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Pagani E, Ropke CD, Soares CM, Perez SAC, Benevides PJC, Barbosa BS, Carvalho ACB, Behrens MD. Technology Readiness Level Roadmap for Developing Innovative Herbal Medicinal Products. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:703. [PMID: 38931370 PMCID: PMC11206302 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the vast global botanical diversity, the pharmaceutical development of herbal medicinal products (HMPs) remains underexploited. Of over 370,000 described plant species, only a few hundred are utilized in HMPs. Most of these have originated from traditional use, and only a minority come from megadiverse countries. Exploiting the pharmacological synergies of the hundreds of compounds found in poorly studied plant species may unlock new therapeutic possibilities, enhance megadiverse countries' scientific and socio-economic development, and help conserve biodiversity. However, extensive constraints in the development process of HMPs pose significant barriers to transforming this unsatisfactory socio-economic landscape. This paper proposes a roadmap to overcome these challenges, based on the technology readiness levels (TRLs) introduced by NASA to assess the maturity of technologies. It aims to assist research entities, manufacturers, and funding agencies from megadiverse countries in the discovery, development, and global market authorization of innovative HMPs that comply with regulatory standards from ANVISA, EMA, and FDA, as well as WHO and ICH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Pagani
- Medical Department, Azidus Brasil, Valinhos 13271-130, SP, Brazil
- Centroflora Group, Innovation Department, Campinas 06460-040, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Mota Soares
- Project Management Office, Vice Direction of Education, Research and Innovation, Institute of Drug Technology Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sandra Aurora Chavez Perez
- Project Management Office, Vice Direction of Education, Research and Innovation, Institute of Drug Technology Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Cecilia Bezerra Carvalho
- GMESP, Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), Brasília 71205-050, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria Dutra Behrens
- Natural Products Department, Vice Direction of Education, Research and Innovation, Institute of Drug Technology Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
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Zhu J, Gillissen B, Dang Tran DL, May S, Ulrich C, Stockfleth E, Eberle J. Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and Cell Viability by Sinecatechins in Cutaneous SCC Cells Is Related to an Imbalance of ROS and Loss of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071416. [PMID: 35883905 PMCID: PMC9312260 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The term sinecatechins designates an extract containing a high percentage of catechins obtained from green tea, which is commercially registered as Veregen or Polyphenon E (PE) and may be considered for treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and actinic keratosis (AK). As shown here, treatment of four cSCC cell lines with 200 µg/mL of PE resulted in strong, dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation (20–30%) as well as strongly decreased cell viability (4–21% of controls, 48 h). Effects correlated with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas early apoptosis was less pronounced. At the protein level, some activation of caspase-3 and enhanced expression of the CDK inhibitor p21 were found. Loss of MMP and induced cell death were, however, largely independent of caspases and of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins Bax and Bak, suggesting that sinecatechins induce also non-apoptotic, alternative cell death pathways, in addition to apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were downregulated in response to PE at 4 h, followed by an increase at 24 h. The contributory role of initially reduced ROS was supported by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine, which in combination with PE further enhanced the negative effects on cell viability. Thus, sinecatechins inhibited cell proliferation and viability of cSCC cells, which could suggest the use of PE for AK treatment. The mechanisms appear as linked to an imbalance of ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- Skin Cancer Centre Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.Z.); (D.L.D.T.); (S.M.); (C.U.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jilin University, Changchun 130001, China
| | - Bernd Gillissen
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Dieu Linh Dang Tran
- Skin Cancer Centre Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.Z.); (D.L.D.T.); (S.M.); (C.U.)
- Beuth-Hochschule für Technik Berlin–University of Applied Sciences, Luxemburger Str. 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie May
- Skin Cancer Centre Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.Z.); (D.L.D.T.); (S.M.); (C.U.)
| | - Claas Ulrich
- Skin Cancer Centre Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.Z.); (D.L.D.T.); (S.M.); (C.U.)
| | - Eggert Stockfleth
- Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Gudrunstr. 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany;
| | - Jürgen Eberle
- Skin Cancer Centre Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (J.Z.); (D.L.D.T.); (S.M.); (C.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-518-383
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Khairkhah N, Bolhassani A, Najafipour R. Current and future direction in treatment of HPV-related cervical disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:829-845. [PMID: 35478255 PMCID: PMC9045016 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the world. About 70% of cervical cancers are caused by the most oncogenic HPV genotypes of 16 and 18. Since available prophylactic vaccines do not induce immunity in those with established HPV infections, the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines using E6 and E7 oncogenes, or both as the target antigens remains essential. Also, knocking out the E6 and E7 oncogenes in host genome by genome-editing CRISPR/Cas system can result in tumor growth suppression. These methods have shown promising results in both preclinical and clinical trials and can be used for controlling the progression of HPV-related cervical diseases. This comprehensive review will detail the current treatment of HPV-related cervical precancerous and cancerous diseases. We also reviewed the future direction of treatment including different kinds of therapeutic methods and vaccines, genome-editing CRISPR/Cas system being studied in clinical trials. Although the progress in the development of therapeutic HPV vaccine has been slow, encouraging results from recent trials showed vaccine-induced regression in high-grade CIN lesions. CRISPR/Cas genome-editing system is also a promising strategy for HPV cancer therapy. However, its safety and specificity need to be optimized before it is used in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Khairkhah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.,Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Najafipour
