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Marcut L, Mohan AG, Corneschi I, Grosu E, Paltanea G, Avram I, Badaluta AV, Vasilievici G, Nicolae CA, Ditu LM. Improving the Hydrophobicity of Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride for Use in an Endotracheal Tube. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7089. [PMID: 38005019 PMCID: PMC10672304 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
An endotracheal tube (ETT) is a greatly appreciated medical device at the global level with widespread application in the treatment of respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis and asthma, and in general anesthesia, to provide narcotic gases. Since an important quantitative request for cuffed ETTs was recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns about infection have risen. The plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material used to manufacture ETTs favors the attachment of microorganisms from the human biological environment and the migration of plasticizer from the polymer that feeds the microorganisms and promotes the growth of biofilms. This leads to developing infections, which means additional suffering, discomfort for patients, and increased hospital costs. In this work, we propose to modify the surfaces of some samples taken from commercial ETTs in order to develop their hydrophobic character using surface fluorination by a plasma treatment in SF6 discharge and magnetron sputtering physical evaporation from the PTFE target. Samples with surfaces thus modified were subsequently tested using XPS, ATR-FTIR, CA, SEM + EDAX, profilometry, density, Shore A hardness, TGA-DSC, and biological antimicrobial and biocompatibility properties. The obtained results demonstrate a successful increase in the hydrophobic character of the plasticized PVC samples and biocompatibility properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Marcut
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, RO-410073 Oradea, Romania; (L.M.); (A.G.M.)
- Intensive Care Unit, Clinical Emergency Hospital Oradea, 65 Gheorghe Doja Street, RO-410169 Oradea, Romania
| | - Aurel George Mohan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, RO-410073 Oradea, Romania; (L.M.); (A.G.M.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Oradea, 65 Gheorghe Doja Street, RO-410169 Oradea, Romania
| | - Iuliana Corneschi
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Elena Grosu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Gheorghe Paltanea
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ionela Avram
- Faculty of Biology, Botanic and Microbiology Department, University of Bucharest, 3, Aleea Portocalelor, District 5, Grădina Botanică, RO-050095 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.); (A.V.B.); (L.M.D.)
| | - Alexandra Valentina Badaluta
- Faculty of Biology, Botanic and Microbiology Department, University of Bucharest, 3, Aleea Portocalelor, District 5, Grădina Botanică, RO-050095 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.); (A.V.B.); (L.M.D.)
| | - Gabriel Vasilievici
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, District 6, RO-060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.V.); (C.-A.N.)
| | - Cristian-Andi Nicolae
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independenței, District 6, RO-060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.V.); (C.-A.N.)
| | - Lia Mara Ditu
- Faculty of Biology, Botanic and Microbiology Department, University of Bucharest, 3, Aleea Portocalelor, District 5, Grădina Botanică, RO-050095 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.); (A.V.B.); (L.M.D.)
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2
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Cadelis MM, Kim J, Rouvier F, Gill ES, Fraser K, Bourguet-Kondracki ML, Brunel JM, Copp BR. Exploration of Bis-Cinnamido-Polyamines as Intrinsic Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Enhancers. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1087. [PMID: 37509123 PMCID: PMC10377643 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine natural product ianthelliformisamine C is a bis-cinnamido substituted spermine derivative that exhibits intrinsic antimicrobial properties and can enhance the action of doxycycline towards the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. As part of a study to explore the structure-activity requirements of these activities, we have synthesized a set of analogues that vary in the presence/absence of methoxyl group and bromine atoms and in the polyamine chain length. Intrinsic antimicrobial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans was observed for only the longest polyamine chain examples of non-brominated analogues while all examples bearing either one or two bromine atoms were active. Weak to no activity was typically observed towards Gram-negative bacteria, with exceptions being the longest polyamine chain examples 13f, 14f and 16f against Escherichia coli (MIC 1.56, 7.2 and 5.3 µM, respectively). Many of these longer polyamine-chain analogues also exhibited cytotoxic and/or red blood cell hemolytic properties, diminishing their potential as antimicrobial lead compounds. Two of the non-toxic, non-halogenated analogues, 13b and 13d, exhibited a strong ability to enhance the action of doxycycline against P. aeruginosa, with >64-fold and >32-fold enhancement, respectively. These results suggest that any future efforts to optimize the antibiotic-enhancing properties of cinnamido-polyamines should explore a wider range of aromatic ring substituents that do not include bromine or methoxyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Cadelis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jisoo Kim
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Florent Rouvier
- Membranes et Cibles Therapeutiques (MCT), SSA, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Universite, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Evangelene S Gill
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kyle Fraser
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes, UMR 7245 CNRS, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 57 Rue Cuvier (C.P. 54), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean Michel Brunel
- Membranes et Cibles Therapeutiques (MCT), SSA, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Universite, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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3
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Investigation of α,ω-Disubstituted Polyamine-Cholic Acid Conjugates Identifies Hyodeoxycholic and Chenodeoxycholic Scaffolds as Non-Toxic, Potent Antimicrobials. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020404. [PMID: 36830315 PMCID: PMC9951859 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increased incidence of antibiotic resistance, the discovery and development of new antibacterials is of increasing importance and urgency. The report of the natural product antibiotic squalamine in 1993 has stimulated a lot of interest in the study of structurally simplified cholic acid-polyamine derivatives. We report the synthesis of a focused set of deoxycholic acid-polyamine conjugates and the identification of hyodeoxycholic acid derivatives as being potently active towards S. aureus MRSA and some fungal strains, but with no attendant cytotoxicity or hemolytic properties. Analogue 7e exhibited bactericidal activity towards a range of Gram-positive bacteria, while preliminary investigation of its mechanism of action ruled out the bacterial membrane as being a primary cellular target as determined using an ATP-release bioluminescence assay.
