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Maqbool T, Yousuf RI, Ahmed FR, Shoaib MH, Irshad A, Saleem MT, Qazi F, Sarfaraz S, Rizvi SA, Mahmood ZA. Cellulose ether and carbopol 971 based gastroretentive controlled release formulation design, optimization and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of ondansetron hydrochloride minitablets. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133841. [PMID: 39032888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to design and optimize ondansetron (OND) gastro-retentive floating minitablets for better and prolonged control of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) with improved patient compliance. Minitablets were directly compressed and encapsulated in a size 2 capsule shell with an overall dose of 24 mg. Central composite design (CCD) was applied keeping one cellulose ether derivative HPMC K15M and Carbopol 971 as variable and used as swelling and rate retarding agents. The other cellulose derivative i.e. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, along with mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, and talc, were used in fixed quantities. The floating lag time, total floating time, swelling index, in-vitro drug release, and zero-order (RSQ value), were critical quality parameters. The optimized formulation (Fpred) was evaluated for all critical parameters, along with surface morphology, thermal stability, chemical interaction, and accelerated stability. The in silico PBPK modeling was applied to compare the bioavailability of Fpred with reference OND immediate-release tablets. The numerical optimization model predicted >90 % drug release with zero-order at 12 h. In silico PBPK modeling revealed comparable relative bioavailability of Fpred with the reference formulation. The gastroretentive floating minitablets of OND were successfully designed for prolonged emesis control in patients receiving chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmina Maqbool
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Ismail Yousuf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Farrukh Rafiq Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Harris Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Talha Saleem
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Faaiza Qazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sana Sarfaraz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | | | - Zafar Alam Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Graván P, Rojas S, Picchi DF, Galisteo-González F, Horcajada P, Marchal JA. Towards a More Efficient Breast Cancer Therapy Using Active Human Cell Membrane-Coated Metal-Organic Frameworks. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:784. [PMID: 38727378 PMCID: PMC11085653 DOI: 10.3390/nano14090784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The recent description of well-defined molecular subtypes of breast cancer has led to the clinical development of a number of successful molecular targets. Particularly, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer with historically poor outcomes, mainly due to the lack of effective targeted therapies. Recent progresses in materials science have demonstrated the impressive properties of metal-organic framework nanoparticles (NPs) as antitumoral drug delivery systems. Here, in a way to achieve efficient bio-interfaces with cancer cells and improve their internalization, benchmarked MIL-100(Fe) NPs were coated with cell membranes (CMs) derived from the human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-468. The prepared CMs-coated metal-organic framework (CMs_MIL-100(Fe)) showed enhanced colloidal stability, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-468 cells compared to non-coated NPs, paving the way for these human CMs-coated MIL-100(Fe) NPs as effective targeted therapies against the challenging TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Graván
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (P.G.); (F.G.-G.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modelling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D—Biofabrication and 3D (Bio)Printing Laboratory, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Rojas
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Darina Francesca Picchi
- Advanced Porous Materials Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Av. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Spain;
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/Tulipan, s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Galisteo-González
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (P.G.); (F.G.-G.)
| | - Patricia Horcajada
- Advanced Porous Materials Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Av. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Spain;
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit Modelling Nature (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D—Biofabrication and 3D (Bio)Printing Laboratory, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
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Dong QQ, Wu Q, Lu Y, Shi Y, Yang KD, Xu XL, Chen W. Exploring β-glucan as a micro-nano system for oral delivery targeted the colon. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127360. [PMID: 37827417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The critical role of oral colon-specific delivery systems (OCDDS) is important for delivering active agents to the colon and rectum specifically via the oral route. The use of micro/nanostructured OCDDS further improves drug stability, bioavailability, and retention time, leading to enhanced therapeutic effects. However, designing micro/nanoscale OCDDSs is challenging due to pH changes, enzymatic degradation, and systemic absorption and metabolism. Biodegradable natural polysaccharides are a promising solution to these problems, and β-glucan is one of the most promising natural polysaccharides due to its unique structural features, conformational flexibility, and specific processing properties. This review covers the diverse chemical structures of β-glucan, its benefits (biocompatibility, easy modification, and colon-specific degradation), and various β-glucan-based micro/nanosized OCDDSs, as well as their drawbacks. The potential of β-glucan offers exciting new opportunities for colon-specific drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Dong
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, PR China
| | - Qian Wu
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yi Shi
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Ke-Da Yang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
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Dubashynskaya NV, Gasilova ER, Skorik YA. Nano-Sized Fucoidan Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes: Recent Advances in Design and Prospects for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032615. [PMID: 36768936 PMCID: PMC9916530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine polysaccharide fucoidan (FUC) is a promising polymer for pharmaceutical research and development of novel drug delivery systems with modified release and targeted delivery. The presence of a sulfate group in the polysaccharide makes FUC an excellent candidate for the formation of interpolyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) with various polycations. However, due to the structural diversity of FUC, the design of FUC-based nanoformulations is challenging. This review describes the main strategies for the use of FUC-based PECs to develop drug delivery systems with improved biopharmaceutical properties, including nanocarriers in the form of FUC-chitosan PECs for pH-sensitive oral delivery, targeted delivery systems, and polymeric nanoparticles for improved hydrophobic drug delivery (e.g., FUC-zein PECs, core-shell structures obtained by the layer-by-layer self-assembly method, and self-assembled hydrophobically modified FUC particles). The importance of a complex study of the FUC structure, and the formation process of PECs based on it for obtaining reproducible polymeric nanoformulations with the desired properties, is also discussed.
