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Patel KD, Keskin-Erdogan Z, Sawadkar P, Nik Sharifulden NSA, Shannon MR, Patel M, Silva LB, Patel R, Chau DYS, Knowles JC, Perriman AW, Kim HW. Oxidative stress modulating nanomaterials and their biochemical roles in nanomedicine. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 39018043 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00171k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Many pathological conditions are predominantly associated with oxidative stress, arising from reactive oxygen species (ROS); therefore, the modulation of redox activities has been a key strategy to restore normal tissue functions. Current approaches involve establishing a favorable cellular redox environment through the administration of therapeutic drugs and redox-active nanomaterials (RANs). In particular, RANs not only provide a stable and reliable means of therapeutic delivery but also possess the capacity to finely tune various interconnected components, including radicals, enzymes, proteins, transcription factors, and metabolites. Here, we discuss the roles that engineered RANs play in a spectrum of pathological conditions, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and inflammation. We visualize the dual functions of RANs as both generator and scavenger of ROS, emphasizing their profound impact on diverse cellular functions. The focus of this review is solely on inorganic redox-active nanomaterials (inorganic RANs). Additionally, we deliberate on the challenges associated with current RANs-based approaches and propose potential research directions for their future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil D Patel
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, SW7 2BX, London, UK
| | - Prasad Sawadkar
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, UK
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, Northwick Park and St Mark's Hospitals, London, HA1 3UJ, UK
| | - Nik Syahirah Aliaa Nik Sharifulden
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Mark Robert Shannon
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Women University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Lady Barrios Silva
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy & Environment Sciences and Engineering (EESE), Integrated Sciences and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 85 Songdongwahak-ro, Yeonsungu, Incheon 21938, Republic of Korea
| | - David Y S Chau
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Xu H, Li S, Ma X, Xue T, Shen F, Ru Y, Jiang J, Kuai L, Li B, Zhao H, Ma X. Cerium oxide nanoparticles in diabetic foot ulcer management: Advances, limitations, and future directions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 231:113535. [PMID: 37729799 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes, potentially resulting in wound infection and amputation under severe circumstances. Oxidative stress and dysbiosis are the primary factors that delay wound healing, posing challenges to effective treatment. Unfortunately, conventional approaches in these aspects have proven satisfactory in achieving curative outcomes. Recent research has increasingly focused on using nanoparticles, leveraging their potential in wound dressing and medication delivery. Their unique physical properties further enhance their therapeutic effectiveness. Among these nanoparticles, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) have garnered attention due to their notable beneficial effects on oxidative stress and microbial abundance, thus representing a promising therapeutic avenue for DFU. This review comprehensively assesses recent studies on CONPs in treating DFU. Furthermore, we elaborate on the wound healing process, ceria synthesis, and incorporating CONPs with other materials. Crucially, a thorough evaluation of CONPs' toxicity as a novel metallic nanomaterial for therapeutic use must precede their formal clinical application. Additionally, we identify the current challenges CONPs encounter and propose future directions for their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Xu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Tingting Xue
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Fang Shen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Yi Ru
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Jingsi Jiang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xin Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
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Adhikari A, Bhutani VK, Mondal S, Das M, Darbar S, Ghosh R, Polley N, Das AK, Bhattacharya SS, Pal D, Mallick AK, Pal SK. Chemoprevention of bilirubin encephalopathy with a nanoceutical agent. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:827-837. [PMID: 35794251 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted rapid degradation of bilirubin has the potential to thwart incipient bilirubin encephalopathy. We investigated a novel spinel-structured citrate-functionalized trimanganese tetroxide nanoparticle (C-Mn3O4 NP, the nanodrug) to degrade both systemic and neural bilirubin loads. METHOD Severe neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) was induced in neonatal C57BL/6j mice model with phenylhydrazine (PHz) intoxication. Efficiency of the nanodrug on both in vivo bilirubin degradation and amelioration of bilirubin encephalopathy and associated neurobehavioral sequelae were evaluated. RESULTS Single oral dose (0.25 mg kg-1 bodyweight) of the nanodrug reduced both total serum bilirubin (TSB) and unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) in SNH rodents. Significant (p < 0.0001) UCB and TSB-degradation rates were reported within 4-8 h at 1.84 ± 0.26 and 2.19 ± 0.31 mg dL-1 h-1, respectively. Neural bilirubin load was decreased by 5.6 nmol g-1 (p = 0.0002) along with improved measures of neurobehavior, neuromotor movements, learning, and memory. Histopathological studies confirm that the nanodrug prevented neural cell reduction in Purkinje and substantia nigra regions, eosinophilic neurons, spongiosis, and cell shrinkage in SNH brain parenchyma. Brain oxidative status was maintained in nanodrug-treated SNH cohort. Pharmacokinetic data corroborated the bilirubin degradation rate with plasma nanodrug concentrations. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the in vivo capacity of this novel nanodrug to reduce systemic and neural bilirubin load and reverse bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity. Further compilation of a drug-safety-dossier is warranted to translate this novel therapeutic chemopreventive approach to clinical settings. IMPACT None of the current pharmacotherapeutics treat severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH) to prevent risks of neurotoxicity. In this preclinical study, a newly investigated nano-formulation, citrate-functionalized Mn3O4 nanoparticles (C-Mn3O4 NPs), exhibits bilirubin reduction properties in rodents. Chemopreventive properties of this nano-formulation demonstrate an efficacious, efficient agent that appears to be safe in these early studies. Translation of C-Mn3O4 NPs to prospective preclinical and clinical trials in appropriate in vivo models should be explored as a potential novel pharmacotherapy for SNH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Adhikari
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Vinod K Bhutani
- Department of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Monojit Das
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Uluberia, Howrah, 711315, India
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Rangamati, Midnapore, 721102, India
| | - Soumendra Darbar
- Research and Development Division, Dey's Medical Stores (Mfg.) Pvt. Ltd., 62 Bondel Road, Ballygunge, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Ria Ghosh
- Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Nabarun Polley
- Physical Chemistry - innoFSPEC, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, Golm, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anjan Kumar Das
- Department of Pathology, Coochbehar Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Silver Jubilee Road, Coochbehar, 736101, India
| | | | - Debasish Pal
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Uluberia, Howrah, 711315, India
| | - Asim Kumar Mallick
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Nil Ratan Sirkar Medical College and Hospital, 138 AJC Bose Road, Sealdah, Rajabazar, Kolkata, 700014, India
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India.
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Uluberia, Howrah, 711315, India.
- Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India.
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Biochemistry of Antioxidants: Mechanisms and Pharmaceutical Applications. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123051. [PMID: 36551806 PMCID: PMC9776363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, meats, eggs and fish protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals. They are widely used to reduce food loss and waste, minimizing lipid oxidation, as well as for their effects on health through pharmaceutical preparations. In fact, the use of natural antioxidants is among the main efforts made to relieve the pressure on natural resources and to move towards more sustainable food and pharmaceutical systems. Alternative food waste management approaches include the valorization of by-products as a source of phenolic compounds for functional food formulations. In this review, we will deal with the chemistry of antioxidants, including their molecular structures and reaction mechanisms. The biochemical aspects will also be reviewed, including the effects of acidity and temperature on their partitioning in binary and multiphasic systems. The poor bioavailability of antioxidants remains a huge constraint for clinical applications, and we will briefly describe some delivery systems that provide for enhanced pharmacological action of antioxidants via drug targeting and increased bioavailability. The pharmacological activity of antioxidants can be improved by designing nanotechnology-based formulations, and recent nanoformulations include nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, liposomes/proliposomes, phytosomes and solid lipid nanoparticles, all showing promising outcomes in improving the efficiency and bioavailability of antioxidants. Finally, an overview of the pharmacological effects, therapeutic properties and future choice of antioxidants will be incorporated.