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Ma J, Wang C, Yin T, Jiang Y, Yu W, Zhang X, Qin Q, Yang H, Zhang D. Preparation and in Vitro Property Research of Cholic Acid Nanoparticles with Dual-functions of Hemostasis and Antibacterial. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e135437. [PMID: 38444709 PMCID: PMC10912859 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-135437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Background Hemorrhage control and anti-infection play a crucial role in promoting wound healing in trauma-related injuries. Objectives This study aimed to prepare nanoparticles with dual functions of hemostasis and antibacterial properties. Methods The dual-functional nanoparticles (CDCA-PLL NPs) were developed using a self-assembly method based on the electrostatic forces between poly-L-lysine (PLL) and Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). The physicochemical properties, hemostatic properties, and antibacterial activities were investigated. Results The prepared nanoparticles displayed a spherical structure, exhibiting a high drug loading capacity, encapsulation efficiency, and good stability. The CDCA-PLL NPs could reduce the hemolysis caused by PLL and promote the proliferation of human fibroblasts, indicating excellent biosafety. Moreover, CDCA-PLL NPs demonstrated a shorter in vivo hemostasis time and reduced blood loss in mouse tail vein hemorrhage, femoral vein hemorrhage, femoral artery hemorrhage, and liver hemorrhage models. Also, CDCA-PLL NPs showed excellent antibacterial efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus. Conclusions CDCA-PLL NPs have great potential to be extensively applied as a hemostatic and antibacterial agent in various clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ma
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Ultrasonics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tieying Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanjun Yu
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Dechuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Wesseling CJ, Martin NI. Synergy by Perturbing the Gram-Negative Outer Membrane: Opening the Door for Gram-Positive Specific Antibiotics. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1731-1757. [PMID: 35946799 PMCID: PMC9469101 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
New approaches to target antibacterial agents toward Gram-negative bacteria are key, given the rise of antibiotic resistance. Since the discovery of polymyxin B nonapeptide as a potent Gram-negative outer membrane (OM)-permeabilizing synergist in the early 1980s, a vast amount of literature on such synergists has been published. This Review addresses a range of peptide-based and small organic compounds that disrupt the OM to elicit a synergistic effect with antibiotics that are otherwise inactive toward Gram-negative bacteria, with synergy defined as a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of <0.5. Another requirement for the inclusion of the synergists here covered is their potentiation of a specific set of clinically used antibiotics: erythromycin, rifampicin, novobiocin, or vancomycin. In addition, we have focused on those synergists with reported activity against Gram-negative members of the ESKAPE family of pathogens namely, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and/or Acinetobacter baumannii. In cases where the FICI values were not directly reported in the primary literature but could be calculated from the published data, we have done so, allowing for more direct comparison of potency with other synergists. We also address the hemolytic activity of the various OM-disrupting synergists reported in the literature, an effect that is often downplayed but is of key importance in assessing the selectivity of such compounds for Gram-negative bacteria.
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Mammari N, Salles E, Beaussart A, El-Kirat-Chatel S, Varbanov M. Squalamine and Its Aminosterol Derivatives: Overview of Biological Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Compounds with Multiple Therapeutic Applications. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061205. [PMID: 35744723 PMCID: PMC9229800 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Squalamine is a natural aminosterol that has been discovered in the tissues of the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias). Studies have previously demonstrated that this promoter compound and its derivatives exhibit potent bactericidal activity against Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria, and multidrug-resistant bacteria. The antibacterial activity of squalamine was found to correlate with that of other antibiotics, such as colistin and polymyxins. Still, in the field of microbiology, evidence has shown that squalamine and its derivatives have antifungal activity, antiprotozoa effect against a limited list of protozoa, and could exhibit antiviral activity against both RNA- and DNA-enveloped viruses. Furthermore, squalamine and its derivatives have been identified as being antiangiogenic compounds in the case of several types of cancers and induce a potential positive effect in the case of other diseases such as experimental retinopathy and Parkinson's disease. Given the diverse effects of the squalamine and its derivatives, in this review we provide the different advances in our understanding of the various effects of these promising molecules and try to draw up a non-exhaustive list of the different mechanisms of actions of squalamine and its derivatives on the human organism and on different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Mammari
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (N.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Elsa Salles
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (N.M.); (E.S.)
| | | | | | - Mihayl Varbanov
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France; (N.M.); (E.S.)
