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Huynh NT, Ho TNT, Pham YND, Dang LH, Pham SH, Dang TT. Immunosuppressive Cyclotides: A Promising Approach for Treating Autoimmune Diseases. Protein J 2024; 43:159-170. [PMID: 38485875 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-024-10188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The immune system maintains constant surveillance to prevent the infiltration of both endogenous and exogenous threats into host organisms. The process is regulated by effector immune cells that combat external pathogens and regulatory immune cells that inhibit excessive internal body inflammation, ultimately establishing a state of homeostasis within the body. Disruption to this process could lead to autoimmunity, which is often associated with the malfunction of both T cells and B cells with T cells playing a more major role. A number of therapeutic mediators for autoimmune diseases are available, from conventional disease-modifying drugs to biologic agents and small molecule inhibitors. Recently, ribosomally synthesized peptides, specifically cyclotides from plants are currently attracting more attention as potential autoimmune disease therapeutics due to their decreased toxicity compared to small molecules inhibitors as well as their remarkable stability against a number of factors. This review provides a concise overview of various cyclotides exhibiting immunomodulatory properties and their potential as therapeutic interventions for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thai Huynh
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thao N T Ho
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1B TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yen N D Pham
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1B TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Hang Dang
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1B TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Son H Pham
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1B TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tien T Dang
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1B TL29, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam.
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2
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Philippe GJB, Huang YH, Mittermeier A, Brown CJ, Kaas Q, Ramlan SR, Wang CK, Lane D, Loewer A, Troeira Henriques S, Craik DJ. Delivery to, and Reactivation of, the p53 Pathway in Cancer Cells Using a Grafted Cyclotide Conjugated with a Cell-Penetrating Peptide. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1197-1208. [PMID: 38174919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Peptides are promising drug modalities that can modulate protein-protein interactions, but their application is hampered by their limited ability to reach intracellular targets. Here, we improved the cytosolic delivery of a peptide blocking p53:MDM2/X interactions using a cyclotide as a stabilizing scaffold. We applied several design strategies to improve intracellular delivery and found that the conjugation of the lead cyclotide to the cyclic cell-penetrating peptide cR10 was the most effective. Conjugation allowed cell internalization at micromolar concentration and led to elevated intracellular p53 levels in A549, MCF7, and MCF10A cells, as well as inducing apoptosis in A549 cells without causing membrane disruption. The lead peptide had >35-fold improvement in inhibitory activity and increased cellular uptake compared to a previously reported cyclotide p53 activator. In summary, we demonstrated the delivery of a large polar cyclic peptide in the cytosol and confirmed its ability to modulate intracellular protein-protein interactions involved in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Jean-Baptiste Philippe
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Anna Mittermeier
- Department of Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christopher J Brown
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Siti Radhiah Ramlan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Conan K Wang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David Lane
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Alexander Loewer
- Department of Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sónia Troeira Henriques
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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3
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Jaiswal MK, Tiwari VK. Growing Impact of Intramolecular Click Chemistry in Organic Synthesis. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300167. [PMID: 37522634 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Click Chemistry, a modular, rapid, and one of the most reliable tool for the regioselective 1,2,3-triazole forming [3+2] reaction of organic azide and terimal alkyne is widely explored in various emerging domains of research ranging from chemical biology to catalysis and medicinal chemistry to material science. This regioselective reaction from a diverse range of azido-alkyne scaffolds has been well performed in both intermolecular as well as intramolecular fashions. In comparison to the intermolecular metal (Cu/Ru/Ni) variant of 'Click Chemistry', the intramolecular click tool is little addressed. The intramolecular click chemistry is exemplified as a mordern tool of cyclization which involves metal-catalyzed (CuAAC/RuAAC) cyclization, organo-catalyzed cyclization, and thermal-induced topochemical reaction. Thus, we report herein the recent approaches on intramolecular azide-alkyne cycloaddition 'Click Chemistry' with their wide-spread emerging applications in the developement of a diverse range of molecules including fused-heterocycles, well-defined peptidomemics, and macrocyclic architectures of various notable features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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4
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Eriksson C, Gunasekera S, Muhammad T, Zhang M, Laurén I, Mangsbo SM, Lord M, Göransson U. Epitopes Displayed in a Cyclic Peptide Scaffold Bind SARS-COV-2 Antibodies. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300103. [PMID: 37021633 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 is a global health issue. The spread of the virus has resulted in seven million deaths to date. The emergence of new viral strains highlights the importance of continuous surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by using timely and accurate diagnostic tools. Here, we used a stable cyclic peptide scaffolds to present antigenic sequences derived from the spike protein that are reactive to SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Using peptide sequences from different domains of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, we grafted epitopes on the peptide scaffold sunflower trypsin inhibitor 1 (SFTI-1). These scaffold peptides were then used to develop an ELISA to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum. We show that displaying epitopes on the scaffold improves reactivity overall. One of the scaffold peptides (S2_1146-1161_c) has reactivity equal to that of commercial assays, and shows diagnostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Eriksson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, Box 591, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sunithi Gunasekera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, Box 591, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Taj Muhammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, Box 591, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mingshu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, Box 591, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ida Laurén
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara M Mangsbo
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Lord
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Göransson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University Biomedical Centre, Box 591, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Melander E, Eriksson C, Wellens S, Hosseini K, Fredriksson R, Gosselet F, Culot M, Göransson U, Hammarlund-Udenaes M, Loryan I. Differential Blood-Brain Barrier Transport and Cell Uptake of Cyclic Peptides In Vivo and In Vitro. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051507. [PMID: 37242750 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses major challenges to drug delivery to the CNS. SFTI-1 and kalata B1 are cyclic cell-penetrating peptides (cCPPs) with high potential to be used as scaffolds for drug delivery. We here studied their transport across the BBB and distribution within the brain to gauge the potential of these two cCPPs as scaffolds for CNS drugs. In a rat model, SFTI-1 exhibited, for a peptide, high extent of BBB transport with a partitioning of unbound SFTI-1 across the BBB, Kp,uu,brain, of 13%, while only 0.5% of kalata B1 equilibrated across the BBB. By contrast, kalata B1, but not SFTI-1, readily entered neural cells. SFTI-1, but not kalata B1, could be a potential CNS delivery scaffold for drugs directed to extracellular targets. These findings indicate that differences between the BBB transport and cellular uptake abilities of CPPs are crucial in the development of peptide scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Melander
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Camilla Eriksson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Wellens
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des Sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz SP18, F-62300 Lens, France
| | - Kimia Hosseini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert Fredriksson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des Sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz SP18, F-62300 Lens, France
| | - Maxime Culot
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Faculté des Sciences Jean Perrin, University of Artois, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz SP18, F-62300 Lens, France
| | - Ulf Göransson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Irena Loryan
