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Mutlu L, McNamara B, Bellone S, Manavella DD, Demirkiran C, Greenman M, Verzosa MSZ, Buza N, Hui P, Hartwich TMP, Harold J, Yang-Hartwich Y, Zipponi M, Altwerger G, Ratner E, Huang GS, Clark M, Andikyan V, Azodi M, Schwartz PE, Santin AD. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201a), a HER2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate, demonstrates in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity against primary and metastatic ovarian tumors overexpressing HER2. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024:10.1007/s10585-024-10297-z. [PMID: 38909139 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-024-10297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CC), are biologically aggressive tumors endowed with the ability to rapidly metastasize to the abdominal cavity and distant organs. About 10% of HGSOC and 30% of CC demonstrate HER2 IHC 3 + receptor over-expression. We evaluated the efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd; DS-8201a), a novel HER2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) to an ADC isotype control (CTL ADC) against multiple HGSOC and CC tumor models. Eleven ovarian cancer cell lines including a matched primary and metastatic cell line established from the same patient, were evaluated for HER2 expression by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, and gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization assays. In vitro experiments demonstrated T-DXd to be significantly more effective against HER2 3 + HGSOC and CC cell lines when compared to CTL ADC (p < 0.0001). T-DXd induced efficient bystander killing of HER2 non-expressing tumor cells when admixed with HER2 3 + cells. In vivo activity of T-DXd was studied in HER2 IHC 3 + HGSOC and CC mouse xenograft models. We found T-DXd to be significantly more effective than CTL ADC against HER2 3 + HGSOC (KR(CH)31) and CC (OVA10) xenografts with a significant difference in tumor growth starting at day 8 (p = 0.0003 for KR(CH)31, p < 0.0001 for OVA10). T-DXd also conferred a survival advantage in both xenograft models. T-DXd may represent an effective ADC against primary and metastatic HER2-overexpressing HGSOC and CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levent Mutlu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Blair McNamara
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Stefania Bellone
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Diego D Manavella
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Cem Demirkiran
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Michelle Greenman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Miguel Skyler Z Verzosa
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Natalia Buza
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Pei Hui
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Tobias Max Philipp Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Justin Harold
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yang Yang-Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Margherita Zipponi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Gary Altwerger
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Elena Ratner
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Gloria S Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Mitchell Clark
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Vaagn Andikyan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Masoud Azodi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Peter E Schwartz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, 333 Cedar Street, LSOG 305, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Yang F, Yan L, Ji J, Lou Y, Zhu J. HER2 puzzle pieces: Non-Coding RNAs as keys to mechanisms, chemoresistance, and clinical outcomes in Ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155335. [PMID: 38723327 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) presents significant challenges, characterized by limited treatment options and therapy resistance often attributed to dysregulation of the HER2 signaling pathway. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key players in regulating gene expression in OC. This comprehensive review underscores the pivotal role of ncRNAs in modulating HER2 signaling, with a specific focus on their mechanisms, impact on chemoresistance, and prognostic/diagnostic implications. MicroRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs have been identified as essential regulators in the modulation of the HER2 pathway. By directly targeting key components of the HER2 axis, these ncRNAs influence its activation and downstream signaling cascades. Dysregulated ncRNAs have been closely associated with chemoresistance, leading to treatment failures and disease progression in OC. Furthermore, distinct expression profiles of ncRNAs hold promise as reliable prognostic and diagnostic markers, facilitating personalized treatment strategies and enhancing disease outcome assessments. A comprehensive understanding of how ncRNAs intricately modulate HER2 signaling is imperative for the development of targeted therapies and the improvement of patient outcomes. The integration of ncRNA profiles into clinical practice has the potential to enhance prognostic and diagnostic accuracy in the management of ovarian cancer. Further research efforts are essential to validate the clinical utility of ncRNAs and elucidate their precise roles in the regulation of HER2 signaling. In conclusion, ncRNAs play a crucial role in governing HER2 signaling in ovarian cancer, impacting chemoresistance and providing valuable prognostic and diagnostic insights. The exploration of ncRNA-mediated HER2 modulation offers promising avenues for the development of personalized treatment approaches, ultimately advancing patient care and outcomes in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Yang
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China.
