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Georgoulis V, Koumpis E, Hatzimichael E. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4810. [PMID: 37835504 PMCID: PMC10571949 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes or neoplasms (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid clonal disorders characterized by peripheral blood cytopenias, blood and marrow cell dysplasia, and increased risk of evolution to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Non-coding RNAs, especially microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, serve as regulators of normal and malignant hematopoiesis and have been implicated in carcinogenesis. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the biology and role of non-coding RNAs, including the less studied circRNA, siRNA, piRNA, and snoRNA as potential prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers or therapeutic targets in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Georgoulis
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Epameinondas Koumpis
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Eleftheria Hatzimichael
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.G.); (E.K.)
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19 107, USA
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2
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Cuesta-Rubio O, Monzote L, Fernández-Acosta R, Pardo-Andreu GL, Rastrelli L. A review of nemorosone: Chemistry and biological properties. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 210:113674. [PMID: 37044362 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nemorosone is a bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative originally isolated from Clusia spp. and it can be obtained through chemical synthesis employing different synthetic strategies. Since its discovery, it has attracted great attention both from a biological and chemical viewpoint. In the present article, we attempted to review various chemical and biological topics around nemorosone, with an emphasis on its antiproliferative activities. For this purpose, relevant data was collected from different scientific databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge. This natural compound has shown activity against several types of malignancies such as leukemia, human colorectal, pancreatic, and breast cancer because it modulates multiple molecular pathways. Nemorosone has both cytostatic and cytotoxic activity and it also seems to induce apoptosis and ferroptosis. Additionally, it has antimicrobial capabilities against Gram-positive bacteria and parasites belonging to genus Leishmania. Its promising antiproliferative pre-clinical effects deserve further attention for anticancer and anti-parasitic drug development and translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmany Cuesta-Rubio
- Universidad Técnica de Machala, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y de la Salud, Ave. Panamericana km 5½, 070101, Machala, Ecuador.
| | - Lianet Monzote
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí, Autopista Novia del Mediodía Km 6 1/2, 11400, La Habana, Cuba.
| | - Roberto Fernández-Acosta
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Havana, 222 St. # 2317, La Coronela, 13600, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Gilberto Lázaro Pardo-Andreu
- Center for Research and Biological Evaluation, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Havana, 222 St. # 2317, 13600, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Universitá degli Studi di Salerno, Dipartimento di Farmacia, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, 90133, Italy.
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3
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Tadi S, Ka-Yan Cheung V, Lee CS, Nguyen K, Luk PP, Low THH, Palme C, Clark J, Gupta R. MYB RNA detection by in situ hybridisation has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Pathology 2023; 55:456-465. [PMID: 37055331 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common primary salivary gland cancers. ACC has several benign and malignant mimics amongst salivary gland neoplasms. An accurate diagnosis of ACC is essential for optimal management of the patients and their follow-up. Upregulation of MYB has been described in 85-90% of ACC, but not in other salivary gland neoplasms. In ACC, MYB upregulation can occur as a result of a genetic rearrangement t(6;9) (q22-23;p23-24), MYB copy number variation (CNV), or enhancer hijacking of MYB. All mechanisms of MYB upregulation result in increased RNA transcription that can be detected using RNA in situ hybridisation (ISH) methods. In this study, utilising 138 primary salivary gland neoplasms including 78 ACC, we evaluate the diagnostic utility of MYB RNA ISH for distinguishing ACC from other primary salivary gland neoplasms with a prominent cribriform architecture including pleomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, and polymorphous adenocarcinoma. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation and next generation sequencing were also performed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of RNA ISH for detecting increased MYB RNA when MYB gene alterations were present. Detection of MYB RNA has 92.3% sensitivity and 98.2% specificity for a diagnosis of ACC amongst salivary gland neoplasms. The sensitivity of MYB RNA detection by ISH (92.3%) is significantly higher than that of the FISH MYB break-apart probe (42%) for ACC. Next generation sequencing did not demonstrate MYB alterations in cases that lacked MYB RNA overexpression indicating high sensitivity of MYB RNA ISH for detecting MYB gene alterations. The possibility that the sensitivity may be higher in clinical practice with contemporary samples as compared with older retrospective tissue samples with RNA degradation is not entirely excluded. In addition to the high sensitivity and specificity, MYB RNA testing can be performed using standard IHC platforms and protocols and evaluated using brightfield microscopy making it a time and cost-efficient diagnostic tool in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Tadi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Veronica Ka-Yan Cheung
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C Soon Lee
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia; Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; Cancer Pathology Laboratory, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; CONCERT Biobank, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Kevin Nguyen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter P Luk
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tsu-Hui Hubert Low
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Carsten Palme
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Clark
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruta Gupta
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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4
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Luo X, Zhang J, Gao Y, Pan W, Yang Y, Li X, Chen L, Wang C, Wang Y. Emerging roles of i-motif in gene expression and disease treatment. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1136251. [PMID: 37021044 PMCID: PMC10067743 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1136251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As non-canonical nucleic acid secondary structures consisting of cytosine-rich nucleic acids, i-motifs can form under certain conditions. Several i-motif sequences have been identified in the human genome and play important roles in biological regulatory functions. Due to their physicochemical properties, these i-motif structures have attracted attention and are new targets for drug development. Herein, we reviewed the characteristics and mechanisms of i-motifs located in gene promoters (including c-myc, Bcl-2, VEGF, and telomeres), summarized various small molecule ligands that interact with them, and the possible binding modes between ligands and i-motifs, and described their effects on gene expression. Furthermore, we discussed diseases closely associated with i-motifs. Among these, cancer is closely associated with i-motifs since i-motifs can form in some regions of most oncogenes. Finally, we introduced recent advances in the applications of i-motifs in multiple areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chang Wang
- *Correspondence: Chang Wang, ; Yuqing Wang,
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5
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Li Y, Azmi AS, Mohammad RM. Deregulated transcription factors and poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:122-134. [PMID: 35940398 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors are a group of proteins, which possess DNA-binding domains, bind to DNA strands of promoters or enhancers, and initiate transcription of genes with cooperation of RNA polymerase and other co-factors. They play crucial roles in regulating transcription during embryogenesis and development. Their physiological status in different cell types is also important to maintain cellular homeostasis. Therefore, any deregulation of transcription factors will lead to the development of cancer cells and tumor progression. Based on their functions in cancer cells, transcription factors could be either oncogenic or tumor suppressive. Furthermore, transcription factors have been shown to modulate cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and drug response; therefore, measuring deregulated transcription factors is hypothesized to predict treatment outcomes of patients with cancers and targeting deregulated transcription factors could be an encouraging strategy for cancer therapy. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of major deregulated transcription factors and their effects on causing poor clinical outcome of patients with cancer. The information presented here will help to predict the prognosis and drug response and to design novel drugs and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancers by targeting deregulated transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Sun R, Tanino R, Tong X, Isomura M, Chen LJ, Hotta T, Okimoto T, Hamaguchi M, Hamaguchi S, Taooka Y, Isobe T, Tsubata Y. The Association Between Cyclooxygenase-2 -1195G/A (rs689466) Gene Polymorphism and the Clinicopathology of Lung Cancer in the Japanese Population: A Case-Controlled Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:796444. [PMID: 35450217 PMCID: PMC9016323 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.796444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphisms of COX-2 gene, also known as PTGS2, which encodes a pro-inflammatory factor cyclooxygenase-2, alter the risk of developing multiple tumors, but these findings are not consistent for lung cancer. We previously reported that the homozygous COX-2 –1195A genotype is associated with an increased risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Japanese individuals. COPD is a significant risk factor for lung cancer due to genetic susceptibility to cigarette smoke. In this study, we investigated the association between COX-2 –1195G/A polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility in the Japanese population. We evaluated the genotype distribution of COX-2 –1195G/A using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay for 330 newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer and 162 healthy controls. Our results show that no relationship exists between the COX-2 –1195G/A polymorphism and the risk of developing lung cancer. However, compared to the control group, the homozygous COX-2 –1195A genotype increased the risk for lung squamous cell carcinoma (odds ratio = 2.902; 95% confidence interval, 1.171–7.195; p = 0.021), whereas no association is observed with the risk for adenocarcinoma. In addition, Kaplan-Meier analysis shows that the genotype distribution of homozygous COX-2 –1195A does not correlate with the overall survival of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, we conclude that the homozygous COX-2 –1195A genotype confers an increased risk for lung squamous cell carcinoma in Japanese individuals and could be used as a predictive factor for early detection of lung squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tanino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Xuexia Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Minoru Isomura
- Department of Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Takamasa Hotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Tamio Okimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Megumi Hamaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Shunichi Hamaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Taooka
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Corporation JR Hiroshima Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Isobe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yukari Tsubata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
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Hu D, Shao W, Liu L, Wang Y, Yuan S, Liu Z, Liu J, Zhang J. Intricate crosstalk between MYB and noncoding RNAs in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:653. [PMID: 34876130 PMCID: PMC8650324 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MYB is often overexpressed in malignant tumors and plays a carcinogenic role in the initiation and development of cancer. Deletion of the MYB regulatory C-terminal domain may be a driving mutation leading to tumorigenesis, therefore, different tumor mechanisms produce similar MYB proteins. As MYB is a transcription factor, priority has been given to identifying the genes that it regulates. All previous attention has been focused on protein-coding genes. However, an increasing number of studies have suggested that MYB can affect the complexity of cancer progression by regulating tumor-associated noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs. ncRNAs can regulate the expression of numerous downstream genes at the transcription, RNA processing and translation levels, thereby having various biological functions. Additionally, ncRNAs play important roles in regulating MYB expression. This review focuses on the intricate crosstalk between oncogenic MYB and ncRNAs, which play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, senescence and drug resistance. In addition, we discuss therapeutic strategies for crosstalk between MYB and ncRNAs to prevent the occurrence and development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyu Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Li Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong, China.
