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Spildrejorde M, Leithaug M, Samara A, Aass HCD, Sharma A, Acharya G, Nordeng H, Gervin K, Lyle R. Citalopram exposure of hESCs during neuronal differentiation identifies dysregulated genes involved in neurodevelopment and depression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1428538. [PMID: 39055655 PMCID: PMC11269147 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1428538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including citalopram, are widely used antidepressants during pregnancy. However, the effects of prenatal exposure to citalopram on neurodevelopment remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the impact of citalopram exposure on early neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells using a multi-omics approach. Citalopram induced time- and dose-dependent effects on gene expression and DNA methylation of genes involved in neurodevelopmental processes or linked to depression, such as BDNF, GDF11, CCL2, STC1, DDIT4 and GAD2. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed distinct clusters of stem cells, neuronal progenitors and neuroblasts, where exposure to citalopram subtly influenced progenitor subtypes. Pseudotemporal analysis showed enhanced neuronal differentiation. Our findings suggest that citalopram exposure during early neuronal differentiation influences gene expression patterns associated with neurodevelopment and depression, providing insights into its potential neurodevelopmental impact and highlighting the importance of further research to understand the long-term consequences of prenatal SSRI exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Spildrejorde
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnus Leithaug
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Athina Samara
- Division of Clinical Paediatrics, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children′s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biomaterials, FUTURE Center for Functional Tissue Reconstruction, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hans Christian D. Aass
- The Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for B-cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Center for Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hedvig Nordeng
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristina Gervin
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Lyle
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Carpanese V, Festa M, Prosdocimi E, Bachmann M, Sadeghi S, Bertelli S, Stein F, Velle A, Abdel-Salam MAL, Romualdi C, Pusch M, Checchetto V. Interactomic exploration of LRRC8A in volume-regulated anion channels. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:299. [PMID: 38909013 PMCID: PMC11193767 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are critical in enabling ion movement into and within cells and are important targets for pharmacological interventions in different human diseases. In addition to their ion transport abilities, ion channels interact with signalling and scaffolding proteins, which affects their function, cellular positioning, and links to intracellular signalling pathways. The study of "channelosomes" within cells has the potential to uncover their involvement in human diseases, although this field of research is still emerging. LRRC8A is the gene that encodes a crucial protein involved in the formation of volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs). Some studies suggest that LRRC8A could be a valuable prognostic tool in different types of cancer, serving as a biomarker for predicting patients' outcomes. LRRC8A expression levels might be linked to tumour progression, metastasis, and treatment response, although its implications in different cancer types can be varied. Here, publicly accessible databases of cancer patients were systematically analysed to determine if a correlation between VRAC channel expression and survival rate exists across distinct cancer types. Moreover, we re-evaluated the impact of LRRC8A on cellular proliferation and migration in colon cancer via HCT116 LRRC8A-KO cells, which is a current topic of debate in the literature. In addition, to investigate the role of LRRC8A in cellular signalling, we conducted biotin proximity-dependent identification (BioID) analysis, revealing a correlation between VRAC channels and cell-cell junctions, mechanisms that govern cellular calcium homeostasis, kinases, and GTPase signalling. Overall, this dataset improves our understanding of LRRC8A/VRAC and explores new research avenues while identifying promising therapeutic targets and promoting inventive methods for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margherita Festa
- DiBio, Unipd, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, CNR, Via De Marini, 6 16149, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Magdalena Bachmann
- DiBio, Unipd, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Daba Farber Cancer Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soha Sadeghi
- DiBio, Unipd, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Bertelli
- Institute of Biophysics, CNR, Via De Marini, 6, 16149, Genova, Italy
- Humboldt Universität Berlin, AG Zelluläre Biophysik, Dorotheenstr, 19-21 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- Proteomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelo Velle
- DiBio, Unipd, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Mostafa A L Abdel-Salam
- DiBio, Unipd, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chiara Romualdi
- DiBio, Unipd, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Padua Center for Network Medicine, University of Padua, Via F. Marzolo 8, 315126, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Pusch
- Institute of Biophysics, CNR, Via De Marini, 6, 16149, Genova, Italy
- RAISE Ecosystem, Genova, Italy