| | - Lixiang Yan
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Junnan Ji
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Yunxia Lou
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Jinlu Zhu
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
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Li W, Zhang K, Wang W, Liu Y, Huang J, Zheng M, Li L, Zhang X, Xu M, Chen G, Wang L, Zhang S. Combined inhibition of HER2 and VEGFR synergistically improves therapeutic efficacy via PI3K-AKT pathway in advanced ovarian cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:56. [PMID: 38403634 PMCID: PMC10895844 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is a prevalent malignancy in the female reproductive system, and developing effective targeted therapies for this disease remains challenging. The aim of this study was to use clinically-relevant OC models to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of RC48, an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting HER2, either alone or in combination with the VEGFR inhibitor Cediranib Maleate (CM), for the treatment of advanced OC. METHODS OC tumor specimens and cell lines were analyzed to determine HER2 and VEGFR expression by Western blot, immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. Moreover, the OC cell lines, cell-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were treated with RC48 and/or CM and then subjected to cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis, and tumor growth analyses to evaluate the feasibility of combination therapy for OC both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, RNA-Seq was performed to investigate the critical mechanism underlying the combination therapy of RC48 and CM. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that RC48 alone effectively targeted and inhibited the growth of HER2-positive OC tumors in both cell lines and PDX models. Furthermore, the combination of RC48 and CM synergistically induced tumor regression in human OC cell lines, as well as CDX and PDX models. Mechanistically, we observed that the combination treatment inhibited the growth of OC cells involved inducing apoptosis and suppressing cell motility. RNA-seq analysis provided further mechanistic insights and revealed that co-administration of RC48 and CM downregulated multiple cancer-related pathways, including the AKT/mTOR pathway, cell cycle, and cell proliferation. Notably, our data further confirmed that the PI3K-AKT pathway played a key role in the inhibition of proliferation triggered by combinational treatment of RC48 and CM in OC cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a preclinical framework supporting the potential of dual targeting HER2 and VEGFR as a promising therapeutic strategy to improve outcomes in patients with OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisong Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ganzhou People's Hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jianming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Meihong Zheng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Minjuan Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ganzhou People's Hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Guofang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Liefeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Shuyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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Targeting receptor tyrosine kinases in ovarian cancer: Genomic dysregulation, clinical evaluation of inhibitors, and potential for combinatorial therapies. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 28:293-306. [PMID: 36911068 PMCID: PMC9999170 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have long been sought as therapeutic targets for EOC, as they are frequently hyperactivated in primary tumors and drive disease relapse, progression, and metastasis. More recently, these oncogenic drivers have been implicated in EOC response to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and epigenome-interfering agents. This evidence revives RTKs as promising targets for therapeutic intervention of EOC. This review summarizes recent studies on the role of RTKs in EOC malignancy and the use of their inhibitors for clinical treatment. Our focus is on the ERBB family, c-Met, and VEGFR, as they are linked to drug resistance and targetable using commercially available drugs. The importance of these RTKs and their inhibitors is highlighted by their impact on signal transduction and intratumoral heterogeneity in EOC and successful use as maintenance therapy in the clinic through suppression of the VEGF/VEGFR axis. Finally, the therapeutic potential of RTK inhibitors is discussed in the context of combinatorial targeting via co-inhibiting proliferative and anti-apoptotic pathways, epigenomic/transcriptional programs, and harnessing the efficacy of PARP inhibitors and programmed cell death 1/ligand 1 immune checkpoint therapies.
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Deshet-Unger N, Horn G, Rawet-Slobodkin M, Waks T, Laskov I, Michaan N, Raz Y, Bar V, Zundelevich A, Aharon S, Turovsky L, Mallel G, Salpeter S, Neev G, Hollander KS, Katz BZ, Grisaru D, Globerson Levin A. Comparing Intraperitoneal and Intravenous Personalized ErbB2CAR-T for the Treatment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092216. [PMID: 36140319 PMCID: PMC9496506 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common type of epithelial ovarian cancer. The majority of cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, when intraperitoneal (IP) spread has already occurred. Despite significant surgical and chemotherapeutic advances in HGSOC treatment over the past decades, survival rates with HGSOC have only modestly improved. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells enable T cells to directly bind to tumor-associated antigens in a major histocompatibility complex-independent manner, thereby inducing tumor rejection. While CAR-T cell therapy shows great promise in hematological malignancies, its use in solid tumors is limited. Therefore, innovative approaches are needed to increase the specificity of CAR-modified T cells against solid tumors. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal (IP) versus intravenous (IV) CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of HGSOC. We constructed a CAR that targets the ErbB2/HER2 protein (ErbB2CAR), which is overexpressed in HGSOC, and evaluated the functionality of ErbB2CAR on ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR8, SKOV3, and NAR). Our findings show that an IP injection of ErbB2CAR-T cells to tumor-bearing mice led to disease remission and increased survival compared to the IV route. Moreover, we found that IP-injected ErbB2CART cells circulate to a lesser extent, making them safer for non-tumor tissues than IV-injected cells. Further supporting our findings, we show that the effect of ErbB2CAR-T cells on primary HGSOC tumors is correlated with ErbB2 expression. Together, these data demonstrate the advantages of an IP administration of CAR-T cells over IV administration, offering not only a safer strategy but also the potential for counteracting the effect of ErbB2CAR in HGSOC. Significance: IP-injected ErbB2CAR-T cells led to disease remission and increased survival compared to the IV route. These findings demonstrate the advantages of IP administration, offering a safe treatment strategy with the potential for counteracting the effect of ErbB2CAR in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naamit Deshet-Unger
