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Wiedemann C, Whittaker JJ, Pérez Carrillo VH, Goretzki B, Dajka M, Tebbe F, Harder JM, Krajczy PR, Joseph B, Hausch F, Guskov A, Hellmich UA. Legionella pneumophila macrophage infectivity potentiator protein appendage domains modulate protein dynamics and inhibitor binding. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126366. [PMID: 37633566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage infectivity potentiator (MIP) proteins are widespread in human pathogens including Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease and protozoans such as Trypanosoma cruzi. All MIP proteins contain a FKBP (FK506 binding protein)-like prolyl-cis/trans-isomerase domain that hence presents an attractive drug target. Some MIPs such as the Legionella pneumophila protein (LpMIP) have additional appendage domains of mostly unknown function. In full-length, homodimeric LpMIP, the N-terminal dimerization domain is linked to the FKBP-like domain via a long, free-standing stalk helix. Combining X-ray crystallography, NMR and EPR spectroscopy and SAXS, we elucidated the importance of the stalk helix for protein dynamics and inhibitor binding to the FKBP-like domain and bidirectional crosstalk between the different protein regions. The first comparison of a microbial MIP and a human FKBP in complex with the same synthetic inhibitor was made possible by high-resolution structures of LpMIP with a [4.3.1]-aza-bicyclic sulfonamide and provides a basis for designing pathogen-selective inhibitors. Through stereospecific methylation, the affinity of inhibitors to L. pneumophila and T. cruzi MIP was greatly improved. The resulting X-ray inhibitor-complex structures of LpMIP and TcMIP at 1.49 and 1.34 Å, respectively, provide a starting point for developing potent inhibitors against MIPs from multiple pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wiedemann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J J Whittaker
- Groningen Institute for Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - V H Pérez Carrillo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - B Goretzki
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M Dajka
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - F Tebbe
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J-M Harder
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - P R Krajczy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - F Hausch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany; Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Guskov
- Groningen Institute for Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - U A Hellmich
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Huang TH, Chen CJ, Lin HCA, Chen CH, Fang JY. Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System-Containing the Poorly Absorbed Drug - Valsartan in Post-Bariatric Surgery. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2647-2658. [PMID: 37220630 PMCID: PMC10200115 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s394624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Morbid obesity and its related metabolic syndrome are an important health issue. Recently, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) have accounted for the most popular bariatric surgeries. Valsartan (VST) is a common hypertension drug, and nano-carriers can increase its solubility and bioavailability. This study aims to explore the nano-VST formula in bariatric surgery subjects. Methods High-fat fed animals were used as obese models. Operations were performed according to a standardized protocol. The drug was administrated by gavage, and blood samples were taken by serial tail vein sampling. Caco-2 cells were used for examining cell viability and drug uptake. A self-nano-emusifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) formula was composed of sefsol-218, RH-40 and propylene glycol by a specified ratio, while high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for determining drug concentrations. Results Post-operatively, subjects that underwent RYGB lost more body weight compared to the SG group. The SNEDDS did not exhibit cytotoxicity after adequate dilution, and the cytotoxicity was not related to VST dose. A better cellular uptake of SNEDDS was observed in vitro. The SNEDDS formula achieved a diameter of 84 nm in distilled water and 140 nm in simulated gastric fluid. In obese animals, the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of VST was increased 1.68-folds by SNEDDS. In RYGB with SUS, the Cmax was reduced to less than 50% of the obese group. SNEDDS increased the Cmax to 3.5 folds higher than SUS and resulted in 3.28-folds higher AUC0-24 in the RYGB group. Fluorescence imaging also confirmed a stronger signal of SNEDDS in the gastrointestinal mucosa. SNEDDS accumulated a higher drug concentration than suspension alone in the liver of the obese group. Conclusion SNEDDS could reverse the VST malabsorption in RYGB. Further studies are mandatory to clarify post-SG change of drug absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hao Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chia Angela Lin
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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El-Ghonemy DH, Ali SA, Abdel-Megeed RM, Elshafei AM. Therapeutic impact of purified Trichoderma viride L-asparaginase in murine model of liver cancer and in vitro Hep-G2 cell line. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:38. [PMID: 36995465 PMCID: PMC10063745 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the common cancers, but difficult to diagnose and treat. L-asparaginase has been introduced in the treatment protocol of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) since the 1960s with a good outcome and increased survival rates to nearly 90%. Moreover, it has been found to have therapeutic potential in solid tumors. Production of glutaminase-free-L-asparaginase is of interest to avoid glutaminase-related toxicity and hypersensitivity. In the current study, an extracellular L-asparaginase that is free of L-glutaminase was purified from the culture filtrate of an endophytic fungus Trichoderma viride. The cytotoxic effect of the purified enzyme was evaluated in vitro against a panel of human tumor cell lines and in vivo against male Wister albino mice intraperitoneally injected with diethyl nitrosamine (200 mg/kg bw), followed by (after 2 weeks) oral administration of carbon tetrachloride (2 mL/kg bw). This dose was repeated for 2 months, and after that, the blood samples were collected to estimate hepatic and renal injury markers, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress parameters. RESULTS L-asparaginase was purified from T. viride culture filtrate with 36 purification folds, 688.1 U/mg specific activity, and 38.9% yield. The highest antiproliferative activity of the purified enzyme was observed against the hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep-G2) cell line, with an IC50 of 21.2 g/mL, which was higher than that observed for MCF-7 (IC50 34.2 g/mL). Comparing the DENA-intoxicated group to the negative control group, it can be demonstrated that L-asparaginase adjusted the levels of the liver function enzymes and the hepatic injury markers that had previously changed with DENA intoxication. DENA causes kidney dysfunction and altered serum albumin and creatinine levels as well. Administration of L-asparaginase was found to improve the levels of the tested biomarkers including kidney and liver function tests. L-asparaginase treatment of the DENA-intoxicated group resulted in a significant improvement in the liver and kidney tissues to near normal similar to the healthy control group. CONCLUSION The results suggest that this purified T. viride L-asparaginase may be able to delay the development of liver cancer and may be used as a potential candidate for future application in medicine as an anticancer medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina H El-Ghonemy
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Giza, EG-12622, Egypt.
| | - Sanaa A Ali
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, 33 El Buhouth St., Giza, EG-12622, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Abdel-Megeed
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, 33 El Buhouth St., Giza, EG-12622, Egypt
| | - Ali M Elshafei
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St, Giza, EG-12622, Egypt
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Deng L, Song C, Niu Y, Li Q, Wang M, Wu YF, Ye XS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of bergenin derivatives as new immunosuppressants. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1968-1976. [PMID: 34825192 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00210d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bergenin, which is isolated from Bergenia species, exhibits various pharmacological properties. In the search for new types of immunosuppressants, a series of bergenin derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their immunosuppressive effects were evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The experimental data demonstrated that compounds 7 and 13 showed the strongest inhibition effects on mouse splenocyte proliferation (IC50 = 3.52 and 5.39 μM, respectively). Further studies revealed that the inhibitory effect may come from the suppression of both IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines. Alkylated derivatives of bergenin with n-hexyl and n-heptyl on the two phenolic hydroxyl groups showed better inhibitory activities. The hydrophobicity of bergenin derivatives, the configuration of the 4-OH in bergenin, and the ability to form hydrogen bonds of the substituents on the C-4 position are important to the immunosuppressive activity. This work proved that the modifications of bergenin may represent a new route to the discovery of a new class of immunosuppressive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Chengcheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China .,Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Youhong Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Yan-Fen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Xue Yuan Road No. 38 Beijing 100191 China
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Kim HK, Park HD, Lee SG, Chae H, Song SH, Lee YW, Yun YM, Ahn S, Kim S, Lee SM, Lee SY, Chun S. Immunosuppressive Drug Measurement by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Interlaboratory Comparison in the Korean Clinical Laboratories. Ann Lab Med 2021; 41:268-276. [PMID: 33303711 PMCID: PMC7748092 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2021.41.3.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is increasingly used for immunosuppressive drug tests. However, most LC-MS/MS tests are laboratory-developed and their agreement is unknown in different Korean laboratories. This interlaboratory comparison study evaluated test reproducibility and identified potential error sources. Methods Test samples containing three concentrations of tacrolimus, sirolimus, everolimus, cyclosporine, and mycophenolic acid were prepared by pooling surplus samples from patients undergoing routine therapeutic drug monitoring and tested in duplicate in the participating 10 clinical laboratories. Reconstitution and storage experiments were conducted for the commonly used commercial calibrator set. The robust estimators of reproducibility parameters were calculated. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (rho, ρ) was used to evaluate the correlation between drugs. Multiple linear regression was used to determine whether the experimental conditions alter the calibration curves. Results The reproducibility coefficient of variation exceeded 10% only for sirolimus concentrations 1 and 2 (10.8% and 12.5%, respectively) and everolimus concentrations 1 and 2 (12.3% and 11.4%, respectively). The percent difference values showed weak correlations between sirolimus and everolimus (ρ=0.334, P =0.175). The everolimus calibration curve slope was significantly altered after reconstitution following prolonged 5°C storage (P =0.015 for 14 days; P =0.025 for 28 days); the expected differences at 6 ng/mL were 0.598% for 14 days and 0.384% for 28 days. Conclusions LC-MS/MS test reproducibility for immunosuppressive drugs seems to be good in the Korean clinical laboratories. Continuous efforts are required to achieve test standardization and harmonization, especially for sirolimus and everolimus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ki Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Doo Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Guk Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyojin Chae