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Zhuang Z, Li K, Yang K, Gao G, Li Z, Zhu X, Zhao Y. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Candidate Genes Influencing Semen Traits in Landrace Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1839. [PMID: 38997951 PMCID: PMC11240458 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial insemination plays a crucial role in pig production, particularly in enhancing the genetic potential of elite boars. To accelerate genetic progress for semen traits in pigs, it is vital to understand and identify the underlying genetic markers associated with desirable traits. Herein, we genotyped 1238 Landrace boars with GeneSeek Porcine SNP50 K Bead chip and conducted genome-wide association studies to identify genetic regions and candidate genes associated with 12 semen traits. Our study identified 38 SNPs associated with the analyzed 12 semen traits. Furthermore, we identified several promising candidate genes, including HIBADH, DLG1, MED1, APAF1, MGST3, MTG2, and ZP4. These candidate genes have the potential function to facilitate the breeding of boars with improved semen traits. By further investigating and understanding the roles of these genes, we can develop more effective breeding strategies that contribute to the overall enhancement of pig production. The results of our study provide valuable insights for the pig-breeding industry and support ongoing research efforts to optimize genetic selection for superior semen traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kebiao Li
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
| | - Guangxiong Gao
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
| | - Zhili Li
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Yangxiang Co., Ltd., Guigang 537100, China
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Wang Y, Liu S, Wang Y, Li B, Liang J, Chen Y, Tang B, Yu S, Wang H. KDM5B promotes SMAD4 loss-driven drug resistance through activating DLG1/YAP to induce lipid accumulation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:252. [PMID: 38789418 PMCID: PMC11126577 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inactivated suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) 4 significantly affects cancer development in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the contribution of smad4 loss to drug resistance in PDAC is largely undetermined. In the present study, we reported that the loss of SMAD4 endows PDAC cells the ability to drug resistance through upregulating histone lysine demethylase, Lysine-Specific Demethylase 5B (KDM5B, also known as JARID1B or PLU1). Upregulated KDM5B was found in PDAC, associated with poor prognosis and recurrence of PDAC patients. Upregulated KDM5B promotes PDAC tumor malignancy, i.e. cancer cells stemness and drug resistance in vitro and in vivo, while KDM5B knockout exerts opposite effects. Mechanistically, loss of Smad4-mediated upregulation of KDM5B promotes drug resistance through inhibiting the discs-large homolog 1 (DLG1), thereby facilitating nuclear translocation of YAP to induce de novo lipogenesis. Moreover, m6A demethylase FTO is involved in the upregulation of KDM5B by maintaining KDM5B mRNA stability. Collectively, the present study suggested FTO-mediated KDM5B stabilization in the context of loss of Smad4 activate DLG1/YAP1 pathway to promote tumorigenesis by reprogramming lipid accumulation in PDAC. Our study confirmed that the KDM5B-DLG1-YAP1 pathway axis plays a crucial role in the genesis and progression of PDAC, and KDM5B was expected to become a target for the treatment of PDAC. The schematic diagram of KDM5B-DLG1-YAP pathway axis in regulating drug resistance of PDAC to gemcitabine (GEM). In the context of SMAD4 loss PDAC cells, FTO-mediated stabilization and upregulation of KDM5B promotes drug resistance through directly targeting DLG1 to promote YAP1 translocation to nucleus to induce de novo lipogenesis (DNL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China
- Pharmaceutical College Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Shiqian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Baibei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China.
| | - Shuiping Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China.
- Pharmaceutical College Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, P. R. China.
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Wen D, Chen J, Lin P, Pang J, Pang Y, Chen G, He Y, Yang H. Investigation of Circular RNA Expression Profiles in Ultrasound-guided Incomplete Radiofrequency Ablation Transplanted Tumor Models of Human Liver Cancer. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01075-z. [PMID: 38281266 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01075-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormally expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with many diseases and have important biological effects on the regulation of gene expression. However, the circRNA expression profile in incomplete radiofrequency ablation (RFA)-treated liver cancer (LC) patients has not been characterized. This study investigated the potential biological effects of differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs in an incomplete RFA-treated transplantation tumor model of human LC. MATERIAL/METHODS A circRNA microarray was utilized to analyze changes in the circRNA expression profiles. CircRNA host gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were also conducted using computational biology. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was also performed on the selected DE-circRNAs to verify the reliability of the microarray. The circRNA/miRNA interactions were predicted by Arraystar software and confirmed by a dual-luciferase assay. RESULTS Following RFA incomplete ablation, 76 DE-circRNAs were detected (|fold change |>1.5, P-value < 0.05), 21 of which were upregulated and 55 of which were downregulated. Computational biological analysis revealed that the T-cell receptor signaling pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway of the genes related to altered expression, as indicated by enrichment of LCK, AKT3 and DLG1. PCR results for the upregulated hsa_circRNA_103595 and downregulated hsa_circRNA_001264 indicated that the circRNA microarray sequencing results were reliable. Double luciferase reporter assays confirmed that hsa-miR-185-3p was the target miRNA of hsa_circRNA_103595. CONCLUSIONS The current study confirmed the changes in the expression profiles of circRNAs in tumor transplantation models after incomplete ablation, these changes may play a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of residual cancer transplantation tumors. These findings could lead to new directions for investigating the molecular biological mechanisms underlying RFA-treated LC as well as new ideas for treating LC by regulating circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Wen
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jinshu Pang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Pang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China.