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gaspari V, Cinotti E, Puviani M, Trovato E, Campoli M, Milani M. Assessment of sinecatechins 10% ointment used as proactive sequential therapy in recurrence rate of genital warts lesions after cryotherapy. The PACT-II Trial (postablation immunomodulator treatment of condylomata with sinecatechins): a prospective assessor-blinded, multicenter, pilot trial. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2022; 157:72-77. [PMID: 35176844 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.21.06894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryotherapy is commonly used as ablative treatment of external genital warts (EGW). However, after cryotherapy recurrence of lesions affects on average 45% (42-70%) of subjects in the 6 months after the treatment. Sinecatechins 10% are an effective topical treatment of EGW. A low recurrence rate (<6%) was observed in pivotal phase 3 trials conducted with this product. Topical sinecatechins have demonstrated to significantly reduce the recurrence rate of EGW in subjects treated with laser therapy (The PACT-I trial). So far, no prospective data are available regarding the efficacy of sinecathechins as immunomodulator sequential therapy after cryotherapy in EGW subjects. The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of recurrence lesions after the use of topical sinecatechins 10%, as sequential proactive immunomodulation treatment after cryotherapy in subjects with EGW (The PACT-II Trial: the postablation immunomodulator treatment of condylomata with sinecatechins trial) (Trial Registration number: ISRCTN44037479). METHODS In a prospective, assessor-blinded, multicenter trial a total of 55 subjects with a diagnosis of multiple EGW (36 men and 19 women, mean age 47±10 years) and a mean lesion number of 9±7, after their informed consent, were enrolled in the study. All subjects were treated with cryotherapy (an average of 2 sessions). After the ablative treatment, all subjects were instructed to apply sinecatechin 10% ointment 3 times daily for 4 consecutive months. The primary study endpoint was the evaluation (assessor-blinded) of recurrent lesions after 6 months (2 month of follow-up after the conclusion of topical treatment). The secondary study endpoints were the appearance of new EGW lesions (lesions affecting area not treated by cryotherapy) and the local tolerability. RESULTS At baseline, the mean number of EGW lesions were 9±7. After cryotherapy, the mean lesions number were reduced to 1.6±1.8. At month 4, EGW mean lesion number were 0.2±0.4 (P=0.0001 vs. after cryotherapy). At month 6, recurrence of lesions was detected in 10 subjects (18%; 95% CI: 9-30%) with an average of 1.4 lesions. Of these recurrent lesions, 6 occurred in completely healed lesions site after cryotherapy and 8 in partially healed ones. New lesions (outside the cryotherapy treated area) were observed in 10 subjects. The product was very well tolerated. No serious side effects were reported. Three subjects reported moderate skin irritation on the application site. CONCLUSIONS The PACT-II Trial has shown that the recurrence rate of EGW lesions after successful cryotherapy using sinecatechins as immunomodulator sequential therapy is lower in comparison with the percentage documented in the literature without sequential therapy (20 vs. 45%). These results are in line with already published data evaluating the role of sinecatechins after laser therapy (PACT-I trial). Future comparative, double-blind controlled trials assessing the efficacy of different proactive strategies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gaspari
- Clinic of Dermatology, Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mario Puviani
- Clinic of Dermatology, Medica Plus Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Trovato
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Campoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Massimo Milani
- Department of Medicine, Cantabria Labs Difa Cooper, Caronno Pertusella, Varese, Italy -
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Liu J, Bodnar BH, Meng F, Khan AI, Wang X, Saribas S, Wang T, Lohani SC, Wang P, Wei Z, Luo J, Zhou L, Wu J, Luo G, Li Q, Hu W, Ho W. Epigallocatechin gallate from green tea effectively blocks infection of SARS-CoV-2 and new variants by inhibiting spike binding to ACE2 receptor. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:168. [PMID: 34461999 PMCID: PMC8404181 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the COVID-19 pandemic rages on, the new SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged in the different regions of the world. These newly emerged variants have mutations in their spike (S) protein that may confer resistance to vaccine-elicited immunity and existing neutralizing antibody therapeutics. Therefore, there is still an urgent need of safe, effective, and affordable agents for prevention/treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and its variant infection. RESULTS We demonstrated that green tea beverage (GTB) or its major ingredient, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), were highly effective in inhibiting infection of live SARS-CoV-2 and human coronavirus (HCoV OC43). In addition, infection of the pseudoviruses with spikes of the new variants (UK-B.1.1.7, SA-B.1.351, and CA-B.1.429) was efficiently blocked by GTB or EGCG. Among the 4 active green tea catechins at noncytotoxic doses, EGCG was the most potent in the action against the viruses. The highest inhibitory activity was observed when the viruses or the cells were pre-incubated with EGCG prior to the infection. Mechanistic studies revealed that EGCG blocked infection at the entry step through interfering with the engagement of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the viral spikes to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor of the host cells. CONCLUSIONS These data support further clinical evaluation and development of EGCG as a novel, safe, and cost-effective natural product for prevention/treatment of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Brittany H Bodnar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Fengzhen Meng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Adil I Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Sami Saribas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0900, USA
| | - Saroj Chandra Lohani
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0900, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Zhengyu Wei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jinjun Luo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Lina Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guangxiang Luo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama At Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Qingsheng Li
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0900, USA.
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Wenzhe Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, and Department of Neurology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Hayakawa S, Ohishi T, Miyoshi N, Oishi Y, Nakamura Y, Isemura M. Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Epigallocatchin-3-Gallate and Coffee Chlorogenic Acid. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194553. [PMID: 33027981 PMCID: PMC7582793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea and coffee are consumed worldwide and epidemiological and clinical studies have shown their health beneficial effects, including anti-cancer effects. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are the major components of green tea polyphenols and coffee polyphenols, respectively, and believed to be responsible for most of these effects. Although a large number of cell-based and animal experiments have provided convincing evidence to support the anti-cancer effects of green tea, coffee, EGCG, and CGA, human studies are still controversial and some studies have suggested even an increased risk for certain types of cancers such as esophageal and gynecological cancers with green tea consumption and bladder and lung cancers with coffee consumption. The reason for these inconsistent results may have been arisen from various confounding factors. Cell-based and animal studies have proposed several mechanisms whereby EGCG and CGA exert their anti-cancer effects. These components appear to share the common mechanisms, among which one related to reactive oxygen species is perhaps the most attractive. Meanwhile, EGCG and CGA have also different target molecules which might explain the site-specific differences of anti-cancer effects found in human studies. Further studies will be necessary to clarify what is the mechanism to cause such differences between green tea and coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumio Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan;
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.I.); Tel.: +81-3-3822-2131 (S.H.); +81-54-264-5920 (M.I.)
