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Galceran F, Digirolamo FA, Rengifo M, Reigada C, Saye M, Maciel BJ, Estecho IG, Errasti AE, Pereira CA, Miranda MR. Identifying inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 as potential repurposed drugs for Chagas' disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115766. [PMID: 37634596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas' disease, an endemic and neglected disease. The treatment is limited to only two drugs, benznidazole (BZL) and nifurtimox (NFX), introduced more than fifty years ago and no new advances have been made since then. Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPK) are key metabolic enzymes which have gained interest as drug targets of pathogen organisms. Taking advantage of the computer-assisted drug repurposing approaches, in the present work we initiate a search of potential T. cruzi nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 (TcNDPK1) inhibitors over an ∼ 12,000 compound structures database to find drugs targeted to this enzyme with trypanocidal activity. Four medicines were selected and evaluated in vitro, ketorolac (KET, an anti-inflamatory), dutasteride (DUT, used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia), nebivolol and telmisartan (NEB and TEL, used to treat high blood pressure). The four compounds were weak inhibitors and presented different trypanocidal effect on epimastigotes, trypomastigotes and intracellular stages. NEB and TEL were the most active drugs with increased effect on intracellular stages, (IC50 = 2.25 µM and 13.21 µM respectively), and selectivity indexes of 13.01 and 8.59 respectively, showing comparable effect to BZL, the first line drug for Chagas' disease treatment. In addition, both presented positive interactions when combined with BZL. Finally, transgenic epimastigotes with increased expression of TcNDPK1 were more resistant to TEL and NEB, suggesting that TcNDPK1 is at least one of the molecular targets. In view of the results, NEB and TEL could be repurposed medicines for Chagas' disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Facundo Galceran
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabio A Digirolamo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcos Rengifo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chantal Reigada
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melisa Saye
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Belen J Maciel
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ivana G Estecho
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea E Errasti
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio A Pereira
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana R Miranda
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Ran L, Gao Z, Chen Q, Ran Y, Duan N, Hu G, Lu X, Xia R, Li Q, Cui F, Liu X, Xue B. Improving effects of telmisartan on spermatogenic disorder induced by fractionated low-dose irradiation in mice. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:1427-1439. [PMID: 37093439 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male infertility is a hot problem worldwide, but there are few treatments, especially male infertility caused by irradiation is difficult to treat. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate novel drugs for the treatment of male infertility caused by irradiation. METHODS we randomly divided 18 male BALB/c mice into 3 groups: control, irradiated, and telmisartan. Both irradiated and telmisartan group completed whole-body 0.5 Gy five times irradiation, and the telmisartan group received intraperitoneal injection of telmisartan (1.2 mg/kg) daily on the next day after irradiation, and all groups were sampled on day 25 after irradiation. RESULTS Sperm motility results show that total sperm motility of irradiated group was significantly lower compared with control group, and testicular HE results showed that testis in irradiated group were severely damaged. Compared with irradiated group, the total sperm motility, sperm concentration, testicular index, Johnsen score, and the seminiferous tubule layer numbers were higher in telmisartan group (P < 0.05). The immunohistochemical staining showed γ-H2AX expression is higher in telmisartan group compared with irradiated group. And the relative mRNA expression of PLZF, GFRA1, STRA8, DMRT1, SPO11, SYCP2, OVOL2, CCNA1, TJP3, RUNX2, TXNDC2 TNP1, and PRM3 in telmisartan group was all significantly higher than irradiated group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, in vivo experiments confirmed that telmisartan ameliorated the spermatogenic disorder in mice caused by fractionated low-dose irradiation via promoting spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Ran
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixiang Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanshuai Ran
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nengliang Duan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangmo Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renlan Xia
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengmei Cui
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
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Qiang S, Hu R, Yeung Y. Zwitterion‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening of Epoxides with Carboxylic Acids. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Qiang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Rong‐Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Yeung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong P. R. China
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Fooladi M, Shirazi A, Sheikhzadeh P, Amirrashedi M, Ghahramani F, Cheki M, Khoobi M. Investigating the attenuating effect of telmisartan against radiation-induced intestinal injury using 18F-FDG micro-PET imaging. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 99:446-458. [PMID: 35930426 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to investigate the ability of 18F-Fluro-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG)-based micro-positron emission tomography (microPET) imaging to evaluate the efficacy of telmisartan, a highly selective angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARA), in intestinal tissue recovery process after in vivo irradiation. METHODS Male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups of control, telmisartan, irradiation, and telmisartan + irradiation. A solution of telmisartan in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered orally at 12 mg/kg body weight for seven consecutive days prior to whole body exposing to a single sub-lethal dose of 5 Gy X-rays. The mice were imaged using 18F-FDG microPET at 9 and 30 days post-irradiation. The 18F-FDG uptake in jejunum was determined according to the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) index. Tissues were also processed in similar time points for histological analysis. RESULTS The 18F-FDG microPET imaging confirmed the efficacy of telmisartan as a potent attenuating agent for ionizing radiation-induced injury of intestine in mice model. The results were also in line with the histological analysis indicating that pretreatment with telmisartan reduced damage to the villi, crypts, and intestinal mucosa compared with irradiated and non-treated group from day 9 to 30 after irradiation. CONCLUSION The results revealed that 18F-FDG microPET imaging could be a good candidate to replace time-consuming and invasive biological techniques for screening of radioprotective agents. These findings were also confirmed by histological examinations which indicated that telmisartan can effectively attenuates radiation injury caused by ionizing-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Fooladi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shirazi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Sheikhzadeh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Amirrashedi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghahramani
- Radiotherapy-Oncology Center, Yas Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Cheki