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Nath S. Supercomplex supercomplexes: Raison d’etre and functional significance of supramolecular organization in oxidative phosphorylation. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:272-288. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Following structural determination by recent advances in electron cryomicroscopy, it is now well established that the respiratory Complexes I–IV in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are organized into supercomplexes in the respirasome. Nonetheless, the reason for the existence of the OXPHOS supercomplexes and their functional role remains an enigma. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the existence of these supercomplex supercomplexes. A commonly-held view asserts that they enhance catalysis by substrate channeling. However, this – and other views – has been challenged based on structural and biophysical information. Hence, new ideas, concepts, and frameworks are needed. Here, a new model of energy transfer in OXPHOS is developed on the basis of biochemical data on the pure competitive inhibition of anionic substrates like succinate by the classical anionic uncouplers of OXPHOS (2,4-dinitrophenol, carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone, and dicoumarol), and pharmacological data on the unique site-selective, energy-linked inhibition of energy conservation pathways in mitochondria induced by the guanidine derivatives. It is further found that uncouplers themselves are site-specific and exhibit differential selectivity and efficacy in reversing the inhibition caused by the Site 1/Complex I or Site 2/Complexes II–III-selective guanidine derivatives. These results lead to new vistas and sufficient complexity in the network of energy conservation pathways in the mitochondrial respiratory chain that necessitate discrete points of interaction with two classes of guanidine derivatives and uncoupling agents and thereby separate and distinct energy transfer pathways between Site 1 and Site 2 and the intermediate that energizes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis by Complex V. Interpretation based on Mitchell’s single-ion chemiosmotic theory that postulates only a single energy pool is inadequate to rationalize the data and account for the required complexity. The above results and available information are shown to be explained by Nath’s two-ion theory of energy coupling and ATP synthesis, involving coupled movement of succinate anions and protons, along with the requirement postulated by the theory for maintenance of homeostasis and ion translocation across the energy-transducing membrane of both succinate monoanions and succinate dianions by Complexes I–V in the OXPHOS supercomplexes. The new model of energy transfer in mitochondria is mapped onto the solved structures of the supercomplexes and integrated into a consistent model with the three-dimensional electron microscope computer tomography visualization of the internal structure of the cristae membranes in mammalian mitochondria. The model also offers valuable insights into diseased states induced in type 2 diabetes and especially in Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases that involve mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Nath
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016 , India
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6
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Greenberg HZE, Zhao G, Shah AM, Zhang M. Role of oxidative stress in calcific aortic valve disease and its therapeutic implications. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1433-1451. [PMID: 33881501 PMCID: PMC9074995 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the end result of active cellular processes that lead to the progressive fibrosis and calcification of aortic valve leaflets. In western populations, CAVD is a significant cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and in the absence of effective drugs, it will likely represent an increasing disease burden as populations age. As there are currently no pharmacological therapies available for preventing, treating, or slowing the development of CAVD, understanding the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of the disease is important for identifying novel therapeutic targets. Recent evidence has emerged of an important causative role for reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of CAVD, inducing the differentiation of valve interstitial cells into myofibroblasts and then osteoblasts. In this review, we focus on the roles and sources of ROS driving CAVD and consider their potential as novel therapeutic targets for this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Z E Greenberg
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Guoan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Ajay M Shah