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Joseph J, Mathew J, Alexander J. Scaffold Proteins in Autoimmune Disorders. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:14-26. [PMID: 37670692 DOI: 10.2174/1573397119666230904151024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells transmit information to the external environment and within themselves through signaling molecules that modulate cellular activities. Aberrant cell signaling disturbs cellular homeostasis causing a number of different diseases, including autoimmunity. Scaffold proteins, as the name suggests, serve as the anchor for binding and stabilizing signaling proteins at a particular locale, allowing both intra and intercellular signal amplification and effective signal transmission. Scaffold proteins play a critical role in the functioning of tight junctions present at the intersection of two cells. In addition, they also participate in cleavage formation during cytokinesis, and in the organization of neural synapses, and modulate receptor management outcomes. In autoimmune settings such as lupus, scaffold proteins can lower the cell activation threshold resulting in uncontrolled signaling and hyperactivity. Scaffold proteins, through their binding domains, mediate protein- protein interaction and play numerous roles in cellular communication and homeostasis. This review presents an overview of scaffold proteins, their influence on the different signaling pathways, and their role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and auto inflammatory diseases. Since these proteins participate in many roles and interact with several other signaling pathways, it is necessary to gain a thorough understanding of these proteins and their nuances to facilitate effective target identification and therapeutic design for the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josna Joseph
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, CMC Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - John Mathew
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, CMC Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jessy Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo, New York, USA
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Dunn PJ, Lea RA, Maksemous N, Smith RA, Sutherland HG, Haupt LM, Griffiths LR. Exonic mutations in cell-cell adhesion may contribute to CADASIL-related CSVD pathology. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1361-1373. [PMID: 37422595 PMCID: PMC10449969 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a condition caused by mutations in NOTCH3 and results in a phenotype characterised by recurrent strokes, vascular dementia and migraines. Whilst a genetic basis for the disease is known, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the pathology of CADASIL are still yet to be determined. Studies conducted at the Genomics Research Centre (GRC) have also identified that only 15-23% of individuals clinically suspected of CADASIL have mutations in NOTCH3. Based on this, whole exome sequencing was used to identify novel genetic variants for CADASIL-like cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD). Analysis of functionally important variants in 50 individuals was investigated using overrepresentation tests in Gene ontology software to identify biological processes that are potentially affected in this group of patients. Further investigation of the genes in these processes was completed using the TRAPD software to identify if there is an increased number (burden) of mutations that are associated with CADASIL-like pathology. Results from this study identified that cell-cell adhesion genes were positively overrepresented in the PANTHER GO-slim database. TRAPD burden testing identified n = 15 genes that had a higher number of rare (MAF < 0.001) and predicted functionally relevant (SIFT < 0.05, PolyPhen > 0.8) mutations compared to the gnomAD v2.1.1 exome control dataset. Furthermore, these results identified ARVCF, GPR17, PTPRS, and CELSR1 as novel candidate genes in CADASIL-related pathology. This study identified a novel process that may be playing a role in the vascular damage related to CADASIL-related CSVD and implicated n = 15 genes in playing a role in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Dunn
- Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, 15 University Drive, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD, 4226, Australia
| | - Rodney A Lea
- Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Neven Maksemous
- Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Robert A Smith
- Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Heidi G Sutherland
- Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Larisa M Haupt
- Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre for the Materials Sciences of Extracellular Matrices, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lyn R Griffiths
- Genomics Research Centre, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia.
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Ryczek N, Łyś A, Makałowska I. The Functional Meaning of 5'UTR in Protein-Coding Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032976. [PMID: 36769304 PMCID: PMC9917990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As it is well known, messenger RNA has many regulatory regions along its sequence length. One of them is the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), which itself contains many regulatory elements such as upstream ORFs (uORFs), internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs), microRNA binding sites, and structural components involved in the regulation of mRNA stability, pre-mRNA splicing, and translation initiation. Activation of the alternative, more upstream transcription start site leads to an extension of 5'UTR. One of the consequences of 5'UTRs extension may be head-to-head gene overlap. This review describes elements in 5'UTR of protein-coding transcripts and the functional significance of protein-coding genes 5' overlap with implications for transcription, translation, and disease.