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Biomaterials Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mansour RM, El Sayed NS, Ahmed MAE, El-Sahar AE. Addressing Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma in 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Striatal Neurotoxicity in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4368-4383. [PMID: 35553009 PMCID: PMC9167199 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Telmisartan (TEL) is an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker and a partial activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), which regulates inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the PPARγ agonistic property of TEL in several brain disorders. This study aims to explore the neuroprotective impact of TEL in 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP)-induced neurotoxicity in rats. The PPARγ effect of TEL was affirmed by using the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone (PIO), and the antagonist GW9662. 3-NP led to a significant reduction in body weight alongside motor and cognitive functioning. The striata of the 3-NP-treated rats showed energy-deficit, microglia-mediated inflammatory reactions, apoptotic damage as well as histopathological lesions. PIO and TEL improved motor and cognitive perturbations induced by 3-NP, as confirmed by striatal histopathological examination, energy restoration, and neuronal preservation. Both drugs improved mitochondrial biogenesis evidenced by elevated mRNA expression of PPARγ, PGC-1α, and TFAM, alongside increased striatal ATP and SDH. The mitochondrial effect of TEL was beyond PPARγ activation. As well, their anti-inflammatory effect was attributed to suppression of microglial activation, and protein expression of pS536 p65 NF-κB with marked attenuation of striatal inflammatory mediator's release. Anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 expression was concurrently increased. TEL effectively participated in neuronal survival as it promoted phosphorylation of Akt/GSK-3β, further increased Bcl-2 expression, and inhibited cleavage of caspase-3. Interestingly, co-treatment with GW9662 partially revoked the beneficial effects of TEL. These findings recommend that TEL improves motor and cognitive performance, while reducing neuronal inflammation and apoptosis in 3-NP-induced neurotoxicity via a PPARγ-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6Th of October City, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Nesrine S El Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6Th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman E El-Sahar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt
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Gowda BR, Prakash N, Santhosh CR, Pavithra BH, Rajashekaraiah R, Sathyanarayana ML, Rao S, Waghe P, Kumar KRA, Shivaprasad GR, Muralidhar Y. Effect of Telmisartan on Arsenic-Induced (Sub-chronic) Perturbations in Redox Homeostasis, Pro-inflammatory Cascade and Aortic Dysfunction in Wistar Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1776-1790. [PMID: 34339004 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An experimental study was conducted in male Wistar rats to explore the antioxidant potential of telmisartan (an AT1 receptor blocker) to overcome arsenic ('As')-induced perturbations in redox homeostasis pro-inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin-E2 levels and aortic dysfunction in Wistar rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of six each. Group-I served as untreated control, while group-II received sodium (meta) arsenite (NaAsO2) (10 mg/kg b.wt. p.o) for a period of 60 days. Experimental rats in group-III received treatment similar to group-II, but in addition received telmisartan (with 1% aqueous solution of Tween 80) @ 10 mg/kg b.wt. (p.o) for a similar duration, while rats in group-IV received telmisartan alone. Arsenic exposure resulted in significant (p < 0.05) elevation in the levels of superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]) radicals (control: 768.20 ± 126.77 vs group-II: 1232.75 ± 97.85 pmol of NBT reduced/min/mg protein). Telmisartan administration showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in [Formula: see text] generation (815.34 ± 43.41 pmol of NBT reduced/min/mg protein). Sub-chronic exposure to 'As' significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx and GR activity and GSH levels in the aorta, thus induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) measured as measured in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) called as malondialdehyde (MDA). However, the administration of telmisartan effectively countered the LPO (24.03 ± 1.18 nmol of MDA/g) on account of restoring the levels of aforesaid antioxidant defense system. Telmisartan administration effectively attenuated the 'As'-induced surge in pro-inflammatory cytokines (viz., IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) levels, as well as countered the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX2) as indicated by a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in PGE2 level in the aorta. In addition to it, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in plasma angiotensin II (Ang-II) levels in experimental rats receiving telmisartan. Quantitative RT-PCR studies revealed that sub-chronic exposure to 'As' upregulated the Nox2 mRNA expression, but there was a 1.2-fold reduction in expression level upon co-administration of telmisartan. Histopathological examination revealed marked recovery from 'As'-induced disruption of tunica adventitia and loss of connective tissue in experimental rats receiving telmisartan. The study concludes that telmisartan can overcome aortic dysfunction induced by sub-chronic exposure to arsenic through drinking water in experimental rats through restoration of redox balance, attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators and downregulation of Nox2 mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rudresh Gowda
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - N Prakash
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Vinobanagar, Shivamogga, Karnataka, 577 204, India.
| | - C R Santhosh
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - B H Pavithra
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - Rashmi Rajashekaraiah
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - M L Sathyanarayana
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - Suguna Rao
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - Prashantkumar Waghe
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nandinagar, Bidar, Karnataka, 585 226, India
| | - K R Anjan Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - G R Shivaprasad
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
| | - Y Muralidhar
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 024, India
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A Simple UPLC/MS-MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Lenvatinib and Telmisartan in Rat Plasma, and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interaction Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041291. [PMID: 35209080 PMCID: PMC8880132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lenvatinib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits tumor angiogenesis, but hypertension is the most common adverse reaction. Telmisartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker used to treat hypertension. In this study, a simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of lenvatinib and telmisartan, and it was applied to the pharmacokinetic drug interaction study. Plasma samples were treated with acetonitrile to precipitate protein. Water (containing 5 mM of ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) were used as the mobile phases to separate the analytes with gradient elution using a column XSelect HSS T3 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 2.5 μm). Multiple reaction monitoring in the positive ion mode was used for quantification. The method was validated and the precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, and stability of this method were reasonable. The determination of analytes was not interfered with by other substances in the blank plasma, and the calibration curves of lenvatinib and telmisartan were linear within the range of 0.2–1000 ng/mL and 0.1–500 ng/mL, respectively. The results indicate that lenvatinib decreased the systemic exposure of telmisartan. Potential drug interactions were observed between lenvatinib and telmisartan.