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan;
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yumiko Oishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan;
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.N.)
| | - Mamoru Isemura
- School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (N.M.); (Y.N.)
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.I.); Tel.: +81-3-3822-2131 (S.H.); +81-54-264-5920 (M.I.)
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Rosales-Mendoza S, García-Silva I, González-Ortega O, Sandoval-Vargas JM, Malla A, Vimolmangkang S. The Potential of Algal Biotechnology to Produce Antiviral Compounds and Biopharmaceuticals. Molecules 2020; 25:E4049. [PMID: 32899754 PMCID: PMC7571207 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to an unprecedented pandemic, which demands urgent development of antiviral drugs and antibodies; as well as prophylactic approaches, namely vaccines. Algae biotechnology has much to offer in this scenario given the diversity of such organisms, which are a valuable source of antiviral and anti-inflammatory compounds that can also be used to produce vaccines and antibodies. Antivirals with possible activity against SARS-CoV-2 are summarized, based on previously reported activity against Coronaviruses or other enveloped or respiratory viruses. Moreover, the potential of algae-derived anti-inflammatory compounds to treat severe cases of COVID-19 is contemplated. The scenario of producing biopharmaceuticals in recombinant algae is presented and the cases of algae-made vaccines targeting viral diseases is highlighted as valuable references for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Successful cases in the production of functional antibodies are described. Perspectives on how specific algae species and genetic engineering techniques can be applied for the production of anti-viral compounds antibodies and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Ileana García-Silva
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
| | - José M. Sandoval-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Ashwini Malla
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sornkanok Vimolmangkang
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Miyoshi N, Tanabe H, Suzuki T, Saeki K, Hara Y. Applications of a Standardized Green Tea Catechin Preparation for Viral Warts and Human Papilloma Virus-Related and Unrelated Cancers. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112588. [PMID: 32498451 PMCID: PMC7321293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cell-based and animal experiments have shown that green tea catechins (GTC) exhibit various health benefits. In human experimental and epidemiological studies, there are conflicting results, and more precise investigations are required. One of the most effective ways to prove beneficial health effects in humans might be clinical intervention studies. Polyphenon®E was developed as a standardized GTC preparation, which was approved by Food and Drug Administration of US in 2006 as a medication to treat genital warts (Veregen® or sinecatechins). Positive efficacy of Polyphenon®E/sinecatechins/Veregen® (PSV) on anogenital warts has been demonstrated in several epidemiological studies and there have been several case reports to show the clinical effectiveness of PSV. In addition, several studies have provided evidence to suggest that PSV is effective in other human papillomavirus (HPV)-related diseases, although some studies failed to show such effects. Since (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the major component of PSV, the mechanism of the action of PSV might be deduced from that of EGCG. The microarray analysis of the biopsy samples from the patients suggested that apoptosis induction and the downregulation of inflammation are involved in the mechanism of the action of PSV in the clearance of anogenital warts. Cell-based and animal experiments using PSV also demonstrated effects similar to those elicited by EGCG, explaining how PSV works to induce apoptosis and exert anti-inflammatory actions in HPV-related diseases. Future studies would clarify what kinds of diseases respond effectively to PSV, showing health benefits of GTC and EGCG in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Miyoshi
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (Y.H.); Tel.: +81-54-264-5531 (N.M.); Tel.: +81-3-3209-0129 (Y.H.)
| | - Hiroki Tanabe
- Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Nayoro City University, Nayoro, Hokkaido 096-8641, Japan;
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan;
| | - Koichi Saeki
- Regenerative Medicine iPS Gateway Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo 150-0012, Japan;
| | - Yukihiko Hara
- Tea Solutions, Hara Office Inc., Tokyo 130-0012, Japan
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (Y.H.); Tel.: +81-54-264-5531 (N.M.); Tel.: +81-3-3209-0129 (Y.H.)