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9
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Schreiber R, Talbi K, Ousingsawat J, Kunzelmann K. A TMEM16J variant leads to dysregulated cytosolic calcium which may lead to renal disease. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22683. [PMID: 36520003 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200968r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGIRR (single immunoglobulin IL-1 related receptor), PKP3 (plakophilin 3), and TMEM16J (anoctamin 9), a putative calcium-activated ion channel and phospholipid scramblase, control the immune response and the extent of inflammation. Variants of SIGIRR/PKP3/TMEM16J lead to severe inflammatory diseases such as pneumonia, enterocolitis, and kidney graft rejection. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identified TMEM16J-T604A as a promotor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the disease mechanism and function of TMEM16J remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate TMEM16J as a calcium-activated calcium-permeable channel, which is expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). TMEM16J controls the intracellular distribution of calcium, and inhibits intracellular receptor-mediated Ca2+ signals and Ca2+ -dependent activation of ion channels, but augments transcription and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Renal epithelial cells expressing the variant TMEM16J-T604A show enhanced calcium signals when compared to cells expressing wt-TMEM16J, and demonstrate spontaneous transcription and release of cytokines. This study identifies TMEM16J as an important regulator of intracellular Ca2+ signals, ion channel activity, and cytokine release. TMEM16J may therefore affect immune response in renal tissue and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Schreiber
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Khaoula Talbi
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Karl Kunzelmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Niazi Y, Paramasivam N, Blocka J, Kumar A, Huhn S, Schlesner M, Weinhold N, Sijmons R, De Jong M, Durie B, Goldschmidt H, Hemminki K, Försti A. Investigation of Rare Non-Coding Variants in Familial Multiple Myeloma. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010096. [PMID: 36611892 PMCID: PMC9818386 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy whereby a single clone of plasma cells over-propagates in the bone marrow, resulting in the increased production of monoclonal immunoglobulin. While the complex genetic architecture of MM is well characterized, much less is known about germline variants predisposing to MM. Genome-wide sequencing approaches in MM families have started to identify rare high-penetrance coding risk alleles. In addition, genome-wide association studies have discovered several common low-penetrance risk alleles, which are mainly located in the non-coding genome. Here, we further explored the genetic basis in familial MM within the non-coding genome in whole-genome sequencing data. We prioritized and characterized 150 upstream, 5' untranslated region (UTR) and 3' UTR variants from 14 MM families, including 20 top-scoring variants. These variants confirmed previously implicated biological pathways in MM development. Most importantly, protein network and pathway enrichment analyses also identified 10 genes involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, which have previously been established as important MM pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Niazi
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (K.H.)
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Precision Oncology Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joanna Blocka
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Stefanie Huhn
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels Weinhold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Sijmons
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam De Jong
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brian Durie
- Cedars Sinai Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Computational Oncology, Molecular Precision Oncology Program, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (K.H.)
| | - Asta Försti
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Neville MC, Webb PG, Baumgartner HK, Bitler BG. Claudin-4 localization in epithelial ovarian cancer. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10862. [PMID: 36237976 PMCID: PMC9552118 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudin-4, a protein with the structure of classic claudins most often found in cell-cell junctions, is frequently overexpressed in epithelial cancers where its localization has not been studied. In this study we aimed to find out where this membrane protein is localized in an ovarian tumor model, OVCAR3 cells, that express high levels of the protein. Immunohistochemical studies showed claudin-4 staining in a perinuclear region, at most plasma membranes and in cytoplasmic puncta. Native claudin-4 did not overlap with phosphorylated claudin-4, which was partially located in focal adhesions. Using claudin-4 BioID technology we confirmed that large amounts of claudin-4 are localized to the Golgi compartment, including in dispersed Golgi in cells where claudin-4 is partially knocked down and in dividing cells. Claudin-4 appears to be present in the vicinity of several types of cell-cell junctions, but there is no evidence that it forms tight junctions in these tumor cells. Both claudin-4, the Golgi marker GM130, and the plasma membrane receptor Notch2 were found in dispersed Golgi in dividing cells. This definition of the cellular architecture of claudin-4 should provide a framework for better understanding of the function of claudin-4 in tumor cells and its molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C. Neville
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80845, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Patricia G. Webb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80845, USA
| | - Heidi K. Baumgartner
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 2700 E. 19th Ave., Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin G. Bitler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop 8613, 12700 E. 19 Ave., Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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12
