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Paosupap J, Basit A, Sajomsang W, Nalinbejapun S, Sripetthong S, Ovatlarnporn C. Evaluation of the antifungal properties of nanoliposomes containing rhinacanthin-C isolated from the leaves of Rhinacanthus nasutus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:129. [PMID: 38459287 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03916-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Fungal infections represent a challenging threat to the human health. Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum are pathogenic fungi causing various topical mycoses in humans. The globally emerging issue of resistance to fungi demands the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this context, the application of nanoliposomes as vehicles for carrying active therapeutic agents can be a suitable alternative. In this study, rhinacanthin-C was isolated from Rhinacanthus naustus and encapsulated in nano-liposomal formulations, which were prepared by the modified ethanol injection method. The two best formulations composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), cholesterol (CHL), and tween 80 (T80) in a molar ratio of 1:1:0 (F1) and 1:1:0.5 (F2) were proceeded for experimentation. The physical characteristics and antifungal activities were performed and compared with solutions of rhinacanthin-C. The rhinacanthin-C encapsulating efficiencies in F1 and F2 were 94.69 ± 1.20% and 84.94 ± 1.32%, respectively. The particle sizes were found to be about 221.4 ± 13.76 nm (F1) and 115.8 ± 23.33 nm (F2), and zeta potential values of -38.16 mV (F1) and -40.98 mV (F2). Similarly, the stability studies of rhinacanthin-C in liposomes demonstrated that rhinacanthin-C in both formulations was more stable in mediums with pH of 4.0 and 6.6 than pure rhinacanthin-C when stored at the same conditions. Rhinacanthin-C in F1 was slightly more stable than F2 when stored in mediums with a pH of 10.0 after three months of storage. However, rhinacanthin-C in both formulations was less stable than pure rhinacanthin-C in a basic medium of pH 10.0. The antifungal potential was evaluated against M. gypsum and T. rubrum. The findings revealed a comparatively higher zone of inhibition for F1. In the MIC study, SPC: CHL: T80 showed higher inhibition against M. gypseum and a slightly higher inhibition against T. rubrum compared to free rhinacanthin-C solution. Moreover, rhinacanthin-C showed significant interaction against 14α-demethylase in in silico study. Overall, this study demonstrates that nanoliposomes containing rhinacanthin-C can improve the stability and antifungal potential of rhinacanthin-C with sustained and prolonged duration of action and could be a promising vehicle for delivery of active ingredients for targeting various fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirasak Paosupap
- Department of Research and Development, Able Medical Company Limited, Chiang Yuen, Mahasarakham 44160, Thailand
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Warayuth Sajomsang
- Nano-Encapsulation Units, National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sirinporn Nalinbejapun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Sasikarn Sripetthong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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Huang T, Li X, Maier M, O'Brien-Simpson NM, Heath DE, O'Connor AJ. Using inorganic nanoparticles to fight fungal infections in the antimicrobial resistant era. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:56-79. [PMID: 36640952 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections pose a serious threat to human health and livelihoods. The number and variety of clinically approved antifungal drugs is very limited, and the emergence and rapid spread of resistance to these drugs means the impact of fungal infections will increase in the future unless alternatives are found. Despite the significance and major challenges associated with fungal infections, this topic receives significantly less attention than bacterial infections. A major challenge in the development of fungi-specific drugs is that both fungi and mammalian cells are eukaryotic and have significant overlap in their cellular machinery. This lack of fungi-specific drug targets makes human cells vulnerable to toxic side effects from many antifungal agents. Furthermore, antifungal drug resistance necessitates higher doses of the drugs, leading to significant human toxicity. There is an urgent need for new antifungal agents, specifically those that can limit the emergence of new resistant species. Non-drug nanomaterials have primarily been explored as antibacterial agents in recent years; however, they are also a promising source of new antifungal candidates. Thus, this article reviews current research on the use of inorganic nanoparticles as antifungal agents. We also highlight challenges facing antifungal nanoparticles and discuss possible future research opportunities in this field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Fungal infections pose a growing threat to human health and livelihood. The rapid spread of resistance to current antifungal drugs has led to an urgent need to develop alternative antifungals. Nanoparticles have many properties that could make them useful antimycotic agents. To the authors' knowledge, there is no published review so far that has comprehensively summarized the current development status of antifungal inorganic nanomaterials, so we decided to fill this gap. In this review, we discussed the state-of-the-art research on antifungal inorganic nanoparticles including metal, metal oxide, transition-metal dichalcogenides, and inorganic non-metallic particle systems. Future directions for the design of inorganic nanoparticles with higher antifungal efficacy and lower toxicity are described as a guide for further development in this important area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michael Maier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Neil M O'Brien-Simpson