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Galit Horn
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Moran Rawet-Slobodkin
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Tova Waks
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ido Laskov
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Nadav Michaan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yael Raz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Vered Bar
- cResponce Company, Rehovot 7670102, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guy Neev
- cResponce Company, Rehovot 7670102, Israel
| | - Kenneth Samuel Hollander
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
| | - Ben-Zion Katz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Hematology Laboratory, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dan Grisaru
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Anat Globerson Levin
- Immunology and Advanced CAR-T Therapy, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Dotan Center for Advanced Therapies, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-3-6972503
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A HER2 Tri-Specific NK Cell Engager Mediates Efficient Targeting of Human Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163994. [PMID: 34439149 PMCID: PMC8394622 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary HER2 is a marker known to be over-expressed on breast cancer, rendering it one of the most useful solid tumor targets for antibody-based therapies. Despite expression on ovarian cancer, results targeting HER2 in this setting have been disappointing, thus requiring more aggressive approaches. Natural killer (NK) cells are known as principal mediators of cancer cell killing, but cancer cells find ways to deter them. We devised a tri-specific biological drug containing antibody fragments that simultaneously binds NK cells and cancer cells and at the same time delivers a natural cytokine signal that triggers robust NK cell expansion. In vitro studies show the drug augments NK cell killing of a number of HER2-positive human cell lines, while enhancing NK cell activation and proliferation. Studies in mice engrafted with human ovarian cancer showed the drug has anti-tumor efficacy, clearly demonstrating its ability to bolster NK cells in their ability to contain tumor cell growth. Abstract Clinical studies validated antibodies directed against HER2, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab, as useful methodology to target breast cancer cases where HER2 is expressed. The hope was that HER2 targeting using these antibodies in ovarian cancer patients would prove useful as well, but clinical studies have shown lackluster results in this setting, indicating a need for a more comprehensive approach. Immunotherapy approaches stimulating the innate immune system show great promise, although enhancing natural killer (NK) function is not an established mainstream immunotherapy. This study focused on a new nanobody platform technology in which the bispecific antibody was altered to incorporate a cytokine. Herein we describe bioengineered CAM1615HER2 consisting of a camelid VHH antibody fragment recognizing CD16 and a single chain variable fragment (scFv) recognizing HER2 cross-linked by the human interleukin-15 (IL-15) cytokine. This tri-specific killer engager (TriKETM) showed in vitro prowess in its ability to kill ovarian cancer human cell lines. In addition, we demonstrated its efficacy in inducing potent anti-cancer effects in an in vivo xenograft model of human ovarian cancer engrafting both cancer cells and human NK cells. While previous approaches with trastuzumab and pertuzumab faltered in ovarian cancer, the hope is incorporating targeting and cytokine priming within the same molecule will enhance efficacy in this setting.
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Kressin M, Fietz D, Becker S, Strebhardt K. Modelling the Functions of Polo-Like Kinases in Mice and Their Applications as Cancer Targets with a Special Focus on Ovarian Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:1176. [PMID: 34065956 PMCID: PMC8151477 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinases (PLKs) belong to a five-membered family of highly conserved serine/threonine kinases (PLK1-5) that play differentiated and essential roles as key mitotic kinases and cell cycle regulators and with this in proliferation and cellular growth. Besides, evidence is accumulating for complex and vital non-mitotic functions of PLKs. Dysregulation of PLKs is widely associated with tumorigenesis and by this, PLKs have gained increasing significance as attractive targets in cancer with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential. PLK1 has proved to have strong clinical relevance as it was found to be over-expressed in different cancer types and linked to poor patient prognosis. Targeting the diverse functions of PLKs (tumor suppressor, oncogenic) are currently at the center of numerous investigations in particular with the inhibition of PLK1 and PLK4, respectively in multiple cancer trials. Functions of PLKs and the effects of their inhibition have been extensively studied in cancer cell culture models but information is rare on how these drugs affect benign tissues and organs. As a step further towards clinical application as cancer targets, mouse models therefore play a central role. Modelling PLK function in animal models, e.g., by gene disruption or by treatment with small molecule PLK inhibitors offers promising possibilities to unveil the biological significance of PLKs in cancer maintenance and progression and give important information on PLKs' applicability as cancer targets. In this review we aim at summarizing the approaches of modelling PLK function in mice so far with a special glimpse on the significance of PLKs in ovarian cancer and of orthotopic cancer models used in this fatal malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kressin
- Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Daniela Fietz
- Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Sven Becker
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Klaus Strebhardt
- Department of Gynecology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.B.); (K.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Partner Site Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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Avan Z, Biabani Ardakani J, Talebpour Amiri F, Abedi SM, Hosseinimehr SJ. The Potential Usefulness of 99mTc-HYNIC-(Ser)3-LTVPWY Peptide for Predicting HER2 Status Alteration After Chemotherapy in Ovarian Tumor-Bearing Mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 37:862-869. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Avan
