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Kurtoğlu A, Çar B, Eken Ö, Demir G, Türkmen M, Setiawan E, Alotaibi MH, Elkholi SM. Pes planus level affects counter movement jump performance: A study on amateur male and female volleyball players. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38683. [PMID: 38905375 PMCID: PMC11191913 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pes planus level on counter movement jump (CMJ) performance parameters in amateur female and male volleyball players. In this context, amateur volleyball players aged between 18 and 23 years actively playing in the university school volleyball team were included in the study. Pes planus levels of the participants were analyzed using the navicular drop test (NDT). My Jump Lab application was used for CMJ measurement. Within the scope of CMJ, the participants' jump height, force, relative force, power, relative power, average speed, take-off speed, impulse, and flying time were analyzed. According to the linear regression results between NDT and CMJ parameters, force in males (t = 12.93, P = .049) and average speed in females (t = -3.52, P = .017) were significantly associated with NDT. NDT was similar in men and women (P > .05). However, all CMJ parameters were highly different between genders (P < .001). In the correlation analysis between sport age and physical characteristics and CMJ parameters; height (r = .386, P = .046), weight (r = .569, P = .002), leg length (r = .389, P = .045), foot length (r =. 558, P = .005), foot width (r = .478, P = .018), force (r = .407, P = .039), impulse (r = .460, P = .018) parameters, and sport age. The results suggest that the average speed in females and force in males both significantly influenced NDT, highlighting the significance of both factors in predicting NDT scores. Moreover, all CMJ measures showed significant variations between genders, although the NDT scores did not. Furthermore, the correlation analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between a number of physical attributes and CMJ parameters, highlighting the multifaceted nature of athletic performance and indicating the possible impact of these attributes on CMJ results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Kurtoğlu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Coaching Education, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Bekir Çar
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Coaching Education, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Özgür Eken
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Gözde Demir
- Faculty of Sport Science, Department of Coaching Education, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Musa Türkmen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Teaching, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Edi Setiawan
- Department of physical education, health and recreation, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Suryakancana, Sukabumi, Indonesia
| | - Madawi H. Alotaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safaa Mostafa Elkholi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Salhi A, Ouerghi N, Zouhal H, Baaziz M, Salhi A, Ben Salah FZ, Ben Abderrahman A. The Effect of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Program on Physical Performance and Selected Cardiometabolic Markers in Obese Young Females. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:230. [PMID: 38399518 PMCID: PMC10890563 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Whole-body electromyostimulation is under investigation as a potential aid for obesity-related health problems, supplementing a comprehensive, evidence-based obesity management strategy that includes lifestyle, diet, and exercise. The study investigated the impact of a whole-body electromyostimulation training program on physical performance and cardiometabolic markers in young obese females. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight obese females, aged over 18 years with BMI over 30 and body fat over 28% and no underlying health conditions or medication, were divided into a whole-body electromyostimulation group (15 participants) and a control group (13 participants). The whole-body electromyostimulation program lasted 12 weeks, with two 20 min sessions weekly, using bipolar, rectangular current. Assessments pre and post intervention included body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, C-reactive protein levels, maximal oxygen consumption, and jumping and sprint performance. Two-way ANOVA and t-tests were used for analysis. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant (group × time) interactions for body composition, systolic blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption, jumping and sprint performance, and plasma levels of lipids and C-reactive protein. Post hoc analyses for the whole-body electromyostimulation group indicated improvements in body composition indices (p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.003), maximal oxygen consumption (p = 0.010), and both jumping and 30 m sprint performance (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) after the intervention. Furthermore, plasma levels of lipids (p < 0.01) and C-reactive protein (p = 0.002) showed significant improvements following the training program. In contrast, no significant changes were observed for these variables in the control group. Conclusions: A 12-week whole-body electromyostimulation program significantly improved body composition (skeletal muscle mass, body mass index, body fat, and waist circumference), physical performance (maximal oxygen consumption, jumping and sprint performance), and certain cardiometabolic (plasma level of lipids) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein) in obese young women. Further research is needed to explore the broader effects of whole-body electromyostimulation on physical and cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Salhi
- Department of Medicine Physical and Functional Rehabilitation, National Institute of Orthopedics "M.T. Kassab", Tunis 2010, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of Manouba, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
| | - Nejmeddine Ouerghi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, UR13JS01, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2100, Tunisia
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé)-EA 1274, Université Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), 35850 Irodouer, France
| | - Mohamed Baaziz
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of Manouba, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2100, Tunisia
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS) LR09SEP01, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
| | - Amine Salhi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, LR99ES11, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Zohra Ben Salah
- Department of Medicine Physical and Functional Rehabilitation, National Institute of Orthopedics "M.T. Kassab", Tunis 2010, Tunisia
| | - Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of Manouba, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS) LR09SEP01, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
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Jebabli N, Ouerghi N, Abassi W, Yagin FH, Khlifi M, Boujabli M, Bouassida A, Ben Abderrahman A, Ardigò LP. Acute effect of hydrogen-rich water on physical, perceptual and cardiac responses during aerobic and anaerobic exercises: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded cross-over trial. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1240871. [PMID: 38162831 PMCID: PMC10757640 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1240871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2 gas) dissolved in water to produce Hydrogen-Rich Water. Hydrogen-Rich Water (HRW) is considered as ergogenic aid in different exercise modes. However, acute pre-exercise HRW ingestion effect is unclear regarding athlete performance. This study aimed at investigating acute effect of HRW ingestion on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance. Twenty-two male amateur middle-distance runners volunteered to participate in this study. In a randomized, double-blind study design, all players ingested 500 mL of HRW or placebo (PLA) supplement 30 min before the start of the tests. Over 4 days, maximal aerobic speed of Vameval test (MAS), time to exhaustion at MAS (Tlim), squat jump (SJ), counter-movement jump (CMJ) and five jump test (5JT) were evaluated. Also, rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and peak heart rate (HRpeak) were measured during the aerobic tests. For Vameval test, HRW ingestion improved MAS, HRpeak and RPE compared with the placebo condition. For Tlim test, HRW ingestion demonstrated improvements in time to exhaustion, RPE and HRpeak. However, no significant change was observed between HW and placebo conditions in SJ, CMJ, 5JT. 500 mL of HRW can significantly improve HRpeak, time to exhaustion, RPE, with no significant effect on MAS, jumping performance in amateur endurance athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhal Jebabli
- Research Unit: “Sport Sciences, Health and Movement”, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Nejmeddine Ouerghi
- Research Unit: “Sport Sciences, Health and Movement”, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Rabta Hospital, University of Tunis El Manar, LR99ES11, Tunis, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Wissal Abassi
- Research Unit: “Sport Sciences, Health and Movement”, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Mariem Khlifi
- Research Unit: “Sport Sciences, Health and Movement”, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Manar Boujabli
- Research Unit: “Sport Sciences, Health and Movement”, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Anissa Bouassida
- Research Unit: “Sport Sciences, Health and Movement”, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
- Tunisian Research Laboratory “Sports Performance Optimization”, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS) LR09SEP01, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Luca Paolo Ardigò
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Oslo, Norway
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Fältström A, Kvist J, Hägglund M. Are We Jumping to the Wrong Conclusions? Longer Jumps and More Hops in Female Football Players Who Went on to Sustain a Primary or Secondary ACL Injury Compared to Those Who Did Not. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:105. [PMID: 37947959 PMCID: PMC10638330 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different functional performance tests are used to assess patients in the clinic and before return to sport (RTS), where the rehabilitation goal is to reach good strength and jumping ability. A limb symmetry index of ≥ 90% is a common target in rehabilitation before RTS. The aim of this short communication is to use data from our 2-year prospective cohort study on female football players, either with or without an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, to discuss whether hop performance in 3 commonly used hop tests can inform safe football participation, that is, with a low risk for ACL injury or reinjury. METHOD At baseline, 117 active female football players (mean age ± standard deviation, 20 ± 2 years) were included 19 ± 9 months after ACL reconstruction as well as 119 matched female knee-healthy players (age 19 ± 3 years). All players performed a single hop for distance test, 5-jump test and side hop test at baseline and were then prospectively followed for 2 years. Twenty-eight (24%) players sustained a second ACL injury and 8 (7%) sustained a primary ACL injury. RESULTS Longer jumps in the 5-jump test (922 cm vs. 865 cm, Cohen's d = - 0.60) and more hops in the side hop test for both limbs (41-42 hops vs. 33-36 hops, d = - 0.43 to - 0.60) were seen in players who sustained a second ACL injury compared with those who did not. Longer jumps in the single hop for distance test (both limbs) (139-140 cm vs. 124-125 cm, d = - 0.38 to - 0.44), in the 5-jump test (975 cm vs. 903 cm, d = -0.42) and more hops in the side hop test (both limbs) (48-49 hops vs. 37-38 hops, d = - 0.38 to - 0.47) were seen in players who sustained a primary ACL injury compared with those who did not. CONCLUSIONS The average hop performance, i.e. longer jumps or more hops, was greater in players who went on to sustain a primary or secondary ACL injury compared to those who did not over a two-year follow-up period. Even though hop tests are not used in isolation to evaluate readiness to RTS, their interpretation needs consideration in the decision-making process of returning to pivoting sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fältström
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
- Region Jönköping County, Rehabilitation Centre, Ryhov County Hospital, 551 85, Jönköping, Sweden.