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Protective mechanisms of telmisartan against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats may involve PPARγ-induced TLR4/NF-κB suppression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112374. [PMID: 34915671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is an important cause of liver damage in many clinical situations. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is an inflammatory pathway activated in hepatic I/R injury. Telmisartan, a selective angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) partial agonist, can inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The present work investigated the possible protective effect of telmisartan against hepatic I/R injury and explored its possible mechanisms in rats. Rats were divided into four equal groups: sham-operated control, telmisartan-treated sham-operated control, I/R untreated, and I/R telmisartan-treated groups. Hepatic injury was evaluated biochemically by serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and histopathological examination. Hepatic oxidative stress biomarkers, myeloperoxidase level, PPARγ and TLR4 mRNA expression, and NF-κB and active caspase 3 immunoexpression were determined. The study showed that telmisartan attenuated hepatic I/R, as evidenced by decreased serum ALT and AST activities and confirmed by improvement of the histopathological changes. The protective effect of telmisartan was associated with modulation of oxidative stress parameters, myeloperoxidase level, PPARγ and TLR4 mRNA expression, and NF-κB and caspase 3 immunoexpression. Taken together, the current study showed that telmisartan could protect the rat liver from I/R injury. This hepatoprotective effect was attributed to, at least in part, increase in PPARγ expression and suppression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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Hwang YJ, Park JH, Cho DH. Activation of AMPK by Telmisartan Decreases Basal and PDGF-stimulated VSMC Proliferation via Inhibiting the mTOR/p70S6K Signaling Axis. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e289. [PMID: 32893519 PMCID: PMC7476795 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telmisartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), is widely used to treat hypertension by blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Although abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a well-established contributor to the development of various vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, the effect of telmisartan on VSMC proliferation and its mechanism of action have not been fully revealed. Herein, we investigated the molecular mechanism whereby telmisartan inhibits rat VSMC proliferation. METHODS We measured VSMC proliferation by MTT assay, and performed inhibitor studies and western blot analyses using basal and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated rat VSMCs. To elucidate the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), we introduced dominant-negative (dn)-AMPKα1 gene into VSMCs. RESULTS Telmisartan decreased VSMC proliferation, which was accompanied by decreased phosphorylations of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) at Ser2448 (p-mTOR-Ser2448) and p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) at Thr389 (p-p70S6K-Thr389) in dose- and time-dependent manners. Telmisartan dose- and time-dependently increased phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 (p-AMPK-Thr172). Co-treatment with compound C, a specific AMPK inhibitor, or ectopic expression of the dn-AMPKα1 gene, significantly reversed telmisartan-inhibited VSMC proliferation, p-mTOR-Ser2448 and p-p70S6K-Thr389 levels. Among the ARBs tested (including losartan and fimasartan), only telmisartan increased p-AMPK-Thr172 and decreased p-mTOR-Ser2448, p-p70S6K-Thr389, and VSMC proliferation. Furthermore, GW9662, a specific and irreversible peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) antagonist, did not affect any of the telmisartan-induced changes. Finally, telmisartan also exhibited inhibitory effects on VSMC proliferation by increasing p-AMPK-Thr172 and decreasing p-mTOR-Ser2448 and p-p70S6K-Thr389 in a PDGF-induced in vitro atherosclerosis model. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that telmisartan-activated AMPK inhibited basal and PDGF-stimulated VSMC proliferation, at least in part, by downregulating the mTOR/p70S6K signaling axis in a PPARγ-independent manner. These observations suggest that telmisartan could be used to treat arterial narrowing diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jin Hwang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Du Hyong Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
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Hwang YJ, Cho DH. Activation of AMPK/proteasome/MLCK degradation signaling axis by telmisartan inhibits VSMC contractility and vessel contraction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:853-860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Synthetic Lethality Screening Identifies FDA-Approved Drugs that Overcome ATP7B-Mediated Tolerance of Tumor Cells to Cisplatin. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030608. [PMID: 32155756 PMCID: PMC7139527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor resistance to chemotherapy represents an important challenge in modern oncology. Although platinum (Pt)-based drugs have demonstrated excellent therapeutic potential, their effectiveness in a wide range of tumors is limited by the development of resistance mechanisms. One of these mechanisms includes increased cisplatin sequestration/efflux by the copper-transporting ATPase, ATP7B. However, targeting ATP7B to reduce Pt tolerance in tumors could represent a serious risk because suppression of ATP7B might compromise copper homeostasis, as happens in Wilson disease. To circumvent ATP7B-mediated Pt tolerance we employed a high-throughput screen (HTS) of an FDA/EMA-approved drug library to detect safe therapeutic molecules that promote cisplatin toxicity in the IGROV-CP20 ovarian carcinoma cells, whose resistance significantly relies on ATP7B. Using a synthetic lethality approach, we identified and validated three hits (Tranilast, Telmisartan, and Amphotericin B) that reduced cisplatin resistance. All three drugs induced Pt-mediated DNA damage and inhibited either expression or trafficking of ATP7B in a tumor-specific manner. Global transcriptome analyses showed that Tranilast and Amphotericin B affect expression of genes operating in several pathways that confer tolerance to cisplatin. In the case of Tranilast, these comprised key Pt-transporting proteins, including ATOX1, whose suppression affected ability of ATP7B to traffic in response to cisplatin. In summary, our findings reveal Tranilast, Telmisartan, and Amphotericin B as effective drugs that selectively promote cisplatin toxicity in Pt-resistant ovarian cancer cells and underscore the efficiency of HTS strategy for identification of biosafe compounds, which might be rapidly repurposed to overcome resistance of tumors to Pt-based chemotherapy.
