1
|
Schepetkin IA, Karpenko OS, Kovrizhina AR, Kirpotina LN, Khlebnikov AI, Chekal SI, Radudik AV, Shybinska MO, Quinn MT. Novel Tryptanthrin Derivatives with Selectivity as c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) 3 Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:4806. [PMID: 37375361 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) family includes three proteins (JNK1-3) that regulate many physiological processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation, cell survival, and inflammation. Because of emerging data suggesting that JNK3 may play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease, as well as cancer pathogenesis, we sought to identify JNK inhibitors with increased selectivity for JNK3. A panel of 26 novel tryptanthrin-6-oxime analogs was synthesized and evaluated for JNK1-3 binding (Kd) and inhibition of cellular inflammatory responses. Compounds 4d (8-methoxyindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione oxime) and 4e (8-phenylindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione oxime) had high selectivity for JNK3 versus JNK1 and JNK2 and inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-κB/activating protein 1 (NF-κB/AP-1) transcriptional activity in THP-1Blue cells and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by MonoMac-6 monocytic cells in the low micromolar range. Likewise, compounds 4d, 4e, and pan-JNK inhibitor 4h (9-methylindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione oxime) decreased LPS-induced c-Jun phosphorylation in MonoMac-6 cells, directly confirming JNK inhibition. Molecular modeling suggested modes of binding interaction of these compounds in the JNK3 catalytic site that were in agreement with the experimental data on JNK3 binding. Our results demonstrate the potential for developing anti-inflammatory drugs based on these nitrogen-containing heterocyclic systems with selectivity for JNK3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Oleksander S Karpenko
- O.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odesa, Ukraine
| | | | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | | | - Stepan I Chekal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, 65082 Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Alevtyna V Radudik
- O.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odesa, Ukraine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, 65082 Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Maryna O Shybinska
- O.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liakhov SA, Schepetkin IA, Karpenko OS, Duma HI, Haidarzhy NM, Kirpotina LN, Kovrizhina AR, Khlebnikov AI, Bagryanskaya IY, Quinn MT. Novel c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) Inhibitors with an 11 H-Indeno[1,2- b]quinoxalin-11-one Scaffold. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185688. [PMID: 34577159 PMCID: PMC8464905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays a central role in stress signaling pathways implicated in important pathological processes, including rheumatoid arthritis and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, inhibition of JNK is of interest for molecular targeted therapy to treat various diseases. We synthesized 13 derivatives of our reported JNK inhibitor 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime and evaluated their binding to the three JNK isoforms and their biological effects. Eight compounds exhibited submicromolar binding affinity for at least one JNK isoform. Most of these compounds also inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-κB/activating protein 1 (NF-κB/AP-1) activation and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in human monocytic THP1-Blue cells and human MonoMac-6 cells, respectively. Selected compounds (4f and 4m) also inhibited LPS-induced c-Jun phosphorylation in MonoMac-6 cells, directly confirming JNK inhibition. We conclude that indenoquinoxaline-based oximes can serve as specific small-molecule modulators for mechanistic studies of JNKs, as well as potential leads for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serhii A. Liakhov
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odessa, Ukraine; (S.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (H.I.D.)
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (I.A.S.); (L.N.K.)
| | - Olexander S. Karpenko
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odessa, Ukraine; (S.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (H.I.D.)
| | - Hanna I. Duma
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odessa, Ukraine; (S.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (H.I.D.)
| | | | - Liliya N. Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (I.A.S.); (L.N.K.)
| | - Anastasia R. Kovrizhina
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.R.K.); (A.I.K.)
| | - Andrei I. Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (A.R.K.); (A.I.K.)