| | - Joanna Kvist
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
- Stockholm Sports Trauma Research Center, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Hägglund
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
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Hammami R, Negra Y, Nebigh A, Ramirez-Campillo R, Moran J, Chaabene H. Preseason Integrative Neuromuscular Training Improves Selected Measures of Physical Fitness in Highly Trained, Youth, Male Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:e384-e390. [PMID: 37235541 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hammami, R, Negra, Y, Nebigh, A, Ramirez-Campillo, R, Moran, J, and Chaabene, H. Preseason integrative neuromuscular training improves selected measures of physical fitness in highly trained, youth, male soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): e384-e390, 2023-This study examined the effects of an 8-week integrative neuromuscular training (INT) program, including balance, strength, plyometric, and change of direction exercises, on measures of physical fitness in youth male soccer players. Twenty-four male soccer players participated in this study. They were randomly allocated into an INT (n = 12; age = 15.7 ± 0.6 years, body height = 179.75 ± 6.54 cm, body mass = 78.20 ± 7.44 kg, maturity-offset = +2.2 ± 0.6 years) or an active control (CG, n = 12; age = 15.4 ± 0.8 years, body height = 178.4 ± 6.4 cm, body mass = 72 ± 8.3 kg, maturity-offset = +1.9 ± 0.7 years) group. Before and after training, tests to measure dynamic balance (Y-Balance test [YBT]), muscle strength (one repetition maximum [1RM]), muscle power (five jump test [FJT], single-leg hop test [SLHT], and countermovement jump [CMJ] height), linear sprint time (10 and 30-m), and change of direction with ball (CoDball) were performed. The analysis of covariance was used to test between-group differences (INT vs. CG) at posttest using baseline values as covariates. Significant, large, between-group differences at posttest were noted for the YBT (p = 0.016; d = 1.1), 1RM (p = 0.011; d = 1.2), FJT (p = 0.027; d = 1.0), SLHT (p = 0.04; d = 1.4), CMJ height (p < 0.001; d = 1.9), 10-m sprint (p < 0.01; d = 1.6), and CoDball (p < 0.05; d = 0.9) in favor of the INT group. Significant moderate-to-large pre-to-post changes were detected in the INT group for YBT, 1RM, CMJ height, SLHT, FJT, 10-m and 30-m sprint time, and CoDball test (d = 0.7 to 3.07, p < 0.05). No significant pre-to-post changes were observed in the CG (p > 0.05), except for 10-m sprint time (d = 1.3; p < 0.05). Exposure to INT twice weekly is effective and time efficient to improve various measures of physical fitness in highly trained youth male soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raouf Hammami
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motor Skills, Sports and Health (EM2S, UR15JS01), Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) «Sports Performance, Health & Society», Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, Universite de la Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Negra
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) «Sports Performance, Health & Society», Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, Universite de la Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Amar Nebigh
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motor Skills, Sports and Health (EM2S, UR15JS01), Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) «Sports Performance, Health & Society», Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, Universite de la Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, Research Focus Cognition Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; and
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
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Fältström A, Hägglund M, Kvist J, Mendonça LD. Risk Factors for Sustaining a Second ACL Injury after Primary ACL Reconstruction in Female Football Players: A Study Investigating the Effects of Follow-Up Time and the Statistical Approach. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:29. [PMID: 37171507 PMCID: PMC10182191 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies evaluating risk factors for sustaining an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury have different, sometimes contrasting, results. Different follow-up times and statistical approaches may be a reason for these differences. The aim of this study was to explore if different follow-up times and statistical approaches, classification and regression tree (CART) analysis and Cox regression, would impact on the association between various candidate risk factors and ACL injury in female football players. In total, 112 active female football players, 18 ± 8 months after ACL reconstruction (mean age ± SD, 20 ± 2 years), were included and followed for at least 36 months. At baseline, all players underwent assessment of range of motion of knee and ankle joints, functional tests, and answered questionnaires regarding knee function, psychological and personality traits. Nineteen independent variables were included for the CART analysis and for univariable Cox regression and compared using four different follow-up times: 0-12, 0-24, 0-36, and 0->36 months. RESULTS Forty-three (38%) players sustained a second ACL injury. The identified risk factors varied depending on follow-up time both with CART analysis and with Cox regression. CART identified 12 of the 19 independent variables and selected between 5 and 6 of the variables in the four different follow-up times associated with second ACL injury. The accuracy of the different follow-up times for the CART varied between 86 and 93% with 77-96% sensitivity and 70-81% specificity. Cox regression identified two risk factors: knee extension at 0-36 months and 0->36 months, and time between primary injury and surgery at 0->36 months. The accuracy varied between 54 and 64% with 44-88% sensitivity and 32-71% specificity. CONCLUSIONS The identified risk factors associated with a second ACL injury varied depending on the follow-up time and statistical approach used. Thus, in future research on risk factors, the time athletes are followed up and the type of statistical methods used are important to discuss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fältström
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
- Region Jönköping County, Rehabilitation Centre, Ryhov County Hospital, 551 85, Jönköping, Sweden.