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Javad Biabani Ardakani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy and Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Abedi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Lara OD, Bayraktar E, Amero P, Ma S, Ivan C, Hu W, Wang Y, Mangala LS, Dutta P, Bhattacharya P, Ashizawa AT, Lopez-Berestein G, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Sood AK. Therapeutic efficacy of liposomal Grb2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (L-Grb2) in preclinical models of ovarian and uterine cancer. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2819-2833. [PMID: 32754300 PMCID: PMC7381098 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptor proteins such as growth factor receptor-bound protein-2 (Grb2) play important roles in cancer cell signaling. In the present study, we examined the biological effects of liposomal antisense oligodeoxynucleotide that blocks Grb2 expression (L-Grb2) in gynecologic cancer models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine orthotopic models of ovarian (OVCAR5 and SKOV3ip1) and uterine (Hec1a) cancer were used to study the biological effects of L-Grb2 on tumor growth. In vitro experiments (cell viability assay, Western blot analysis, siRNA transfection, and reverse phase protein array) were carried out to elucidate the mechanisms and potential predictors of tumor response to L-Grb2. FINDINGS Treatment with L-Grb2 decreased tumor growth and metastasis in orthotopic models of ovarian cancer (OVCAR5, SKOV3ip1) by reducing angiogenesis and increasing apoptosis at a dose of 15 mg/kg with no effect on mouse body weight. Treatment with L-Grb2 and paclitaxel led to the greatest decrease in tumor weight (mean ± SEM, 0.17 g ± 0.10 g) compared with that in control mice (0.99 g ± 0.35 g). We also observed a reduction in tumor burden after treatment with L-Grb2 and the anti-VEGF antibody B-20 (86% decrease in tumor weight compared with that in controls). Ovarian cancer cells with ErbB2 amplification (OVCAR8 and SKOV3ip1) were the most sensitive to Grb2 downregulation. Reverse phase protein array analysis identified significant dysregulation of metabolites (LDHA, GAPDH, and TCA intermediates) in ovarian cancer cells after Grb2 downregulation. INTERPRETATION L-Grb2 has therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of ovarian and uterine cancer. These findings support further clinical development of L-Grb2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia D. Lara
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paola Amero
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaolin Ma
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lingegowda S. Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Prasanta Dutta
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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10
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Indra R, Pompach P, Martínek V, Takácsová P, Vavrová K, Heger Z, Adam V, Eckschlager T, Kopečková K, Arlt VM, Stiborová M. Identification of Human Enzymes Oxidizing the Anti-Thyroid-Cancer Drug Vandetanib and Explanation of the High Efficiency of Cytochrome P450 3A4 in its Oxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143392. [PMID: 31295928 PMCID: PMC6679423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of vandetanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for treatment of symptomatic/progressive medullary thyroid cancer, was studied using human hepatic microsomes, recombinant cytochromes P450 (CYPs) and flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs). The role of CYPs and FMOs in the microsomal metabolism of vandetanib to N-desmethylvandetanib and vandetanib-N-oxide was investigated by examining the effects of CYP/FMO inhibitors and by correlating CYP-/FMO-catalytic activities in each microsomal sample with the amounts of N-desmethylvandetanib/vandetanib-N-oxide formed by these samples. CYP3A4/FMO-activities significantly correlated with the formation of N-desmethylvandetanib/ vandetanib-N-oxide. Based on these studies, most of the vandetanib metabolism was attributed to N-desmethylvandetanib/vandetanib-N-oxide to CYP3A4/FMO3. Recombinant CYP3A4 was most efficient to form N-desmethylvandetanib, while FMO1/FMO3 generated N-oxide. Cytochrome b5 stimulated the CYP3A4-catalyzed formation of N-desmethylvandetanib, which is of great importance because CYP3A4 is not only most efficient in generating N-desmethylvandetanib, but also most significant due to its high expression in human liver. Molecular modeling indicated that binding of more than one molecule of vandetanib into the CYP3A4-active center can be responsible for the high efficiency of CYP3A4 N-demethylating vandetanib. Indeed, the CYP3A4-mediated reaction exhibits kinetics of positive cooperativity and this corresponded to the in silico model, where two vandetanib molecules were found in CYP3A4-active center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pompach
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Martínek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Paulína Takácsová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Vavrová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Eckschlager
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84/1, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kopečková
- Department of Oncology, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84/1, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Volker Manfred Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England and Imperial College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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11
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Nami B, Maadi H, Wang Z. The Effects of Pertuzumab and Its Combination with Trastuzumab on HER2 Homodimerization and Phosphorylation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030375. [PMID: 30884851 PMCID: PMC6468664 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pertuzumab (Perjeta) is an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody that is used for treatment of HER2-positive breast cancers in combination with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and docetaxel and showed promising clinical outcomes. Pertuzumab is suggested to block heterodimerization of HER2 with EGFR and HER3 that abolishes canonical function of HER2. However, evidence on the exact mode of action of pertuzumab in homodimerization of HER2 are limited. In this study, we investigated the effect of pertuzumab and its combination with trastuzumab on HER2 homodimerization, phosphorylation and whole gene expression profile in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably overexpressing human HER2 (CHO-K6). CHO-K6 cells were treated with pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and their combination, and then HER2 homodimerization and phosphorylation at seven pY sites were investigated. The effects of the monoclonal antibodies on whole gene expression and the expression of cell cycle stages, apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis were studied by cDNA microarray. Results showed that pertuzumab had no significant effect on HER2 homodimerization, however, trastuzumab increased HER2 homodimerization. Interestingly, pertuzumab increased HER2 phosphorylation at Y1127, Y1139, and Y1196 residues, while trastuzumab increased HER2 phosphorylation at Y1196. More surprisingly, combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab blocked the phosphorylation of Y1005 and Y1127 of HER2. Our results also showed that pertuzumab, but not trastuzumab, abrogated the effect of HER2 overexpression on cell cycle in particular G1/S transition, G2/M transition, and M phase, whereas trastuzumab abolished the inhibitory effect of HER2 on apoptosis. Our findings confirm that pertuzumab is unable to inhibit HER2 homodimerization but induces HER2 phosphorylation at some pY sites that abolishes HER2 effects on cell cycle progress. These data suggest that the clinical effects of pertuzumab may mostly through the inhibition of HER2 heterodimers, rather than HER2 homodimers and that pertuzumab binding to HER2 may inhibit non-canonical HER2 activation and function in non-HER-mediated and dimerization-independent pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Nami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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12