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Jackson MA, Xie J, Nguyen LTT, Wang X, Yap K, Harvey PJ, Gilding EK, Craik DJ. Plant-based production of an orally active cyclotide for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:121-133. [PMID: 36930229 PMCID: PMC10102037 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating disease that requires prolonged treatment with often severe side effects. One experimental MS therapeutic currently under development is a single amino acid mutant of a plant peptide termed kalata B1, of the cyclotide family. Like all cyclotides, the therapeutic candidate [T20K]kB1 is highly stable as it contains a cyclic backbone that is cross-linked by three disulfide bonds in a knot-like structure. This stability is much sought after for peptide drugs, which despite exquisite selectivity for their targets, are prone to rapid degradation in human serum. In preliminary investigations, it was found that [T20K]kB1 retains oral activity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model of MS in mice, thus opening up opportunities for oral dosing of the peptide. Although [T20K]kB1 can be synthetically produced, a recombinant production system provides advantages, specifically for reduced scale-up costs and reductions in chemical waste. In this study, we demonstrate the capacity of the Australian native Nicotiana benthamiana plant to produce a structurally identical [T20K]kB1 to that of the synthetic peptide. By optimizing the co-expressed cyclizing enzyme, precursor peptide arrangements, and transgene regulatory regions, we demonstrate a [T20K]kB1 yield in crude peptide extracts of ~ 0.3 mg/g dry mass) in whole plants and close to 1.0 mg/g dry mass in isolated infiltrated leaves. With large-scale plant production facilities coming on-line across the world, the sustainable and cost-effective production of cyclotide-based therapeutics is now within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Jackson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jing Xie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Linh T T Nguyen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kuok Yap
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Peta J Harvey
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Edward K Gilding
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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7
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Ożga K, Berlicki Ł. Miniprotein-Based Artificial Retroaldolase. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ożga
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Berlicki
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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8
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Aslam L, Kaur R, Hussain S, Kapoor N, Mahajan R. LC-MS/MS identification and structural characterization of isolated cyclotides from precursor sequences of Viola odorata L. petiole tissue using computational approach. J Biosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Bell HJ, Malins LR. Peptide macrocyclisation via late-stage reductive amination. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6250-6256. [PMID: 35621075 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00782g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-component reductive amination approach to the synthesis of peptide macrocycles is reported which leverages the inherent reactivity of proteinogenic amine nucleophiles. Unprotected peptides bearing α-amine and side chain amine motifs undergo two-fold reductive amination reactions with 2,6-pyridinedialdehyde linkers in aqueous media to afford macrocyclic peptide products with backbone embedded pyridine motifs. Dialdehyde staples bearing valuable azide and alkyne handles also enable the post-cyclisation modification of peptides using copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden J Bell
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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10
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Kremsmayr T, Aljnabi A, Blanco-Canosa JB, Tran HNT, Emidio NB, Muttenthaler M. On the Utility of Chemical Strategies to Improve Peptide Gut Stability. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6191-6206. [PMID: 35420805 PMCID: PMC9059125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Inherent susceptibility
of peptides to enzymatic degradation in
the gastrointestinal tract is a key bottleneck in oral peptide drug
development. Here, we present a systematic analysis of (i) the gut
stability of disulfide-rich peptide scaffolds, orally administered
peptide therapeutics, and well-known neuropeptides and (ii) medicinal
chemistry strategies to improve peptide gut stability. Among a broad
range of studied peptides, cyclotides were the only scaffold class
to resist gastrointestinal degradation, even when grafted with non-native
sequences. Backbone cyclization, a frequently applied strategy, failed
to improve stability in intestinal fluid, but several site-specific
alterations proved efficient. This work furthermore highlights the
importance of standardized gut stability test conditions and suggests
defined protocols to facilitate cross-study comparison. Together,
our results provide a comparative overview and framework for the chemical
engineering of gut-stable peptides, which should be valuable for the
development of orally administered peptide therapeutics and molecular
probes targeting receptors within the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kremsmayr
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Aws Aljnabi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Juan B Blanco-Canosa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Hue N T Tran
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nayara Braga Emidio
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna 1090, Austria.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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11
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Dahal A, Parajuli P, Singh SS, Shrestha L, Sonju JJ, Shrestha P, Chatzistamou I, Jois S. Targeting protein–protein interaction for immunomodulation: A sunflower trypsin inhibitor analog peptidomimetic suppresses RA progression in CIA model. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 149:124-138. [PMID: 35641025 PMCID: PMC9208026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein–protein interactions (PPI) of co-stimulatory molecules CD2-CD58 are important in the early stage of an immune response, and increased expression of these co-stimulatory molecules is observed in the synovial region of joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A CD2 epitope region that binds to CD58 was grafted on to sunflower trypsin inhibitor (SFTI) template structure to inhibit CD2-CD58 PPI. The peptide was incorporated with an organic moiety dibenzofuran (DBF) in its structure. The designed peptidomimetic was studied for its ability to inhibit CD2-CD58 interactions in vitro, and its thermal and enzymatic stability was evaluated. Stability studies indicated that the grafted peptidomimetic was stable against trypsin cleavage. In vivo studies using the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in mice indicated that the peptidomimetic was able to slow down the progress of arthritis, an autoimmune disease in the mice model. These studies suggest that with the grafting of organic functional groups in the stable peptide template SFTI stabilizes the peptide structure, and these peptides can be used as a template to design stable peptides for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achyut Dahal
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe LA, 71201, USA
| | - Pravin Parajuli
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe LA, 71201, USA
| | - Sitanshu S Singh
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe LA, 71201, USA
| | - Leeza Shrestha
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe LA, 71201, USA
| | - Jafrin Jobayer Sonju
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe LA, 71201, USA
| | - Prajesh Shrestha
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe LA, 71201, USA
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology (PMI), School of Medicine, USC, SC 6439 Garners Ferry Rd, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Seetharama Jois
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe LA, 71201, USA.
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12
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Singh SS, Mattheolabakis G, Gu X, Withers S, Dahal A, Jois S. A grafted peptidomimetic for EGFR heterodimerization inhibition: Implications in NSCLC models. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113312. [PMID: 33667849 PMCID: PMC8044046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the lung cancers, approximately 85% are histologically classified as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) are known to play a crucial role in lung cancer. HER2 overexpression is detected by immunohistochemistry in 2.4%-38% of NSCLC samples. EGFRs have been targeted with three generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and drug resistance has become a major issue; HER2 dimerization with EGFR also plays a major role in the development of resistance to TKI therapy. We have designed grafted peptides to bind to the HER2 extracellular domain (ECD) and inhibit protein-protein interactions of EGFR:HER2 and HER2:HER3. A sunflower trypsin inhibitor (SFTI-1) template was used to graft a peptidomimetic compound. Among several grafted peptides, SFTI-G5 exhibited antiproliferative activity in HER2-positive NSCLC cell lines such as Calu-3 cells with an IC50 value of 0.073 μM. SFTI-G5 was shown to bind to ECD of HER2 and inhibit EGFR:HER2 and HER2:HER3 dimerization and inhibit the phosphorylation of HER2 and downstream signaling proteins. As a proof-of-concept, the in vivo activity of SFTI-G5 was evaluated in two NSCLC mouse models. SFTI-G5 was able to inhibit tumor growth in both models. Furthermore, SFTI-G5 was shown to inhibit EGFR dimerization in tissue samples obtained from in vivo models. These grafted peptides can be used as novel dual inhibitors of EGFR dimerization in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitanshu S Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA
| | - George Mattheolabakis
- School of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Sita Withers
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Achyut Dahal
- School of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA
| | - Seetharama Jois
- School of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA.
