1
|
Al-Daher MS, Sultan K, Hajeer MY, Burhan AS. Enamel Deproteinization or Sandblasting for Enamel Reconditioning Before Acid Etching to Enhance the Shear Bond Strength of Metallic Brackets in a Third Bonding: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e66210. [PMID: 39105206 PMCID: PMC11299984 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enamel conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid is the most common technique during orthodontic bracket bonding procedures. However, due to the repeated de-bonding of the orthodontic brackets during treatment, other methods were needed to condition the enamel surface and increase the bond strength. This study aimed to compare the effect of conditioning the enamel surface by sandblasting with aluminum oxide particles or 5.25% sodium hypochlorite gel in combination with acid etching compared to acid etching alone on shear bond strength (SBS). MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred eight extracted upper premolars were randomly divided into three groups according to the conditioning enamel surface method. After the first and second bonding of metal brackets, new metal brackets were bonded with a total-etching adhesive after enamel conditioning using different methods: acid etching only (37% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds) (AE group), sodium hypochlorite associated with acid etching (5.25% NaOCl gel for 60 seconds and then acid etching for 30 seconds) (NaOCl-AE group), and sandblasting associated with acid etching (sandblasting for five seconds and then acid etching for 30 seconds) (SB-AE group). The shear bond strengths of the brackets were tested with a universal testing machine. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) tests were used to detect significant differences in shear bond strength among groups at the third bonding. Repeated-measure ANOVA and Bonferroni's tests were used to detect significant differences in shear bond strength among the bonding attempts within each group. RESULTS 5.25% sodium hypochlorite associated with the acid etching method produced significantly greater shear bond strength than sandblasting associated with acid etching and acid etching only methods at the third bonding (16.40 ± 5.80 MPa, 13.60.47 ± 6.40 MPa, and 9.90 ± 4.40 MPa, respectively; P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the AE and SB-AE groups (P = 0.247). In addition, we found a significant decrease in the shear bond strength within each group after each bonding attempt. CONCLUSION Conditioning the enamel surface with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite associated with acid etching produced greater bond strength than conditioning by sandblasting associated with acid etching and acid etching only at the third bonding. The bond strength of the metal bracket decreased with increasing bonding attempts, even with the application of enamel surface conditioning methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kinda Sultan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Mohammad Y Hajeer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Ahmad S Burhan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng X, Huang X. Evaluation of the re-bond strength of debonded metal and ceramic brackets following Er: YAG laser treatment. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:710. [PMID: 38902669 PMCID: PMC11188497 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Failure of orthodontic bracket bonds is a common occurrence during orthodontic treatment. This study investigated the impact of Er: YAG laser-based removal of adhesive from the bases of metal and ceramic brackets for re-bonding. METHODS A total of 168 extracted premolars were collected from patients. 84 metal brackets were used to be bonded on the buccal surface of the premolars in Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, while 84 ceramic brackets were applied in Groups I, II, III and IV. Group 1/I represented the initial bonding group, with Group 2/II being the re-bonding group with new brackets, while Groups 3/III and 4/ IV received recycled brackets treated by Er: YAG laser or flaming respectively. Both the first and second de-bonding were performed in all samples using a universal testing machine to determine the shear bond strength (SBS). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was evaluated using a stereo-microscope. The new and the treated bracket bases were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differences in initial bonding and re-bonding ability were analyzed through one-way ANOVAs, and differences in ARI were assessed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Greater amounts of adhesive residue were observed on ceramic brackets treated by laser. The SBS values for recycled metal brackets in Group 3 (26.13 MPa) were comparable to Group 1 (23.62 MPa) whereas they differed significantly from Group 4 (12.54 MPa). No significant differences in these values were observed when comparing the 4 groups with ceramic brackets. ARI score in Group 4 (2-3 points) differed significantly from the three other groups (P < 0.05). For Group I, II, III and IV, similar ARI scores were observed (P > 0.05). SEM analysis didn't show apparent damage of bracket bases consisting of either metal or ceramic material treated by Er: YAG laser. CONCLUSIONS Er: YAG laser treatment was superior to flame treatment as a means of removing adhesive without damaging the brackets. SBS values and ARI scores following Er: YAG laser treatment were similar to those for new brackets, offering further support for Er: YAG laser treatment as a viable means of recycling debonded brackets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowan Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tallani S, Singla R, Singla N, Natarajan M, Kukkila J. Clinical performance of light-cured orthodontic adhesives for bonding brackets - an in-vitro study. F1000Res 2023; 12:1442. [PMID: 38264264 PMCID: PMC10804051 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.141328.