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Harris FR, Zhang P, Yang L, Hou X, Leventakos K, Weroha SJ, Vasmatzis G, Kovtun IV. Targeting HER2 in patient-derived xenograft ovarian cancer models sensitizes tumors to chemotherapy. Mol Oncol 2018; 13:132-152. [PMID: 30499260 PMCID: PMC6360362 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. About 75% of ovarian cancer patients relapse and/or develop chemo‐resistant disease after initial response to standard‐of‐care treatment with platinum‐based therapies. HER2 amplifications and overexpression in ovarian cancer are reported to vary, and responses to HER2 inhibitors have been poor. Next generation sequencing technologies in conjunction with testing using patient‐derived xenografts (PDX) allow validation of personalized treatments. Using a whole‐genome mate‐pair next generation sequencing (MPseq) protocol, we identified several high grade serous ovarian cancers (HGS‐OC) with DNA alterations in genes encoding members of the ERBB2 pathway. The efficiency of anti‐HER2 therapy was tested in three different PDX lines with the identified alterations and high levels of HER2 protein expression. Treatment responses to pertuzumab or pertuzumab/trastuzumab were compared in each PDX line WITH standard carboplatin and paclitaxel combination treatment. In all three PDX models, HER2‐targeted therapy resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth compared with untreated controls. However, the responses in each case were inferior to those to chemotherapy, even for chemo‐resistant lines. When chemotherapy and HER2‐targeted therapy were administered together, a significant regression of tumor was observed after 6 weeks of treatment compared with chemotherapy alone. Post‐treatment analysis of these tissues revealed that inhibition of the ERBB2 pathway occurred at the level of phosphorylation and expression of downstream targets. In conclusion, while targeting of presumably activated ERBB2 pathway alone in HGS‐OC results in a modest treatment benefit, a combination therapy including both chemotherapy drugs and HER2 inhibitors provides a far better response. Further studies are needed to address development of recurrence and sensitivity of recurrent disease to HER2‐targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye R Harris
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Piyan Zhang
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiaonan Hou
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Saravut J Weroha
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - George Vasmatzis
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Irina V Kovtun
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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13
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Zanini E, Louis LS, Antony J, Karali E, Okon IS, McKie AB, Vaughan S, El-Bahrawy M, Stebbing J, Recchi C, Gabra H. The Tumor-Suppressor Protein OPCML Potentiates Anti-EGFR- and Anti-HER2-Targeted Therapy in HER2-Positive Ovarian and Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2246-2256. [PMID: 28775148 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Opioid-binding protein/cell adhesion molecule-like (OPCML) is a tumor-suppressor gene that is frequently inactivated in ovarian cancer and many other cancers by somatic methylation. We have previously shown that OPCML exerts its suppressor function by negatively regulating a spectrum of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), such as ErbB2/HER2, FGFR1, and EphA2, thus attenuating their related downstream signaling. The physical interaction of OPCML with this defined group of RTKs is a prerequisite for their downregulation. Overexpression/gene amplification of EGFR and HER2 is a frequent event in multiple cancers, including ovarian and breast cancers. Molecular therapeutics against EGFR/HER2 or EGFR only, such as lapatinib and erlotinib, respectively, were developed to target these receptors, but resistance often occurs in relapsing cancers. Here we show that, though OPCML interacts only with HER2 and not with EGFR, the interaction of OPCML with HER2 disrupts the formation of the HER2-EGFR heterodimer, and this translates into a better response to both lapatinib and erlotinib in HER2-expressing ovarian and breast cancer cell lines. Also, we show that high OPCML expression is associated with better response to lapatinib therapy in breast cancer patients and better survival in HER2-overexpressing ovarian cancer patients, suggesting that OPCML co-therapy could be a valuable sensitizing approach to RTK inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(10); 2246-56. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Zanini
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louay S Louis
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Antony
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evdoxia Karali
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Imoh S Okon
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Arthur B McKie
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Vaughan
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mona El-Bahrawy
- Department of Histopathology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Recchi
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Hani Gabra
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
- Clinical Discovery Unit, Early Clinical Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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14
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Paris L, Podo F, Spadaro F, Abalsamo L, Pisanu ME, Ricci A, Cecchetti S, Altabella L, Buoncervello M, Lozneanu L, Bagnoli M, Ramoni C, Canevari S, Mezzanzanica D, Iorio E, Canese R. Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C inhibition reduces HER2-overexpression, cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth in a highly tumorigenic ovarian cancer model. Oncotarget 2017; 8:55022-55038. [PMID: 28903399 PMCID: PMC5589638 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Antagonizing the oncogenic effects of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with current anti-HER2 agents has not yet yielded major progress in the treatment of advanced HER2-positive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Using preclinical models to explore alternative molecular mechanisms affecting HER2 overexpression and oncogenicity may lead to new strategies for EOC patient treatment. We previously reported that phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) exerts a pivotal role in regulating HER2 overexpression in breast cancer cells. The present study, conducted on two human HER2-overexpressing EOC cell lines - SKOV3 and its in vivo-passaged SKOV3.ip cell variant characterized by enhanced in vivo tumorigenicity - and on SKOV3.ip xenografts implanted in SCID mice, showed: a) about 2-fold higher PC-PLC and HER2 protein expression levels in SKOV3.ip compared to SKOV3 cells; b) physical association of PC-PLC with HER2 in non-raft domains; c) HER2 internalization and ca. 50% reduction of HER2 mRNA and protein expression levels in SKOV3.ip cells exposed to the PC-PLC inhibitor tricyclodecan-9-yl-potassium xanthate (D609); d) differential effects of D609 and trastuzumab on HER2 protein expression and cell proliferation; e) decreased in vivo tumor growth in SKOV3.ip xenografts during in vivo treatment with D609; f) potential use of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI) parameters as biomarkers of EOC response to PC-PLC inhibition. Overall, these findings support the view that PC-PLC inhibition may represent an effective means to target the tumorigenic effects of HER2 overexpression in EOC and that in vivo MR approaches can efficiently monitor its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Paris
