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Papaefthimiou M, Kontou PI, Bagos PG, Braliou GG. Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extracts from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Exerts Attenuating Effect on Diseased Experimental Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3325. [PMID: 37571265 PMCID: PMC10420666 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is an aromatic plant known for its high sweetening power ascribed to its glycosides. Stevia also contains several bioactive compounds showing antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Since inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many diseases, stevia emerges as a promising natural product that could support human health. In this study we set out to investigate the way stevia affects oxidative stress markers (e.g., SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, MDA) in diseased rats administered stevia leaf extracts or glycosides. To this end, we performed an inclusive literature search, following PRISMA guidelines, and recruited multivariate meta-analysis and meta-regression to synthesize all available data on experimental animal models encountering (a) healthy, (b) diseased, and (c) stevia-treated diseased rats. From the 184 articles initially retrieved, 24 satisfied the eligibility criteria, containing 104 studies. Our results demonstrate that regardless of the assay employed, stevia leaf extracts restored all oxidative stress markers to a higher extent compared to pure glycosides. Meta-regression analysis revealed that results from SOD, CAT, GSH, and TAC assays are not statistically significantly different (p = 0.184) and can be combined in meta-analysis. Organic extracts from stevia leaves showed more robust antioxidant properties compared to aqueous or hydroalcoholic ones. The restoration of oxidative markers ranged from 65% to 85% and was exhibited in all tested tissues. Rats with diabetes mellitus were found to have the highest restorative response to stevia leaf extract administration. Our results suggest that stevia leaf extract can act protectively against various diseases through its antioxidant properties. However, which of each of the multitude of stevia compounds contribute to this effect, and to what extent, awaits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papaefthimiou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35 131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
| | | | - Pantelis G. Bagos
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35 131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
| | - Georgia G. Braliou
- Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, 35 131 Lamia, Greece; (M.P.); (P.G.B.)
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2
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Khawaja M, Siddiqui R, Virani SS, Amos CI, Bandyopadhyay D, Virk HUH, Alam M, Jneid H, Krittanawong C. Integrative Genetic Approach Facilitates Precision Strategies for Acute Myocardial Infarction. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1340. [PMID: 37510245 PMCID: PMC10379681 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction remains a significant cause of mortality worldwide and its burden continues to grow. Its pathophysiology is known to be complex and multifactorial, with several acquired and inherited risk factors. As advances in technology and medical therapy continue, there is now increasing recognition of the role that genetics play in the development and management of myocardial infarction. The genetic determinants of acute coronary syndrome are still vastly understudied, but the advent of whole-genome scanning and genome-wide association studies has significantly expanded the current understanding of genetics and simultaneously fostered hope that genetic profiling and gene-guided treatments could substantially impact clinical outcomes. The identification of genes associated with acute myocardial infarction can help in the development of personalized medicine, risk stratification, and improved therapeutic strategies. In this context, several genes have been studied, and their potential involvement in increasing the risk for acute myocardial infarction is being investigated. As such, this article provides a review of some of the genes potentially related to an increased risk for acute myocardial infarction as well as the latest updates in gene-guided risk stratification and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Khawaja
- Department of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rehma Siddiqui
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Salim S Virani
- Department of Cardiology, The Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
- Department of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Dhrubajyoti Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Department of Cardiology, The Texas Heart Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hani Jneid
- Department of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chayakrit Krittanawong
- Department of Cardiology, NYU Langone Health and NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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3
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Sachs UJ, Kirsch-Altena A, Müller J. Markers of Hereditary Thrombophilia with Unclear Significance. Hamostaseologie 2022; 42:370-380. [PMID: 36549289 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombophilia leads to an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Widely accepted risk factors for thrombophilia comprise deficiencies of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin, as well as the factor V "Leiden" mutation, the prothrombin G20210A mutation, dysfibrinogenemia, and, albeit less conclusive, increased levels of factor VIII. Besides these established markers of thrombophilia, risk factors of unclear significance have been described in the literature. These inherited risk factors include deficiencies or loss-of-activity of the activity of ADAMTS13, heparin cofactor II, plasminogen, tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), thrombomodulin, protein Z (PZ), as well as PZ-dependent protease inhibitor. On the other hand, thrombophilia has been linked to the gain-of-activity, or elevated levels, of α2-antiplasmin, angiotensin-converting enzyme, coagulation factors IX (FIX) and XI (FXI), fibrinogen, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). With respect to the molecular interactions that may influence the thrombotic risk, more complex mechanisms have been described for endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and factor XIII (FXIII) Val34Leu. With focus on the risk for venous thrombosis, the present review aims to give an overview on the current knowledge on the significance of the aforementioned markers for thrombophilia screening. According to the current knowledge, there appears to be weak evidence for a potential impact of EPCR, FIX, FXI, FXIII Val34Leu, fibrinogen, homocysteine, PAI-1, PZ, TAFI, and TFPI on the thrombotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich J Sachs
- Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Immunology, Transfusion Medicine and Haemostasis, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anette Kirsch-Altena
- Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Institute for Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Bonn University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
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Tabaei S, Omraninava M, Mehranfar S, Motallebnezhad M, Tabaee SS. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Polymorphisms and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease: Evidence From Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:1409-1445. [PMID: 35039979 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to find out if there was association between Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene polymorphisms (- 844 G > A and - 675 4G > 5G) and susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD). Search of electronic databases was performed and the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were exerted to evaluate the pooled association between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and risk of CAD. For - 675 4G > 5G SNP, dominant (OR = 0.90), recessive (OR = 0.90), allelic (OR = 0.91), homozygous (OR = 0.84), and heterozygous (OR = 0.96) models were significantly associated with decreased risk of CAD. Moreover, all five genetic models were associated significantly with decreased CAD risk in the Causation and Arab populations. The results in Asians were marginally significant in recessive, allelic, and homozygote models. The male gender was found to be a risk factor in individuals with PAI-1 4G > 5G SNP in the dominant model (OR = 0.89), recessive model (OR = 0.91), allelic model (OR = 0.92), homozygous model (OR = 0.86), and heterozygous model (OR = 0.91). The results of pooled ORs for overall populations and subgroup analysis by ethnicity reject any association between PAI-1 gene - 844 G > A polymorphism and CAD risk under all genetic comparisons. The results of this meta-analysis indicated that PAI-1 4G > 5G SNP was associated with decreased risk of CAD in the overall population as well as in the Asians, Caucasians, and Arab populations. However, the PAI-1 gene - 844 G > A polymorphism had no significant association with susceptibility to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tabaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Melodi Omraninava
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Sahar Mehranfar
- Department of Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Motallebnezhad
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Samaneh Tabaee
- Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Street, 9319116911, Neyshabur, Iran.