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Cho DH. Telmisartan Inhibits Nitric Oxide Production and Vessel Relaxation via Protein Phosphatase 2A-mediated Endothelial NO Synthase-Ser 1179 Dephosphorylation. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e266. [PMID: 31674157 PMCID: PMC6823522 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apart from its blood pressure-lowering effect by blocking the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, telmisartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), exhibits various ancillary effects including cardiovascular protective effects in vitro. Nonetheless, the protective effects of telmisartan in cerebrocardiovascular diseases are somewhat variable in large-scale clinical trials. Dysregulation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS)-derived NO contributes to the developments of various vascular diseases. Nevertheless, the direct effects of telmisartan on endothelial functions including NO production and vessel relaxation, and its action mechanism have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which telmisartan regulates NO production and vessel relaxation in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We measured nitrite levels in culture medium and mouse serum, and performed inhibitor studies and western blot analyses using bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and a hyperglycemic mouse model. To assess vessel reactivity, we performed acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vessel relaxation assay on isolated rat aortas. RESULTS Telmisartan decreased NO production in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic BAECs, which was accompanied by reduced phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1179 (p-eNOS-Ser1179). Telmisartan increased the expression of protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) and co-treatment with okadaic acid completely restored telmisartan-inhibited NO production and p-eNOS-Ser1179 levels. Of the ARBs tested (including losartan and fimasartan), only telmisartan decreased NO production and p-eNOS-Ser1179 levels, and enhanced PP2Ac expression. Co-treatment with GW9662 had no effect on telmisartan-induced changes. In line with in vitro observations, telmisartan reduced serum nitrite and p-eNOS-Ser1179 levels, and increased PP2Ac expression in high fat diet-fed mice. Furthermore, telmisartan attenuated ACh-induced rat aorta relaxation. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that telmisartan inhibited NO production and vessel relaxation at least in part by PP2A-mediated eNOS-Ser1179 dephosphorylation in a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-independent manner. These results may provide a mechanism that explains the inconsistent cerebrocardiovascular protective effects of telmisartan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Hyong Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
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Naruse M, Koike Y, Kamei N, Sakamoto R, Yambe Y, Arimitsu M. Effects of azilsartan compared with telmisartan on insulin resistance in patients with essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus: An open-label, randomized clinical trial. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214727. [PMID: 30943275 PMCID: PMC6447197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Based on non-clinical data, it is expected that azilsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, will help improve insulin resistance in addition to its hypotensive action. The present study is aimed to explore the effect of azilsartan compared to telmisartan on insulin sensitivity in hypertensive patients in the clinical setting. Methods This multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group exploratory study was conducted in Japan. We randomized adult patients (≥20 years old) with grade I or II essential hypertension and coexisting type 2 diabetes (1:1) to receive either oral azilsartan (20 mg/day;17 patients) or telmisartan (40 mg/day;16 patients) for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in the homeostasis model assessment ratio of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) from the baseline at the end of the treatment period. We also evaluated its safety and efficacy on other diabetes-related variables and blood pressure. Findings The mean changes in HOMA-R at the end of treatment were 0.22 (95% CI, −1.09–1.52) in the azilsartan group and −0.23 (95% CI, −0.72–0.27) in the telmisartan group. We found no clinically remarkable changes between the groups in diabetes-related variables such as fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c (NGSP), HOMA-β, or 1,5-anhydroglucitol. Reductions in clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressure were observed at week 4 and the reduced levels were maintained throughout the treatment period in both groups. No serious treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were observed. Only one drug-related TEAE (mild decrease in blood pressure) was reported in one patient in the azilsartan group. Conclusion Neither azilsartan nor telmisartan had any clinically remarkable effects on insulin resistance parameters when administered for 12 weeks to patients with grade I or II essential hypertension and coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus. Azilsartan (20 mg/day) and telmisartan (40 mg/day) exerted comparable antihypertensive effects. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02079805
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhide Naruse
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension, Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yasuhiro Koike
- Japan Medical Affairs, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kamei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakamoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Yambe
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michinori Arimitsu
- Data Science Division, Biostatistics Department I, A2 Healthcare Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
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Glaus TM, Elliott J, Herberich E, Zimmering T, Albrecht B. Efficacy of long-term oral telmisartan treatment in cats with hypertension: Results of a prospective European clinical trial. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 33:413-422. [PMID: 30561059 PMCID: PMC6430888 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Efficacy of telmisartan in treating hypertension (HT) in cats has not been largely investigated. Objective Telmisartan oral solution effectively controls systolic arterial blood pressure (SABP) in hypertensive cats. Animals Two‐hundred eighty‐five client‐owned cats with systemic HT. Methods Prospective, multicenter, placebo‐controlled, randomized, double‐blinded study. Hypertensive cats diagnosed with SABP ≥160 mmHg and ≤200 mmHg without target‐organ‐damage were randomized (2 : 1 ratio) to receive 2 mg/kg telmisartan or placebo q24 PO. A 28‐day efficacy phase was followed by a 120‐day extended use phase. Efficacy was defined as significant difference in mean SABP reduction between telmisartan and placebo on Day 14 and group mean reduction in SABP of > 20 mmHg by telmisartan on Day 28 compared to baseline. Results Two‐hundred fifty‐two cats completed the efficacy and 144 cats the extended use phases. Mean SABP reduction at Day 14 differed significantly between groups (P < .001). Telmisartan reduced baseline SABP of 179 mmHg by 19.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.92‐22.52) and 24.6 (95% CI: 21.11‐28.14) mmHg at Days 14 and 28. The placebo group baseline SABP of 177 mmHg was reduced by 9.0 (95% CI: 5.30‐12.80) and 11.4 (95% CI: 7.94‐14.95) mmHg, respectively. Of note, 52% of telmisartan‐treated cats had SABP <150 mmHg at Day 28. Mean SABP reduction by telmisartan in severe (≥180 mmHg) and moderate HT (160‐179 mmHg) was comparable and persistent over time. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Telmisartan solution (PO) was effective in reducing SABP in hypertensive cats with SABP ≥160 mmHg and ≤200 mmHg.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Elliott