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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Muthiah G, Sarkar A, Roy S, Singh P, Kumar P, Bhardwaj K, Jaiswal A. Nanotechnology Toolkit for Combating COVID-19 and Beyond. CHEMNANOMAT : CHEMISTRY OF NANOMATERIALS FOR ENERGY, BIOLOGY AND MORE 2022; 8:e202100505. [PMID: 35542043 PMCID: PMC9074423 DOI: 10.1002/cnma.202100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 is unlikely to be contained anytime soon with conventional medical technology. This beckons an urgent demand for novel and innovative interventions in clinical protocols, diagnostics, and therapeutics; to manage the current "disease X" and to be poised to counter its successor of like nature if one were to ever arise. To meet such a demand requires more attention to research on the viral-host interactions and on developing expeditious solutions, the kinds of which seem to spring from promising domains such as nanotechnology. Inducing activity at scales comparable to the viruses themselves, nanotechnology-based preventive measures, diagnostic tools and therapeutics for COVID-19 have been rapidly growing during the pandemic. This review covers the recent and promising nanomedicine-based solutions relating to COVID-19 and how some of these are possibly applicable to a wider range of viruses and pathogens. We also discuss the type, composition, and utility of nanostructures which play various roles specifically under prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Further, we have highlighted the adoption and commercialization of some the solutions by large and small corporations alike, as well as providing herewith an exhaustive list on nanovaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giredhar Muthiah
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Ankita Sarkar
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Shounak Roy
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Prem Singh
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Keshav Bhardwaj
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Basic SciencesIndian Institute of Technology MandiKamandMandi Himachal Pradesh175075India
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8
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Mondal S, Pan N, Ghosh R, Bera A, Mukherjee D, Maji TK, Adhikari A, Ghosh S, Bhattacharya C, Pal SK. Interaction of a Jaundice Marker Molecule with Redox Modulatory Nano Hybrid: A Combined Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Study towards the Development of a Theranostics Tool. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100660. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Mondal
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences CBMS Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake 700106 Kolkata INDIA
| | - Nivedita Pan
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Department of Chemical, Biological, Macromolecular Sciences Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake 700106 kolkata INDIA
| | - Ria Ghosh
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake 700106 Kolkata INDIA
| | - Arpan Bera
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake 700106 Kolkata INDIA
| | - Dipanjan Mukherjee
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake 700106 Kolkata INDIA
| | - Tuhin Kumar Maji
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake 700106 Kolkata INDIA
| | - Anirudddha Adhikari
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake 700106 Kolkata INDIA
| | - Sangeeta Ghosh
- IIEST Shibpur: Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Howrah-711103, West Bengal, INDIA 711103 Howrah INDIA
| | - Chinmoy Bhattacharya
- IISET Department of Chemistry Howrah-711103, West Bengal, INDIA 711103 Howrah INDIA
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- SNBNCBS CBMS Block JD, Sector IIISalt Lake City 700098 Kolkata INDIA
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9
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Sarkar C, Chaudhary P, Jamaddar S, Janmeda P, Mondal M, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. Redox Activity of Flavonoids: Impact on Human Health, Therapeutics, and Chemical Safety. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:140-162. [PMID: 35045245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cost-effectiveness of presently used therapies is a problem in overall redox-based management, which is posing a significant financial burden on communities across the world. As a result, sophisticated treatment models that provide notions of predictive diagnoses followed by targeted preventive therapies adapted to individual patient profiles are gaining global acclaim as being beneficial to patients, the healthcare sector, and society as a whole. In this context, natural flavonoids were considered due to their multifaceted antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects as well as their low toxicity and ease of availability. The aim of this review is to focus on the capacity of flavonoids to modulate the responsiveness of various diseases and ailments associated with redox toxicity. The review will also focus on the flavonoids' pathway-based redox activity and the advancement of redox-based therapies as well as flavonoids' antioxidant characteristics and their influence on human health, therapeutics, and chemical safety. Research findings indicated that flavonoids significantly exhibit various redox-based therapeutic responses against several diseases such as