- Faculty of Medicine, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Luo Z, Liu Y, Li H, Zhou Y, Peng Y, Lin X, Fang Y, Wan J, Wei B. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of SERPINE1 4G/5G Insertion/Deletion Variant With Circulating Lipid Levels. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:859979. [PMID: 35811710 PMCID: PMC9260103 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.859979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that the 4G/5G insertion/deletion variant of SERPINE1 (rs1799889) is closely linked to coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aims to clarify the effects of the rs1799889 variant on lipid levels and to insight into the mechanisms underlying the rs1799889 variant and CAD. Methods and Results By searching PubMed and the Cochrane databases for studies published before 31 October 2021, 40 studies conducted on a total of 13,117 subjects were included for the analysis. The consistent findings for the effects of the 5G allele of rs1799889 variant on lipid metabolism were the significantly decreased triglycerides (TG) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = –0.12, 95% CI = –0.21 to 0.03, P = 0.01], total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = –0.12, 95% CI = –0.17 to 0.06, P < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD = –0.13, 95% CI = –0.23 to 0.03, P = 0.01) levels. Intriguingly, the significant effects of the rs1799889 variant on LDL-C (SMD = –0.15, 95% CI = –0.26 to 0.05, P < 0.01) and TC (SMD = –0.17, 95% CI = –0.27 to 0.07, P < 0.01) levels were primarily observed in the Asian population. However, the significant effect of the rs1799889 variant on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.03–0.48, P = 0.03) levels was detected only in female subjects. Conclusion The rs1799889 variant of SERPINE1 is a protective genetic factor against CAD, the Asian population with the 5G allele of the rs1799889 variant may have a reduced CAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, China Resources and WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Geratology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yawen Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, China Resources and WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, China Resources and WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Wan,
| | - Baozhu Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Baozhu Wei,
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Udaya R, Sivakanesan R. Synopsis of Biomarkers of Atheromatous Plaque Formation, Rupture and Thrombosis in the Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes. Curr Cardiol Rev 2022; 18:53-62. [PMID: 35410616 PMCID: PMC9896418 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x18666220411113450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome is the main cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and early diagnosis is a challenge for clinicians. Though cardiac Troponin, the most commonly used biomarker, is the gold standard for myocardial necrosis, it is blind for ischemia without necrosis. Therefore, ideal biomarkers are essential in the care of patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of cardiac ischemia. The ideal biomarker or group of biomarkers of atheromatous plaque formation, rupture and thrombosis for timely and accurate diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome is a current need. Therefore, we discuss the existing understanding and future of biomarkers of atheromatous plaque formation, rupture and thrombosis of acute coronary syndrome in this review. Keywords were searched from Medline, ISI, IBSS and Google Scholar databases. Further, the authors conducted a manual search of other relevant journals and reference lists of primary articles. The development of high-sensitivity troponin assays facilitates earlier exclusion of acute coronary syndrome, contributing to a reduced length of stay at the emergency department, and earlier treatment resulting in better outcomes. Although researchers have investigated biomarkers of atheromatous plaque formation, rupture and thrombosis to help early diagnosis of cardiac ischemia, most of them necessitate validation from further analysis. Among these biomarkers, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and endothelial cell-specific molecule- 1(endocan) have shown promising results in the early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome but need further evaluation. However, the use of a combination of biomarkers representing varying pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac ischemia will support risk assessment, diagnosis and prognosis in these patients and this is the way forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralapanawa Udaya
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Galaha Rd, 20400, Sri Lanka; Tel: 0718495682; E-mail:
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Sang M, Fu Y, Wei C, Yang J, Qiu X, Ma J, Qin C, Wu F, Zhou X, Yang T, Sun M. Comparison of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and microvascular endothelial function in patients with primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2021; 22:1470320321999491. [PMID: 33678006 PMCID: PMC8164554 DOI: 10.1177/1470320321999491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Studies have shown that primary aldosteronism (PA) has a higher risk of
cardiovascular events than essential hypertension (EH). Endothelial
dysfunction is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Whether PA
and EH differ in the endothelial dysfunction is uncertain. Our study was
designed to investigate the levels of biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction
(Asymmetric dimethylarginine, ADMA; E-selectin, and Plasminogen activator
inhibitor-1, PAI-1) and assess the microvascular endothelial function in
