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Zhang C, Zhao X, Pan X, Zaya G, Lyu B, Li S, Li J, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Chen D. The mother-offspring transfer of chlorothalonil through human breast milk: A multi-city cross-sectional study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 941:173511. [PMID: 38825210 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
4-Hydroxychlorothalonil (4-OH CHT), the main metabolite of chlorothalonil and the most widely used fungicide, has been frequently detected in human samples during monitoring. 4-OH CHT may exhibit higher toxicity and persistence in the environment compared to its prototype. In this study, a total of 540 paired serum and breast milk samples from pregnant women in three provinces in China were monitored for contaminant residues. 4-OH CHT was analyzed in the samples using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography - high-resolution mass spectrometry with a detection limit of 20 ng/L. The study investigated the effects of demographic factors, such as BMI, region of residence, and education level, on the levels of 4-OH CHT residues in serum and breast milk. Among the three provinces, the highest median concentration of 4-OH CHT in serum samples was observed in Hebei (1.04 × 103 ng/L), while the highest median concentration of 4-OH CHT in breast milk samples was observed in Hubei and Guangdong (491 ng/L). Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the significant positive correlation between 4-OH CHT in serum and breast milk (p = 0.000) after adjusting for personal characteristics. Based on this, the study further explored the influencing factors of transfer efficiencies (TEs) in conjunction with the individual TEs and the personal characteristics of the participants. Our results demonstrated that the age of the volunteers and their exercise habits had an effect on TEs, but further studies are needed to determine whether exercise leads to an increase in TEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xingqi Pan
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Gerili Zaya
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bing Lyu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jingguang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China; School of Public Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.
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Mashal MS, Guitton J, Sallet P, Bourguignon L, Machon C. Quantitative analysis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in dried blood spot from mountain ultra-trail runners. Contribution of pharmacokinetic models for the interpretation of the results. Drug Test Anal 2024. [PMID: 39148281 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring of drug use in athletes is of interest both for health and competition-related issues. Considering the advantages of Dried Blood Sampling (low invasiveness, easy sampling, long term storage), we have validated a quantitative LC-MS/HRMS method for the screening of 16 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. For all drugs, accuracy and imprecision were within 15% for the 3 levels of quality control and lower than 20% for the lower limit of quantification. Application was performed from samples obtained for Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc® 2021 and 2022. A focus on ibuprofen and its metabolites (hydroxyibuprofen, carboxyibuprofen, ibuprofen glucuronide and hydroxyibuprofen glucuronide) was made because the results showed that it was the most detected nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Further, an interpretation of the ibuprofen concentrations was proposed either from experimental data obtained after an intake of ibuprofen by 10 control subjects, or from a pharmacokinetic modelling and simulations. Depending on the analytical performances of the method, we proposed possible detection windows for ibuprofen in runners. The pharmacokinetic model made it possible to consider two scenarios with and without modification of the total clearance of ibuprofen linked to a modification of the pharmacokinetics of the drugs due to the practice of a long and intense physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shafiq Mashal
- Biochemistry and Pharmacology-Toxicology Laboratory, Lyon Sud Hospital, University Hospital of Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
- Toxicology Department, Pharmacy Faculty of Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Jérôme Guitton
- Biochemistry and Pharmacology-Toxicology Laboratory, Lyon Sud Hospital, University Hospital of Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
- Pharmacology-Physiology-Toxicology Department, ISPB Pharmacy Faculty of Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Laurent Bourguignon
- Pharmacology-Physiology-Toxicology Department, ISPB Pharmacy Faculty of Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Pharmacy Department, University Hospital of Lyon, GH Nord, Lyon, France
| | - Christelle Machon
- Biochemistry and Pharmacology-Toxicology Laboratory, Lyon Sud Hospital, University Hospital of Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
- Analytical chemistry laboratory, ISPB Pharmacy Faculty of Lyon, University of Lyon, France
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Sarkar C, Wahlang JB, Syiem RP, Langstieh AJ, Das B, Surong M. Assessing the knowledge of medical undergraduates on oral anticoagulation therapy. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1824-1836. [PMID: 38024931 PMCID: PMC10657093 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1727_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Oral anticoagulant drugs, such as warfarin, are widely used for preventing and treating vascular and thromboembolic disease in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation, venous thrombosis, and coronary heart disease. As oral anticoagulant therapy has such a narrow therapeutic range, complications in administering these drugs can prove to have a detrimental effect on patients such as life-threatening bleeding might occur. It is therefore necessary to have an adequate knowledge about its actions and its interactions with other dietary factors or any other medication involved. This study was therefore formulated in order to evaluate the knowledge as well as to impart proper awareness to the medical undergraduate students about oral anticoagulation therapy such as to prevent any untoward situation that may arise from the process. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was used to assess the knowledge on oral anticoagulant therapy among the medical undergraduates of a tertiary care hospital. A pre-validated structured questionnaire consisting of 28 questions was adopted, and a separate questionnaire was used for each student. Timing of answering the questionnaire was set at 30 minutes. Scores were evaluated such as a correct answer was given a score of one and wrong answer awarded as zero. Adequate knowledge sore was set above 70% and inadequate knowledge at less than 40%. Results The response rate was found out to be 67.33% with gender distribution observed to be 71% females and 29% males. From the answers evaluated, overall average score of 67.3 ± 15.9 was obtained indicating that most of the respondents have adequate knowledge about the different mechanism, drug-drug interactions, drug-food interactions, and side effects of anticoagulant therapy, and 100% of the students are well aware about the complications and procedures involved to dissipate information about warfarin therapy. Conclusions Adequate exposure of students to clinical cases will further help them to focus on the importance of anticoagulation and strengthening their knowledge regarding anticoagulant drug therapy. This will influence the process of physician-patient communication for improving anticoagulation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayna Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Julie B. Wahlang
- Department of Pharmacology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Reuben P. Syiem
- Department of Pharmacology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Arky J. Langstieh
- Department of Pharmacology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Biswadeep Das
- Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Melam Surong
- Department of Pharmacology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
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Dry Needling and Antithrombotic Drugs. Pain Res Manag 2022; 2022:1363477. [PMID: 35035647 PMCID: PMC8759918 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1363477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Many clinicians increasingly use dry needling in clinical practice. However, whether patients' intake of antithrombotic drugs should be considered as a contraindication for dry needling has not been investigated to date. As far as we know, there are no publications in analyzing the intake of antiplatelet or anticoagulant agents in the context of dry needling techniques. A thorough analysis of existing medications and how they may impact various needling approaches may contribute to improved evidence-informed clinical practice. The primary purpose of this paper is to review the current knowledge of antithrombotic therapy in the context of dry needling. In addition, reviewing guidelines of other needling approaches, such as electromyography, acupuncture, botulinum toxin infiltration, and neck ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy, may provide specific insights relevant for dry needling. Based on published data, taking antithrombotic medication should not be considered an absolute contraindication for dry needling techniques. As long as specific dry needling and individual risks are properly considered, it does not change the risk and safety profile of dry needling. Under specific circumstances, the use of ultrasound guidance is recommended when available.
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Marchand A, Ménard J, Brochu P, Haddad S. Impact of heat on biological concentrations of toluene and acetone resulting from exposure by inhalation: A pilot study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:103737. [PMID: 34481063 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Climatic conditions raise new concerns about the potential impact of heat on the absorption and kinetics of certain chemicals. The impact of 3 temperatures (21, 25 and 30 °C WBGT) on the toxicokinetics of toluene and acetone was therefore evaluated in five human subjects during controlled exposures in an inhalation chamber. Biological samples were collected and analyzed by GC-MS/MS. Increases between 4 and 85 % were observed for solvents concentrations in blood (30 vs 21 °C) while decreases in urine samples for acetone and o-cresol were measured at the end of the exposure period (4 h). Mean blood concentrations at 4 h are well correlated with temperature. Results suggest an increased absorption and/or a decreased elimination of volatile chemicals in the presence of heat. Higher increases of blood chemical concentrations were observed in heavier individuals. Further studies should include physiologically based toxicokinetic models to help in better understanding the mechanisms involved and their respective contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Marchand
- Centre for Public Health Research (CReSP), 7101 Parc Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3N 1X9, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, ESPUM, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jessie Ménard
- Centre for Public Health Research (CReSP), 7101 Parc Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3N 1X9, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, ESPUM, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Pierre Brochu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, ESPUM, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sami Haddad
- Centre for Public Health Research (CReSP), 7101 Parc Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3N 1X9, Canada; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, ESPUM, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Downtown Branch, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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The Impact of Diet and Exercise on Drug Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147692. [PMID: 34299312 PMCID: PMC8304791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that lifestyle changes can alter several physiological functions in the human body. For exercise and diet, these effects are used sensibly in basic therapies, as in cardiovascular diseases. However, the physiological changes induced by exercise and a modified diet also have the capacity to influence the efficacy and toxicity of several drugs, mainly by affecting different pharmacokinetic mechanisms. This pharmacological plasticity is not clinically relevant in all cases but might play an important role in altering the effects of very common drugs, particularly drugs with a narrow therapeutic window. Therefore, with this review, we provide insights into possible food–drug and exercise–drug interactions to sharpen awareness of the potential occurrence of such effects.