| | - Martin Hägglund
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joanna Kvist
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
- Stockholm Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine & Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Luciana D Mendonça
- Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Versloot O, Blokzijl J, Timmer M, Schuuring M, van Galen K, Kremer Hovinga I, van der Valk P, van Vulpen L, Schutgens R, van Koppenhagen C, van der Net J, Fischer K. Can motor proficiency testing predict sports injuries and sports-induced bleeds in people with haemophilia? Haemophilia 2023; 29:864-873. [PMID: 36867666 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Predicting the risk of sports injuries and sports-induced bleeds (SIBs) in people with haemophilia (PWH) may support clinical counselling. AIM To assess the association between motor proficiency testing and sports injuries and SIBs and to identify a specific set of tests for predicting injury risk in PWH. METHODS In a single centre, prospective study male PWH aged 6-49 playing sports ≥1x/week were tested for running speed and agility, balance, strength and endurance. Test results below -2Z were considered poor. Sports injuries and SIBs were collected for 12 months while 7 days of physical activity (PA) for each season was registered with accelerometers. Injury risk was analysed according to test results and type of physical activity (%time walking, cycling, running). Predictive values for sports injuries and SIBs were determined. RESULTS Data from 125 PWH (mean [± SD] age: 25 [± 12], 90% haemophilia A; 48% severe, 95% on prophylaxis, median factor level: 2.5 [IQR 0-15]IU/dl) were included. Few participants (n = 19, 15%) had poor scores. Eighty-seven sports injuries and 26 SIBs were reported. Poor scoring participants reported 11/87 sports injuries and 5/26 SIBs. The current tests were poor predictors of sports injuries (Range PPV: 0%-40%), or SIBs (PPV: 0%-20%). PA type was not associated with season (activity seasonal p values > .20) and type of PA was not associated with sports injuries or SIBs (Spearman's rho < .15). CONCLUSION These motor proficiency- and endurance tests were unable to predict sports injuries or SIBs in PWH, potentially due to few PWH with poor results and low numbers of sports injuries and SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav Versloot
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiotherapy, Institute of Movement Studies, University of Applied Science, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Blokzijl
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Merel Timmer
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Schuuring
- Center for Child Development, Exercise and Physical Literacy, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karin van Galen
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Idske Kremer Hovinga
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul van der Valk
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lize van Vulpen
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roger Schutgens
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Janjaap van der Net
- Center for Child Development, Exercise and Physical Literacy, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kathelijn Fischer
- Center for Benign Haematology, Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Hammami M, Ben Ayed K, Ali A, Zouita S, Marzougui H, Moran J, Clark C, Mekni R, Zouhal H. The effects of a soccer season on anthropometric characteristics, physical fitness, and soccer skills in North African elite female youth soccer players. Sci Sports 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Brini S, Boullosa D, Calleja-González J, Ramirez-Campillo R, Nobari H, Castagna C, Clemente FM, Ardigò LP. Neuromuscular and balance adaptations following basketball-specific training programs based on combined drop jump and multidirectional repeated sprint versus multidirectional plyometric training. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283026. [PMID: 36921008 PMCID: PMC10016698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidirectional jumping and repeated sprint ability are crucial performance factors in basketball. The main aim of this investigation was to examine the neuromuscular performance and body balance adaptations following basketball-specific combined training programs based on drop jump and multidirectional repeated sprint versus multidirectional plyometric training. Forty-two professional basketball male players participated in the current investigation and were randomly assigned to three groups: a combined group (COMB; n = 14), a multidirectional jump group (MJG; n = 14) and an active control group (CON; n = 14). The COMB and the MJG groups completed the 8-week training programs with two weekly sessions while the CON continued their usual training. The static and dynamic balance tests, the repeated sprint ability test (IRSA5COD), the T-change of direction (CoD) test, the vertical jump tests, the five time-jump test (FJT) were performed by participants before and after the intervention period. The results showed a significant main effect of time with remarkable improvements at the end of the intervention (P < 0.001, effect size small/moderate) except the physiological parameters for IRSA5COD. Only, significant group × time interactions for body balance, T-CoD test, IRSA5COD (total time and best time), and jump tests were found (P < 0.001, effect size from trivial to moderate). Bonferroni corrected post-hoc tests revealed significantly greater improvement in favor of COMB compared to MJG for body balance, CoD and IRSA5COD (P < 0.005, effect size small/moderate). Otherwise, no significant differences between COMB and MJG concerning jump performances were found. Combined drop jump and multidirectional repeated sprint training program lead to significantly better neuromuscular performance, body balance and CoD in professional basketball players when compared with an usual training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seifeddine Brini
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
- * E-mail: (SB); (HN); (LPA)
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Julio Calleja-González
- Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Santiago, Chile
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Motor Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, Braşov, Romania
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- * E-mail: (SB); (HN); (LPA)
| | - Carlo Castagna
- School of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Fitness Training and Biomechanics Laboratory, Italian Football Federation (FIGC), Technical Department, Florence, Italy
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), Melgaço, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luca Paolo Ardigò
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail: (SB); (HN); (LPA)
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Guembri MA, Racil G, Dhouibi MA, Coquart J, Souissi N. Evaluation of Age Based-Sleep Quality and Fitness in Adolescent Female Handball Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:330. [PMID: 36612652 PMCID: PMC9819720 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the differences in sleep hygiene, balance, strength, agility, and maximum aerobic speed (MAS) between two groups of female handball players aged under 14 (U14) and under 17 (U17) years. Seventy-two female handball players participated and were divided into two groups according to age: U14 (n = 36, age: 13.44 ± 0.5 years) and U17 (n = 36, age: 15.95 ± 0.76 years). Sleep hygiene was evaluated using three questionnaires: Sleep quality and sleepiness via the Pittsburgh (PSQI) and Epworth (ESS) questionnaires, and the insomnia questionnaire via the measurement of the insomnia severity index (ISI). Physical fitness was evaluated with the stork balance tests with eyes open (OEB) and closed (CEB), the vertical jump (SJ), horizontal jump (SBJ), and five jump (FJT) tests, the agility (t-test) and the maximum aerobic speed (MAS) tests. No significant differences were shown between U14 and U17 players in all PSQI, ISI, and ESS scores, and balance and strength performances. Meanwhile, the U17 players’ performances were significant better in agility quality (p = 0.003 < 0.01) and MAS (p = 0.05) compared to the U14 players. Biological gender specificity during the maturation phase may inhibit the improvement of balance, and strength performances between the age of 13 and 17 years, while agility and MAS performances are more affected by age alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alaeddine Guembri
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Ghazi Racil
- Research Unit 17JS01 (Sport Performance, Health & Society), Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, Manouba, Tunis 2010, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed-Ali Dhouibi
- Laboratory of Clinical Psychology: Intersubjectivity and Culture, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tunis, Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Jeremy Coquart
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369-URePSSS-Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Lille, France
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Research Unit: Physical Activity, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
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11
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Ouertatani Z, Selmi O, Marsigliante S, Aydi B, Hammami N, Muscella A. Comparison of the Physical, Physiological, and Psychological Responses of the High-Intensity Interval (HIIT) and Small-Sided Games (SSG) Training Programs in Young Elite Soccer Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13807. [PMID: 36360687 PMCID: PMC9655920 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval (HIIT) and small-sided games (SSG) training programs on physiological and psychological responses in young soccer players. Twenty-four male soccer players (age 16.7 ± 0.9 years) were divided into two groups (HIIT and SSG) and completed a 6-week training programs consisting of two training sessions a week. HIIT consisted of intermittent runs lasting 15 s at the 110% maximum aerobic speed followed by a passive recovery lasting 15 s; SSG was instead structured in a 4 versus 4 players games on a playing field of 25 × 35 m. The muscular power of the lower body was assessed before and after each training session using the 5-jump test to leg length, and two incremental field tests (VAMEVAL test and modified agility t-test). Our results show that HIIT and SSG have similar beneficial effects on the variables connected to the soccer-specific performance and the endurance with little influence on neuromuscular performances. Psychological responses were assessed using the "physical activity enjoyment scale", the Hooper index and the POMS variables. Results showed that SSG offers greater perceived enjoyment than what can be achieved with HIIT. In conclusion, SSG can be considered an effective, more motivating, and fun soccer-specific training that brings about physiological responses and neuromuscular adjustments in young soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Ouertatani
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Okba Selmi
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Bilel Aydi
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Nadhir Hammami
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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12
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Brini S, Boullosa D, Calleja-González J, van den Hoek DJ, Nobari H, Clemente FM. Impact of combined versus single-mode training programs based on drop jump and specific multidirectional repeated sprint on bio-motor ability adaptations: a parallel study design in professional basketball players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:160. [PMID: 36002872 PMCID: PMC9404599 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00551-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Jumping and specific multidirectional repeated sprint ability are important in basketball. The objective of this study was to assess the contributions of 8-week combined versus single-mode training programs based on drop jump (DJ) and specific multidirectional repeated sprint (MRSA) on repeated sprint ability performances, body balance and lower limbs power in male professional basketball players. Methods This study followed a randomized parallel study design. Fifty-two professional male basketball players from the Tunisian first division participated in this study. The players were randomly assigned to 4 groups: DJ group (JG; n = 13), MRSA group (RSG; n = 13), combined group (COMB; n = 13) and an active control group (CON; n = 13). The JG, RSG and COMB groups completed the 8-week training programs with 2 sessions per week while the CON continues their regular basketball training. Training volume was similar between groups all over the experimental period. Before and after the intervention, the four groups were evaluated for the stork test, Y-balance test, the repeated sprint ability test (IRSA5COD), the squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests, the single leg drop jump test, the five time-jump test and T—change of direction (CoD) test. Results All measures displayed significant main effect, (medium/small) magnitude (effect size) improvements for time (post-test > pre-test) except the physiological parameters for IRSA5COD. Significant time × group interactions were revealed for body balance, T test, IRSA5COD (total time and best time) and jump tests (vertical/horizontal). Bonferroni corrected post-hoc tests revealed significant greater improvement in favor of RSG and COMB compared to JG for body balance, CoD and IRSA5COD. Moreover, greater improvement in CMJ, SJ and single leg DJ in favor of JG compared to the RSG. In addition, a greater CoD improvement was observed in favor of COMB when compared to the RSG. Conclusion Combined and single-mode training programs based on DJ and MRSA contributed to a significantly better performance in specific basketball physical fitness parameters with results favoring combined interventions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-022-00551-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seifeddine Brini
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.,College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Julio Calleja-González
- Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniel J van den Hoek
- School of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367, Iran. .,Department of Motor Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, 500068, Braşov, Romania. .,Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto E Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana Do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial eComercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.,Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320, Melgaço, Portugal.,Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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Martínez-Sebastián C, Molina-García C, Ramos-Petersen L, Gijón-Noguerón G, Evans AM. Evaluation of the Relationship between Lower Limb Hypermobility and Ankle Muscle Strength in a Paediatric Population: Protocol for a Cross Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127264. [PMID: 35742512 PMCID: PMC9223762 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The methodological heterogeneity in paediatric foot studies does not entail a stable foundation on which to focus the diagnosis and treatment of the various childhood foot problems. For this reason, the use of highly reliable tests is essential to find relationships and to establish a basis to guide the following studies. The main objective proposed in this cross-sectional observational study protocol is to examine the relationship between hypermobility (Lower Limb Assessment Score and Beighton score) and ankle muscle strength in different types of feet. The second objective is to describe the relationship between physical activity tests in children, and to compare with foot type and ankle muscle strength. The Strengthening Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) criteria will be followed. The hypermobility, posture, strength and physical condition tests will be analyzed through three stations, each one directed by a single specialist in paediatric podiatry. The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia CE112104. The results will be disseminated regardless of the magnitude or direction of effect. Intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability will be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Sebastián
- Nursing and Podiatry, Universidad de Malaga Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, 29071 Malaga, Andalucía, Spain; (C.M.-S.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Cristina Molina-García
- Department of Podiatry, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Laura Ramos-Petersen
- Department of Podiatry, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jeronimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Gabriel Gijón-Noguerón
- Nursing and Podiatry, Universidad de Malaga Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, 29071 Malaga, Andalucía, Spain; (C.M.-S.); (G.G.-N.)