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Wha Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yeo-Min Yun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Serim Kim
- Green Cross Laboratories, Yongin, Korea
| | - Sun Min Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Soo-Youn Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sail Chun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Garg V, Nirmal J, Riadi Y, Kesharwani P, Kohli K, Jain GK. Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis in Rabbit by Topical Administration of Tacrolimus Proglycosome Nano-Vesicles. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:871-875. [PMID: 33157078 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work was aimed to improve the efficacy of tacrolimus in the treatment of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) using propylene glycol modified lipid vesicles termed as proglycosome nano-vesicles (PNVs). PNVs were prepared by modified film hydration method. Experimental uveitis in rabbit eye was induced by an intravitreal injection of 20 μL of the endotoxin solution containing 100 ng of lipopolysaccharide endotoxin. In vivo efficacy of PNVs was determined by studying clinical symptoms of uveitis using slit lamp examination and by quantitatively measuring levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, leukocytes and total proteins in aqueous humor, 24 h after intravitreal injection of endotoxin. Comparison was made with healthy, untreated and tacrolimus solution treated eyes. PNVs developed were nano-sized, deformable and showed sustained release of tacrolimus over period of 12 h. In vivo results indicated statistically significant difference between the effects of PNVs in the treatment of EIU compared to tacrolimus. PNV treatment not only subsides clinical symptoms of uveitis but also prevented breakdown of blood aqueous barrier. Tacrolimus loaded PNVs are potential new topical treatment for uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Jayabalan Nirmal
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Gaurav Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India
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Ma Y, Guan R, Gao S, Song W, Liu Y, Yang Y, Liu H. Designing orodispersible films containing everolimus for enhanced compliance and bioavailability. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1499-1508. [PMID: 32975132 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1828342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Everolimus (EVR) has been approved for the treatment of various advanced cancers and its indications are increasingly expanding. Therefore, it is crucial for patients who have difficulty in swallowing, such as pediatric and elderly patients, to obtain a convenient formulation. The oral absorption of EVR is limited due to its low solubility in water, intestinal metabolism by CYP3A4 enzyme, P-gp-mediated efflux, and metabolism in the liver. The aim of this study was to develop a novel sublingual orodispersible film loading everolimus for improving patient compliance and enhancing oral bioavailability of EVR. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Sublingual orodispersible films loading EVR were prepared by the solvent casting method and evaluated by in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS The properties of films were determined by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. The addition of acacia gum appeared to be crucial for protecting the drug from oxidation. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that loading into the sublingual orodispersible films significantly increased the oral bioavailability of EVR. CONCLUSION The EVR-loaded sublingual orodispersible films are a promising, economical, and convenient approach for delivering EVR efficiently in a solid dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidi Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Rou Guan
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Shuying Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Song
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Hongzhuo Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang, China
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Choudhury H, Maheshwari R, Pandey M, Tekade M, Gorain B, Tekade RK. Advanced nanoscale carrier-based approaches to overcome biopharmaceutical issues associated with anticancer drug ‘Etoposide’. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature, which accompanies the blood vasculature in most organs, is indispensable in the maintenance of tissue fluid homeostasis, immune cell trafficking, and nutritional lipid uptake and transport, as well as in reverse cholesterol transport. In this Review, we discuss the physiological role of the lymphatic system in the heart in the maintenance of cardiac health and describe alterations in lymphatic structure and function that occur in cardiovascular pathology, including atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. We also briefly discuss the role that immune cells might have in the regulation of lymphatic growth (lymphangiogenesis) and function. Finally, we provide examples of how the cardiac lymphatics can be targeted therapeutically to restore lymphatic drainage in the heart to limit myocardial oedema and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebba Brakenhielm
- Normandy University, UniRouen, INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU REMOD-VHF, Rouen, France.