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Impact of gastric and bowel surgery on gastrointestinal drug delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:37-53. [PMID: 35585472 PMCID: PMC9726802 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
General surgical procedures on the gastrointestinal tract are commonly performed worldwide. Surgical resections of the stomach, small intestine, or large intestine can have a significant impact on the anatomy and physiological environment of the gastrointestinal tract. These physiological changes can affect the effectiveness of orally administered formulations and drug absorption and, therefore, should be considered in rational drug formulation design for specific pathological conditions that are commonly associated with surgical intervention. For optimal drug delivery, it is important to understand how different surgical procedures affect the short-term and long-term functionality of the gastrointestinal tract. The significance of the surgical intervention is dependent on factors such as the specific region of resection, the degree of the resection, the adaptive and absorptive capacity of the remaining tissue, and the nature of the underlying disease. This review will focus on the common pathological conditions affecting the gastric and bowel regions that may require surgical intervention and the physiological impact of the surgery on gastrointestinal drug delivery. The pharmaceutical considerations for conventional and novel oral drug delivery approaches that may be impacted by general surgical procedures of the gastrointestinal tract will also be addressed.
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6
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Mahmoud DB, Schulz-Siegmund M. Utilizing 4D Printing to Design Smart Gastroretentive, Esophageal, and Intravesical Drug Delivery Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 12:e2202631. [PMID: 36571721 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The breakthrough of 3D printing in biomedical research has paved the way for the next evolutionary step referred to as four dimensional (4D) printing. This new concept utilizes the time as the fourth dimension in addition to the x, y, and z axes with the idea to change the configuration of a printed construct with time usually in response to an external stimulus. This can be attained through the incorporation of smart materials or through a preset smart design. The 4D printed constructs may be designed to exhibit expandability, flexibility, self-folding, self-repair or deformability. This review focuses on 4D printed devices for gastroretentive, esophageal, and intravesical delivery. The currently unmet needs and challenges for these application sites are tried to be defined and reported on published solution concepts involving 4D printing. In addition, other promising application sites that may similarly benefit from 4D printing approaches such as tracheal and intrauterine drug delivery are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina B Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Egyptian Drug Authority, 12311, Giza, Egypt
| | - Michaela Schulz-Siegmund
- Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
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Choukaife H, Seyam S, Alallam B, Doolaanea AA, Alfatama M. Current Advances in Chitosan Nanoparticles Based Oral Drug Delivery for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3933-3966. [PMID: 36105620 PMCID: PMC9465052 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s375229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As per the WHO, colorectal cancer (CRC) caused around 935,173 deaths worldwide in 2020 in both sexes and at all ages. The available anticancer therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and anticancer drugs are all associated with limited therapeutic efficacy, adverse effects and low chances. This has urged to emerge several novel therapeutic agents as potential therapies for CRC including synthetic and natural materials. Orally administrable and targeted drug delivery systems are attractive strategies for CRC therapy as they minimize the side effects, enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Nevertheless, oral drug delivery till today faces several challenges like poor drug solubility, stability, and permeability. Various oral nano-based approaches and targeted drug delivery systems have been developed recently, as a result of the ability of nanoparticles to control the release of the encapsulant, drug targeting and reduce the number of dosages administered. The unique physicochemical properties of chitosan polymer assist to overcome oral drug delivery barriers and target the colon tumour cells. Chitosan-based nanocarriers offered additional improvements by enhancing the stability, targeting and bioavailability of several anti-colorectal cancer agents. Modified chitosan derivatives also facilitated CRC targeting through strengthening the protection of encapsulant against acidic and enzyme degradation of gastrointestinal track (GIT). This review aims to provide an overview of CRC pathology, therapy and the barriers against oral drug delivery. It also emphasizes the role of nanotechnology in oral drug targeted delivery system and the growing interest towards chitosan and its derivatives. The present review summarizes the relevant works to date that have studied the potential applications of chitosan-based nanocarrier towards CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Choukaife
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Terengganu, 22200, Malaysia
| | - Salma Seyam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Terengganu, 22200, Malaysia
| | - Batoul Alallam
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
| | - Abd Almonem Doolaanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, 25200, Malaysia
| | - Mulham Alfatama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Terengganu, 22200, Malaysia
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Administration strategies and smart devices for drug release in specific sites of the upper GI tract. J Control Release 2022; 348:537-552. [PMID: 35690278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the release of drugs in specific sites of the upper GI tract would meet local therapeutic goals, improve the bioavailability of specific drugs and help overcoming compliance-related limitations, especially in chronic illnesses of great social/economic impact and involving polytherapies (e.g. Parkinson's and Alzeimer's disease, tubercolosis, malaria, HIV, HCV). It has been traditionally pursued using gastroretentive (GR) systems, i.e. low-density, high-density, magnetic, adhesive and expandable devices. More recently, the interest towards oral administration of biologics has prompted the development of novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) provided with needles and able to inject different formulations in the mucosa of the upper GI tract and particularly of esophagus, stomach or small intestine. Besides comprehensive literature analysis, DDSs identified as smart devices in view of their high degree of complexity in terms of design, working mechanism, materials employed and manufacturing steps were discussed making use of graphic tools.