- ACTV Research Group, Melbourne Dental School and The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel E Heath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andrea J O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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A Promising Antifungal and Antiamoebic Effect of Silver Nanorings, a Novel Type of AgNP. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081054. [PMID: 36009923 PMCID: PMC9405138 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) play an important role in the medical field due to their potent antimicrobial activity. This, together with the constant emergence of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, means AgNPs are often investigated as an alternative to solve this problem. In this article, we analyzed the antifungal and antiamoebic effects of a recently described type of AgNP, silver nanorings (AgNRs), and compared them with other types of AgNPs. Tests of the activity of AgNPs against various fungal and amoebic species were carried out. In all cases, AgNPs showed a high biocidal effect, although with fungi this depended on the species involved. Antifungal activity was detected by the conditioning of culture media or water but this effect was not dependent on the release of Ag ions. On the other hand, the proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites was reduced by silver nanorings (AgNRs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs), with AgNWs being capable of totally inhibiting the germination of A. castellanii cysts. AgNRs constitute a new type of AgNP with an antifungal and antiacanthamoebic activity. These results open the door to new and effective antimicrobial therapies as an alternative to the use of antifungals or antiamoebic drugs, thus avoiding the constant appearance of resistance and the difficulty of eradicating infections.
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Pir M, Budak F, Metiner K. In vitro antifungal activity of heterocyclic organoboron compounds against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis obtained from clinical isolates. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1297-1303. [PMID: 35697970 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro activity of thirty-eight heterocyclic organoboron compounds (1a-o, 2a-j, 3a-m) against clinically isolated dermatophytes Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of compounds (1a-o, 2a-j, 3a-m) were determined according to published protocol Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 broth microdilution method. The minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) for both T. mentagrophytes and M. canis were found by subculturing each fungal suspension on potato dextrose agar. According to the results, heterocyclic organoboron compounds (1a-o, 2a-j, 3a-m) were found to be more effective against dermatophyte M. canis (MIC = 3.12-25 µg/ml) than T. mentagrophytes (MIC = 12.5-100 µg/ml). Our findings showed that 7-membered heterocyclic organoboron compounds (3a-m) (MIC = 12.5-50 µg/ml) have stronger in vitro antifungal activity against T. mentagrophytes than 5-membered heterocyclic organoboron compounds (1a-o, 2a-j) (MIC = 25-100 µg/ml). The MFC values for all compounds ranged from 6.25 to 200 µg/ml. The limited number of systemic antifungal agents used in the treatment of dermatophyte infections and the presence of side effects have led to the search for new treatment resources in recent years. Therefore, investigation of the effect of heterocyclic organoboron compounds against dermatophytes will be promising for the discovery of new antifungal compounds that have gained great importance today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Pir
- Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technology, Kocaeli Vocational School, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Fatma Budak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Kemal Metiner
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Essghaier B, Toukabri N, Dridi R, Hannachi H, Limam I, Mottola F, Mokni M, Zid MF, Rocco L, Abdelkarim M. First Report of the Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima Fruit Extracts and Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091585. [PMID: 35564294 PMCID: PMC9104986 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Candida and dermatophyte infections are difficult to treat due to increasing antifungal drugs resistance such as fluconazole, as well as the emergence of multi-resistance in clinical bacteria. Here, we first synthesized silver nanoparticles using aqueous fruit extracts from Scabiosa atropurpurea subsp. maritima (L.). The characterization of the AgNPs by means of UV, XRD, FTIR, and TEM showed that the AgNPs had a uniform spherical shape with average sizes of 40–50 nm. The biosynthesized AgNPs showed high antioxidant activity when investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The AgNPs displayed strong antibacterial potential expressed by the maximum zone inhibition and the lowest MIC and MBC values. The AgNPs revealed a significant antifungal effect against the growth and biofilm of Candida species. In fact, the AgNPs were efficient against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Microsporum canis. The antifungal mechanisms of action of the AgNPs seem to be due to the disruption of membrane integrity and a reduction in virulence factors (biofilm and hyphae formation and a reduction in germination). Finally, the silver nanoparticles also showed important cytotoxic activity against the human multiple myeloma U266 cell line and the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Therefore, we describe new silver nanoparticles with promising biomedical application in the development of novel antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badiaa Essghaier
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El-Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (B.E.); (L.R.)