patients with PA and EH, respectively. Methods: The biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction were measured by enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Microvascular endothelial function was
evaluated by Pulse amplitude tonometry (PAT). Results: Thirty-one subjects with EH and 36 subjects with PA including 22 with
aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 14 with idiopathic
hyperaldosteronism (IHA) were enrolled in our study. The ADMA levels among
the three groups were different (APA 47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs EH 25.08
(22.44, 39.79) ng/ml vs IHA 26.00 (22.23, 33.75) ng/ml;
p = 0.04), however, when the APA group was
compared with EH and IHA group, there was no statistical significance (47.83
(27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs 25.08 (22.44, 39.79) ng/ml for EH,
p = 0.11; 47.83 (27.50, 87.74) ng/ml vs
IHA 26.00 (33.75) ng/ml, p = 0.07). The
results of ADMA levels are presented as Median (p25, p75). Whereas, levels
of PAI-1 and E-selectin, microvascular endothelial function were not
significantly different between PA and EH subjects. Conclusions: Our study shows no significant differences between PA and EH in terms of
biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and microvascular endothelial
function. The microvascular endothelial function of PA and EH patients is
comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Sang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenmin Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueting Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingqing Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feiyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueling Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Mohammad AM, Othman GO, Saeed CH, Al Allawi S, Gedeon GS, Qadir SM, Al-Allawi N. Genetic polymorphisms in early-onset myocardial infarction in a sample of Iraqi patients: a pilot study. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:541. [PMID: 33228791 PMCID: PMC7686715 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Early-onset myocardial infarction constitutes nearly one third of cases of myocardial infarction among Iraqis, which is rather higher than the proportions reported in many Western countries. Thus this study was initiated to investigate the role of some genetic polymorphisms, as well as acquired risk factors in this condition. RESULTS A total of 102 Iraqi patients with first myocardial infarction aged 50 years, and 77 matched controls were enrolled. The DNAs of participants were screened for nine polymorphisms, namely: β-Fibrinogen (- 455G > A), Factor XIII (V34L), Plasminogen Activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1, 4G/5G), Human Platelet Antigen-1 (HPA1a/b), 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase MTHFR (C677T) and MTHFR (A1298C), Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) 287 bp insertion/deletion (I/D), Apolipoprotein-B (ApoB: R3500Q), and Apolipoprotein-E (Apo E: E2/E3/E4), using PCR and reverse hybridization technique. Among traditional risk factors, univariate analysis revealed that smoking (OR 2.86 [95%CI 1.53-5.34]), hyperlipidemia (OR 5.23 [95%CI 2.66-10.29]), and diabetes mellitus (OR 4.05 [95% CI 1.57-10.41]) were significantly higher among patients compared to controls (P<0.001, <0.001 and 0.002 respectively), while none of the nine genetic polymorphisms reached significance. Multivariate Logistic regression, however, revealed that only smoking and hyperlipidemia retained significance (P of < 0.001 each). The need to initiate further studies on larger cohorts is paramount to understand the higher than expected frequency of early-onset myocardial infarction in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameen M. Mohammad
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, 9 Azadi Hospital Rd, Duhok, 1014AM Iraq
| | - Galawezh O. Othman
- Department of Biology, Education College, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Chiman H. Saeed
- Medical Research Center, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | - George S. Gedeon
- Consultant Clinical Biochemist, Gedeon Medical Laboratories, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shatha M. Qadir
- Department of Hematology, Azadi Teaching Hospital, Duhok, Iraq
| | - Nasir Al-Allawi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
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9
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Tahtamouni LH, Hamdan MN, Al-Mazaydeh ZA, Bawadi RM, Rammaha MS, Zghoul AM, Ahram MA, Yasin SR. Alu-repeat polymorphism in the tissue plasminogen activator ( t-PA) gene, seminal t-PA concentration, and male fertility impairment: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:571-578. [PMID: 32930675 PMCID: PMC7457157 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v13i8.7496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a protein involved in the fibrinolytic system that catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen into the active plasmin. The activity of t-PA is controlled by plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. t-PA has crucial functions during spermatogenesis. One polymorphism was reported for t-PA gene, either the presence of a 300-bp Alu-repeat (Alu + ) or its absence (Alu - ). Objective The current work aimed at studying the association between Alu polymorphism in the t-PA gene and male infertility. Materials and Methods Using polymerase chain reaction on genomic DNA isolated from the blood of 79 participants, a region polymorphic for Alu element insertion in t-PA gene was amplified. In addition, total t-PA concentration, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 /t-PA complex concentration, and t-PA activity in seminal plasma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The results indicate that the percentage of infertile participants (n = 50) who were homozygous for t-PA Alu insertion (Alu + / + ), heterozygous Alu + / - or homozygous for t-PA Alu deletion (Alu - / - ) did not change significantly (p = 0.43, 0.81, and 0.85, respectively) when compared with the control participants (n = 29). On the other hand, a significant decrease (p = 0.0001) of t-PA total concentration in seminal plasma was observed in the infertile group in comparison with the control group. However, the results indicate that there is no association between the t-PA Alu different genotypes and the total t-PA seminal concentration in the infertile group when compared to the control group (p = 0.63). Conclusion Data obtained from the current study does not support an association between t-PA Alu polymorphism and t-PA seminal concentration or male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Hamid Tahtamouni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mahmoud Nael Hamdan