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Lozzi F, Lanna C, Mazzeo M, Garofalo V, Palumbo V, Mazzilli S, Diluvio L, Terrinoni A, Bianchi L, Campione E. Investigational drugs currently in phase II clinical trials for actinic keratosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:629-642. [PMID: 31232099 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1636030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Actinic keratoses (AKs) are limited areas of irregular epidermal growth on a background of excessive solar exposure. The entire sun-damaged skin is considered a field of cancerization with multiple visible and subclinical lesions. AK management requires field-directed therapies to block lesion relapse and prevent squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). AREAS COVERED In this review, we focused on phase II clinical trials for AKs, involving well-known agents and newer molecules such as proapoptotic drugs (VDA-1102, SR-T100, oleogel-S10, ICVT, eflornithine), immunomodulants (isotretinoin, tretinoin) and chemopreventive agents (nicotinamide, perillyl alcohol, liposomal T4N5). We used the website 'ClinicalTrials.Gov' as main reference. We selected and discussed completed and ongoing trials and analysed chemical structure and mechanism of action of the investigated molecules. EXPERT OPINION AK therapy should be tailored on the patient's profile considering first of all the age and site of the AKs, which are relevant parameters for local immune response. The new molecules could be combined to obtain a synergic effect blocking the different steps of skin tumorigenesis. Phase II trials highlight a new therapeutic opportunity to block selectively cell proliferation regulators and work both on the field of cancerization and on the AKs currently present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Lozzi
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Caterina Lanna
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Mauro Mazzeo
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Virginia Garofalo
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palumbo
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Sara Mazzilli
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Laura Diluvio
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Alessandro Terrinoni
- b Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Elena Campione
- a Department of Systems Medicine , University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
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10
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Leung AK, Barankin B, Leong KF, Hon KL. Penile warts: an update on their evaluation and management. Drugs Context 2018; 7:212563. [PMID: 30622585 PMCID: PMC6302884 DOI: 10.7573/dic.212563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Penile warts are the most common sexually transmitted disease in males. Clinicians should be familiar with the proper evaluation and management of this common condition. Objective To provide an update on the current understanding, evaluation, and management of penile warts. Methods A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms 'penile warts' and 'genital warts'. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. Results Penile warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), notably HPV-6 and HPV-11. Penile warts typically present as asymptomatic papules or plaques. Lesions may be filiform, exophytic, papillomatous, verrucous, hyperkeratotic, cerebriform, fungating, or cauliflower-like. Approximately one-third of penile warts regress without treatment and the average duration prior to resolution is approximately 9 months. Active treatment is preferable to watchful observation to speed up clearance of the lesions and to assuage fears of transmission and autoinoculation. Patient-administered therapies include podofilox (0.5%) solution or gel, imiquimod 3.75 or 5% cream, and sinecatechins (polypheron E) 15% ointment. Clinician-administered therapies include podophyllin, cryotherapy, bichloroacetic or trichloroacetic acid, oral cimetidine, surgical excision, electrocautery, and carbon dioxide laser therapy. Patients who do not respond to first-line treatments may respond to other therapies or a combination of treatment modalities. Second-line therapies include topical/intralesional/intravenous cidofovir, topical 5-fluorouracil, and topical ingenol mebutate. Conclusion No single treatment has been shown to be consistently superior to other treatment modalities. The choice of the treatment method should depend on the physician's comfort level with the various treatment options, the patient's preference and tolerability of treatment, and the number and severity of lesions. The comparative efficacy, ease of administration, adverse effects, cost, and availability of the treatment modality should also be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kc Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Kin Fon Leong
- Pediatric Institute, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kam Lun Hon
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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11
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Puviani M, Galluzzo M, Talamonti M, Mazzilli S, Campione E, Bianchi L, Milani M, Luppino I, Micali G. Efficacy of sinecatechins 10% as proactive sequential therapy of external genital warts after laser CO 2 ablative therapy: The PACT study (post-ablation immunomodulator treatment of condylomata with sinecatechins): a randomized, masked outcome assessment, multicenter trial. Int J STD AIDS 2018; 30:131-136. [PMID: 30236042 DOI: 10.1177/0956462418797874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
External genital warts (EGW) are the most common viral sexually transmitted infection. Ablative treatments like cryotherapy, curettage, and CO2 laser therapies offer rapid onset of effect, fast clearance, and reduction of virus load. However, these procedures are associated with high recurrence rates (RRs) ranging from 20% to 77% in the short and medium terms and do not provide sustained clearance. After laser therapy removal of EGW, an RR up to 77% has been reported. Topical sinecatechins (TS) 10% is a patient-applied regimen for the treatment of EGW with a low RR (<6.5%) at three months after completion of the therapy in the pivotal trials conducted so far. Sinecatechins can be considered a suitable proactive sequential therapy (PST) after ablative strategies to obtain a low RR. So far, no prospective data are available regarding the efficacy of sinecatechins 10% as PST. We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of TS 10% ointment applied twice daily in subjects with "difficult to treat" EGW after CO2 laser ablative treatment in a prospective controlled trial. A total of 87 subjects (76 men and 11 women; mean age 42 years) were enrolled in this three-month masked outcome assessment parallel group trial with imbalanced randomization allocation (2:1). One week after a successful CO2 laser treatment, 60 subjects were randomized to TS 10% treatment and 27 subjects to no treatment (control group: ConTRol (CTR); no sequential therapy). All patients had a history of an average of 4.5 previous ablative treatments in the last 12 months due to recurrent EGW. Mean (standard deviation) baseline number of treated lesions was 6.5 (2.7). One subject in the TS arm dropped out due to burning sensation after the application of the product. Therefore, 86 subjects completed the study. After three months, in the TS group, three subjects presented new EGW lesions (RR: 5%) on treated sites. In the CTR group, eight subjects presented new EGW lesions (RR: 29%) on treated sites (p = 0.0024; odds ratio: 0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.04-0.68). In the TS group, 34 subjects (56%) reported mild to moderate erythema or burning sensation at the application site. In this prospective multicenter trial, the use of TS 10% as PST after ablative treatment with CO2 laser was associated with a lower recurrence rate of new EGW lesions in the short term in comparison with the control group. Comparative larger trials are warranted to evaluate the role of this approach as PST (Trial Registration Number: ISRCTN44037479).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Puviani
- 1 Dermatology Service, Sassuolo Hospital, Sassuolo, Italy
| | - Marco Galluzzo
- 2 Dermatology Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Talamonti
- 2 Dermatology Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Mazzilli
- 2 Dermatology Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Campione