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Dizanzo MP, Bugnon Valdano M, Basukala O, Banks L, Gardiol D. Novel effect of the high risk-HPV E7 CKII phospho-acceptor site on polarity protein expression. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1015. [PMID: 36153517 PMCID: PMC9509620 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oncogenic Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) base their transforming potential on the action of both E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins, which perform cooperative or antagonistic actions and thus interfere with a variety of relevant cellular targets. Among them, the expression of some PDZ-containing polarity proteins, as DLG1 and hScrib, is altered during the HPV life cycle and the consequent malignant transformation. Together with the well-established interference of E6 with PDZ proteins, we have recently shown that E7 viral oncoprotein is also responsible for the changes in abundance and localization of DLG1 observed in HPV-associated lesions. Given that the mechanisms involved remained only partially understood, we here thoroughly analyse the contribution of a crucial E7 post-translational modification: its CKII-dependent phosphorylation. Moreover, we extended our studies to hScrib, in order to investigate possible conserved regulatory events among diverse PDZ targets of HPV. Methods We have acutely analysed the expression of DLG1 and hScrib in restrictive conditions for E7 phosphorylation by CKII in epithelial culture cells by western blot and confocal fluorescence microscopy. We made use of genome-edited HPV-positive cells, specific inhibitors of CKII activity and transient expression of the viral oncoproteins, including a mutant version of E7. Results We here demonstrate that the functional phosphorylation of E7 oncoprotein by the CKII cellular kinase, a key regulatory event for its activities, is also crucial to counteract the E6-mediated degradation of the PDZ-polarity protein DLG1 and to promote its subcellular redistribution. Moreover, we show that the CKII-dependent phosphorylation of E7 is able to control the expression of another PDZ target of HPV: hScrib. Remarkably, we found this is a shared feature among different oncogenic HPV types, suggesting a common path towards viral pathogenesis. Conclusions The present study sheds light into the mechanisms behind the misexpression of PDZ-polarity proteins during HPV infections. Our findings stress the relevance of the CKII-mediated regulation of E7 activities, providing novel insights into the joint action of HPV oncoproteins and further indicating a conserved and most likely crucial mechanism during the viral life cycle and the associated transformation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10105-5.
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13
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A.V.S SK, Sinha S, Donakonda S. Virus-host interaction network analysis in Colorectal cancer identifies core virus network signature and small molecules. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:4025-4039. [PMID: 35983230 PMCID: PMC9356043 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systematic analysis of virus-host networks identified key pathways in CRC. Core virus-CRC network revealed the growth pathway regulated by viruses. Short linear motif analysis identified druggable regions in virus proteins. Virtual screening revealed key anti-viral molecules against viral proteins. Molecular dynamics simulations showed the effect of anti-viral molecules.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant contributor to cancer-related deaths caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. Multiple studies reveal that viruses are involved in colorectal tumorigenesis. The viruses such as Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Human papillomaviruses (HPV16 & HPV18), and John Cunningham virus (JCV) are known to cause colorectal cancer. The molecular mechanisms of cancer genesis and maintenance shared by these viruses remain unclear. We analysed the virus-host networks and connected them with colorectal cancer proteome datasets and extracted the core shared interactions in the virus-host CRC network. Our network topology analysis identified prominent virus proteins RL6 (HCMV), VE6 (HPV16 and HPV18), and Large T antigen (JCV). Sequence analysis uncovered short linear motifs (SLiMs) in each viral target. We used these targets to identify the antiviral drugs through a structure-based virtual screening approach. This analysis highlighted that temsavir, pimodivir, famotine, and bictegravir bind to each virus protein target, respectively. We also assessed the effect of drug binding using molecular dynamic simulations, which shed light on the modulatory effect of drug molecules on SLiM regions in viral targets. Hence, our systematic screening of virus-host networks revealed viral targets, which could be crucial for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krishna A.V.S
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Swati Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Allied Health Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sainitin Donakonda
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Corresponding author.
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14
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Deletion of p38γ attenuates ethanol consumption- and acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice through promoting Dlg1. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1733-1748. [PMID: 34789918 PMCID: PMC9253030 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the major causes of drug-induced acute liver injury, and ethanol may aggravate APAP-induced liver injury. The problem of ethanol- and APAP-induced liver injury becomes increasingly prominent, but the mechanism of ethanol- and APAP-induced liver injury remains ambiguous. p38γ is one of the four isoforms of P38 mitogen activated protein kinases, that contributes to inflammation in different diseases. In this study we investigated the role of p38γ in ethanol- and APAP-induced liver injury. Liver injury was induced in male C57BL/6 J mice by giving liquid diet containing 5% ethanol (v/v) for 10 days, followed by gavage of ethanol (25% (v/v), 6 g/kg) once or injecting APAP (200 mg/kg, ip), or combined the both treatments. We showed that ethanol significantly aggravated APAP-induced liver injury in C57BL/6 J mice. Moreover, the expression level of p38γ was up-regulated in the liver of ethanol-, APAP- and ethanol+APAP-treated mice. Knockdown of p38γ markedly attenuated liver injury, inflammation, and steatosis in ethanol+APAP-treated mice. Liver sections of p38γ-knockdown mice displayed lower levels of Oil Red O stained dots and small leaky shapes. AML-12 cells were exposed to APAP (5 mM), ethanol (100 mM) or combined treatments. We showed that P38γ was markedly increased in ethanol+APAP-treated AML-12 cells, whereas knockdown of p38γ significantly inhibited inflammation, lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in ethanol+APAP-treated AML-12 cells. Furthermore, we revealed that p38γ could combine with Dlg1, a member of membrane-associated guanylate kinase family. Deletion of p38γ up-regulated the expression level of Dlg1 in ethanol+APAP-treated AML-12 cells. In summary, our results suggest that p38γ functions as an important regulator in ethanol- and APAP-induced liver injury through modulation of Dlg1.