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Zainab Ali Al-Mazaydeh
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Randa Mahmoud Bawadi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Majdoleen Sobhi Rammaha
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Zghoul
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mamoun Ahmad Ahram
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Salem Refat Yasin
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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10
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Zhang X, Cai X, Pan J. Correlation Between PAI-1 Gene 4G/5G Polymorphism and the Risk of Thrombosis in Ph Chromosome-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2020; 26:1076029620935207. [PMID: 32683889 PMCID: PMC7372617 DOI: 10.1177/1076029620935207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis has been recognized as one of the most significant risk factors of high mortality and disability in patients with Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). However, the risk factors of thrombotic events in these patients have not been completely understood. In this study, the clinical data of 58 patients with Ph-MPNs were obtained and analyzed, including 34 cases of essential thrombocytopenia (ET), 23 thrombotic events happened in 21 (36%) patients, among which 60% (14 of 23) with cerebral infarction, 17% (4 of 23) with coronary heart disease and 23% (5 of 23) with venous thrombosis. There were no significant differences in age, sex, and blood cell count between polycythemia vera (PV) and ET patients who have experienced thrombotic events and those who have not. In ET patients, the incidence of thrombotic events in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) genotype 4G4G was significantly higher than that in genotype 4G5G and genotype 5G5G (P < .05). The incidence of thrombotic events in PV and ET patients with infection was higher than those without infection (P < .05). Using logistic regression analysis, we found that PAI-1 genotype 4G4G and infection were associated with thrombotic events (odds ratio 6.744, 95% CI: 1.195-38.056 and 15.641 95% CI: 3.327-73.522). The 4G/4G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene and infection are independent risk factors of thrombotic events in patients with Ph-MPNs. PAI-1 gene 4G4G and infection in ET and PV patients with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F mutation were shown to be high risk of thrombotic events. Therefore, clinical doctors should put more attention on PAI-1 genotype 4G4G and infection in JAK2 V617F mutated patients with Ph-MPNs to prevent the thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueya Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xuerong Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jingxin Pan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Hussein TM, Abd Elmoaty Elneily D, Mohamed Abdelfattah Elsayed F, El-Attar LM. Genetic risk factors for venous thromboembolism among infertile men with Klinefelter syndrome. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENDOCRINOLOGY 2020; 20:100228. [PMID: 32577403 PMCID: PMC7303976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2020.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Infertile males with KS have sex-chromosome abnormalities, endocrinal disturbances and other health problems. Hereditary thrombophilia may exacerbate tendency to thrombosis in KS patients. Genotype and allele frequency of thrombophilic gene variants were remarkably high in men with KS. The coexistence of different mutant alleles was evident in infertile KS males.
Background Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is one of the commonest sex chromosome disorders. Affected males become infertile and highly susceptible to several health problems, including vascular thromboembolism (VTE). The risk of VTE may be exacerbated by an underlying genetically inherited thrombophilia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genotype and allele frequencies of common gene polymorphisms related to hereditary thrombophilia in infertile males with KS compared to normal, fertile men. Methods Eighty-five infertile males with KS and 75 healthy control males were included in this case-control study. Genetic testing was done using an extended thrombophilia gene panel by Multiplex PCR reverse hybridization method. Results There was an increased frequency of mutant alleles and heterozygous genotypes of FV Leiden, FV H 1299R, Pro G20210A, MTHFR C677T and PAI-1 4G/5G thrombophilic gene polymorphisms in KS patients compared to the control group. It was shown that 10.7% of KS patients had the A3 haplotype of the EPCR gene in comparison to 5.3% of control patients. The A3/A3 genotype was found only in KS patients (7.1%). Carriers of more than one mutant allele in KS patients exceeded the control (p < 0.001). Conclusion A high prevalence of thrombophilic gene polymorphisms and the coexistence of different mutant alleles were evident in infertile KS males. These data highlight the importance of conducting further studies to understand the role of hereditary thrombophilia in predicting venous thrombosis in patients with Klinefelter syndrome.