| | - Nourchéne Toukabri
- Unité de Mycologie, Laboratoire de Recherche Infections et Santé Publique LR18SP01, Service de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie, Hôpital La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis 1007, Tunisia; (N.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Rihab Dridi
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Cristallochimie et Thermodynamique Appliquée, Department of Chimie, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El-Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (R.D.); (M.F.Z.)
| | - Hédia Hannachi
- Laboratory of Vegetable Productivity and Environmental Constraint LR18ES04, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Inès Limam
- Laboratory of Oncohematology, PRF of Oncohematology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1006, Tunisia; (I.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Filomena Mottola
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Mourad Mokni
- Unité de Mycologie, Laboratoire de Recherche Infections et Santé Publique LR18SP01, Service de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie, Hôpital La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis 1007, Tunisia; (N.T.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohamed Faouzi Zid
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Cristallochimie et Thermodynamique Appliquée, Department of Chimie, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El-Manar II, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (R.D.); (M.F.Z.)
| | - Lucia Rocco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
- Correspondence: (B.E.); (L.R.)
| | - Mohamed Abdelkarim
- Laboratory of Oncohematology, PRF of Oncohematology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1006, Tunisia; (I.L.); (M.A.)
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Mahmoudi S, Vahidi M, Malekabad ES, Izadi A, Khatami M, Dadashi A. In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles in Comparison to Conventional Antifungal Drugs Against Trichophyton Interdigitale, Trichophyton Rubrum and Epidermophyton Floccosum. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:370-374. [PMID: 32669080 DOI: 10.2174/1871526520666200715095744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatophytosis is a globally distributed fungal infection. Treatment failure and relapse is common in this disease. Silver nanoparticles are known for their promising antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to determine the antifungal activity of these nanoparticles against common dermatophyte species. METHODS A set of 30 molecularly identified dermatophytes including Trichophyton interdigitale (n=10), Trichophyton rubrum (n=10), and Epidermophyton floccosum (n=10) were used in this study. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles using chicory (Cichorium intybus) were tested for their antifungal activity in comparison to fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine. Interspecies differences in minimum inhibitory concentrations of antifungal drugs and silver nanoparticles were tested using Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS software version 21. RESULTS The highest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) among antifungal drugs were observed for fluconazole [range: 4-64 μg/mL, geometric mean (GM) =17.959 μg/mL], followed by itraconazole (range: 0.008-0.5, GM= 0.066) and terbinafine (range: 0.004-0.25 μg/mL, GM=0.027 μg/mL). Silver nanoparticles showed potent antifungal activity against all dermatophyte isolates with MICs (range: 0.25-32 μg/mL, GM=4.812 μg/mL) higher than those of itraconazole and terbinafine, but lower than fluconazole. MIC values of silver nanoparticles demonstrated significant differences between species (P=0.044), with E. floccosum having the highest MICs (GM=9.849 μg/mL) compared to T. interdigitale (GM=3.732 μg/mL) and T. rubrum (GM=3.031 μg/mL). CONCLUSION Silver nanoparticles demonstrated promising anti-dermatophyte activity against the studied dermatophytes. Due to their wide-spectrum activity against other fungal and bacterial pathogens, they could be a potential choice, at least in the case of cutaneous and superficial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Vahidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Izadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Khatami
- Nano Bio Electrochemistry Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Alireza Dadashi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The Efficacy of Green Synthesized Nanosilver in Reducing the Incidence of Post-Harvest Apple Fruit Brown Rot. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7060473. [PMID: 34200972 PMCID: PMC8230666 DOI: 10.3390/jof7060473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to green synthesize nanosilver (AgNPs) using black tea extract and use it as a nanopreservative to increase the shelf life of stored apple fruits. Ultraviolet visible absorption (UV-vis) analysis of AgNPs recorded two λ max values at 260 and 452 nm. Transmission electron microscope and dynamic light scattering analyses showed that AgNPs are spherical in shape and have an average size of 20 and 170.6 nm, respectively, with a zeta potential of -20.06 mV. An in vitro assay confirmed the antifungal potential of AgNPs against M. fructigena when applied at 200 mg/L and preincubated for 4 days, reducing the radial growth by 96.1%. At the same dose and preincubation period, AgNPs caused a significant reduction in the diameter and fresh weight of brown rotted lesions in apple fruits artificially coinoculated with the pathogen by 77.4% and 84.4%, respectively. AgNPs caused the leakage of proteins and DNA from M. fructigena conidia and did not express cytotoxicity against the human HaCaT cell lines. Accordingly, green synthesized AgNPs are eco-friendly and economical and do not pose harm to human health; thus, they could be used as an effective nanopreservative in apple fruit stores to reduce the incidence of brown rot disease.