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Sagaya Jansi R, Khusro A, Agastian P, Alfarhan A, Al-Dhabi NA, Arasu MV, Rajagopal R, Barcelo D, Al-Tamimi A. Emerging paradigms of viral diseases and paramount role of natural resources as antiviral agents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 759:143539. [PMID: 33234268 PMCID: PMC7833357 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the current scenario, the increasing prevalence of diverse microbial infections as well as emergence and re-emergence of viral epidemics with high morbidity and mortality rates are major public health threat. Despite the persistent production of antiviral drugs and vaccines in the global market, viruses still remain as one of the leading causes of deadly human diseases. Effective control of viral diseases, particularly Zika virus disease, Nipah virus disease, Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Coronavirus disease, Herpes simplex virus infection, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and Ebola virus disease remain promising goal amidst the mutating viral strains. Current trends in the development of antiviral drugs focus solely on testing novel drugs or repurposing drugs against potential targets of the viruses. Compared to synthetic drugs, medicines from natural resources offer less side-effect to humans and are often cost-effective in the productivity approaches. This review intends not only to emphasize on the major viral disease outbreaks in the past few decades and but also explores the potentialities of natural substances as antiviral traits to combat viral pathogens. Here, we spotlighted a comprehensive overview of antiviral components present in varied natural sources, including plants, fungi, and microorganisms in order to identify potent antiviral agents for developing alternative therapy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sagaya Jansi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Stella Maris College, Chennai, India
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai, India
| | - Paul Agastian
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai, India.
| | - Ahmed Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajakrishnan Rajagopal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Damia Barcelo
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Water and Soil Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, JORDI GIRONA 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amal Al-Tamimi
- Ecology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Dahiya R, Dahiya S. Natural bioeffective cyclooligopeptides from plant seeds of Annona genus. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113221. [PMID: 33540356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The Annona L. is one of the most significant genus of the Annonaceae family due to its widespread medicinal properties. This genus has a variety of active metabolites, including alkaloids, isoquinolines, peptides, acetogenins, lectins, volatile oils etc. Due to the constitution of cyclopeptides with an expanded spectrum of distinctive bioproperties, this genus is predominantly preferred over other species. The cytotoxicity, vasorelaxant activity, anti-inflammatory and other properties exhibited by cyclooligopeptides from seeds of Annona genus plants make these metabolites attractive leads for the drug discovery process. The present review covers the structural characteristics, structure activity relationship, synthesis strategies, pharmacological properties of plant seeds-originated bioactive peptides from Annona genus, which may be vital for the development of novel therapeutics based on peptide skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Dahiya
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies.
| | - Sunita Dahiya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, 00936, USA.
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15
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Sasikumar PG, Ramachandra M. Peptide and peptide-inspired checkpoint inhibitors: Protein fragments to cancer immunotherapy. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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16
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Ogbole OO, Ndabai NC, Akinleye TE, Attah AF. Evaluation of peptide-rich root extracts of Calliandria portoriscensis (Jacq.) Benth (Mimosaceae) for in vitro antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:30. [PMID: 32020886 PMCID: PMC7076830 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2836-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several Host defence peptides (HDPs) are low molecular weight (< 50 amino acids residues) peptides detected in several ethnomedicinal plants and have particularly gained research interest in recent times. Due to their wide range of bioactivity, occurrence, abundance and ability to induce very little resistance, they hold promising potentials in drug development. This study investigated the presence of bioactive peptides in the roots of Calliandra portoricensis (CPr) (Mimosaceae) and evaluated its antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. METHODS The crude peptide extract was obtained and pre-purified on pre-loaded tube of RP-C18 solid phase cartridges (strata giga tube C18-E; 5 g, 20 mL, Phenomenex, Germany). Peptide enriched fraction was chemically analysed for arginine-rich/aromatic amino acid-rich peptides using a modified G-250 analytical stain and ninhydrin on thin layer chromatography (TLC) for a preliminary screening. Furthermore, MALDI TOF/TOF peptidomics was used to detect the presence and masses of the peptides. Extracts from CPr were used to test the ability to inhibit microbial growth using p-INT (Para-iodonitrotetrazolium violet) dye, with 0.1% gentamycin as positive control. The concentration that inhibits the growth of microorganisms by 50% (IC50) were determined. Toxicity of the two extracts was accessed using freshly hatched nauplii of Artemia salina. Data analysis were evaluated using Microsoft excel and GraphPad Prism5. RESULTS Low molecular weight (LMW) peptides were detected in CPr using TLC and MALDI-TOF MS. Generally, the extracts exhibited good inhibition (70-95%) against the gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, except MRSA6 typed strain. Enhanced activity was observed in the pre-purified peptide fraction than in the methanol crude, except on MRSA6. The greatest antimicrobial inhibition by pre-purified peptide fraction was against MRSA22 (IC50 = 0.69 ± 0.33 μg/mL). The crude methanol extract (LC50 = 5.13 μg/mL) was slightly more toxic than the peptide extract (LC50 = 6.12 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on detection of bioactive LMW peptides in Mimosaceae family. These peptides appear to be rich in arginine and aromatic amino acids. The peptide extract, in its pre-purified form showed a lower Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and an enhanced antimicrobial activity against the tested gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omonike O Ogbole
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Nkiruka C Ndabai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Toluwanimi E Akinleye
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Alfred F Attah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
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Abstract
This Review explores the class of plant-derived macrocyclic peptides called cyclotides. We include an account of their discovery, characterization, and distribution in the plant kingdom as well as a detailed analysis of their sequences and structures, biosynthesis and chemical synthesis, biological functions, and applications. These macrocyclic peptides are around 30 amino acids in size and are characterized by their head-to-tail cyclic backbone and cystine knot motif, which render them to be exceptionally stable, with resistance to thermal or enzymatic degradation. Routes to their chemical synthesis have been developed over the past two decades, and this capability has facilitated a wide range of mutagenesis and structure-activity relationship studies. In turn, these studies have both led to an increased understanding of their mechanisms of action as well as facilitated a range of applications in agriculture and medicine, as ecofriendly crop protection agents, and as drug leads or scaffolds for pharmaceutical design. Our overall objective in this Review is to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of cyclotides that we hope will stimulate further work on this fascinating family of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J de Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Meng-Wei Kan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Queensland 4072 , Australia
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18
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Reporting a Transcript from Iranian Viola Tricolor, Which May Encode a Novel Cyclotide-Like Precursor: Molecular and in silico Studies. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 84:107168. [PMID: 31791808 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.107168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cyclotides are the largest known family of cyclic proteins, which are found in several plant families including Violaceae. They are circular bioactive peptides consisting of 28-37 amino acids, which possess a cyclic cystine knot (CCK) motif and could be useful in biotechnology and drug design as scaffolds for peptide-based drugs. This study describes our finding of a potentially novel gene transcript from the petals of the Iranian Viola tricolor (V. tricolor) flowers. This study is based on the cDNA screening method employed for isolation of cyclotide precursor genes and in silico analysis. Our study resulted in the finding of a novel cyclotide-like precursor from V. tricolor, which is documented in the NCBI by GenBank accession number: KP065812. The in silico analysis revealed that there are lots of similar sequences in many other plant families and they all exhibit some different features from previously discovered cyclotide precursors. The differences occur particularly in the main cyclotide domain that exists without the usual CCK structure. All of these hypothetical precursors have a conserved ER-signal sequence, a Cysteine (C)-rich sequence forming two zinc finger motifs and a cyclotide-like region containing several conserved elements including two highly conserved C residues. In conclusion, using the cDNA screening method we found a potentially new cyclotide-like precursor gene and in silico studies revealed its significant characteristics that may open up a new research line on the distribution and evolution of cyclotides.
