1
|
Riepenhausen A, Wackerhagen C, Reppmann ZC, Deter HC, Kalisch R, Veer IM, Walter H. Positive Cognitive Reappraisal in Stress Resilience, Mental Health, and Well-Being: A Comprehensive Systematic Review. EMOTION REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/17540739221114642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stress-related psychopathology is on the rise, and there is a pressing need for improved prevention strategies. Positive appraisal style, the tendency to appraise potentially threatening situations in a positive way, has been proposed to act as a key resilience mechanism and therefore offers a potential target for preventive approaches. In this article, we review n = 99 studies investigating associations of positive cognitive reappraisal, an important sub-facet of positive appraisal style, with outcome-based resilience and relevant other outcomes, which are considered resilience-related. According to the studies reviewed, positive cognitive reappraisal moderates the relation between stressors and negative outcomes and is positively related to several resilience-related outcomes. It also mediates between other resilience factors and resilience, suggesting it is a proximal resilience factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Riepenhausen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Wackerhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zala C. Reppmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Christian Deter
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medical Clinic, Psychosomatics, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Ilya M. Veer
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Research Division of Mind and Brain, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kupcewicz E, Rachubińska K, Gaworska-Krzemińska A, Andruszkiewicz A, Kawalec-Kajstura E, Kozieł D, Basińska MA, Grochans E. Positive Orientation and Fatigue Experienced by Polish Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediatory Role of Emotional Control. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2971. [PMID: 35683360 PMCID: PMC9181178 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mediatory role of emotional control with respect to the control of anger, depression, and anxiety in the relationship between positive orientation and tiredness/fatigue occurring in a group of Polish nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 894 nursing students from six universities in Poland. A diagnostic survey was applied as the research method, and the data were collected using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS) and the Positive Orientation Scale (SOP). The mean participant age was 20.73 years (SD = 1.81). More than half of the students in the study showed a low level of positive orientation. Correlational analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between positive orientation and tiredness/fatigue experienced by the students participating in the study (r = −0.336; p < 0.001), and correlation between positive orientation and the overall emotional control index (r = −0.317; p < 0.001), and the indices of control of anger (r = −0.154; p < 0.01), depression (r = −0.376; p < 0.001), and anxiety (r = −0.236; p < 0.01). Analysis of the results also revealed the occurrence of significant, positive links between the controlled emotions and their components and the tiredness/fatigue experienced by nursing students. It is important to take action associated with the prevention of tiredness/fatigue among students and to reinforce a positive orientation and the capacity to control emotions to effectively minimize the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kupcewicz
- Department of Nursing, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 14 Zolnierska Street, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Zolnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (K.R.); (E.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Gaworska-Krzemińska
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical University of Gdansk, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street 3a, 80-227 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Anna Andruszkiewicz
- Department of Basic Clinical Skills and Postgraduate Education for Nurses and Midwifes, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 1 Łukasiewicza Street, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Kawalec-Kajstura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Community Nursing, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Dorota Kozieł
- Medical College, J. Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-369 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata A. Basińska
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Zolnierska Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (K.R.); (E.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Malinowska-Lipień I, Suder M, Wadas T, Gabryś T, Kózka M, Gniadek A, Brzostek T. The Correlation between Nurses' COVID-19 Infections and Their Emotional State and Work Conditions during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12715. [PMID: 34886440 PMCID: PMC8657256 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has significantly influenced the functioning of Polish hospitals, and thus, the working conditions of nurses. Research on the presence of specific negative emotions in nurses may help identify deficits in the future, as well as directing preventive actions. The present research was performed among nurses (n = 158) working in Polish healthcare facilities during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, where Group A (n = 79) consisted of nurses diagnosed with COVID-19, and Group B (n = 79) nurses who have never been infected with COVID-19. To perform the research, the Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CECS), Trait Anxiety Scale (Polish: SL-C) and the authors' survey questionnaire were used. A positive test result was generally determined more often among nurses who indicated a noninfectious ward as their main workplace, compared to nurses employed in infectious wards (64.55% positive vs 33.45% negative). Over a half of the subjects identified moderate levels of emotion suppression as the method to regulate strong emotions, while one-quarter cited high levels of suppression. Anxiety was suppressed at high and moderate levels by 97% of the subjects, depression by 86.71%, and anger by 79.48%. Infection with COVID-19 results in a higher level of anxiety and depression, as well as a feeling of increased work load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Malinowska-Lipień
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.); (T.G.); (M.K.); (A.G.); (T.B.)