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU de Nancy Brabois, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Correspondence:
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Kazakova O, Giniyatullina G, Babkov D, Wimmer Z. From Marine Metabolites to the Drugs of the Future: Squalamine, Trodusquemine, Their Steroid and Triterpene Analogues. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031075. [PMID: 35162998 PMCID: PMC8834734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively describes the recent advances in the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of steroid polyamines squalamine, trodusquemine, ceragenins, claramine, and their diverse analogs and derivatives, with a special focus on their complete synthesis from cholic acids, as well as an antibacterial and antiviral, neuroprotective, antiangiogenic, antitumor, antiobesity and weight-loss activity, antiatherogenic, regenerative, and anxiolytic properties. Trodusquemine is the most-studied small-molecule allosteric PTP1B inhibitor. The discovery of squalamine as the first representative of a previously unknown class of natural antibiotics of animal origin stimulated extensive research of terpenoids (especially triterpenoids) comprising polyamine fragments. During the last decade, this new class of biologically active semisynthetic natural product derivatives demonstrated the possibility to form supramolecular networks, which opens up many possibilities for the use of such structures for drug delivery systems in serum or other body fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Kazakova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, UFA Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Gulnara Giniyatullina
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, UFA Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Oktyabrya, 450054 Ufa, Russia;
| | - Denis Babkov
- Laboratory of Metabotropic Drugs, Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Novorossiyskaya St. 39, 400087 Volgograd, Russia;
| | - Zdenek Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technicka’ 5, Prague 6, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Flores Clavo R, Ruiz Quiñones N, Hernández-Tasco ÁJ, José Salvador M, Tasca Gois Ruiz AL, de Oliveira Braga LE, Henrique Costa J, Pacheco Fill T, Arce Gil ZL, Serquen Lopez LM, Fantinatti Garboggini F. Evaluation of antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of Actinobacteria isolated from the saline lagoons of northwestern Peru. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0240946. [PMID: 34495972 PMCID: PMC8425546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme environments Morrope and Bayovar Salt lagoons, several ecosystems and microhabitats remain unexplored, and little is known about the diversity of Actinobacteria. We suggest that the endemic bacteria present in this extreme environment is a source of active molecules with anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic properties. Using phenotypic and genotypic characterization techniques, including 16S rRNA sequencing, we identified these bacteria as members of the genera Streptomyces, Pseudonocardia, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas. Actinobacteria strains were found predominantly. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 13 Actinobacteria clusters of Streptomyces, the main genus. Three Streptomycetes, strains MW562814, MW562805, and MW562807 showed antiproliferative activities against three tumor cell lines: U251 glioma, MCF7 breast, and NCI-H460 lung (non-small cell type); and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, and the multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AC-972. The antiproliferative activities (measured as total growth inhibition [TGI]) of Streptomyces sp. MW562807 were 0.57 μg/mL, for 0.61 μg/mL, and 0.80 μg/mL for glioma, lung non-small cell type, and breast cancer cell lines, respectively; the methanolic fraction of the crude extract showed a better antiproliferative activity and could inhibit the growth of (U251 (TGI = 38.3 μg/mL), OVCAR-03 (TGI = 62.1 μg/mL), and K562 (TGI = 81.5 μg/mL)) of nine tumor cells types and one nontumor cell type. Extreme enviroments, such as the Morrope and Bayovar Salt saloons are promising sources of new bacteria, whose compounds may be useful for treating various infectious diseases or even some types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Flores Clavo
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Pluridisciplinary Research Center (CPQBA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Paulínia, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Center and Innovation and Sciences Actives Multidisciplinary (CIICAM), Chiclayo, Lambayeque, Perú
- * E-mail:
| | - Nataly Ruiz Quiñones
- Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Pluridisciplinary Research Center (CPQBA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Paulínia, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Center and Innovation and Sciences Actives Multidisciplinary (CIICAM), Chiclayo, Lambayeque, Perú
| | - Álvaro Jose Hernández-Tasco
- Department of Plant Biology Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology Campinas, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Department of Plant Biology Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology Campinas, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhandra Lizeth Arce Gil
- Catholic University Santo Toribio of Mogrovejo, Facultity of Human Medicine, Chiclayo, Lambayeque, Perú
| | - Luis Miguel Serquen Lopez
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Center and Innovation and Sciences Actives Multidisciplinary (CIICAM), Chiclayo, Lambayeque, Perú
- Direction of Investigation Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo, Lambayeque, Perú
| | - Fabiana Fantinatti Garboggini
- Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Pluridisciplinary Research Center (CPQBA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Paulínia, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rashid SA, Norman N, Teo SH, Tong WY, Leong CR, Tan WN, Noor MAM. Cholic acid: a novel steroidal uncompetitive inhibitor against β-lactamase produced by multidrug-resistant isolates. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:152. [PMID: 34398332 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
β-lactam antibiotics are the most frequently prescribed class of drugs worldwide, due to its efficacy and good safety profile. However, the emergence of β-lactamase producing bacterial strains eliminated the use of β-lactam antibiotics as a chemotherapeutic choice. To restore their usability, a non-antibiotic adjuvant in conjunction with β-lactam antibiotics is now being utilised. Cholic acid potentially acts as an adjuvant since it can blunt the pro-inflammatory activity in human. Our main objective is to scrutinise the inhibition of β-lactamase-producing bacteria by adjuvant cholic acid, synergism of the test drugs and the primary mechanism of enzymatic reaction. Antibacterial effect of the cholic acid-ampicillin (CA-AMP) on 7 β-lactamase positive isolates were evaluated accordingly to disc diffusion assay, antibiotic susceptibility test, as well as checkerboard analysis. Then, all activities were compared with ampicillin alone, penicillin alone, cholic acid alone and cholic acid-penicillin combination. The CA-AMP displayed notable antibiotic activity on all test bacteria and depicted synergistic influence by representing low fractional inhibitory concentration index (FIC ≤ 0.5). According to kinetic analyses, CA-AMP behaved as an uncompetitive inhibitor against beta lactamase, with reducing values of Michaelis constant (Km) and maximal velocity (Vmax) recorded. The inhibitor constant (Ki) of CA-AMP was equal to 4.98 ± 0.3 µM, which slightly lower than ampicillin (5.00 ± 0.1 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Syarifah Ab Rashid
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Norhaswanie Norman
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hway Teo
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Woei Yenn Tong
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia.
