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Karchynskaya V, Kopcakova J, Madarasova Geckova A, Katrusin B, Reijneveld SA, de Winter AF. Barriers and enablers for sufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: The perspective of adolescents. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296736. [PMID: 38363731 PMCID: PMC10871508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions to improve physical activity (PA) among adolescents continue to be a public health priority. To promote PA more effectively, we need to identify the main factors contributing to (not) engagement in PA in the perspective of adolescents themselves. Thus, we explored the barriers and enablers for sufficient moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in adolescents from their point of view. METHODS We used qualitative data collected as part of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study. We obtained data from 14-17 years old adolescents from the first year of Slovak high school. We conducted 11 online, semi-structured individual and group interviews with 24 participants in total (7 boys; mean age = 15.17, SD = 0.87) in Slovakia. We analysed the data using consensual qualitative research and thematic analysis. RESULTS In the statements of adolescents, four main themes were identified regarding factors contributing to (not) engagement in PA among adolescents. 'Myself as a source' represents the importance of adolescents' own efforts, knowledge, physical predispositions and PA experience. 'How PA can be done' represents school as an opportunity for PA, and PA teachers and sports coaches as specialists who can create an enabling environment for sports. 'Others as a source' represents the social circle that can set a positive sports example and can encourage adolescent's efforts in PA. 'Factors outside' represents other factors that can inspire adolescents, e.g. by giving them a comfortable space and time to exercise, or can be a barrier to PA. CONCLUSION The potential factors that include adolescents' perspectives can be more leveraged in designing supportive, inclusive, enjoyable, and skills-appropriate PA programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoryia Karchynskaya
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
- Department of Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaroslava Kopcakova
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
- Department of Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Madarasova Geckova
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
- Department of Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Katrusin
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- Department of Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea F. de Winter
- Department of Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Moore R, Vernon T, Gregory M, Freeman EL. Facilitators and barriers to physical activity among English adolescents in secondary schools: a mixed method study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1235086. [PMID: 37655286 PMCID: PMC10466797 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1235086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is evident that physical activity (PA) programmes implemented in schools were not effective in improving PA behaviours among adolescents. This study investigated students' perceptions of barriers to PA among inactive English adolescents in secondary schools based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) model, the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW), and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). The study compared barriers faced by inactive and active groups participating in sports and PA in secondary schools to identify sources of behaviour contributing to inactivity. Methods A pre-intervention online survey was distributed to affiliated schools by 233 Teaching Schools Alliances (TSAs) as part of the monitoring and evaluation of the Secondary Teacher Training study. Data were cross-tabulated to analyse activity levels and behavioural barriers for active and inactive groups, using the COM-B domains. The research team followed a seven-step process to categorise barriers based on their relevant domain in the TDF mapped to the COM-B. Results The findings were derived from one of the most extensive surveys of adolescents ever undertaken involving 200,623 active and 8,231 inactive respondents. The study identified 52 barriers and 68 behaviours that prevent adolescents from participating in PA. Psychological and social barriers were found to affect all activity levels, genders, and ethnic groups, with a lack of confidence and self-consciousness being the most prevalent. Certain demographic groups, such as those from minority ethnic groups and disabled individuals, were found to be overrepresented among inactive populations. The finding of the study indicated that there were common barriers that affected both inactive and active groups, with further similarity when examining barriers between active and inactive girls. The study also found that girls were more likely to experience the main barriers compared to boys, while inactive boys were more likely to encounter these barriers compared to active boys. The findings suggest that common barriers could be addressed across the population, while recognising some differences in demographics, and the need to provide personalised support. Targeted interventions are also suggested for all girls and inactive boys. Conclusion This study highlights the range of barriers that impact adolescents and provides insight into potential mechanisms for behaviour change, including intervention functions, policy categories, and evidence-based behaviour change tools. The study highlights the need for further research to address the barriers to PA among adolescents, particularly those who are inactive. Utilising the findings of this study, future research should investigate the effectiveness of novel digital exercise interventions and policies in increasing PA levels among children and adolescents. Complex digital exercise interventions, including conversational AI solutions, could provide personalised tools to identify and revolutionise support around the multitude of barriers that impact adolescents globally."For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission."