| | - Irina Y. Bagryanskaya
- Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (I.A.S.); (L.N.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +406-994-4707; Fax: +406-994-4303
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Neuroprotective effects of Senkyunolide I against glutamate-induced cells death by attenuating JNK/caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111696. [PMID: 34044281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-induced neurotoxicity is one of the most important pathogenic mechanisms in neurological diseases and is widely used as an in vitro model for ischemic stroke. Senkyunolide I (SEI), an active constituent derived from traditional Chinese medicine Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, has been shown to have beneficial effects against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. However, the mechanisms underlying SEI-mediated neuroprotection remain not well understood. Thus, we explored the influence of SEI in glutamate-mediated injury to mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro2a) cells and determined the mechanisms involved. Neuro2a cells were treated with SEI under exposure to glutamate for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by using WST-1 reagents, and apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin V-FITC and a PI double staining kit. The protein expression levels of p-AKT, AKT, p-GSK3β, GSK3β, p-p38, p38, p-ERK, ERK, p-JNK, JNK, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-xl, p-Bad, Bad, p53, and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot analysis. Glutamate significantly decreased cell viability and elevated the level of apoptosis. Treatment with SEI reversed those effects. Furthermore, the expression of p-JNK/JNK and cleaved caspase-3 were also reduced after treatment with SEI. Our findings demonstrate that SEI protected Neuro2a cells against glutamate toxicity by regulating JNK/caspase-3 pathway and apoptosis. Thus, SEI maybe a promising candidate for neuroprotection.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mao Y, Soni K, Sangani C, Yao Y. An Overview of Privileged Scaffold: Quinolines and Isoquinolines in Medicinal Chemistry as Anticancer Agents. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:2599-2633. [PMID: 32942976 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620999200917154225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most difficult diseases and causes of death for many decades. Many pieces of research are continuously going on to get a solution for cancer. Quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives have shown their possibilities to work as an antitumor agent in anticancer treatment. The members of this privileged scaffold quinoline and isoquinoline have shown their controlling impacts on cancer treatment through various modes. In particular, this review suggests the current scenario of quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives as antitumor agents and refine the path of these derivatives to find and develop new drugs against an evil known as cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Mao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital,
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Kunjal Soni
- Shri Maneklal M. Patel Institute of Sciences and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 362024, India
| | - Chetan Sangani
- Shri Maneklal M. Patel Institute of Sciences and Research, Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 362024, India
| | - Yongfang Yao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital,
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kibler E, Lavrinenko A, Kolesnik I, Stankevich K, Bolbasov E, Kudryavtseva V, Leonov A, Schepetkin I, Khlebnikov A, Quinn MT, Tverdokhlebov S. Electrosprayed poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) particles as a promising drug delivery system for the novel JNK inhibitor IQ-1. Eur Polym J 2020; 127:109598. [PMID: 32372769 PMCID: PMC7199471 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), play important role in the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and signaling cascades. Therefore, JNKs are key targets for the treatment of cytokine/JNK-driven diseases. Herein, we developed electrospray poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles doped with novel JNK inhibitor 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime (IQ-1). Optimized electrospray parameters allowed us to produce IQ-1-doped microparticles with round shape, smooth and non-porous surface, and mean diameter of 0.9-1.3 μm. We have shown that IQ-1 was well integrated into the polymer matrix and had a prolonged release in two steps via non-Fickian release. The fabricated particles doped with IQ-1 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, as indicated by inhibited neutrophil activation and cytokine secretion by human monocytic MonoMac-6 cells. Overall, our study demonstrates that PLGA microparticles doped with a novel JNK inhibitor (IQ-1) could be a promising delivery system for treatment of JNK-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kibler
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
634050, Russia
| | | | - Ilya Kolesnik
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
634050, Russia
| | - Ksenia Stankevich
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
634050, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State
University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Evgeny Bolbasov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
634050, Russia
- Microwave Photonics Lab, Institute of Atmospheric Optics
V.E. Zuev SB RAS, Tomsk 634055, Russia
| | - Valeriya Kudryavtseva
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
634050, Russia
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary
University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey Leonov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
634050, Russia
- Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634055, Russia
| | - Igor Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State
University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Andrei Khlebnikov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
634050, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research Tomsk State
University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State
University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jain S, Chandra V, Kumar Jain P, Pathak K, Pathak D, Vaidya A. Comprehensive review on current developments of quinoline-based anticancer agents. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
7
|
Stankevich KS, Schepetkin IA, Goreninskii SI, Lavrinenko AK, Bolbasov EN, Kovrizhina AR, Kirpotina LN, Filimonov VD, Khlebnikov AI, Tverdokhlebov SI, Quinn MT. Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds Doped with c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitors Modulate Phagocyte Activation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5990-5999. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia S. Stankevich
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Semen I. Goreninskii
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | | | - Evgeniy N. Bolbasov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- National Research Tomsk State University, 30 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | | | - Liliya N. Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Victor D. Filimonov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Andrei I. Khlebnikov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Scientific Research Institute of Biological Medicine, Altai State University, 61 Lenin Avenue, Barnaul 656049, Russia
| | | | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dou X, Huang H, Li Y, Jiang L, Wang Y, Jin H, Jiao N, Zhang L, Zhang L, Liu Z. Multistage Screening Reveals 3-Substituted Indolin-2-one Derivatives as Novel and Isoform-Selective c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 3 (JNK3) Inhibitors: Implications to Drug Discovery for Potential Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6645-6664. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huixia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yibo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schepetkin IA, Khlebnikov AI, Potapov AS, Kovrizhina AR, Matveevskaya VV, Belyanin ML, Atochin DN, Zanoza SO, Gaidarzhy NM, Lyakhov SA, Kirpotina LN, Quinn MT. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one derivatives and tryptanthrin-6-oxime as c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 161:179-191. [PMID: 30347329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) play a central role in many physiologic and pathologic processes. We synthesized novel 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime analogs and tryptanthrin-6-oxime (indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,12-dion-6-oxime) and evaluated their effects on JNK activity. Several compounds exhibited sub-micromolar JNK binding affinity and were selective for JNK1/JNK3 versus JNK2. The most potent compounds were 10c (11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one O-(O-ethylcarboxymethyl) oxime) and tryptanthrin-6-oxime, which had dissociation constants (Kd) for JNK1 and JNK3 of 22 and 76 nM and 150 and 275 nM, respectively. Molecular modeling suggested a mode of binding interaction at the JNK catalytic site and that the selected oxime derivatives were potentially competitive JNK inhibitors. JNK binding activity of the compounds correlated with their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-κB/activating protein 1 (NF-κB/AP-1) activation in human monocytic THP-1Blue cells and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by human MonoMac-6 cells. Thus, oximes with indenoquinoxaline and tryptanthrin nuclei can serve as specific small-molecule modulators for mechanistic studies of JNK, as well as potential leads for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Andrei I Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Biological Medicine, Altai State University, Barnaul, 656049, Russia
| | - Andrei S Potapov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | | | - Vladislava V Matveevskaya
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Maxim L Belyanin
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Dmitriy N Atochin
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia; Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Svitlana O Zanoza
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Nadiya M Gaidarzhy
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Sergiy A Lyakhov
- A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schröder P, Förster T, Kleine S, Becker C, Richters A, Ziegler S, Rauh D, Kumar K, Waldmann H. Neuritogenic militarinone-inspired 4-hydroxypyridones target the stress pathway kinase MAP4K4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:12398-403. [PMID: 25908259 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Progressive loss and impaired restoration of neuronal activity are hallmarks of neurological diseases, and new small molecules with neurotrophic activity are in high demand. The militarinone alkaloids and structurally simplified analogues with 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone core structure induce pronounced neurite outgrowth, but their protein target has not been identified. Reported herein is the synthesis of a militarinone-inspired 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone collection, its investigation for enhancement of neurite outgrowth, and the discovery of the stress pathway kinase MAP4K4 as a target of the discovered neuritogenic pyridones. The most potent 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone is a selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of MAP4K4 but not of the other stress pathway related kinases, as proven by biochemical analysis and by a crystal structure of the inhibitor in complex with MAP4K4. The findings support the notion that MAP4K4 may be a new target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schröder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund (Germany).,Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Tim Förster
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund (Germany).,Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Stefan Kleine
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Christian Becker
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - André Richters
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund (Germany).,Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund (Germany). .,Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund (Germany).
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schröder P, Förster T, Kleine S, Becker C, Richters A, Ziegler S, Rauh D, Kumar K, Waldmann H. Neuritogenic Militarinone-Inspired 4-Hydroxypyridones Target the Stress Pathway Kinase MAP4K4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
12
|
Zheng K, Iqbal S, Hernandez P, Park H, LoGrasso PV, Feng Y. Design and synthesis of highly potent and isoform selective JNK3 inhibitors: SAR studies on aminopyrazole derivatives. J Med Chem 2014; 57:10013-30. [PMID: 25393557 PMCID: PMC4266361 DOI: 10.1021/jm501256y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
c-jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) is expressed primarily in
the brain. Numerous reports have shown that inhibition of JNK3 is
a promising strategy for treatment of neurodegeneration. The optimization
of aminopyrazole-based JNK3 inhibitors with improved potency, isoform
selectivity, and pharmacological properties by structure–activity
relationship (SAR) studies utilizing biochemical and cell-based assays,
and structure-based drug design is reported. These inhibitors had
high selectivity over JNK1 and p38α, minimal cytotoxicity, potent
inhibition of 6-OHDA-induced mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation
and ROS generation, and good drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK)
properties for iv dosing. 26n was profiled against 464
kinases and was found to be highly selective hitting only seven kinases
with >80% inhibition at 10 μM. Moreover, 26n showed
good solubility, good brain penetration, and good DMPK properties.
Finally, the crystal structure of 26k in complex with
JNK3 was solved at 1.8 Å to explore the binding mode of aminopyrazole
based JNK3 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zheng
- Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Discovery Biology, §Crystallography/Modeling Facility, Translational Research Institute, and ∥Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Florida, The Scripps Research Institute , 130 Scripps Way, No. 