumor activities in several cancer cells. However, its anticancer effect on human cervical cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully defined. Methods In this study, the inhibitory effect of SNG on the proliferation and growth of HeLa cell was detected by MTT assay. Next, cell cycle and apoptosis of HeLa cells was analyzed using Annexin-V/PI double staining and flow cytometry. Then, we measured intracellular ROS generation induced by SNG in HeLa cells by DCFH-DA (10 μM) staining, and the expression level of p-STAT3 and STAT3 was detected by Western blot. Finally, in order to study the effect of SNG on tumor growth in vivo, athymic nude mice were used in the vivo experiments. Result This study showed that SNG dose-dependently decreased the tumor cell proliferation and induced a marked increase in cell apoptosis in HeLa cells. Western blot analysis results revealed that SNG-induced antitumor effect might be mediated by STAT3 inhibition. SNG increased the expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax and reduced the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. We further found that SNG dose-dependently increased ROS level in Hela cells. Moreover, pretreatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine, a scavenger of ROS, almost reversed the SNG-induced anticancer effect. In addition, SNG inhibited human cervical cancer xenograft growth without exhibiting toxicity in vivo. Conclusion Our findings highlight STAT3 as a promising therapeutic target. We also demonstrate that SNG is a novel anticancer drug for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Medical Center, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Hydropower Hospital, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Puja S Venkat
- Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chenglei Gu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Medical Center, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanguang Meng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Medical Center, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhuang J, Nie G, Yang F, Dai X, Cao H, Xing C, Hu G, Zhang C. Cadmium induces cytotoxicity through oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis pathway in duck renal tubular epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104625. [PMID: 31419506 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a well studied nephrotoxic metal element. To investigate the effects of Cd-induced cytotoxicity on oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in primary renal tubular epithelial cells of duck. Shaoxing duck (Anas platyrhyncha) renal tubular epithelial cells were cultured in medium in absence and presence of 3CdSO4·8H2O (1.25, 2.5, 5.0 μM Cd), in N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) (100 μM), and the combination of Cd and NAC for 12 h. After 12 h exposure, morphologic observation and function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, antioxidant indices, the activity of ATPase, intracellular pH and [Ca2+]i, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and apoptosis-related genes mRNA were determined. The results showed that Cd exposure could induce release of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), simultaneously, enhance the ROS generation, acidification, malondialdehyde (MDA) and [Ca2+]i, decrease glutathione (GSH), Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities as well as MMP, upregulated Bak-1, Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA expression, inhibited Bcl-2 mRNA expression, and induced cell apoptosis. The toxicity of Cd to cells showed a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant NAC could efficiently alleviate Cd-induced the cytotoxicity. Taken together, these results suggest that Cd exposure cause cytotoxicity through oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis pathway in duck renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jionghan Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Gaohui Nie
- School of Information Technology, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, No. 665 Yuping West Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330032, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xueyan Dai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chenghong Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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