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8
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Abhange K, Makler A, Wen Y, Ramnauth N, Mao W, Asghar W, Wan Y. Small extracellular vesicles in cancer. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3705-3743. [PMID: 33898874 PMCID: PMC8056276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are lipid-bilayer enclosed vesicles in submicron size that are released from cells. A variety of molecules, including proteins, DNA fragments, RNAs, lipids, and metabolites can be selectively encapsulated into EVs and delivered to nearby and distant recipient cells. In tumors, through such intercellular communication, EVs can regulate initiation, growth, metastasis and invasion of tumors. Recent studies have found that EVs exhibit specific expression patterns which mimic the parental cell, providing a fingerprint for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis as well as monitoring responses to treatment. Accordingly, various EV isolation and detection technologies have been developed for research and diagnostic purposes. Moreover, natural and engineered EVs have also been used as drug delivery nanocarriers, cancer vaccines, cell surface modulators, therapeutic agents and therapeutic targets. Overall, EVs are under intense investigation as they hold promise for pathophysiological and translational discoveries. This comprehensive review examines the latest EV research trends over the last five years, encompassing their roles in cancer pathophysiology, diagnostics and therapeutics. This review aims to examine the full spectrum of tumor-EV studies and provide a comprehensive foundation to enhance the field. The topics which are discussed and scrutinized in this review encompass isolation techniques and how these issues need to be overcome for EV-based diagnostics, EVs and their roles in cancer biology, biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring, EVs as vaccines, therapeutic targets, and EVs as drug delivery systems. We will also examine the challenges involved in EV research and promote a framework for catalyzing scientific discovery and innovation for tumor-EV-focused research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Abhange
- The Pq Laboratory of Micro/Nano BiomeDx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Amy Makler
- Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Yi Wen
- The Pq Laboratory of Micro/Nano BiomeDx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Natasha Ramnauth
- Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Wenjun Mao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Yuan Wan
- The Pq Laboratory of Micro/Nano BiomeDx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
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Nkwe DO, Lotshwao B, Rantong G, Matshwele J, Kwape TE, Masisi K, Gaobotse G, Hefferon K, Makhzoum A. Anticancer Mechanisms of Bioactive Compounds from Solanaceae: An Update. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4989. [PMID: 34638473 PMCID: PMC8507657 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants continue to provide unlimited pharmacologically active compounds that can treat various illnesses, including cancer. The Solanaceae family, besides providing economically important food plants, such as potatoes and tomatoes, has been exploited extensively in folk medicine, as it provides an array of bioactive compounds. Many studies have demonstrated the anticancer potency of some of the compounds, but the corresponding molecular targets are not well defined. However, advances in molecular cell biology and in silico modelling have made it possible to dissect some of the underlying mechanisms. By reviewing the literature over the last five years, we provide an update on anticancer mechanisms associated with phytochemicals isolated from species in the Solanaceae plant family. These mechanisms are conveniently grouped into cell cycle arrest, transcription regulation, modulation of autophagy, inhibition of signalling pathways, suppression of metabolic enzymes, and membrane disruption. The majority of the bioactive compounds exert their antiproliferative effects by inhibiting diverse signalling pathways, as well as arresting the cell cycle. Furthermore, some of the phytochemicals are effective against more than one cancer type. Therefore, understanding these mechanisms provides paths for future formulation of novel anticancer drugs, as well as highlighting potential areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O. Nkwe
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana; (B.L.); (G.R.); (T.E.K.); (K.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Bonolo Lotshwao
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana; (B.L.); (G.R.); (T.E.K.); (K.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Gaolathe Rantong
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana; (B.L.); (G.R.); (T.E.K.); (K.M.); (G.G.)
| | - James Matshwele
- Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana;
- Department of Applied Sciences, Botho University, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Tebogo E. Kwape
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana; (B.L.); (G.R.); (T.E.K.); (K.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Kabo Masisi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana; (B.L.); (G.R.); (T.E.K.); (K.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Goabaone Gaobotse
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana; (B.L.); (G.R.); (T.E.K.); (K.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Kathleen Hefferon
- Virology Laboratory, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada;
| | - Abdullah Makhzoum
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana; (B.L.); (G.R.); (T.E.K.); (K.M.); (G.G.)
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10
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Zhang W, Gou P, Dupret JM, Chomienne C, Rodrigues-Lima F. Etoposide, an anticancer drug involved in therapy-related secondary leukemia: Enzymes at play. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101169. [PMID: 34243013 PMCID: PMC8273223 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Etoposide is a semi-synthetic glycoside derivative of podophyllotoxin, also known as VP-16. It is a widely used anticancer medicine in clinics. Unfortunately, high doses or long-term etoposide treatment can induce therapy-related leukemia. The mechanism by which etoposide induces secondary hematopoietic malignancies is still unclear. In this article, we review the potential mechanisms of etoposide induced therapy-related leukemia. Etoposide related leukemogenesis is known to depend on reactive oxidative metabolites of etoposide, notably etoposide quinone, which interacts with cellular proteins such as topoisomerases II (TOP2), CREB-binding protein (CREBBP), and T-Cell Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (TCPTP). CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 metabolize etoposide to etoposide catechol, which readily oxidizes to etoposide quinone. As a poison of TOP2 enzymes, etoposide and its metabolites induce DNA double-stranded breaks (DSB), and the accumulation of DSB triggers cell apoptosis. If the cell survives, the DSB gives rise to the likelihood of faulty DNA repair events. The gene translocation could occur in mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene, which is well-known in leukemogenesis. Recently, studies have revealed that etoposide metabolites, especially etoposide quinone, can covalently bind to cysteines residues of CREBBP and TCPTP enzymes, . This leads to enzyme inhibition and further affects histone acetylation and phosphorylation of the JAK-STAT pathway, thus putatively altering the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). In brief, current studies suggest that etoposide and its metabolites contribute to etoposide therapy-related leukemia through TOP2 mediated DSB and impairs specific enzyme activity, such as CREBBP and TCPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhang
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris F-75013, France.
| | - Panhong Gou
- Inserm UMR-S1131, Université de Paris, IRSL, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | | | - Christine Chomienne
- Inserm UMR-S1131, Université de Paris, IRSL, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Service de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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11
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Gao PF, Huang D, Wen JY, Liu W, Zhang HW. Advances in the role of exosomal non-coding RNA in the development, diagnosis, and treatment of gastric cancer (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:101-108. [PMID: 32714531 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by a variety of cells that contain vrious biological macromolecules, including RNA, non-coding RNA and protein. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that exosomes and particularly the non-coding RNAs they contain, serve important roles in many cellular processes, including the transmission of information. It is well established that the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, one of the four most common malignant tumors worldwide, involves the transmission of information. Based on the urgent need for the elucidation of the mechanism involved in this process, as well as advances in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, numerous reports have assessed the association between non-coding RNAs in exosomes and gastric cancer. The purpose of the present review was to summarize recent evidence on certain non-coding RNAs associated with the development, diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Gao
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Da Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Yan Wen
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Wu Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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12
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Exosome-Derived miR-130a Activates Angiogenesis in Gastric Cancer by Targeting C-MYB in Vascular Endothelial Cells. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2466-2475. [PMID: 30120059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a crucial reason for the poor prognosis of gastric cancer. Angiogenesis is closely associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Cancer-derived exosomes play an important role in the establishment of the tumor microenvironment. In this study, exosomes were isolated by sequential differential centrifugation, and they were verified by transmission electron microscopy. Changes in the biological behavior of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were evaluated with downstream cellular functional experiments. The RNA and protein levels of the miRNA target gene were determined by real-time qPCR and western blotting. A mouse xenograft model was adopted to evaluate the correlation between exosome-derived miR-130a and tumor growth in vivo. We demonstrated that exosomes delivered miR-130a from gastric cancer cells into vascular cells to promote angiogenesis and tumor growth by targeting c-MYB both in vivo and in vitro. miR-130a packaged in exosomes secreted from cancer cells acts as a driver of angiogenesis. Therefore, miR-130a might be a potential biomarker for monitoring the activity of gastric cancer. In addition, suppressing the expression or blocking the transmission of these exosomes might be a novel antiangiogenic therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.