inflammatory, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and hepatic diseases and various types of cancer by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 transcription system, suppressing the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/IκB kinase inflammatory pathway, abrogating the function of the Hsp90/Hsf1 complex, inhibiting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway, and preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Some flavonoids, especially genistein, apigenin, amentoflavone, baicalein, quercetin, licochalcone A, and biochanin A, play a potential role in redox regulation. Conclusions of this review on the antioxidant aspects of flavonoids highlight the medicinal and folk values of these compounds against oxidative stress and various diseases and ailments. In short, treatment with flavonoids could be a novel therapeutic invention in clinical trials, as we hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Priya Chaudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Sarmin Jamaddar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Milon Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
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Bera A, Hasan MN, Pan N, Ghosh R, Alsantali RA, Altass HM, Obaid RJ, Ahmed SA, Pal SK. Implementation of surface functionalization of MnS nanoparticles for achieving novel optical properties and improving therapeutic potential. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20728-20734. [PMID: 35919133 PMCID: PMC9295011 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The citrate capping of solubilized MnS nanoparticles in water produced photo-induced pH switching. Citrate-MnS shows remarkable ROS production at acidic and neutral pH in the dark, at pH 5 ROS production demonstrates bilirubin degradation and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Bera
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Md. Nur Hasan
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Nivedita Pan
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Ria Ghosh
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Reem A. Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem M. Altass
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami J. Obaid
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
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11
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Darbar S, Saha S, Pramanik K, Chattopadhyay A. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory effect of AKSS16-LIV01 – a multi herbal formulation against ethanol induced liver dysfunction in mice. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Liver complication arises commonly due to high alcohol consumption rate. Majority of the people residing in both developed and under developed countries consuming alcohol face various liver complications such as liver fibrosis, fatty liver, liver cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Invention of safe and symptomatic medication to overcome this situation is a new challenge worldwide. The main objective of the study is to deliver a safe and symptomatic medication to reduce the ethanol induced liver dysfunction.
Methods
In this study we have developed a multi herbal formulation (AKSS-16-LIV01) which minimised liver damage against various toxicants. Swiss albino mice were divided into seven groups where ethanol induced damage was observed for weeks followed by sanative response observation by our herbal formulation. The groups are normal control group, ethanol treated group (50% v/v), AKSS16-LIV01 low dose (75 mg/kg/day) pre-treated group, AKSS16-LIV01 middle dose (150 mg/kg/day) pre-treated group, AKSS16-LIV01 high dose (300 mg/kg/day) pre-treated group, Sylimarin pre-treated group (100 mg/kg/day) and only AKSS16-LIV01 (300 mg/kg/day) treated group.
Results
The results potrayed significant elevation of various biochemical parameters, lipid profile parameters, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO) concentration, nitric oxide synthase level and pro inflammatory cytokines level i.e. tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) in the ethanol induced mice. On the other hand serum total protein, total albumin, albumin globulin ratio and level of tissue antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD, CAT, GSH and GPx) were significantly reduced by ethanol. Dose depended therapeutic application of the formulation (AKSS16-LIV01) significantly suppressed all the relevant above parameters and protected the liver from ethanol induced fibrogenesis. Apart from this gross morphology of the liver, H&E liver histology and massontrichrome&serius red examination of the liver section strongly supported the hepatoprotive effect of the formulation as compared with standard drug Sylimarin. Result of the study implies that developed multi herbal formulation (AKSS16-LIV01) at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day gave the best optimum response to reduce the ethanol intoxication.
Conclusion
Result clearly depict that AKSS16-LIV01 may be a safe and nontoxic medication which protect the liver against ethanol induced oxidative injury and maintained pro inflammatory cytokines level in the future.