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19
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Deplazes E, Chin YKY, King GF, Mancera RL. The unusual conformation of cross-strand disulfide bonds is critical to the stability of β-hairpin peptides. Proteins 2019; 88:485-502. [PMID: 31589791 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The cross-strand disulfides (CSDs) found in β-hairpin antimicrobial peptides (β-AMPs) show a unique disulfide geometry that is characterized by unusual torsion angles and a short Cα-Cα distance. While the sequence and disulfide bond connectivity of disulfide-rich peptides is well studied, much less is known about the disulfide geometry found in CSDs and their role in the stability of β-AMPs. To address this, we solved the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of the β-AMP gomesin (Gm) at 278, 298, and 310 K, examined the disulfide bond geometry of over 800 disulfide-rich peptides, and carried out extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the peptides Gm and protegrin. The NMR data suggests Cα-Cα distances characteristic for CSDs are independent of temperature. Analysis of disulfide-rich peptides from the Protein Data Bank revealed that right-handed and left-handed rotamers are equally likely in CSDs. The previously reported preference for right-handed rotamers was likely biased by restricting the analysis to peptides and proteins solved using X-ray crystallography. Furthermore, data from MD simulations showed that the short Cα-Cα distance is critical for the stability of these peptides. The unique disulfide geometry of CSDs poses a challenge to biomolecular force fields and to retain the stability of β-hairpin fold over long simulation times, restraints on the torsion angles might be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Deplazes
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yanni K-Y Chin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ricardo L Mancera
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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20
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Oguis GK, Gilding EK, Jackson MA, Craik DJ. Butterfly Pea ( Clitoria ternatea), a Cyclotide-Bearing Plant With Applications in Agriculture and Medicine. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:645. [PMID: 31191573 PMCID: PMC6546959 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The perennial leguminous herb Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea) has attracted significant interest based on its agricultural and medical applications, which range from use as a fodder and nitrogen fixing crop, to applications in food coloring and cosmetics, traditional medicine and as a source of an eco-friendly insecticide. In this article we provide a broad multidisciplinary review that includes descriptions of the physical appearance, distribution, taxonomy, habitat, growth and propagation, phytochemical composition and applications of this plant. Notable amongst its repertoire of chemical components are anthocyanins which give C. ternatea flowers their characteristic blue color, and cyclotides, ultra-stable macrocyclic peptides that are present in all tissues of this plant. The latter are potent insecticidal molecules and are implicated as the bioactive agents in a plant extract used commercially as an insecticide. We include a description of the genetic origin of these peptides, which interestingly involve the co-option of an ancestral albumin gene to produce the cyclotide precursor protein. The biosynthesis step in which the cyclic peptide backbone is formed involves an asparaginyl endopeptidase, of which in C. ternatea is known as butelase-1. This enzyme is highly efficient in peptide ligation and has been the focus of many recent studies on peptide ligation and cyclization for biotechnological applications. The article concludes with some suggestions for future studies on this plant, including the need to explore possible synergies between the various peptidic and non-peptidic phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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21
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Silva ON, Pinto MF, Viana JF, Freitas CG, Fensterseifer IC, Craik DJ, Franco OL. Evaluation of the in vitro Antitumor Activity of Nanostructured Cyclotides in Polymers of Eudragit® L 100-55 and RS 30 D. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180801115526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and given the limitations
of many current cancer drugs, there is great need to discover and develop novel treatments. An
alternative to the conventional drug discovery path is to exploit new classes of natural compounds
such as cyclotides. This peptide family is characterized by linked C- and N-termini and a structural
fold called the cyclic cystine knot (CCK). The CCK fold is responsible for the exceptional enzymatic,
chemical and thermal stability of cyclotides.
Methods:
In the present study, an alternative to traditional cancer treatments, involving new nanomaterials
and nanocarriers allowing efficient cyclotide delivery, is proposed. Using the polymers
Eudragit® L 100-55 and RS 30 D, the cyclotides kalata B2 and parigidin-br1 (PBR1) were nanocapsulated,
and nanoparticles 91 nm and 188 nm in diameter, respectively, were produced.
Results:
An encapsulation rate of up to 95% was observed. In vitro bioassays showed that the
nanostructured cyclotides were partially able to control the development of the colorectal adenocarcinoma
cell line CACO2 and the breast cancer cell line MCF-7.
Conclusion:
Data reported herein indicate that nanoformulated cyclotides exhibit antitumor activity
and sustained drug release. Thus, the system using Eudragit® nanocapsules seems to be efficient for
cyclotide encapsulation and probably could be used to target specific tumors in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmar N. Silva
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-graduacao em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Michelle F.S. Pinto
- Faculdade Anhanguera de Ciencias e Tecnologia de Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Camila G. Freitas
- Centro de Analises Proteomicas e Bioquimicas. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Genomicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Catolica de Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Isabel C.M. Fensterseifer
- Centro de Analises Proteomicas e Bioquimicas. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Genomicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Catolica de Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Octavio L. Franco
- Centro de Analises Proteomicas e Bioquimicas. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Genomicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Catolica de Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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22
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Optimised Extraction of Trypsin Inhibitors from Defatted Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) Seeds for Production of a Trypsin Inhibitor‐Enriched Freeze Dried Powder. SEPARATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/separations6010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The seeds of the Gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng, are rich in trypsin inhibitors (TIs) but their optimal extraction and the effects of freeze drying are not established. This study aims to (1) compare aqueous solvents (DI water, 0.1 M NaCl, 0.02 M NaOH and ACN)/water/FA, 25:24:1) for extracting TIs from defatted Gac seed kernel powder, (2) to optimise the extraction in terms of solvent, time and material to solvent ratio and (3) to produce a TI-enriched freeze-dried powder (FD-TIP) with good characteristics. Based on the specific TI activity (TIA), the optimal extraction was 1 h using a ratio of 2.0 g of defatted powder in 30 mL of 0.05 M NaCl. The optimisation improved the TIA and specific TIA by 8% and 13%, respectively. The FD-TIP had a high specific TIA (1.57 ± 0.17 mg trypsin/mg protein), although it also contained saponins (43.6 ± 2.3 mg AE/g) and phenolics (10.5 ± 0.3 mg GAE/g). The FD-TIP was likely stable during storage due to its very low moisture content (0.43 ± 0.08%) and water activity (0.18 ± 0.07) and its ability to be easily reconstituted in water due to its high solubility index (92.4 ± 1.5%). Therefore, the optimal conditions for the extraction of TIs from defatted Gac seed kernel powder followed by freeze drying gave a high quality powder in terms of its highly specific TIA and physical properties.