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13
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Vazquez-Martin A, Anatskaya OV, Giuliani A, Erenpreisa J, Huang S, Salmina K, Inashkina I, Huna A, Nikolsky NN, Vinogradov AE. Somatic polyploidy is associated with the upregulation of c-MYC interacting genes and EMT-like signature. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75235-75260. [PMID: 27655693 PMCID: PMC5342737 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dependence of cancer on overexpressed c-MYC and its predisposition for polyploidy represents a double puzzle. We address this conundrum by cross-species transcription analysis of c-MYC interacting genes in polyploid vs. diploid tissues and cells, including human vs. mouse heart, mouse vs. human liver and purified 4n vs. 2n mouse decidua cells. Gene-by-gene transcriptome comparison and principal component analysis indicated that c-MYC interactants are significantly overrepresented among ploidy-associated genes. Protein interaction networks and gene module analysis revealed that the most upregulated genes relate to growth, stress response, proliferation, stemness and unicellularity, as well as to the pathways of cancer supported by MAPK and RAS coordinated pathways. A surprising feature was the up-regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) modules embodied by the N-cadherin pathway and EMT regulators from SNAIL and TWIST families. Metabolic pathway analysis also revealed the EMT-linked features, such as global proteome remodeling, oxidative stress, DNA repair and Warburg-like energy metabolism. Genes associated with apoptosis, immunity, energy demand and tumour suppression were mostly down-regulated. Noteworthy, despite the association between polyploidy and ample features of cancer, polyploidy does not trigger it. Possibly it occurs because normal polyploidy does not go that far in embryonalisation and linked genome destabilisation. In general, the analysis of polyploid transcriptome explained the evolutionary relation of c-MYC and polyploidy to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga V Anatskaya
- Institute of Cytology, St-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Russia
| | | | | | - Sui Huang
- Systems Biology Institute, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Anda Huna
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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14
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Kim D, You E, Jeong J, Ko P, Kim JW, Rhee S. DDR2 controls the epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-related gene expression via c-Myb acetylation upon matrix stiffening. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6847. [PMID: 28754957 PMCID: PMC5533734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing matrix stiffness caused by the extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition surrounding cancer cells is accompanied by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we show that expression levels of EMT marker genes along with discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) can increase upon matrix stiffening. DDR2 silencing by short hairpin RNA downregulated EMT markers. Promoter analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that c-Myb and LEF1 may be responsible for DDR2 induction during cell culture on a stiff matrix. Mechanistically, c-Myb acetylation by p300, which is upregulated on the stiff matrix, seems to be necessary for the c-Myb-and-LEF1-mediated DDR2 expression. Finally, we found that the c-Myb-DDR2 axis is crucial for lung cancer cell line proliferation and expression of EMT marker genes in a stiff environment. Thus, our results suggest that DDR2 regulation by p300 expression and/or c-Myb acetylation upon matrix stiffening may be necessary for regulation of EMT and invasiveness of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunae You
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Panseon Ko
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Zhu C, Yamaguchi K, Ohsugi T, Terakado Y, Noguchi R, Ikenoue T, Furukawa Y. Identification of FERM domain-containing protein 5 as a novel target of β-catenin/TCF7L2 complex. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:612-619. [PMID: 28117551 PMCID: PMC5406541 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in human tumorigenesis through the accumulation of β‐catenin and subsequent transactivation of TCF7L2. Although some of the consequences associated with the accumulated β‐catenin have been clarified, the comprehensive effect of activated β‐catenin/TCF7L2 transcriptional complex on tumorigenesis remains to be elucidated. To understand the precise molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer, we searched for genes regulated by the complex in colorectal tumors. We performed expression profile analysis of HCT116 and SW480 colon cancer cells treated with β‐catenin siRNAs, and ChIP‐sequencing using anti‐TCF7L2 antibody. Combination of these data with public microarray data of LS174 cells with a dominant‐negative form of TCF7L2 identified a total of 11 candidate genes. In this paper, we focused on FERM domain‐containing protein 5 (FRMD5), and confirmed that it is regulated by both β‐catenin and TCF7L2. An additional reporter assay disclosed that a region in intron1 transcriptionally regulated the expression of FRMD5. ChIP assay also corroborated that TCF7L2 associates with this region. These data suggested that FRMD5 is a novel direct target of the β‐catenin/TCF7L2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhu
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohsugi
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Terakado
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Noguchi
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Ikenoue
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Furukawa
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Zhang XW, Li J, Jiang YX, Chen YX. Association between COX-2 -1195G>A polymorphism and gastrointestinal cancer risk: A meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:2234-2245. [PMID: 28405152 PMCID: PMC5374136 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i12.2234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To perform a meta-analysis to investigate the association between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) -1195G>A gene polymorphism and gastrointestinal cancers.
METHODS Publications related to the COX-2 -1195G>A gene polymorphism and gastrointestinal cancers published before July 2016 were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China Biological Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and CQVIP Database. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata11.0 software. The strength of the association was evaluated by calculating the combined odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95%CIs. The retrieved publications were excluded or included one by one for sensitivity analysis. In addition, the funnel plot, Begg’s rank correlation test, and Egger’s linear regression method were applied to analyse whether the included publications had publication bias.
RESULTS A total of 24 publications related to the COX-2 -1195G>A gene polymorphism were included, including 28 studies involving 11043 cases and 18008 controls. The meta-analysis results showed that the COX-2 -1195G>A gene polymorphism significantly correlated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancers, particularly gastric cancer (A vs G: OR = 1.35; AA/AG vs GG: OR = 1.54; AA vs GG/AG: OR = 1.43; AA vs GG: OR = 1.80; AG vs GG: OR = 1.35). Compared to the Caucasian population in America and Europe, the COX-2 -1195G>A gene polymorphism in the Asian population (A vs G: OR = 1.30; AA/AG vs GG: OR = 1.50; AA vs GG/AG: OR = 1.35; AA vs GG: OR = 1.71; AG vs GG: OR = 1.37) significantly increased gastrointestinal cancer risk. The sensitivity analysis (P < 0.05) and the false positive report probability (P < 0.2) confirmed the reliability of the results.
CONCLUSION The results showed that the COX-2 -1195G>A gene polymorphism might be a potential risk factor for gastrointestinal cancers. Further validation by a large homogeneous study is warranted.