- Małopolska District Chamber of Nurses and Midwives in Krakow, 31-501 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Suder
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.); (T.G.); (M.K.); (A.G.); (T.B.)
| | - Tadeusz Wadas
- Małopolska District Chamber of Nurses and Midwives in Krakow, 31-501 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Teresa Gabryś
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.); (T.G.); (M.K.); (A.G.); (T.B.)
| | - Maria Kózka
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.); (T.G.); (M.K.); (A.G.); (T.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Gniadek
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.); (T.G.); (M.K.); (A.G.); (T.B.)
| | - Tomasz Brzostek
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland; (M.S.); (T.G.); (M.K.); (A.G.); (T.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang QQ, Fang YY, Huang HL, Lv WJ, Wang XX, Yang TT, Yuan JM, Gao Y, Qian RL, Zhang YH. Anxiety, depression and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in Chinese nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:1263-1274. [PMID: 33480056 PMCID: PMC8013387 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the association between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression among nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak. BACKGROUND Nurses play a vital role in responding to the COVID-19 outbreak, but many of them suffer from psychological problems due to the excessive workload and stress. Understanding the correlation between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression will promote targeted psychosocial interventions for these affected nurses. METHODS This cross-sectional study of 586 nurses was conducted in Eastern China. Participants completed online questionnaires that investigated anxiety, depression and cognitive emotion regulation strategies. RESULTS The prevalence of nurses' anxiety and depression was 27.6% and 32.8%, respectively. Lower self-blame, rumination and catastrophizing, as well as greater acceptance and positive refocusing, were related to fewer symptoms of anxiety or depression. CONCLUSION The cognitive emotion regulation strategies of acceptance and positive refocusing contribute to reducing anxiety or depression. These strategies should be considered when implementing psychotherapeutic interventions to improve nurses' adverse emotional symptoms. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT This study highlights the need to assess cognitive emotion regulation strategies use in screening for anxiety and depression. Nurse managers should develop psychosocial interventions including appropriate strategies to help nurses with adverse emotions during a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Wang
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao-Lian Huang
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Jun Lv
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Wang
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian-Ting Yang
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Mei Yuan
- Department of Nursing Research, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Medical Psychology, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui-Lian Qian
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baziliansky S, Cohen M. Emotion regulation and psychological distress in cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stress Health 2021; 37:3-18. [PMID: 32720741 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Emotion regulation may affect the levels of psychological distress of cancer survivors, but inconsistencies exist among studies regarding the direction of this effect. The systematic review and meta-analysis sought to estimate the associations between emotion regulation patterns (repression, suppression, experiential avoidance and cognitive reappraisal) and psychological distress among cancer survivors. Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria for systematic review, and seven studies focussing on suppression were included in the meta-analysis. The systematic review pointed to a marked variability in associations among the emotion regulation patterns and psychological distress. The three meta-regressions of the relationships between suppression and psychological distress found significant fixed- and random-effect sizes (except marginal significance of a random-effect model for partial correlation). Subgroup analysis showed no moderation effect of time since diagnosis or study quality, but a significant difference (fixed-effect model only, p = 0.005) was found between correlative studies and those controlling for confounders. The current study suggests that suppression is related to elevated levels of psychological distress among cancer survivors, although large inconsistencies exist among studies and publication bias could not be ruled out. Further studies with large samples and a consistent approach are thus required to evaluate the associations of emotion regulation patterns and psychological distress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miri Cohen
- School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Balsamo M, Cataldi F, Carlucci L, Padulo C, Fairfield B. Assessment of late-life depression via self-report measures: a review. Clin Interv Aging 2018; 13:2021-2044. [PMID: 30410319 PMCID: PMC6199213 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s178943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression in later life is a significant and growing problem. Age-related differences in the type and severity of depressive disorders continue to be questioned and necessarily question differential methods of assessment and treatment strategies. A host of geropsychiatric measures have been developed for diagnostic purposes, for rating severity of depression, and monitoring treatment progress. This literature review includes the self-report depression measures commonly and currently used in geropsychological practice. Each of the included measures is considered according to its psychometric properties. In particular, information about reliability; convergent, divergent, and factorial validity evidence based on data from clinical and nonclinical samples of older adults; and availability of age-appropriate norms was provided along with the strengths and weaknesses of each measure. Results highlighted that in cognitively intact or mildly impaired patients over 65 years, the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 currently seem to be the preferred instruments. The psychometric functioning of the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, instead, is mixed in this population. Most importantly, this review may be a valuable resource for practicing clinicians and researchers who wish to develop state-of-the-science assessment strategies for clinical problems and make informed choices about which instruments best suit their purposes in older populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Balsamo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy,
| | - Fedele Cataldi
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy,
| | - Leonardo Carlucci
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy,
| | - Caterina Padulo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy,
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy,
| |
Collapse
|