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Franca Podo
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Spadaro
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Abalsamo
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Pisanu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ricci
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Serena Cecchetti
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Luisa Altabella
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Buoncervello
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Ludmila Lozneanu
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milano, Italy.,Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115, Iasi, Romania
| | - Marina Bagnoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Ramoni
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Delia Mezzanzanica
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Egidio Iorio
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Rossella Canese
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Roma, Italy
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15
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Veigel D, Wagner R, Stübiger G, Wuczkowski M, Filipits M, Horvat R, Benhamú B, López-Rodríguez ML, Leisser A, Valent P, Grusch M, Hegardt FG, García J, Serra D, Auersperg N, Colomer R, Grunt TW. Fatty acid synthase is a metabolic marker of cell proliferation rather than malignancy in ovarian cancer and its precursor cells. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:2078-90. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Veigel
- Signaling Networks Program; Division of Oncology; Department of Medicine I; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Renate Wagner
- Signaling Networks Program; Division of Oncology; Department of Medicine I; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Gerald Stübiger
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research; Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Michael Wuczkowski
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research; Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Martin Filipits
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Institute of Cancer Research; Department of Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Reinhard Horvat
- Clinical Institute of Pathology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Bellinda Benhamú
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - María Luz López-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Asha Leisser
- Signaling Networks Program; Division of Oncology; Department of Medicine I; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology; Vienna Austria
| | - Peter Valent
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology; Vienna Austria
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology; Department of Medicine I; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Institute of Cancer Research; Department of Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Fausto G. Hegardt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); Barcelona Spain
- CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Jordi García
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); Barcelona Spain
- CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Facultat de Química; Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); Barcelona Spain
- CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - Nelly Auersperg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Ramón Colomer
- Department of Medical Oncology; Hospital Universitario La Princesa; Madrid Spain
- Clinical Research Program; Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO); Madrid Spain
| | - Thomas W. Grunt
- Signaling Networks Program; Division of Oncology; Department of Medicine I; Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna; Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology; Vienna Austria
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16
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Targeting HER2 in ovarian and uterine cancers: Challenges and future directions. Gynecol Oncol 2014; 135:364-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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17
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Hiss D. Optimizing molecular-targeted therapies in ovarian cancer: the renewed surge of interest in ovarian cancer biomarkers and cell signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:737981. [PMID: 22481932 PMCID: PMC3306947 DOI: 10.1155/2012/737981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hallmarks of ovarian cancer encompass the development of resistance, disease recurrence and poor prognosis. Ovarian cancer cells express gene signatures which pose significant challenges for cancer drug development, therapeutics, prevention and management. Despite enhancements in contemporary tumor debulking surgery, tentative combination regimens and abdominal radiation which can achieve beneficial response rates, the majority of ovarian cancer patients not only experience adverse effects, but also eventually relapse. Therefore, additional therapeutic possibilities need to be explored to minimize adverse events and prolong progression-free and overall response rates in ovarian cancer patients. Currently, a revival in cancer drug discovery is devoted to identifying diagnostic and prognostic ovarian cancer biomarkers. However, the sensitivity and reliability of such biomarkers may be complicated by mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, diverse genetic risk factors, unidentified initiation and progression elements, molecular tumor heterogeneity and disease staging. There is thus a dire need to expand existing ovarian cancer therapies with broad-spectrum and individualized molecular targeted approaches. The aim of this review is to profile recent developments in our understanding of the interrelationships among selected ovarian tumor biomarkers, heterogeneous expression signatures and related molecular signal transduction pathways, and their translation into more efficacious targeted treatment rationales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donavon Hiss