- Department of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Andalucía, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomedica de Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, Andalucía, Spain
| | - Angela Margaret Evans
- Discipline of Podiatry, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia;
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14
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Leppänen M, Uotila A, Tokola K, Forsman-Lampinen H, Kujala UM, Parkkari J, Kannus P, Pasanen K, Vasankari T. Players with high physical fitness are at greater risk of injury in youth football. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022; 32:1625-1638. [PMID: 35621388 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate physical fitness, football-specific skills, and their association with injury risk in youth football. Altogether 447 male and female players aged 9-14 years (median 12 years) participated in performance tests and prospective follow-up. The physical fitness tests included five-jump test for distance, 30-m sprint, football-specific figure of eight agility, countermovement jump, and Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test level 1. The football-specific skill tests included dribbling and passing tests. Injuries and exposure were registered during the 20-week follow-up. Our candidate risk factors were low/high level of physical fitness measured with a composite score of physical fitness tests and low/high level of football-specific skills measured with a composite score of dribbling and passing tests. Secondarily, we investigated performance in individual tests and their association with injury risk. During the follow-up, players reported 565 injuries (264 acute and 301 overuse injuries). High level of physical fitness was associated with increased rate of all injuries (age-, sex-, and mean team exposure-adjusted IRR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04-1.58). The level of football-specific skills had no influence on the overall injury rate. Burden of overuse injuries, but not acute injuries was significantly higher in most fit players compared with the players in the reference group (IRR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.04-4.24). In conclusion, most fit players were at greater risk of sustaining injuries in youth competitive football.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Leppänen
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland.,Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aliisa Uotila
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Urho M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pekka Kannus
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kati Pasanen
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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15
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Aloui A, Tayech A, Mejri MA, Makhlouf I, Clark CCT, Granacher U, Zouhal H, Ben Abderrahman A. Reliability and Validity of a New Taekwondo-Specific Change-of-Direction Speed Test With Striking Techniques in Elite Taekwondo Athletes: A Pilot Study. Front Physiol 2022; 13:774546. [PMID: 35557973 PMCID: PMC9086405 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.774546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminative validity of a new taekwondo-specific change-of-direction (COD) speed test with striking techniques (TST) in elite taekwondo athletes. Twenty (10 males and 10 females) elite (athletes who compete at national level) and top-elite (athletes who compete at national and international level) taekwondo athletes with an average training background of 8.9 ± 1.3 years of systematic taekwondo training participated in this study. During the two-week test-retest period, various generic performance tests measuring COD speed, balance, speed, and jump performance were carried out during the first week and as a retest during the second week. Three TST trials were conducted with each athlete and the best trial was used for further analyses. The relevant performance measure derived from the TST was the time with striking penalty (TST-TSP). TST-TSP performances amounted to 10.57 ± 1.08 s for males and 11.74 ± 1.34 s for females. The reliability analysis of the TST performance was conducted after logarithmic transformation, in order to address the problem of heteroscedasticity. In both groups, the TST demonstrated a high relative test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients and 90% compatibility limits were 0.80 and 0.47 to 0.93, respectively). For absolute reliability, the TST’s typical error of measurement (TEM), 90% compatibility limits, and magnitudes were 4.6%, 3.4 to 7.7, for males, and 5.4%, 3.9 to 9.0, for females. The homogeneous sample of taekwondo athletes meant that the TST’s TEM exceeded the usual smallest important change (SIC) with 0.2 effect size in the two groups. The new test showed mostly very large correlations with linear sprint speed (r = 0.71 to 0.85) and dynamic balance (r = −0.71 and −0.74), large correlations with COD speed (r = 0.57 to 0.60) and vertical jump performance (r = −0.50 to −0.65), and moderate correlations with horizontal jump performance (r = −0.34 to −0.45) and static balance (r = −0.39 to −0.44). Top-elite athletes showed better TST performances than elite counterparts. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the TST effectively discriminated between top-elite and elite taekwondo athletes. In conclusion, the TST is a valid, and sensitive test to evaluate the COD speed with taekwondo specific skills, and reliable when considering ICC and TEM. Although the usefulness of the TST is questioned to detect small performance changes in the present population, the TST can detect moderate changes in taekwondo-specific COD speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Aloui
- M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé)-EA 1274, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Amel Tayech
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Arbi Mejri
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Issam Makhlouf
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization", National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé)-EA 1274, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, France
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16
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Resisted sprint training with partner towing improves explosive force and sprint performance in young soccer players - a pilot study. Biol Sport 2022; 39:379-387. [PMID: 35309532 PMCID: PMC8919874 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.103574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of non-resisted (NRS) and partner-towing resisted (RS) sprint training on legs explosive force, sprint performance and sprint kinematic parameters. Sixteen young elite soccer players (age 16.6 ± 0.2 years, height 175.6 ± 5.7 cm, and body mass 67.6 ± 8.2 kg) were randomly allocated to two training groups: resisted sprint RS (n = 7) and non-resisted sprint NRS (n = 9). The RS group followed a six-week sprint training programme consisting of two "sprint training sessions" per week in addition to their usual soccer training. The NRS group followed a similar sprint training programme, replicating the distances of sprints but without any added resistance. All players were assessed before and after training: vertical and horizontal jumping (countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and 5-jump test (5JT)), 30 m sprint performance (5, 10, and 20 m split times), and running kinematics (stride length and frequency). In the RS group significant (p < 0.05) changes were: decreased sprint time for 0-5 m, 0-10 m and 0-30 m (-6.31, -5.73 and -2.00%; effect size (ES) = 0.70, 1.00 and 0.41, respectively); higher peak jumping height (4.23% and 3.59%; ES = 0.35 and 0.37, for SJ and CMJ respectively); and 5JT (3.10%; ES = 0.44); and increased stride frequency (3.96%; ES = 0.76). In the NRS group, significant (p < 0.05) changes were: decreased sprint time at 0-30 m (-1.34%, ES = 0.33) and increased stride length (1.21%; ES = 0.17). RS training (partner towing) for six weeks in young soccer players showed more effective performances in sprint, stride frequency and lower-limb explosive force, while NRS training improved sprint performance at 0-30 m and stride length. Consequently, coaches and physical trainers should consider including RS training as part of their sprint training to ensure optimal sprint performance.