- 2 Dermatology Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- 2 Dermatology Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Milani
- 3 Medical Department, Cantabria Labs Difa Cooper, Caronno Pertusella, Italy
| | - Ivano Luppino
- 4 Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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12
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Morán-Santibañez K, Peña-Hernández MA, Cruz-Suárez LE, Ricque-Marie D, Skouta R, Vasquez AH, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Trejo-Avila LM. Virucidal and Synergistic Activity of Polyphenol-Rich Extracts of Seaweeds against Measles Virus. Viruses 2018; 10:v10090465. [PMID: 30200234 PMCID: PMC6164608 DOI: 10.3390/v10090465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although preventable by vaccination, Measles still causes thousands of deaths among young children worldwide. The discovery of new antivirals is a good approach to control new outbreaks that cause such death. In this study, we tested the antiviral activity against Measles virus (MeV) of Polyphenol-rich extracts (PPs) coming from five seaweeds collected and cultivated in Mexico. An MTT assay was performed to determine cytotoxicity effect, and antiviral activity was measured by syncytia reduction assay and confirmed by qPCR. PPs from Ecklonia arborea (formerly Eisenia arborea, Phaeophyceae) and Solieria filiformis (Rhodophyta) showed the highest Selectivity Index (SI), >3750 and >576.9 respectively. Both PPs extracts were selected to the subsequent experiments owing to their high efficacy and low cytotoxicity compared with ribavirin (SI of 11.57). The combinational effect of PPs with sulphated polysaccharides (SPs) and ribavirin were calculated by using Compusyn software. Synergistic activity was observed by combining both PPs with low concentrations of Solieria filiformis SPs (0.01 µg/mL). The antiviral activity of the best combinations was confirmed by qPCR. Virucidal assay, time of addition, and viral penetration evaluations suggested that PPs act mainly by inactivating the viral particle. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the virucidal effect of Polyphenol-rich extracts of seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Morán-Santibañez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Mario A Peña-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
| | - Lucia Elizabeth Cruz-Suárez
- Programa Maricultura, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
| | - Denis Ricque-Marie
- Programa Maricultura, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
| | - Rachid Skouta
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Abimael H Vasquez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
| | - Laura M Trejo-Avila
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
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13
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Meloni G, Milani M. Efficacy and Tolerability of Topical Green Tea Extract (Polyphenon E) Application in a "Therapy-Resistant" Plantar Wart. Case Rep Dermatol 2018; 10:127-132. [PMID: 29928201 PMCID: PMC6006655 DOI: 10.1159/000489160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plantar warts account for 30% of all cutaneous warts. These lesions could be very painful, especially if the lesion is located over pressure sites such as the metatarsal head. Plantar wart treatment remains a challenging therapeutic problem. A 67-year-old immunocompetent nonsmoking man presented with a large mosaic plantar wart on his right foot. The lesion had been present for 5 years. Several cryotherapy sessions (a total of 6 procedures) had been performed with no success. The lesion was therefore treated with a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) regimen and then with a topical combination of 5-FU and salicylic acid, but also these approaches failed. At the initial visit, a large (16 cm2) mosaic wart lesion was present. Treatment with topical Polyphenon E, 10%, twice daily was prescribed and started. After 3 months of treatment, the lesion completely disappeared. Interestingly, no curettage or mechanical pickling of the hyperkeratotic parts of the lesion were performed before the start of the treatment. Local tolerability was evaluated as very good by the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo Milani
- Medical Department, Cantabria Lab, Difa Cooper, Caronno Pertusella, Italy
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14
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Bilenchi R, Campoli M, Trovato E, Cinotti E, Rubegni P, Fimiani M. Sinecatechins 10% ointment for genital warts: Case report of a beneficial reaction in an HIV-positive woman. Int J STD AIDS 2018; 29:1033-1035. [PMID: 29621948 DOI: 10.1177/0956462418763888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with HIV infection are more likely to develop anogenital warts compared to HIV-negative people and are susceptible to treatment failures and recurrences. We report a case of extensive vulvar warts in an HIV-positive woman successfully treated with sinecatechins ointment. After the failure of a combination of cryotherapy and imiquimod 5% cream, we started therapy with sinecatechins 10% ointment. The patient developed an intense local inflammatory reaction after three weeks that induced the discontinuation of the therapy. After two weeks, we observed a complete regression of inflammation and a reduction of genital warts. The lesions completely regressed within a few weeks, with no relapse after eight months. Sinecatechins is a standardized extract of green tea leaves, effective in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts in immunocompetent patients, but their role has not been yet studied for immunocompromised people. Our case may represent a starting point for further studies, in order to evaluate the relation between treatment dosage, side effects, and drug response in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bilenchi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro-Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Campoli
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro-Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Trovato
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro-Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro-Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro-Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Fimiani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neuro-Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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15
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Grandolfo M, Milani M. Efficacy and Tolerability of Polyphenon E in "Difficult-to-Treat" Multiple Genital Warts in an HIV-Positive Male Subject. Case Rep Dermatol 2017; 9:55-59. [PMID: 28868001 PMCID: PMC5567009 DOI: 10.1159/000477839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A 55-year-old man, nonsmoker, with a HIV-positive history came to our attention in February 2017. He was on treatment with StribildTM, 1 capsule daily (150 mg elvitegravir, 150 mg cobicistat, 200 mg emtricitabine, and 245 mg tenofovir disoproxil). The CD4+/CD8+ cellular count was 326/µL (normal values: 404–1,612); the CD3+/CD8+ cellular count was 819/µL (normal values: 220–1,219). The CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.40 (normal value: >1). Several typical genital wart lesions were present at the penis shaft and at the level of the neck and the corona of glans. These lesions were present for 2 years. Several cryotherapy sessions (a total of 10 procedures) had been performed with partial success. At the initial visit a total of 5 lesions were present. Treatment with topical Polyphenon E 10% 3 times a day was prescribed and started. After 1 month of treatment the lesions were reduced to 2. Treatment was very well tolerated. After 8 weeks of treatment no more lesions were observed and therefore a complete clearance was obtained. Local tolerability was evaluated to be very good by the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Grandolfo
- Sexual Transmitted Disease Clinic Policlinico "G. Cesare," University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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16