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9
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Recent trends in design and evaluation of chitosan-based colon targeted drug delivery systems: Update 2020. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Oggianu M, Mameli V, Monni N, Ashoka Sahadevan S, Sanna Angotzi M, Cannas C, Mercuri ML. Nanoscaled Metal-Organic Frameworks: Challenges Towards Biomedical Applications. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:2922-2929. [PMID: 33653459 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Achieving metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the form of nanoparticles (NanoMOFs) represents a recent challenge due to the possibility to combine the intrinsic porosity of these materials with the nanometric dimension, a fundamental requirement for strategic biomedical applications. In this outlook we envision the current/future opportunities of the NanoMOFs in the field of biomedicine, with particular emphasis on (i) biocompatible MOFs composition; (ii) MOFs miniaturization and (iii) nanoMOFs applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Oggianu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 -Bivio per Sestu -I09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Valentina Mameli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 -Bivio per Sestu -I09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Noemi Monni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 -Bivio per Sestu -I09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Suchithra Ashoka Sahadevan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 -Bivio per Sestu -I09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Marco Sanna Angotzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 -Bivio per Sestu -I09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Carla Cannas
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 -Bivio per Sestu -I09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Maria Laura Mercuri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 -Bivio per Sestu -I09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
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Izgelov D, Freidman M, Hoffman A. Investigation of cannabidiol gastro retentive tablets based on regional absorption of cannabinoids in rats. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 152:229-235. [PMID: 32422168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cannabis plant has been widely researched for many therapeutic indications and found to be effective in many chronic conditions such as epilepsy, neuropathic or chronic pain and more. However, biased opinion against compounds of the plant, regulatory as well as compounding challenges have led to very few approved cannabinoid medicinal products. Those formulations which are approved are dosed several times a day, creating an unmet need for controlled release (CR) formulations of cannabinoids. Conventional CR formulations rely on prolonged absorption of the drug, including absorption from the colon. The purpose of this work is to investigate regional absorption of major cannabinoids THC and CBD from the colon and develop a suitable CR formulation. As hypothesized by researchers, THC and CBD have poor absorption from the colon compared to small intestine, suggesting that these compounds have a narrow absorption window. The suggested CR formulation examined in-vitro was a floating gastro retentive tablet based on egg albumin matrix, gas generating agents and surfactants. In-vivo investigation of CBD containing formulation in the freely moving rat model proved a prolonged absorption phase with a substantial increase in bioavailability compared to CBD solution. The findings of this paper answer a crucial question regarding potential application of CR dosage forms for cannabinoids and shed light on the regional intestinal absorption of these compounds. Ultimately, these results cement the way for future development of cannabinoid gastro retentive dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dvora Izgelov
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Michael Freidman
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Amnon Hoffman
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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12
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Izgelov D, Regev A, Domb AJ, Hoffman A. Using the Absorption Cocktail Approach to Assess Differential Absorption Kinetics of Cannabidiol Administered in Lipid-Based Vehicles in Rats. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1979-1986. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dvora Izgelov
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Aviva Regev
- PureForm Global Inc., 5700 Melrose Ave #208, Los Angeles, California 90038, United States
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Amnon Hoffman
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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13
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Hua S. Advances in Oral Drug Delivery for Regional Targeting in the Gastrointestinal Tract - Influence of Physiological, Pathophysiological and Pharmaceutical Factors. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:524. [PMID: 32425781 PMCID: PMC7212533 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral route is by far the most common route of drug administration in the gastrointestinal tract and can be used for both systemic drug delivery and for treating local gastrointestinal diseases. It is the most preferred route by patients, due to its advantages, such as ease of use, non-invasiveness, and convenience for self-administration. Formulations can also be designed to enhance drug delivery to specific regions in the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract. Despite the clear advantages offered by the oral route, drug delivery can be challenging as the human gastrointestinal tract is complex and displays a number of physiological barriers that affect drug delivery. Among these challenges are poor drug stability, poor drug solubility, and low drug permeability across the mucosal barriers. Attempts to overcome these issues have focused on improved understanding of the physiology of the gastrointestinal tract in both healthy and diseased states. Innovative pharmaceutical approaches have also been explored to improve regional drug targeting in the gastrointestinal tract, including nanoparticulate formulations. This review will discuss the physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmaceutical considerations influencing drug delivery for the oral route of administration, as well as the conventional and novel drug delivery approaches. The translational challenges and development aspects of novel formulations will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hua