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15
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Black JD, Affandi T, Black AR, Reyland ME. PKCα and PKCδ: Friends and Rivals. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102194. [PMID: 35760100 PMCID: PMC9352922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PKC comprises a large family of serine/threonine kinases that share a requirement for allosteric activation by lipids. While PKC isoforms have significant homology, functional divergence is evident among subfamilies and between individual PKC isoforms within a subfamily. Here, we highlight these differences by comparing the regulation and function of representative PKC isoforms from the conventional (PKCα) and novel (PKCδ) subfamilies. We discuss how unique structural features of PKCα and PKCδ underlie differences in activation and highlight the similar, divergent, and even opposing biological functions of these kinases. We also consider how PKCα and PKCδ can contribute to pathophysiological conditions and discuss challenges to targeting these kinases therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
| | - Trisiani Affandi
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Adrian R Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Mary E Reyland
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.
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Human DLG1 and SCRIB Are Distinctly Regulated Independently of HPV-16 during the Progression of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Preliminary Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174461. [PMID: 34503271 PMCID: PMC8430552 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The process of HPV-mediated oncogenesis in HNSCCs is not fully understood. DLG1 and SCRIB protein expression levels and localization changes were evaluated in a number of HPV16-positive and HPV-negative OPSCCs and seem to be associated with malignant transformation. Moreover, loss of SCRIB expression inversely correlates with higher grade tumors, and this is much more evident in the presence of HPV16 E6. This could serve as a potential marker in predicting development of OPSCCs. Abstract The major causative agents of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are either environmental factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, or infection with oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs). An important aspect of HPV-induced oncogenesis is the targeting by the E6 oncoprotein of PDZ domain-containing substrates for proteasomal destruction. Tumor suppressors DLG1 and SCRIB are two of the principal PDZ domain-containing E6 targets. Both have been shown to play critical roles in the regulation of cell growth and polarity and in maintaining the structural integrity of the epithelia. We investigated how modifications in the cellular localization and protein expression of DLG1 and SCRIB in HPV16-positive and HPV-negative histologic oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) might reflect disease progression. HPV presence was determined by p16 staining and HPV genotyping. Whilst DLG1 expression levels did not differ markedly between HPV-negative and HPV16-positive OPSCCs, it appeared to be relocated from cell–cell contacts to the cytoplasm in most samples, regardless of HPV16 positivity. This indicates that alterations in DLG1 distribution could contribute to malignant progression in OPSCCs. Interestingly, SCRIB was also relocated from cell–cell contacts to the cytoplasm in the tumor samples in comparison with normal tissue, regardless of HPV16 status, but in addition there was an obvious reduction in SCRIB expression in higher grade tumors. Strikingly, loss of SCRIB was even more pronounced in HPV16-positive OPSCCs. These alterations in SCRIB levels may contribute to transformation and loss of tissue architecture in the process of carcinogenesis and could potentially serve as markers in the development of OPSCCs.
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Black AR, Black JD. The complexities of PKCα signaling in cancer. Adv Biol Regul 2021; 80:100769. [PMID: 33307285 PMCID: PMC8141086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2020.100769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase C α (PKCα) is a ubiquitously expressed member of the PKC family of serine/threonine kinases with diverse functions in normal and neoplastic cells. Early studies identified anti-proliferative and differentiation-inducing functions for PKCα in some normal tissues (e.g., regenerating epithelia) and pro-proliferative effects in others (e.g., cells of the hematopoietic system, smooth muscle cells). Additional well documented roles of PKCα signaling in normal cells include regulation of the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and cell migration, and PKCα can function as a survival factor in many contexts. While a majority of tumors lose expression of PKCα, others display aberrant overexpression of the enzyme. Cancer-related mutations in PKCα are uncommon, but rare examples of driver mutations have been detected in certain cancer types (e. g., choroid gliomas). Here we review the role of PKCα in various cancers, describe mechanisms by which PKCα affects cancer-related cell functions, and discuss how the diverse functions of PKCα contribute to tumor suppressive and tumor promoting activities of the enzyme. We end the discussion by addressing mutations and expression of PKCα in tumors and the clinical relevance of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian R Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jennifer D Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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18
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Patel KD, Vora HH, Patel PS. Transcriptional Biomarkers in Oral Cancer: An Integrative Analysis and the Cancer Genome Atlas Validation. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:371-380. [PMID: 33639650 PMCID: PMC8190349 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.2.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An impervious mortality rate in oral cancer (OC) to a certain extent explains the exigencies of precise biomarkers. Therefore, the study was intended to identify OC candidate biomarkers using samples of healthy normal tissues (N=335), adjacent normal tissues (N=93) and OC tissues (N=533) from online microarray data. METHODS Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognised through GeneSpring software (Fold change >4.0 and 'p' value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prabhudas S Patel
- The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad-380 016, Gujarat, India.