- The Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
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Elkahloun AG, Rodriguez Y, Alaiyed S, Wenzel E, Saavedra JM. Telmisartan Protects a Microglia Cell Line from LPS Injury Beyond AT1 Receptor Blockade or PPARγ Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3193-3210. [PMID: 30105672 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) Telmisartan reduces inflammation through Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) activation. However, in a mouse microglia-like BV2 cell line, imitating primary microglia responses with high fidelity and devoid of AT1 receptor gene expression or PPARγ activation, Telmisartan reduced gene expression of pro-injury factors, enhanced that of anti-inflammatory genes, and prevented LPS-induced increase in inflammatory markers. Using global gene expression profiling and pathways analysis, we revealed that Telmisartan normalized the expression of hundreds of genes upregulated by LPS and linked with inflammation, apoptosis and neurodegenerative disorders, while downregulating the expression of genes associated with oncological, neurodegenerative and viral diseases. The PPARγ full agonist Pioglitazone had no neuroprotective effects. Surprisingly, the PPARγ antagonists GW9662 and T0070907 were neuroprotective and enhanced Telmisartan effects. GW9226 alone significantly reduced LPS toxic effects and enhanced Telmisartan neuroprotection, including downregulation of pro-inflammatory TLR2 gene expression. Telmisartan and GW9662 effects on LPS injury negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory factors and upstream regulators, including TLR2, and positively with known neuroprotective factors and upstream regulators. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of the Telmisartan and GW9662 data revealed negative correlations with sets of genes associated with neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders and toxic treatments in cultured systems, while demonstrating positive correlations with gene sets associated with neuroprotection and kinase inhibition. Our results strongly suggest that novel neuroprotective effects of Telmisartan and GW9662, beyond AT1 receptor blockade or PPARγ activation, include downregulation of the TLR2 signaling pathway, findings that may have translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel G Elkahloun
- Microarray Core, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Dr, MSC 4435, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4435, USA
| | - Yara Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Seham Alaiyed
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Erin Wenzel
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Juan M Saavedra
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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Caro‐Vadillo A, Daza‐González MA, Gonzalez‐Alonso‐Alegre E, Rodríguez A, Gómez‐García J. Effect of a combination of telmisartan and amlodipine in hypertensive dogs. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2017-000471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alfonso Rodríguez
- Medicina y Cirugía AnimalUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
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Zhao D, Liu H, Dong P. A Meta-analysis of antihypertensive effect of telmisartan versus candesartan in patients with essential hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 41:75-79. [PMID: 29589977 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1445750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The comparison of antihypertensive effects between telmisartan and candesartan in patients with essential hypertension has been investigated in several small studies. The results were not consistent. We performed this meta-analysis determining the antihypertensive effect of telmisartan versus candesartan in these patients. METHODS We searched Pubmed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central for all published studies comparing the antihypertensive effects between telmisartan and candesartan in patients with essential hypertension. RESULTS The antihypertensive effects were assessed in 302 patients included in 4 trials with a mean follow-up of 10 ± 4 weeks. There were no significant differences between telmisartan and candesartan in reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in patients with essential hypertension (weighted mean differences (WMD) for SBP 1.98 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI), -0.53, 4.49), p > 0.05; WMD for DBP 0.26 mm Hg (95% CI, -1.65, 2.16), p > 0.05), respectively. In a sub-analysis including 2 randomized studies, there was not a significant difference for the reduction of SBP (WMD 0.90 (95% CI, -2.88, 4.68) mm Hg, p > 0.05) or DBP (WMD -0.80 (95% CI, -3.40, 1.81) mm Hg, p > 0.05) treated with telmisartan or candesartan. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provides the evidence that the antihypertensive effects of telmisartan and candesartan are similar on SBP and DBP reduction in patients with essential hypertension, suggesting that strict designed randomized controlled trial would be helpful to compare antihypertensive effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and improve the choice of ARBs in antihypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- a Division of Hypertension , the First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Hui Liu
- b Division of Endocrinology , Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University , Luoyang , China
| | - Pingshuan Dong
- c Division of Cardiology , the First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
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Song KH, Bae SJ, Chang J, Park JH, Jo I, Cho KW, Cho DH. Telmisartan mitigates hyperglycemia-induced vascular inflammation by increasing GSK3β-Ser 9 phosphorylation in endothelial cells and mouse aortas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:903-911. [PMID: 28754590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Telmisartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), attenuates hyperglycemia-aggravated vascular inflammation by decreasing IκB kinase β (IKKβ) expression in endothelial cells. Because glycogen synthase 3β (GSK3β) is involved in inflammatory process by regulating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, we investigated whether GSK3β mediates telmisartan-ameliorated vascular inflammation in hyperglycemia-treated endothelial cells and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Telmisartan remarkably induced GSK3β-Ser9 phosphorylation in hyperglycemia-treated endothelial cells that accompanied a decrease in hyperglycemia-induced NF-κB p65-Ser536 phosphorylation, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression, and THP-1 monocyte adhesion. Ectopic expression of GSK3β-S9A, a constitutively active mutant of GSK3β, significantly restored complete telmisartan-inhibited NF-κB p65-Ser536 phosphorylation, VCAM-1 expression, and THP-1 monocyte adhesion. In addition, it reversed telmisartan-repressed IKKβ expression. Among the ARB, including losartan and fimasartan, only telmisartan increased GSK3β-Ser9 phosphorylation, and telmisartan-induced GSK3β-Ser9 phosphorylation remained unchanged by pretreatment with GW9662, a specific and irreversible peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) antagonist. Finally, in the aortas of HFD-fed mice, telmisartan treatment significantly attenuated HFD-induced upregulation of NF-κB p65-Ser536 phosphorylation, VCAM-1 expression, and IKKβ expression and downregulation of GSK3β-Ser9 phosphorylation. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that telmisartan ameliorates hyperglycemia-exacerbated vascular inflammation, at least in part, by inducing GSK3β-Ser9 phosphorylation, which consequently inhibits IKKβ expression, NF-κB p65-Ser536 phosphorylation, and VCAM-1 expression in a PPARγ-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee-Ho Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1, Neungdong-ro, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, South Korea