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17
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Wang Y, Fang R, Cui M, Zhang W, Bai X, Wang H, Liu B, Zhang X, Ye L. The oncoprotein HBXIP up-regulates YAP through activation of transcription factor c-Myb to promote growth of liver cancer. Cancer Lett 2016; 385:234-242. [PMID: 27765671 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The oncoprotein Yes-associated protein (YAP) in Hippo pathway plays crucial roles in the development of cancer. However, the mechanism of YAP regulation in cancer remains poorly understood. Here, we supposed that the oncoprotein hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) might be involved in the modulation of YAP in liver cancer. Interestingly, our data showed that the expression levels of HBXIP were positively associated with those of YAP in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and real-time PCR assays. HBXIP was able to up-regulate YAP in hepatoma cells at the levels of promoter, mRNA and protein. Mechanistically, we identified that HBXIP up-regulated YAP through co-activating the transcription factor c-Myb in hepatoma cells. Functionally, silencing YAP abolished the proliferation of hepatoma cells mediated by HBXIP in vitro. Moreover, knockdown of YAP strongly blocked the HBXIP-enhanced tumor growth in mice. Thus, we conclude that HBXIP up-regulates YAP expression via activating transcription factor c-Myb to facilitate the growth of hepatoma cells. Our finding provides new insights into the mechanism of YAP regulation. Therapeutically, the oncoprotein HBXIP and YAP might serve as targets in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Runping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lihong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Li H, Hai J, Zhou J, Yuan G. Exploration of binding affinity and selectivity of brucine with G-quadruplex in the c-myb proto-oncogene by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:407-414. [PMID: 26754134 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The c-myb gene is a potential therapeutic target for human tumors and leukemias. Active ingredients from natural products may be used as drugs in chemotherapy for human cancers. Here, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was used to probe the formation and recognition of the G-quadruplex structure from the G-rich sequence that is found in the c-myb gene promoter, 5'-GGGCTGGGCTGGGCGGGG-3'. The aim of our study is to evaluate a potential binder for the c-myb gene from natural products, and thereby to modulate c-myb gene expression. METHODS ESI-MS, as an effective method, was utilized not only to characterize the formation of the G-quadruplex in the c-myb oncogene, but also as a tool to probe the binding characteristics of alkaloid molecules with the target G-quadruplex DNA. RESULTS ESI-MS results with the support of circular dichroism (CD) spectra demonstrated the formation of an intramolecular parallel-stranded G-quadruplex in the c-myb oncogene promoter. A screening of six alkaloid molecules showed that brucine (P1) had a strong binding affinity to the c-myb G-quadruplex DNA. It is notable that P1 can bind selectively to the c-myb G-quadruplex with respect to duplex DNAs, as well as to G-quadruplexes in other types of gene sequences. According to ESI-MS results, in which the stability was tested by capillary heating and collision-induced dissociation, the binding of P1 could thermally stabilize the c-myb G-quadruplex DNA. CONCLUSIONS In this work, brucine (P1), an alkaloid molecule, has been found to bind to the intramolecular parallel G-quadruplex in the c-myb oncogene promoter with high affinity and selectivity, and could thermally stabilize the c-myb G-quadruplex DNA, indicating that the binding of P1 has the potential to modulate c-myb gene expression. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinhui Hai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Gu Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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19
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Gao R, Cao C, Zhang M, Lopez MC, Yan Y, Chen Z, Mitani Y, Zhang L, Zajac-Kaye M, Liu B, Wu L, Renne R, Baker HV, El-Naggar A, Kaye FJ. A unifying gene signature for adenoid cystic cancer identifies parallel MYB-dependent and MYB-independent therapeutic targets. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12528-42. [PMID: 25587024 PMCID: PMC4350357 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MYB activation is proposed to underlie development of adenoid cystic cancer (ACC), an aggressive salivary gland tumor with no effective systemic treatments. To discover druggable targets for ACC, we performed global mRNA/miRNA analyses of 12 ACC with matched normal tissues, and compared these data with 14 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) and 11 salivary adenocarcinomas (ADC). We detected a unique ACC gene signature of 1160 mRNAs and 22 miRNAs. MYB was the top-scoring gene (18-fold induction), however we observed the same signature in ACC without detectable MYB gene rearrangements. We also found 4 ACC tumors (1 among our 12 cases and 3 from public databases) with negligible MYB expression that retained the same ACC mRNA signature including over-expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes. Integration of this signature with somatic mutational analyses suggests that NOTCH1 and RUNX1 participate with MYB to activate ECM elements including the VCAN/HAPLN1 complex. We observed that forced MYB-NFIB expression in human salivary gland cells alters cell morphology and cell adhesion in vitro and depletion of VCAN blocked tumor cell growth of a short-term ACC tumor culture. In summary, we identified a unique ACC signature with parallel MYB-dependent and independent biomarkers and identified VCAN/HAPLN1 complexes as a potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruli Gao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Genetics & Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chunxia Cao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maria-Cecilia Lopez
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yuanqing Yan
- Genetics & Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zirong Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yoshitsugu Mitani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maria Zajac-Kaye
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lizi Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rolf Renne
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Henry V Baker
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adel El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frederic J Kaye
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Genetics & Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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20
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Malaterre J, Pereira L, Putoczki T, Millen R, Paquet-Fifield S, Germann M, Liu J, Cheasley D, Sampurno S, Stacker SA, Achen MG, Ward RL, Waring P, Mantamadiotis T, Ernst M, Ramsay RG. Intestinal-specific activatable Myb initiates colon tumorigenesis in mice. Oncogene 2015; 35:2475-84. [PMID: 26300002 PMCID: PMC4867492 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor Myb is overexpressed in most colorectal cancers (CRC). Patients with CRC expressing the highest Myb are more likely to relapse. We previously showed that mono-allelic loss of Myb in an Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)-driven CRC mouse model (ApcMin/+) significantly improves survival. Here we directly investigated the association of Myb with poor prognosis and how Myb co-operates with tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) (Apc) and cell cycle regulator, p27. Here we generated the first intestinal-specific, inducible transgenic model; a MybER transgene encoding a tamoxifen-inducible fusion protein between Myb and the estrogen receptor-α ligand-binding domain driven by the intestinal-specific promoter, Gpa33. This was to mimic human CRC with constitutive Myb activity in a highly tractable mouse model. We confirmed that the transgene was faithfully expressed and inducible in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) before embarking on carcinogenesis studies. Activation of the MybER did not change colon homeostasis unless one p27 allele was lost. We then established that MybER activation during CRC initiation using a pro-carcinogen treatment, azoxymethane (AOM), augmented most measured aspects of ISC gene expression and function and accelerated tumorigenesis in mice. CRC-associated symptoms of patients including intestinal bleeding and anaemia were faithfully mimicked in AOM-treated MybER transgenic mice and implicated hypoxia and vessel leakage identifying an additional pathogenic role for Myb. Collectively, the results suggest that Myb expands the ISC pool within which CRC is initiated while co-operating with TSG loss. Myb further exacerbates CRC pathology partly explaining why high MYB is a predictor of worse patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Malaterre
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - L Pereira
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T Putoczki
- Walter and Elisa Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Millen
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Paquet-Fifield
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Germann
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Cheasley
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Walter and Elisa Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Sampurno
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S A Stacker
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M G Achen
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R L Ward
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Waring
- Prince of Wales Clinical School and Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T Mantamadiotis
- Prince of Wales Clinical School and Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Ernst
- Walter and Elisa Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R G Ramsay
- Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School and Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Liu X, Gold KA, Dmitrovsky E. The Myb-p300 Interaction Is a Novel Molecular Pharmacologic Target. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:1273-5. [PMID: 25995438 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathryn A Gold
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ethan Dmitrovsky
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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c-MYB regulates cell growth and DNA damage repair through modulating MiR-143. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:555-64. [PMID: 25616133 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the most successful nonsurgical treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NCP). Although NPCs initially respond well to a full course of radiation, recurrence and metastasis are frequent. In this study, we found that down-regulated c-MYB expression was associated with increased radiation resistance and DNA damage repair ability. Interestingly, c-MYB was over-expressed in cancer tissues but not in the adjacent tissues. Down-regulation of c-MYB expression inhibited cell proliferation, and led to cell cycle arrest at the M phase in NPC cells. Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that c-MYB transactivated miR-143 through direct binding to its promoter. Based on these results, c-MYB might target miR-143 in order to regulate stem cell properties, cell growth, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair.