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The dental profession is seeing a constant influx of new adhesive systems from manufacturers, each claiming to be more dependable than the last. This study assessed the bond strength and adhesive remnants of different light-cured adhesives used for bonding metal brackets to teeth. Methods 80 extracted maxillary premolars with the sound crown structure were acid etched and bonded with brackets on their buccal surfaces utilizing primer and light-cured adhesives into four equal groups, which are Transbond XT, Heliosit, Enlight, and Bracepaste. Shear bond strength (SBS) for de-bonding the brackets were evaluated with Instron- testing machine after 48 hours. The de-bonded samples' adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were also measured. Results The maximum mean SBS was found for Transbond XT (12.91 ± 2.0 MPa), followed by Bracepaste (12.87 ± 1.59 MPa), Enlight (11.77 ± 1.87 MPa), and lowest for Heliosit (10.93 ± 1.71 MPa). According to the four point scale, adhesive remnant index (ARI), Transbond XT has the least adhesive residue left on the tooth, followed by Heliosit. Enlight and Bracepaste have a similar distribution of adhesive, with both having a maximum amount left. Conclusion It can be inferred that all groups involved demonstrated a satisfactory level of bond strength from a clinical perspective. Transbond XT is the preferred orthodontic adhesive over the other three adhesives due to its superior SBS and ARI properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Tallani
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ritesh Singla
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nishu Singla
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Madhumitha Natarajan
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jayaprakash Kukkila
- Department of Dental material, Biomaterials and Research center, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangaluru, Yenepoya Group, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sobouti F, Etemadi A, Seifi S, Bakhshi M, Chiniforush N, Dadgar S. Comparison of shear bond strength of rebonded brackets prepared with different methods of resin removal: an in vitro study. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2022; 64:938-944. [PMID: 36876573 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.64.e64542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Clinicians and researchers have always made every effort to achieve proper bonding between the surface of the tooth and the rebonded orthodontic brackets in order to prevent the re-fracture failure of orthodontic pressures throughout treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the bond strength of rebonded brackets by four adhesive removal methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Seifi
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Efficacy of Er, Cr: YSGG laser phosphoric acid gel and Riboflavin activated by Photodynamic therapy on enamel reconditioning rebonded to metallic brackets: An Invitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103043. [PMID: 35921974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) and failure percentage of rebonded metallic brackets after employing various enamel-reconditioning methods (37% phosphoric acid, sandblasting, Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and Riboflavin (RF). MATERIAL AND METHODS After sample size calculation, a sum of 40 non-carious, non-traumatically extracted and sound human premolar teeth were collected and the enamel surface was prepped by etching, washing, and drying. The enamel surface was primed with a bonding agent and light cured, later brackets were bonded via composite. After bonding, bracket debonding was begun using a Weingart plier and the enamel surface was reconditioned before rebonding. Samples were divided into four (n=10) reconditioning groups at random and subjected to SB with 90-μm alumina particles group 1, Er, Cr: YSGG laser group 2, 37% PA (control) group 3, and RF group 4 respectively. After reconditioning, brackets were rebonded to the enamel surface via an adhesive system and composite. Later, samples were exposed to the universal testing machine for SBS analysis, and bond failure analysis was performed by using an adhesive remnant index (ARI). Statistical analysis was executed by one-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey multiple comparison tests at a statistically significant level of p ˂ 0.05. RESULTS The SBS analysis showed that the highest SBS of rebounded brackets was exhibited by 37% phosphoric acid (control) and the lowest SBS by sandblasting enamel surface with 90-μm alumina particles for enamel prior rebonding. However, Er, Cr: YSGG laser and RF activated by PDT validated comparable SBS results to control (p>0.05). Contrarily, sandblasting with 90-μm alumina particles showed a statistically significant difference from other analyzed reconditioning groups (p<0.05). Deliberating failure rate analysis by ARI index, the most eminent failures predicted among groups were scored between 0 and 1 except for sandblasting which majorly resulted in a score of 2 showing cohesive type failure. CONCLUSION Chromium-doped erbium, yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser, and Riboflavin activated by photodynamic therapy have the potential to be used as an alternative to 37% phosphoric acid for enamel surface reconditioning before the rebonding metallic bracket.