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Tajimi T, Wakui N, Yanagisawa K, Yoshikawa Y, Ohue M, Akiyama Y. Computational prediction of plasma protein binding of cyclic peptides from small molecule experimental data using sparse modeling techniques. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19:527. [PMID: 30598072 PMCID: PMC6311893 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-018-2529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclic peptide-based drug discovery is attracting increasing interest owing to its potential to avoid target protein depletion. In drug discovery, it is important to maintain the biostability of a drug within the proper range. Plasma protein binding (PPB) is the most important index of biostability, and developing a computational method to predict PPB of drug candidate compounds contributes to the acceleration of drug discovery research. PPB prediction of small molecule drug compounds using machine learning has been conducted thus far; however, no study has investigated cyclic peptides because experimental information of cyclic peptides is scarce. RESULTS First, we adopted sparse modeling and small molecule information to construct a PPB prediction model for cyclic peptides. As cyclic peptide data are limited, applying multidimensional nonlinear models involves concerns regarding overfitting. However, models constructed by sparse modeling can avoid overfitting, offering high generalization performance and interpretability. More than 1000 PPB data of small molecules are available, and we used them to construct a prediction models with two enumeration methods: enumerating lasso solutions (ELS) and forward beam search (FBS). The accuracies of the prediction models constructed by ELS and FBS were equal to or better than those of conventional non-linear models (MAE = 0.167-0.174) on cross-validation of a small molecule compound dataset. Moreover, we showed that the prediction accuracies for cyclic peptides were close to those for small molecule compounds (MAE = 0.194-0.288). Such high accuracy could not be obtained by a simple method of learning from cyclic peptide data directly by lasso regression (MAE = 0.286-0.671) or ridge regression (MAE = 0.244-0.354). CONCLUSION In this study, we proposed a machine learning techniques that uses low-dimensional sparse modeling to predict the PPB value of cyclic peptides computationally. The low-dimensional sparse model not only exhibits excellent generalization performance but also improves interpretation of the prediction model. This can provide common an noteworthy knowledge for future cyclic peptide drug discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tajimi
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W8-76 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Naoki Wakui
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W8-76 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.,Middle Molecule IT-based Drug Discovery Laboratory (MIDL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, RGBT2-A-1C 3-25-10 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki city, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yanagisawa
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W8-76 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshikawa
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W8-76 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.,Middle Molecule IT-based Drug Discovery Laboratory (MIDL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, RGBT2-A-1C 3-25-10 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki city, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Masahito Ohue
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W8-76 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.,Middle Molecule IT-based Drug Discovery Laboratory (MIDL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, RGBT2-A-1C 3-25-10 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki city, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yutaka Akiyama
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 W8-76 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan. .,Middle Molecule IT-based Drug Discovery Laboratory (MIDL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, RGBT2-A-1C 3-25-10 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki city, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan. .,Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery (molprof), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan.
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24
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Richard M, Ariztia J, Lamandé-Langle S, Pellegrini Moïse N. Sugar γ-Amino Acids as Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Cyclic Neoglycopeptides. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julen Ariztia
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM; F-5400 Nancy France
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25
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26
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Abstract
Modification of metal surfaces with antimicrobial peptides is a promising approach to reduce bacterial adhesion. Here, cyclic peptides or cycloids, possessing remarkable stability and antimicrobial activities, were extracted and purified from Viola philippica Cav., and identified using mass spectrometry. Cyclotides were subsequently utilized to modify stainless steel surfaces via polydopamine-mediated coupling. The resulting cyclotide-modified surfaces were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and contact angle analysis. The antibacterial capacity of these cyclotides against Staphylococcus aureus was assessed by Alamar blue assay. The antibiofilm capacity of the modified surfaces was assessed by crystal violet assay, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A composite of Kalata b1, Varv A, Viba 15 and Viba 17 (P1); Varv E (P2); and Viphi G (P3) were isolated and identified. FTIR analysis of the modified surfaces demonstrated that cyclotides bound to the surfaces and induced reduction of contact angles. Antimicrobial effects showed an order P3 > P1 and P2, with P3-treated surfaces demonstrating the strongest antibiofilm capacity. SEM confirmed reduced biofilm formation for P3-treated surfaces. This study provides novel evidence for cyclotides as a new class for development of antibacterial and antibiofilm agents.
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27
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Zhang RY, Thapa P, Espiritu MJ, Menon V, Bingham JP. From nature to creation: Going around in circles, the art of peptide cyclization. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1135-1150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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28
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Uddin SJ, Muhammad T, Shafiullah M, Slazak B, Rouf R, Göransson U. Single-step purification of cyclotides using affinity chromatography. Biopolymers 2018; 108. [PMID: 28009046 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cyclotides are considered promising scaffolds for drug development owing to their inherent host defence activities and highly stable structure, defined by the cyclic cystine knot. These proteins are expressed as complex mixtures in plants. Although several methods have been developed for their isolation and analysis, purification of cyclotides is still a lengthy process. Here, we describe the use of affinity chromatography for the purification of cyclotides using polyclonal IgG antibodies raised in rabbits against cycloviolacin O2 and immobilized on NHS-activated Sepharose columns. Cycloviolacin O2 was used as a model substance to evaluate the chromatographic principle, first as a pure compound and then in combination with other cyclotides, that is, bracelet cyclotide cycloviolacin O19 and Möbius cyclotide kalata B1, and in a plant extract. We demonstrate that single-step purification of cyclotides by affinity chromatography is possible but cross reactivity may occur between homologue cyclotides of the bracelet subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaikh Jamal Uddin
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 574, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden.,Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Taj Muhammad
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 574, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden
| | - Md Shafiullah
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 574, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden
| | - Blazej Slazak
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Science, Cracow, 31-512, Poland
| | - Razina Rouf
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Ulf Göransson
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Box 574, Uppsala, SE, 75123, Sweden
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29
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Hellinger R, Thell K, Vasileva M, Muhammad T, Gunasekera S, Kümmel D, Göransson U, Becker CW, Gruber CW. Chemical Proteomics for Target Discovery of Head-to-Tail Cyclized Mini-Proteins. Front Chem 2017; 5:73. [PMID: 29075625 PMCID: PMC5641551 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Target deconvolution is one of the most challenging tasks in drug discovery, but a key step in drug development. In contrast to small molecules, there is a lack of validated and robust methodologies for target elucidation of peptides. In particular, it is difficult to apply these methods to cyclic and cysteine-stabilized peptides since they exhibit reduced amenability to chemical modification and affinity capture; however, such ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide natural products are rich sources of promising drug candidates. For example, plant-derived circular peptides called cyclotides have recently attracted much attention due to their immunosuppressive effects and oral activity in the treatment of multiple sclerosis in mice, but their molecular target has hitherto not been reported. In this study, a chemical proteomics approach using photo-affinity crosslinking was developed to determine a target for the circular peptide [T20K]kalata B1. Using this prototypic nature-derived peptide enabled the identification of a possible functional modulation of 14-3-3 proteins. This biochemical interaction was validated via competition pull down assays as well as a cellular reporter assay indicating an effect on 14-3-3-dependent transcriptional activity. As proof of concept, the presented approach may be applicable for target elucidation of various cyclic peptides and mini-proteins, in particular cyclotides, which represent a promising class of molecules in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Hellinger
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kathrin Thell
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mina Vasileva
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Taj Muhammad
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sunithi Gunasekera
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Kümmel
- School of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ulf Göransson
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian W Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian W Gruber
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
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30
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Marshall GR, Ballante F. Limiting Assumptions in the Design of Peptidomimetics. Drug Dev Res 2017; 78:245-267. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garland R. Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Flavio Ballante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
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31
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Cyclotides as drug design scaffolds. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 38:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Peptides, Peptidomimetics, and Polypeptides from Marine Sources: A Wealth of Natural Sources for Pharmaceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15040124. [PMID: 28441741 PMCID: PMC5408270 DOI: 10.3390/md15040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature provides a variety of peptides that are expressed in most living species. Evolutionary pressure and natural selection have created and optimized these peptides to bind to receptors with high affinity. Hence, natural resources provide an abundant chemical space to be explored in peptide-based drug discovery. Marine peptides can be extracted by simple solvent extraction techniques. The advancement of analytical techniques has made it possible to obtain pure peptides from natural resources. Extracted peptides have been evaluated as possible therapeutic agents for a wide range of diseases, including antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic and anticancer activity as well as cardiovascular and neurotoxin activity. Although marine resources provide thousands of possible peptides, only a few peptides derived from marine sources have reached the pharmaceutical market. This review focuses on some of the peptides derived from marine sources in the past ten years and gives a brief review of those that are currently in clinical trials or on the market.