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Khlebnikov AI, Hanks TS, Kochetkova I, Pascual DW, Jutila MA, Quinn MT. Identification and characterization of a novel class of c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 81:832-45. [PMID: 22434859 DOI: 10.1124/mol.111.077446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In efforts to identify novel small molecules with anti-inflammatory properties, we discovered a unique series of tetracyclic indenoquinoxaline derivatives that inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-κB/activating protein 1 activation. Compound IQ-1 (11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime) was found to be a potent, noncytotoxic inhibitor of pro-inflammatory cytokine [interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon-γ, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor] and nitric oxide production by human and murine monocyte/macrophages. Three additional potent inhibitors of cytokine production were identified through further screening of IQ-1 analogs. The sodium salt of IQ-1 inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 production in MonoMac-6 cells with IC(50) values of 0.25 and 0.61 μM, respectively. Screening of 131 protein kinases revealed that derivative IQ-3 [11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one-O-(2-furoyl)oxime]was a specific inhibitor of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) family, with preference for JNK3. This compound, as well as IQ-1 and three additional oxime indenoquinoxalines, were found to be high-affinity JNK inhibitors with nanomolar binding affinity and ability to inhibit c-Jun phosphorylation. Furthermore, docking studies showed that hydrogen bonding interactions of the active indenoquinoxalines with Asn152, Gln155, and Met149 of JNK3 played an important role in enzyme binding activity. Finally, we showed that the sodium salt of IQ-1 had favorable pharmacokinetics and inhibited the ovalbumin-induced CD4(+) T-cell immune response in a murine delayed-type hypersensitivity model in vivo. We conclude that compounds with an indenoquinoxaline nucleus can serve as specific small-molecule modulators for mechanistic studies of JNKs as well as a potential leads for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang T, Inesta-Vaquera F, Niepel M, Zhang J, Ficarro SB, Machleidt T, Xie T, Marto JA, Kim N, Sim T, Laughlin JD, Park H, LoGrasso PV, Patricelli M, Nomanbhoy TK, Sorger PK, Alessi DR, Gray NS. Discovery of potent and selective covalent inhibitors of JNK. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2012; 19:140-54. [PMID: 22284361 PMCID: PMC3270411 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated kinases JNK1/2/3 are key enzymes in signaling modules that transduce and integrate extracellular stimuli into coordinated cellular response. Here, we report the discovery of irreversible inhibitors of JNK1/2/3. We describe two JNK3 cocrystal structures at 2.60 and 2.97 Å resolution that show the compounds form covalent bonds with a conserved cysteine residue. JNK-IN-8 is a selective JNK inhibitor that inhibits phosphorylation of c-Jun, a direct substrate of JNK, in cells exposed to submicromolar drug in a manner that depends on covalent modification of the conserved cysteine residue. Extensive biochemical, cellular, and pathway-based profiling establish the selectivity of JNK-IN-8 for JNK and suggests that the compound will be broadly useful as a pharmacological probe of JNK-dependent signal transduction. Potential lead compounds have also been identified for kinases, including IRAK1, PIK3C3, PIP4K2C, and PIP5K3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Ave, SGM 628, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Francisco Inesta-Vaquera
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, The Sir James Black Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Mario Niepel
- Center for Cell Decision Processes, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Ave, SGM 628, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Scott B. Ficarro
- Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Smith 1158A, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Machleidt
- Primary and Stem Cell Systems Life Technologies, 501 Charmany Drive Madison, WI 53719, USA
| | - Ting Xie
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Ave, SGM 628, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jarrod A. Marto
- Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney Street, Smith 1158A, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - NamDoo Kim
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawologok-Dong, Wolsong-Gil5, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - Taebo Sim
- Future Convergence Research Division, Korea institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawologok-Dong, Wolsong-Gil5, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - John D Laughlin
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #2A2, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Hajeung Park
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #2A2, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Philip V. LoGrasso
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way #2A2, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Matt Patricelli
- ActivX Biosciences, 11025 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Peter K. Sorger
- Center for Cell Decision Processes, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Dario R. Alessi
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, The Sir James Black Centre, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Ave, SGM 628, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ligand-based and structure-based approaches in identifying ideal pharmacophore against c-Jun N-terminal kinase-3. J Mol Model 2011; 17:151-63. [PMID: 20393763 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Structure and ligand based pharmacophore modeling and docking studies carried out using diversified set of c-Jun N-terminal kinase-3 (JNK3) inhibitors are presented in this paper. Ligand based pharmacophore model (LBPM) was developed for 106 inhibitors of JNK3 using a training set of 21 compounds to reveal structural and chemical features necessary for these molecules to inhibit JNK3. Hypo1 consisted of two hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA), one hydrogen bond donor (HBD), and a hydrophobic (HY) feature with a correlation coefficient (r²) of 0.950. This pharmacophore model was validated using test set containing 85 inhibitors and had a good r² of 0.846. All the molecules were docked using Glide software and interestingly, all the docked conformations showed hydrogen bond interactions with important hinge region amino acids (Gln155 and Met149)and these interactions were compared with Hypo1 features. The results of ligand based pharmacophore model (LBPM)and docking studies are validated each other. The structure based pharmacophore model (SBPM) studies have identified additional features, two hydrogen bond donors and one hydrogen bond acceptor. The combination of these methodologies is useful in designing ideal pharmacophore which provides a powerful tool for the discovery of novel and selective JNK3 inhibitors.
Collapse
|
17
|
Probst GD, Bowers S, Sealy JM, Truong AP, Hom RK, Galemmo RA, Konradi AW, Sham HL, Quincy DA, Pan H, Yao N, Lin M, Tóth G, Artis DR, Zmolek W, Wong K, Qin A, Lorentzen C, Nakamura DF, Quinn KP, Sauer JM, Powell K, Ruslim L, Wright S, Chereau D, Ren Z, Anderson JP, Bard F, Yednock TA, Griswold-Prenner I. Highly selective c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 2 and 3 inhibitors with in vitro CNS-like pharmacokinetic properties prevent neurodegeneration. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:315-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
18
|
A scanning peptide array approach uncovers association sites within the JNK/beta arrestin signalling complex. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:3310-6. [PMID: 19782076 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Beta arrestins are molecular scaffolds that can bring together three-component mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling modules to promote signal compartmentalisation. We use peptide array technology to define novel interfaces between components within the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/beta arrestin signalling complex. We show that beta arrestin 1 and beta arrestin 2 associate with JNK3 via the kinase N-terminal domain in a region that, surprisingly, does not harbour a known 'common docking' motif. In the N-domain and C-terminus of beta arrestin 1 and beta arrestin 2 we identify two novel apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 binding sites and in the N-domain of the beta arrestin 1 and beta arrestin 2 we identify a novel MKK4 docking site.