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Dettlaff K, Stawny M, Ogrodowczyk M, Jelińska A, Bednarski W, Wątróbska-Świetlikowska D, Keck RW, Khan OA, Mostafa IH, Jankun J. Formulation and characterization of EGCG for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. Int J Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28627636 PMCID: PMC5504970 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the United States, the annual incidence of bladder cancer is approximately 70,000 new cases, with a mortality rate of approximately 15,000/year. The most common subtype (70%) of bladder cancer is superficial, namely hte non-muscle invasive disease form limited to the urothelium. The rate of progression and recurrence is up to 40 and 70%, respectively. Urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder is typically treated with transurethral resection. The cancerous cells can float onto the adjacent epithelium, increasing the risk of recurrence. The standard of care is to offer adjuvant intravesical agents to reduce the risk of progression and recurrence. Current intravesical treatments are costly and are associated with special biohazard handling protocols. Patients are treated with intravesical therapy with bacillus Calmetter-Guerin (BCG) bacterium, or mitomycin C (MMC) following resection, both of which can cause moderate to severe side-effects which are rarely life-threatening. We previously examined the efficacy of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)in comparison with MMC to prevent tumor cell implantation/growth in an animal model of superficial bladder cancer. Experiments revile that EGCG is slightly more effective than MMC at decreasing tumor cell implantation and consequent cancer growth in a bladder. This treatment requires the stringent sterile requirement of EGCG. EGCG can be unstable when sterilized at high temperatures. Thus, we evaluated two low temperature sterilization methods, such as ionizing radiation or the filtration method followed by freeze-drying. Both methods ensure the sterility of the sample; however, infrared and HPLC analysis revealed a slightly better stability of irradiated EGCG over the filtration method. The concentration of stable free radicals following irradiation was low, which are unlikely to exert any damaging effects to EGCG. Therefore, we consider that radiation will be the preferred method of EGCG sterilization, and that this may prove useful for the effective use of EGCG in the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Dettlaff
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60‑780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60‑780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ogrodowczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60‑780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Jelińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60‑780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Waldemar Bednarski
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Rick W Keck
- Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Omar A Khan
- Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Ibrahim H Mostafa
- Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Jerzy Jankun
- Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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17
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Jøraholmen MW, Basnet P, Acharya G, Škalko-Basnet N. PEGylated liposomes for topical vaginal therapy improve delivery of interferon alpha. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 113:132-139. [PMID: 28087379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies regarding mucosal drug delivery indicate that nanosystems with surface-available polyethylene glycol (PEG) are able to penetrate mucus barrier, assure closer contact with the epithelium, and improve drug delivery to vagina. In the present work, we developed the mucus-penetrating PEGylated liposomes containing interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b), destined to provide localized therapy for human papilloma virus (HPV) vaginal infections. The PEGylated liposomes were of a mean size of 181±8nm, bearing a negative zeta potential of - 13mV and an entrapment efficiency of 81±10%. In vitro release experiments on model membrane showed a nearly non-existent IFN α-2b release from both the control and liposomally-associated IFN α-2b. However, the ex vivo penetration studies performed on the vaginal tissue obtained from pregnant sheep, showed the clear elevated IFN α-2b penetration from PEGylated liposomes as compared to the control. Furthermore, mucin studies confirmed the absence of interaction between the PEG-modified liposomes and mucin, confirming their ability to penetrate mucus and reach the deeper epithelium. The system holds a promise in improving topical delivery of IFN α-2b through enhanced efficacy of local anti-viral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Wenche Jøraholmen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Purusotam Basnet
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusveien 5738, 9038 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusveien 5738, 9038 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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18
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Natural polyphenols: potential in the prevention of sexually transmitted viral infections. Drug Discov Today 2015; 21:333-41. [PMID: 26546859 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted viral infections represent a major public health concern due to lack of effective prevention strategies. Efforts are ongoing to develop modalities that can enable simultaneous prevention of multiple sexually transmitted infections. In the present review, we discuss the potential of natural polyphenols to prevent sexually transmitted viral infections. The review gives an account of various in vitro and in vivo studies carried out on epigallocatechin gallate, theaflavins (black tea polyphenols), resveratrol, genistein and curcumin to highlight their potential to prevent sexually transmitted infections caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), HSV (herpes simplex virus) and HPV (human papilloma virus).
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19
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Juhl ME, Seferovic V, Antonijevic S, Krunic A. Combined treatment of anogenital HPV infection with cryodestruction, podophyllin 25% and post-ablation immunomodulation with sinecatechins 15% ointment - a retrospective analysis. Int J STD AIDS 2015; 27:1071-1078. [PMID: 26404110 DOI: 10.1177/0956462415607375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
External genital warts, caused by human papillomavirus, have a significant clinical, epidemiological, and financial impact, including the risk for malignant transformation. Treatment modalities include: (a) destructive (ablative); (b) cytotoxic (proapoptotic) and (c) immunomodulatory, with success and recurrence rates varying from 23% to 94% and from 4.1% to 77%, respectively. Most studies evaluated only single modality therapy, with few reports examining a combined approach for external genital warts management. The introduction of sinecatechins ointment in recent years has resulted in very low recurrence rates of 4.1-10.6%, despite lower initial clearance rates than ablative methods. We present a retrospective review of 27 patients who underwent combined therapy for external genital warts by using one or two sessions of cryodestruction combined with 25% podophyllin as the cytotoxic agent, and post-ablation immunomodulation with topical sinecatechins 15% ointment. This approach resulted in an excellent initial clearance rate of 96.3% with a recurrence rate of 7.4% after a total period of six months of follow-up. We suggest the importance of the combined approach in external genital warts management including post-ablative immunomodulation to augment the immune response and combat the residual latent infection. We hope to encourage trials examining the combined approach to the treatment of external genital warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Juhl
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Aleksandar Krunic
- Innovative Dermatology, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Abstract
Counseling messages for tobacco cessation, condom use, circumcision, and selective choice in the number of sexual partners can help reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Other sexual behavioral and reproductive risk factors for cervical cancer are a younger age at first intercourse and at first full-term pregnancy as well as increasing duration of combined hormonal oral contraceptive use. Micronutrients and supplements can reduce the risk of human papillomavirus infection, persistence, progression, and regression. Some human papillomavirus infections can be prevented by vaccination. Cervical cancer is best prevented by screening.
