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Nazari SSH, Mansori K, Kangavari HN, Shojaei A, Arsang-Jang S. Spatio-temporal Distribution of Suicide Risk in Iran: A Bayesian Hierarchical Analysis of Repeated Cross-sectional Data. J Prev Med Public Health 2022; 55:164-172. [PMID: 35391528 PMCID: PMC8995936 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.21.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to estimate the space-time distribution of the risk of suicide mortality in Iran from 2006 to 2016. METHODS In this repeated cross-sectional study, the age-standardized risk of suicide mortality from 2006 to 2016 was determined. To estimate the cumulative and temporal risk, the Besag, York, and Mollié and Bernardinelli models were used. RESULTS The relative risk of suicide mortality was greater than 1 in 43.0% of Iran's provinces (posterior probability >0.8; range, 0.46 to 3.93). The spatio-temporal model indicated a high risk of suicide in 36.7% of Iran's provinces. In addition, significant upward temporal trends in suicide risk were observed in the provinces of Tehran, Fars, Kermanshah, and Gilan. A significantly decreasing pattern of risk was observed for men (β, -0.013; 95% credible interval [CrI], -0.010 to -0.007), and a stable pattern of risk was observed for women (β, -0.001; 95% CrI, -0.010 to 0.007). A decreasing pattern of suicide risk was observed for those aged 15-29 years (β, -0.006; 95% CrI, -0.010 to -0.0001) and 30-49 years (β, -0.001; 95% CrI, -0.018 to -0.002). The risk was stable for those aged >50 years. CONCLUSIONS The highest risk of suicide mortality was observed in Iran's northwestern provinces and among Kurdish women. Although a low risk of suicide mortality was observed in the provinces of Tehran, Fars, and Gilan, the risk in these provinces is increasing rapidly compared to other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Kamyar Mansori
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,
Iran
| | - Hajar Nazari Kangavari
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Ahmad Shojaei
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Iranian Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,
Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom,
Iran
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Farahbakhsh M, Asgari MN, Aslrahimi V, Hemmati A, Iranzad I, Azizi H. Socio-demographic status and 12 years trend of completed suicide in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, during the period 2007–2018. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-021-00111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The incidence rate of suicide has been increased in Iran over the past decades especially in East Azerbaijan Province which there are limited studies on suicide. We aimed to investigate the 12-year trend of suicide and demographic characteristics in East Azerbaijan Province during the period 2007–2018. We obtained the data on the suicide mortality and socio-demographic status from the Death Registry Information System (DRIS) and compared with legal medicine suicide statistics during the study period.
Results
A total of 2422 and 1783 suicide cases were reported by legal medicine and DRIS (average incidence rate 5.94 vs 4.4 per 100,000) in the 12-year period from 2007 to 2018, respectively. The suicide rate in males was more than two times that of females. The mean and median age of suicide was 34.07 and 31 years, respectively. The most common suicide method was hanging (51.9%). The incidence rate of suicide cases was decreasing between 2007 and 2014, however from 2015 to 2018 has been increased.
Conclusions
The incidence rate of suicide in this province has been increasing with a smooth slope. Community-based programs and measures should be taken to stop the growth rate of suicide.