Collapse
|
19
|
Metabolites of sesamin, a major lignan in sesame seeds, induce neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells through activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 116:841-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
20
|
Shin Y, Chen W, Habel J, Duckett D, Ling YY, Koenig M, He Y, Vojkovsky T, LoGrasso P, Kamenecka TM. Synthesis and SAR of piperazine amides as novel c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:3344-7. [PMID: 19433357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors were designed and developed from a high-throughput-screening hit. Through the optimization of the piperazine amide 1, several potent compounds were discovered. The X-ray crystal structure of 4g showed a unique binding mode different from other well known JNK3 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youseung Shin
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #A2A, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Krishnamoorthy RR, Rao VR, Dauphin R, Prasanna G, Johnson C, Yorio T. Role of the ETB receptor in retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 86:380-93. [PMID: 18516102 DOI: 10.1139/y08-040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent observations suggest that the vasoactive peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) may be an important contributor to the etiology of glaucoma. ET-1 administration has been shown to produce optic nerve axonal loss and apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells. Ocular ET-1 levels are elevated in aqueous humor in response to elevated intraocular pressure both in glaucoma patients and in animal models of glaucoma; however, the precise mechanisms by which ET-1 mediates glaucomatous optic neuropathy are not clear. Presently we report that ET-1-mediated apoptosis was markedly attenuated in ETB receptor-deficient rats, suggesting a key role for ETB receptors in apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells by ET-1 treatment. Using virally transformed rat retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5 cells), we found that ET-1 (100 nmol/L) treatment produced apoptotic changes in these cells that was determined by flow cytometric analyses, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c to the cytosol, and increased phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Pretreatment with the ETB-receptor antagonist BQ788 (1 micromol/L) was able to significantly attenuate ET-1-mediated apoptosis in RGC-5 cells. ET-1-mediated apoptotic changes in RGC-5 cells were associated with ETB-receptor activation and were accompanied by a significant upregulation of ETB-receptor expression. These studies suggest that ocular ET-1 acts through ETB receptors to mediate apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells, a key event in glaucoma and related optic neuropathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghu R Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, UNT Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sun YF, Pei DS, Zhang QX, Zhang GY. Neuroprotection of GST, an extract of traditional Chinese herb, against ischemic brain injury induced by transient brain ischemia and reperfusion in rat hippocampus. Neurol Res 2008; 30:471-5. [PMID: 18953737 DOI: 10.1179/174313208x289507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of GST, an extract of Chinese traditional herb, on transient brain ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal cell death. Immunoblotting was used to detect the phosphorylation of MLK, JNK and c-jun. Transient (15 minutes) brain ischemia was induced by the four-vessel occlusion in Sprague-Dawley rats. GST was administrated to the SD rats 20 minutes before ischemia or 1 hour after ischemia. Our data showed that the pretreatment of GST could inhibit phosphorylation of MLK, JNK and c-jun. Moreover, GST showed potent neuroprotective effects on ischemic brain damage in vivo and administration of it 1 hour after ischemia also achieved the protective effects. These results indicate that GST has a prominent neuroprotection action against brain ischemic damage and provides a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Feng Sun
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sheridan DL, Kong Y, Parker SA, Dalby KN, Turk BE. Substrate discrimination among mitogen-activated protein kinases through distinct docking sequence motifs. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:19511-20. [PMID: 18482985 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m801074200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) mediate cellular responses to a wide variety of extracellular stimuli. MAPK signal transduction cascades are tightly regulated, and individual MAPKs display exquisite specificity in recognition of their target substrates. All MAPK family members share a common phosphorylation site motif, raising questions as to how substrate specificity is achieved. Here we describe a peptide library screen to identify sequence requirements of the DEF site (docking site for ERK FXF), a docking motif separate from the phosphorylation site. We show that MAPK isoforms recognize DEF sites with unique sequences and identify two key residues on the MAPK that largely dictate sequence specificity. Based on these observations and computational docking studies, we propose a revised model for MAPK interaction with substrates containing DEF sites. Variations in DEF site sequence requirements provide one possible mechanism for encoding complex target specificity among MAPK isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas L Sheridan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pan J, Wang G, Yang HQ, Hong Z, Xiao Q, Ren RJ, Zhou HY, Bai L, Chen SD. K252a prevents nigral dopaminergic cell death induced by 6-hydroxydopamine through inhibition of both mixed-lineage kinase 3/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) and apoptosis-inducing kinase 1/JNK3 signaling pathways. Mol Pharmacol 2007; 72:1607-18. [PMID: 17855652 DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.038463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway plays a pivotal role in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced unilateral lesion in the nigrostriatal system. Our recent studies have shown that mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) and apoptosis-inducing kinase 1 (ASK1) are all involved in neuronal cell death induced by ischemia, which is mediated by the MLK3/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) and ASK1/JNK signaling pathway. To investigate whether these pathways are correlated with 6-OHDA-induced lesion as well, we examined the phosphorylation of MLK3, ASK1, and JNK3 in 6-OHDA rats. The results showed that both MLK3 and ASK1 could activate JNK3 and then subsequently enhance the neuronal death through its downstream pathways (i.e., nuclear and non-nuclear pathway). K252a have wide-range effects including Trk inhibition, MLK3 inhibition, and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase signaling pathways through interactions with distinct targets and is a well known neuroprotective compound. We found that K252a could protect dopaminergic neurons against cell program death induced by 6-OHDA lesion, and the phenotypes of 6-OHDA rat model treated with K252a were partial rescued. The inhibition of K252a on the activation of MLK3/JNK3 and ASK1/JNK3 provided a link between 6-OHDA lesion and stress-activated kinases. It suggested that both proapoptotic MLK3/JNK3 and ASK1/JNK3 cascade may play an important role in dopaminergic neuronal death in 6-OHDA insult. Thus, the JNK3 signaling may eventually emerge as a prime target for novel therapeutic approaches to treatment of Parkinson disease, and K252a may serve as a potential and important neuroprotectant in therapeutic aspect in Parkinson disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Institute, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