- Molecular Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical BioSciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Tomek K, Wagner R, Varga F, Singer CF, Karlic H, Grunt TW. Blockade of Fatty Acid Synthase Induces Ubiquitination and Degradation of Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Signaling Proteins in Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2011; 9:1767-79. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-10-0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hoopmann M, Sachse K, Valter MM, Becker M, Neumann R, Ortmann M, Göhring UJ, Thomas A, Mallmann P, Schöndorf T. Serological and immunohistochemical HER-2/neu statuses do not correlate and lack prognostic value for ovarian cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2011; 19:809-15. [PMID: 20105224 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2009.01112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The serodiagnostics of extracellular domain (ECD) HER-2/neu has turned into an evidenced-based tumour marker for HER-2/neu-positive breast cancer patients. This study investigated the clinical relevance of immunohistochemical and serum HER-2/neu in 44 patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The Hercept-Test® from DAKO Diagnostics was used to analyse immunohistochemical HER-2/neu expression. The HER-2/neu ECD in serum was determined quantitatively by Bayer Immuno 1™ Immunoanalyser. The HER-2/neu serum values were correlated to the clinical course of disease and to established prognostic factors, i.e. progression-free and overall survival. Some 23% of patients (n = 11) expressed HER-2/neu serum levels higher than 15 ng/mL, whereas only 7.7% (n = 2) of the patients examined by immunohistochemistry showed a HER-2/neu overexpression of the tissue. None of them revealed an overexpression of HER-2/neu ECD by serodiagnostics. HER-2/neu overexpression did not correlate significantly to any of the analysed prognostic factors. According to progression-free and overall survival, there was no significant difference between serologically HER-2/neu-positive or negative patients. For ovarian cancer patients, neither high HER-2/neu serum levels, nor immunohistochemically determined HER-2/neu positivity, appear to predict the course of disease. This study shows a lack of association between the immunohistochemical HER-2/neu status and the serum level of solute extracelluar HER-2/neu domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hoopmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Nazarenko I, Jenny M, Keil J, Gieseler C, Weisshaupt K, Sehouli J, Legewie S, Herbst L, Weichert W, Darb-Esfahani S, Dietel M, Schäfer R, Ueberall F, Sers C. Atypical protein kinase C zeta exhibits a proapoptotic function in ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:919-34. [PMID: 20501645 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular signaling governed by serine/threonine kinases comprises the molecular interface between cell surface receptors and the nuclear transcriptional machinery. The protein kinase C (PKC) family members are involved in the control of many signaling processes directing cell proliferation, motility, and survival. Here, we examined a role of different PKC isoenzymes in protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and HRSL3 tumor suppressor-dependent cell death induction in the ovarian carcinoma cell line OVCAR-3. Phosphorylation and activity of PKC isoenzymes were measured in response to PP2A or phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition or HRSL3 overexpression. These experiments indicated a regulation of PKC, epsilon, zeta, and iota through PP2A and/or HRSL3, but not of PKCalpha and beta. Using isoform-specific peptide inhibitors and overexpression approaches, we verified a contribution to PP2A- and HRLS3-dependent apoptosis only for PKCzeta, suggesting a proapoptotic function of this kinase. We observed a significant proportion of human ovarian carcinomas expressing high levels of PKCzeta, which correlated with poor prognosis. Primary ovarian carcinoma cells isolated from patients also responded to okadaic acid treatment with increased phosphorylation of PKCzeta and apoptosis induction. Thus, our data indicate a contribution of PKCzeta in survival control in ovarian carcinoma cells and suggest that upregulation or activation of tyrosine kinase receptors in this tumor might impinge onto apoptosis control through the negative regulation of the atypical PKCzeta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Nazarenko
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Hermann von Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Malecki M, Proczka R, Chorostowska-Wynimko J, Swoboda P, Delbani A, Pachecka J. Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV2) facilitate the intraperitoneal gene delivery to cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2010; 1:177-180. [PMID: 22966278 DOI: 10.3892/ol_00000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination of cancer cells is characteristic of advanced stages of ovarian, breast and lung cancers, and is associated with poor patient survival. The presence of cancer cells in effusions complicates treatment protocols, while cell eradication is seriously limited. One of the novel options available is cancer gene therapy with recombinant adeno-associated viruses. This combination represents the most promising gene delivery vehicles to neoplasmatic cells within serosal cavities due to their unique properties that include the ability to infect proliferating cells of broad host range, as well as the potential of long-term expression. Recombinant infectious adeno-associated virus serotype 2 particles (rAAV2) were produced in a helper-free system using an AAV-293 packaging cell line, and quantitatively analyzed by real-time PCR. Balb/c mice intraperitoneally pre-injected with L1 cancer cells were treated with different doses of rAAV2. Subsequently, the mice were sacrificed and intraperitoneal effusions were analyzed for rAAV presence and rAAV/β-galactosidase (LacZ) vector efficiency in order to infect cancer cells within the peritoneal cavity. We reported an efficient infection of L1 cancer cells disseminated into the peritoneal cavity by rAAV2. The expression of reporter genes (GFP and LacZ) attributable to the rAAV cell uptake was closely dependent on an applied multiplicity of infection ratio (MOI). The highest infection efficiency was observed at a MOI of 50 and 200. Our study confirmed the ability of adeno-associated viruses to facilitate gene transferability to cancer cells disseminated in the serosal cavity, as well as the potential usefulness of these viruses as a new approach in cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Malecki
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Role of chemokine network in the development and progression of ovarian cancer: a potential novel pharmacological target. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2009; 2010:426956. [PMID: 20049170 PMCID: PMC2798669 DOI: 10.1155/2010/426956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most common type of gynecologic malignancy. Despite advances in surgery and chemotherapy, the survival rate is still low since most ovarian cancers relapse and become drug-resistant. Chemokines are small chemoattractant peptides mainly involved in the immune responses. More recently, chemokines were also demonstrated to regulate extra-immunological functions. It was shown that the chemokine network plays crucial functions in the tumorigenesis in several tissues. In particular the imbalanced or aberrant expression of CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 strongly affects cancer cell proliferation, recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, neovascularization, and metastasization. In the last years, several molecules able to target CXCR4 or CXCL12 have been developed to interfere with tumor growth, including pharmacological inhibitors, antagonists, and specific antibodies. This chemokine ligand/receptor pair was also proposed to represent an innovative therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Thus, a thorough understanding of ovarian cancer biology, and how chemokines may control these different biological activities might lead to the development of more effective therapies. This paper will focus on the current biology of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in the context of understanding their potential role in ovarian cancer development.