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Situational awareness: regulation of the myb transcription factor in differentiation, the cell cycle and oncogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:2049-71. [PMID: 25279451 PMCID: PMC4276956 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6042049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the mechanisms that control the activity of the c-Myb transcription factor in normal cells and tumors, and discusses how c-Myb plays a role in the regulation of the cell cycle. Oncogenic versions of c-Myb contribute to the development of leukemias and solid tumors such as adenoid cystic carcinoma, breast cancer and colon cancer. The activity and specificity of the c-Myb protein seems to be controlled through changes in protein-protein interactions, so understanding how it is regulated could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Stenman G, Persson F, Andersson MK. Diagnostic and therapeutic implications of new molecular biomarkers in salivary gland cancers. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:683-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhou F, Gao G, Ren S, Li X, He Y, Zhou C. The association between COX-2 polymorphisms and hematologic toxicity in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61585. [PMID: 23620771 PMCID: PMC3631232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Overexpression of COX-2 is proved to contribute to tumor promotion and carcinogenesis through stimulating cell proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing the invasiveness of cancer cells. Apoptosis-related molecules are potential predictive markers for survival and toxicity in platinum treatment. This study aimed at investigating the association between COX-2 polymorphisms and the occurrence of grade 3 or 4 toxicity in advanced non–small cell lung cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Materials and Methods Two hundred and twelve patients with inoperable stage IIIB-IV NSCLC received first-line chemotherapy between 2007 and 2009 were recruited in this study. Four functional COX-2 polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. Results The incidence of grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicity was significantly higher in G allele carriers of the COX-2 rs689466 (−1195G/A) polymorphism compared with wild-type homozygotes AA (P value = 0.008; odds ratio, 2.47; 95% confidence internal, 1.26–4.84) and the significance still existed after the Bonferroni correction. Statistically significant difference was also found in grade 3 or 4 leukopenia (P value = 0.010; OR = 2.82; 95%CI = 1.28–6.20). No other significant association was observed between genotype and toxicity in the study. The haplotype analysis showed that the haplotype AGG was associated with a reduced risk of grade 3 or 4 hematologic and leukopenia toxicity (P value = 0.009; OR = 0.59; 95%CI = 0.39–0.88 and P value = 0.025; OR = 0.61; 95%CI = 0.39–0.94, respectively) while the haplotype GGG was associated with an increased risk of grade 3 or 4 hematologic and leukopenia toxicity (P value = 0.009; OR = 1.71; 95%CI = 1.14–2.56 and P value = 0.025; OR = 1.65; 95%CI = 1.06–2.57, respectively). Conclusion This investigation for the first time suggested that polymorphism in COX-2 rs689466 may be a potent bio-marker in predicting severe hematologic toxicity in NSCLC patients after platinum-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengxiang Ren
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Adams BD, Guo S, Bai H, Guo Y, Megyola CM, Cheng J, Heydari K, Xiao C, Reddy EP, Lu J. An in vivo functional screen uncovers miR-150-mediated regulation of hematopoietic injury response. Cell Rep 2012; 2:1048-60. [PMID: 23084747 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are often undesired targets of chemotherapies, leading to hematopoietic suppression requiring careful clinical management. Whether microRNAs control hematopoietic injury response is largely unknown. We report an in vivo gain-of-function screen and the identification of miR-150 as an inhibitor of hematopoietic recovery upon 5-fluorouracil-induced injury. Utilizing a bone marrow transplant model with a barcoded microRNA library, we screened for barcode abundance in peripheral blood of recipient mice before and after 5-fluorouracil treatment. Overexpression of screen-candidate miR-150 resulted in significantly slowed recovery rates across major blood lineages, with associated impairment of bone marrow clonogenic potential. Conversely, platelets and myeloid cells from miR-150 null marrow recovered faster after 5-fluorouracil treatment. Heterozygous knockout of c-myb, a conserved target of miR-150, partially phenocopied miR-150-forced expression. Our data highlight the role of microRNAs in controlling hematopoietic injury response and demonstrate the power of in vivo functional screens for studying microRNAs in normal tissue physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Adams
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale Cancer Center and Yale Center for RNA Science and Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Jiang X, Huang H, Li Z, Li Y, Wang X, Gurbuxani S, Chen P, He C, You D, Zhang S, Wang J, Arnovitz S, Elkahloun A, Price C, Hong GM, Ren H, Kunjamma RB, Neilly MB, Matthews JM, Xu M, Larson RA, Le Beau MM, Slany RK, Liu PP, Lu J, Zhang J, He C, Chen J. Blockade of miR-150 maturation by MLL-fusion/MYC/LIN-28 is required for MLL-associated leukemia. Cancer Cell 2012; 22:524-35. [PMID: 23079661 PMCID: PMC3480215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is under stringent regulation at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Disturbance at either level could cause dysregulation of miRNAs. Here, we show that MLL fusion proteins negatively regulate production of miR-150, an miRNA widely repressed in acute leukemia, by blocking miR-150 precursors from being processed to mature miRNAs through MYC/LIN28 functional axis. Forced expression of miR-150 dramatically inhibited leukemic cell growth and delayed MLL-fusion-mediated leukemogenesis, likely through targeting FLT3 and MYB and thereby interfering with the HOXA9/MEIS1/FLT3/MYB signaling network, which in turn caused downregulation of MYC/LIN28. Collectively, we revealed a MLL-fusion/MYC/LIN28⊣miR-150⊣FLT3/MYB/HOXA9/MEIS1 signaling circuit underlying the pathogenesis of leukemia, where miR-150 functions as a pivotal gatekeeper and its repression is required for leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Shin WG, Kim HJ, Cho SJ, Kim HS, Kim KH, Jang MK, Lee JH, Kim HY. The COX-2-1195AA Genotype Is Associated with Diffuse-Type Gastric Cancer in Korea. Gut Liver 2012; 6:321-7. [PMID: 22844559 PMCID: PMC3404168 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2012.6.3.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The potential role of the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 polymorphism has been reported in relation to the risk of gastrointestinal tract malignancies. Therefore, we investigated whether COX-2 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of gastric cancer (GC) in Korea, one of the areas with a high prevalence of this condition. METHODS We evaluated the genotypic frequencies of COX-2-765 and -1195 in 100 peptic ulcer patients, 100 GC patients, and 100 healthy controls. The polymorphisms of the COX-2-765 and -1195 genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS The frequencies of the COX-2-1195 GG, GA, and AA genotype were 20%, 60%, and 20% in intestinal-type GC and 8%, 48%, and 44% in diffuse-type GC, respectively (p=0.021). There were no significant differences in the frequency of COX-2-765 genotypes between intestinal-type GC and diffuse-type GC (p=0.603). Age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that the COX-2-1195 AA genotype was the independent risk factor of diffuse-type GC compared with the COX-2-1195 GG genotype (p=0.041; odds ratio, 6.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.077 to 35.870). CONCLUSIONS The COX-2-1195 AA genotype may render subjects more susceptible to diffuse-type GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon Geon Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cheasley D, Pereira L, Lightowler S, Vincan E, Malaterre J, Ramsay RG. Myb Controls Intestinal Stem Cell Genes and Self-Renewal. Stem Cells 2011; 29:2042-50. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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30
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Tang Z, Nie ZL, Pan Y, Zhang L, Gao L, Zhang Q, Qu L, He B, Song G, Zhang Y, Shukui Wang. The Cox-2 -1195 G > A polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 25 case-control studies. Mutagenesis 2011; 26:729-34. [PMID: 21734230 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ger040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2, a rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostanoids) has been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes, and it has been reported that polymorphisms in the regulatory region of Cox-2 might influence its expression, contributing to the interindividual susceptibility to cancer. However, results from published studies on the association between the Cox-2 -1195G > A polymorphism and the risk of cancer are conflicting. We performed a meta-analysis based on 25 case-control studies, including a total of 9482 cancer cases and 12 206 controls to derive a more precise estimation of the association and its possible influence on cancer risk. We used odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the strength of the association. The overall results indicated that the variant genotypes moderately increased risk of cancer (AA/AG versus GG, OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02-1.31). In the stratified analysis for the -1195G > A polymorphism, a proximate association was observed in Asian populations (AA/AG versus GG, OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12-1.46), but no significant association except for oesophageal cancer and 'others' was found when stratified by cancer type. In conclusion, our meta-analysis indicates that -1195G > A of Cox-2 is a low penetration risk factor for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Tang
- Central Laboratory of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210006, China
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Bian Z, Li L, Cui J, Zhang H, Liu Y, Zhang CY, Zen K. Role of miR-150-targeting c-Myb in colonic epithelial disruption during dextran sulphate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis and human ulcerative colitis. J Pathol 2011; 225:544-53. [PMID: 21590770 DOI: 10.1002/path.2907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are associated with differential expression of genes involved in inflammation and tissue remodelling. We surveyed the expression profile of apoptosis-related microRNAs by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) murine model of colitis. We found that miR-150 was strongly elevated, whereas c-Myb, a transcription factor and a target gene of miR-150, was significantly reduced in colon tissue after DSS treatment. Interestingly, elevation of miR-150 and down-regulation of c-Myb were also observed in human colon with active ulcerative colitis compared to the normal colon. Supporting the observation of DSS treatment inducing colonic cell apoptosis, Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein known to be regulated by c-Myb, was reduced in colon tissue of DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, forced expression of pre-miR-150 in colonic epithelial HT29 cells strongly elevated miR-150 levels and decreased c-Myb and Bcl-2 levels, thus enhancing cell apoptosis induced by serum deprivation. Together, the present study presents the first evidence that miR-150 and its targeting of c-Myb may serve as a new mechanism underlying the colonic epithelial disruption in DSS-induced murine experimental colitis and in active human IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Bian
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