Collapse
|
6
|
Atmaca Z, Ulusoy M, Ulusoy C. Evaluation of Different Adhesive Resin Removal Methods after Debonding Ceramic Orthodontic Molar Tubes: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. SCANNING 2022; 2022:4853035. [PMID: 36474710 PMCID: PMC9683980 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4853035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate and compare the impacts, bond strength, residual adhesive, and time invested on the enamel surface after debonding of recently introduced ceramic buccal molar tubes with different systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ceramic molar tubes were bonded to fifty-four maxillary molar teeth, and a shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were recorded, and the samples were divided into two groups for adhesive removal with low-speed instruments: tungsten carbide bur or diamond-coated micropolisher point. The time to clean the enamel surfaces was also noted down for each tooth. The enamel surfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) after adhesives were cleaned. Shapiro-Wilk's, Kolmogorov-Smirnov's, and Student's independent t tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The mean SBS value of the tested ceramic molar tubes was 9.78 ± 1.85 MPa, and the majority of the samples were scored as ARI 1 and ARI 2. No statistically significant difference between PoGo micropolisher and TCB was found in terms of time values for surface cleaning. The enamel surface characteristics of TCB for adhesive remnant removal resulted in a better enamel surface than the single-step diamond polisher when the samples were investigated by using SEM. CONCLUSIONS Ceramic molar tubes may be an enamel-safe product for patients seeking for fully aesthetic orthodontic treatment, if used in carefully handled clinical conditions. One-step polishing systems utilised with low-speed instruments could be used confidentially for cleaning the resin remnants on enamel after orthodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Atmaca
- Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mutahhar Ulusoy
- Faculty of Dentistry of Near East University, Department of Prosthodontics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Cagri Ulusoy
- Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vartolomei AC, Serbanoiu DC, Ghiga DV, Moldovan M, Cuc S, Pollmann MCF, Pacurar M. Comparative Evaluation of Two Bracket Systems' Kinetic Friction: Conventional and Self-Ligating. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124304. [PMID: 35744359 PMCID: PMC9229450 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Friction is an intensely studied feature in orthodontics, as the sliding mechanics approach remains one of the most utilized techniques in current practice, and the question of whether self-ligating brackets produce less friction than conventional brackets still stands. The objective of this study was to compare a self-ligating system with different closing mechanisms and a conventional system with different ligating mechanisms regarding their frictional properties. Laboratory measurements were performed using an advanced materials testing machine generating tensile strength and load at maximum Load values, which were statistically analyzed and compared. These two parameters have been associated with the frictional resistance generated at the archwire–bracket slot interface. Statistically significant results were obtained when comparing the active self-ligating brackets with the passive self-ligating (tensile strength mean 1.953, SD 0.4231; load at maximum moad mean 6.000, SD 1.3000) and conventional brackets (tensile strength mean 1.953, SD 0.4231; load at maximum load mean 6.000, SD 1.3000), as well as when comparing the passive self-ligating brackets with the conventional brackets (tensile strength mean 1.708, SD 0.8628; load at maximum load mean 5.254, SD 2.645). The active self-ligating brackets tended to produce more friction when compared to the passive self-ligating brackets but were similar to conventional brackets with stainless steel ligatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurel-Claudiu Vartolomei
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, GEP University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.-C.V.); (D.-C.S.); (D.-V.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Dan-Cosmin Serbanoiu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, GEP University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.-C.V.); (D.-C.S.); (D.-V.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Dana-Valentina Ghiga
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, GEP University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.-C.V.); (D.-C.S.); (D.-V.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Raluca Ripan Chemistry Research Institute, Babes Bolyai University, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Stanca Cuc
- Raluca Ripan Chemistry Research Institute, Babes Bolyai University, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Mariana Pacurar