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Mirahmadizadeh A, Rezaei F, Mokhtari AM, Gholamzadeh S, Baseri A. Epidemiology of suicide attempts and deaths: a population-based study in Fars, Iran (2011-16). J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 42:e1-e11. [PMID: 30668878 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a critical psychological issue worldwide with an increasing trend. This study investigated suicide comprehensively. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we reviewed data of 28 552 suicide attempts during 2011-16, in Southern Iran. To calculate age-standardized incidence rates, population statistics were derived from the Statistical Center of Iran and the National Organization for Civil Registration. We used the standard population of World Health Organization 2012 to adjust the suicide attempts and deaths rates by age. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 26.8 ± 10.6 years with the highest suicide attempts rates in the age groups of 15-24 and 25-34 years (48% and 32.5%, respectively); 58.7% were women and 52.9% were single. Case-fatality rate (CFR) was 6.27%. Annual age-standardized incidence rates of suicide attempts during the 6-year period has increased (P < 0.001), and that of deaths were not incremental (P > 0.05). Logistic regression model showed male sex, rural area, older age, psychological and somatic disorders, and family history of suicide as significant factors. CONCLUSIONS In this comprehensive study, although the age-standardized mortality rate of suicide in southern Iran was lower than in other countries, the increasing trend of suicide attempts during the study period served as an alarming sign in this province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mirahmadizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fariba Rezaei
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Mental Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Mokhtari
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Gholamzadeh
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Baseri
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Mental Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Hoffman
- From the Division of Medical Toxicology, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York (R.S.H.); the Division of Emergency Medicine, Program in Medical Toxicology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.M.B.); and Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CISSS) Montérégie-Centre Emergency Department, Hôpital Charles-Lemoyne, Greenfield Park, QC, the Department of Emergency Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, and Centre Antipoison du Québec, Quebec, QC - all in Canada (S.G.)
| | - Michele M Burns
- From the Division of Medical Toxicology, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York (R.S.H.); the Division of Emergency Medicine, Program in Medical Toxicology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.M.B.); and Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CISSS) Montérégie-Centre Emergency Department, Hôpital Charles-Lemoyne, Greenfield Park, QC, the Department of Emergency Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, and Centre Antipoison du Québec, Quebec, QC - all in Canada (S.G.)
| | - Sophie Gosselin
- From the Division of Medical Toxicology, Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York (R.S.H.); the Division of Emergency Medicine, Program in Medical Toxicology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.M.B.); and Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux (CISSS) Montérégie-Centre Emergency Department, Hôpital Charles-Lemoyne, Greenfield Park, QC, the Department of Emergency Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, and Centre Antipoison du Québec, Quebec, QC - all in Canada (S.G.)
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5
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Studart-Bottó P, Martins-Junior DF, Sarmento S, Argolo L, Galvão-de-Almeida A, Miranda-Scippa Â. Self-injurious behavior and related mortality in children under 10 years of age: a retrospective health record study in Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2020; 42:40-45. [PMID: 31389497 PMCID: PMC6986482 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe and analyze data on self-injurious behavior (SIB) and related mortality in children under 10 years old in Brazil. METHODS A descriptive study was performed using secondary public health care data extracted from the Hospital Information System (Sistema de Informações Hospitalares, SIH) and Mortality Information System (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, SIM) in Brazil. The databases are available for online access at http://datasus.saude.gov.br/. RESULTS In Brazil, according to SIH data, 11,312 hospitalizations of patients under 10 years of age were recorded from 1998 to 2018 as resulting from SIB (ICD-10 X60-X84 codes). Of these, 65 resulted in death. According to the SIM, from 1996 to 2016, 91 deaths related to SIB were recorded, 81 (89%) in children aged 5 to 9 years, nine (9.9%) in children aged 1 to 4 years, and one (1.1%) in a child below 1 year of age. CONCLUSION These results highlight the relevance of creating measures to better understand SIB and related mortality in this age group. They also reveal the vulnerability of children in Brazil and warrant further studies to address these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Studart-Bottó
- Ambulatório de Transtorno do Humor e Ansiedade (CETHA), Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Davi F. Martins-Junior
- Ambulatório de Transtorno do Humor e Ansiedade (CETHA), Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Stella Sarmento
- Ambulatório de Transtorno do Humor e Ansiedade (CETHA), Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Lucas Argolo
- Ambulatório de Transtorno do Humor e Ansiedade (CETHA), Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Amanda Galvão-de-Almeida
- Ambulatório de Transtorno do Humor e Ansiedade (CETHA), Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Departamento de Neurociência e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ângela Miranda-Scippa
- Ambulatório de Transtorno do Humor e Ansiedade (CETHA), Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Departamento de Neurociência e Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Moradinazar M, Shaygani M, Ataei M, Naseri R. Psychiatric Assessment of Deliberate Self-Poisoning. Psychiatr Ann 2019. [DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20190710-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Azizpour M, Taghizadeh Z, Mohammadi N, Vedadhir A. Being at the center of attention: Iranian women's experience after suicide attempts. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2019; 55:445-452. [PMID: 30506683 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A history of suicide attempts is the most important predictor of suicide. The aim of this study was to understand the experience of women after suicide attempts. DESIGN AND METHODS A purposive sampling method using semistructured in-depth interviews with seven Iranian women was implemented for data collection, and an interpretative phenomenological approach with the van Manen method was used for data analysis. FINDINGS The main theme was "being at the center of attention," from which emerged two subthemes: "loved ones keeping an eye on them" and "rain of love." PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The study participants experienced satisfaction with their suicide attempt, and some of them felt that they are now being restricted. The study recommends that a special caregiver training program would be beneficial to educate the families in appropriate behavior after a loved one's suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azizpour
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Taghizadeh
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooredin Mohammadi
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Center for Nursing Care Research, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abouali Vedadhir
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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8
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The trend in mortality due to suicide in urban and rural areas of Colombia, 1979-2014. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2019; 39:339-353. [PMID: 31529821 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v39i3.4427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Suicide is a serious social and public health problem that affects the population in most countries in the world. Differences in suicide rates in rural and urban areas have been previously described.
