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Lu W, Wen J. H 2S-RhoA/ROCK Pathway and Glial Cells in Axonal Remyelination After Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5493-5504. [PMID: 37322287 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main reasons of disability and death. Stroke-induced functional deficits are mainly due to the secondary degeneration of the white matter characterized by axonal demyelination and injury of axon-glial integrity. Enhancement of the axonal regeneration and remyelination could promote the neural functional recovery. However, cerebral ischemia-induced activation of RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway plays a crucial and harmful role in the process of axonal recovery and regeneration. Inhibition of this pathway could promote the axonal regeneration and remyelination. In addition, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has the significant neuroprotective role during the recovery of ischemic stroke via inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, regulating astrocyte function, promoting the differentiation of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to mature oligodendrocyte. Among all of these effects, promoting the formation of mature oligodendrocyte is a crucial part of axonal regeneration and remyelination. Furthermore, numerous studies have uncovered the crosstalk between astrocytes and oligodendrocyte, microglial cells and oligodendrocyte in the axonal remyelination following ischemic stroke. The purpose of this review was to discuss the relationship among H2S, RhoA/ROCK pathway, astrocytes, and microglial cells in the axonal remyelination following ischemic stroke to reveal new strategies for preventing and treating this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Lu
- Medical Branch, Hefei Technology College, Hefei, China
| | - Jiyue Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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2
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Cipolla MJ. Thomas Willis Lecture: Targeting Brain Arterioles for Acute Stroke Treatment. Stroke 2021; 52:2465-2477. [PMID: 34102855 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.121.034620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn J Cipolla
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington
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3
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Menet R, Lecordier S, ElAli A. Wnt Pathway: An Emerging Player in Vascular and Traumatic Mediated Brain Injuries. Front Physiol 2020; 11:565667. [PMID: 33071819 PMCID: PMC7530281 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.565667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway, which comprises the canonical and non-canonical pathways, is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that regulates crucial biological aspects throughout the development and adulthood. Emergence and patterning of the nervous and vascular systems are intimately coordinated, a process in which Wnt pathway plays particularly important roles. In the brain, Wnt ligands activate a cell-specific surface receptor complex to induce intracellular signaling cascades regulating neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, neuronal plasticity, synaptic plasticity, angiogenesis, vascular stabilization, and inflammation. The Wnt pathway is tightly regulated in the adult brain to maintain neurovascular functions. Historically, research in neuroscience has emphasized essentially on investigating the pathway in neurodegenerative disorders. Nonetheless, emerging findings have demonstrated that the pathway is deregulated in vascular- and traumatic-mediated brain injuries. These findings are suggesting that the pathway constitutes a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic protective and restorative interventions. Yet, targeting a complex multifunctional signal transduction pathway remains a major challenge. The review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the implication of Wnt pathway in the pathobiology of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, as well as traumatic brain injury (TBI). Furthermore, the review will present the strategies used so far to manipulate the pathway for therapeutic purposes as to highlight potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Menet
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Lecordier
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Ayman ElAli
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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4
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Zhong Y, Yang S, Wang W, Wei P, He S, Ma H, Yang J, Wang Q, Cao L, Xiong W, Zhou M, Li G, Shuai C, Peng S. The interaction of Lin28A/Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase2 accelerates the malignancy of ovarian cancer. Oncogene 2018; 38:1381-1397. [PMID: 30266988 PMCID: PMC6372474 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0512-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death among women with gynecologic malignant diseases, however, the molecular mechanism of ovarian cancer is not well defined. Previous studies have found that RNA binding protein Lin28A is a key factor of maintain the pluripotency of stem cells, and it is positively correlated with the degree of several cancers (breast, prostate, liver cancer, etc). Our previous study shows that Lin28A is highly expressed in OC tissues and is involved in the regulation of OC cell biological behavior. In this study, we confirmed that high expression of Lin28A promoted the survival, invasion, metastasis, and inhibited the apoptosis of OC cells. Lin28A interacts with Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase2 (ROCK2) but not ROCK1 and upregulates the expression of ROCK2 in OC cells. The binding sites of each other were identified by