| | - Sun-Ju Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Eulji University, 77 Gyeryong-ro, 771 Beon-gil, Jung-gu, Daejeon 34824, South Korea
| | - Jiyeon Chang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjung-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam do 31151, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical School, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Inho Jo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ewha Womans University Medical School, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, South Korea
| | - Kae Won Cho
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjung-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam do 31151, South Korea.
| | - Du-Hyong Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Eulji University, 77 Gyeryong-ro, 771 Beon-gil, Jung-gu, Daejeon 34824, South Korea.
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Han L, Shen WJ, Bittner S, Kraemer FB, Azhar S. PPARs: regulators of metabolism and as therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease. Part II: PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. Future Cardiol 2017; 13:279-296. [PMID: 28581362 PMCID: PMC5941699 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2017-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The PPARs are a subfamily of three ligand-inducible transcription factors, which belong to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. In mammals, the PPAR subfamily consists of three members: PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. PPARs control the expression of a large number of genes involved in metabolic homeostasis, lipid, glucose and energy metabolism, adipogenesis and inflammation. PPARs regulate a large number of metabolic pathways that are implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this review is to provide up-to-date information about the biochemical and metabolic actions of PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ, the therapeutic potential of their agonists currently under clinical development and the cardiovascular disease outcome of clinical trials of PPAR-γ agonists, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Geriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wen-Jun Shen
- Geriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stefanie Bittner
- Geriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Fredric B Kraemer
- Geriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Salman Azhar
- Geriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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El-Mahdy NA, El-Sayad MES, El-Kadem AH. Combination of telmisartan with sildenafil ameliorate progression of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic model. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 81:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Choi GJ, Kim HM, Kang H, Kim J. Effects of telmisartan on fat distribution: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Curr Med Res Opin 2016; 32:1303-9. [PMID: 27010868 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2016.1171204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several meta-analyses have confirmed the positive metabolic effects of telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker that can also act as a partial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist, compared to those of other angiotensin II receptor blockers. These effects include decreased fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. However, no systemic analysis of telmisartan's effects on body fat distribution has been performed. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled telmisartan trials to investigate its effects on body weight, fat distribution, and visceral adipose reduction. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A literature search was performed using Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library between January 1966 and November 2013. Randomized controlled trials in English and meeting the following criterion were included: random assignment of hypertensive participants with overweight/obesity, metabolic syndrome, or glucose intolerance to telmisartan or control therapy group. RESULTS Of 651 potentially relevant reports, 15 satisfied the inclusion criterion. While visceral fat area was significantly lower in the telmisartan group than in the control group (weighted mean difference = -18.13 cm(2), 95% C.I. = -27.16 to -9.11, Pχ(2) = 0.19, I(2) = 41%), subcutaneous fat area was similar (weighted mean difference =2.94 cm(2), 95% C.I. = -13.01 to 18.89, Pχ(2) = 0.30, I(2) = 17%). Total cholesterol levels were significantly different between the groups (standardized mean difference = -0.24, 95% C.I. = -0.45 to -0.03, Pχ(2) = 0.0002, I(2) = 67%). LIMITATIONS Limitations include: (1) limited number of studies, especially those evaluating fat distribution; (2) different imaging modalities to assess visceral fat area (V.F.A.) and subcutaneous fat area (S.F.A.); (3) observed heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that telmisartan affected fat distribution, inducing visceral fat reduction, and thus could be useful in hypertensive patients with obesity/overweight, metabolic syndrome, or glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun Joo Choi
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine , Chung-Ang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- b Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine , Chung-Ang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyun Kang
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine , Chung-Ang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Jaetaek Kim
