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Lewandowski Ł, Bednarz-Misa I, Kucharska AZ, Kubiak A, Kasprzyk P, Sozański T, Przybylska D, Piórecki N, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Extracts Exert Cytotoxicity in Two Selected Melanoma Cell Lines—A Factorial Analysis of Time-Dependent Alterations in Values Obtained with SRB and MTT Assays. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134193. [PMID: 35807436 PMCID: PMC9268180 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that phytochemicals of Cornaceae species have long been discussed as possible auxiliary agents in contemporary treatment, the insights on their properties remain relatively scarce. This study focuses on Cornus mas L. (Cornelian cherry), the extracts of which are reported to exert a pleiotropic effect shown in both in vivo and in vitro studies. This study aimed to explore the cytotoxic effect of extracts from fruits of red (Cornus mas L. ‘Podolski’) and yellow (Cornus mas L. ‘Yantarnyi’ and ‘Flava’) Cornelian cherries on two melanoma cell lines (A375 and MeWo). The extracts were characterized in the context of the concentration of bioactive compounds of antioxidative properties. Cytotoxicity was investigated with the use of the following two assays: SRB and MTT. An additional, alternative protocol for the SRB assay was used in this study so as to account for possible bias. Cytotoxicity was assessed as a difference in the whole time series of cell viability, instead of analyzing differences in raw values (often found in the literature). Both extracts from Cornus mas L. induced cytotoxicity in both A375 and MeWo cell lines, although the response of these cells was different. Moreover, based on this study, there is no evidence for claiming a different magnitude of cytotoxicity between these two extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Lewandowski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.K.-K.)
- Correspondence: (Ł.L.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Iwona Bednarz-Misa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Alicja Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chelmonskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Ł.L.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Kubiak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Patrycja Kasprzyk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.K.-K.)
| | - Tomasz Sozański
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dominika Przybylska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chelmonskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Narcyz Piórecki
- Bolestraszyce Arboretum and Institute of Physiography, Bolestraszyce 130, 37-722 Wyszatyce, Poland;
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszow, Cicha 2A, 35-326 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.B.-M.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.K.-K.)
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Mohammadi K, Alizadeh Sani M, Nattagh‐Eshtivani E, Yaribash S, Rahmani J, Shokrollahi Yancheshmeh B, Julian McClements D. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of cornelian cherry consumption on blood lipid profiles. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4629-4638. [PMID: 34401109 PMCID: PMC8358377 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds are claimed to improve blood lipid profiles and to provide protective effects against cardiovascular disease. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that comprehensively investigated the effects of cornelian cherry supplementation on lipid profiles in rat models. Up to December 2020, 855 articles were screened, and finally, seven articles were selected as eligible for the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis revealed that cornelian cherry supplementation significantly decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD = -6.38 mg/dl; 95% CI, -9.93 to-2.84; p < .001), triglyceride (TG) (WMD = -52.36 mg/dl; 95% CI, -80.50 to -24.22; p < .005), and cholesterol level (WMD = -37.16 mg/dl; 95% CI, -51.19 to -23.13; p < .005) in treated rats compared with control groups. A nonsignificant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was observed (WMD = 4.21 mg/dl; 95% CI, -3.25 to 11.66; p = .268). These results suggest that cherry supplementation may have health effects by modifying lipid profiles. However, there is a need for more well-controlled human clinical trials to make more definitive conclusions about the potential health benefits of cherry supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyhan Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical PharmacyFaculty of PharmacyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh Sani
- Division of Food Safety and HygieneSchool of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Shakila Yaribash
- Faculty of PharmacyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Jamal Rahmani
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and DieteticsFaculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Bayram HM, Arda Ozturkcan S. Bioactive components and biological properties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.): A comprehensive review. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Capcarova M, Kalafova A, Schwarzova M, Schneidgenova M, Svik K, Prnova MS, Slovak L, Kovacik A, Lory V, Zorad S, Brindza J. Cornelian cherry fruit improves glycaemia and manifestations of diabetes in obese Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Res Vet Sci 2019; 126:118-123. [PMID: 31446268 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) was in the past frequently used in Slovak Republic; meanwhile fell into oblivion despite the fact that it is known as antidiabetic supplement. However, there is no research investigated its effect on animal model of Diabetes mellitus (DM) 2 type as it is Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of C. mas fruit given orally on the development of DM symptoms in ZDF rats. In the experiment male ZDF rats (fa/fa) and their age-matched non-diabetic lean controls (fa/+) were used aged 12 weeks. Male ZDF rats were administered C. mas in two doses (500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) using a gastric gavage for 10 weeks. One group of diabetic animals served as positive control and received only distilled water. We found significant decrease of glucose level after oral administration of C. mas in dose of 1000 mg/kg bw in pre-diabetic state of animals (until 7th week of the experiment) and significant restriction of water intake in both C. mas groups against the diabetic control. We presume that the higher dose of Cornelian cherry could be beneficial and helpful in prevention of diabetic symptoms when consumed regularly in young animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Capcarova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Anna Kalafova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marianna Schwarzova