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Takabayashi K, Kitaguchi S, Yamamoto T, Fujita R, Takenaka K, Takenaka H, Okuda M, Nakajima O, Koito H, Terasaki Y, Kitamura T, Nohara R. Association Between Physical Status and the Effects of Combination Therapy With Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors and β-Blockers in Patients With Acute Heart Failure. Circ Rep 2021; 3:217-226. [PMID: 33842727 PMCID: PMC8024019 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-20-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated whether combination therapy (CT) with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and β-blockers improved endpoints in acute heart failure (AHF). Methods and Results: AHF patients were recruited to this prospective multicenter cohort study between April 2015 and August 2017. Patients were divided into 3 categories based on ejection fraction (EF), namely heart failure (HF) with reduced EF (HFrEF), HF with midrange EF (HFmrEF), and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), and a further into 2 groups according to physical status (those who could walk independently outdoors and those who could not). The composite endpoint included all-cause mortality and hospitalization for HF. Data at the 1-year follow-up were available for 1,018 patients. The incidence of the composite endpoint was significantly lower in the CT than non-CT group for HFrEF patients, but not among HFmrEF and HFpEF patients. For patients who could walk independently outdoors, a significantly lower rate of the composite endpoint was recorded only in the HFrEF group. The differences were maintained even after adjustment for comorbidities and prescriptions, with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.39 (0.20-0.76) and 0.48 (0.22-0.99), respectively. Conclusions: In this study, CT was associated with the prevention of adverse outcomes in patients with HFrEF. Moreover, CT prevented adverse events only among patients without a physical disorder, not among those with a physical disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ryoko Fujita
- Department of Cardiology, Hirakata Kohsai Hospital Osaka Japan
| | - Kotoe Takenaka
- Department of Cardiology, Hirakata Kohsai Hospital Osaka Japan
| | | | - Miyuki Okuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Hospital Osaka Japan
| | - Osamu Nakajima
- Department of Cardiology, Hirakata City Hospital Osaka Japan
| | - Hitoshi Koito
- Department of Cardiology, Otokoyama Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Yuka Terasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Arisawa General Hospital Osaka Japan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Ryuji Nohara
- Department of Cardiology, Hirakata Kohsai Hospital Osaka Japan
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Hernandez AR, Banerjee A, Carter CS, Buford TW. Angiotensin (1-7) Expressing Probiotic as a Potential Treatment for Dementia. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:629164. [PMID: 34901930 PMCID: PMC8663799 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.629164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing life expectancies are unfortunately accompanied by increased prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Regrettably, there are no current therapeutic options capable of preventing or treating AD. We review here data indicating that AD is accompanied by gut dysbiosis and impaired renin angiotensin system (RAS) function. Therefore, we propose the potential utility of an intervention targeting both the gut microbiome and RAS as both are heavily involved in proper CNS function. One potential approach which our group is currently exploring is the use of genetically-modified probiotics (GMPs) to deliver therapeutic compounds. In this review, we specifically highlight the potential utility of utilizing a GMP to deliver Angiotensin (1-7), a beneficial component of the renin-angiotensin system with relevant functions in circulation as well as locally in the gut and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbi R. Hernandez
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Anisha Banerjee
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christy S. Carter
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Nathan Shock Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Thomas W. Buford
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Nathan Shock Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Fudin J, Wegrzyn EL, Greuber E, Vought K, Patel K, Nalamachu S. A Randomized, Crossover, Pharmacokinetic and Adhesion Performance Study of a Lidocaine Topical System 1.8% During Physical Activity and Heat Treatment in Healthy Subjects. J Pain Res 2020; 13:1359-1367. [PMID: 32606902 PMCID: PMC7293912 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s238268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study compares the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, adhesion, and safety of lidocaine topical system 1.8%, a novel lidocaine topical system approved to treat postherpetic neuralgia, under conditions of heat and exercise vs normal conditions. Materials and Methods This open-label, 3-period, 3-treatment crossover study randomized 12 healthy adults to receive three lidocaine topical systems 1.8% during each of three treatment periods, with 7-day washouts between treatments. The product was applied to the mid-lower back and was removed after 12 hours. During Treatment A, subjects exercised on a bicycle for 30 minutes at 0, 2.5, 5.5, and 8.5 hours. During Treatment B, heat (temperature set at 36.7-40.3°C) was applied at 0 and 8.5 hours. Treatment C was normal conditions. The PK profile of each subject under exercise and heat conditions was compared to normal conditions. Skin irritation, adhesion, and