| | - Chean Ring Leong
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Wen-Nee Tan
- Chemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azizan Mohd Noor
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
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10
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Mishra R, Mishra S. Updates in bile acid-bioactive molecule conjugates and their applications. Steroids 2020; 159:108639. [PMID: 32222373 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bile acid conjugates are emerging as important chemical resources due to their low cost and wide availability of bile acids, making them privileged molecules in drug carrier systems and building blocks for derivatization and chiral template introduction into bioactive molecules. In recent years, bile acids as scaffolds in supramolecular, medicinal, and material chemistry attracted prime focus of researchers as an area of research to be followed with passion. Due to peculiar physicochemical and biological properties, bile acid exhibited various applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. In this review, the bile acid conjugations with different bioactive compounds have been discussed to understand their influence on the bioavailability of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roli Mishra
- Department of Physical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Satyendra Mishra
- Department of Physical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India.
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11
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Betts JW, Roth P, Pattrick CA, Southam HM, La Ragione RM, Poole RK, Schatzschneider U. Antibacterial activity of Mn(I) and Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes conjugated to a bile acid carrier molecule. Metallomics 2020; 12:1563-1575. [PMID: 32856674 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A bifunctional cholic acid-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (bpa) ligand featuring an amide linker was coordinated to a manganese(i) or rhenium(i) tricarbonyl moiety to give [M(bpacholamide)(CO)3] with M = Mn, Re in good yield and very high purity. Strong antibacterial activity was observed against four strains of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range of 2-3.5 μM. No difference in response was observed for the MSSA vs. MRSA strains. Activity was also independent of the nature of the metal center, as the Mn and Re complexes showed essentially identical MIC values. In contrast to some other metal carbonyl complexes, the activity seems to be unrelated to the release of carbon monoxide, as photoactivation of the Mn complex reduced the potency by a factor of 2-8. Both metal complexes were non-toxic in Galleria mellonella larvae at concentrations of up to 100× the MIC value. In vivo testing in Galleria larvae infected with MRSA/MSSA demonstrated a significant increase in overall survival rates from 46% in the control to 88% in the group treated with the metal complexes. ICP-MS analysis showed that the Mn and Re cholamide complexes are efficiently internalized by E. coli cells and do not interfere with membrane integrity, as evident from a lack of release of intracellular ATP. An increased sensitivity was observed in acrB, acrD, and mdt mutants that are defective in multidrug exporters, indicating that the compounds have an intracellular mechanism of action. Furthermore, E. coli mntP mutants defective in the gene encoding an Mn exporter were more sensitive than the wildtype, while inactivation of the regulator that controls expression of the Mn uptake proteins MntP and MntH slightly increased sensitivity to the compound. Single knockout mutants defective in genes linked to bile salt and oxidative stress response (dinF, yiaH, sodA, katE, and soxS) did not show increased sensitivity relative to the wild type. Overall, neither the cholic acid moiety nor the metal-carbonyl fragment alone appear to be responsible for the biological activity observed and thus the search for the primary intracellular target continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jono W Betts
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Patrick Roth
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Calum A Pattrick
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah M Southam
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Roberto M La Ragione
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Robert K Poole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Ulrich Schatzschneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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12
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Grbović LM, Pavlović KJ, Jovanović-Šanta SS, Vasiljević BR. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Bile Acids Derivatives: An Overview. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190213114104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
:
The first attempts at microwave-assisted (MW) syntheses of bile acid derivatives
were performed in domestic MW appliances. However, the reproducibility of these
syntheses, which were performed in uncontrolled conditions, was very low. In the first
part of this overview, compounds synthesized under such conditions are presented. Consequently,
with the development of MW technology, MW-assisted reactions in MW reactors
became reproducible. Thus, in the second part of this review, syntheses of bile acidsbased
compounds in MW reactors are presented. Among others, publications dealing with
the following topics will be covered:
:
− Chemical transformations of hydroxyl and/or carboxyl functions of bile acids into
esters or amides,
:
− Hydroxyl group oxidations,
:
− Derivatization of oxo-compounds with different nitrogen-containing compounds (e.g. 4-amino-3-
substituted-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiones, thiocarbohydrazides and thiosemicarbazides)
:
Bile acid-based molecular tweezers, capable of stereospecific molecular recognition
:
Reactions of hydroxyl functions to give chlorine derivatives, presenting reactive intermediates in substitution
reactions with N- or O-containing nucleophilic arylhydrazides, urea derivatives, substituted thiadiazoles or
triazoles or amino acid methyl esters, mainly in solvent-free conditions.