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Gupta P, Garcia E, Sarkar A, Kapoor S, Rafiq K, Chand HS, Jayant RD. Nanoparticle Based Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 19:33-44. [PMID: 29737265 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x18666180508113253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has gained increased attention for delivering therapeutic agents effectively to the cardiovascular system. Heart targeted nanocarrier based drug delivery is a new, effective and efficacious approach for treating various cardiac related disorders such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and myocardial infarction. Nanocarrier based drug delivery system circumvents the problems associated with conventional drug delivery systems, including their nonspecificity, severe side effects and damage to the normal cells. Modification of physicochemical properties of nanocarriers such as size, shape and surface modifications can immensely alter its invivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data and will provide better treatment strategy. Several nanocarriers such as lipid, phospholipid nanoparticles have been developed for delivering drugs to the target sites within the heart. This review summarizes and increases the understanding of the advanced nanosized drug delivery systems for treating cardiovascular disorders with the promising use of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima Gupta
- Department of Immunology, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, United States
| | - Evelyn Garcia
- Department of Immunology, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, United States
| | - Amrita Sarkar
- Department of Medicine, Center of Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sumit Kapoor
- Beckman Coulter, Inc., 11800 SW 147th Ave, Miami, FL-33196, United States
| | - Khadija Rafiq
- Department of Medicine, Center of Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hitendra S Chand
- Department of Immunology, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, United States
| | - Rahul Dev Jayant
- Department of Immunology, Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL-33199, United States
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Adaptation of Quality by Design-Based Development of Isradipine Nanostructured–Lipid Carrier and Its Evaluation for In Vitro Gut Permeation and In Vivo Solubilization Fate. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:2914-2926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Qin X, Rui J, Xia Y, Mu H, Song SH, Raja Aziddin RE, Miles G, Sun Y, Chun S. Multi-center Performance Evaluations of Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassays in the Asia-Pacific Region. Ann Lab Med 2018; 38:85-94. [PMID: 29214751 PMCID: PMC5736684 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2018.38.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immunosuppressant drugs (ISDs), tacrolimus and cyclosporine, are vital for solid organ transplant patients to prevent rejection. However, toxicity is a concern, and absorption is highly variable across patients; therefore, ISD levels need to be precisely monitored. In the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, tacrolimus and cyclosporine concentrations are typically measured using immunoassays. The objective of this study was to assess the analytical performance of Roche Elecsystacrolimus and cyclosporinee electrochemiluminescence immunoassays (ECLIAs). Methods This evaluation was performed in seven centers across China, South Korea, and Malaysia. Imprecision (repeatability and reproducibility), assay accuracy, and lot-to-lot reagent variability were tested. The Elecsys ECLIAs were compared with commercially available immunoassays (Architect, Dimension, and Viva-E systems) using whole blood samples from patients with various transplant types (kidney, liver, heart, and bone marrow). Results Coefficients of variation for repeatability and reproducibility were ≤5.4% and ≤12.4%, respectively, for the tacrolimus ECLIA, and ≤5.1% and ≤7.3%, respectively, for the cyclosporine ECLIA. Method comparisons of the tacrolimus ECLIA with Architect, Dimension, and Viva-E systems yielded slope values of 1.01, 1.14, and 0.897, respectively. The cyclosporine ECLIA showed even closer agreements with the Architect, Dimension, and Viva-E systems (slope values of 1.04, 1.04, and 1.09, respectively). No major differences were observed among the different transplant types. Conclusions The tacrolimus and cyclosporine ECLIAs demonstrated excellent precision and close agreement with other immunoassays tested. These results show that both assays are suitable for ISD monitoring in an APAC population across a range of different transplant types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhen Qin
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Rui
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xia
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Mu
- Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Sang Hoon Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Raja Elina Raja Aziddin
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur Drug and Research Laboratory, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Yuli Sun
- Roche Diagnostics, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Sail Chun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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13