AS601245, a c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, reduces axon/dendrite damage and cognitive deficits after global cerebral ischaemia in gerbils. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 153:157-63. [PMID: 18026128 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Based on their proven ability, in animal models of stroke, to reduce damage to brain grey matter, many drugs have been tested in clinical trials but without success. Failure to save axons from injury and to protect functional outcome has been proposed as the major reason for this lack of success. We have previously demonstrated in two rodent models of cerebral ischaemia, that AS601245 (1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl (2-([2-(3-pyridinyl) ethyl] amino)-4 pyrimidinyl) acetonitrile), an inhibitor of the c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), has neuroprotective properties. The aim of the present study was to further investigate if AS601245 in addition to its ability to protect neurons also could protect neurites and preserve memory after cerebral ischaemia, in gerbils. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using immunohistochemical techniques and a behavioural test, we studied the effect of the compound AS601245 on neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits after global cerebral ischaemia in gerbils. KEY RESULTS At a dose of 80 mg kg(-1), i.p., AS601245 reduced damage to neurites by 67% (P<0.001 versus controls) and activation of astrocytes by 84% (P<0.001 versus controls). In addition, AS601245 (80 mg kg(-1), i.p.) prevented ischaemia-induced impairment of memory in the inhibitory avoidance task model. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The present results suggest that AS601245 reduced damage to neurites and decreased astrogliosis following global ischaemia and also improved long-term memory, supporting JNK inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for ischaemic insults to the CNS.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang R, Duckett D, Chen W, Habel J, Ling YY, LoGrasso P, Kamenecka TM. 3,5-Disubstituted quinolines as novel c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:6378-82. [PMID: 17911023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Revised: 08/21/2007] [Accepted: 08/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The structure-based design and synthesis of a novel series of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors with selectivity against p38 is reported. The unique structure of 3,5-disubstituted quinolines (2) was developed from the previously reported 4-(2,7-phenanthrolin-9-yl)phenol (1). The X-ray crystal structure of 16a in JNK3 reveals an unexpected binding mode for this new scaffold with protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Scripps Florida, 5353 Parkside Drive, RF-2, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hung AY, Schwarzschild MA. Clinical trials for neuroprotection in Parkinson??s disease: overcoming angst and futility? Curr Opin Neurol 2007; 20:477-83. [PMID: 17620885 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0b013e32826388d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize recently published results of neuroprotection trials for Parkinson's disease, and discuss them in the context of evolving concepts in clinical study design and animal models. RECENT FINDINGS Despite compelling preclinical evidence from laboratory models suggesting potential neuroprotective benefits, the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antiexcitotoxic, immunomodulatory and neurotrophic agents studied to date have not shown clear benefit in human studies. The futility study design, an alternative approach focused on efficiently excluding less promising compounds, has been adopted recently to investigate four candidate neuroprotectants. A delayed-start trial design has also been introduced in a study of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor rasagiline, demonstrating a possible neuroprotective effect as well as its clear symptomatic benefit. In parallel with these clinical innovations, preclinical research initiatives are identifying new animal models that more closely resemble the clinical course and pathology of Parkinson's disease. SUMMARY Angst over disappointing results of neuroprotection trials in Parkinson's disease has engendered efforts to refine animal models at one end of the therapeutics pipeline, and to optimize clinical trial design at the other. Building on new insights into the genetics, epidemiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, these recent improvements in 'translational infrastructure' will enhance the prospects of achieving the critical goal of slowing the progression of disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Y Hung
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ijjaali I, Petitet F, Dubus E, Barberan O, Michel A. Assessing potency of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) inhibitors using 2D molecular descriptors and binary QSAR methodology. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4256-64. [PMID: 17451961 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Revised: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
JNK3 signaling pathway is gaining interest due to its involvement in many neurological disorders. The purpose of this study was to explore for the first time the use of a large and diverse dataset in combination with binary QSAR methodology for predicting JNK3 activity class. Data were extracted from Aureus Pharma' AurSCOPE Kinase knowledge database and active or inactive classes were assigned to ligands based on IC50 biological activity. Two sets of 2D molecular descriptors (P_VSA and BCUT) were used to build models using different biological activity thresholds. The design of the models was preceded by the evaluation of the chemical space covered by the datasets and an assessment of its chemical diversity. The best model was found using a 100 nM IC50 threshold with surface-based P_VSA descriptors. This binary QSAR model reached an overall accuracy of 98% and a leave-one-out cross-validated accuracy of 94%. Most relevant descriptors were found to encode size and hydrophobic interactions. These derived models can be useful for screening chemical libraries in the search for new JNK3 inhibitors.