:
Some of the synthesized compounds expressed antimicrobial potential and/or good recognition properties as
artificial receptors for specific amino acids or anions.
:
Detailed comparisons between conventional and MW-assisted procedures for chemical transformations of bile
acids are given in most of the presented publications. Based on these results, MW irradiation methods are simpler,
more efficient, cleaner and faster than conventional synthetic methods, meeting the requirements of green
chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubica M. Grbović
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ksenija J. Pavlović
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Suzana S. Jovanović-Šanta
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Bojana R. Vasiljević
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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13
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Ali SM, Siddiqui R, Ong SK, Shah MR, Anwar A, Heard PJ, Khan NA. Identification and characterization of antibacterial compound(s) of cockroaches (Periplaneta americana). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:253-286. [PMID: 27743045 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases remain a significant threat to human health, contributing to more than 17 million deaths, annually. With the worsening trends of drug resistance, there is a need for newer and more powerful antimicrobial agents. We hypothesized that animals living in polluted environments are potential sources of antimicrobials. Under polluted milieus, organisms such as cockroaches encounter different types of microbes, including superbugs. Such creatures survive the onslaught of superbugs and are able to ward off disease by producing antimicrobial substances. Here, we characterized antibacterial properties in extracts of various body organs of cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) and showed potent antibacterial activity in crude brain extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and neuropathogenic Escherichia coli K1. The size-exclusion spin columns revealed that the active compound(s) are less than 10 kDa in molecular mass. Using cytotoxicity assays, it was observed that pre-treatment of bacteria with lysates inhibited bacteria-mediated host cell cytotoxicity. Using spectra obtained with LC-MS on Agilent 1290 infinity liquid chromatograph, coupled with an Agilent 6460 triple quadruple mass spectrometer, tissues lysates were analysed. Among hundreds of compounds, only a few homologous compounds were identified that contained the isoquinoline group, chromene derivatives, thiazine groups, imidazoles, pyrrole-containing analogs, sulfonamides, furanones, and flavanones and known to possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, and analgesic properties. Further identification, characterization, and functional studies using individual compounds can act as a breakthrough in developing novel therapeutics against various pathogens including superbugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Mansur Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Seng-Kai Ong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Peter J Heard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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14
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Bactericidal Activity of Ceragenin CSA-13 in Cell Culture and in an Animal Model of Peritoneal Infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:6274-82. [PMID: 26248361 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00653-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceragenins constitute a novel family of cationic antibiotics characterized by a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, which have mostly been assessed in vitro. Using a polarized human lung epithelial cell culture system, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of the ceragenin CSA-13 against two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1 and Xen5). Additionally, the biodistribution and bactericidal activity of a CSA-13-IRDye 800CW derivate were assessed using an animal model of peritoneal infection after PAO1 challenge. In cell culture, CSA-13 bactericidal activities against PAO1 and Xen5 were higher than the activities of the human cathelicidin peptide LL-37. Increased CSA-13 activity was observed in polarized human lung epithelial cell cultures subjected to butyric acid treatment, which is known to increase endogenous LL-37 production. Eight hours after intravenous or intraperitoneal injection, the greatest CSA-13-IRDye 800CW accumulation was observed in mouse liver and kidneys. CSA-13-IRDye 800CW administration resulted in decreased bacterial outgrowth from abdominal fluid collected from animals subjected to intraperitoneal PAO1 infection. These observations indicate that CSA-13 may synergistically interact with antibacterial factors that are naturally present at mucosal surfaces and it maintains its antibacterial activity in the infected abdominal cavity. Cationic lipids such as CSA-13 represent excellent candidates for the development of new antibacterial compounds.
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15
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Kim HS, Jadhav JR, Jung SJ, Kwak JH. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of imidazole and pyridine appended cholestane-based conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4315-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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16
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Adaptive and mutational resistance: role of porins and efflux pumps in drug resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2013; 25:661-81. [PMID: 23034325 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00043-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The substantial use of antibiotics in the clinic, combined with a dearth of new antibiotic classes, has led to a gradual increase in the resistance of bacterial pathogens to these compounds. Among the various mechanisms by which bacteria endure the action of antibiotics, those affecting influx and efflux are of particular importance, as they limit the interaction of the drug with its intracellular targets and, consequently, its deleterious effects on the cell. This review evaluates the impact of porins and efflux pumps on two major types of resistance, namely, mutational and adaptive types of resistance, both of which are regarded as key phenomena in the global rise of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic microorganisms. In particular, we explain how adaptive and mutational events can dramatically influence the outcome of antibiotic therapy by altering the mechanisms of influx and efflux of antibiotics. The identification of porins and pumps as major resistance markers has opened new possibilities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies directed specifically against these mechanisms.