Graphical Abstract
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12
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Adhikari A, Mondal S, Chatterjee T, Das M, Biswas P, Ghosh R, Darbar S, Alessa H, Althakafy JT, Sayqal A, Ahmed SA, Das AK, Bhattacharyya M, Pal SK. Redox nanomedicine ameliorates chronic kidney disease (CKD) by mitochondrial reconditioning in mice. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1013. [PMID: 34446827 PMCID: PMC8390471 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) while maintaining cellular redox signaling is crucial in the development of redox medicine as the origin of several prevailing diseases including chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to ROS imbalance and associated mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we have shown that a potential nanomedicine comprising of Mn3O4 nanoparticles duly functionalized with biocompatible ligand citrate (C-Mn3O4 NPs) can maintain cellular redox balance in an animal model of oxidative injury. We developed a cisplatin-induced CKD model in C57BL/6j mice with severe mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative distress leading to the pathogenesis. Four weeks of treatment with C-Mn3O4 NPs restored renal function, preserved normal kidney architecture, ameliorated overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and arrested glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. A detailed study involving human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells and isolated mitochondria from experimental animals revealed that the molecular mechanism behind the pharmacological action of the nanomedicine involves protection of structural and functional integrity of mitochondria from oxidative damage, subsequent reduction in intracellular ROS, and maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis. To the best of our knowledge, such studies that efficiently treated a multifaceted disease like CKD using a biocompatible redox nanomedicine are sparse in the literature. Successful clinical translation of this nanomedicine may open a new avenue in redox-mediated therapeutics of several other diseases (e.g., diabetic nephropathy, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease) where oxidative distress plays a central role in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Adhikari
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Monojit Das
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Uluberia, Howrah, India
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Rangamati, Midnapore, India
| | - Pritam Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, St. Xavier's College, Kolkata, India
| | - Ria Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumendra Darbar
- Research & Development Division, Dey's Medical Stores (Mfg.) Ltd, Kolkata, India
| | - Hussain Alessa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalal T Althakafy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Sayqal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Anjan Kumar Das
- Department of Pathology, Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India.
- Department of Zoology, Uluberia College, University of Calcutta, Uluberia, Howrah, India.
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13
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Chai WF, Tang KS. Protective potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles in diabetes mellitus. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 66:126742. [PMID: 33773280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable metabolic disease which is closely related to excessive oxidative stress after constant exposure to high plasma glucose. Although the current antidiabetic medications are effective in lowering blood glucose, these medications do not prevent or reverse the disease progression. Thus, there is a crucial need to explore new therapeutic interventions that could address this shortcoming. As cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) possess antioxidant property, this agent may be used as a treatment option for the management of DM. PURPOSE This review aims to provide a critical evaluation of the pharmacological and antidiabetic effects of CONPs in cell and animal models. The roles of CONPs in attenuating DM complications are also presented in this report. METHODS We conducted a literature search in the PubMed database using the keywords "cerium oxide", "cerous oxide", "ceria", "nanoceria", and "diabetes" from inception to December 2020. The inclusion criteria were primary source articles that investigated the role of CONPs in DM and diabetic complications. RESULTS We identified 47 articles from the initial search. After the thorough screening, only 31 articles were included in this study. We found that CONPs can attenuate parameters that are related to DM and diabetic complications in various animals and cell culture models. CONCLUSION CONPs could potentially be used in the treatment of those with DM and complications caused by the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wui Fang Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim San Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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14
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Mustapić M, Glumac Z, Heffer M, Zjalić M, Prološčić I, Masud M, Blažetić S, Vuković A, Billah M, Khan A, Šegota S, Al Hossain MS. AC/DC magnetic device for safe medical use of potentially harmful magnetic nanocarriers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124918. [PMID: 33422751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Continuing our previous research work on a drug delivery system based on combined AC/DC magnetic fields, we have developed a prototype AC/DC magnetic syringe device for stimulation of drug release from drug carriers, with the options of injecting/removing drug carriers. The porous Fe3O4 carrier, in a dose-dependent manner, causes acute oxidative damage and reduces the viability of differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, indicating the necessity for its removal once it reaches the therapeutic concentration at the target tissue. The working mechanism of the device consists of three simple steps. First, direct injection of the drug adsorbed on the surface of a carrier via a needle inserted into the targeted area. The second step is stimulation of drug release using a combination of AC magnetic field (a coil magnetised needle with AC current) and permanent magnets (DC magnetic lens outside of the body), and the third step is removal of the drug carriers from the injected area after the completion of drug release by magnetising the tip of the needle with DC current. Removing the drug carriers allows us to avoid possible acute and long term side effects of the drug carriers in the patient's body, as well as any potential response of the body to the drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mislav Mustapić
- Department of Physics, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Zvonko Glumac
- Department of Physics, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Milorad Zjalić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, JJ Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivan Prološčić
- Department of Physics, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mostafa Masud
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Senka Blažetić
- Department of Biology, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Vuković
- Department of Biology, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Motasim Billah
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia; School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Aslam Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzana Šegota
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Md Shahriar Al Hossain
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia; School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia.