Objective: To study the trend of mortality rates by suicide in Colombia, in rural and urban areas by gender, age group, and suicide method during the years 1979-2014.
Materials and methods: We conducted a temporal trend ecologic study using death certificates from the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, DANE. Specific and adjusted by age and gender mortality rates were calculated. We estimated negative binomial and inflection point regression models to study the trends in mortality rates stratified by gender, age group, and suicide method.
Results: A total of 56,448 suicides was reported in Colombia between 1979 and 2014. The risk of suicide was higher in urban areas for men, individuals between 25 and 44 years, and 65 and over; and for those who used hanging as the suicide method. Also, the risk of suicide was higher in the rural area for men between 45 and 64 years old, and those who used firearms, sharp weapons, hanging, and others as suicide methods. The trend of suicide rates in urban areas showed its maximum peak in 1999 and in the rural ones in 2000. Then, in the two areas, there was a gradual decrease. Hanging in both areas presented a tendency to rise in men.
Conclusions: Suicide has shown a tendency toward reduction after the year 2000, with differences between urban and rural areas.
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9
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Moradinazar M, Najafi F, Baneshi MR, Haghdoost AA. Size Estimation of Under-Reported Suicides and Suicide Attempts Using Network Scale up Method. Bull Emerg Trauma 2019; 7:99-104. [PMID: 31198796 PMCID: PMC6555204 DOI: 10.29252/beat-070202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To estimate (under reporting) UR of SDS (Suicide deaths) and SAS (suicide attempts) in Kermanshah Province which is among provinces with high suicide rate in Iran. Methods: For estimating the size of UR suicide death registers, all cases of SAS and suicide deaths were retrieved from forensic medicine and health centers. Then, using network scale up method, a sample of 500 cases, aged 18 to 65 years, were randomly selected from the general population on the basis of age - sex proportion. To find the 95% confidence interval, bootstrap technique was used. Results: The average coverage of SDS was 58.4%, the lowest and highest coverage rate of SDS were attributed to self-immolation (34.2%) and hanging (81.2%), respectively. The coverage rate of SAS for self-immolation and deliberate self-poisoning were 82.4% and 77.2%, respectively. Size estimation of SAS by NSU method revealed that deliberate self-poisoning with medication (61.7%), poisoning with toxins and chemicals (20.6%), and self-immolation (7.7%) were the most frequent methods of SAS. Conclusion: Given the low coverage of suicide registers, all causes of death, especially deaths classified as accident or deaths with undetermined category, are required to be accurately registered. Investigations of causes of death, correction of wrong codes, as well as interviews with survivors to give them assurance can reduce the rate of suicide denial and result in increased accuracy of death register coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Moradinazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (ECEDH), Public Health School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (ECEDH), Public Health School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Baneshi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Haghdoost
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
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Rostami M, Jalilian A, Poorolajal J, Mahaki B. Time Series Analysis of Monthly Suicide Rates in West of Iran, 2006-2013. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:78. [PMID: 31198513 PMCID: PMC6547801 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_197_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iran's western provinces have higher suicide rate compared to the other provinces of the country. Although suicide rates fluctuate over time, suitable statistical models can describe their underlying stochastic dynamics. METHODS This study was conducted to explore the fluctuations of the monthly suicide rates in the most populated western province of Iran using exponential smoothing state space model to compute the forecasts. For this reason, the monthly frequencies of completed suicides were converted to rates per 100,000 and a state-space approach was identified and fitted to the monthly suicide rates. Diagnostic checks were performed to determine the adequacy of the fitted model. RESULTS A significant seasonal variation was detected in completed suicide with a peak in August. Diagnostic checks and the time series graph of the observed monthly suicide rates against predicted values from the fitted model showed that in the study period (from March 2006 to September 2013), the observed and predicted values were in agreement. Thus, the model was used to obtain the short-term forecasts of the monthly suicide rates. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we had no significant trend but seasonal variations in the suicide rates that were identified. However, additional data from other parts of the country with longer duration are needed to visualize the reliable trend of suicide and identify seasonality of suicide across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Rostami