- b Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine , Chung-Ang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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Matsushita K, Yang HC, Mysore MM, Zhong J, Shyr Y, Ma LJ, Fogo AB. Effects of combination PPARγ agonist and angiotensin receptor blocker on glomerulosclerosis. J Transl Med 2016; 96:602-9. [PMID: 26999660 PMCID: PMC6117161 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously observed that high-dose angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) can induce regression of existing glomerulosclerosis. We also found that proliferator-activated recepto-γ (PPARγ) agonist can attenuate glomerulosclerosis in a nondiabetic model of kidney disease, with specific protection of podocytes. We now assessed effects of combination therapy with ARB and pioglitazone on established glomerulosclerosis. Sprague-Dawley male rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) at week 0 and renal biopsy at week 8. Rats were randomized to groups with equal starting moderate glomerulosclerosis, and treated with ARB, PPARγ agonist (pioglitazone), combination or vehicle from weeks 8 to 12. Body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and urinary protein (UP) were measured at intervals. In rats with established sclerosis, SBP, UP, and GS were equal in all groups at week 8 before treatment by study design. Untreated control rats had hypertension, decreased GFR, and progressive proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis at week 12. Only combination therapy significantly ameliorated hypertension and proteinuria. ARB alone or pioglitazone alone had only numerically lower SBP and UP than vehicle at week 12. Both pioglitazone alone and combination had significantly less decline in GFR than vehicle. Combination-induced regression of glomerulosclerosis in more rats from weeks 8 to 12 than ARB or pioglitazone alone. In parallel, combination treatment reduced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression and macrophage infiltration, and preserved podocytes compared with vehicle. These results were linked to increased AT2 receptor and Mas1 mRNA in the combination group. PPARγ agonists in combination with ARB augment regression of glomerulosclerosis, with downregulation of injurious RAAS components vs PPARγ alone, with increased anti-fibrotic/healing RAAS components, enhanced podocyte preservation, and decreased inflammation and profibrotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Matsushita
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hai-Chun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Manu M Mysore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA,Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA and
| | - Jianyong Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yu Shyr
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Agnes B Fogo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Song KH, Park JH, Jo I, Park JY, Seo J, Kim SA, Cho DH. Telmisartan attenuates hyperglycemia-exacerbated VCAM-1 expression and monocytes adhesion in TNFα-stimulated endothelial cells by inhibiting IKKβ expression. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 78:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Iyngkaran P, Thomas M. Bedside-to-Bench Translational Research for Chronic Heart Failure: Creating an Agenda for Clients Who Do Not Meet Trial Enrollment Criteria. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2015; 9:121-32. [PMID: 26309418 PMCID: PMC4527366 DOI: 10.4137/cmc.s18737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic condition usually without cure. Significant developments, particularly those addressing pathophysiology, mainly started at the bench. This approach has seen many clinical observations initially explored at the bench, subsequently being trialed at the bedside, and eventually translated into clinical practice. This evidence, however, has several limitations, importantly the generalizability or external validity. We now acknowledge that clinical management of CHF is more complicated than merely translating bench-to-bedside evidence in a linear fashion. This review aims to help explore this evolving area from an Australian perspective. We describe the continuation of research once core evidence is established and describe how clinician-scientist collaboration with a bedside-to-bench view can help enhance evidence translation and generalizability. We describe why an extension of the available evidence or generating new evidence is occasionally needed to address the increasingly diverse cohort of patients. Finally, we explore some of the tools used by basic scientists and clinicians to develop evidence and describe the ones we feel may be most beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Iyngkaran
- Flinders University, NT Medical School, Darwin, Australia
| | - M Thomas
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Telmisartan attenuates colon inflammation, oxidative perturbations and apoptosis in a rat model of experimental inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97193. [PMID: 24831514 PMCID: PMC4022743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated the implication of angiotensin II in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) via its proinflammatory features. Telmisartan (TLM) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist with marked anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions that mediated its cardio-, reno- and hepatoprotective actions. However, its impact on IBD has not been previously explored. Thus, we aimed to investigate the potential alleviating effects of TLM in tri-nitrobenezene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Pretreatment with TLM (10 mg/kg p.o.) attenuated the severity of colitis as evidenced by decrease of disease activity index (DAI), colon weight/length ratio, macroscopic damage, histopathological findings and leukocyte migration. TLM suppressed the inflammatory response via attenuation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as a marker of neutrophil infiltration besides restoration of interleukin-10 (IL-10). TLM also suppressed mRNA and protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and mRNA of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) proinflammatory genes with concomitant upregulation of PPAR-γ. The alleviation of TLM to colon injury was also associated with inhibition of oxidative stress as evidenced by suppression of lipid peroxides and nitric oxide (NO) besides boosting glutathione (GSH), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). With respect to apoptosis, TLM downregulated the increased mRNA, protein expression and activity of caspase-3. It also suppressed the elevation of cytochrome c and Bax mRNA besides the upregulation of Bcl-2. Together, these findings highlight evidences for the beneficial effects of TLM in IBD which are mediated through modulation of colonic inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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27
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Noone D, Licht C. Chronic kidney disease: a new look at pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment options. Pediatr Nephrol 2014; 29:779-92. [PMID: 23471475 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-013-2436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The concept of renoprotection has evolved significantly, driven by improved understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the advent of novel treatment options. Glomerular hyperfiltration, hypertension and proteinuria represent key mediators of CKD progression. It is increasingly recognized that proteinuria may actually be pathological and etiological in CKD progression and not just symptomatic. It initiates a sequence of events involving activation of proinflammatory and profibrotic signaling pathways in proximal tubular epithelial cells with transmission of the disease to the tubulointerstitium and progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Although the etiology and epidemiology of pediatric CKD differs to that in adults, studies in the various animal models of kidney disease, from obstructive uropathy to glomerulonephritis, have revealed that many common proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways are induced in progressive proteinuric CKD, irrespective of the primary disease. This pathomechanistic overlap therefore translates into the potential for common treatment targets for a wide spectrum of kidney diseases. In this review we therefore discuss the experimental and clinical evidence for an array of prospective future drug treatments of CKD progression. While conceptually promising, clear definitive evidence beyond preclinical data does not exist for many of these treatments, and others are limited by serious adverse effects. More studies are needed before general recommendations can be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Noone