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhao J, Pei DS, Zhang QG, Zhang GY. Down-regulation Cdc42 attenuates neuronal apoptosis through inhibiting MLK3/JNK3 cascade during ischemic reperfusion in rat hippocampus. Cell Signal 2007; 19:831-43. [PMID: 17161586 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2006] [Revised: 10/21/2006] [Accepted: 10/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
JNK signaling pathway is activated and involved in the selective neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 subfield following cerebral ischemia. However, little is known about upstream partner controlling the pathway. Here we reported that ischemia/reperfusion significantly elevated Cdc42 activity, enhanced assembly of the Cdc42-MLK3 complex and activation of JNK pathway. Most importantly, knock-down endogenous Cdc42 selectively suppressed the MLK3/MKK7/JNK3 cascade, and subsequently blocked the phosphorylation of c-Jun and FasL expression. Meanwhile, Bcl-2 was inactivated and the release of cytochrome c was diminished. These alterations eventually perturbed the caspase-3 activation as well as post-ischemic neuronal cell death. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that Cdc42 serves as an upstream activator and modulates JNK-mediated apoptosis machinery in vivo, which ultimately results in neuronal apoptosis via nuclear and non-nuclear pathways. Thus, Cdc42 may be a potential therapeutic target in ischemic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang QG, Wu DN, Han D, Zhang GY. Critical role of PTEN in the coupling between PI3K/Akt and JNK1/2 signaling in ischemic brain injury. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:495-505. [PMID: 17239858 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
JNK pathway is an important pro-apoptotic kinase cascade mediating cell death in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli including excitotoxicity, which results in selective and delayed neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1. On the contrary, activation of the protein kinase Akt, which is controlled by the opposing actions of PI3K and PTEN, contributes to enhanced resistance to apoptosis through multiple mechanisms. We here demonstrate that the temporal pattern of Akt activation reversely correlates with JNK1/2 activation following various time points of ischemic reperfusion. However, the activation of JNK1/2 could be decreased by the elevation of Akt activation via increasing the tyrosine phosphorylation of PTEN by bpv(pic), a potent PTPases inhibitor for PTEN, or by intracerebroventricular infusion of PTEN antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs). In contrast, JNK1/2 activation was significantly increased by preventing PTEN degradation after pretreatment with proteasome inhibitor. The neuroprotective effects of bpv(pic) and PTEN AS-ODNs were significant in the CA1 subfield after transient global ischemia. In conclusion, the present results clearly show that PTEN plays a key regulatory role in the cross-talk between cell survival PI3K/Akt pathway and pro-death JNK pathway, and raise a new possibility that agents targeting phosphatase PTEN may offer a great promise to expand the therapeutic options in protecting neurons form ischemic brain damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Guang Zhang
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical College, 84 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Brooks PJ. The case for 8,5'-cyclopurine-2'-deoxynucleosides as endogenous DNA lesions that cause neurodegeneration in xeroderma pigmentosum. Neuroscience 2006; 145:1407-17. [PMID: 17184928 PMCID: PMC2430073 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Revised: 09/28/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patients with the genetic disease xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) lack the capacity to carry out a specific type of DNA repair process called nucleotide excision repair (NER). The NER pathway plays a critical role in the repair of DNA damage resulting from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. A subset of XP patients develops a profound neurodegenerative condition known as XP neurological disease. Robbins and colleagues [Andrews A, Barrett S, Robbins J (1978) Xeroderma pigmentosum neurological abnormalities correlate with the colony forming ability after ultraviolet irradiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 75:1984-1988] hypothesized that since UV light cannot reach into the human brain, XP neurological disease results from some form of endogenous DNA damage that is normally repaired by the NER pathway. In the absence of NER, the damage accumulates, causing neuronal death by blocking transcription. In this manuscript, I consider the evidence that a particular class of oxidative DNA lesions, the 8,5'-cyclopurine-2'-deoxynucleosides, fulfills many of the criteria expected of neurodegenerative DNA lesions in XP. Specifically, these lesions are chemically stable, endogenous DNA lesions that are repaired by the NER pathway but not by any other known process, and strongly block transcription by RNA polymerase II in cells from XP patients. A similar set of criteria might be used to evaluate other candidate DNA lesions responsible for neurological diseases resulting from defects in other DNA repair mechanisms as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J Brooks
- Section on Molecular Neurobiology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 3S32, MSC 9412, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang QG, Han D, Xu J, Lv Q, Wang R, Yin XH, Xu TL, Zhang GY. Ischemic preconditioning negatively regulates plenty of SH3s-mixed lineage kinase 3-Rac1 complex and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 signaling via activation of Akt. Neuroscience 2006; 143:431-44. [PMID: 16973299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2006] [Revised: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Activation of Akt/protein kinase B has been recently reported to play an important role in ischemic tolerance. We here demonstrate that the decreased protein expression and phosphorylation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) underlie the increased Akt-Ser-473 phosphorylation in the hippocampal CA1 subfield in ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Co-immunoprecipitation