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15
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Sies H, Jones DP. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as pleiotropic physiological signalling agents. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:363-383. [PMID: 32231263 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-0230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2198] [Impact Index Per Article: 549.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
'Reactive oxygen species' (ROS) is an umbrella term for an array of derivatives of molecular oxygen that occur as a normal attribute of aerobic life. Elevated formation of the different ROS leads to molecular damage, denoted as 'oxidative distress'. Here we focus on ROS at physiological levels and their central role in redox signalling via different post-translational modifications, denoted as 'oxidative eustress'. Two species, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the superoxide anion radical (O2·-), are key redox signalling agents generated under the control of growth factors and cytokines by more than 40 enzymes, prominently including NADPH oxidases and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. At the low physiological levels in the nanomolar range, H2O2 is the major agent signalling through specific protein targets, which engage in metabolic regulation and stress responses to support cellular adaptation to a changing environment and stress. In addition, several other reactive species are involved in redox signalling, for instance nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and oxidized lipids. Recent methodological advances permit the assessment of molecular interactions of specific ROS molecules with specific targets in redox signalling pathways. Accordingly, major advances have occurred in understanding the role of these oxidants in physiology and disease, including the nervous, cardiovascular and immune systems, skeletal muscle and metabolic regulation as well as ageing and cancer. In the past, unspecific elimination of ROS by use of low molecular mass antioxidant compounds was not successful in counteracting disease initiation and progression in clinical trials. However, controlling specific ROS-mediated signalling pathways by selective targeting offers a perspective for a future of more refined redox medicine. This includes enzymatic defence systems such as those controlled by the stress-response transcription factors NRF2 and nuclear factor-κB, the role of trace elements such as selenium, the use of redox drugs and the modulation of environmental factors collectively known as the exposome (for example, nutrition, lifestyle and irradiation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Sies
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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16
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Adhikari A, Biswas P, Mondal S, Das M, Darbar S, Hameed AM, Alharbi A, Ahmed SA, Sankar Bhattacharya S, Pal D, Kumar Pal S. A Smart Nanotherapeutic Agent for in vitro and in vivo Reversal of Heavy‐Metal‐Induced Causality: Key Information from Optical Spectroscopy. ChemMedChem 2019; 15:420-429. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Adhikari
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular SciencesSN Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake Kolkata 700106 India
| | - Pritam Biswas
- Department of MicrobiologySt. Xavier's College 30, Mother Teresa Sarani Kolkata 700016 India
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular SciencesSN Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake Kolkata 700106 India
| | - Monojit Das
- Department of Zoology Uluberia CollegeUniversity of Calcutta Uluberia Howrah 711315 India
| | - Soumendra Darbar
- Research and Development DivisionDey's Medical Stores (Mfg.) Ltd. 62, Bondel Road, Ballygunge Kolkata 700019 India
| | - Ahmed M. Hameed
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied SciencesUmm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied SciencesUmm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied SciencesUmm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAssiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
| | | | - Debasish Pal
- Department of Zoology Uluberia CollegeUniversity of Calcutta Uluberia Howrah 711315 India
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular SciencesSN Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake Kolkata 700106 India
- Department of Zoology Uluberia CollegeUniversity of Calcutta Uluberia Howrah 711315 India
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