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Moore
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Vernon
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Maxine Gregory
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Louise Freeman
- Department of Psychology, Sociology and Politics, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Adebusoye B, Leonardi‐Bee J, Phalkey R, Chattopadhyay K. Barriers and facilitators of physical activity among school attending adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria: A qualitative study exploring views and experiences of decision-makers in secondary schools. Health Sci Rep 2022; 6:e997. [PMID: 36544616 PMCID: PMC9764406 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Schools represent a unique setting for promoting lifelong physical activity during critical development stages of life. Opportunities for in-school physical activity largely depend upon school-level policies, practices, and administrative support. A significant information gap exists on the factors influencing adolescents' participation in school-based physical activity programs in Nigeria. This study aimed to identify and explore the barriers and facilitators of physical activity in school-attending adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods A qualitative study, using semistructured interviews, was conducted to explore the views and experiences of 21 decision-makers who were responsible for planning the physical and health education curriculum in secondary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis framework. Results Eight themes were identified and explored. The barriers were (i) students' characteristics, (ii) parental objections, (iii) no prioritization of physical activity, (iv) insufficient resources, and (v) challenges with schools' initiatives. The facilitators were (vi) students' interests, (vii) students' awareness of benefits, and (viii) schools' initiatives. Conclusion Our study findings can help in designing interventions to increase physical activity among school-attending adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busola Adebusoye
- Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, City Hospital CampusUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Jo Leonardi‐Bee
- Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, City Hospital CampusUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK,The Nottingham Centre for Evidence‐Based HealthcareUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Revati Phalkey
- Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, City Hospital CampusUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK,Centre for Climate Change and Health SecurityUK Health Security AgencyLondonUK
| | - Kaushik Chattopadhyay
- Nottingham Centre for Public Health and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, City Hospital CampusUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK,The Nottingham Centre for Evidence‐Based HealthcareUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Peralta LR, Cinelli RL, Cotton W, Morris S, Galy O, Caillaud C. The Barriers to and Facilitators of Physical Activity and Sport for Oceania with Non-European, Non-Asian (ONENA) Ancestry Children and Adolescents: A Mixed Studies Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11554. [PMID: 36141832 PMCID: PMC9517198 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in sport and physical activity (PA) leads to better overall health, increased life expectancy, and decreased mortality rates across the lifespan; however, there may be a range of individual, family, and community factors that influence PA participation among ONENA children and adolescents residing in the 22 Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICT) and Australia. This review aimed to synthesise existing quantitative and qualitative literature regarding barriers to and facilitators of PA and sport among ONENA youth. METHODS The literature was systematically searched to include studies reporting barriers to and facilitators of PA and sports participation among ONENA children and adolescents aged 0-18 years residing in the 22 PICT and Australia. Using a pre-established taxonomy based on the social-ecological model, a deductive analysis was performed. Quality appraisal was performed using the mixed methods appraisal tool. RESULTS Of 1388 articles, 14 studies were included, with 128 ONENA children and adolescent participants across the four qualitative studies; 156,581 ONENA children and adolescents across the seven quantitative studies; 801 parents, children, and adolescents in one quantitative study; and 642 parents in two quantitative studies. Of the 14 included studies, none were based in Australia and only 10 of the 22 PICT were reported as the participants' residence: Palau, New Zealand, Tonga, Cook Islands, Kiribati, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Fiji. Four studies reported barriers, and another four studies reported facilitators of PA and sport, with the remaining studies reporting both barriers and facilitators. Overall, there were more barriers reported (30 in total) than facilitators (27 in total). CONCLUSIONS Research in this area is lacking, with ONENA youth living in Australia and 12 PICT not represented. Overall, there were a larger number of facilitators experienced at individual and interpersonal levels, while barriers were highest at the community level, with the policy level having facilitators and barriers equally represented. Programs that offer PA and sport participation options with embedded SDT-informed strategies for all family members; that are accessible through existing transport and related social, cultural, and physical infrastructure; and that are committed to communities through formal co-design partnerships are needed, to enhance the PA and sport participation of ONENA youth residing in PICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa R. Peralta
- School of Education and Social Work, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Renata L. Cinelli
- Faculty of Education and Arts, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, NSW 2135, Australia
| | - Wayne Cotton
- School of Education and Social Work, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah Morris
- Sydney Conservatorium of Music, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Olivier Galy
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Research in Education, University of New Caledonia, Nouméa 98800, New Caledonia
| | - Corinne Caillaud
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Martins J, Costa J, Sarmento H, Marques A, Farias C, Onofre M, Valeiro MG. Adolescents' Perspectives on the Barriers and Facilitators of Physical Activity: An Updated Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4954. [PMID: 34066596 PMCID: PMC8125166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Listening to adolescents' voices has been important to promote meaningful physical activity (PA) opportunities. Therefore, an updated systematic review of the available qualitative literature on adolescents' perspectives on the barriers and facilitators of PA was conducted, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published between 2014 (date of the last systematic review) and 2020 were searched in the Web of Science, EBSCO, and SCOPUS databases. Based on the inclusion criteria applied, 30 out of 8069 studies were included in the review. A thematic analysis was used to inductively and deductively analyze the perspectives of ~1250 adolescents (13-18 years). The studies took place in 13 countries from different continents. The main PA barriers and facilitators of PA were presented and discussed around five higher-order themes: (1) Individual factors (e.g., psychological-motivation, self-efficacy; cognitive-knowledge, understanding; physical-motor skills); (2) social and relational factors (family, friends, significant others); (3) PA nature factors (fun, school-based PA and physical education); (4) life factors (time and competing activities; life-course); and (5) sociocultural and environmental factors (e.g., availability/access to PA facilities, programs; urban/rural zones). By transnationally framing adolescents' voices, this study provides updated evidence and discusses innovative implications for developing tailored interventions and pedagogical strategies aimed at promoting active and healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Martins
- Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.M.); (M.O.)
- Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física, Universidad de A Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain;
- ISAMB, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Costa
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, School of Education, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Adilson Marques
- ISAMB, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudio Farias
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcos Onofre
- Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Miguel González Valeiro
- Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física, Universidad de A Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain;
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Trübswasser U, Verstraeten R, Salm L, Holdsworth M, Baye K, Booth A, Feskens EJM, Gillespie S, Talsma EF. Factors influencing obesogenic behaviours of adolescent girls and women in low- and middle-income countries: A qualitative evidence synthesis. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13163. [PMID: 33283419 PMCID: PMC7988604 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review synthesized the qualitative evidence on factors influencing obesogenic behaviours in adolescent girls and women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This qualitative evidence synthesis followed the framework synthesis approach to extract, analyse and synthesize data. Electronic searches were conducted in the Web of Science, SCOPUS, CABI Abstracts, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar. Studies were eligible if they were conducted in LMICs, of qualitative nature, and reported obesogenic behaviours of female adolescents (10-19 years of age) or women of reproductive age (15-49 years of age). The review resulted in 71 included studies from 27 different countries. Thirty-two studies focused on dietary behaviours, 17 on physical activity and 22 on both behaviours. Gender norms and failures to recognize the importance of healthy behaviours across the life cycle were important factors. The abundance and promotion of affordable but unhealthy food, food safety concerns, taste preferences and social desirability of foods drive consumption of unhealthy foods. Busy lives and limited exercise spaces keep girls and women from being physically active. Obesogenic behaviours of adolescent girls and women of reproductive age are influenced by factors at individual, social, physical and environmental levels and require diverse solutions to address these factors in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Trübswasser
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roos Verstraeten
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Leah Salm
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Dakar, Senegal.,Institute for Development Studies (IDS), Brighton, UK
| | - Michelle Holdsworth
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Food and Nutrition in the Global South Research Unit (NUTRIPASS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Montpellier, France
| | - Kaleab Baye
- Center for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Andrew Booth
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Edith J M Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart Gillespie
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Brighton, UK
| | - Elise F Talsma
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Eidkhani V, Parizadeh D, Hasheminia M, Azizi F, Hadaegh F. Impaired fasting glucose prevalence surge among Iranian adolescents in a decade: The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:1064-1071. [PMID: 31478584 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is associated with incident diabetes, cardiovascular risk, and markers of atherosclerosis in early adulthood. We aimed to explore the 10-year change in IFG prevalence among adolescent participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, a population-based study from Iran. METHODS For our study, we used data on fasting plasma glucose (FPG), anthropometric, and demographic information of 11 to 19-year-old adolescents in study periods I (1999-2005; 1415 boys, 1583 girls) and II (2011-2014; 477 boys, 469 girls). Sex-adjusted and sex-stratified multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship of the study period (reference: study period I) with IFG. RESULTS The prevalence of IFG, general obesity, and central obesity increased from 7%, 13.3%, and 18.8% in study period I to 16.6%, 24%, and 37.4% in study period II; while a favorable trend was seen for blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the fully adjusted model, being older (age group 15-19 vs 11-14 years) and female sex were associated with lower risk. Being overweight and obese increased the risk by risk ratios (confidence interval) of 1.57 (1.17-2.11) and 1.63 (1.15-2.30), respectively. Central adiposity did not remain as an independent risk factor. Nevertheless, study period persisted as a significant factor despite all adjustments [2.20 (1.81-2.68)]. Results in the sex-stratified models were generally the same. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that the over 2-fold rise in IFG prevalence among adolescents was not solely dependent on general and central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Eidkhani
- Students Research Committee, Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Donna Parizadeh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Hasheminia
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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