truncated mutations and Immuno-precipitaion (IP) assay. After knock down of ROCK2 in cells with high expression of Lin28A, the survival, invasion, metastasis was significantly inhibited and early apoptosis was increased in OC cells and OC xenograft in nude mice. Our experimental data also showed that knock down of ROCK2 but not ROCK1 inhibited the invasion by decreasing the expression of N-cadherin, Slug, β-catenin and increasing ZO-1 expression. Simultaneously, knock down of ROCK2 induced cell apoptosis by increasing cleaved Caspase-9,cleaved Caspase-7, and cleaved Caspase-3. Taken together, Lin28A regulated the biological behaviors in OC cells through ROCK2 and the interaction of Lin28A/ROCK2 may be a new target for diagnosis and gene therapy of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Human Reproduction Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Hongkong University, Haiyuan 1 Road, Futian, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Pathology Department of the Jining Medical University, Shan Dong, China
| | - Pingpin Wei
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shiwei He
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haotian Ma
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- The department of Gynecology of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lanqin Cao
- The department of Gynecology of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Yang S, Zhao Y, Tian Y, Chen Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Zhao H, Chen X, Zhu L, Fang Z, Yao Y, Hu Z, Shen C. Common variants of ROCKs and the risk of hypertension, and stroke: Two case-control studies and a follow-up study in Chinese Han population. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:778-783. [PMID: 29246448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Rho kinases (ROCKs) are recognized as a critical regulator of vascular functions in cardiovascular disorders. It is crucial to illustrate the association of ROCKs genetic variation and hypertension and/or stroke events. Herein we aimed at investigating the association of ROCK1 and ROCK2 with hypertension and stroke in Chinese Han population. Seven tagSNPs at ROCK1 and ROCK2 were genotyped in a community-based case-control study consisting of 2012 hypertension cases and 2210 normotensive controls and 4128 subjects were further followed up. In stroke case-control study, 1471 ischemic stroke (IS) inpatients and 607 hemorrhagic stroke (HS) inpatients were collected, and 2443 age-matched controls were selected from the follow-up population. Risks were estimated as odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) by logistic and Cox regression. The community-based case-control study didn't identify any significant tagSNPs associated with hypertension even after adjustment for covariates. The follow-up analysis showed that rs1481280 of ROCK1 significantly associated with incident hypertension (HR=1.130, P=0.048) after adjusting for covariates. rs7589629 and rs978906 of ROCK2 were significantly associated with incident IS (HR=1.373, P=0.004; HR=1.284, P=0.026) respectively. In stroke case-control study, rs288980, rs1481280 and rs7237677 were significantly associated with IS and the adjusted ORs (P values) of additive model were 0.879 (0.010), 0.895 (0.036) and 0.857 (0.002) respectively. Furthermore, rs288980, rs7237677 and rs978906 were significantly associated with HS and the adjusted ORs (P values) of additive model were 0.857 (0.025), 0.848 (0.018) and 0.856 (0.027) respectively. Our findings suggest that ROCK1 and ROCK2 contribute to the genetic susceptibility of hypertension and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Yanping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Yuanrui Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Xianghai Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Experimental Center, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Xiaotian Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Zhengmei Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - YingShui Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Zhibing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Effects of Gualou Guizhi Decoction Aqueous Extract on Axonal Regeneration in Organotypic Cortical Slice Culture after Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5170538. [PMID: 29075304 PMCID: PMC5624132 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5170538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gualou Guizhi decoction (GLGZD) is effective for the clinical treatment of limb spasms caused by ischemic stroke, but its underlying mechanism is unclear. Propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL), immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time qPCR were used to observe the axonal regeneration and neuroprotective effects of GLGZD aqueous extract on organotypic cortical slices exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and further elucidate the potential mechanisms. Compared with the OGD group, the GLGZD aqueous extract decreased the red PI fluorescence intensity; inhibited neuronal apoptosis; improved the growth of slice axons; upregulated the protein expression of tau and growth-associated protein-43; and decreased protein and mRNA expression of neurite outgrowth inhibitor protein-A (Nogo-A), Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1), ras homolog gene family A (RhoA), rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK), and phosphorylation of collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2). Our study found that GLGZD had a strong neuroprotective effect on brain slices after OGD injury. GLGZD plays a vital role in promoting axonal remodeling and functional remodeling, which may be related to regulation of the expression of Nogo-A and its receptor NgR1, near the injured axons, inhibition of the Rho-ROCK pathway, and reduction of CRMP2 phosphorylation.