- Therapeutic Targeting Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Kotla NG, Rana S, Sivaraman G, Sunnapu O, Vemula PK, Pandit A, Rochev Y. Bioresponsive drug delivery systems in intestinal inflammation: State-of-the-art and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:248-266. [PMID: 29966684 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral colon-specific delivery systems emerged as the main therapeutic cargos by making a significant impact in the field of modern medicine for local drug delivery in intestinal inflammation. The site-specific delivery of therapeutics (aminosalicylates, glucocorticoids, biologics) to the ulcerative mucus tissue can provide prominent advantages in mucosal healing (MH). Attaining gut mucosal healing and anti-fibrosis are main treatment outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pharmaceutical strategies that are commonly used to achieve a colon-specific drug delivery system include time, pH-dependent polymer coating, prodrug, colonic microbiota-activated delivery systems and a combination of these approaches. Amongst the different approaches reported, the use of biodegradable polysaccharide coated systems holds great promise in delivering drugs to the ulcerative regions. The present review focuses on major physiological gastro-intestinal tract challenges involved in altering the pharmacokinetics of delivery systems, pathophysiology of MH and fibrosis, reported drug-polysaccharide cargos and focusing on conventional to advanced disease responsive delivery strategies, highlighting their limitations and future perspectives in intestinal inflammation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan G Kotla
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Shubhasmin Rana
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gandhi Sivaraman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru 560062, India
| | - Omprakash Sunnapu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru 560062, India
| | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru 560062, India
| | - Abhay Pandit
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yury Rochev
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Zhang Y, Zhang XT, Zhang Q, Wang B, Zhang T. Formulation development and evaluation of gastroretentive floating beads with Brucea javanica oil using ionotropic gelation technology. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:293-301. [PMID: 29703329 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a gastric retention floating system for Brucea javanica oil, composed of alginate and carrageenan, was prepared using ionotropic gelation. Parameters for floatability, drug load, encapsulation efficiency, bead morphology, in vitro release, and in vivo gastric retention were evaluated. The optimized formulation via Box-Behnken design consisted of 1.7% alginate (W/V), 1.02% carrageenan (W/V), 1.4% CaCO3 (W/V), and a gelling bath of pH 0.8. The alginate-carrageenan-Brucea javanica oil beads had a porous structure and exhibited up to 24 h of in vitro floatability with a load capacity of 45%-55% and an encapsulation efficiency of 70%-80%. A 6-h sustained release was observed in vitro. The beads had a prolonged gastric retention (> 60% at 6 h) in fasted rats, compared to non-floating beads (15% at 6 h), as measured by gamma scintigraphy with single-photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPET/CT). In conclusion, the alginate-carrageenan-Brucea javanica oil system showed enhanced oil encapsulation efficiency, excellent floating and gastric retention abilities, and a favorable release behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xi-Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Floating tablets of minocycline hydrochloride: Formulation, in-vitro evaluation and optimization. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjps.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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17
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A novel mechanical antrum model for the prediction of the gastroretentive potential of dosage forms. Int J Pharm 2017; 530:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Hidalgo T, Giménez-Marqués M, Bellido E, Avila J, Asensio MC, Salles F, Lozano MV, Guillevic M, Simón-Vázquez R, González-Fernández A, Serre C, Alonso MJ, Horcajada P. Chitosan-coated mesoporous MIL-100(Fe) nanoparticles as improved bio-compatible oral nanocarriers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43099. [PMID: 28256600 PMCID: PMC5335263 DOI: 10.1038/srep43099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanometric biocompatible Metal-Organic Frameworks (nanoMOFs) are promising candidates for drug delivery. Up to now, most studies have targeted the intravenous route, related to pain and severe complications; whereas nanoMOFs for oral administration, a commonly used non-invasive and simpler route, remains however unexplored. We propose here the biofriendly preparation of a suitable oral nanocarrier based on the benchmarked biocompatible mesoporous iron(III) trimesate nanoparticles coated with the bioadhesive polysaccharide chitosan (CS). This method does not hamper the textural/structural properties and the sorption/release abilities of the nanoMOFs upon surface engineering. The interaction between the CS and the nanoparticles has been characterized through a combination of high resolution soft X-ray absorption and computing simulation, while the positive impact of the coating on the colloidal and chemical stability under oral simulated conditions is here demonstrated. Finally, the intestinal barrier bypass capability and biocompatibility of CS-coated nanoMOF have been assessed in vitro, leading to an increased intestinal permeability with respect to the non-coated material, maintaining an optimal biocompatibility. In conclusion, the preservation of the interesting physicochemical features of the CS-coated nanoMOF and their adapted colloidal stability and progressive biodegradation, together with their improved intestinal barrier bypass, make these nanoparticles a promising oral nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Hidalgo
- Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles cedex, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - M. Giménez-Marqués
- Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles cedex, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - E. Bellido
- Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles cedex, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - J. Avila
- Synchrotron SOLEIL & Université Paris-Saclay, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - M. C. Asensio
- Synchrotron SOLEIL & Université Paris-Saclay, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - F. Salles
- ICGM - UMR5253- Equipe AIME, Université Montpellier II, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon - CC 1502, 34095 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - M. V. Lozano
- Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles cedex, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - M. Guillevic
- Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles cedex, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - R. Simón-Vázquez
- Immunology, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO) and Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo (IBIV), Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A. González-Fernández
- Immunology, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO) and Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo (IBIV), Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - C. Serre
- Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles cedex, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - M. J. Alonso
- Nanobiofar. Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P. Horcajada
- Institut Lavoisier, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Av. des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles cedex, University Paris-Saclay, France
- IMDEA Energy, Av. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Giménez-Marqués M, Hidalgo T, Serre C, Horcajada P. Nanostructured metal–organic frameworks and their bio-related applications. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gossmann R, Langer K, Mulac D. New Perspective in the Formulation and Characterization of Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide (DMAB) Stabilized Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127532. [PMID: 26147338 PMCID: PMC4493066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades the establishment of nanoparticles as suitable drug carriers with the transport of drugs across biological barriers such as the gastrointestinal barrier moved into the focus of many research groups. Besides drug transport such carrier systems are well suited for the protection of drugs against enzymatic and chemical degradation. The preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is intensively described in literature, while especially nanoparticles with cationic properties show a promising increased cellular uptake. This is due to the electrostatic interaction between the cationic surface and the negatively charged lipid membrane of the cells. Even though several studies achieved the successful preparation of nanoparticles stabilized with the cationic surfactants such as didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DMAB), in most cases insufficient attention was paid to a precise analytical characterization of the nanoparticle system. The aim of the present work was to overcome this deficit by presenting a new perspective in the formulation and characterization of DMAB-stabilized PLGA nanoparticles. Therefore these nanoparticles were carefully examined with regard to particle diameter, zeta potential, the effect of variation in stabilizer concentration, residual DMAB content, and electrolyte stability. Without any steric stabilization, the DMAB-modified nanoparticles were sensitive to typical electrolyte concentrations of biological environments due to compression of the electrical double layer in conjunction with a decrease in zeta potential. To handle this problem, the present study proposed two modifications to enable electrolyte stability. Both polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified DMAB-PLGA-nanoparticles were stable during electrolyte addition. Furthermore, in contrast to unmodified DMAB-PLGA-nanoparticles and free DMAB, such modifications led to a lower cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cells. In conclusion this study offers a closer and critical point of view on preparation, in vitro and analytical evaluation of DMAB-stabilized PLGA nanoparticles for the physiological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Gossmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Langer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dennis Mulac
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Qi X, Chen H, Rui Y, Yang F, Ma N, Wu Z. Floating tablets for controlled release of ofloxacin via compression coating of hydroxypropyl cellulose combined with effervescent agent. Int J Pharm 2015; 489:210-7. [PMID: 25956047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To prolong the residence time of dosage forms within gastrointestinal trace until all drug released at desired rate was one of the real challenges for oral controlled-release drug delivery system. Herein, we developed a fine floating tablet via compression coating of hydrophilic polymer (hydroxypropyl cellulose) combined with effervescent agent (sodium bicarbonate) to achieve simultaneous control of release rate and location of ofloxacin. Sodium alginate was also added in the coating layer to regulate the drug release rate. The effects of the weight ratio of drug and the viscosity of HPC on the release profile were investigated. The optimized formulations were found to immediately float within 30s and remain lastingly buoyant over a period of 12 h in simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 1.2) without pepsin, indicating a satisfactory floating and zero-order drug release profile. In addition, the oral bioavailability experiment in New Zealand rabbits showed that, the relative bioavailability of the ofloxacin after administrated of floating tablets was 172.19%, compared to marketed common release tablets TaiLiBiTuo(®). These results demonstrated that those controlled-released floating tables would be a promising gastro-retentive delivery system for drugs acting in stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Qi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yao Rui
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Fengjiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhenghong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group, State Key Laboratory for Advanced Formulation Technologies, Taizhou 225300, PR China.