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Key Words
- APC, activated protein C
- Allele frequency
- BMI, Body mass index
- EPCR, Endothelial protein C receptor
- FSH, Follicle stimulating hormone
- FV Leiden, Factor V leiden
- Genotype
- HDL, High density lipoprotein
- Hereditary thrombophilia
- Klinefelter syndrome
- LDL, Low density lipoprotein
- LH, Luteinizing hormone
- MAF, Minor Allele Frequency
- MTHFR, 5, 10-methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase
- PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
- PROCR, Protein C receptor gene
- PTH, Prothrombin
- Polymorphism
- SNP, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
- VTE, Venous thromboembolism
- VTE, thrombosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M Hussein
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalia Abd Elmoaty Elneily
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Lama M El-Attar
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Sarecka-Hujar B, Kopyta I, Skrzypek M. Lack of Associations Between PAI-1 and FXIII Polymorphisms and Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2019; 25:1076029619869500. [PMID: 31530188 PMCID: PMC6829646 DOI: 10.1177/1076029619869500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of genetic risk factors for ischemic stroke seems to be in particular significance in pediatric patients. Numerous polymorphic variants of genes encoding proteins, that is, plasminogen activator inhibitor as well as coagulation factors, involved in the coagulation cascade may be related to arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) both in adults and children. We performed systematic review and 2 meta-analyses to assess possible correlations between common plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and FXIII polymorphisms and ischemic stroke in children. We searched PubMed to identify available data published before October 2018 using appropriate keywords and inclusion criteria. Finally, 12 case-control studies were included: 8 analyzing PAI-1 polymorphism (600 children with stroke and 2152 controls) and 4-FXIII polymorphism (358 children with stroke and 451 controls). R and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software were used to analyze the impact of the particular polymorphism in the following models: dominant, recessive, additive, and allelic. No publication bias was observed in both meta-analyses. In case of PAI-1 polymorphism, we observed no relation between 4G4G genotype of 4G allele and ischemic stroke in children. We also demonstrated lack of association between FXIII polymorphism and childhood ischemic stroke. In children with AIS, the PAI-1 and FXIII polymorphisms are not risk factors for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Sarecka-Hujar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Ilona Kopyta
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Skrzypek
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
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Alotaibi FT, Peng B, Klausen C, Lee AF, Abdelkareem AO, Orr NL, Noga H, Bedaiwy MA, Yong PJ. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in endometriosis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219064. [PMID: 31315131 PMCID: PMC6637014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is defined as an endometriotic lesion penetrating to a depth of >5 mm and is associated with pelvic pain, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Our objective is to investigate whether plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression (PAI-1) in endometriotic tissues is increased in women with DIE. Methods In this blinded in vitro study, immunohistochemistry and Histoscore were used to examine the expression of PAI-1 in glandular epithelium (GECs) and stroma (SCs) in a total of 62 women: deep infiltrating uterosacral/rectovaginal endometriosis (DIE; n = 13), ovarian endometrioma (OMA; n = 14), superficial peritoneal uterosacral/cul-de-sac endometriosis (SUP; n = 23), uterine (eutopic) endometrium from women with endometriosis (UE; n = 6), and non-endometriosis eutopic endometrium (UC; n = 6). The following patient characteristics were also collected: age, American Fertility Society stage, hormonal suppression, phase of menstrual cycle, dysmenorrhea score and deep dyspareunia score. Results PAI-1 expression in GECs and SCs of the DIE group was significantly higher than that of SUP group (p = 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively) and UE group (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, respectively). Interestingly, increased PAI-1 expression in GECs and SCs was also significantly correlated with increased dysmenorrhea (r = 0.38, p = 0.01; r = 0.34, p = 0.02, respectively). Conclusions We found higher expression of PAI-1 in DIE, and an association between PAI-1 and worse dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad T. Alotaibi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christian Klausen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Anna F. Lee
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amr O. Abdelkareem
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Natasha L. Orr
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Heather Noga
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mohamed A. Bedaiwy
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Paul J. Yong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ašić A, Salazar R, Storm N, Doğan S, Höppner W, Marjanović D, Primorac D. Population study of thrombophilic markers and pharmacogenetic markers of warfarin prevalence in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croat Med J 2019; 60:212-220. [PMID: 31187948 PMCID: PMC6563168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the prevalence of common genetic variants that can serve as markers of thrombophilia and warfarin pharmacogenetics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS The study was performed between August and October 2017 on 130 healthy unrelated adult volunteers from Bosnian-Herzegovinian population sample. The prevalence of the following genetic variants was determined: F5 c.1601G>A (factor V Leiden), F2 c.*97G>A (factor II or prothrombin mutation), F13A1 (factor XIII) c.103G>T, MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) c.665C>T and c.1286A>C, as well as PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) c.-816A>G and c.-844G>A as markers of thrombophilia risk, and *2 and *3 alleles of CYP2C9 (cytochrome P450 2C9) and five variants of VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1) as markers of warfarin pharmacogenetics. DNA was isolated from buccal swabs using salting out method, while genotyping was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS Minor allele frequencies for two main thrombophilia risk factors, F5 c.1601G>A and F2 c.*97G>A were 0.023 and 0.008, respectively. Combined data for the markers of warfarin pharmacogenetics imply that 57.4% study participants can be expected to metabolize warfarin at an extensive, 40.3% at intermediate, and 2.3% at a poor rate. CONCLUSION This study reports the first extensive population genetic data for thrombophilia and warfarin pharmacogenetic markers in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Allele frequencies of genetic variants are within the general average for European populations, and their presence implies the necessity of introduction of personalized medicine in warfarin-mediated antithrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adna Ašić
- Adna Ašić, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University, Francuske revolucije bb, 71210 Ilidža, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
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Genetic Polymorphisms in Sepsis and Cardiovascular Disease: Do Similar Risk Genes Suggest Similar Drug Targets? Chest 2019; 155:1260-1271. [PMID: 30660782 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants are associated with altered clinical outcome of patients with sepsis and cardiovascular diseases. Common gene signaling pathways may be involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases. A better understanding of genetic commonality among these diseases may enable the discovery of important genes, signaling pathways, and therapeutic targets for these diseases. We investigated the common genetic factors by a systematic search of the literature. Twenty-four genes (ADRB2, CD14, FGB, FV, HMOX1, IL1B, IL1RN, IL6, IL10, IL17A, IRAK1, MASP2, MBL, MIR608, MIF, NOD2, PCSK9, PPARG, PROC, SERPINE1, SOD2, SVEP1, TF, TIRAP, TLR1) were extracted as reported genetic variations associated with altered outcome of both sepsis and cardiovascular diseases. Of these genes, the adverse allele (or combinations) was same in nine (ADRB2, FV, HMOX1, IL6, MBL, MIF, NOD2, PCSK9, SERPINE1), and the effect appears to be in the same direction in both sepsis and cardiovascular disease. Shared gene signaling pathways suggest that these are true biological results and could point to overlapping drug targets in sepsis and cardiovascular disease.