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17
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Speed, Change of Direction Speed, and Lower Body Power in Young Athletes and Nonathletes According to Maturity Stage. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9020242. [PMID: 35204962 PMCID: PMC8870187 DOI: 10.3390/children9020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the role of maturation on the development of physical performance in adolescent athletes and nonathletes. The total studied sample consisted of 231 participants (131 athletes: 72 boys with an average chronological age of 13.53 ± 0.7 and 59 girls with an average chronological age of 11.97 ± 0.8; 100 nonathletes: 47 boys with an average chronological age of 13.73 ± 0.47 and 53 girls with an average chronological age of 11.93 ± 0.33), distributed according to their biological maturity stage (Pre-, Mid-, and Post-Peak Height Velocity [PHV]) and to their gender. The assessment of physical performance was performed using the following tests: Countermovement jump (CMJ), countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJA), squat jump (SJ), five-jump test (5JT), 5 m sprint (5 m), 10 m sprint (10 m), 20 m sprint (20 m), T-test, Zig Zag, and Slalom. The differences in athletes according to biological maturity were identified in all variables except for 5 m (p = 0.33) and Slalom (p = 0.07), while in nonathletes the differences were found in 5JT (p = 0.01), 5 m (p = 0.02), 10 m (p = 0.01), and 20 m (p = 0.01) tests. Additionally, a significant interaction of gender and biological maturity was detected for CMJ (p = 0.03), CMJA (p = 0.01), and Zig Zag (p = 0.05) in athletes. The findings of the current study confirm the importance of maturity status in the assessment of physical performance. As a consequence, a more rational selection of talented athletes could be provided, also enabling the timely development of physical performance in nonathletes as a “window of opportunity”.
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Ben Mansour G, Kacem A, Ishak M, Grélot L, Ftaiti F. The effect of body composition on strength and power in male and female students. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:150. [PMID: 34839825 PMCID: PMC8628437 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to determine and to compare the effect of sex differences in percentage of body fat on the strength and power performances of the legs and arms during short maximal exercise. METHODS 72 male and 64 female students aged 20 to 23 years were enrolled in this study. After assessing their morphological characteristics (body mass, height and percentage of fat mass), a squat jump test (SJ), a 5 successive jump test (5JT), a hand gripping (HG) and back strength (BS) tests have been conducted for each subject. Male students were re-tested after being weighed down with a weight equivalent to the mean differences in body fat recorded between the two sexes in the form of a loaded worn vest. RESULTS Male are 15.7% heavier and 7.4% taller and presented a percentage of fat mass (17.2 ± 1.8%) significantly (p < 0.001) lower than that of women subject (25.0 ± 2.5%) (difference male vs female for fat mass: -45.5%). HG, BS, 5JT and SJ performances were significantly higher in males (44 ± 5 kg, 141 ± 2 kg, 11 ± 1 m and 32.4 ± 2,7 cm, respectively) than in females (31.0 ± 4 kg, 81.6 ± 13 kg, 8.7 ± 0.7 m and 21.1 ± 1.9 cm, respectively). In the control (unloaded) condition, the relative difference between males and females represented 23.5% and 34.7% of the male performances for 5JT and SJ, respectively. In the weighted condition, the relative difference between weighted males and females still represented 11.7% and 23.8% of the weighted male performances for 5JT and SJ, respectively. Cancelling the sex difference in fat mass by adding weight in males reduced by 50.1% the sex difference during 5JT and 31.4% and 71.7% for hight and power results, respectively during SJ test. CONCLUSION During short and maximal exercise, male performed better with their hands, back and legs than female students. Excess fat for female students has a disadvantageous effect on vertical and horizontal jumps performances. The persistence of sex differences after weighting of male students indicates that body fat is responsible for 30 to 70% of the observed differences between sexes performances and power outcomes during jump tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassen Ben Mansour
- Department of Physiology and Functional Explorations, IBN EL JAZZAR Medicine Faculty, Sousse, Tunisia.,Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Ksar-Said, Tunisia
| | - Asma Kacem
- Department of Physiology and Functional Explorations, IBN EL JAZZAR Medicine Faculty, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ishak
- Sports Training Department, Dubai Police Academy, Dubai, UAE
| | - Laurent Grélot
- Aix-Marseille University Institute of Technology, dept HSE, 13708 La Ciotat & HIA Laveran, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Foued Ftaiti
- Department of Physiology and Functional Explorations, IBN EL JAZZAR Medicine Faculty, Sousse, Tunisia. .,Sports Training Department, Dubai Police Academy, Dubai, UAE. .,Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Central University, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Katsumata K, Aoki K. Jumping ability is related to change of direction ability in elite handball players. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2021; 60:102575. [PMID: 34311207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2021.102575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the relationship between vertical and horizontal jumping ability and change of direction (COD) to measure athletic performance in 51 elite male handball players. SCOPE Countermovement jump (CMJ), peak power, and standing long jump (SLJ) were measured. Participants performed a 20-m sprint test (time measured at 5, 10, and 20 m) and a zigzag test (COD: 135°, 90°, and 45°). The COD deficit, an index of the time required for COD, was calculated. The correlations between CMJ height and zigzag test times were relatively large (at 135°, r = - 0.607; at 90°, r = - 0.594; at 45°, r = - 0.613; p < 0.01), whereas those between CMJ height and COD deficit were moderate (at 135°, r = - 0.399, p < 0.01; at 90°, r = - 0.350, p < 0.05; at 45°, r = - 0.323, p < 0.05). SLJ showed a negative moderate correlation with COD deficit (at 135°, r = - 0.439, p < 0.01; at 90°, r = - 0.469, p < 0.01; at 45°, r = - 0.380, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to analyse SLJ ability and COD deficit parameters of handball players. We found that SLJ ability is moderately related to COD time and deficit; therefore, SLJ measurement may be a useful predictor of athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Katsumata
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
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20
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Sariati D, Hammami R, Zouhal H, Clark CCT, Nebigh A, Chtara M, Chortane SG, Hackney AC, Souissi N, Granacher U, Ounis OB. Improvement of Physical Performance Following a 6 Week Change-of-Direction Training Program in Elite Youth Soccer Players of Different Maturity Levels. Front Physiol 2021; 12:668437. [PMID: 34108886 PMCID: PMC8181750 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.668437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Change-of-direction (CoD) is a necessary physical ability of a field sport and may vary in youth players according to their maturation status. Objectives: The aim of this study is: to compare the effectiveness of a 6-week CoD training intervention on dynamic balance (CS-YBT), horizontal jump (5JT), speed (10 and 30-m linear sprint times), CoD with (15 m-CoD + B) and without (15 m-CoD) the ball, in youth male soccer players at different levels of maturity [pre- and post-peak height velocity (PHV)]. Materials and Methods: Thirty elite male youth soccer players aged 10-17 years from the Tunisian first division participated in this study. The players were divided into pre- (G1, n = 15) and post-PHV (G2, n = 15) groups. Both groups completed a similar 6-week training program with two sessions per week of four CoD exercises. All players completed the following tests before and after intervention: CS-YBT; 5 JT; 10, 30, and 15 m-CoD; and 15 m-CoD + B, and data were analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: All 30 players completed the study according to the study design and methodology. Adherence rate was 100% across all groups, and no training or test-related injuries were reported. Pre-PHV and post-PHV groups showed significant amelioration post-intervention for all dependent variables (after test > before test; p < 0.01, d = 0.09-1.51). ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction only for CS-YBT (F = 4.45; p < 0.04; η2 = 0.14), 5JT (F = 6.39; p < 0.02; η2 = 0.18), and 15 m-CoD (F = 7.88; p < 0.01; η2 = 0.22). CS-YBT, 5JT, and 15 m-CoD improved significantly in the post-PHV group (+ 4.56%, effect size = 1.51; + 4.51%, effect size = 1.05; and -3.08%, effect size = 0.51, respectively), more than the pre-PHV group (+ 2.77%, effect size = 0.85; + 2.91%, effect size = 0.54; and -1.56%, effect size = 0.20, respectively). Conclusion: The CoD training program improved balance, horizontal jump, and CoD without the ball in male preadolescent and adolescent soccer players, and this improvement was greater in the post-PHV players. The maturity status of the athletes should be considered when programming CoD training for soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsaf Sariati