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Talapko J, Matijević T, Juzbašić M, Antolović-Požgain A, Škrlec I. Antibacterial Activity of Silver and Its Application in Dentistry, Cardiology and Dermatology. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1400. [PMID: 32932967 PMCID: PMC7565656 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The problem of antimicrobial resistance is increasingly present and requires the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. Although the healing features of silver have been recognized since ancient times, silver has not been used due to newly discovered antibiotics. Thanks to technology development, a significant step forward has been made in silver nanoparticles research. Nowadays, silver nanoparticles are a frequent target of researchers to find new and better drugs. Namely, there is a need for silver nanoparticles as alternative antibacterial nanobiotics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), depending on their size and shape, also have different antimicrobial activity. In addition to their apparent antibacterial activity, AgNPs can serve as drug delivery systems and have anti-thrombogenic, anti-platelet, and anti-hypertensive properties. Today they are increasingly used in clinical medicine and dental medicine. This paper presents silver antimicrobial activity and its use in dentistry, cardiology, and dermatology, where it has an extensive range of effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (J.T.); (M.J.)
| | - Tatjana Matijević
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Martina Juzbašić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (J.T.); (M.J.)
| | - Arlen Antolović-Požgain
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Public Health Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (J.T.); (M.J.)
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Zahabi ZF, Sharififar F, Almani PGN, Salari S. Antifungal activities of different fractions of Salvia rhytidea Benth as a valuable medicinal plant against different Candida species in Kerman province (Southeast of Iran). GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Santhoshkumar J, Sowmya B, Venkat Kumar S, Rajeshkumar S. Toxicology evaluation and antidermatophytic activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using leaf extract of Passiflora caerulea. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Al-Janabi AAHS, Bashi AM. Development of a new synthetic xerogel nanoparticles of silver and zinc oxide against causative agents of dermatophytoses. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 30:283-287. [PMID: 30051722 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2018.1506079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatophytes, which are the common causative agents of superficial infection on the human skin called dermatophytosis that can be treated by various antifungal drugs. Nanoparticles composed of such drugs have many benefits. A new form called xerogel of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) was prepared and tested against dermatophytes. METHODS Xerogel consists of Ag-NPs and ZnO-NPs was prepared. Characteristics of chemical composition, surface morphology, and nanoparticle size were determined. Antidermatophytic action of prepared xerogel was investigated against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton verrucosum. RESULTS The new preparation exhibited satisfactory character of xerogel nanoparticles. Trichophyton mentagrophytes showed more susceptibility to xerogel with lower minimum inhibitory concentration than T. verrucosum. CONCLUSIONS Xerogel nanoparticles composed of Ag and ZnO were successfully prepared. They had antidermatophytic action in specific concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abass M Bashi
- b Department of Clinical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences , University of Karbala , Karbala, Iraq