adverse events were assessed. Results Twelve subjects completed the study. Exposure to external heat resulted in increased peak plasma concentration of lidocaine with a mean Cmax of 160.3±100.1 ng/mL vs 97.6±36.9 ng/mL under normal conditions, with no effect on the extent of exposure (AUC). Concentrations returned to normal within 4 hours after the heat was removed. No clinically relevant differences in absorption were observed under exercise conditions with a mean Cmax of 90.5±25.4 ng/mL and no effect on the extent (AUC) of lidocaine exposure was observed relative to normal conditions. No systems detached during the study. Adverse events were mild, with none leading to discontinuation. Conclusion Transient heat exposure resulted in increased lidocaine plasma concentrations compared to normal conditions, whereas exercise had no effect. The effects of heat appear to be immediate, reversible, and below systemic therapeutic threshold in antiarrhythmic treatment (1000-1500 ng/mL), and well below the safe systemic threshold of 5000 ng/mL. Lidocaine topical system 1.8% remained adhered to the skin and was well tolerated under all conditions. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04150536.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fudin
- Samuel Stratton Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA.,Albany College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA.,Western New England University College of Pharmacy, Springfield, MA, USA.,Remitigate, LLC, Delmar, NY, USA
| | - Erica L Wegrzyn
- Samuel Stratton Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA.,Albany College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA.,Western New England University College of Pharmacy, Springfield, MA, USA
| | | | - Kip Vought
- Scilex Pharmaceuticals Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA
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Bunprajun T, Yuajit C, Noitem R, Chatsudthipong V. Exhaustive exercise decreases renal organic anion transporter 3 function. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:245-251. [PMID: 30284192 PMCID: PMC10717284 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-0641-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of various types of exercise on organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) function, a major transporter that plays a role in the secretion of a variety of drugs and endogenous compounds. Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to non-exercise, exhaustive, acute and training exercise groups. The function of Oat3 was assessed by the uptake of [3H]-estrone sulfate ([3H]-ES) into rat renal cortical slices. Acute and training exercises had no effect on [3H]-ES uptake whereas a marked reduction in [3H]-ES uptake occurred immediately after exhaustive exercise. However, the reduction in Oat3 function was gradually recovered at 6 and 24 h after the exercise session. Importantly, the impairment of Oat3 function was associated with a decrease in renal Oat3 protein expression. Our results indicate that exhaustive exercise produces a significant impact on renal organic anion transport function, which in turn could alter the plasma level of drugs and compounds in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipwadee Bunprajun
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Phathom, Thailand
| | - Chaowalit Yuajit
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Rattikarn Noitem
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Varanuj Chatsudthipong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Abstract
Exercise frequently is prescribed therapeutically, either on its own or combined with drugs. A drug's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion can be affected by the user's anatomy and physiology, which are both changed by the myriad of complex adaptations to acute and chronic exercise. This article reviews the research that suggests exercise may influence a drug's plasma concentration, and thus its efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie McLaughlin
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Marchand A, Haddad S. Simultaneous exposures to heat and chemicals and the impact on toxicokinetics and biomonitoring. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant agent with a narrow therapeutic index. There is a marked inter- and intra-patient variability in warfarin dose requirement. All factors influencing warfarin response are not known and this study aims to evaluate if regular physical activity (RPA) is a determining factor. RPA level was collected with the Stanford Brief Activity Survey in 1064 incident warfarin users, as part of the Quebec Warfarin Cohort (QWC), and with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire in 618 patients from the Montreal Heart Institute (MHI) Biobank. Linear regression was performed to model relationship of warfarin dose after 3 months of therapy in the QWC with RPA, while controlling for height, weight, age, CYP2C9 (*2 and *3 alleles) and VKORC1 (*2 allele) genotype. Warfarin dose of prevalent users was modeled in the MHI Biobank for replication. A higher level of physical activity was associated with higher doses of warfarin in both cohorts. In the QWC, physical activity could explain 5.4 % (P < 0.001) and 0.9 % (P = 3.23 × 10−5) of variance in dose, in univariate and multivariable models, respectively. Similarly, RPA was found to be associated with 1.7 % (P = 0.0012) and 0.5 % (P = 0.0391) of inter-individual variability in warfarin dose requirement before and after adjustment for other covariables, respectively. RPA is associated with higher warfarin dose requirement. The relevance of clinical recommendations on RPA to maintain a steady response to warfarin should be assessed in further studies.