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17
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Increase of leishmanicidal and tubercular activities using steroids linked to aminoquinoline. Org Med Chem Lett 2012; 2:16. [PMID: 22551300 PMCID: PMC3566914 DOI: 10.1186/2191-2858-2-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates were synthesized based on the fact that steroid transporters have been shown to accept and carry a variety of drugs. So, in continuing our research of antileishmanial and antitubercular drugs, aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates (12, 13, and 14) were regioselectively synthesized via 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition of alkynes 3, 5, and 7 with azide 12. The aminoquinoline/steroids conjugates were evaluated in vitro against Leishmania major and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RESULTS Regioselective synthesis of the novel aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates was achieved in very high yield. All aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates (12, 13, and 14) exhibited best results against Leishmania and M. tuberculosis than the respective alkyne intermediate structures (3, 5, and 7, respectively). Among them, the compound 12 exhibited the best activity for M. tuberculosis (MIC = 8.8 μM). This result is comparable to drugs commonly used in tuberculosis treatment. Also, for antileishmanial assay, the aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates demonstrated a significant activity against promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major. CONCLUSIONS Addition of a steroid group to aminoquinoline molecules enhanced the leishmanicidal and antitubercular activities. These results highlight the importance of steroids as carrier.
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18
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Preparation and characterization of uniform drug particles: Dehydrocholic acid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 368:625-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Wonkchalee O, Boonmars T, Kaewkes S, Chamgramol Y, Aromdee C, Wu Z, Juasook A, Sudsarn P, Boonjaraspinyo S, Pairojkul C. Comparative studies on animal models for Opisthorchis viverrini infection: host interaction through susceptibility and pathology. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:1213-23. [PMID: 21881946 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Syrian hamsters and gerbils are animal models for Opisthorchis viverrini infection. In both models, the parasites develop into adults with different pathologies of the hepatobiliary system. However, no comparative pathological studies have yet been completed. We therefore investigated host interaction through the susceptibility and pathological changes of Syrian hamsters and gerbils infected with 50 O. viverrini metacercariae for 30, 60, and 90 days post-infection. Animals were sacrificed at each time point for comparative study. Susceptibility and infectivity were investigated through worm burden. Parasite morphology and reproductive organs were stained with carmine and observed under light microscopy. Reproductive organs and eggs per worm were counted to confirm worm maturity. Bile acid components of both animal groups were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. The results showed that infection in gerbils was of greater severity than in Syrian hamsters by observation of bile obstruction, enlargement of the gallbladder and common bile duct, and generation of fibrosis and cirrhosis. The worm burden of infected gerbils was lower than that observed in Syrian hamsters. Infectivity in both Syrian hamsters and gerbils was 100% with infection by 50 metacercariae; whereas with 10 metacercariae, the infectivity in gerbils was zero to very low, but still 100% in Syrian hamsters. The largest body size of worms, and the largest ovary and testes areas, was correlated with eggs per gram of feces and eggs per worm. The bile acid components cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid were undetectable in gerbils. The present study suggests that although Syrian hamsters, usually the host selection for an animal model, are susceptible to O. viverrini infection, infected gerbils produce worms that mature more rapidly, have larger body sizes, and more fully developed reproductive organs; this may be caused by the difference in bile acid components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orasa Wonkchalee
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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20
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Huang Y, Chen S, Cui J, Gan C, Liu Z, Wei Y, Song H. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of A-homo-lactam derivatives of cholic acid and 7-deoxycholic acid. Steroids 2011; 76:690-4. [PMID: 21440565 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Using cholic acid and deoxycholic acid as starting materials, a series of 3-aza-A-homo-4-one bile acid and 7-deoxycholic acid derivatives were synthesized by the esterification, oxidation, reduction, oximation and Beckman rearrangement etc. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds against MGC 7901 (human ventriculi carcinoma cell line), hela (human cervical carcinoma cell line), SMMC 7404 (human liver carcinoma cell line) were investigated. The results showed that bile acid and 7-deoxycholic-acid derivatives with 3-aza-A-homo-4-one configuration bearing a 6-hydroximino or 12-hydroximino group displayed a distinct cytotoxicity to Hela tumor cell line. In particular, the IC(50) values of the compounds 6 and 13 were 14.3 and 24.3 μmol/L against Hela human tumor cell line respectively. The information obtained from the studies may be useful for the design of novel chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SUN YAT-SEN University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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21
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Corrales RCNR, de Souza NB, Pinheiro LS, Abramo C, Coimbra ES, Da Silva AD. Thiopurine derivatives containing triazole and steroid: synthesis, antimalarial and antileishmanial activities. Biomed Pharmacother 2010; 65:198-203. [PMID: 21111565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2010.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 6-thiopurine derivates containing 1,2,3-triazole were synthesized and their in vivo antimalarial activity and in vitro antileishmanial activity were examined. The compounds 10, 11, 12 and 14 presented higher values of inhibition of parasite multiplication than chloroquine. For antileishmanial activity, the compound 14 showed activity against the three species of Leishmania tested. None of compounds showed cytotoxicity against mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta C N R Corrales
- Departamento de Química, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
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22
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Zhao Z, Liu X, Liu L, Li G. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of New Steroidal Thiosemicarbazones Derived from methyl 3-Oxocholanate under Solvent-Free Conditions. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.3184/030823410x12798092457988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel steroidal thiosemicarbazones derived from methyl 3-oxocholanate were synthesised in good yields via microwave irradiation under solvent-free conditions. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic data. Compared to the conventional method, microwave irradiation was a fast and simple method. These compounds were tested for antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and E. coli bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xingli Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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23
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Combined antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of a cationic disubstituted dexamethasone-spermine conjugate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54:2525-33. [PMID: 20308375 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01682-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains represents an emerging health problem that has motivated efforts to develop new antibacterial agents. Endogenous cationic antibacterial peptides (CAPs) that are produced in tissues exposed to the external environment are one model for the design of novel antibacterial compounds. Here, we report evidence that disubstituted dexamethasone-spermine (D2S), a cationic corticosteroid derivative initially identified as a by-product of synthesis of dexamethasone-spermine (DS) for the purpose of improving cellular gene delivery, functions as an antibacterial peptide-mimicking molecule. This moiety exhibits bacterial killing activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa present in cystic fibrosis (CF) sputa, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. Although compromised in the presence of plasma, D2S antibacterial activity resists the proteolytic activity of pepsin and is maintained in ascites, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. D2S also enhances S. aureus susceptibility to antibiotics, such as amoxicillin (AMC), tetracycline (T), and amikacin (AN). Inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-treated neutrophils in the presence of D2S suggests that this molecule might also prevent systemic inflammation caused by bacterial wall products. D2S-mediated translocation of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in bovine aorta endothelial cells (BAECs) suggests that some of its anti-inflammatory activities involve engagement of glucocorticoid receptors. The combined antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of D2S suggest its potential as an alternative to natural CAPs in the prevention and treatment of some bacterial infections.