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Srivastava K, Srivastava A, Kumar A, Mittal B. Gallbladder cancer predisposition: a multigenic approach to DNA-repair, apoptotic and inflammatory pathway genes. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16449. [PMID: 21283657 PMCID: PMC3025033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a multifactorial disease with complex interplay between multiple genetic variants. We performed Classification and Regression Tree Analysis (CART) and Grade of Membership (GoM) analysis to identify combinations of alleles among the DNA repair, inflammatory and apoptotic pathway genetic variants in modifying the risk for GBC. We analyzed 16 polymorphisms in 8 genes involved in DNA repair, apoptotic and inflammatory pathways to find out combinations of genetic variants contributing to GBC risk. The genes included in the study were XRCC1, OGG1, ERCC2, MSH2, CASP8, TLR2, TLR4 and PTGS2. Single locus analysis by logistic regression showed association of MSH2 IVS1+9G>C (rs2303426), ERCC2 Asp312Asn (rs1799793), OGG1 Ser326Cys (rs1052133), OGG1 IVS4-15C>G (rs2072668), CASP8 -652 6N ins/del (rs3834129), PTGS2 -1195G>A (rs689466), PTGS2 -765G>C (rs20417), TLR4 Ex4+936C>T (rs4986791) and TLR2 –196 to –174del polymorphisms with GBC risk. The CART analysis revealed OGG1 Ser326Cys, and OGG1 IVS4-15C>G polymorphisms as the best polymorphic signature for discriminating between cases and controls. In the GoM analysis, the data was categorized into six sets representing risk for GBC with respect to the investigated polymorphisms. Sets I, II and III described low intrinsic risk (controls) characterized by multiple protective alleles while sets IV, V and VI represented high intrinsic risk groups (GBC cases) characterized by the presence of multiple risk alleles. The CART and GoM analyses also showed the importance of PTGS2 -1195G>A polymorphism in susceptibility to GBC risk. In conclusion, the present multigenic approach can be used to define individual risk profiles for gallbladder cancer in North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Anvesha Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Balraj Mittal
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
- * E-mail:
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Chen RX, Xia YH, Xue TC, Ye SL. Transcription factor c-Myb promotes the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via increasing osteopontin expression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2010; 29:172. [PMID: 21190594 PMCID: PMC3023683 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-29-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Specific gene expression is tightly regulated by various transcription factors. Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphoprotein that mediates hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and metastasis. However, the mechanism of OPN up-regulation in HCC metastasis remains to be clarified. Methods Oligonucleotide array-based transcription factor assays were applied to compare different activities of transcription factors in two human HCC cell lines with different OPN expression levels. The effects of one selected transcription factor on OPN expression were further evaluated. Results Eleven transcription factors were over-expressed in metastatic HCC cell line HCCLM6 cells whereas twelve transcription factors were down-regulated. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and reporter gene assays showed that one of up-regulated transcription factors c-Myb could bind the OPN promoter and increase its transcription activity. In addition, small interfering RNA targeting c-Myb could inhibit OPN expression and significantly decrease migration and invasion of HCCLM6 cells in vitro. Conclusion Our data first demonstrate that c-Myb has a functionally important role in the regulation of OPN expression in HCC cells, suggesting that c-Myb might be a new target to control HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Xin Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Tanno B, Sesti F, Cesi V, Bossi G, Ferrari-Amorotti G, Bussolari R, Tirindelli D, Calabretta B, Raschellà G. Expression of Slug is regulated by c-Myb and is required for invasion and bone marrow homing of cancer cells of different origin. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:29434-45. [PMID: 20622260 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.089045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In metastatic cancer cells, the process of invasion is regulated by several transcription factors that induce changes required for migration and resistance to apoptosis. Slug (SNAI2, Snail2) is involved in epithelial mesenchymal transition in physiological and in pathological contexts. We show here that in embryonic kidney, colon carcinoma, chronic myeloid leukemia-blast crisis, and in neuroblastoma cells, expression of Slug is transcriptionally regulated by c-Myb via Myb binding sites in the 5'-flanking region and in the first intron of the slug gene. In embryonic kidney and neuroblastoma cells, c-Myb induced vimentin, fibronectin, and N-cadherin expression and membrane ruffling via actin polymerization consistent with the acquisition of a mesenchymal-like phenotype. Furthermore, down-regulation of endogenous c-Myb levels in colon carcinoma cells led to increased expression of E-cadherin and reduced levels of vimentin. Some of these changes are predominantly Slug-dependent as Slug silencing via RNA interference (RNAi) reverts the cells to a quasi-parental condition. Changes in gene expression and morphology induced by c-Myb-activated Slug correlated with increased ability to migrate (embryonic kidney) and to invade through a Matrigel membrane (embryonic kidney, colon carcinoma, neuroblastoma). c-Myb-dependent Slug expression was also essential for the homing of chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells to the bone marrow. In summary, we show here that the proto-oncogene c-Myb controls Slug transcription in tumor cells of different origin. Such a regulatory pathway contributes to the acquisition of invasive properties that are important for the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tanno
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Research Center Casaccia, Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Biomedicine, 00123 Rome, Italy
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Svec J, Musílková J, Bryndová J, Jirásek T, Mandys V, Kment M, Pácha J. Enhanced expression of proproliferative and antiapoptotic genes in ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010; 16:1127-37. [PMID: 20027603 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases including long-standing ulcerative colitis (UC) have an increased risk of evolving into colorectal cancer (CRC). The overexpression of some proproliferative and antiapoptotic genes, such as survivin, telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT), integrin-linked kinase (ILK), and regulatory factors c-MYB and Tcf-4, has been implicated in the development and progression of several human malignancies including CRC. METHODS In this study we analyzed the expression alterations of these markers and proinflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) during the transition of colonic mucosa from chronic inflammation to epithelial neoplasia in biopsies of UC patients using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry; additionally, we compared the expression profiles of this gene panel in samples of patients with CRC after tumor resection and in human tumor xenografts of SW620 malignant colonic cells. RESULTS The transcript levels of survivin, c-MYB, COX-2, iNOS, and Tcf-4 showed a statistically significant increase during neoplastic transformation of UC patient colonic mucosa, whereas hTERT and ILK were not elevated. In contrast, the specimens of CRC showed upregulated expression of not only survivin, c-MYB, Tcf-4, COX-2, and iNOS but also hTERT. A similar expression profile was observed in human tumor xenografts in which all transcripts with the exception of c-MYB were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that telomerase and ILK activation occurs during the later stages of carcinoma progression, whereas upregulation of survivin, c-MYB, and Tcf-4 is a feature of the early stage of development of neoplasia, and thus, they might serve as early indicators for UC-associated colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirí Svec
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Srivastava K, Srivastava A, Pandey SN, Kumar A, Mittal B. Functional polymorphisms of the cyclooxygenase (PTGS2) gene and risk for gallbladder cancer in a North Indian population. J Gastroenterol 2009; 44:774-80. [PMID: 19455278 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-009-0071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 03/22/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2) overexpression has been implicated in various cancers. We aimed to evaluate the role of PTGS2 -1195G>A [reference sequence (rs) 689466], -765G>C (rs20417) and +8473T>C (rs5275) polymorphisms in conferring interindividual susceptibility to gallbladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 167 gallbladder cancer cases and 184 controls. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Risk was estimated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS Significant risk was observed in the presence of PTGS2 -1195GA (P=0.006; odds ratio=2.00; 95% confidence interval=1.2-3.3) and AA genotypes (P=0.050; odds ratio=2.98; 95% confidence interval=1.0-8.9). Combined risk due to GA+AA genotypes was 2.12 (P=0.002; 95% confidence interval=1.3-3.3; P-trend=0.001). Sub-grouping showed a risk due to the PTGS2 -1195(GA+AA) genotype in males (P=0.007; odds ratio=2.97; 95% confidence interval=1.3-6.5), patients without gallstones (P=0.001; odds ratio=2.53; 95% confidence interval=1.4-4.7) and with late-onset gallbladder cancer (P=0.012; odds ratio=1.99; 95% confidence interval=1.1-3.4). Gallbladder cancer patients who used tobacco were at increased risk in the presence of the PTGS2 -765GC genotype (P=0.018; odds ratio=2.96; 95% confidence interval=1.2-7.2). DISCUSSION An association of PTGS2 -1195G>A polymorphism with gallbladder cancer, particularly in patients without gallstones, suggests a direct role of PTGS2 in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Cho GW, Kim MH, Kim SH, Ha SA, Kim HK, Kim S, Kim JW. TCF/beta-catenin plays an important role in HCCR-1 oncogene expression. BMC Mol Biol 2009; 10:42. [PMID: 19435525 PMCID: PMC2693525 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-10-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oncogene HCCR-1 functions as a negative regulator of the p53 and contributes to tumorigenesis of various human tissues. However, it is unknown how HCCR-1 contributes to the cellular and biochemical mechanisms of human tumorigenesis. Results In this study, we showed how the expression of HCCR-1 is modulated. The luciferase activity assay indicated that the HCCR-1 5'-flanking region at positions -166 to +30 plays an important role in HCCR-1 promoter activity. Computational analysis of this region identified two consensus sequences for the T-cell factor (TCF) located at -26 to -4 (Tcf1) and -136 to -114 (Tcf2). Mutation at the Tcf1 site led to a dramatic decrease in promoter activity. Mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that nuclear proteins bind to the Tcf1 site, but not to the Tcf2 site. LiCl, Wnt signal activator by GSK-3β inhibition, significantly increased reporter activities in wild-type Tcf1-containing constructs, but were without effect in mutant Tcf1-containing constructs in HEK/293 cells. In addition, endogenous HCCR-1 expression was also increased by treatment with GSK-3β inhibitor, LiCl or AR-A014418 in HEK/293 and K562 cells. Finally, we also observed that the transcription factor, TCF, and its cofactor, β-catenin, bound to the Tcf1 site. Conclusion These findings suggest that the Tcf1 site on the HCCR-1 promoter is a major element regulating HCCR-1 expression and abnormal stimulation of this site may induce various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goang-Won Cho
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 133-791, Korea.