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Priming the body to receive the therapeutic agent to redefine treatment benefit/risk profile. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4797. [PMID: 29556068 PMCID: PMC5859131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many therapeutic agents offer a low useful dose (dose responsible for efficacy)/useless dose (dose eliminated or responsible for toxicity) ratio, mainly due to the fact that therapeutic agents must ensure in one single object all the functions required to deliver the treatment, which leads to compromises in their physico-chemical design. Here we introduce the concept of priming the body to receive the treatment by uncorrelating these functions into two distinct objects sequentially administered: a nanoprimer occupying transiently the main pathway responsible for therapeutic agent limited benefit/risk ratio followed by the therapeutic agent. The concept was evaluated for different nature of therapeutic agents: For nanomedicines we designed a liposomal nanoprimer presenting preferential hepatic accumulation without sign of acute toxicity. This nanoprimer was able to increase the blood bioavailability of nanomedicine correlated with a lower hepatic accumulation. Finally this nanoprimer markedly enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of irinotecan loaded liposomes in the HT-29 tumor model when compared to the nanomedicine alone. Then, for small molecules we demonstrated the ability of a cytochrome inhibitor loaded nanoprimer to increase efficacy of docetaxel treatment. These results shown that specific nanoprimers could be designed for each family of therapeutic agents to answer to their specific needs.
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14
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Alam T, Khan S, Gaba B, Haider MF, Baboota S, Ali J. Nanocarriers as treatment modalities for hypertension. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:358-369. [PMID: 28165823 PMCID: PMC8241143 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1255999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension, a worldwide epidemic at present, is not a disease in itself rather it is an important risk factor for serious cardiovascular disorders including myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease. Though numerous drugs acting via different mechanism of action are available in the market as conventional formulations for the treatment of hypertension but they face substantial challenges regarding their bioavailability, dosing and associated adverse effects which greatly limit their therapeutic efficacies. Various studies have demonstrated that nanocarriers can significantly increase the drug bioavailability thereby reducing the frequency of dosing in addition to minimizing toxicity associated with high dose of the drug. The present review provides an insight into the challenges associated with the conventional antihypertensive formulations and need for oral nanoparticulate systems in order to overcome problems associated with conventional formulations. Hypertension has circadian pattern of blood pressure, therefore chronotherapeutics can play a decisive role for the treatment, and however, nanoparticulate system can play major role in hypertension management. Future prospective for particulate nanocarriers in drug delivery for hypertension includes chronotherapeutics and emerging technique like gene therapy which is also covered in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tausif Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi
| | - Bharti Gaba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi
| | - Md. Faheem Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi
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15
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Tao C, Chen J, Huang A, Zhang J, Lin B, Liu Z, Zhang M, Chen X, Zeng L, Zhang L, Song H. Development of solidified self-microemulsifying delivery systems with enhanced stability of sirolimus and extended release. Int J Pharm 2016; 513:255-261. [PMID: 27628781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The application of sirolimus (SRL) as immunosuppressive agent is hampered by its poor water solubility and narrow therapeutic range. The self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) succeeded in improving the solubility of SRL in our previous work. In this study, the formulation of the SMEDDS was further optimized by investigating the influence of the excipients including the media, antioxidant and organic acid. It was demonstrated that addition of 0.20% of citric acid in SMEDDS most efficiently promoted the stability of SRL under high temperature (40±2°C), high humidity (relative humidity 90±5%) or strong light irradiation (4500±500lx). SMEDDS absorbed by microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was mixed with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) to prepare tablets. The optimal formulation composed of 15% of HPMC 100 LV with hardness of 120N, which had a sustained release of 12h. Results of X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that SRL in the tablets was in amorphous or molecularly dispersed state. The SMEDDS-tablets presented as promising substrates for water insoluble drugs with enhanced stability and extended release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Juming Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Aiwen Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Bing Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Minxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Lingjun Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Lingna Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Hongtao Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Fuzhou 350025, PR China.