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, M5G 1X8, ON, Canada
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Marini MG, Sonnino C, Previtero M, Biasucci LM. Targeting inflammation: impact on atherothrombosis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2013; 7:9-18. [PMID: 24327329 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-013-9523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherothrombosis is a worldwide epidemic accounting for an unacceptable toll of deaths and disabilities. Its pathophysiology is complex and hardly referable to a specific mechanism; however, in the last 20 years, a growing amount of evidence has demonstrated that inflammatory processes play a major role from the very beginning to the ultimate complication of atherothrombosis. These evidences are addressing a growing interest toward anti-inflammatory agents as preventive or curative treatments of atherothrombosis. At present, accumulated data are not conclusive, but strong evidence exists in favor of an anti-inflammatory positive effect for several drugs as statins or renin-angiotensin inhibitors. More conclusive data are expected from ongoing trials directly exploring the role of specific cytokines antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giulia Marini
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Largo Vito, Rome, 00168, Italy
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Protective effect of telmisartan against oxidative damage induced by high glucose in neuronal PC12 cell. Neurosci Lett 2013; 558:31-6. [PMID: 24211690 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Telmisartan is an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker and partial agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Here, we investigated the protective capacity of telmisartan against high glucose (HG)-elicited oxidative damage in PC12 cells. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), NADPH oxidase (NOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell viability and DNA fragmentation were measured in HG-treated PC12 cells with and without telmisartan co-treatment. Moreover, the direct antioxidant effect of telmisartan was determined by 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assay and protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3 and NOX subunit p47phox by western blotting. Telmisartan exhibited antioxidant activity in the ABTS assay with the IC50 value of 37.5 μM. Pretreatment of PC12 cells with telmisartan, prior to HG exposure, was associated with a marked diminution in cleaved caspase-3 expression, DNA fragmentation, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, intracellular ROS and MDA levels. Additionally, the cell viability, GSH level, SOD and CAT activity were notably elevated by telmisartan, whereas the activity and the protein expression of NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox were attenuated. Interestingly, co-treatment with GW9662, a PPAR-γ antagonist, partially inhibited the beneficial effects of telmisartan. These findings suggest that telmisartan has protective effects on HG-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, which may be related to its antioxidant action and inhibition of NADPH oxidase. Furthermore, the results show that PPAR-γ activation is involved in the neuroprotective effects of telmisartan.
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Telmisartan ameliorates germ cell toxicity in the STZ-induced diabetic rat: Studies on possible molecular mechanisms. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 755:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhao Y, Zhao S, Kuge Y, Strauss HW, Blankenberg FG, Tamaki N. Attenuation of Apoptosis by Telmisartan in Atherosclerotic Plaques of Apolipoprotein E
−/−
Mice: Evaluation Using Technetium 99m–Annexin A5. Mol Imaging 2013. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2012.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- From the Departments of Tracer Kinetics and Bioanalysis and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, and Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Songji Zhao
- From the Departments of Tracer Kinetics and Bioanalysis and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, and Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Yuji Kuge
- From the Departments of Tracer Kinetics and Bioanalysis and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, and Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - H. William Strauss
- From the Departments of Tracer Kinetics and Bioanalysis and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, and Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Francis G. Blankenberg
- From the Departments of Tracer Kinetics and Bioanalysis and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, and Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Nagara Tamaki
- From the Departments of Tracer Kinetics and Bioanalysis and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, and Central Institute of Isotope Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and Department of Pediatric Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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Lizcano F, Vargas D. Diverse coactivator recruitment through differential PPARγ nuclear receptor agonism. Genet Mol Biol 2013; 36:134-9. [PMID: 23569420 PMCID: PMC3615519 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572013005000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The PPARγ nuclear receptor regulates the expression of genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and it has protective effects in some patients with type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, the therapeutic value of the PPARγ nuclear receptor protein is limited due to the secondary effects of some PPARγ ligands. Because the downstream effects of PPARγ are determined by the binding of specific cofactors that are mediated by ligand-induced conformational changes, we evaluated the differential effects of various ligands on the binding of certain cofactors associated with PPARγ. The ligands used were rosiglitazone for treating type 2 diabetes and telmisartan for treating arterial hypertension. Functional, phenotypic, and molecular studies were conducted on pre-adipocyte 3T3-L1 and functional studies in U2OS cells. The moderating influence of various cofactor families was evaluated using transient transfection assays. Our findings confirm that telmisartan has a partial modulating effect on PPARγ activity compared to rosiglitazone. The cofactors SRC1 and GRIP1 mediate the activity of telmisartan and rosiglitazone and partially determine the difference in their effects. Studying the modulating activity of these cofactors can provide interesting insights for developing new therapeutic approaches for certain metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lizcano
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
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Brain penetration of telmisartan, a unique centrally acting angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, studied by PET in conscious rhesus macaques. Nucl Med Biol 2012; 39:1232-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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