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16
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Kinoshita M, Yokote K, Arai H, Iida M, Ishigaki Y, Ishibashi S, Umemoto S, Egusa G, Ohmura H, Okamura T, Kihara S, Koba S, Saito I, Shoji T, Daida H, Tsukamoto K, Deguchi J, Dohi S, Dobashi K, Hamaguchi H, Hara M, Hiro T, Biro S, Fujioka Y, Maruyama C, Miyamoto Y, Murakami Y, Yokode M, Yoshida H, Rakugi H, Wakatsuki A, Yamashita S. Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2017. J Atheroscler Thromb 2018; 25:846-984. [PMID: 30135334 PMCID: PMC6143773 DOI: 10.5551/jat.gl2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mami Iida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Seiji Umemoto
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Hirotoshi Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Okamura
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kihara
- Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Community Health Systems Nursing, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Tsukamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juno Deguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Seitaro Dohi
- Chief Health Management Department, Mitsui Chemicals Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Dobashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hiro
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chizuko Maruyama
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyamoto
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Yokode
- Department of Clinical Innovative Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Wakatsuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Department of Community Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Rinku General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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Jung RG, Simard T, Labinaz A, Ramirez FD, Di Santo P, Motazedian P, Rochman R, Gaudet C, Faraz MA, Beanlands RS, Hibbert B. Role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in coronary pathophysiology. Thromb Res 2018; 164:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.02.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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18
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Genetics of myocardial infarction: The role of thrombosis-associated genes. A review article. Meta Gene 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Song C, Burgess S, Eicher JD, O'Donnell CJ, Johnson AD. Causal Effect of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 on Coronary Heart Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004918. [PMID: 28550093 PMCID: PMC5669150 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI‐1) plays an essential role in the fibrinolysis system and thrombosis. Population studies have reported that blood PAI‐1 levels are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is unclear whether the association reflects a causal influence of PAI‐1 on CHD risk. Methods and Results To evaluate the association between PAI‐1 and CHD, we applied a 3‐step strategy. First, we investigated the observational association between PAI‐1 and CHD incidence using a systematic review based on a literature search for PAI‐1 and CHD studies. Second, we explored the causal association between PAI‐1 and CHD using a Mendelian randomization approach using summary statistics from large genome‐wide association studies. Finally, we explored the causal effect of PAI‐1 on cardiovascular risk factors including metabolic and subclinical atherosclerosis measures. In the systematic meta‐analysis, the highest quantile of blood PAI‐1 level was associated with higher CHD risk comparing with the lowest quantile (odds ratio=2.17; 95% CI: 1.53, 3.07) in an age‐ and sex‐adjusted model. The effect size was reduced in studies using a multivariable‐adjusted model (odds ratio=1.46; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.88). The Mendelian randomization analyses suggested a causal effect of increased PAI‐1 level on CHD risk (odds ratio=1.22 per unit increase of log‐transformed PAI‐1; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47). In addition, we also detected a causal effect of PAI‐1 on elevating blood glucose and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions Our study indicates a causal effect of elevated PAI‐1 level on CHD risk, which may be mediated by glucose dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ci Song
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA .,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John D Eicher
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA.,Cardiology Section and Center for Population Genomics, Boston Veteran's Administration (VA) Healthcare, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA.,The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Marotta F, Marcellino M, Solimene U, Cuffari B, Yadav H, Khokhlov AN, Lorenzetti A, Mantello A, Cervi J, Catanzaro R. A 2-year Double-Blind RCT Follow-up Study with Fermented Papaya Preparation (FPP) Modulating Key Markers in Middle-Age Subjects with Clustered Neurodegenerative Disease-Risk Factors. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & BIOPHARMACEUTICS 2017; 6. [PMID: 31007971 PMCID: PMC6474671 DOI: 10.4172/2167-065x.1000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years a number of studies have reported the significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and neurodegenerative disease. There is accumulating evidence that the interplay of combined genetic and environmental risk factors (from diet to life style to pollutants) to intrinsic age-related oxi-inflammatory changes may be advocated for to explain the pandemic of neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years a specific Fermented Papaya Preparation (FPP) has been shown to significantly affect a number of redox signalling abnormalities in a variety of chronic diseases and as well in aging mechanisms either on experimental and on clinical ground. The aim of the present study was to evaluate FPP use in impending metabolic disease patients with potentially neurodegenerative disease clustered risk factors. The study population consisted of 90 patients aged 45-65 years old, with impending metabolic syndrome and previously selected as to be ApoE4 genotype negative. By applying a RCT, double-blind method, one group received FPP 4.5 g twice a day (the most common dosage utilized in prior clinical studies) while the other received an oral antioxidant cocktail (trans-resveratrol, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C). Then, after 21 month treatment period, a selected heavy metal chelator was added at the dosage of 3 g/nocte for the final 3 months study treatment. The parameters tested were: routine tests oxidized LDL-cholesterol, anti-oxidised LDL, Cyclophilin-A (CyPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and CyPA gene expression. From this study it would appear that FPP, unlike the control antioxidant, significantly decreased oxidized-LDL and near normalizing the anti-Ox-LDL/Ox-LDL ratio (p<0.001) although unaffecting the lipid profile per sè. Moreover, only FPP decreased cyclophilin-A plasma level and plasminogen activator-inhibitor (p<0.01) together with downregulating cyclophilin-A gene expression (p<0.01). Insulin resistance was only mildly improved. Heavy metals gut clearance proved to be effectively enhanced by the chelator (p<0.01) and this was not affected by any of the nutraceuticals, nor it added any further benefit to the biological action of FPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Marotta