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, GEP University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.-C.V.); (D.-C.S.); (D.-V.G.); (M.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Grazioli G, Hardan L, Bourgi R, Nakanishi L, Amm E, Zarow M, Jakubowicz N, Proc P, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Residual Adhesive Removal Methods for Rebonding of Debonded Orthodontic Metal Brackets: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206120. [PMID: 34683722 PMCID: PMC8537998 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Debonding of orthodontic brackets is a common occurrence during orthodontic treatment. Therefore, the best option for treating debonded brackets should be indicated. This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength of rebonded brackets after different residual adhesive removal methods. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, SciELO, Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, and BVS databases were screened up to December 2020. Bond strength comparisons were made considering the method used for removing the residual adhesive on the bracket base. A total of 12 studies were included for the meta-analysis. Four different adhesive removal methods were identified: sandblasting, laser, mechanical grinding, and direct flame. When compared with new orthodontic metallic brackets, bond strength of debonded brackets after air abrasion (p = 0.006), mechanical grinding (p = 0.007), and direct flame (p < 0.001) was significantly lower. The use of an erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser showed similar shear bond strength (SBS) values when compared with those of new orthodontic brackets (p = 0.71). The Er:YAG laser could be considered an optimal method for promoting the bond of debonded orthodontic brackets. Direct flame, mechanical grinding, or sandblasting are also suitable, obtaining clinically acceptable bond strength values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Grazioli
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República. Av. General Las Heras 1925, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay;
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon; (L.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Leina Nakanishi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas 96015560, Brazil;
| | - Elie Amm
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | - Maciej Zarow
- “NZOZ SPS Dentist” Dental Clinic and Postgraduate Course Centre—pl. Inwalidow 7/5, 30-033 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (N.J.)
| | - Natalia Jakubowicz
- “NZOZ SPS Dentist” Dental Clinic and Postgraduate Course Centre—pl. Inwalidow 7/5, 30-033 Cracow, Poland; (M.Z.); (N.J.)
| | - Patrycja Proc
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.E.C.-S.); (M.L.-S.); Tel.: +48-42-675-74-61 (M.L.-S.)
| | - Monika Lukomska-Szymanska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (C.E.C.-S.); (M.L.-S.); Tel.: +48-42-675-74-61 (M.L.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ballard RW, Yu Q, Xu X, Armbruster PC, Larsen TC, Coreil MN. Comparison of tensile bond strength of new and rebonded Symetri Clear™ ceramic brackets with Transbond™ XT or BluGloo™, with or without surface treatment: An in vitro study. Int Orthod 2021; 19:252-258. [PMID: 33933416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the bond strength of the Symetri Clear™ bracket after rebonding (reused) for a second and third time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Symetri Clear™ mandibular incisor brackets were bonded to bovine incisors and divided into six experimental groups. Two groups underwent tensile bond strength testing, and the remaining four groups were debonded using the manufacturer's recommended plier. Two groups were rebonded twice following surface preparation with Ortho SoloTM and two groups were rebonded twice without surface preparation. The rebonded brackets also underwent tensile bond strength testing after each rebonding event as well as receiving an Adhesive Remnant Index score. RESULTS One-way ANOVA found a statistically significant difference in bond strength among the six groups (P<0.0001). Tukey's Studentized Range (HSD, honestly significant difference) Test found significant differences in tensile bond strength of groups which did not undergo surface preparation prior to rebonding. One-way ANOVA found a P-value of 0.2563 and thus no significant difference in ARI among the different groups. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference in the tensile bond strength of Symetri ClearTM brackets initially bonded with either Transbond™ XT or BluGloo™ and no significant difference between the initial tensile bond strength and the first or second rebond tensile bond strength. Rebonding Symetri Clear™ brackets without surface treatment did show significantly reduced tensile bond strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Ballard
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Orthodontics, 1100 Florida Avenue, 70119 New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Qingzhao Yu