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24
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Biophysical studies of the interaction of squalamine and other cationic amphiphilic molecules with bacterial and eukaryotic membranes: importance of the distribution coefficient in membrane selectivity. Chem Phys Lipids 2010; 163:131-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 09/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Design and synthesis of bile acid-based amino sterols as antimicrobial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:5411-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Huang L, Sun Y, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Xu J, Shen YM. Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of bile acid tridentate conjugates. Steroids 2009; 74:701-6. [PMID: 19463693 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Revised: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two series of novel bile acid tridentate conjugates with different linkers were synthesized and characterized, and their biological activities in vitro were evaluated. The procedure was straightforward and efficient to be carried out with high overall yield. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated in vitro. The best activity of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for 1c, 1c', 2c and 2c' against S. cerevisiae was up to 0.125 microg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliang Huang
- Radiopharmaceuticals Center, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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27
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Vatmurge NS, Hazra BG, Pore VS, Shirazi F, Deshpande MV, Kadreppa S, Chattopadhyay S, Gonnade RG. Synthesis and biological evaluation of bile acid dimers linked with 1,2,3-triazole and bis-beta-lactam. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:3823-30. [PMID: 18843413 DOI: 10.1039/b809221d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis and biological evaluation of bile acid dimers linked through 1,2,3-triazole and bis-beta-lactam. The dimers were synthesized using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of diazido bis-beta-lactams , and terminal alkynes derived from cholic acid/deoxycholic acid in the presence of Cu(i) catalyst (click chemistry). These novel molecules were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial activity. Most of the compounds exhibited significant antifungal as well as antibacterial activity against all the tested fungal and bacterial strains. Moreover, their in vitro cytotoxicities towards HEK-293 and MCF-7 cells were also established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namdev S Vatmurge
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
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28
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Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of beta-lactam-bile acid conjugates linked via triazole. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2043-7. [PMID: 18267360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole-linked beta-lactam-bile acid conjugates 17-24 using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azido beta-lactam and terminal alkyne of bile acids in the presence of Cu(I) catalyst (click chemistry) have been realized. These molecules were evaluated in vitro for their antifungal and antibacterial activities. Most of the compounds exhibited significant antifungal and moderate antibacterial activity against all the tested strains.
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29
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Abstract
Antibiotics were one of the great health successes of the 20th century. Antibiotics, both naturally derived and synthetic, have resulted in huge decreases in both morbidity and mortality from bacterial infections. As a consequence, the 'antibiotic age' has changed public expectations about the results of infectious disease. However, this has led to high levels of inappropriate prescribing, where antibiotics may be administered to fulfil patient expectations rather than for clinical benefit. Along with unwise uses in agriculture and elsewhere, this has contributed to recent rises in numbers of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. As a result, many commentators have described this as the end of the antibiotic age and the term 'superbug' has entered the common vocabulary for multi-drug-resistant bacteria such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multi-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this context, an attractive approach for the development of antibacterial agents is the use of a new class of cationic steroidal compounds mimicking polymyxin activities. The permeabilization properties of these agents of the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria are reported in this review, as well as a discussion of literature results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanaz Salmi
- Laboratoire SESNAB, UMR-MD-1, Case 342, Faculté de St Jérôme, Marseille, Cedex 20, France.