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Linfante I, Cipolla MJ. Improving Reperfusion Therapies in the Era of Mechanical Thrombectomy. Transl Stroke Res 2016; 7:294-302. [PMID: 27221511 PMCID: PMC4929023 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-016-0469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent positive clinical trials using mechanical thrombectomy proved that endovascular recanalization is an effective treatment for patients with acute stroke secondary to large vessel occlusions. The trials offer definite evidence that in acute ischemia recanalization is a powerful predictor of good outcome. However, even in the era of rapid and effective recanalization using endovascular approaches, the percentage of patients with good outcomes varies between 33 and 71 %. In addition, the number of patients who are eligible for endovascular thrombectomy is small and usually based on having salvageable tissue on imaging. There is therefore room for improvement to both enhance the effectiveness of current practice and expand treatment to a larger subset of stroke patients. In this review, we highlight some of the most promising approaches to improve endovascular therapy by combining with strategies to enhance collateral perfusion and vascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo Linfante
- Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute and Neuroscience Center, Baptist Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marilyn J Cipolla
- Department of Neurological Sciences and Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 149 Beaumont Ave.; HSRF 416A, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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Cheng CY, Yeh DYW, Lin CL, Kao CH. Risk of Stroke in Patients With Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Nationwide, Population-Based Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3375. [PMID: 27100423 PMCID: PMC4845827 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) and stroke has not been reported, and this study aimed to explore this association. We used the National Health Insurance Research Database for conducting a nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study of patients newly hospitalized for SP from 2000 to 2010. A total of 2541 patients with newly diagnosed SP were included and compared with patients without SP. We observed that patients with SP were at higher risk for developing stroke, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.56. In addition, these patients had a significantly higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke (adjusted HR = 2.22) than of ischemic stroke (adjusted HR = 1.48). The risk of stroke was the highest in the initial 4 months after hospitalization for SP (adjusted HR = 3.41, 95% confidence interval = 1.98-5.87). In conclusion, our study revealed a correlation between stroke and a history of SP, and the risk of stroke after SP was time sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yuan Cheng
- From the Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu-Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei (C-YC, DY-WY); Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City (DY-WY); College of Medicine (C-LL) and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine (C-HK), China Medical University; and Management Office for Health Data (C-LL) and Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center (C-HK), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Fu PC, Tang RH, Wan Y, Xie MJ, Wang W, Luo X, Yu ZY. ROCK inhibition with fasudil promotes early functional recovery of spinal cord injury in rats by enhancing microglia phagocytosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 36:31-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-016-1537-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Mouawad CA, Mrad MF, El-Achkar GA, Abdul-Sater A, Nemer GM, Creminon C, Lotersztajn S, Habib A. Statins Modulate Cyclooxygenase-2 and Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 in Human Hepatic Myofibroblasts. J Cell Biochem 2015; 117:1176-86. [PMID: 26477987 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Statins have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic properties in the liver. In the present study, we explored the mechanisms underlying anti-fibrogenic effects of statins in isolated hepatic myofibroblasts and focused on cyclooxyegnase-2, a major anti-proliferative pathway in these cells. We show that simvastatin and fluvastatin inhibit thymidine incorporation in hMF in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of cells with NS398, a COX-2 inhibitor, partially blunted this effect. cAMP levels, essential to the inhibition of hMF proliferation, were increased by statins and inhibited by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Since statins modify prenylation of some important proteins in gene expression, we investigated the targets involved using selective inhibitors of prenyltransferases. Inhibition of geranylgeranylation resulted in the induction of COX-2 and mPGES-1. Using gel retardation assays, we further demonstrated that statins potentially activated the NFκB and CRE/E-box binding for COX-2 promoter and the binding of GC-rich regions and GATA for mPGES-1. Together these data demonstrate that statin limit hepatic myofibroblasts proliferation via a COX-2 and mPGES-1 dependent pathway. These data suggest that statin-dependent increase of prostaglandin in hMF contributes to its anti-fibrogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charbel A Mouawad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-236 Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Food Technologies, Al-Kafaat University, Ain Saadeh, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - May F Mrad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-236 Beirut, Lebanon.,Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center-American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghewa A El-Achkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-236 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Abdul-Sater
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-236 Beirut, Lebanon.,Deparment of Immunology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Georges M Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-236 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christophe Creminon