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Farid M, Ali S, Zubair M, Saeed R, Rizwan M, Sallah-Ud-Din R, Azam A, Ashraf R, Ashraf W. Glutamic acid assisted phyto-management of silver-contaminated soils through sunflower; physiological and biochemical response. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:25390-25400. [PMID: 29951756 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technique for the removal of heavy metal-contaminated soils and water. The less availability and mobility of heavy metals in medium decreased the efficiency of this technique. The mobility and availability of these metals in the medium can be enhanced by the addition of organic chelators. The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of glutamic acid (GA) in improving silver (Ag) phytoextraction by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Different concentrations of Ag and GA were supplied in solution form in different combinations after defined intervals. Results depicted that increasing concentration of Ag significantly reduced the plant biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant enzyme activities (like catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase). Furthermore, Ag stress increased the Ag concentration and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sunflower plants. The addition of GA alleviated the Ag-induced toxicity in plants and enhanced Ag concentration and accumulation in sunflower. The addition of GA enhanced Ag accumulation in sunflower roots by 70, 79, 58, and 66% at 0-, 100-, 250-, and 500-μM Ag treatments, respectively, as compared to control plants. In conclusion, the results showed that Ag significantly reduced the physiological and biochemical attributes in term of reduced growth of sunflower and the addition of GA alleviated the Ag induced toxicity and enhanced Ag uptake. The results suggested that sunflower can be used as hyper-accumulator plant for the removal of Ag under GA. Further studies are required to understand the role of GA at gene and microscopic level in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Saeed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rasham Sallah-Ud-Din
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Azam
- Department of Physics, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rehman Ashraf
- Environmental Hydro-geochemistry Laboratory, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Ashraf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
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Evaluation of biofilm formation ability in different Candida strains and anti-biofilm effects of Fe 3O 4-NPs compared with Fluconazole: an in vitro study. J Mycol Med 2018. [PMID: 29519624 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biofilm formation ability is one of the major virulence factors contributing to the pathogenesis of Candida species. Biofilms produced by Candida spp. cause complicated treatments and contribute to increasing unpleasant mortality rates. Nanoparticles of Fe3O4 (Fe3O4-NPs) are considered due to their magnetic and biochemical properties, as well as their low costs. The purpose of present study was to determine biofilm formation ability in different Candida strains and evaluation of anti-biofilm effect of Fe3O4-NPs compared with FLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the biofilm-forming ability of Candida strains and the inhibitory effects of Fe3O4-NPs on Candida strains biofilms compared with FLC were measured by MTT assay. RESULTS Our finding showed that the biofilm formation ability of C. lusitaniae was significantly higher than other tested Candida strains. However, all the studied Candida strains produced high degree of biofilms. The biofilm formation in different Candida strains was inhibited at concentrations ≥1000μg/mL to ≥4000μg/mL for Fe3O4-NPs and ≥512μg/mL to ≥2048μg/mL for FLC. After exposure to various concentrations of Fe3O4-NPs, biofilm formation reduction in C. albicans and C. parapsilosis were more than FLC. Although, this reduction was not significant. A significant reduction (P<0.05) was observed in biofilm formation in presence of FLC compared with Fe3O4-NPs in C. krusei, C. tropicalis, and C. lusitaniae. The inhibitory effects of Fe3O4-NPs and FLC on biofilm formation of C. glabrata were approximately equal. CONCLUSION In accordance with the findings, the biofilm reduction effect of FLC for C. krusei, C. tropicalis, and C. lusitaniae were statistically higher than Fe3O4-NPs.