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Biostatistics, 2020 Gravier Street, 70112 New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Biomaterials, 1100 Florida Avenue, 70119 New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Paul C Armbruster
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Orthodontics, 1100 Florida Avenue, 70119 New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tyrel C Larsen
- Saint-Luke's University, General Practice, 801 Ostrum Street, 18015 Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Mark N Coreil
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Orthodontics, 1100 Florida Avenue, 70119 New Orleans, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Noorollahian S, Zakizade M. Effect of immersion in hydrochloric acid and sodium hypochlorite and autoclave sterilization on the force characteristics of orthodontic nickel-titanium open coils. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:5. [PMID: 34084292 PMCID: PMC8122694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nickel-titanium (NiTi) open coils are common tools in fixed orthodontic treatments to apply light and continuous forces. Their favorable mechanical properties and their relatively high cost have prompted many clinicians to decide to reuse them. AIM The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 10% hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution and sterilization, on the unloading force of NiTi open-coils. MATERIALS AND METHODS This experimental in vitro study consisted of 160 NiTi open coils from two brands of Highland Metals and Masel were provided. Each group was randomly divided into four subgroups: control, three rounds of immersion, three rounds of autoclave sterilization, and three rounds of immersion and autoclaving. Each round of immersion process included 1 min in 10% HCl, followed by 5 min in 5.25% NaClO. Spring was compressed for 4 mm. Then, the unloading forces of each spring were recorded at 4, 3, 2, and 1 mm of compression, respectively. The data were analyzed with SPSS (P < 0.05), using one-way ANOVA and independent t-test. RESULTS One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the 2-mm compression of Group 1 and 3-mm compressions of Groups 1 and 2 compared to the control group in the Highland metals brand (P < 0.04, P < 0.014, and P < 0.007, respectively). There was no significant difference between the different compressed lengths and groups in the Masel brand. CONCLUSION One-minute immersion in 10% HCL and 5-min immersion in 5.25% NaOCl, followed by autoclave sterilization, even after repeating the process three times, did not significantly change the force properties of NiTi open springs. Therefore, the re-use of these springs with the above-mentioned method as preparation can be recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Noorollahian
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Zakizade
- Department of Orthodontics, Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Mehrnaz Zakizade, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zakizade M, Noorollahian S. Effect of immersion in hydrochloric acid and sodium hypochlorite and autoclave sterilization on the force characteristics of orthodontic nickel-titanium open coils. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.310034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
12
|
Use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser for removing remnant adhesive from the enamel surface in rebonding of orthodontic brackets. Odontology 2019; 108:271-279. [PMID: 31452004 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser with the use of adhesive-removing pliers for removing remnant adhesive from the enamel surface. A total of 54 sound premolars were divided into two groups of 27. Each group was assigned one of two adhesive removal systems: the Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and adhesive-removing pliers. Shear bond strength was measured 24 h after bracket bonding, with the bracket bonding/debonding and residual adhesive removal procedures repeated twice after the first adhesive removal. Before the first bonding and after each adhesive removal procedure, the average surface roughness (Ra) of each tooth was measured. Additionally, 14 of the premolars were examined under a scanning electron microscope. There were no significant differences in the shear bond strength between the two removal systems or between the three debonding sequences. There were significant differences in the enamel surface roughness after each removal sequence between the adhesive removal systems, and a significant increase in the enamel surface roughness was noted in each group with successive removal sequences. The scanning electron microscope images revealed evaporation of the primer and adhesive on the enamel surface and laser etching of enamel in the laser removal group, and the remnants of primer and adhesive on the enamel surface after each removal sequence in the plier removal group. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser was useful for removing remnant adhesive from the enamel surface for bracket rebonding.