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33
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Qi X, Xiong S. Intein-mediated backbone cyclization of VP1 protein enhanced protection of CVB3-induced viral myocarditis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41485. [PMID: 28148910 PMCID: PMC5288654 DOI: 10.1038/srep41485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
CVB3 is a common human pathogen to be highly lethal to newborns and causes viral myocarditis and pancreatitis in adults. However, there is no vaccine available for clinical use. CVB3 capsid protein VP1 is an immunodominant structural protein, containing several B- and T-cell epitopes. However, immunization of mice with VP1 protein is ineffective. Cyclization of peptide is commonly used to improve their in vivo stability and biological activity. Here, we designed and synthesizd cyclic VP1 protein by using engineered split Rma DnaB intein and the cyclization efficiency was 100% in E. coli. As a result, the cyclic VP1 was significantly more stable against irreversible aggregation upon heating and against carboxypeptidase in vitro and the degradation rate was more slowly in vivo. Compared with linear VP1, immunization mice with circular VP1 significantly increased CVB3-specific serum IgG level and augmented CVB3-specific cellular immune responses, consequently afforded better protection against CVB3-induced viral myocarditis. The cyclic VP1 may be a novel candidate protein vaccine for preventing CVB3 infection and similar approaches could be employed to a variety of protein vaccines to enhance their protection effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Sidong Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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34
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Molesini B, Treggiari D, Dalbeni A, Minuz P, Pandolfini T. Plant cystine-knot peptides: pharmacological perspectives. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 83:63-70. [PMID: 26987851 PMCID: PMC5338163 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystine-knot miniproteins are a class of 30-50 amino acid long peptides widespread in eukaryotic organisms. Due to their very peculiar three-dimensional structure, they exhibit high resistance to heat and peptidase attack. The cystine-knot peptides are well represented in several plant species including medicinal herbs and crops. The pharmacological interest in plant cystine-knot peptides derives from their broad biological activities, mainly cytotoxic, antimicrobial and peptidase inhibitory and in the possibility to engineer them to incorporate pharmacophoric information for oral delivery or disease biomonitoring. The mechanisms of action of plant cystine-knot peptides are still largely unknown, although the capacity to interfere with plasma membranes seems a feature common to several cystine-knot peptides. In some cases, such as potato carboxypetidase inhibitor (PCI) and tomato cystine-knot miniproteins (TCMPs), the cystine-knot peptides target human growth factor receptors either by acting as growth factor antagonist or by altering their signal transduction pathway. The possibility to identify specific molecular targets of plant cystine-knot peptides in human cells opens novel possibilities for the pharmacological use of these peptides besides their use as scaffold to develop stable disease molecular markers and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davide Treggiari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal MedicineUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Andrea Dalbeni
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal MedicineUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal MedicineUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
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35
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Johansson JR, Beke-Somfai T, Said Stålsmeden A, Kann N. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:14726-14768. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan R. Johansson
- Cardiovascular
and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development
Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, SE-43183 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Research
Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok
krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Said Stålsmeden
- Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nina Kann
- Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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36
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37
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Centipedes are one of the oldest and most successful lineages of venomous terrestrial predators. Despite their use for centuries in traditional medicine, centipede venoms remain poorly studied. However, recent work indicates that centipede venoms are highly complex chemical arsenals that are rich in disulfide-constrained peptides that have novel pharmacology and three-dimensional structure. Areas covered: This review summarizes what is currently known about centipede venom proteins, with a focus on disulfide-rich peptides that have novel or unexpected pharmacology that might be useful from a therapeutic perspective. The authors also highlight the remarkable diversity of constrained three-dimensional peptide scaffolds present in these venoms that might be useful for bioengineering of drug leads. Expert opinion: Like most arthropod predators, centipede venoms are rich in peptides that target neuronal ion channels and receptors, but it is also becoming increasingly apparent that many of these peptides have novel or unexpected pharmacological properties with potential applications in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eivind A B Undheim
- a Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Australia.,b Centre for Advanced Imaging , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Australia
| | - Ronald A Jenner
- c Department of Life Sciences , Natural History Museum , London , UK
| | - Glenn F King
- a Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Australia
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38
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Sable R, Durek T, Taneja V, Craik DJ, Pallerla S, Gauthier T, Jois S. Constrained Cyclic Peptides as Immunomodulatory Inhibitors of the CD2:CD58 Protein-Protein Interaction. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:2366-74. [PMID: 27337048 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between the cell-cell adhesion proteins CD2 and CD58 plays a crucial role in lymphocyte recruitment to inflammatory sites, and inhibitors of this interaction have potential as immunomodulatory drugs in autoimmune diseases. Peptides from the CD2 adhesion domain were designed to inhibit CD2:CD58 interactions. To improve the stability of the peptides, β-sheet epitopes from the CD2 region implicated in CD58 recognition were grafted into the cyclic peptide frameworks of sunflower trypsin inhibitor and rhesus theta defensin. The designed multicyclic peptides were evaluated for their ability to modulate cell-cell interactions in three different cell adhesion assays, with one candidate, SFTI-a, showing potent activity in the nanomolar range (IC50: 51 nM). This peptide also suppresses the immune responses in T cells obtained from mice that exhibit the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. SFTI-a was resistant to thermal denaturation, as judged by circular dichroism spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and had a half-life of ∼24 h in human serum. Binding of this peptide to CD58 was predicted by molecular docking studies and experimentally confirmed by surface plasmon resonance experiments. Our results suggest that cyclic peptides from natural sources are promising scaffolds for modulating protein-protein interactions that are typically difficult to target with small-molecule compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushikesh Sable
- Basic
Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
| | - Thomas Durek
- The
University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Veena Taneja
- Department
of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - David J. Craik
- The
University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Sandeep Pallerla
- Basic
Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
| | - Ted Gauthier
- LSU-Ag
Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Seetharama Jois
- Basic
Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
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39
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Meissner GO, de Resende Lara PT, Scott LPB, Braz ASK, Chaves-Moreira D, Matsubara FH, Soares EM, Trevisan-Silva D, Gremski LH, Veiga SS, Chaim OM. Molecular cloning and in silico characterization of knottin peptide, U2-SCRTX-Lit2, from brown spider (Loxosceles intermedia) venom glands. J Mol Model 2016; 22:196. [PMID: 27488102 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitor cystine knots (ICKs) are a family of structural peptides with a large number of cysteine residues that form intramolecular disulfide bonds, resulting in a knot. These peptides are involved in a variety of biological functions including predation and defense, and are found in various species, such as spiders, scorpions, sea anemones, and plants. The Loxosceles intermedia venom gland transcriptome identified five groups of ICK peptides that represent more than 50 % of toxin-coding transcripts. Here, we describe the molecular cloning of U2-Sicaritoxin-Lit2 (U2-SCRTX-Lit2), bioinformatic characterization, structure prediction, and molecular dynamic analysis. The sequence of U2-SCRTX-Lit2 obtained from the transcriptome is similar to that of μ-Hexatoxin-Mg2, a peptide that inhibits the insect Nav channel. Bioinformatic analysis of sequences classified as ICK family members also showed a conservation of cysteine residues among ICKs from different spiders, with the three dimensional molecular model of U2-SCRTX-Lit2 similar in structure to the hexatoxin from μ-hexatoxin-Mg2a. Molecular docking experiments showed the interaction of U2-SCRTX-Lit2 to its predictable target-the Spodoptera litura voltage-gated sodium channel (SlNaVSC). After 200 ns of molecular dynamic simulation, the final structure of the complex showed stability in agreement with the experimental data. The above analysis corroborates the existence of a peptide toxin with insecticidal activity from a novel ICK family in L. intermedia venom and demonstrates that this peptide targets Nav channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Otto Meissner