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16
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Zouari R, Ben Abdallah-Kolsi R, Hamden K, Feki AE, Chaabouni K, Makni-Ayadi F, Sallemi F, Ellouze-Chaabouni S, Ghribi-Aydi D. Assessment of the antidiabetic and antilipidemic properties of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactant in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Biopolymers 2016; 104:764-74. [PMID: 26228442 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to scrutinize the potential of Bacillus subtilis SPB1biosurfactant, orally administered, for preventing diabetic complications in rats. The findings revealed that, Bacillus subtilis biosurfactant was an effective reducer of α-amylase activity in the plasma. Moreover, this supplement helped protect the β-cells from death and damage. Both the inhibitory action of SPB1 biosurfactant on α-amylase and the protection of the pancreas' β-cells lead to a decrease of the blood glucose levels, consequently antihyperglycemic effect. Interestingly, this lipopeptide biosurfactant modulated key enzyme related to hyperlipidemia as lipase; which leads to the regulation of the lipid profile in serum by the delay in the absorption of LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol. Histological analyses also showed that it exerted a protective action on the pancreases and efficiently preserved the liver-kidney functions of diabetic rats, evidenced by significant decreases in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, gamma-glytamyl transpeptidase and lactate deshydrogenase activities in the plasma, as well as in the creatinine and urea contents. Overall, the present study demonstrated that the hypoglycemic and antilipidemic activities exhibited by Bacillus subtilis biosurfactant were effective enough to alleviate induced diabetes in experimental rats. Therefore, SPB1biosurfactant could be considered as a potential strong candidate for the treatment and prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raida Zouari
- Unit "Enzymes and Bioconversion", National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Tunisia
| | | | - Khaled Hamden
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Tunisia.,Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | - Fahima Sallemi
- Anatomical Pathology and Cytology Laboratory, Ibn Nafis, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Semia Ellouze-Chaabouni
- Unit "Enzymes and Bioconversion", National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Dhouha Ghribi-Aydi
- Unit "Enzymes and Bioconversion", National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax (ISBS), Tunisia
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17
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Cryptosporidiosis Treated With Nitazoxanide in Intestinal Transplantation. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Sikma MA, van Maarseveen EM, Donker DW, Meulenbelt J. Letter to the editor: "Immunosuppressive drug therapy--biopharmaceutical challenges and remedies". Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1955-6; discussion 1956-7. [PMID: 26549727 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1106687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M A Sikma
- a Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Intensive Care and National Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands.,b Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Intensive Care and National Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht , B 00.118, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - E M van Maarseveen
- c Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - D W Donker
- d Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - J Meulenbelt
- e Intensive Care Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, National Poisons Information Center and Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Utrecht and Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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19
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Kloster-Jensen K, Vethe NT, Bremer S, Abadpour S, Korsgren O, Foss A, Bergan S, Scholz H. Intracellular sirolimus concentration is reduced by tacrolimus in human pancreatic islets in vitro. Transpl Int 2015; 28:1152-61. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Kloster-Jensen
- Department of Transplantation Medicine; Oslo University Hospital; Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research; University of Oslo; Norway
| | - Nils Tore Vethe
- Department of Pharmacology; Oslo University Hospital; Norway
| | - Sara Bremer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Oslo University Hospital; Norway
| | - Shadab Abadpour
- Department of Transplantation Medicine; Oslo University Hospital; Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research; University of Oslo; Norway
| | - Olle Korsgren
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory; Uppsala University; Sweden
| | - Aksel Foss
- Department of Transplantation Medicine; Oslo University Hospital; Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research; University of Oslo; Norway
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Oslo; Norway
| | - Stein Bergan
- Department of Pharmacology; Oslo University Hospital; Norway
- School of Pharmacy; University of Oslo; Norway
| | - Hanne Scholz
- Department of Transplantation Medicine; Oslo University Hospital; Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research; University of Oslo; Norway
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