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Deepa Y, Mooventhan A, Christa E, Kayelarasi CA. Effect of yoga on cardiovascular functions and psychological aspects of people on public service-related work: an exploratory study. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 19:1033-1038. [PMID: 34243225 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Yoga is increasingly being introduced in workplace settings to improve health and well-being. However, there is a lack of studies reporting the effect of yoga in people on public service-related work, who are at high risk for various health-related problems. Thus, the objective of this study was to find the effect of yoga on cardiovascular functions and psychological (stress, anxiety, and depression) aspects of people on public service-related work. METHODS A single-group pre-test and post-test experimental study design was adopted. Eighty-two participants aged 41.52 ± 7.44 years who are working in the Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission were undergone 1-h of yoga (under the supervision of a yoga & naturopathy doctor) a day, 5-days a week for a period of 1-month at their office. Cardiovascular functions such as systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse rate (PR) were measured using an automatic BP monitor. Psychological variables such as stress, anxiety, and depression were measured using Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) before and after the intervention. RESULTS Results of this study showed a significant reduction in body mass index, SBP, DBP, PR, mean arterial pressure, rate pressure product, and double product. Though results showed insignificant (just missed the statistical significance [p=0.056]) reduction in anxiety, it showed clinical improvement (i.e. the mean anxiety score has reduced from moderate category to mild category). However, there is neither statistically significant nor clinical difference in stress and depression. None of the participants reported any untoward events during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that yoga might improve the cardiovascular functions and anxiety of people in public service-related work. However, no such significant improvement was noted in their stress and depression levels. However, a randomized controlled trial is required to warrant the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Deepa
- Department of Manipulative Therapy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A Mooventhan
- Department of Research, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Edmin Christa
- Department of Manipulative Therapy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - C A Kayelarasi
- Department of Manipulative Therapy, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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de Meiroz Grilo MLP, de Sousa GM, de Mendonça LAC, Lobão-Soares B, de Sousa MBC, Palhano-Fontes F, de Araujo DB, Perkins D, Hallak JEC, Galvão-Coelho NL. Prophylactic action of ayahuasca in a non-human primate model of depressive-like behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:901425. [PMID: 36408451 PMCID: PMC9672345 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.901425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational studies of long-term users of ayahuasca, an Amazonian psychedelic brew, suggest an increase in resilience via improvements in emotion and cognition. Ayahuasca has also demonstrated clinical antidepressant effects in human and animal studies; however, its potential prophylactic action in depression has not been previously studied. Therefore, this experimental study sought to evaluate the potential prophylactic effects of repeated and long-term ayahuasca use, via the modulation of resilience, in a non-human primate animal model, Callithrix jacchus, subjected to a protocol for induction of depressive-like behavior. For the formation of the study groups, some juvenile marmosets were kept in their family groups (GF = 7), while for the two experimental groups, the animals were removed from the family and kept socially isolated. Then, part of the isolated animals made up the group in which ayahuasca was administered (AG, n = 6), while for others, no intervention was made (IG, n = 5). AG animals took ayahuasca (1.67 mL/300g body weight) at weeks 4 (before isolation), 8, and 12 (during isolation) of the study. More adaptive stress response was observed for the AG when compared to the IG. The AG showed higher cortisol reactivity and fecal cortisol levels than IG, while both measures were similar to FG. Moreover, AG animals showed no signs of anhedonia and no increase in chronic stress-related behaviors, which were expressed by the IG. Thus, ayahuasca seems to promote the expression of resilient responses, indicating a prophylactic action, buffering the emergence of depressive-like behaviors and cortisol alterations associated with major depression. These results are encouraging for further research on the prophylactic use of psychedelics to prevent psychopathologies associated with chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lara Porpino de Meiroz Grilo
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Geovan Menezes de Sousa
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Lilían Andrade Carlos de Mendonça
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lobão-Soares
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de Sousa
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Perkins
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Behavior, UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Bakhmutova L. Main features of expeditioners’personality traits in Antarctic conditions. Ment Health (Lond) 2021. [DOI: 10.32437/mhgcj.v4i1.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Determining the benefits of basic human personality traits is one of the main components of the selection and staffing of small groups of peoples that are working in extreme environmental conditions and socio-spatial isolation. These groups include teams of polar explorers, scientists from outlying research bases, ship and submarine crews, and aircraft and space shuttles teams.