- Tunisian Research Laboratory, Sport Performance Optimization, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of La Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Raouf Hammami
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of La Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia.,Research Laboratory: "Education, Motricity, Sports and Health" (UR 15JS01), Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- University of Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé), Rennes, France
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ammar Nebigh
- Tunisian Research Laboratory, Sport Performance Optimization, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.,Research Laboratory: "Education, Motricity, Sports and Health" (UR 15JS01), Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mokhtar Chtara
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of La Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Sabri Gaied Chortane
- Tunisian Research Laboratory, Sport Performance Optimization, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anthony C Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Omar Ben Ounis
- Tunisian Research Laboratory, Sport Performance Optimization, National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, University of La Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
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21
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Fältström A, Kvist J, Bittencourt NFN, Mendonça LD, Hägglund M. Clinical Risk Profile for a Second Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Female Soccer Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:1421-1430. [PMID: 33856914 DOI: 10.1177/0363546521999109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of a second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury when participating in pivoting sports after ACL reconstruction is high. Risk factors associated with a second ACL injury are complex. PURPOSE To investigate the combinations of various clinical risk factors associated with second ACL injury in female soccer players with a primary unilateral ACL reconstruction, using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS A total of 117 active female soccer players (mean ± SD age, 20 ± 2 years) were included. Athletes were enrolled 19 ± 9 months after ACL reconstruction and were prospectively followed for 2 years. At baseline, all players underwent assessment of knee and ankle joint range of motion (ROM), participated in functional tests (postural control, hop performance, and movement asymmetries in the lower limbs and trunk), and answered questionnaires (patient-reported knee function, knee-related quality of life, psychological and personality factors). A clinical prediction model using CART was developed. RESULTS A total of 28 players (24%) sustained a second ACL injury (21 ipsilateral and 7 contralateral ruptures) while playing soccer. CART analysis selected 9 of 19 independent variables associated with second ACL injury: the 5-jump test, knee collapse on the non-ACL reconstructed leg in a drop vertical jump, tuck jump, limb symmetry index on side hop and the single hop for distance, side difference in ankle dorsiflexion ROM, and scores for the questionnaires ACL-Return to Sport After Injury and the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality subscales of Stress Susceptibility and Adventure Seeking. The accuracy of the model was 89%, with 100% sensitivity and 76% specificity. CART analysis indicated that the interaction of longer jumps in the 5-jump test (>916 cm) with more side difference in ankle dorsiflexion ROM (>-2.5°) and more knee valgus collapse in the nonreconstructed knee (>-1.4 cm) (relative risk, 4.03; 95% CI, 2.21-7.36) best predicted an increased likelihood of a second ACL injury. CONCLUSION The risk profiles selected by CART could accurately identify female soccer players at high risk for a second ACL injury. There was an interaction between functional performance, clinical assessment, and psychological factors, and it is reasonable to include these factors in return-to-sport decisions and in athlete screening after ACL injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fältström
- Region Jönköping County, Rehabilitation Centre, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden.,Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joanna Kvist
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Natalia F N Bittencourt
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Uni-BH University Center, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana D Mendonça
- Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Martin Hägglund
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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22
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Nichols IA, Szivak TK. Effects of Different Hand Widths on Plyometric Push-up Performance. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:S80-S83. [PMID: 31022103 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Nichols, IA and Szivak, TK. Effects of different hand widths on plyometric push-up performance. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S80-S83, 2021-The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hand width placement during the performance of plyometric push-ups. Ten male subjects (age: 24.14 ± 2.79 years, height: 178.14 ± 5.21 cm, and body mass: 91.55 ± 6.04 kg) performed 2 plyometric push-ups at 120, 150, and 170% of the subject's biacromial width (6 total push-ups) in a randomized order. Height (H), peak force (pF), peak power (pP), and rate of power development data were collected using a force plate. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance showed no significant differences in performance measures across all hand widths. A secondary analysis using a mixed-effects linear regression model was performed due to the small sample size. Regression analysis showed a significant difference in pF (p < 0.05) between 120 and 170% hand widths. Study results suggest that although upper-body (UB) power output seems to be similar across varying hand widths, UB force development (pF) may be significantly affected by hand width during the plyometric push-up. Study results suggest that hand-width placement may impact plyometric performance measures and should be considered if the plyometric push-up is used to assess an individual's UB power. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the effects of varying hand widths on plyometric push-up performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A Nichols
- Department of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, Massachusetts
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23
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Variation in Lower Limb Power and Three Point Shot Performance Following Repeated Sprints: One Vs. Five Changes of Direction in Male Basketball Players. J Hum Kinet 2021; 77:169-179. [PMID: 34168702 PMCID: PMC8008293 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2021-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated sprint ability (RSA) with five changes of direction was well admitted to replicate real basketball game situations, but the additional changes of direction may affect some fundamental skills and performances in basketball. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of RSA with one vs. five changes of direction (IRSA5COD) on squat jump (SJ), five jump test (FJT) and three point shot (3PS) performances in male basketball players. Sixteen participants (23.4 ± 2.3 years; 1.86 ± 0.10 m; 77.8 ± 7.7 kg) randomly performed eight testing sessions consisting of either RSA (10 repetitions of (15 m + 15 m)) or IRSA5COD (10 repetitions of (5 m + 5 m + 5 m + 5 m + 5 m + 5 m)) performed alone or immediately followed by the SJ, FJT or 3PS. The heart rate (HR) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were continuously recorded, while blood lactate concentration was measured post-tests. Differences between RSA and IRSA5COD were evaluated by a Student t-test for paired samples, while analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with repeated measures assessed differences in SJ, FJT and 3PS performance between baseline, post-RSA and post-IRSA5COD. A significantly poorer FJT performance post-RSA was shown compared to baseline (7.47 ± 0.47 vs.7.54 ± 0.47 m, p = 0.01) and post-IRSA 5COD (7.47 ± 0.47 vs. 7.56 ± 0.49%, p = 0.048). Significantly lower 3PS accuracy was also observed post-IRSA 5COD compared to baseline (41.3 ± 3.1 vs.53.1 ± 2.8%, p = 0.003) and post-RSA (41.3 ± 3.1 vs. 48.1 ± 3.7%, p = 0.033). These results suggest that jump performance required for crucial actions such as lay-ups is negatively affected by longer sprints (15-m) with few changes of direction, while 3PS accuracy is impaired by shorter sprints with many changes of direction. These situations should be replicated when training these particular abilities to optimize training adaptations.