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Bamman MM, Wick TM, Carmona-Moran CA, Bridges SL. Exercise Medicine for Osteoarthritis: Research Strategies to Maximize Effectiveness. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2016; 68:288-91. [PMID: 26239196 DOI: 10.1002/acr.22680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcas M Bamman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for Exercise Medicine and Comprehensive Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, Bone, and Autoimmunity Center, and Birmingham VA Medical Center
| | - Timothy M Wick
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for Exercise Medicine, BioMatrix Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Center, and Comprehensive Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, Bone, and Autoimmunity Center, Birmingham
| | | | - S Louis Bridges
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for Exercise Medicine, BioMatrix Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Center, and Comprehensive Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, Bone, and Autoimmunity Center, Birmingham
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Zurth C, Schuett B, Casjens M, Ludwig M, Waellnitz K. Pharmacokinetics and adhesion of a transdermal patch containing ethinyl estradiol and gestodene under conditions of heat, humidity, and exercise: A single-center, open-label, randomized, crossover study. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2016; 4:245-55. [PMID: 27136904 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this open-label, randomized study, 36 women (18-45 years) applied an ethinyl estradiol/gestodene contraceptive patch once-weekly for 3 weeks followed by a 1-week, patch-free interval, in 3 treatment periods. The primary objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ethinyl estradiol and gestodene under conditions of heat, humidity, and exercise. The secondary objective was to evaluate patch adhesion under the same conditions. Weeks 1 and 2 of each period comprised "standardized normal activity" (SNA); in week 3, SNA continued or women used a sauna, whirlpool, swimming pool, or performed an exercise combination. Thirty-one women completed the study; 23 yielded evaluable pharmacokinetic data. Analyses were exploratory and conducted using an analysis of variance. Area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 168 hours (AUC0-168 ) for gestodene and ethinyl estradiol during sauna, swimming, and whirlpool was equivalent to previous SNA recordings. For exercise combination, the gestodene AUC0-168 was 12% lower compared with SNA, albeit not considered clinically relevant. Two women lost a total of 3 patches during sporting activities; other detachments during this week were not correlated with sporting activity. Overall, hormone delivery using the ethinyl estradiol/gestodene patch under conditions of heat, humidity, and exercise corresponded to delivery under normal conditions.
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Abstract
Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition with numerous health risks, and the incidence of hypertension is greatest among older adults. Traditional discussions of hypertension have largely focused on the risks for cardiovascular disease and associated events. However, there are a number of collateral effects, including risks for dementia, physical disability, and falls/fractures which are increasingly garnering attention in the hypertension literature. Several key mechanisms--including inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction--are common to biologic aging and hypertension development and appear to have key mechanistic roles in the development of the cardiovascular and collateral risks of late-life hypertension. The objective of the present review is to highlight the multi-dimensional risks of hypertension among older adults and discuss potential strategies for treatment and future areas of research for improving overall care for older adults with hypertension.
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Abstract
The beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) are well documented, yet the mechanisms by which PA prevents disease and improves health outcomes are poorly understood. To identify major gaps in knowledge and potential strategies for catalyzing progress in the field, the NIH convened a workshop in late October 2014 entitled "Understanding the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Physical Activity-Induced Health Benefits." Presentations and discussions emphasized the challenges imposed by the integrative and intermittent nature of PA, the tremendous discovery potential of applying "-omics" technologies to understand interorgan crosstalk and biological networking systems during PA, and the need to establish an infrastructure of clinical trial sites with sufficient expertise to incorporate mechanistic outcome measures into adequately sized human PA trials. Identification of the mechanisms that underlie the link between PA and improved health holds extraordinary promise for discovery of novel therapeutic targets and development of personalized exercise medicine.