Collapse
|
13
|
Li Y, Mei L, Wei J, Yan X, Zhang X, Zheng W, Li Y. Effectiveness, efficiency and adverse effects of using direct or indirect bonding technique in orthodontic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:137. [PMID: 31286897 PMCID: PMC6615229 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The direct and indirect bonding techniques are commonly used in orthodontic treatment. The differences of the two techniques deserve evidence-based study. Materials and methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), wherein direct and indirect bonding techniques were used in orthodontic patients were considered. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant articles published up to December 2018. Grey literature was also searched. Two authors performed data extraction independently and in duplicate using the data collection form. The included trials were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Results Of the 1557 studies screened, 42 full articles were scrutinized and assessed for eligibility. Eight RCTs (247 participants) were finally included for the analyses. The qualitative synthesis showed that no significant difference existed in the accuracy of bracket placement and oral hygiene status between the two bonding techniques. The indirect bonding was found to involve less chairside time but more total working time compared with the direct bonding. The meta-analysis on bond failure rate demonstrated no significant difference between the direct and indirect bonding (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.78–1.64, I2 = 22%, P = 0.50). Consistent results were obtained in the subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Weak evidence suggested that the direct and indirect bonding techniques had no significant difference in bracket placement accuracy, oral hygiene status and bond failure rate, for bonding orthodontic brackets. The indirect bonding might require less chairside time but more total working time in comparison with the direct bonding technique. High-quality well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed before a conclusive recommendation could be made. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-019-0831-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Mei
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jieya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road Third Section, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road Third Section, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road Third Section, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 Renmin South Road Third Section, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sha HN, Choi SH, Yu HS, Hwang CJ, Cha JY, Kim KM. Debonding force and shear bond strength of an array of CAD/CAM-based customized orthodontic brackets, placed by indirect bonding- An In Vitro study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202952. [PMID: 30204811 PMCID: PMC6133347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on three-dimensional scanning and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques, customized bracket systems are increasingly used. However, data remain limited regarding customized bracket design, characteristics, and stability. This study was undertaken to evaluate the design, bond strength, and residual adhesives of four different CAD/CAM customized brackets that were attached to human tooth specimens by indirect bonding. Thirty extracted human upper premolars were divided into five groups: Group 1, preadjusted self-ligating labial metal bracket; Group 2, lingual self-ligating metal injection molding customized bracket; Group 3, gold-casted lingual customized bracket; Group 4, labial self-ligating milled customized bracket; Group 5, labial customized resin base bracket. Except in Group 1, premolar specimens were scanned via model scanner, and the images were sent to each manufacturing company to fabricate customized brackets and transfer trays/jigs. Debonding force (DF; N) was measured by Instron universal testing machine and shear bond strength (SBS; MPa) was calculated via dividing DF by bonding area. Adhesive remnants were analyzed via stereo microscopic images. Group 2 (196.90±82.75 N) exhibited significantly higher DF than Group 1 (62.77±12.65 N); other groups exhibited similar DFs, compared with Group 1. No customized bracket groups exhibited significant differences in SBS, relative to Group 1 (6.73±1.36 MPa). However, SBS in Group 5 (11.46±7.22 MPa) was significantly higher than in Group 3 (3.58±2.14 MPa). Group 3 had significantly lower ARI scores than other groups (P<0.05). Customized brackets exhibited large deviations in DF and SBS; all customized bracket systems exhibited DF that was equivalent or superior to that of preadjusted brackets, even when placed by indirect bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Sha
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Seog Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Ju Hwang
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Yul Cha
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Kwang-Mahn Kim
- Department and Research institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS project, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mirhashemi AH, Hosseini MH, Chiniforoush N, Soudi A, Moradi M. Shear Bond Strength of Rebonded Ceramic Brackets Using Four Different Methods of Adhesive Removal. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2018; 15:54-62. [PMID: 29971122 PMCID: PMC6026106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rebonding of isolated brackets is an economic option that can be conducted using available in-office or commercial recycling methods. Nowadays, lasers are known as an efficient modality for composite removal, but there is not much information available about using lasers for removal of adhesive remnants from the ceramic bracket base. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty human premolar teeth were divided into five groups. Samples in all groups were bonded to ceramic brackets. Brackets in four groups were debonded and the remaining adhesive was removed by Er:YAG laser, Er;Cr:YSGG laser, sandblasting or direct flame. After removing adhesives from the tooth surfaces by carbide bur, the recycled brackets were bonded again. in the control group, new ceramic brackets were bonded. Finally, all brackets were debonded by universal testing machine and their shear bond strength (SBS) was measured. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was calculated under a stereomicroscope at ×10 magnification. Data were analyzed using oneway ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS SRS values showed no significant difference among the five groups (P=0.568). The highest SRS was noted in the control group (7.46±1.4 MPa), followed by Er:YAG laser group (7.40±1.24 Mpa) and the lowest was noted in the flame group (6.32±2.3 Mpa). ARI scores indicated that most of the adhesive remained on the tooth surface in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Recycling of ceramic brackets with Er:YAG laser is an efficient in-office method which causes the least damage to the bracket base. However, all methods of bracket recycling showed acceptable SBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mirhashemi
- Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashem Hosseini
- Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforoush
- Researcher, PhD of Laser Dentistry, Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Soudi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Moradi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: M. Moradi, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Poormoradi B, Tamasoki S, Shahbazi A, Hooshyarfard A, Vahdatinia F, Behgozin F, Tapak L. The comparison of two professional prophylaxis systems in plaque removal and debonding of orthodontic brackets. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:414-418. [PMID: 30210190 PMCID: PMC6128127 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_387_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: During orthodontic treatment, patients are expected to undergo consistent periodic prophylaxis as a result of complexities in oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to investigate, analyze, and compare the effectiveness of two professional prophylaxis systems of rubber cup polishing (RCP) and air-powder polishing (APP) in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment based on different levels of plaque and pigment on teeth and the extent of attachment of brackets after prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients were selected for this clinical trial study. A couple of months after the orthodontic treatment, the patients were placed on professional prophylaxis in terms of the plaque index. Randomized cross-arch prophylaxis (right maxilla with left mandible), RCP (left maxilla with right mandible), and APP were carried out on the patients. The main indexes in the study (number of plaque removal and debonding), the work time duration per second, and convenience of patients using visual analog scale in each of the methods were evaluated as minor factors. Data were recorded in a special checklist. Results: The mean of the plaque index and the time spent on RCP were observed to be higher than APP. The average satisfaction rate of patients with RCP was higher than APP. The debonding of the bracket and the tooth was not observed in any of the methods. Conclusion: APP is more efficient than RCP for performing professional prophylaxis of orthodontic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lili Tapak
- Department of Biostatistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Public Health and Modeling, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zarandi A, Novin M. Marginal bone loss around platform-switched and non-platform switched implants after two years of placement: a clinical trial. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2017; 11:26-29. [PMID: 28413592 PMCID: PMC5390122 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2017.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The present study was conducted to investigate the marginal bone loss around two different types of implant‒abutment junctions, called platform-switched (Implantium system) and non-platform switched (XiVE system) after two years of loading. Methods. Sixty-four implants in 49 patients were included in the study. The implants were placed in the posterior mandibular region according to the relevant protocols. The extent of bone loss around the implants was measured and compared after 24 months, using digital parallel periapical radiographs. Results. The means ± SE of bone loss values in the platform-switched and non-platform-switched groups were 0.47 ± 0.048 mm and 1.87 ± 0.124 mm, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Conclusion . The platform-switching technique seems to reduce the periimplant crestal bone resorption, which supports the long-term predictability of implant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zarandi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Samiei M, Ghasemi N, Asl-Aminabadi N, Divband B, Golparvar-Dashti Y, Shirazi S. Zeolite-silver-zinc nanoparticles: Biocompatibility and their effect on the compressive strength of mineral trioxide aggregate. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e356-e360. [PMID: 28298974 PMCID: PMC5347281 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was carried out to evaluate the biocompatibility of zeolite-silver-zinc (Ze-Ag-Zn) nanoparticles and their effect on the compressive strength of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). MATERIAL AND METHODS Biocompatibility was evaluated by an MTT assay on the pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells with 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 5 mg/mL concentrations of Ze-Ag-Zn. For compressive strength test, four groups containing 15 stainless-steel cylinders with an internal diameter of 4 and a height of 6 mm were prepared and MTA (groups 1 and 2) or MTA + 2% Ze-Ag-Zn (groups 3 and 4) were placed in the cylinders. The compressive strength was evaluated using a universal testing machine 4 days after mixing in groups 1 and 3, and 21 days after mixing in groups 2 and 4. RESULTS There was no significant difference between cytotoxicity of different concentrations. The highest (52.22±18.92 MPa) and lowest (19.57±5.76 MPa) compressive strength were observed in MTA group after 21 days and in MTA + 2% Ze-Ag-Zn group after four days, respectively. The effect of time and 2% Ze-Ag-Zn on the compressive strength were significant (P<0.05). Mixing MTA with Ze-Ag-Zn significantly reduced and passage of time from day four to 21 significantly increased the compressive strength. CONCLUSIONS Mixing MTA with 2% Ze-Ag-Zn had an adverse effect on the compressive strength of MTA, but this combination had no cytotoxic effects. Key words:Compressive strength, Cytotoxicity, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Nanoparticle, Zeolite-Silver-Zinc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samiei
- Associate Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Negin Ghasemi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Asl-Aminabadi
- Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Baharak Divband
- Associate Professor, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yasamin Golparvar-Dashti
- Under Graduate Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sajjad Shirazi
- Research Fellow and Lecturer, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|