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24
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Sarshin A, Fallahi V, Forbes SC, Rahimi A, Koozehchian MS, Candow DG, Kaviani M, Khalifeh SN, Abdollahi V, Naderi A. Short-term co-ingestion of creatine and sodium bicarbonate improves anaerobic performance in trained taekwondo athletes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:10. [PMID: 33478522 PMCID: PMC7819230 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creatine (CR) and sodium bicarbonate (SB) alone improve anaerobic performance. However, the ergogenic effects of CR and SB co-ingestion on taekwondo anaerobic performance remains unknown. METHODS Forty trained taekwondo athletes (21 ± 1 y.; 180.5 ± 7.3 cm; 72.7 ± 8.6 kg) were randomized to: (i) CR and SB (CR + SB; 20 g of CR+ 0.5 g·kg- 1·d- 1 of SB), (ii) CR, (iii) SB, (iv) placebo (PLA), or (v) control (CON) for 5 days. Before and after supplementation, participants completed 3 bouts of a Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test (TAIKT) to determine changes in peak power (PP), mean power (MP), and fatigue index (FI). Blood lactate (BL) was measured before, immediately following, and 3 min post-TAIKT. RESULTS PP and MP increased over time (P < 0.05) following CR + SB, CR, and SB ingestion, with no changes in the PLA or CON groups. There was a greater increase over time in MP following CR + SB (Absolute Δ: 1.15 ± 0.28 W∙kg67) compared to CR (Absolute Δ: 0.43 ± 0.33 W∙kg67; P < 0.001) and SB (Absolute Δ: 0.73 ± 0.24 W∙kg67; P = 0.03). There were no significant time and condition effect for FI (P > 0.05). BL increased following exercise across all groups; however, CR + SB and SB post-exercise BL was lower compared to CR, PLA, and CON (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Short-term CR and SB alone enhance TAIKT performance in trained taekwondo athletes. Co-ingestion of CR and SB augments MP compared to CR and SB alone, with similar PP improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sarshin
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Department of Exercise Physiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Vahid Fallahi
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Department of Exercise Physiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Scott C Forbes
- Faculty of Education, Department of Physical Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, R7A6A9, Canada
| | - Alireza Rahimi
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Department of Exercise Physiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Majid S Koozehchian
- Department of Kinesiology, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL, 36265, USA
| | - Darren G Candow
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S0A2, Canada
| | - Mojtaba Kaviani
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Seyed Nemat Khalifeh
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Department of Exercise Physiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Naderi
- Department of Sport Physiology, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
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Cooke R, Rushton A, Martin J, Herrington L, Heneghan NR. Practicability of lower extremity functional performance tests and their measurement properties in elite athletes: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e042975. [PMID: 33371047 PMCID: PMC7757441 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lower extremity injury (LEI) is highly prevalent and its occurrence increases the risk of future injury in athletic populations. Identifying athletes at risk of injury is the key to target injury-prevention programmes. Functional performance tests (FPT) assess an athlete's ability to produce and accept forces during movement tasks reflective of those experienced in sport, and are used to identify deficits in physical qualities or neuromuscular control. This review aims to identify FPT which have potential to predict LEI and assess their measurement properties associated with reliability, validity, responsiveness and practicability (interpretability and feasibility). METHODS/ANALYSIS This protocol will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol and the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments Methodology. The search strategy has two stages: stage 1 will identify lower limb FPT used in athletic populations; and stage 2 will assess the measurement properties of the identified FPT. A sensitive search strategy will use MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL and SPORTdiscus databases; from inception to June 2020. Hand searching reference lists, key journals and grey literature will be completed. One reviewer will complete search 1 and data extraction. Two reviewers will complete the search, data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment for search 2. Evidence will be pooled or summarised by individual measurement property by each individual study and grouped by FPT. Meta-analysis using a random effects model with subgroup analysis will be performed where possible. Pooled or summarised results for each FPT in relation to each measurement property will be rated against the criteria for good measurement properties. Two reviewers will assess the overall body of evidence per measurement property per FPT using the modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines. This review will enable clinicians to make an informed choice when selecting FPT. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No ethical approval is required for this review and the results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and submitted for conference presentation. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020188932.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn Cooke
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alison Rushton
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Martin
- Institute of Applied Health Research, Public Health Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Lee Herrington
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Nicola R Heneghan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Ben Ayed K, Ben Saad H, Ali Hammami M, Latiri I. Relationships of the 5-Jump Test (5JT) Performance of Youth Players With Volleyball Specific' Laboratory Tests for Explosive Power. Am J Mens Health 2020; 14:1557988320977686. [PMID: 33300390 PMCID: PMC7734521 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320977686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Volleyball involves movements with and/or without horizontal approaches (i.e., spike jumps, jump setting, blocking). The 5-jump test (5JT) was suggested to assess lower limb explosive power of athletes competing in some disciplines (e.g., soccer, judo, running). It appears that no previous study has investigated the 5JT performance components in volleyball players. This study aimed to test the relationship between 5JT performance and two specific laboratory tests for explosive power (i.e., countermovement jump [CMJ] and squat jump [SJ]). Forty volleyball players (boys, mean age: 12.4 ± 0.8 years) were tested for 5JT, CMJ, and SJ tests. 5JT performance was expressed in absolute terms (m), and relative to leg length (5JTLL) and body mass (5JTBM). The SJ and CMJ tests were evaluated using the optojump photoelectric cells and the following data were collected: peak power (Pp) of jump (W, W.kg-0.67), peak jumping force (Fpeak, N), peak jumping velocity (Vpeak, m/s), peak heights of CMJ and SJ (CMJH and SJH, respectively, cm). Only significant (p < .05) Pearson product-moment correlations (r) > 0.30 were considered. 5JT performance was significantly correlated with SJ, Vpeak (r = 0.90), SJH (r = 0.88), Pp [W.kg-0.67 (r = 0.86), W (r = 0.72)], Fpeak (r = 0.45); and CMJ, Vpeak (r = 0.82), CMJH (r = 0.80), Pp [W.kg-0.67 (r = 0.89), W (r = 0.85)], Fpeak (r = 0.73). 5JTLL values were significantly related to SJ, Pp [W (r = 0.81), W.kg-0.67 (r = 0.74)], Vpeak (r = 0.82); and CMJ, Pp [W (r = 0.73), W.kg-0.67 (r = 0.84)], Vpeak (r = 0.75), Fpeak (r = 0.67)]. 5JTBM values were significantly related to SJ, Pp (W, r = −0.43). To conclude, in youth volleyball players, the 5JT may be viewed as an explosive strength diagnostic instrument under field circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Ben Ayed
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education. Kef. University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia.,Sport Sciences, Health and Movement (2SHM) Laboratory, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Heart Failure (LR12SP09) Research Laboratory, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.,Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médicine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Sousse, Tunisie.,Department of Physiology and Functional Exploration, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali Hammami
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education. Kef. University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia.,Sport Sciences, Health and Movement (2SHM) Laboratory, Tunisia
| | - Imed Latiri
- Heart Failure (LR12SP09) Research Laboratory, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.,Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médicine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Sousse, Tunisie
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27
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Change-of-Direction Performance in Elite Soccer Players: Preliminary Analysis According to Their Playing Positions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228360. [PMID: 33198102 PMCID: PMC7696160 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to examine the relationship between change of direction (CoD) performance, with (CoDb), and without the ball (CoDwb), and selected measures of physical fitness (jump performance, speed, balance) in elite soccer players, according to players’ positions. Forty elite male soccer players performed the change-of-direction and acceleration test (CODAT) with (CODATb), and without the ball (CODATwb), 5- and 20-m sprint tests, the 5-jump test (5JT), and the Y-balance test (YBT). Analyses of the whole sample showed significant correlations between all CODAT measures (CODATwb and CODATb, respectively) and sprint 5-m (r = 0.72, p < 0.001; r = 0.52, p < 0.01), sprint 20-m (r = 0.54, p < 0.03; r = 0.45, p < 0.05), jump (r = −0.62, p < 0.01; r = −0.64, p < 0.01) and balance (r = −0.50, p < 0.01; r = −0.83, p < 0.001) performances. Correlations were significantly different between player positions (defender, midfielder and striker). When examining the entire sample, the single best predictor of CODATwb was performance in the 5-m test with an explained variance of 52% (p < 0.001). For CODATb, the Y-balance performance explained 68% of the variance of performance (p < 0.001). In conclusion, soccer coaches and fitness trainers are advised to improve players’ CoD using neuromuscular training that mimic crucial match actions. Meanwhile, CoD testing and training should be designed in line with the demands of playing position.