Purpose. To identify the prevailing type of temperament of and personal changes in people working on the Antarctic station during a one-year period of isolation to develop measures to maintain their mental and physical health.
Methodology. A total of 48 people (46 men and 2 women aged from 23 to 63 years) from four wintering teams of the Ukrainian Antarctic station (UAS) “Akademik Vernadsky” were voluntarily interviewed according to the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The poll was conducted twice – before the departure to the Antarctic station and after their return after a year. Participants were studied in two groups (24 peoples) once again after a 6-month stay on the Antarctic station, to determine the level of psychoticism. The research was based on the analysis of preferences and changes in personality traits: Extraversion/Introversion, Neuroticism/Stability, and Psychoticism/Socialization.
Results. Based on the analysis of indicators such as Extraversion/Introversion, Neuroticism/Stability, and Psychoticism/Socialization, we determined the general structure of the personal characteristics of the expeditioners. Indicators of these characteristics showed that more than a third of the expeditioners (36.1%) were pronounced extroverts. A majority (61.1%) of the respondents were characterized by an intermediate between extraversion and introversion, and only 2.8% were pronounced introverts. 58.4% of the respondents were characterized by a low level of neuroticism, while 33.3% were characterized by medium level of neuroticism. Only 8.3% were found to have a high level of neuroticism. Low levels of psychoticism were predominant in 56.3% of the respondents while the remaining 43.7% had medium levels of psychoticism. A high level of psychoticism was absent in the respondents which indicates a psychologically correct selection of the team. Analysis of the dynamics of psychoticism revealed that there were higher growth rates (+0.97) of average indexes of psychoticism during the first 6 months of the expeditioners’ stay at the Antarctic station than at the end of the activity. This was due to the “acute adaptation” period when the respondent fit in the natural conditions of Antarctica. Furthermore, there was a development of psychoticism in the expeditioners during the “polar night”; the growth rates of psychoticism decreased after adaptation.
Conclusions. To maintain people’s mental health at the Antarctic station, it is optimal to select candidates for a one-year expedition with average rates of extraversion-introversion, and mostly low rates of neuroticism and psychoticism. These personal characteristics must be taken into account when forming an expedition team. The level of psychoticism during the expedition increases under the influence of the adverse environmental conditions of Antarctica and the socio-spatial isolation
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Nourollahimoghadam E, Gorji S, Gorji A, Khaleghi Ghadiri M. Therapeutic role of yoga in neuropsychological disorders. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:754-773. [PMID: 34733640 PMCID: PMC8546763 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i10.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Yoga is considered a widely-used approach for health conservation and can be adopted as a treatment modality for a plethora of medical conditions, including neurological and psychological disorders. Hence, we reviewed relevant articles entailing various neurological and psychological disorders and gathered data on how yoga exerts positive impacts on patients with a diverse range of disorders, including its modulatory effects on brain bioelectrical activities, neurotransmitters, and synaptic plasticity. The role of yoga practice as an element of the treatment of several neuropsychological diseases was evaluated based on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaghayegh Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Münster University, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Münster University, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
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Rain M, Subramaniam B, Avti P, Mahajan P, Anand A. Can Yogic Breathing Techniques Like Simha Kriya and Isha Kriya Regulate COVID-19-Related Stress? Front Psychol 2021; 12:635816. [PMID: 33935886 PMCID: PMC8081973 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The global impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is tremendous on human life, not only affecting the physical and mental health of population but also impacting the economic system of countries and individual itself. The present situation demands prompt response toward COVID-19 by equipping the humans with strategies to overcome the infection and stress associated with it. These strategies must not only be limited to preventive and therapeutic measures, but also aim at improving immunity and mental health. This can be achieved by yogic breathing techniques. In this perspective, we emphasize the importance of yogic breathing, Simha Kriya and Isha kriya, the simple yet effective breathing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Rain
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Balachundhar Subramaniam
- Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pramod Avti
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pranay Mahajan
- Department of Hospital Administration, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.,Centre for Mind Body Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.,Centre of Phenomenology and Cognitive Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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