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Pedro Túlio de Resende Lara
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Paulo Barbour Scott
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Sérgio Kimus Braz
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele Chaves-Moreira
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernando Hitomi Matsubara
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Mendonça Soares
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Dilza Trevisan-Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luiza Helena Gremski
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Silvio Sanches Veiga
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Olga Meiri Chaim
- Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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40
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Weidmann J, Craik DJ. Discovery, structure, function, and applications of cyclotides: circular proteins from plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:4801-12. [PMID: 27222514 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclotides are plant-derived cyclic peptides that have a head-to-tail cyclic backbone and three conserved disulphide bonds that form a cyclic cystine knot motif. They occur in plants from the Violaceae, Rubiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, and Solanaceae families, typically with 10-100 cyclotides in a given plant species, in a wide range of tissues, including flowers, leaves, stems, and roots. Some cyclotides are expressed in large amounts (up to 1g kg(-1) wet plant weight) and their natural function appears to be to protect plants from pests or pathogens. This article provides a brief overview of their discovery, distribution in plants, and applications. In particular, their exceptional stability has led to their use as peptide-based scaffolds in drug design applications. They also have potential as natural 'ecofriendly' insecticides, and as protein engineering frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Weidmann
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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41
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Swedberg JE, Mahatmanto T, Abdul Ghani H, de Veer SJ, Schroeder CI, Harris JM, Craik DJ. Substrate-Guided Design of Selective FXIIa Inhibitors Based on the Plant-Derived Momordica cochinchinensis Trypsin Inhibitor-II (MCoTI-II) Scaffold. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7287-92. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joakim E. Swedberg
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tunjung Mahatmanto
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hafiza Abdul Ghani
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Simon J. de Veer
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Christina I. Schroeder
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Harris
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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42
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Wu X, Huang Y, Kaas Q, Craik DJ. Cyclisation of Disulfide‐Rich Conotoxins in Drug Design Applications. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosa Wu
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of Queensland306 Carmody Road (Building 80)4072BrisbaneAustralia
| | - Yen‐Hua Huang
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of Queensland306 Carmody Road (Building 80)4072BrisbaneAustralia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of Queensland306 Carmody Road (Building 80)4072BrisbaneAustralia
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of Queensland306 Carmody Road (Building 80)4072BrisbaneAustralia
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43
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de Veer SJ, Ukolova SS, Munro CA, Swedberg JE, Buckle AM, Harris JM. Mechanism-based selection of a potent kallikrein-related peptidase 7 inhibitor from a versatile library based on the sunflower trypsin inhibitor SFTI-1. Biopolymers 2016; 100:510-8. [PMID: 24078181 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Potent and specific enzyme inhibition is a key goal in the development of therapeutic inhibitors targeting proteolytic activity. The backbone-cyclized peptide, Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor (SFTI-1) affords a scaffold that can be engineered to achieve both these aims. SFTI-1's mechanism of inhibition is unusual in that it shows fast-on/slow-off kinetics driven by cleavage and religation of a scissile bond. This phenomenon was used to select a nanomolar inhibitor of kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) from a versatile library of SFTI variants with diversity tailored to exploit distinctive surfaces present in the active site of serine proteases. Inhibitor selection was achieved through the use of size exclusion chromatography to separate protease/inhibitor complexes from unbound inhibitors followed by inhibitor identification according to molecular mass ascertained by mass spectrometry. This approach identified a single dominant inhibitor species with molecular weight of 1562.4 Da, which is consistent with the SFTI variant SFTI-WCTF. Once synthesized individually this inhibitor showed an IC50 of 173.9 ± 7.6 nM against chromogenic substrates and could block protein proteolysis. Molecular modeling analysis suggested that selection of SFTI-WCTF was driven by specific aromatic interactions and stabilized by an enhanced internal hydrogen bonding network. This approach provides a robust and rapid route to inhibitor selection and design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J de Veer
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
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44
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Rosengren KJ, Daly NL, Harvey PJ, Craik DJ. The self-association of the cyclotide kalata B2 in solution is guided by hydrophobic interactions. Biopolymers 2016; 100:453-60. [PMID: 23893463 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The cyclotides are a family of small head-to-tail cyclic plant defense proteins. In addition to their cyclic backbone, cyclotides comprise three disulfide bonds in a knotted arrangement, resulting in a highly cross-braced structure that provides exceptional chemical and proteolytic stability. A number of bioactivities have been associated with cyclotides, including insecticidal, antimicrobial, anti-viral and cytotoxic, and these activities are related to an ability to target and disrupt biological membranes. Kalata B2 and to a lesser extent kalata B1, isolated from Oldenlandia affinis, self-associate to tetramers and octamers in aqueous buffers, and this oligomerization has been suggested to be relevant for their ability to form pores in membranes. Here we demonstrate by solution NMR spectroscopy analysis that the oligomerization of kalata B2 is concentration dependent and that it involves the packing of hydrophobic residues normally exposed on the surface of kalata B2 into a multimeric hydrophobic core. Interestingly, the hydrophobic surface that is "quenched" has previously been shown to be responsible for the ability of kalata B2 to insert into membranes. Thus, it seems unlikely that the oligomers observed in aqueous solution are related to any multimeric state present in a membrane environment, and responsible for the formation of pores. The ability to self-associate might alternatively provide a mechanism for preventing self-toxicity when stored at high concentrations in intracellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Johan Rosengren
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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45
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Poth AG, Chan LY, Craik DJ. Cyclotides as grafting frameworks for protein engineering and drug design applications. Biopolymers 2016; 100:480-91. [PMID: 23893608 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cyclotides are a family of naturally occurring backbone-cyclized macrocyclic mini-proteins from plants that have a knotted trio of intramolecular disulfide bonds. Their structural features imbue cyclotides with extraordinary stability against degradation at elevated temperatures or in the presence of proteolytic enzymes. The plasticity of their intracysteine loop sequences is exemplified by the more than 250 natural cyclotides sequenced to date, and this tolerance to sequence variation, along with their diverse bioactivities, underpins the suitability of the cyclic cystine knot motif as a valuable drug design scaffold and research tool for protein engineering studies. Here, we review the recent literature on applications of cyclotides for the stabilization of peptide epitopes and related protein engineering studies. Possible future directions in this field are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron G Poth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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46