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Cravotto G, Binello A, Boffa L, Rosati O, Boccalini M, Chimichi S. Regio- and stereoselective reductions of dehydrocholic acid. Steroids 2006; 71:469-75. [PMID: 16504228 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2006.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2005] [Revised: 01/14/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrocholic acid (DHCA), an unnatural bile acid, is manufactured by oxidation of cholic acid. Its biotransformation by two basidiomycetes (Trametes hirsuta and Collybia velutipes) is reported. These mycelia showed different affinities for the substrate and selectivities of attack: T. hirsuta in particular regio- and stereoselectively reduced the 3-keto group to yield 3 alpha-hydroxy-7,12-diketo-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid (7,12-diketolithocolic acid) as the main product. A number of different chemical reductions were carried out on DHCA; among them hydrogenation with Raney Nickel in water under high-intensity ultrasound proved highly regio- and stereoselective, yielding 7,12-diketolithocolic acid exclusively. (1)H and (13)C resonances were assigned in details thanks to a series of 1D and 2D NMR runs including DEPT, NOESY, H-H COSY, gHSQC and gHMBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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Cravotto G, Boffa L, Turello M, Parenti M, Barge A. Chemical modifications of bile acids under high-intensity ultrasound or microwave irradiation. Steroids 2005; 70:77-83. [PMID: 15631863 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2004.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2004] [Revised: 09/20/2004] [Accepted: 09/24/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High-intensity ultrasound (HIU) and microwave (MW) irradiation, having emerged as effective promoters of organic reactions, were exploited for the synthesis of bile acids derivatives. Esterification, amidation, hydrolysis, oxidation, and reduction were investigated. Compared to conventional methods, both techniques proved much more efficient, increasing product yields and dramatically cutting down reaction times. Scaled-up studies are now under way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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Salunke DB, Hazra BG, Pore VS, Bhat MK, Nahar PB, Deshpande MV. New Steroidal Dimers with Antifungal and Antiproliferative Activity. J Med Chem 2004; 47:1591-4. [PMID: 14998344 DOI: 10.1021/jm030376y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bile acid-derived novel amphiphilic topology was designed and synthesized in the form of steroidal dimers. These dimers were tested for antifungal and antiproliferative activity in vitro. N(1),N(3)-Diethylenetriaminebis[cholic acid amide] was found to be active against C. albicans, Y. lipolytica, and B. poitrassi at nanomolar concentration and did not show any effect on cell proliferation. N(1),N(2)-Ethylenediaminebis[deoxycholic acid amide] totally inhibited the growth of human oral cancer (HEp-2) and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak B Salunke
- Organic Chemistry Synthesis Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
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Hazra B, Pore V, Dey S, Datta S, Darokar M, Saikia D, Khanuja SPS, Thakur A. Bile acid amides derived from chiral amino alcohols: novel antimicrobials and antifungals. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:773-7. [PMID: 14741287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cholic and deoxycholic acid amides 10-17 have been synthesised from (1R,2R)-1-phenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol 2, (1S,2S)-1-phenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol 4, (1R,2R)-1-para-nitrophenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol 3, (1S,2S)-1-para-nitrophenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol 5. Amide 12 derived from N-succinimidyl ester 9 of deoxycholic acid and (1R,2R)-1-phenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol 2, found to be active against Cryptococcus neoformans and the amide 17 obtained from N-succinimidyl ester 9 of deoxycholic acid and (1S,2S)-1-para-nitrophenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol 5, is found to be potent against various gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- BrajaG Hazra
- Organic Chemistry Synthesis Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India.
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Ding B, Guan Q, Walsh JP, Boswell JS, Winter TW, Winter ES, Boyd SS, Li C, Savage PB. Correlation of the antibacterial activities of cationic peptide antibiotics and cationic steroid antibiotics. J Med Chem 2002; 45:663-9. [PMID: 11806717 DOI: 10.1021/jm0105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The antibacterial activities of cationic steroid antibiotics and cationic peptide antibiotics have been compared. Depolarization of bacterial membranes, activation of bacterial stress-related gene promoters, and changes in bacterial morphologies caused by these antibiotics suggest that cationic steroid and peptide antibiotics share mechanistic aspects. Modified cationic steroid antibiotics display improved selectivity for prokaryotic cells over eukaryotic cells presumably due to increased charge recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangwei Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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Abstract
Because of the permeability barrier provided by the outer membrane (OM), gram-negative bacteria are inherently resistant to many hydrophobic antibiotics. This resistance limits the arsenal of antibiotics that are effective in treating gram-negative bacterial infections. Compounding this problem, strains of gram-negative bacteria have emerged that display specific resistance mechanisms for effective antibiotics. As a means of expanding the arsenal of effective antibiotics for gram-negative bacteria, compounds that permeabilize the OM to hydrophobic substances have been developed. These compounds are typically cationic, amphiphilic molecules that can be prepared from peptides or steroids. Effective OM permeabilizers sensitize gram-negative bacteria to hydrophobic antibiotics, including erythromycin, fusidic acid, novobiocin and rifampin. These antibiotics are generally not useful in treating gram-negative bacterial infections because they traverse the OM ineffectively. The use of OM permeabilizers, in combination with hydrophobic antibiotics, may provide additional means of controlling growth of gram-negative bacteria. This review describes classes of permeabilizers, including those derived from peptides, and recently reported examples based on steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Savage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Bryskier A. Novelties in the field of anti-infective compounds in 1999. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31:1423-66. [PMID: 11096013 DOI: 10.1086/317490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1999 the number of new compounds reported in the anti-infective field decreased significantly in comparison with previous years, especially for antifungals. The reported new compounds are mainly directed against Staphylococcus aureus isolates resistant to methicillin. Few derivatives were reported in the field of anti-infectives for gram-negative bacteria. At the moment, we are in a period of discovery as we await novel compounds that could issue from new engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bryskier
- Aventis Pharma, Infectious Disease Group, Romainville, France.
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