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19
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Dizanzo MP, Marziali F, Brunet Avalos C, Bugnon Valdano M, Leiva S, Cavatorta AL, Gardiol D. HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins cooperatively alter the expression of Disc Large 1 polarity protein in epithelial cells. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:293. [PMID: 32264889 PMCID: PMC7137215 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent infection with high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPVs) is associated with the development of cervical cancer. The transforming capacity of these viruses relies on the cooperative action of the E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins. Among the oncogenic activities of E6, the interaction and interference with cell polarity PDZ proteins have been well established. One of the most characterized PDZ targets of HPV E6 is human Disc large 1 (DLG1), a scaffolding protein involved in the control of cell polarity and proliferation. Interestingly, in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions, alterations in DLG1 expression were observed in association to tumour progression. Moreover, the expression of both HPV E6 and E7 proteins may be responsible for the changes in DLG1 abundance and cell localization observed in the HPV-associated lesions. Methods Due to the relevance of DLG1 deregulation in tumour development, we have performed an in-depth investigation of the expression of DLG1 in the presence of the HPV oncoproteins in epithelial cultured cells. The effects of HPV E6 and E7 proteins on DLG1 abundance and subcellular localization were assessed by western blot and confocal fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Results We demonstrated that the relative abundance of HPV-18 E6 and DLG1 is a key factor that contributes to defining the expression abundance of both proteins. We also show here that a high expression level of DLG1 may negatively affect HPV-18 E6 nuclear expression. Moreover, the co-expression of HPV-18 E6 and E7 produces a striking effect on DLG1 subcellular localization and a co-distribution in the cytoplasmic region. Interestingly, HPV-18 E7 is also able to increase DLG1 levels, likely by rescuing it from the E6-mediated proteasomal degradation. Conclusions In general, the data suggest that HPV-18 E6 and E7 may have opposing activities in regards to the regulation of DLG1 levels and may cooperatively contribute to its subcellular redistribution in the HPV context. These findings constitute a step forward in understanding the differential expression of DLG1 during tumour progression in an HPV-associated model.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Paula Dizanzo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Federico Marziali
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Clarisse Brunet Avalos
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Marina Bugnon Valdano
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Santiago Leiva
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ana Laura Cavatorta
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Daniela Gardiol
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
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Hernández-Montiel W, Martínez-Núñez MA, Ramón-Ugalde JP, Román-Ponce SI, Calderón-Chagoya R, Zamora-Bustillos R. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Candidate Genes for Litter Size Traits in Pelibuey Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030434. [PMID: 32143402 PMCID: PMC7143297 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pelibuey sheep has adaptability to climatic variations, resistance to parasites, and good maternal ability, whereas some ewes present multiple births, which increases the litter size in farm sheep. The litter size in some wool sheep breeds is associated with the presence of mutations, mainly in the family of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) genes. To explore genetic mechanisms underlying the variation in litter size, we conducted a genome-wide association study in two groups of Pelibuey sheep (multiparous sheep with two lambs per birth vs. uniparous sheep with a single lamb at birth) using the OvineSNP50 BeadChip. We identified a total of 57 putative SNPs markers (p < 3.0 × 10-3, Bonferroni correction). The candidate genes that may be associated with litter size in Pelibuey sheep are CLSTN2, MTMR2, DLG1, CGA, ABCG5, TRPM6, and HTR1E. Genomic regions were also identified that contain three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for aseasonal reproduction (ASREP), milk yield (MY), and body weight (BW). These results allowed us to identify SNPs associated with genes that could be involved in the reproductive process related to prolificacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilber Hernández-Montiel
- TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Av. Tecnológico S/N, Conkal, Yucatán 97345, Mexico; (W.H.-M.); (J.P.R.-U.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad del Papaloapan, Loma Bonita Oaxaca 68400, Mexico
| | - Mario Alberto Martínez-Núñez
- UMDI-Sisal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sierra Papacal-Chuburna Km 5, Mérida, Yucatán 97302, Mexico;
| | - Julio Porfirio Ramón-Ugalde
- TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Av. Tecnológico S/N, Conkal, Yucatán 97345, Mexico; (W.H.-M.); (J.P.R.-U.)