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38
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Williams BB, Wall M, Miao RY, Williams B, Bertoncello I, Kershaw MH, Mantamadiotis T, Haber M, Norris MD, Gautam A, Darcy PK, Ramsay RG. Induction of T cell-mediated immunity using a c-Myb DNA vaccine in a mouse model of colon cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 57:1635-45. [PMID: 18386000 PMCID: PMC11030567 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the proto-oncogene c-Myb occurs in more than 80% of colorectal cancer (CRC) and is associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis. To test c-Myb as a therapeutic target in CRC we devised a DNA fusion vaccine to generate an anti-CRC immune response. c-Myb, like many tumor antigens, is weakly immunogenic as it is a "self" antigen and subject to tolerance. To break tolerance, a DNA fusion vaccine was generated comprising wild-type c-Myb cDNA flanked by two potent Th epitopes derived from tetanus toxin. Vaccination was performed targeting a highly aggressive, weakly immunogenic, subcutaneous, syngeneic, colon adenocarcinoma cell line MC38 which highly expresses c-Myb. Prophylactic intravenous vaccination significantly suppressed tumor growth, through the induction of anti-tumor immunity for which the tetanus epitopes were essential. Vaccination generated anti-tumor immunity mediated by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and increased infiltration of immune effector cells at the tumor site. Importantly, no evidence of autoimmune pathology in endogenous c-Myb expressing tissues was detected as a consequence of breaking tolerance. In summary, these results establish c-Myb as a potential antigen for immune targeting in CRC and serve to provide proof of principle for the continuing development of DNA vaccines targeting c-Myb to bring this approach to the clinic.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/immunology
- Adenocarcinoma/therapy
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Western
- Bone Marrow/immunology
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Cancer Vaccines/genetics
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Colonic Neoplasms/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/therapy
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Genes, MHC Class I/physiology
- Genes, myb/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Immunity
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Proto-Oncogene Mas
- Stem Cells/cytology
- Stem Cells/immunology
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- Survival Rate
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Tetanus Toxin/genetics
- Tetanus Toxin/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, DNA/therapeutic use
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39
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Rønneberg JA, Tost J, Solvang HK, Alnaes GIG, Johansen FE, Brendeford EM, Yakhini Z, Gut IG, Lønning PE, Børresen-Dale AL, Gabrielsen OS, Kristensen VN. GSTP1 promoter haplotypes affect DNA methylation levels and promoter activity in breast carcinomas. Cancer Res 2008; 68:5562-71. [PMID: 18632608 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-5828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The CpG island spanning the transcription start of the glutathione S-transferase P1 becomes methylated in a variety of human cancers including breast cancer. To study the effect of sequence variation on hypermethylation of the GSTP1 promoter, we analyzed the genetic and epigenetic variability in 90 tumors from patients with locally advanced breast cancer. High-resolution quantitative analysis revealed large variability in the DNA methylation levels. Lack of methylation was more often observed in the basal and normal-like estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors, and methylated GSTP1 was associated with better overall survival (P = 0.00063). Studies of the genetic variation identified 14 different haplotypes. The distribution of methylation levels of tumors homozygous for the most frequent haplotype was significantly different from other haplotype combinations (P = 0.011), the difference being more pronounced in ER-positive (P = 0.005) and progesterone receptor-positive (P = 0.008) tumors. Regression modeling identified the ER status and haplotype as the main determinants of DNA methylation variability. We identified a putative c-Myb response element (MRE) that was present in one of two minimal promoter haplotypes. In vitro analysis showed that c-Myb binds to the MRE, but binding was weakened by the two polymorphisms. Transient cotransfections in luminal-type and basal-like breast cancer cell lines confirmed cell-specific differential binding of c-Myb to the polymorphic sites, leading to a change in the expression from the GSTP1 promoter in vivo. GSTP1 expression was moderately but significantly (P = 0.01) reduced after siRNA-mediated knockdown of c-Myb. Our results indicate that haplotype structure of a promoter is important for the extent of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Anders Rønneberg
- Department of Genetics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
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40
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Gibbs JD, Liebermann DA, Hoffman B. Leukemia suppressor function of Egr-1 is dependent on transforming oncogene. Leukemia 2008; 22:1909-16. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2008.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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MicroRNA-mediated control of cell fate in megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors. Dev Cell 2008; 14:843-53. [PMID: 18539114 PMCID: PMC2688789 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 02/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lineage specification is a critical issue in developmental and regenerative biology. We hypothesized that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important participants in those processes and used the poorly understood regulation of megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors (MEPs) in hematopoiesis as a model system. We report here that miR-150 modulates lineage fate in MEPs. Using a novel methodology capable of profiling miRNA expression in small numbers of primary cells, we identify miR-150 as preferentially expressed in the megakaryocytic lineage. Through gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we demonstrate that miR-150 drives MEP differentiation toward megakaryocytes at the expense of erythroid cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we identify the transcription factor MYB as a critical target of miR-150 in this regulation. These experiments show that miR-150 regulates MEP fate, and thus establish a role for miRNAs in lineage specification of mammalian multipotent cells.
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42
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Abstract
The transcription factor MYB has a key role as a regulator of stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow, colonic crypts and a neurogenic region of the adult brain. It is in these compartments that a deficit in MYB activity leads to severe or lethal phenotypes. As was predicted from its leukaemogenicity in several animal species, MYB has now been identified as an oncogene that is involved in some human leukaemias. Moreover, recent evidence has strengthened the case that MYB is activated in colon and breast cancer: a block to MYB expression is overcome by mutation of the regulatory machinery in the former disease and by oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) in the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Ramsay
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrew's Place, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
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43
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Shi J, Misso NL, Kedda MA, Horn J, Welch MD, Duffy DL, Williams C, Thompson PJ. Cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms in an Australian population: association of the -1195G > A promoter polymorphism with mild asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 38:913-20. [PMID: 18489027 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.02986.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is an inducible enzyme responsible for catalysing the formation of prostaglandins (PGs) in settings of inflammation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the COX-2 gene may influence gene transcription and PG production in the asthmatic airway. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequencies of COX-2 SNPs in an Australian Caucasian population, and determine potential associations between common COX-2 promoter SNPs and asthma, asthma severity and aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA). METHODS The frequencies of 25 COX-2 SNPs were determined in a random population (n=176). The SNPs with a minor allele frequency of >10% were then studied in asthmatic (n=663), non-asthmatic controls (n=513) and AIA subjects (n=58). Genotype, allele and haplotype associations were assessed. Functional assessment of SNPs was performed by transfection into HeLa cells measured using the luciferase dual-reporter assay system. RESULTS Eighteen COX-2 SNPs were not detected, five were rare and two promoter SNPs, -1195G>A (rs689465), and -1290A>G (rs689466), were further studied. The A allele of the -1195 SNP was present at a significantly higher frequency among all asthmatic subjects (P=0.012). Over 60% of the asthmatic individuals were -1195A homozygotes compared with 54.6% of the control subjects (odds ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.06-1.72, P=0.03). After classifying for severity, the mild asthmatics represented 64.6% of -1195AA individuals, the highest of all the asthma groups compared with 54.6% of the control subjects (odds ratio, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.12-2.02, P=0.02). The -1290A/-1195G/-765G haplotype was associated with a reduced incidence of asthma (odds ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61-0.95, P=0.017). CONCLUSION The -1195G>A polymorphism appears to be associated with asthma, and in particular with mild asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shi
- Lung Institute of Western Australia and Centre for Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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44
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Aberrant expression of Fra-2 promotes CCR4 expression and cell proliferation in adult T-cell leukemia. Oncogene 2007; 27:3221-32. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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45
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Drabsch Y, Hugo H, Zhang R, Dowhan DH, Miao YR, Gewirtz AM, Barry SC, Ramsay RG, Gonda TJ. Mechanism of and requirement for estrogen-regulated MYB expression in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:13762-7. [PMID: 17690249 PMCID: PMC1959456 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0700104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MYB (the human ortholog of c-myb) is expressed in a high proportion of human breast tumors, and that expression correlates strongly with estrogen receptor (ER) positivity. This may reflect the fact that MYB is a target of estrogen/ER signaling. Because in many cases MYB expression appears to be regulated by transcriptional attenuation or pausing in the first intron, we first investigated whether this mechanism was involved in estrogen/ER modulation of MYB. We found that this was the case and that estrogen acted directly to relieve attenuation due to sequences within the first intron, specifically, a region potentially capable of forming a stem-loop structure in the transcript and an adjacent poly(dT) tract. Secondly, given the involvement of MYB in hematopoietic and colon tumors, we also asked whether MYB was required for the proliferation of breast cancer cells. We found that proliferation of ER(+) but not ER(-) breast cancer cell lines was inhibited when MYB expression was suppressed by using either antisense oligonucleotides or RNA interference. Our results show that MYB is an effector of estrogen/ER signaling and provide demonstration of a functional role of MYB in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Drabsch