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Mudie DM, Murray K, Hoad CL, Pritchard SE, Garnett MC, Amidon GL, Gowland PA, Spiller RC, Amidon GE, Marciani L. Quantification of gastrointestinal liquid volumes and distribution following a 240 mL dose of water in the fasted state. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3039-47. [PMID: 25115349 DOI: 10.1021/mp500210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The rate and extent of drug dissolution and absorption from solid oral dosage forms is highly dependent upon the volumes and distribution of gastric and small intestinal water. However, little is known about the time courses and distribution of water volumes in vivo in an undisturbed gut. Previous imaging studies offered a snapshot of water distribution in fasted humans and showed that water in the small intestine is distributed in small pockets. This study aimed to quantify the volume and number of water pockets in the upper gut of fasted healthy humans following ingestion of a glass of water (240 mL, as recommended for bioavailability/bioequivalence (BA/BE) studies), using recently validated noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods. Twelve healthy volunteers underwent upper and lower abdominal MRI scans before drinking 240 mL (8 fluid ounces) of water. After ingesting the water, they were scanned at intervals for 2 h. The drink volume, inclusion criteria, and fasting conditions matched the international standards for BA/BE testing in healthy volunteers. The images were processed for gastric and intestinal total water volumes and for the number and volume of separate intestinal water pockets larger than 0.5 mL. The fasted stomach contained 35 ± 7 mL (mean ± SEM) of resting water. Upon drinking, the gastric fluid rose to 242 ± 9 mL. The gastric water volume declined rapidly after that with a half emptying time (T50%) of 13 ± 1 min. The mean gastric volume returned back to baseline 45 min after the drink. The fasted small bowel contained a total volume of 43 ± 14 mL of resting water. Twelve minutes after ingestion of water, small bowel water content rose to a maximum value of 94 ± 24 mL contained within 15 ± 2 pockets of 6 ± 2 mL each. At 45 min, when the glass of water had emptied completely from the stomach, total intestinal water volume was 77 ± 15 mL distributed into 16 ± 3 pockets of 5 ± 1 mL each. MRI provided unprecedented insights into the time course, number, volume, and location of water pockets in the stomach and small intestine under conditions that represent standard BA/BE studies using validated techniques. These data add to our current understanding of gastrointestinal physiology and will help improve physiological relevance of in vitro testing methods and in silico transport analyses for prediction of bioperformance of oral solid dosage forms, particularly for low solubility Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class 2 and Class 4 compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M Mudie
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
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23
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Markowitz JS, Zhu HJ, Patrick KS. Isopropylphenidate: an ester homolog of methylphenidate with sustained and selective dopaminergic activity and reduced drug interaction liability. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2013; 23:648-54. [PMID: 24261661 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2013.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most widely utilized pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH). Most MPH formulations consist of the racemic mixture of d-threo-(R, R)-MPH and l-threo-(S, S)-MPH isomers. MPH is characterized by its low bioavailability and short half-life (2-3 hours). Additionally, significant inter-individual variability in MPH pharmacokinetics has been consistently documented. Accordingly, efforts have been directed at developing alternatives to MPH as therapeutic agents. A wide range of MPH analogues (dl-α-[2-piperidyl]-phenylacetic acid esters) have been synthesized with the dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET) as principle neuropharmacological targets. The present study investigated the metabolic profiles and pharmacological activity of the isopropyl ester derivative of MPH, dl-isopropylphenidate (IPH), both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The synthesis, monoaminergic transporter binding, cellular uptake profiles, and assessment of metabolic hydrolysis and transesterification in the presence of ethanol are described using MPH as a comparator. Additionally, an in vivo assessment of IPH stimulant effects (vs. saline) in rats was performed with locomotor activity as a pharmacodynamic outcome. RESULTS IPH displayed unique pharmacological characteristics including greater DAT than NET binding and cellular uptake activity, and greater resistance to hydrolysis and transesterification via carboxylesterase 1 relative to MPH. Further, sustained psychostimulant properties offer the prospect of an enhanced duration of action. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with IPH exhibiting attributes distinguishing it from MPH and warranting further study and development of IPH as a novel psychotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Markowitz
- 1 Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