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Grimley PM, Matsuno RK, Rosenberg PS, Henson DE, Schwartz AM, Anderson WF. Qualitative age interactions between low-grade and high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:2256-61. [PMID: 19622723 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian epithelial carcinomas, including the predominant serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) type, are heterogeneous malignancies. Even though invasive SOCs of low and high grade can be distinguished by morphology and molecular or immunohistochemical profiles, age-specific risks relevant to their separate carcinogenic pathways and clinical features have not been fully explored. METHODS In search of further clues to the etiology/pathogenesis of low-grade and high-grade SOCs, we analyzed incidence rate patterns. Case and age-adjusted population data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program for years 1990 through 2005. Descriptive epidemiology for n = 19,899 cases was supplemented with age-period-cohort models fitted by grade. RESULTS SOC age-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR) of high to low grade (IRR(H/L)) were <1.0 before age 40, and >1.0 thereafter. Accordingly, SOC age-specific incidence rates were also greater for low grade before age 40 years, and then greater for high grade. The reversals of IRR(H/L), with crossings of the age-specific incidence rate near age 40 years occurred irrespective of early or late SOC stage. These results were reproducible and reliable in age-period-cohort models that were adjusted for period and cohort effects (P approximately 0 for age interactions by grade). CONCLUSIONS Robust qualitative age interactions between low-grade and high-grade SOC showed that grade is an age-specific effect modifier in these malignancies. With increasing research interest in identifying the genomic determinants of SOC risk, therapeutic response, and outcome, future analytic studies and clinical trials should be powered to account for age-dependent grade interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Grimley
- Department of Pathology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy and the leading cause of death from gynecological cancer. Most women present with advanced disease with little prospect for cure. There have been some advances in surgical and chemotherapeutic strategies, but these approaches have led to only minor improvements in outcome. There remains a significant risk for recurrence and resistance to therapy, and hence there is a need to improve upon the current treatment options. Molecularly directed therapy aims to target tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment by blocking specific molecular changes in the cancer. The most promising agents so far are the antiangiogenic agents and polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibitors. This article reviews the various targeted therapeutic approaches under clinical investigation in ovarian cancer and the challenges facing their future success in the clinic.
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Grunt TW, Wagner R, Grusch M, Berger W, Singer CF, Marian B, Zielinski CC, Lupu R. Interaction between fatty acid synthase- and ErbB-systems in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 385:454-9. [PMID: 19467222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) represents a metabolic oncogene. It produces phospholipids for membrane microdomains that accommodate receptor tyrosine kinases including Epidermal Growth Factor-Receptor (EGFR, ErbB1) and ErbB2 (HER2/neu). FASN and ErbBs are overexpressed in ovarian cancer. We examined the effect of FASN and ErbB inhibition on A2780 and SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Growth assays reveal that FASN inhibitor C75 sensitizes tumor cells against anti-ErbB drugs (pelitinib [EKB-569], canertinib [CI-1033], erlotinib, cetuximab, matuzumab, trastuzumab) suggesting FASN/ErbB cooperation. qRT-PCR and Western blotting revealed that C75 represses FASN, EGFR, ErbB2, and AKT suggesting that FASN-induced membrane microdomains accommodate/stabilize ErbBs and facilitate AKT recruitment/activation. Our data indicate that AKT is crucial for ErbB/FASN interaction, AKT cross-inhibits ERK and feeds loops that boost FASN and EGFR transcription, and EGFR and ErbB2 must be co-silenced for maximal FASN downregulation. Taken together, interference with FASN and ErbB abrogates their oncogenicity and should be exploited for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Grunt
- Signaling Networks Program, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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