- Deputy for Treatment, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Jalal Poorolajal
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Behzad Mahaki
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Moradinazar M, Najafi F, Baneshi MR, Haghdoost AA. Estimation of the rate and number of underreported deliberate self-poisoning attempts in western Iran in 2015. Epidemiol Health 2017; 39:e2017023. [PMID: 28728353 PMCID: PMC5668665 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2017023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rates of attempted deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) are subject to undercounting, underreporting, and denial of the suicide attempt. In this study, we estimated the rate of underreported DSP, which is the most common method of attempted suicide in Iran. METHODS We estimated the rate and number of unaccounted individuals who attempted DSP in western Iran in 2015 using a truncated count model. In this method, the number of people who attempted DSP but were not referred to any health care centers, n0, was calculated through integrating hospital and forensic data. The crude and age-adjusted rates of attempted DSP were estimated directly using the average population size of the city of Kermanshah and the World Health Organization (WHO) world standard population with and without accounting for underreporting. The Monte Carlo method was used to determine the confidence level. RESULTS The recorded number of people who attempted DSP was estimated by different methods to be in the range of 46.6 to 53.2% of the actual number of individuals who attempted DSP. The rate of underreported cases was higher among women than men and decreased as age increased. The rate of underreported cases decreased as the potency and intensity of toxic factors increased. The highest underreporting rates of 69.9, 51.2, and 21.5% were observed when oil and detergents (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision [ICD-10] code: X66), medications (ICD-10 code: X60-X64), and agricultural toxins (ICD-10 codes: X68, X69) were used for poisoning, respectively. Crude rates, with and without accounting for underreporting, were estimated by the mixture method as 167.5 per 100,000 persons and 331.7 per 100,000 persons, respectively, which decreased to 129.8 per 100,000 persons and 253.1 per 100,000 persons after adjusting for age on the basis of the WHO world standard population. CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of individuals who attempted DSP were not referred to a hospital for treatment or denied the suicide attempt for political or sociocultural reasons. Individuals with no access to counseling services are at a higher risk for repeated suicide attempts and fatal suicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Moradinazar
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Baneshi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Haghdoost
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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12
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Davaasambuu S, Batbaatar S, Witte S, Hamid P, Oquendo MA, Kleinman M, Olivares M, Gould M. Suicidal Plans and Attempts Among Adolescents in Mongolia. CRISIS 2017; 38:330-343. [PMID: 28228061 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although 75% of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries, few studies have examined suicidal behaviors among young people in these countries. AIMS This study aimed to examine what individual characteristics were associated with suicidal plans and attempts among Mongolian youth and whether suicidal risks and behaviors varied by urban and rural locations. METHOD Logistic regression analyses were utilized to investigate suicidal plans and attempts among 5,393 adolescents using the Global Student Health Survey - 2013. RESULTS Adolescents who lived in urban areas were at higher risk for suicidal plans and behaviors than those who lived in rural areas; however, the patterns of suicidal risks were similar. Specifically, individual characteristics, such as being female, feeling lonely and worried, smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, and having fights at school, were associated with suicidal plans and behaviors regardless of the residential places. LIMITATIONS A number of important variables have not been included in the questionnaire such as depression, family and parental support, household income, family constructs etc. CONCLUSION Given the comparable patterns of risk between urban and rural adolescents and the relatively high rates of suicidal plans and attempts, similar mental health services and interventions are necessitated for both urban and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarantsetseg Davaasambuu