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Wolk O, Epstein S, Ioffe-Dahan V, Ben-Shabat S, Dahan A. New targeting strategies in drug therapy of inflammatory bowel disease: mechanistic approaches and opportunities. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1275-86. [PMID: 23721560 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.800480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an exceptional scenario with regard to drug targeting, as oral administration has the potential to deliver the drug directly to the site(s) of action. Consequently, retention of the drug within the intestinal lumen and tissue, rather than systemic absorption, is frequently desirable. AREAS COVERED In this article, the traditional drug-delivery strategies used in IBD are briefly summarized. These include rectal dosage forms and oral systems that target the lower intestine/colon by pH-, time-, microflora-, and pressure-dependent mechanisms. Then, the article offers an updated overview of recently developed delivery systems aimed to achieve maximal drug concentrations in the inflamed intestinal tissues with minimal systemic side effects. These include antibodies, small molecules, Janus kinase inhibitors, particulate carrier systems, anti-inflammatory peptides, gene therapy, and transgenic bacteria. The various approaches are reviewed, and the challenges that still remain to be overcome are discussed. EXPERT OPINION The molecular revolution of the past decade profoundly influenced the treatment and management of IBD. In the coming years, this trend is expected to continue. Yet, many challenges are still ahead. A strong collaborative effort by experts from different fields is encouraged and necessary to maximize our success in IBD drug targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omri Wolk
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Pawar VK, Kansal S, Asthana S, Chourasia MK. Industrial perspective of gastroretentive drug delivery systems: Physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, technological and regulatory consideration. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:551-65. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.677431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Newman A, Knipp G, Zografi G. Assessing the performance of amorphous solid dispersions. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:1355-77. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Pahwa R, Saini N, Kumar V, Kohli K. Chitosan-based gastroretentive floating drug delivery technology: an updated review. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:525-39. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.673581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Prinderre P, Sauzet C, Fuxen C. Advances in gastro retentive drug-delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:1189-203. [PMID: 21671821 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.592828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, various technological improvements have been achieved and new concepts have been developed, in the area of controlled release solid oral dosage forms, especially for products where an extended time of release is associated with an extended gastric retention time. These Gastro Retentive Systems have been quite investigated because they can improve the in-vivo performance of many drugs. AREAS COVERED This paper summarizes current approaches in the research and development of gastro retentive dosage forms from recent literature. Apart from the numerous mechanisms of action involved, a short review of different key parameters is proposed, taking into account the stomach physiology. Most of the current technologies published, patented or marketed are presented. Promising drugs to develop in the near future are mentioned, and the importance of such systems in fixed Dose Combinations is also discussed. The importance of food effect is mentioned, and the impact of the multiple unit systems versus monolithic approach is discussed, especially regarding the dose intake. EXPERT OPINION In conclusion, numerous mechanisms like floating, sinking, effervescence, swelling, bioadhesion, magnetic, etc. have been proposed over the years. While most of the proposed systems show promising dissolution profiles and in-vitro retention, only few of them have also shown success in-vivo. Currently, the polymeric swelling monolithic systems are the most prominent marketed forms. The possibility to combine different mechanisms in order to ensure true gastric retention even in the fasted state should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Prinderre
- Universite de la Mediterranee, School of Pharmacy, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galenique, Marseille Cedex, France.
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Dahan A, Amidon GL, Zimmermann EM. Drug targeting strategies for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a mechanistic update. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 6:543-50. [PMID: 20594127 DOI: 10.1586/eci.10.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents the perfect scenario for drug targeting to the site(s) of action. While existing formulation-based targeting strategies include rectal dosage forms and oral systems that target the colon by pH-, time-, microflora- and pressure-triggered drug release, novel approaches for site-specific delivery in IBD therapy will target the inflamed intestine per se rather than intestinal region. The purpose of this article is to present a mechanistic update on the strategies employed to achieve minimal systemic exposure accompanied by maximal drug levels in the inflamed intestinal tissue. The introduction of biological agents, micro/nanoparticulate carriers including liposomes, transgenic bacteria, and gene therapy opportunities are discussed, as well as the challenges remaining to be achieved in the targeted treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
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Kagan L, Dreifinger T, Mager DE, Hoffman A. Role of P-Glycoprotein in Region-Specific Gastrointestinal Absorption of Talinolol in Rats. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 38:1560-6. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.110.033019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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An innovative floating gastro retentive dosage system: Formulation and in vitro evaluation. Int J Pharm 2009; 378:23-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kagan L, Lavy E, Hoffman A. Effect of mode of administration on guaifenesin pharmacokinetics and expectorant action in the rat model. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2009; 22:260-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2008.