- *University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology, and Metabolic Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Honor Hugo
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Rui Zhang
- *University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology, and Metabolic Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Dennis H. Dowhan
- *University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology, and Metabolic Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Yu Rebecca Miao
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Alan M. Gewirtz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Simon C. Barry
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia
| | - Robert G. Ramsay
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Thomas J. Gonda
- *University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology, and Metabolic Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- **To whom correspondence should be addressed at:
University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology, and Metabolic Medicine, Level 4, R Wing, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia. E-mail:
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46
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Kim SY, Yang YS, Hong KH, Jang KY, Chung MJ, Lee DY, Lee JC, Yi HK, Nam SY, Hwang PH. Adenovirus-mediated expression of dominant negative c-myb induces apoptosis in head and neck cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in animal model. Oral Oncol 2007; 44:383-92. [PMID: 17690006 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2007.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Revised: 05/04/2007] [Accepted: 05/06/2007] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The recent demonstration of aberrant expression of the c-myb proto-oncogene in various cancers suggests that c-myb plays an important role in the development of cancer. On this basis, it has been proposed that ablation of c-myb function might be an effective approach for therapy of c-myb dependent malignancies. We previously used a dominant negative c-myb (DN-myb) construct to induce apoptosis in K562 cells. In this study, DN-myb was expressed in an adenovirus-mediated gene delivery system and introduced into head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (HNSCC) in vitro and in vivo to examine its tumor suppressive function and its potential in HNSCC gene therapy. Over expression of DN-myb in HNSCC cells inhibited in vitro cell proliferation, expression of growth factors such as IGF-I, -II, IGF-1R, and VEGF, inhibited Akt/PKB pathway activation, and enhanced induction of apoptosis. Similarly, in vivo administration of DN-myb retarded tumor-growth. Our results support a role for DN-myb in inducing apoptosis and tumor suppression, and, furthermore, suggest that DN-myb gene therapy might provide a powerful tool for treatment of c-myb dependent malignancies such as HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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47
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Wang XY, Dakir EH, Naizhen X, Jensen-Taubman SM, DeMayo FJ, Linnoila RI. Achaete-scute homolog-1 linked to remodeling and preneoplasia of pulmonary epithelium. J Transl Med 2007; 87:527-39. [PMID: 17507989 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.3700552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic helix-loop-helix protein achaete-scute homolog-1 (ASH1) is involved in lung neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation and tumor promotion in SV40 transgenic mice. Constitutive expression of human ASH-1 (hASH1) in mouse lung results in hyperplasia and remodeling that mimics bronchiolization of alveoli (BOA), a potentially premalignant lesion of human lung carcinomas. We now show that this is due to sustained cellular proliferation in terminal bronchioles and resistance to apoptosis. Throughout the airway epithelium the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and c-Myb was increased and Akt/mTOR pathway activated. Moreover, the expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) including MMP7 was specifically enhanced at the bronchiolo-alveolar duct junction and BOA suggesting that MMPs play a key role in this microenvironment during remodeling. We also detected MMP7 in 70% of human BOA lesions. Knockdown of hASH1 gene in human lung cancer cells in vitro suppressed growth by increasing apoptosis. We also show that forced expression of hASH1 in immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells decreases apoptosis. We conclude that the impact of hASH1 is not limited to cells with NE phenotype. Rather, constitutive expression of hASH1 in lung epithelium promotes remodeling through multiple pathways that are commonly activated during lung carcinogenesis. The collective results suggest a novel model of BOA formation via hASH1-induced suppression of the apoptotic pathway. Our study yields a promising new preclinical tool for chemoprevention of peripheral lung carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Wang
- Cell and Cancer Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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48
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Kopecki Z, Luchetti MM, Adams DH, Strudwick X, Mantamadiotis T, Stoppacciaro A, Gabrielli A, Ramsay RG, Cowin AJ. Collagen loss and impaired wound healing is associated with c-Myb deficiency. J Pathol 2007; 211:351-61. [PMID: 17152050 DOI: 10.1002/path.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Collagen type I serves as an abundant structural and signalling component of skin. It is also an established target gene of the transcription factor, c-Myb. When c-myb-/- embryos were examined it was observed that their skin was markedly thinner than normal. Importantly, immunohistochemical investigation showed complete absence of collagen type I. Although these homozygous knock-out embryos fail to develop beyond day 15, fibroblasts established from these embryos (mouse embryonic fibroblasts [MEFs]) show defective proliferative responses. Furthermore, in vitro scratch wound assays demonstrated that these c-myb-/- MEFs also exhibit slower closure than their wild-type counterparts. Embryonic lethality has meant that examination of the role of c-Myb in adult mouse skin has not been reported to date. However, in view of the abundance of collagen type I in normal skin, its role in skin integrity and the in vitro data showing proliferative and migration defects in c-myb-/- MEFs, we investigated the consequences of heterozygous c-myb loss in adult mice on the complex process of skin repair in response to injury. Our studies clearly demonstrate that heterozygous c-myb deficiency has a functional effect on wound repair, collagen type I levels and, in response to wounding, transforming growth factor-beta1 (an important collagen stimulating factor) induction expression is aberrantly high. Manipulation of c-Myb may therefore provide new therapeutic opportunities for improving wound repair while uncontrolled expression may underpin some fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Kopecki
- Child Health Research Institute, North Adelaide, South Australia and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
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Malaterre J, Carpinelli M, Ernst M, Alexander W, Cooke M, Sutton S, Dworkin S, Heath JK, Frampton J, McArthur G, Clevers H, Hilton D, Mantamadiotis T, Ramsay RG. c-Myb is required for progenitor cell homeostasis in colonic crypts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:3829-34. [PMID: 17360438 PMCID: PMC1820669 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0610055104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The colonic crypt is the functional unit of the colon mucosa with a central role in ion and water reabsorption. Under steady-state conditions, the distal colonic crypt harbors a single stem cell at its base that gives rise to highly proliferative progenitor cells that differentiate into columnar, goblet, and endocrine cells. The role of c-Myb in crypt homeostasis has not been elucidated. Here we have studied three genetically distinct hypomorphic c-myb mutant mouse strains, all of which show reduced colonic crypt size. The mutations target the key domains of the transcription factor: the DNA binding, transactivation, and negative regulatory domains. In vivo proliferation and cell cycle marker studies suggest that these mice have a progenitor cell proliferation defect mediated in part by reduced Cyclin E1 expression. To independently assess the extent to which c-myb is required for colonic crypt homeostasis we also generated a novel tissue-specific mouse model to allow the deletion of c-myb in adult colon, and using these mice we show that c-Myb is required for crypt integrity, normal differentiation, and steady-state proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordane Malaterre
- *Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 8006, Australia
| | - Marina Carpinelli
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Tumour Biology Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Warren Alexander
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Michael Cooke
- Genomics Institute, Institute for Biomedical Research, San Diego, CA 92121
| | - Susan Sutton
- Genomics Institute, Institute for Biomedical Research, San Diego, CA 92121
| | - Sebastian Dworkin
- *Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 8006, Australia
| | - Joan K. Heath
- Tumour Biology Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Jon Frampton
- Medical School, Birmingham University, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; and
| | - Grant McArthur
- *Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 8006, Australia
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Laboratory, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Douglas Hilton
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Theo Mantamadiotis
- *Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 8006, Australia
| | - Robert G. Ramsay
- *Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Pathology Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 8006, Australia
- **To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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50
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Hugo H, Cures A, Suraweera N, Drabsch Y, Purcell D, Mantamadiotis T, Phillips W, Dobrovic A, Zupi G, Gonda TJ, Iacopetta B, Ramsay RG. Mutations in the MYB intron I regulatory sequence increase transcription in colon cancers. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2006; 45:1143-54. [PMID: 16977606 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although MYB overexpression in colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to be a prognostic indicator for poor survival, the basis for this overexpression is unclear. Among multiple levels of MYB regulation, the most dynamic is the control of transcriptional elongation by sequences within intron 1. The authors have proposed that this regulatory sequence is transcribed into an RNA stem-loop and 19-residue polyuridine tract, and is subject to mutation in CRC. When this region was examined in colorectal and breast carcinoma cell lines and tissues, the authors found frequent mutations only in CRC. It was determined that these mutations allowed increased transcription compared with the wild type sequence. These data suggest that this MYB regulatory region within intron 1 is subject to mutations in CRC but not breast cancer, perhaps consistent with the mutagenic insult that occurs within the colon and not mammary tissue. In CRC, these mutations may contribute to MYB overexpression, highlighting the importance of noncoding sequences in the regulation of key cancer genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honor Hugo
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, East Melbourne and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
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