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Gilding EK, Jackson MA, Poth AG, Henriques ST, Prentis PJ, Mahatmanto T, Craik DJ. Gene coevolution and regulation lock cyclic plant defence peptides to their targets. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 210:717-30. [PMID: 26668107 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved many strategies to protect themselves from attack, including peptide toxins that are ribosomally synthesized and thus adaptable directly by genetic polymorphisms. Certain toxins in Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea) are cyclic cystine-knot peptides of c. 30 residues, called cyclotides, which have co-opted the plant's albumin-1 gene family for their production. How butterfly pea albumin-1 genes were commandeered and how these cyclotides are utilized in defence remain unclear. The role of cyclotides in host plant ecology and biotechnological applications requires exploration. We characterized the sequence diversity and expression dynamics of precursor and processing proteins implicated in butterfly pea cyclotide biosynthesis by expression profiling through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Peptide-enriched extracts from various organs were tested for activity against insect-like membranes and the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that the evolution and deployment of cyclotides involved their diversification to exhibit different chemical properties and expression between organs facing different defensive challenges. Cyclotide-enriched fractions from soil-contacting organs were effective at killing nematodes, whereas similar enriched fractions from aerial organs contained cyclotides that exhibited stronger interactions with insect-like membrane lipids. Cyclotides are employed as versatile and combinatorial mediators of defence in C. ternatea and have specialized to affect different classes of attacking organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward K Gilding
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A Jackson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Aaron G Poth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Sónia Troeira Henriques
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Peter J Prentis
- Earth, Environment, and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, 4000, Australia
| | - Tunjung Mahatmanto
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
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Oral activity of a nature-derived cyclic peptide for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:3960-5. [PMID: 27035952 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1519960113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system. It is characterized by auto-reactive T cells that induce demyelination and neuronal degradation. Treatment options are still limited and several MS medications need to be administered by parenteral application but are modestly effective. Oral active drugs such as fingolimod have been weighed down by safety concerns. Consequently, there is a demand for novel, especially orally active therapeutics. Nature offers an abundance of compounds for drug discovery. Recently, the circular plant peptide kalata B1 was shown to silence T-cell proliferation in vitro in an IL-2-dependent mechanism. Owing to this promising effect, we aimed to determine in vivo activity of the cyclotide [T20K]kalata B1 using the MS mouse model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Treatment of mice with the cyclotide resulted in a significant delay and diminished symptoms of EAE by oral administration. Cyclotide application substantially impeded disease progression and did not exhibit adverse effects. Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation and the reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, in particular IL-2, distinguish the cyclotide from other marketed drugs. Considering their stable structural topology and oral activity, cyclotides are candidates as peptide therapeutics for pharmaceutical drug development for treatment of T-cell-mediated disorders.
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48
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Peptide-based inhibitors of protein–protein interactions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:707-713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Li Y, Ducasse R, Zirah S, Blond A, Goulard C, Lescop E, Giraud C, Hartke A, Guittet E, Pernodet JL, Rebuffat S. Characterization of Sviceucin from Streptomyces Provides Insight into Enzyme Exchangeability and Disulfide Bond Formation in Lasso Peptides. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:2641-9. [PMID: 26343290 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lasso peptides are bacterial ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides. They have sparked increasing interest in peptide-based drug development because of their compact, interlocked structure, which offers superior stability and protein-binding capacity. Disulfide bond-containing lasso peptides are rare and exhibit highly sought-after activities. In an effort to expand the repertoire of such molecules, we heterologously expressed, in Streptomyces coelicolor, the gene cluster encoding sviceucin, a type I lasso peptide with two disulfide bridges originating from Streptomyces sviceus, which allowed it to be fully characterized. Sviceucin and its reduced forms were characterized by mass spectrometry and peptidase digestion. The three-dimensional structure of sviceucin was determined using NMR. Sviceucin displayed antimicrobial activity selectively against Gram-positive bacteria and inhibition of fsr quorum sensing in Enterococcus faecalis. This study adds sviceucin to the type I lasso peptide family as a new representative. Moreover, new clusters encoding disulfide-bond containing lasso peptides from Actinobacteria were identified by genome mining. Genetic and functional analyses revealed that the formation of disulfide bonds in sviceucin does not require a pathway-encoded thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase. Most importantly, we demonstrated the functional exchangeability of the sviceucin and microcin J25 (a non-disulfide-bridged lasso peptide) macrolactam synthetases in vitro, highlighting the potential of hybrid lasso synthetases in lasso peptide engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Laboratory Molecules
of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245
CNRS-MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire
Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Ducasse
- Laboratory Molecules
of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245
CNRS-MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire
Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Zirah
- Laboratory Molecules
of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245
CNRS-MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire
Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Alain Blond
- Laboratory Molecules
of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245
CNRS-MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire
Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Goulard
- Laboratory Molecules
of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245
CNRS-MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire
Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Ewen Lescop
- Institut
de Chimie
des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, UPR 2301 CNRS
Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue
de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Caroline Giraud
- Unité de
Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM)-Stress et Virulence (EA 4655),
Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Axel Hartke
- Unité de
Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM)-Stress et Virulence (EA 4655),
Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Eric Guittet
- Institut
de Chimie
des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, UPR 2301 CNRS
Université Paris-Sud, 1 avenue
de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Luc Pernodet
- Institute
for
Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université
Paris-Sud, Bât. 400, Université
Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Sylvie Rebuffat
- Laboratory Molecules
of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245
CNRS-MNHN), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire
Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75005, Paris, France
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50
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Abstract
In the era of biomedicines and engineered carrier systems, cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been established as a promising tool for therapeutic application. Likewise, other therapeutic peptides, successful in vivo application of CPPs will strongly depend on peptide stability, the bottleneck for this type of biodegradable molecules. In this review, the authors describe the current knowledge of the in vivo degradation for known CPPs and the different strategies available to provide a higher resistance to metabolic degradation while preserving cell penetration efficiency. Peptide stability can be improved by different means, either modifying the structure to make it unrecognizable to proteases, or preventing access of proteolytic enzymes by applying conformation restriction or shielding strategies.
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