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Revised: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kong H, Lee Y, Hong S, Han J, Choi B, Jung Y, Kim YM. Sulfate-conjugated methylprednisolone as a colon-targeted methylprednisolone prodrug with improved therapeutic properties against rat colitis. J Drug Target 2009; 17:450-8. [DOI: 10.1080/10611860902974077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Patrick KS, Straughn AB, Perkins JS, González MA. Evolution of stimulants to treat ADHD: transdermal methylphenidate. Hum Psychopharmacol 2009; 24:1-17. [PMID: 19051222 PMCID: PMC2629554 DOI: 10.1002/hup.992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The following comprehensive review describes the evolution of stimulant drug formulations used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Emphasis is placed on the basic and clinical pharmacology of the dl-methylphenidate (MPH) transdermal system (MTS). METHODS The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic literature pertaining to MPH and amphetamine enantiomers was reviewed in the context of ADHD therapy and MTS as a treatment option. RESULTS MTS incorporates MPH into an adhesive monolithic matrix, using the free base form of the drug to facilitate transdermal absorption. MTS technology minimizes contact dermatitis by eliminating to need for percutaneous penetration enhancers. After a lag time of approximately 2 h, plasma concentrations of the therapeutic d-MPH isomer become detectable, then continuously rise over the course of the recommended 9 h wear time. Concentrations of l-MPH typically attain 40-50% that of d-MPH (vs. 1-2% following oral MPH). Unauthorized MTS removal poses some misuse liability and over 50% of MTS drug content remains in the discarded system. CONCLUSIONS While liquid or chewable MPH formulations overcome potential swallowing difficulties, as do sprinkled once-daily extended-release (ER) MPH products, only MTS addresses swallowing difficulties while also offering a flexible individualized MPH exposure time in a once-daily MPH regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennerly S. Patrick
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Correspondence to: K. S. Patrick, 280 Calhoun St., QF221A, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425−0742, USA. Tel: (843) 792−8429. Fax: (843) 792−1617. E-mail:
| | - Arthur B. Straughn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeb S. Perkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Biopharmaceutical aspects of gastro-retentive dosage forms: the gabapentin paradigm. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(09)50046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Dahan A, West BT, Amidon GL. Segmental-dependent membrane permeability along the intestine following oral drug administration: Evaluation of a triple single-pass intestinal perfusion (TSPIP) approach in the rat. Eur J Pharm Sci 2008; 36:320-9. [PMID: 19028572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2008.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we evaluate a modified approach to the traditional single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) rat model in investigating segmental-dependent permeability along the intestine following oral drug administration. Whereas in the traditional model one single segment of the intestine is perfused, we have simultaneously perfused three individual segments of each rat intestine: proximal jejunum, mid-small intestine and distal ileum, enabling to obtain tripled data from each rat compared to the traditional model. Three drugs, with different permeabilities, were utilized to evaluate the model: metoprolol, propranolol and cimetidine. Data was evaluated in comparison to the traditional method. Metoprolol and propranolol showed similar P(eff) values in the modified model in all segments. Segmental-dependent permeability was obtained for cimetidine, with lower P(eff) in the distal parts. Similar P(eff) values for all drugs were obtained in the traditional method, illustrating that the modified model is as accurate as the traditional, throughout a wide range of permeability characteristics, whether the permeability is constant or segment-dependent along the intestine. Three-fold higher statistical power to detect segmental-dependency was obtained in the modified approach, as each subject serves as his own control. In conclusion, the Triple SPIP model can reduce the number of animals utilized in segmental-dependent permeability research without compromising the quality of the data obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arik Dahan
- University of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1065, USA
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Kim I, Kong H, Lee Y, Hong S, Han J, Jung S, Jung Y, Kim YM. Dexamethasone 21-sulfate improves the therapeutic properties of dexamethasone against experimental rat colitis by specifically delivering the steroid to the large intestine. Pharm Res 2008; 26:415-21. [PMID: 18958401 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9758-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated in vivo-colon targetability and therapeutic properties of DS against experimental rat colitis. METHODS The systemic absorption and colonic delivery of D after oral administration of DS was analyzed by examining the concentration of drugs in the GI tract, plasma, urine and feces. Therapeutic activity of DS was determined using a TNBS-induced rat colitis model. Adrenal suppression by DS administration was evaluated by monitoring the concentration of ACTH and corticosterone in the plasma. RESULTS DS administered orally was delivered efficiently to the large intestine resulting in D accumulation at the target site. In addition, DS was not detectable in the plasma and was detected very low in the urine after DS administration. The fecal and urinary recovery of D (after DS administration) was much greater and less than that after D administration, suggesting that DS should exhibit enhanced therapeutic activity and reduced systemic side effects. Consistent with this notion, DS was more effective than D in healing rat colitis. Moreover, oral administration of either D or DS reduced the plasma corticosterone and ACTH levels from the normal levels, which is significantly greater for D. CONCLUSION DS is a promising colon specific prodrug that improves therapeutic properties of D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inho Kim
- Laboratory of Biomedicinal/Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
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