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Grillo‐Ardila CF, Angel‐Müller E, Salazar‐Díaz LC, Gaitán HG, Ruiz‐Parra AI, Lethaby A. Imiquimod for anogenital warts in non-immunocompromised adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2014:CD010389. [PMID: 25362229 PMCID: PMC10777270 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010389.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 30% of people with anogenital warts (AGW) have spontaneous regression of lesions but there is no way to determine whether a specific lesion will remain. There are a wide range of options available for treating people with AGW and selection is based on clinician's experience, patient preferences and adverse effects. The imiquimod could offer the advantages of patient-applied therapies without incurring the limitations of provider-administered treatments. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of imiquimod for the treatment of AGW in non-immunocompromised adults. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Sexually Transmitted Infections Group Specialized Register (15 April 2014), CENTRAL (1991 to 15 April 2014), MEDLINE (1946 to 15 April 2014), EMBASE (1947 to 15 April 2014), LILACS (1982 to 15 April 2014), World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry (ICTRP) (15 April 2014), ClinicalTrials.gov (15 April 2014), Web of Science (2001 to 15 April 2014) and OpenGrey (15 April 2014). We also handsearched conference proceedings, contacted trial authors and reviewed the reference lists of retrieved studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the use of imiquimod with placebo, any other patient-applied or any other provider-administered treatment (excluding interferon and 5-fluorouracil which are assessed in other Cochrane Reviews) for the treatment of AGW in non-immunocompromised adults. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We resolved any disagreements through consensus. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS Ten RCTs (1734 participants) met our inclusion criteria of which six were funded by industry. We judged the risk of bias of the included trials as high. Six trials (1294 participants) compared the use of imiquimod versus placebo. There was very low quality evidence that imiquimod was superior to placebo in achieving complete and partial regression (RR 4.03, 95% CI 2.03 to 7.99; RR 2.56, 95% CI 2.05 to 3.20, respectively). When compared with placebo, the effects of imiquimod on recurrence (RR 2.76, 95% CI 0.70 to 10.91), appearance of new warts (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.00) and frequency of systemic adverse reactions (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.32) were imprecise. We downgraded the quality of evidence to low or very low. There was low quality evidence that imiquimod led to more local adverse reactions (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.53) and pain (RR 11.84, 95% CI 3.36 to 41.63).Two trials (105 participants) compared the use of imiquimod versus any other patient-applied treatment (podophyllotoxin and podophyllin). The estimated effects of imiquimod on complete regression (RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.48), partial regression (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.47), recurrence (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.11) or the presence of local adverse reactions (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.54) were imprecise (very low quality evidence). There was low quality evidence that systemic adverse reactions were less frequent with imiquimod (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.98).Finally, two trials (335 participants) compared imiquimod with any other provider-administered treatment (ablative methods and cryotherapy). There was very low quality of evidence that imiquimod did not have a lower frequency of complete regression (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.28). There was very low quality evidence that imiquimod led to a lower rate of recurrence during six-month follow-up (RR 0.24, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.56) but this did not translate in to a lower recurrence from six to 12 months (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.25; very low quality evidence). There was very low quality evidence that imiquimod was associated with less pain (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.54) and fewer local reactions (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.74). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The benefits and harms of imiquimod compared with placebo should be regarded with caution due to the risk of bias, imprecision and inconsistency for many of the outcomes we assessed in this Cochrane Review. The evidence for many of the outcomes that show imiquimod and patient-applied treatment (podophyllotoxin or podophyllin) confer similar benefits but fewer systematic reactions with the Imiquimod, is of low or very low quality. The quality of evidence for the outcomes assessing imiquimod and other provider-administered treatment were of very low quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Grillo‐Ardila
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de ColombiaDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Clinical Research InstituteCarrera 30 No 45‐03BogotaColombia
| | - Edith Angel‐Müller
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de ColombiaDepartment of Obstetrics & GynecologyCra 30 # 45‐03BogotaColombia
| | - Luis C Salazar‐Díaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de ColombiaClinical Research InstituteBogotaColombia
| | - Hernando G Gaitán
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de ColombiaDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Clinical Research InstituteCarrera 30 No 45‐03BogotaColombia
| | - Ariel I Ruiz‐Parra
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de ColombiaDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Clinical Research InstituteCarrera 30 No 45‐03BogotaColombia
| | - Anne Lethaby
- University of AucklandDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyPrivate Bag 92019AucklandNew Zealand1142
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22
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Wang Y, Li X, Song S, Wu J. Development of Basal-Like HaCaT Keratinocytes Containing the Genome of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Type 11 for Screening of Anti-HPV Effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:1154-63. [PMID: 24874507 DOI: 10.1177/1087057114536987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Condylomata acuminata (CA), induced by low-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. The increasing incidence and the high recurrence rate of CA have significantly contributed to public health problems around the world. Because HPVs cannot be cultured in vitro for a long time, there has been little progress in the development of HPV-specific antiviral agents. In this study, we established an HPV11.HaCaT system by introducing the recircularized genome of HPV-11 into HaCaT keratinocytes with transfection techniques and cultured them in a special medium. The existence and replication of HPV-11 DNA were positively detected in established HPV11.HaCaT cells. The HPV-11 DNA in HPV11.HaCaT cells has been stably replicated in definite passages of cells. We preliminarily studied the anti-HPV-11 effects of recombinant human interferon α1b (rhIFN-α) and 13-hexyl-palmatine hydrochloride (HP-13) in HPV11.HaCaT cells. The results suggest that HP-13 significantly inhibited the proliferation of HPV11.HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas rhIFN-α did not. HP-13 and rhIFN-α inhibited the replication of HPV-11 DNA and the expression of E1(∧)E4 mRNA in HPV11.HaCaT cells. In conclusion, the established HPV11.HaCaT cells can provide us with a convenient and relatively stable tool for screening anti-HPV-11 agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Shasha Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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23