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Shendre A, Beasley TM, Brown TM, Hill CE, Arnett DK, Limdi NA. Influence of regular physical activity on warfarin dose and risk of hemorrhagic complications. Pharmacotherapy 2015; 34:545-54. [PMID: 25032265 DOI: 10.1002/phar.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of regular physical activity on stable warfarin dose and risk of major hemorrhage in patients on chronic anticoagulation therapy. DESIGN Regular physical activity (maintained over > 80% of visits) was ascertained by self-report at initiation of warfarin therapy (target international normalized ratio [INR] = 2-3) in 1272 patients, with changes documented at monthly anticoagulation clinic visits in a population-based prospective cohort. Multi-variable linear regression and survival analysis, respectively, were used to assess influence on warfarin and risk of hemorrhage. SETTING Outpatient anticoagulation clinic PARTICIPANTS 1272 anticoagulated patients MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS There were 683 (53.7%) patients who were regularly physically active (≥ 30 min ≥ 3 times/week). Physically active patients required warfarin doses that were 6.9% higher (p=0.006) than in physically inactive patients after controlling for sociodemographic factors, vitamin K intake, clinical factors, and genetic variations.The overall incidence of major hemorrhagic events was 7.6/100 person-years (p-yrs, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.4-8.9) in our population. The incidence was lower for physically active patients (5.6/100 p-yrs, 95% CI 4.2-7.2) than in inactive patients (10.3/100 p-yrs, 95% CI 8.2-12.9, p=0.0004). Active patients had a 38% lower risk of hemorrhage (hazard ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.98, p=0.03) compared with inactive patients. CONCLUSIONS Regular physical activity is associated with higher warfarin dose requirements and lower risk of hemorrhage. The influence of physical activity on drug response needs to be further explored, and the mechanisms through which it exerts these effects need to be elucidated
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Carré F. Médicaments cardiovasculaires et performance physique. Sci Sports 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bamman MM, Cooper DM, Booth FW, Chin ER, Neufer PD, Trappe S, Lightfoot JT, Kraus WE, Joyner MJ. Exercise biology and medicine: innovative research to improve global health. Mayo Clin Proc 2014; 89:148-53. [PMID: 24485128 PMCID: PMC3972063 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcas M Bamman
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine and Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
| | - Dan M Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine
| | - Frank W Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, and Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia
| | - Eva R Chin
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park
| | - P Darrell Neufer
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Physiology, and Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN
| | - J Timothy Lightfoot
- Sydney and J. L. Huffines Institute for Sports Medicine and Human Performance, Texas A&M University, College Station
| | - William E Kraus
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Michael J Joyner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN
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Adverse drug reaction and concepts of drug safety in Ayurveda: An overview. J Young Pharm 2013; 5:116-20. [PMID: 24563588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jyp.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug safety is a very basic and fundamental concept in medical practice. ADRs play an important role in assessing patient safety in any system of medicine. Pharmacovigilance study is thus significant to understand treatment outcomes. Current raised issue with respect to complementary and alternative system medicine (CAM) like Ayurveda is increased in number of safety reports along with report misinterpretation; this generates the negative impact on system. Although, Ayurveda which is holistic system of medicine from India has elaborated the causes and methods of drug-induced consequences along with preventive measures the available data in classical texts is scattered. The compilation and analysis along with modern concept drug safety is need of the hour. Present literature review was conducted from various compendium of Ayurveda and electronic data base with search terms of 'Vyapad', 'Viruddha', 'Ahita', 'herb-herb interaction', 'idiosyncrasy', 'Prakritiviruddha' etc. The reported information was analysed for the possible correlation on concept of ADR and Pharmacovigilance of current science. Overall review demonstrated that drug interaction, iatrogenic, over dose, administration of unsuitable drugs, reprehensive drug administration with respect to disease, complication from five procedural therapies (Panchakarma) and reprehensible preparation of mineral drug are nearer to the modern causes of ADR. Thus, concept of drug safety and ADR is not new to the Ayurveda. The concept "Drug which is not appropriate to be used as medicine"(Abheshaja) of Ayurveda sounds similar as that of modern pharmacovigilance.
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