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Babayani M, Salari S, Hashemi SJ, Ghasemi Nejad Almani P, Fattahi A. Onychomycosis due to dermatophytes species in Iran: Prevalence rates, causative agents, predisposing factors and diagnosis based on microscopic morphometric findings. J Mycol Med 2018; 28:45-50. [PMID: 29449074 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Onychomycosis (OM) or fungal nail infection is one of the most common fungal infections, which is increasingly prevalent. OM is caused by dermatophytes spp, yeasts and non-dermatophyte moulds (NDMs). The purpose of this study was to identify and determine the prevalence rates, predisposing factors and causative agents of OM using clinical symptoms and microscopic morphometric findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, 180 patients suspected of OM were evaluated by direct microscopy using KOH 20%, culturing in Mycosel and Sabouraud dextrose agar media and Olysia software for identifying the causative fungi of OM. RESULTS From 180 referred patients, 118 (65.56%) had OM, of whom 79 (66.94%) were positive for infection with dermatophytes spp. Of the 79 cases, the commonest age group was 61-70 years (21%) with males being 46 (58.23%) and females being 33 (41.77%). Both the fingernail and toenail infections were most prevalent in male patients. Sex, diabetes and age above 60 years were significant predisposing factors for OM development. DLSO was observed as the only clinical pattern of OM and T. rubrum was the commonest dermatophyte isolate (49.34%). CONCLUSION This study showed that T. rubrum was the most common dermatophyte agent of OM in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Babayani
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - S Salari
- Students Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - S J Hashemi
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - A Fattahi
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Seddighi NS, Salari S, Izadi AR. Evaluation of antifungal effect of iron‐oxide nanoparticles against different Candida species. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:883-888. [PMCID: PMC8676272 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron‐oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been widely favoured due to their biodegradable, low cytotoxic effects and having reactive surface which can be altered with biocompatible coatings. Considering various medical applications of IONPs, the authors were encouraged to study whether IONPs could be effective against fungal infections caused by Candida species. In this study, IONPs were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The goal of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of IONPs against different Candida spp. compared with fluconazole (FLC). IONPs were spherical with the size of 30–40 nm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of IONPs ranged from 62.5 to 500 µg/ml and 500 to 1000 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC and MFC of FLC were in range of 16–128 μg/ml and 64–512 μg/ml, respectively. The growth inhibition value indicated that Candida tropicalis , Candida albicans and Candida glabrata spp. were most susceptible to IONPs. The finding showed that the IONPs possessed antifungal potential against pathogenic Candida spp. and could inhibit the growth of all the tested Candida spp. Further studies, both in vitro and in vivo (including susceptibility, toxicity, Probability of kill (PK) and efficacy studies) are needed to determine whether IONPs are suitable for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samira Salari
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious DiseasesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Medical Mycology and ParasitologySchool of MedicineMedical University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Ali Raza Izadi
- Department of Laboratory SciencesSchool of MedicineBam University of Medical SciencesBamIran
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Epidemiology of dermatomycoses in Kerman province, southeast of Iran: A 10-years retrospective study (2004-2014). Microb Pathog 2017; 110:561-567. [PMID: 28757272 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Superficial and cutaneous fungal infections (SCFIs) are an important public health problem and are common in tropical and subtropical countries. Pityriasis versicolor, dermatophytosis, erythrasma, onychomycosis, and otomycosis are the major diseases associated with SCFIs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and causative agents of dermatomycoses over a period of 10 years in Kerman province, southeast of Iran. METHODS A number of 1782 subjects, including 1096 females and 686 males, with cutaneous disorders in their skin, nail, and hair suspected to have SCFIs participated in this study. The collected specimens were examined using direct microscopy examination, staining, culture on specific media and PCR-RFLP technique. RESULTS In total, 617 (34.62%) subjects had SCFIs, of whom 290 (47%) were female and 327 (53%) were male. Identified SCFIs included yeast infections, dermatophytosis, saprophyte onychomycosis, erythrasma, and otomycosis due to non-dermatophytic molds (NDMs). The highest prevalence of dermatomycoses was found among the 41-50-year and 31-40-year age groups. Tinea unguium was the most common clinical pattern of dermatomycoses, and T. mentagrophytes was the predominant agent. Also, Aspergillus spp. were the most common NDMs agents of onychomycosis and otomycosis. CONCLUSIONS This study summarized the epidemiological trends and etiologic agents of SCFIs in a 10-year period in Kerman, southeast of Iran. Consideration of the current epidemiologic trends in the prevalence and knowledge of the exact causative agents of SCFIs may play an important key role towards further investigations, diagnosis, and modification of current treatments.