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Stockfleth E, Meyer T. Sinecatechins (Polyphenon E) ointment for treatment of external genital warts and possible future indications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:1033-43. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.913564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Butler MS, Robertson AAB, Cooper MA. Natural product and natural product derived drugs in clinical trials. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:1612-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c4np00064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The 25 Natural Product (NP)-derived drugs launched since 2008 and the 100 NP-derived compounds and 33 Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) in clinical trials or in registration at the end of 2013 are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Butler
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane, Australia
| | - Avril A. B. Robertson
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew A. Cooper
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience
- The University of Queensland
- Brisbane, Australia
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25
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Muñoz-Santos C, Pigem R, Alsina M. New Treatments for Human Papillomavirus Infection. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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26
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Janero DR. Relieving the cardiometabolic disease burden: a perspective on phytometabolite functional and chemical annotation for diabetes management. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2013; 15:5-10. [PMID: 24156826 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2014.852538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is both a complex, multifactorial disease state and an unsolved, intensifying public-health problem. To help reduce disease burden, some T2D patients have embraced plant-derived substances for use with - if not in place of - prescription medicines, a trend based mainly upon historical precedent and anecdotal observations of human health benefit. Preclinical research has emphasized phytometabolite interactions with purported T2D pathogenic targets and the effects of botanical preparations on experimental T2D symptomology as induced in laboratory animals. More holistic, systems-oriented profiling of phytochemicals with functional-biology, omics, and chemical-fingerprinting tools now appears necessary to increase our appreciation of phytometabolite actions potentially beneficial to the T2D patient. The resultant, multidimensional view of phytometabolite pharmacology should help provide a more rational basis for evaluating the potential of natural plant products as T2D pharmacotherapy. Such information may also help substantiate and legitimize (pre)clinical demonstrations of phytochemical health benefits, advance our understanding of T2D pathogenesis, and offer scope for better T2D medicines. Public-private partnerships are invoked for conducting this research with the ultimate aim of improving the global cardiometabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Janero
- Northeastern University, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Entrepreneurs , 360 Huntington Avenue, 116 Mugar Life Sciences Hall, Boston, MA 02115-5000 , USA +1 617 373 2208 ; +1 617 373 7493 ;
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27
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Muñoz-Santos C, Pigem R, Alsina M. New treatments for human papillomavirus infection. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2013; 104:883-9. [PMID: 23706272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus infection is very common. In this article, we review the latest developments in the treatment of lesions caused by this virus, with a particular focus on anogenital warts. Sinecatechins and new imiquimod formulations are among the most significant new developments. Others include photodynamic therapy and intralesional immunotherapy, but there is insufficient evidence to recommend their routine use. Finally, while therapeutic vaccines and inhibitory molecules appear to hold great promise, they are still in the early phases of investigation. More studies are needed, and these should have similar designs, larger samples, and sufficiently long follow-up periods to enable the direct comparison of the short-term and long-term effectiveness of different treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Muñoz-Santos
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
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28
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Grillo-Ardila CF, Gaitán HG, Angel-Müller E, Ruiz-Parra AI, Lethaby A. Imiquimod for anogenital warts in non-immunocompromised adults. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Bansal S, Vyas S, Bhattacharya S, Sharma M. Catechin prodrugs and analogs: a new array of chemical entities with improved pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:1438-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70038k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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30
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Meyer T, Surber C, French LE, Stockfleth E. Resiquimod, a topical drug for viral skin lesions and skin cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2013.749236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Polyphenon E 10% ointment: a guide to its use in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03262133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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32
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Lyseng-Williamson KA, Hoy SM. Polyphenon E 10% ointment: a guide to its use in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2012. [DOI: 10.2165/11470070-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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33
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Zhu X, Chen H, Cai L, Yu Z, Cai L. Decrease Recurrence Rate of Condylomata Acuminata by Photodynamic Therapy Combined with CO2Laser in Mainland China: A Meta-Analysis. Dermatology 2012; 225:364-70. [DOI: 10.1159/000346330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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34
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Olsen SJ, Malvern KT, May BJ, Jenkins IL, Griffin CA. Partnership with an African American sorority to enhance participation in cancer genetics research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 11:201-7. [PMID: 18417967 DOI: 10.1159/000116880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Reduced minority participation in clinical research challenges researchers to consider novel recruitment modalities. This study describes a formal partnership between the National Educational Foundation of the Zeta Phi Beta Sorority and the Mid-Atlantic Cancer Genetics Network. The goal was to enhance awareness about inherited breast cancer and to increase enrollment in the national Cancer Genetics Network. METHODS In this descriptive, pilot study, two recruitment strategies across four states were undertaken: an onsite educational session at four Annual State Leadership Conferences and a 2-tiered direct mail campaign to the sorority membership. RESULTS Recruitment methods targeted over 1,200 well-educated African American women. Of the 279 attendees at the state conference educational sessions, only 3 women meeting the high risk eligibility requirement enrolled. Direct mail recruitment elicited 24 eligible women. Lessons learned are described. CONCLUSION Despite low accrual, the partnership laid a foundation for broader collaboration with the Zeta Phi Beta Sorority. In the future, collaboration with minority sororities and fraternities as part of standard registry recruitment should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon J Olsen
- Mid-Atlantic Cancer Genetics Network, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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