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suvd Batbaatar
- 2 Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Susan Witte
- 3 School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phillip Hamid
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria A Oquendo
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,4 Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.,5 Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marjorie Kleinman
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Olivares
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madelyn Gould
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Silent Change of Suicide in the West of Iran (Kermanshah): Joinpoint Regression Analysis. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.43061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Choi KH, Kim DH. Trend of Suicide Rates According to Urbanity among Adolescents by Gender and Suicide Method in Korea, 1997-2012. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:5129-42. [PMID: 25985313 PMCID: PMC4454959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120505129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to quantifiably evaluate the trend of the suicide rate among Korean adolescents from 1997 to 2012 according to urbanity. We used national death certificates and registration population data by administrative district for 15–19 years-old adolescents. The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) were estimated by the Joinpoint Regression Program. The suicide rate in the rural areas was higher than that in the urban areas in both genders (males (/100,000), 12.2 vs. 8.5; females (/100,000), 10.2 vs. 7.4 in 2012). However, the trend significantly increased only in the urban area (AAPC [95% CI]: males 2.6 [0.7, 4.6], females 3.3 [1.4, 5.2]). In urban areas, the suicide rate by jumping significantly increased in both genders (AAPC [95% CI]: males, 6.7 [4.3, 9.1]; females, 4.5 [3.0, 6.1]). In rural areas, the rate by self-poisoning significantly decreased by 7.9% per year for males (95% CI: −12.5, −3.0) and the rate by hanging significantly increased by 10.1% per year for females (95% CI: 2.6, 18.2). The trend and methods of suicide differ according to urbanity; therefore, a suicide prevention policy based on urbanity needs to be established for adolescents in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Choi
- Hallym Research Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Hallym Research Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Korea.
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Korea.
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Behmanehsh Poor F, Tabatabaei SM, Bakhshani NM. Epidemiology of Suicide and its Associated Socio-demographic Factors in Patients Admitted to Emergency Department of Zahedan Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH RISK BEHAVIORS & ADDICTION 2014; 3:e22637. [PMID: 25741486 PMCID: PMC4331659 DOI: 10.5812/ijhrba.22637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Suicide is a growing public health problem all over the world. Understanding the prevalence of suicide and its correlates is of great importance in planning programs to reduce the risk in different societies. Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the epidemiology of suicide and its associated risk factors in Sistan and Balouchestan Province, southeast of Iran. Patients and Methods: We investigated a total of 369 suicide cases admitted to the emergency department of Zahedan Khatam- Al- Anbia hospital between March 2010 and February 2012. Data was collected from the hospital information system (HIS) using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to identify the factors associated with suicidal behaviors. Results: A greater proportion of the study subjects (65%) were female. They were more likely to be young (43.5% in the age group of 16 to 25 years) and illiterate or have a primary school education (20.9% and 48.8%, respectively). Housewives and self-employed individuals and those with a low or medium income dominated the suicide cases. The most common method of suicide was burning (53.4%) followed by drug ingestion (23.8%). One third of the suicide cases occurred during spring. The case fatality rate was 49.6% and it was significantly associated with low income, summer time suicides, burning as a method of suicide. Conclusions: This study highlights the burden of suicide and itspotential socio-demographic risk factors in Sistan and Blouchestan Province. This information has an implication for planning the preventive measures, policy making and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaei
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaei, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-541-2438801, Fax: +98-541-2438800, E-mail:
| | - Nour-Mohammad Bakhshani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
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