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention, San Babila Clinic, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Solimene
- WHO-Center for Traditional Medicine and Biotechnology, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Biagio Cuffari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Hariom Yadav
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Wake Forest Medical Center, Biotech Place, Winston-Salem, USA
| | - Alexander N Khokhlov
- Evolutionary Cytogerontology Sector, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aldo Lorenzetti
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention, San Babila Clinic, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Joseph Cervi
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention, San Babila Clinic, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Catanzaro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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The Association of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 (PAI-1) Level and PAI-1 4G/5G Gene Polymorphism with the Formation and the Grade of Endometrial Cancer. Biochem Genet 2017; 55:314-321. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-017-9796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Cvetkovic D, Lafaro R, Giamelli J, Suvro S, Erb M, Yaghoubian S. Quadruple Vessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in a 14-Year-Old Child With Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 4G/4G Gene Polymorphism. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2016; 20:163-7. [DOI: 10.1177/1089253216631426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease is an extremely rare condition in childhood and adolescence. Absence of obvious serious risk factors remains a challenge to modern cardiology. We present the case of a 14-year-old boy who underwent quadruple-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting with bilateral pedicled internal mammary artery and bilateral radial artery grafting. We try to highlight a rare but important 4G variant PAI-1 (SERPINE 1) gene mutation as the etiology of severe coronary artery disease in our patient. To the best of our knowledge, he is one of the youngest patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery with 4 arterial grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Draginja Cvetkovic
- New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Rocco Lafaro
- New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Giamelli
- New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Sett Suvro
- New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Markus Erb
- New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Saman Yaghoubian
- New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Abbasi A. Mendelian randomization studies of biomarkers and type 2 diabetes. Endocr Connect 2015; 4:249-60. [PMID: 26446360 PMCID: PMC4654400 DOI: 10.1530/ec-15-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many biomarkers are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in epidemiological observations. The aim of this study was to identify and summarize current evidence for causal effects of biomarkers on T2D. A systematic literature search in PubMed and EMBASE (until April 2015) was done to identify Mendelian randomization studies that examined potential causal effects of biomarkers on T2D. To replicate the findings of identified studies, data from two large-scale, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were used: DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAMv3) for T2D and the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC) for glycaemic traits. GWAS summary statistics were extracted for the same genetic variants (or proxy variants), which were used in the original Mendelian randomization studies. Of the 21 biomarkers (from 28 studies), ten have been reported to be causally associated with T2D in Mendelian randomization. Most biomarkers were investigated in a single cohort study or population. Of the ten biomarkers that were identified, nominally significant associations with T2D or glycaemic traits were reached for those genetic variants related to bilirubin, pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, delta-6 desaturase and dimethylglycine based on the summary data from DIAGRAMv3 or MAGIC. Several Mendelian randomization studies investigated the nature of associations of biomarkers with T2D. However, there were only a few biomarkers that may have causal effects on T2D. Further research is needed to broadly evaluate the causal effects of multiple biomarkers on T2D and glycaemic traits using data from large-scale cohorts or GWAS including many different genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abbasi
- MRC Epidemiology UnitUniversity of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Post Box 285, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UKDepartment of Epidemiology and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands MRC Epidemiology UnitUniversity of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Post Box 285, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UKDepartment of Epidemiology and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Stote KS, Tracy RP, Taylor PR, Baer DJ. The effect of moderate alcohol consumption on biomarkers of inflammation and hemostatic factors in postmenopausal women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 70:470-4. [PMID: 26554758 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Inflammation and hemostasis contribute to the etiology of cardiovascular disease. We previously demonstrated that moderate alcohol consumption (1-2 drinks/day) may decrease risk for cardiovascular disease because of an improved lipid profile. In addition to these beneficial changes, the alcohol-mediated reduction in risk may be through its effect on inflammation and hemostasis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on biomarkers of inflammation and hemostasis in postmenopausal women. SUBJECTS/METHODS As part of a controlled diet study, 53 postmenopausal women each consumed a weight-maintaining diet plus 0, 15 and 30 g/day of alcohol for 8 weeks, in a randomized crossover design. The controlled diet contained 15%, 53% and 32% of energy from protein, carbohydrate and fat, respectively. RESULTS Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 decreased by 5% (P<0.05) with consumption of both 15 and 30 g of alcohol. Fibrinogen concentrations decreased by 4% and 6% (P<0.05) after consumption of 15 and 30 g alcohol, respectively. Fibrin D-dimer decreased by 24% (P<0.05) after consumption of 30 g of alcohol. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) concentrations were increased 27 and 54% (P<0.05) after consumption of 15 and 30 g of alcohol. Plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and factor VII coagulant activity did not change with alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may have beneficial effects on inflammation and hemostasis in postmenopausal women, and this may be somewhat mitigated by an increase in PAI-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Stote