- iBiTec-S, Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, CEA Saclay - Bât. 136, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR 1149, Paris, France.,Université Paris 7 Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité-Laboratoire d'excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 16 rue Henri Huchard, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Aïda Habib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-236 Beirut, Lebanon.,Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR 1149, Paris, France.,Université Paris 7 Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité-Laboratoire d'excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, 16 rue Henri Huchard, F-75018 Paris, France
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Linfante I. Lost in translation. J Neurointerv Surg 2015; 7:781-2. [PMID: 26468274 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-012056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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12
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Ye W, Fu H, Xie L, Zhou L, Rao T, Wang Q, Shao Y, Xiao J, Kang D, Wang G, Liang Y. Development and validation of a quantification method for ziyuglycoside I and II in rat plasma: Application to their pharmacokinetic studies. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2340-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ye
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Hanxu Fu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Lin Xie
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Tai Rao
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Yuhao Shao
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Jingcheng Xiao
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Dian Kang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Tongjiaxiang 24 Nanjing China
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Lin CH, Chang WC, Kuo CN, Yu HC, Yang CC, Lin YW, Hung KS, Chang WP. A population-based five-year study on the risk of stroke in patients with osteoporosis in Taiwan. Bone 2015; 72:9-13. [PMID: 25460575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoporosis and stroke are common diseases in elder patients. The relationship between these two diseases is unclear. This study was intended to estimate the risk of stroke among elder persons aged ≥ 50 years within five years of being diagnosed with osteoporosis. METHODS We retrieved data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 (LHID2005) in Taiwan to perform a nationwide population-based study. There were 2580 patients with osteoporosis aged 50 years of age and older in the study cohort. All of them had at least 2 ambulatory care claims or at least 1 inpatient service claim. Each osteoporotic patient was matched to 5 non-osteoporotic patients based on gender, age, and the index year. Subjects in both groups were followed up for five years. Risk of developing stroke and 5-year stroke-free survival rates were evaluated. RESULTS The risk of developing stroke was 1.24 times higher in osteoporotic patients within a 5-year follow-up period compared to an age- and gender-matched cohort without osteoporosis (95% confidence interval = 1.11-1.39; p < 0.001). Patients with osteoporosis also had a significantly lower 5-year stroke-free survival rate. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that patients with osteoporosis history had higher risk for development of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsien Lin
- Department of Health Industry Management, Kainan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan Kuo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hann-Chin Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Branch of Hsinchu, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Yang
- Department Human Resource, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yea-Wen Lin
- Department of Healthcare Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Sheng Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Research Center, Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Pin Chang
- Department of Healthcare Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Two functional polymorphisms of ROCK2 enhance arterial stiffening through inhibiting its activity and expression. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 79:180-6. [PMID: 25481646 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Derangement of Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs) has been related to coronary artery disease and stroke. ROCK2, rather than ROCK1, plays a predominant role in vascular contractility. The present study aims to test (1) the associations between ROCK2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and arterial stiffness, and (2) the molecular mechanism accounting for their effects. Stiffness parameters including beta (β), elasticity modulus (Ep) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were obtained by carotid ultrasonography. Seven tagging SNPs of ROCK2 were initially genotyped in 856 subjects and significant SNPs were replicated in another group of 527 subjects. Two SNPs in complete linkage disequilibrium were found to be significantly associated with arterial stiffness. The major alleles of rs978906 (A allele) and rs9808232 (C allele) were associated with stiffer arteries. SNP rs978906 was predicted to influence microRNA(miR)-1183 binding to ROCK2, while rs9808232 causes amino acid substitution. To determine their functional impact, plasmid constructs carrying different alleles of the significant SNPs were created. Compared to rs978906G-allele constructs, cells transfected with rs978906A-allele constructs had higher baseline luciferase activities and were less responsive to miR-1183 changes. Oxidized-low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) suppressed miR-1183 levels and increased ROCK2 protein amounts. For rs9808232, cells transfected with C-allele constructs had significantly higher ROCK activities than those with A-allele constructs. Leukocyte ROCK activities were further measured in 52 healthy subjects. The average ROCK activity was highest in human subjects with CC genotype at rs9808232, followed by those with AC and lowest in AA. Taken together, the present study showed that two functional SNPs of ROCK2 increase susceptibility of arterial stiffness in the Chinese population. Non-synonymous SNP rs9808232 influences ROCK2 activity, while 3' UTR SNP rs978906 affects the ROCK2 protein synthesis by interfering miR-1183 binding.