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Schneidgenova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Karol Svik
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Soltesova Prnova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lukas Slovak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Anton Kovacik
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Viktoria Lory
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Stefan Zorad
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Brindza
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; Institute of Biodiversity Conservation and Biosafety, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Adamenko K, Kawa-Rygielska J, Kucharska A, Piórecki N. Fruit Low-Alcoholic Beverages with High Contents of Iridoids and Phenolics from Apple and Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) Fermented with Saccharomyces bayanus. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/111405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Czerwińska ME, Melzig MF. Cornus mas and Cornus Officinalis-Analogies and Differences of Two Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:894. [PMID: 30210335 PMCID: PMC6121078 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Among 65 species belonging to the genus Cornus only two, Cornus mas L. and Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. (Cornaceae), have been traditionally used since ancient times. Cornus mas (cornelian cherry) is native to southern Europe and southwest Asia, whereas C. officinalis (Asiatic dogwood, cornel dogwood) is a deciduous tree distributed in eastern Asia, mainly in China, as well as Korea and Japan. Based on the different geographic distribution of the closely related species but clearly distinct taxa, the ethnopharmacological use of C. mas and C. officinalis seems to be independently originated. Many reports on the quality of C. mas fruits were performed due to their value as edible fruits, and few reports compared their physicochemical properties with other edible fruits. However, the detailed phytochemical profiles of C. mas and C. officinalis, in particular fruits, have never been compared. The aim of this review was highlighting the similarities and differences of phytochemicals found in fruits of C. mas and C. officinalis in relation to their biological effects as well as compare the therapeutic use of fruits from both traditional species. The fruits of C. mas and C. officinalis are characterized by the presence of secondary metabolites, in particular iridoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, much more not widely known iridoids, such as morroniside, as well as tannins were detected particularly in fruits of C. officinalis. The referred studies of biological activity of both species indicate their antidiabetic and hepatoprotective properties. Based on the available reports antihyperlipidemic and anticoagulant activity seems to be unique for extracts of C. mas fruits, whereas antiosteoporotic and immunomodulatory activities were assigned to preparations of C. officinalis fruits. In conclusion, the comparison of phytochemical composition of fruits from both species revealed a wide range of similarities as well as some constituents unique for cornelian cherry or Asiatic dogwood. Thus, these phytochemicals are considered the important factor determining the biological activity and justifying the use of C. mas and C. officinalis in the traditional European and Asiatic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika E Czerwińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Characteristics of Biologically Active Compounds in Cornelian Cherry Meads. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23082024. [PMID: 30110900 PMCID: PMC6222799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of Cornelian cherry cultivars differing in fruit color ("Yantaryi"-yellow fruits, "Koralovyi"-coral fruits, "Podolski"-red fruits) on physicochemical characteristics, antioxidative properties, and contents of iridoids and polyphenols in meads with the addition of juices made of their fruits. "Trójniak" type meads (1:2 honey to water volume) were manufactured from multifloral honey, to which Cornelian cherry fruit juice was added before fermentation. Concentrations of individual iridoids and polyphenols were determined using HPLC analysis with a thermostat refractometric detector, model RID-10A. The total polyphenol content was determined based on testing with Folin⁻Ciocalteu (F-C) reagent, whereas the antioxidative properties were determined using DPPH• (2,2-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), ABTS•⁺ (2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. Cultivar of Cornelian cherry fruits influenced both the antioxidative properties and the concentrations of polyphenols and iridoids. The highest concentration of total polyphenols (F-C), accounting for 898.7 mg gallic acid (GAE)/L, was determined in the mead with juice made of red fruits; this mead was also characterized by the strongest antioxidative capabilities measured with ABTS•⁺ and FRAP assays. Among the iridoids determined in the Cornelian cherry meads, loganic acid was found to prevail and its highest concentration, reaching 77.8 mg loganic acid (LA)/L mead, was determined in the mead with the coral-fruit juice. Study results indicate that Cornelian cherry meads have a high content of biologically active iridoids and phenolic acids which display valuable antioxidative properties.
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