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - R P Tracy
- University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - P R Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D J Baer
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA
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Puzzling role of genetic risk factors in human longevity: "risk alleles" as pro-longevity variants. Biogerontology 2015; 17:109-27. [PMID: 26306600 PMCID: PMC4724477 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Complex diseases are major contributors to human mortality in old age. Paradoxically, many genetic variants that have been associated with increased risks of such diseases are found in genomes of long-lived people, and do not seem to compromise longevity. Here we argue that trade-off-like and conditional effects of genes can play central role in this phenomenon and in determining longevity. Such effects may occur as result of: (i) antagonistic influence of gene on the development of different health disorders; (ii) change in the effect of gene on vulnerability to death with age (especially, from “bad” to “good”); (iii) gene–gene interaction; and (iv) gene–environment interaction, among other factors. A review of current knowledge provides many examples of genetic factors that may increase the risk of one disease but reduce chances of developing another serious health condition, or improve survival from it. Factors that may increase risk of a major disease but attenuate manifestation of physical senescence are also discussed. Overall, available evidence suggests that the influence of a genetic variant on longevity may be negative, neutral or positive, depending on a delicate balance of the detrimental and beneficial effects of such variant on multiple health and aging related traits. This balance may change with age, internal and external environments, and depend on genetic surrounding. We conclude that trade-off-like and conditional genetic effects are very common and may result in situations when a disease “risk allele” can also be a pro-longevity variant, depending on context. We emphasize importance of considering such effects in both aging research and disease prevention.
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Golukhova EZ, Grigorian MV, Ryabinina MN, Bulaeva NI, Fortmann S, Serebruany VL. Independent Predictors of Major Adverse Events following Coronary Stenting over 28 Months of Follow-Up. Cardiology 2015; 132:176-81. [DOI: 10.1159/000435909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Despite recent advances in stent design and constantly improving protective pharmacological strategies, complications and adverse events following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are still major factors influencing morbidity and mortality. Therefore, predicting secondary vascular occlusions represents an unmet medical need. Objective: The aim of our study was to triage clinical and laboratory predictors of major adverse clinical events (MACE) following coronary stenting. Methods: This was a prospective, case-controlled, single-center study, which included 94 consecutive patients with documented coronary disease who underwent PCI with drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. All patients received dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. Numerous clinical characteristics and laboratory biomarkers were assessed before stenting and were correlated with poststenting MACE over the mean follow-up of 28 months. MACE included death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularisation, stroke, stent thrombosis, angina recurrence and instent restenosis. Results: Twenty-three patients experienced MACE. Independent MACE predictors after PCI with DES implantation were antecedent diabetes mellitus (RR = 0.45; 95% CI 0.20-0.97; p = 0.045), prior thrombolytic therapy (RR = 0.42; 95% CI 0.27-0.83; p = 0.039), baseline plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 (PAI-1; p = 0.008) and plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity (p = 0.007). Other clinical characteristics and laboratory indices showed no correlation with MACE. Conclusions: Background diabetes mellitus, prior thrombolytic therapy, PAI-1 and vWF prestenting activity may be useful for MACE prediction over 28 months of follow-up.
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Chapin JC, Hajjar KA. Fibrinolysis and the control of blood coagulation. Blood Rev 2015; 29:17-24. [PMID: 25294122 PMCID: PMC4314363 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin plays an essential role in hemostasis as both the primary product of the coagulation cascade and the ultimate substrate for fibrinolysis. Fibrinolysis efficiency is greatly influenced by clot structure, fibrinogen isoforms and polymorphisms, the rate of thrombin generation, the reactivity of thrombus-associated cells such as platelets, and the overall biochemical environment. Regulation of the fibrinolytic system, like that of the coagulation cascade, is accomplished by a wide array of cofactors, receptors, and inhibitors. Fibrinolytic activity can be generated either on the surface of a fibrin-containing thrombus, or on cells that express profibrinolytic receptors. In a widening spectrum of clinical disorders, acquired and congenital defects in fibrinolysis contribute to disease morbidity, and new assays of global fibrinolysis now have potential predictive value in multiple clinical settings. Here, we summarize the basic elements of the fibrinolytic system, points of interaction with the coagulation pathway, and some recent clinical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Chapin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 520 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Katherine A Hajjar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 520 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Eun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
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