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Abstract
Rho kinase (ROCK) is a major downstream effector of the small GTPase RhoA. ROCK family, consisting of ROCK1 and ROCK2, plays central roles in the organization of actin cytoskeleton and is involved in a wide range of fundamental cellular functions, such as contraction, adhesion, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Due to the discovery of effective inhibitors, such as fasudil and Y27632, the biological roles of ROCK have been extensively explored with particular attention on the cardiovascular system. In many preclinical models of cardiovascular diseases, including vasospasm, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure, ROCK inhibitors have shown a remarkable efficacy in reducing vascular smooth muscle cell hypercontraction, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell recruitment, vascular remodeling, and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, fasudil has been used in the clinical trials of several cardiovascular diseases. The continuing utilization of available pharmacological inhibitors and the development of more potent or isoform-selective inhibitors in ROCK signaling research and in treating human diseases are escalating. In this review, we discuss the recent molecular, cellular, animal, and clinical studies with a focus on the current understanding of ROCK signaling in cardiovascular physiology and diseases. We particularly note that emerging evidence suggests that selective targeting ROCK isoform based on the disease pathophysiology may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the disease treatment including cardiovascular diseases.
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Amin E, Dubey BN, Zhang SC, Gremer L, Dvorsky R, Moll JM, Taha MS, Nagel-Steger L, Piekorz RP, Somlyo AV, Ahmadian MR. Rho-kinase: regulation, (dys)function, and inhibition. Biol Chem 2014; 394:1399-410. [PMID: 23950574 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In a variety of normal and pathological cell types, Rho-kinases I and II (ROCKI/II) play a pivotal role in the organization of the nonmuscle and smooth muscle cytoskeleton and adhesion plaques as well as in the regulation of transcription factors. Thus, ROCKI/II activity regulates cellular contraction, motility, morphology, polarity, cell division, and gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of the Rho-ROCK pathways at different stages is linked to cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases as well as cancer. This review focuses on the current status of understanding the multiple functions of Rho-ROCK signaling pathways and various modes of regulation of Rho-ROCK activity, thereby orchestrating a concerted functional response.
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Hyun Lee J, Zheng Y, von Bornstadt D, Wei Y, Balcioglu A, Daneshmand A, Yalcin N, Yu E, Herisson F, Atalay YB, Kim MH, Ahn YJ, Balkaya M, Sweetnam P, Schueller O, Poyurovsky MV, Kim HH, Lo EH, Furie KL, Ayata C. Selective ROCK2 Inhibition In Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2013; 1:2-14. [PMID: 24466563 PMCID: PMC3900310 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) is a key regulator of numerous processes in multiple cell types relevant in stroke pathophysiology. ROCK inhibitors have improved outcome in experimental models of acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. However, the relevant ROCK isoform (ROCK1 or ROCK2) in acute stroke is not known. METHODS We characterized the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile, and tested the efficacy and safety of a novel selective ROCK2 inhibitor KD025 (formerly SLx-2119) in focal cerebral ischemia models in mice. RESULTS KD025 dose-dependently reduced infarct volume after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. The therapeutic window was at least 3 hours from stroke onset, and the efficacy was sustained for at least 4 weeks. KD025 was at least as efficacious in aged, diabetic or female mice, as in normal adult males. Concurrent treatment with atorvastatin was safe, but not additive or synergistic. KD025 was also safe in a permanent ischemia model, albeit with diminished efficacy. As one mechanism of protection, KD025 improved cortical perfusion in a distal middle cerebral artery occlusion model, implicating enhanced collateral flow. Unlike isoform-nonselective ROCK inhibitors, KD025 did not cause significant hypotension, a dose-limiting side effect in acute ischemic stroke. INTERPRETATION Altogether, these data show that KD025 is efficacious and safe in acute focal cerebral ischemia in mice, implicating ROCK2 as the relevant isoform in acute ischemic stroke. Data suggest that selective ROCK2 inhibition has a favorable safety profile to facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyun Lee
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Yi Zheng
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Daniel von Bornstadt
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Ying Wei
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Aygul Balcioglu