analysis reveals that Akt physically interacts with Rac1, a small Rho family GTPase required for mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) autophosphorylation, and both this interaction and Rac1-Ser-71 phosphorylation induced by Akt are promoted in preconditioned rats. In addition, we show that Akt activation results in the disassembly of the plenty of SH3s (POSH)-MLK3-Rac1 signaling complex and down-regulation of the activation of MLK3/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. Akt activation results in decreased serine phosphorylation of 14-3-3, a cytoplasmic anchor of Bax, and prevents ischemia-induced mitochondrial translocation of Bax, release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-3. The expression of Fas ligand is also decreased in the CA1 region. Akt activation protects against apoptotic neuronal death as shown in TUNEL staining following IPC. Intracerebral infusion of LY294002 before IPC reverses the increase in Akt phosphorylation and the decrease in JNK signaling activation, as well as the neuroprotective action of IPC. Our results suggest that activation of pro-apoptotic MLK3/JNK3 cascade can be suppressed through activating anti-apoptotic phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway induced by a sublethal ischemic insult, which provides a functional link between Akt and the JNK family of stress-activated kinases in ischemic tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q-G Zhang
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical College, 84 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang QG, Wang XT, Han D, Yin XH, Zhang GY, Xu TL. Akt inhibits MLK3/JNK3 signaling by inactivating Rac1: a protective mechanism against ischemic brain injury. J Neurochem 2006; 98:1886-98. [PMID: 16831194 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04020.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The overall goal of this study was to determine the molecular basis by which mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) kinase and its signaling pathways are negatively regulated by the pro-survival Akt pathway in cerebral ischemia. We demonstrated that tyrosine phosphorylation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) underlies the increased Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation by orthovanadate. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that endogenous Akt physically interacts with Rac1 in the hippocampal CA1 region, and this interaction is promoted on tyrosine phosphatase inhibition. The elevated Akt activation can deactivate MLK3 by phosphorylation at the Ser71 residue of Rac1, a small Rho family of guanidine triphosphatases required for MLK3 autophosphorylation. Subsequently, inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) results in decreased serine phosphorylation of 14-3-3, a cytoplasmic anchor of Bax, and prevents ischemia-induced mitochondrial translocation of Bax, release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase 3. At the same time, the expression of Fas-ligand decreases in the CA1 region after inhibition of c-Jun activation. The neuroprotective effect of Akt activation is significant in the CA1 region after global cerebral ischemia. Our results suggest that the activation of the pro-apoptotic MLK3/JNK3 cascade induced by ischemic stress can be suppressed through activation of the anti-apoptotic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway, which provides a direct link between Akt and the family of stress-activated kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Guang Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang QG, Xu YL, Li HC, Han D, Zhang GY. NMDA receptor/L-VGCC-dependent expression and AMPA/KA receptor-dependent activation of c-Jun induced by cerebral ischemia in rat hippocampus. Neurosci Lett 2006; 398:268-73. [PMID: 16448753 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2005] [Revised: 01/05/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Over-activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors can cause an excessive influx of calcium ions into neurons, which subsequently triggers the degeneration and death of cells in a process known as excitotoxicity. Here, we examined the effects of modulating ionotropic glutamate receptors and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (L-VGCC) on the expression and activation of c-Jun in hippocampus of SD rats after transient global ischemia. The total protein of c-Jun was altered by ischemia-reperfusion and reached its high levels at 3-6 h of reperfusion. However, the increased expression was prevented by pretreatment of ketamine (a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors antagonist) or nifedipine (a blocker of L-VGCC), but not by 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione (DNQX), an AMPA/KA receptor antagonist. On the other hand, c-Jun phosphorylation was significantly increased 3 h after reperfusion, which was inhibited by DNQX, but not ketamine or nifedipine. AP-1 binding activity reactions were also performed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), which detected similar results as those in Western blotting. Our results clearly showed that c-Jun expression is NMDA receptor/L-VGCC-dependent and c-Jun activation is AMPA/KA receptor-dependent, which expands our knowledge of the JNK-c-Jun signaling pathway in ischemic brain damage.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/physiology
- Carotid Stenosis/complications
- Enzyme Activation
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Ischemic Attack, Transient/etiology
- Ischemic Attack, Transient/metabolism
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/biosynthesis
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Ketamine/pharmacology
- Male
- Nifedipine/pharmacology
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Binding
- Quinoxalines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, AMPA/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, AMPA/physiology
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/physiology
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology
- Reperfusion
- Transcription Factor AP-1/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Guang Zhang
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical College, 84 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|