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Wypij M, Czarnecka J, Dahm H, Rai M, Golinska P. Silver nanoparticles from Pilimelia columellifera subsp. pallida SL19 strain demonstrated antifungal activity against fungi causing superficial mycoses. J Basic Microbiol 2017; 57:793-800. [PMID: 28670763 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201700121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present the in vitro antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from acidophilic actinobacterium Pilimelia columellifera subsp. pallida SL19 strain, alone and in combination with antibiotics viz., amphotericin B, fluconazole, and ketoconazole against pathogenic fungi, namely Candida albicans, Malassezia furfur, and Trichophyton erinacei. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum biocidal concentration (MBC) of AgNPs against test fungi were evaluated. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index was determined to estimate antifungal activity of AgNPs combined with antibiotics. Antifungal activity of AgNPs varied among the tested fungal strains. M. furfur was found to be most sensitive to biogenic silver nanoparticles, followed by C. albicans and T. erinacei. The lowest MIC of AgNPs was noticed against M. furfur (16 μg ml-1 ). Synergistic effect was observed on C. albicans when AgNP were combined with amphotericin B and ketoconazole and on M. furfur with fluconazole and ketoconazole (FIC index of 0.5). Cytotoxic effect of AgNPs on HeLa and 3T3 cell lines was evaluated. The IC50 values were found to be 55 and 25 μg ml-1 , respectively. The present study indicates that silver nanoparticles from P. columellifera subsp. pallida SL19 strain have antifungal activity, both alone and in combination with antibiotics, and offer a valuable contribution to nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wypij
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Joanna Czarnecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Hanna Dahm
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Mahendra Rai
- Nanobiotechnology Lab., Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
| | - Patrycja Golinska
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
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Khatami M, Nejad MS, Salari S, Almani PGN. Plant-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Trifolium resupinatum seed exudate and their antifungal efficacy on Neofusicoccum parvum and Rhizoctonia solani. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 10:237-43. [PMID: 27463795 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, biosynthesis and the utilisation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has become an interesting subject. In this study, the authors investigated the biosynthesis of AgNPs using Trifolium resupinatum (Persian clover) seed exudates. The characterisation of AgNPs were analysed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Also, antifungal efficacy of biogenic AgNPs against two important plant-pathogenic fungi (Rhizoctonia solani and Neofusicoccum Parvum) in vitro condition was evaluated. The XRD analysis showed that the AgNPs are crystalline in nature and have face-centred cubic geometry. TEM images revealed the spherical shape of the AgNPs with an average size of 17 nm. The synthesised AgNPs were formed at room temperature and kept stable for 4 months. The maximum distributions of the synthesised AgNPs were seen to range in size from 5 to 10 nm. The highest inhibition effect was observed against R. solani at 40 ppm concentration of AgNPs (94.1%) followed by N. parvum (84%). The results showed that the antifungal activity of AgNPs was dependent on the amounts of AgNPs. In conclusion, the AgNPs obtained from T. resupinatum seed exudate exhibit good antifungal activity against the pathogenic fungi R. solani and N. Parvum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Khatami
- Department of Biotechnology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Meysam Soltani Nejad
- Department of Plant Pathology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samira Salari
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Salari S, Bakhshi T, Sharififar F, Naseri A, Ghasemi Nejad Almani P. Evaluation of antifungal activity of standardized extract of Salvia rhytidea Benth. (Lamiaceae) against various Candida isolates. J Mycol Med 2016; 26:323-330. [PMID: 27499461 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Salvia species have long been described in traditional medicine for various indications. Owing to the widespread use of this genus by ethnic populations, especially for various infections ranging from skin disease to gastrointestinal disorders, we were encouraged to determine whether Salvia rhytidea could be effective against fungal infections. Given the increased incidence of candidiasis in the past decade, limits on the use of antifungal drugs, emergence of azole-resistant Candida species and increased incidence of treatment failures, it is necessary to identify a novel agent with antifungal properties. Aim of the study was to evaluate the antifungal properties of S. rhytidea against various Candida isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, at first rosmarinic acid content of plant extract was determined. A total of 96 Candida isolates were tested, including the following species: Candida albicans (n=42), Candida glabrata (n=16), Candida tropicalis (n=11), Candida krusei (n=9), Candida parapsilosis (n=9), Candida lusitaniae (n=7) and Candida guilliermondii (n=2). The in vitro antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of S. rhytidea Benth. was evaluated against Candida isolates and compared with that of the standard antifungal drug nystatin by using a broth microdilution method, according to CLSI. RESULTS Phytochemical screening results showed that the methanolic extract of S. rhytidea Benth. was rich in flavonoids and tannins. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of S. rhytidea Benth. ranged from 3.125 to>100μg/ml and 6.25 to>100μg/ml respectively. The growth inhibition value displayed that C. tropicalis, C. krusei and C. albicans isolates were most susceptible to S. rhytidea. CONCLUSIONS Findings show that S. rhytidea possesses an antifungal effect against Candida isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Salari
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
| | - T Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - F Sharififar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - A Naseri
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - P Ghasemi Nejad Almani
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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