| | - Sergio Iván Román-Ponce
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, INIFAP, Ajuchitlán Colón, Querétaro 76280, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (S.I.R.-P.); (R.Z.-B.); Tel.: +52-5538718700 (ext. 80208) (S.I.R.-P.); +52-999-341-0860 (ext. 7631) (R.Z.-B.)
| | - Rene Calderón-Chagoya
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, INIFAP, Ajuchitlán Colón, Querétaro 76280, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Zamora-Bustillos
- TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Av. Tecnológico S/N, Conkal, Yucatán 97345, Mexico; (W.H.-M.); (J.P.R.-U.)
- Correspondence: (S.I.R.-P.); (R.Z.-B.); Tel.: +52-5538718700 (ext. 80208) (S.I.R.-P.); +52-999-341-0860 (ext. 7631) (R.Z.-B.)
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21
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Liang CY, Li ZY, Gan TQ, Fang YY, Gan BL, Chen WJ, Dang YW, Shi K, Feng ZB, Chen G. Downregulation of hsa-microRNA-204-5p and identification of its potential regulatory network in non-small cell lung cancer: RT-qPCR, bioinformatic- and meta-analyses. Respir Res 2020; 21:60. [PMID: 32102656 PMCID: PMC7045575 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-1274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary malignant neoplasms have a high worldwide morbidity and mortality, so the study of these malignancies using microRNAs (miRNAs) has attracted great interest and enthusiasm. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical effect of hsa-microRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) and its underlying molecular mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Expression of miR-204-5p was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). After data mining from public online repositories, several integrative assessment methods, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and comprehensive meta-analyses, were conducted to explore the expression and clinical utility of miR-204-5p. The potential objects regulated and controlled by miR-204-5p in the course of NSCLC were identified by estimated target prediction and analysis. The regulatory network of miR-204-5p, with its target genes and transcription factors (TFs), was structured from database evidence and literature references. Results The expression of miR-204-5p was downregulated in NSCLC, and the downtrend was related to gender, histological type, vascular invasion, tumor size, clinicopathologic grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). MiR-204-5p was useful in prognosis, but was deemed unsuitable at present as an auxiliary diagnostic or prognostic risk factor for NSCLC due to the lack of statistical significance in meta-analyses and absence of large-scale investigations. Gene enrichment and annotation analyses identified miR-204-5p candidate targets that took part in various genetic activities and biological functions. The predicted TFs, like MAX, MYC, and RUNX1, interfered in regulatory networks involving miR-204-5p and its predicted hub genes, though a modulatory loop or axis of the miRNA-TF-gene that was out of range with shortage in database prediction, experimental proof and literature confirmation. Conclusions The frequently observed decrease in miR-204-5p was helpful for NSCLC diagnosis. The estimated target genes and TFs contributed to the anti-oncogene effects of miR-204-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yu Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zu-Yun Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Qing Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Ying Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Liang Gan
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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Li H, Chen Q, Shan C, Guo C, Yang X, Chen Y, Zhu J, Ouyang Q. Characterizing the Binding Sites for GK Domain of DLG1 and DLG4 via Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:1. [PMID: 32039235 PMCID: PMC6989407 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Discs-large (DLG) is a member that belongs to the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family. The GK domain of DLGs has evolved into a protein–protein interaction module that could bind with kinds of proteins to regulate diverse cellular functions. Previous reports have demonstrated the GK domain of DLGs functioned as a phosphor-peptide-binding module by resolving the crystal structures. Here we investigated into the interactions of DLG1 and DLG4 with their reported phosphor-peptides by molecular dynamics simulations. Post-dynamics analysis showed that DLG1/4 formed extensive interactions with phosphorylated ligands, including hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Among them, the highly conserved residues among the DLGs in phosphor-site and β5 sheet were crucial for the binding according to the energy decomposition calculations. Additionally, the binding interactions between DLG4 and reported unphosphorylated peptides including MAP1A and designed GK inhibitory (GKI-QSF) peptides were analyzed. We found the key residues that played important roles in DLG4/unphosphorylated peptide systems were very similar as in DLG4/phosphor-peptide systems. Moreover, the molecular dynamic simulation for the complex of DLG1 and GKI-QSF was carried out and predicted that the GKI-QSF could bind with DLG1 with similar Kd value compared to DLG4/GKI-QSF, which was verified by using ITC assay (Kd = 1.20 ± 0.29 μM). Our study might be helpful for the better understanding of the structural and biological function of DLGs GK domain and encourage the discovery of new binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changyu Shan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunling Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiuming Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingchun Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinwei Zhu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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