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Ali Daneshmand
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Nilufer Yalcin
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Esther Yu
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Fanny Herisson
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Yahya B Atalay
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Maya H Kim
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Yong-Joo Ahn
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Mustafa Balkaya
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | | | | | | | - Hyung-Hwan Kim
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Eng H Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
| | - Karen L Furie
- Department of Neurology, Rhode Island HospitalProvidence, Rhode Island, 02903
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, Massachusetts, 02129
- Stroke Service and Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, Massachusetts, 02114
- Correspondence Cenk Ayata, Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Room 6403, Charlestown, MA 02129. Tel: (617) 726-8021; Fax: (617) 726-2547; E-mail:
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Huang H, Lee DH, Zabolotny JM, Kim YB. Metabolic actions of Rho-kinase in periphery and brain. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:506-14. [PMID: 23938132 PMCID: PMC3783562 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has increased at an alarming rate in recent years and is now a worldwide public health problem. Elucidating the mechanisms behind the metabolic dysfunctions associated with obesity is of high priority. The metabolic function of Rho-kinase (Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing kinase; ROCK) has been the subject of a great deal of investigation in metabolic-related diseases. It appears that inhibition of ROCK activity is beneficial for the treatment of a wide range of cardiovascular-related diseases. However, recent studies with genetic models of ROCK demonstrate that ROCK plays a positive role in insulin and leptin signaling. Here we discuss the newly identified functions of ROCK in regulating glucose and energy metabolism, with particular emphasis on metabolic actions of insulin and leptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Huang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dae-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea 570-749
| | - Janice M Zabolotny
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer & Diabetes Institute, Graduate Schools of Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine & Science, Incheon, Korea 406-799
- Corresponding author: Young-Bum Kim, Ph.D., Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, Phone: (617) 735-3216, Fax: (617) 735-3323,
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Isgro J, Gupta S, Jacek E, Pavri T, Duculan R, Kim M, Kirou KA, Salmon JE, Pernis AB. Enhanced rho-associated protein kinase activation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1592-602. [PMID: 23508371 DOI: 10.1002/art.37934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rho-associated protein kinases (ROCKs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disorders. We recently showed that ROCKs could regulate the differentiation of murine Th17 cells and the production of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-21, two cytokines associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The goal of this study was to assess ROCK activation in human Th17 cells and to evaluate ROCK activity in SLE patients. METHODS An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based ROCK activity assay was used to evaluate ROCK activity in human cord blood CD4+ T cells differentiated under Th0 or Th17 conditions. We then performed a cross-sectional analysis of 28 SLE patients and 25 healthy matched controls. ROCK activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lysates was determined by ELISA. Cytokine and chemokine profiles were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS Human cord blood CD4+ T cells differentiated under Th17 conditions expressed higher levels of ROCK activity than did CD4+ T cells stimulated under Th0 conditions. Production of IL-17 and IL-21 was inhibited by the addition of a ROCK inhibitor. SLE PBMCs expressed significantly higher levels of ROCK activity than did healthy control PBMCs (1.25 versus 0.56; P = 0.0015). Sixteen SLE patients (57%) expressed high levels of ROCK (optical density at 450 nm >1). Disease duration, lymphocyte count, and azathioprine use were shown to be significant independent predictors of ROCK activity in multivariable analyses. CONCLUSION Consistent with previous results in the murine system, increased ROCK activation was associated with Th17 cell differentiation. Moreover, enhanced ROCK activity was observed in a subgroup of SLE patients. These data support the concept that the ROCK pathway could represent an important therapeutic target for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Isgro
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA
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