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Effects of a 12-Week Change-of-Direction Sprints Training Program on Selected Physical and Physiological Parameters in Professional Basketball Male Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218214. [PMID: 33172136 PMCID: PMC7664328 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multidirectional repeated sprints with quick changes-of-direction (CoD) are considered a key performance determinant in basketball. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week CoD sprint training program compared to regular basketball training on selected measures of physical fitness and physiological adaptations in male basketball players. Sixteen professional basketball players were randomly assigned to an intervention group (INT = 8) or an active control group (CON = 8). INT completed a 12-week CoD sprint training program with two sessions per week while CON continued their regular training. Training volume was similar between groups. Before and after the intervention, the two groups were evaluated for the repeated sprint ability test with CoD (IRSA5COD), the squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) test, the five time-jump test (FJT) and change of direction t-test. Blood samples were taken before the beginning of the experimental protocol, after 4, 8 and 12 weeks to monitor the testosterone/cortisol ratio (T/C). For t-test, post-hoc tests revealed significant pre-to-post improvements for INT (3.4%; p = 0.001, ES = 0.91). For CMJ, post-hoc tests revealed a significant pre-to-post decrease for INT (−11.6%; p = 0.001, ES = 0.94), and a significant improvement for CON (4.96%; p = 0.014, ES = 0.60). For T/C ratio, post-hoc tests revealed a significant decrease after 12 weeks of training for INT (52.3%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.63). In conclusion, twelve weeks of CoD sprint training enhanced CoD performance but negatively affected vertical jump capacity in male basketball players. T/C ratio indicated that the physiological demands associated with INT were well-balanced.
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Graja A, Ghattassi K, Boudhina N, Bouzid MA, Chahed H, Ferchichi S, Driss T, Souissi N, Hammouda O. Effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on cognitive, physical and biochemical responses to strenuous short-term exercises in elite young female handball players. Physiol Behav 2020; 229:113241. [PMID: 33157076 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RF) on cognitive and physical performance and biochemical responses to specific exercises in elite young female handball players. Twelve athletes participated in three experimental sessions: one week before Ramadan (BR), during the first week of Ramadan (FWR) and during the last week of Ramadan (LWR). The present crossover study was carried out in Tunisia during the 2013 Ramadan month lasting from 9 July to 7 august. During each session, a battery of tests was performed as follow: Hooper index, vigilance test (VT), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), five jump test (5-JT), modified agility T-test (MAT), maximal standing ball-throw velocity test (MSBVT) and Running-based Anaerobic Sprint (RAST) Test. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded immediately after the RAST. Blood samples were collected before and after exercises during each session. The results showed that ESS scores were higher during LWR than BR (p < 0.05). Moreover, MSBVT time decreased (p < 0.05) during LWR, therefore performance enhanced. The power of three final sprints from the RAST decreased significantly only during LWR compared to BR (p < 0.05). RAST fatigue index and RPE scores were higher during LWR more than BR (p < 0.05). The results showed also that hematological measures (i.e., red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit), plasma osmolarity and energetic markers were unaffected by RF. Biomarkers of muscle damage were higher after the RAST only during LWR compared to BR (p < 0.01 for all). In conclusion, RF increased ESS and decreased RAST performances associated with higher muscle damage and fatigue, especially at LWR. These previous alterations could be attributed to disturbances of sleep and circadian rhythms rather than nutritional deficiency or dehydratation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Graja
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; High institute of sport and physical education, Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia.
| | - Kais Ghattassi
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nahla Boudhina
- High institute of sport and physical education, Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amine Bouzid
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Henda Chahed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and learning (LINP2), UPL, UFR STAPS, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Research Unit Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and learning (LINP2), UPL, UFR STAPS, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
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Physical fitness improvements of 8-week light vs. heavy tyre flip training in young adults. Biol Sport 2020; 37:203-210. [PMID: 32879541 PMCID: PMC7433327 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2020.94247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the effects of eight-week tyre flipping training intervention using light and heavy tyres on physical fitness performance. Twenty-nine young physically active males were divided into light (n = 15) and heavy (n = 14) tyre flipping groups evenly according to body weight and height. Body-to-tyre weight ratios were 0.61 ± 0.06 for the light tyre (LTTG) and 1.51 ± 0.16 for the heavy tyre training (HTTG) groups. Fitness parameters were measured before and after the intervention. One-way ANCOVA analysis indicated no significant between-group differences when pre-test values were controlled. Both groups demonstrated within-group improvements in 6RM bench press (ES: 0.98 in LTTG and 1.10 in HTTG), intermittent endurance (ES: 0.45 in LTTG and 0.66 in HTTG), five horizontal jumps (ES: 0.35 in LTTG and 0.26 in HTTG), and agility (ES: 0.34 in LTTG and 0.41 in HTTG). Both groups improved tyre flipping efficiency, through decreasing average set duration and work-rest ratios in the first six training sessions, and reached a plateau starting from the 7th training session. This study provides the first empirical evidence for coaches to justify usage of tyre flip training and the timing to progressive overload for a population with limited weight training and no tyre flip training experience.
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Selmi MA, Sassi RH, Yahmed MH, Giannini S, Perroni F, Elloumi M. Normative Data and Physical Determinants of Multiple Sprint Sets in Young Soccer Players Aged 11-18 Years: Effect of Maturity Status. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:506-515. [PMID: 30239457 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Selmi, MA, Sassi, RH, Yahmed, MH, Giannini, S, Perroni, F, and Elloumi, M. Normative data and physical determinants of multiple sprint sets in young soccer players aged 11-18 years: Effect of maturity status. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 506-515, 2020-The aims of the study were: (a) to establish normative data for repeated-sprint sets (RSS) test based on the maturity status (age at peak height velocity [PHV]) and (2) to investigate the relationship between anthropometrical variables (stature, sitting height, body mass, and body fat percentage), RSS (2 × 5 × 20 m with 15-second recovery between sprints and 1-minute recovery between sets), and fitness tests {squat jump, countermovement jump, standing long jump, standing triple jump, 5-jump test, and 20-m shuttle run (multistage shuttle run test [MSRT])}. Young male soccer players (n = 262; age: 14.5 ± 2.9 years) were evaluated and classified into 4 groups according to their maturity status: pre-PHV, circum-PHV1, circum-PHV2, post-PHV. An analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc were used to determine maturity group differences (p ≤ 0.05), whereas Pearson's correlation was used between variables. Repeated-sprint sets' indices (sum of sprint times [SST] and best sprint time [BST]) were significantly different between the maturity groups. Significant correlations between SST with body mass (from -0.73 to -0.33) and MSRT (from -0.49 to -0.30) among each maturity group were found. With the different maturity groups, correlations between SST (s), BST (s), and vertical jump (cm) (r = -0.63 to -0.25 and r = -0.68 to -0.23) and horizontal jump (m) (r = -0.70 to -0.38 and r = -0.63 to -0.43) were observed. Repeated-sprint sets' values improve during maturation of young soccer players and the correlations between RSS and fitness tests vary through the maturity groups. This information could be useful for the coach to identify talent and to prescribe specific physical training to improve performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Amin Selmi
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sport Performance Optimization," National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Radhouane Haj Sassi
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sport Performance Optimization," National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Physical Education, University College of Education, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mohamed Haj Yahmed
- Research Unit "Analysis and Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Sports Performance," High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Silvana Giannini
- Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
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The Reactive Bounding Coefficient as a Measure of Horizontal Reactive Strength to Evaluate Stretch-Shortening Cycle Performance in Sprinters. J Hum Kinet 2020; 73:45-55. [PMID: 32774536 PMCID: PMC7386155 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2020-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plyometric exercises such as drop jumping and bounding offer athletes a substantiated means of enhancing athletic performance. Between the two exercises, reactive measurement using bounding (reactive bounding coefficient [RBC]) has received scant attention within the domain of training and conditioning. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the viability of utilising a speed-bounding exercise to assess horizontal reactive strength. Eleven young, male elite sprinters (age: 17.8 ± 1.3 yr; body height: 1.72 ± 0.06 m; body mass: 66.05 ± 6.10 kg; best 100 m sprint time: 10.77 ± 0.32 s) were tested for static jumps (SJ), drop jumps (DJ), 10 speed-bounding (RBC10), and 50 m sprint performance. Between-group comparisons based on sprint ability (fast [FSG] vs. slow [SSG] sprint-group) and correlation coefficients were computed subsequently. The FSG (n = 5; 50 m time: 5.82 ± 0.11 s; RBC10: 7.46 ± 0.27) performed significantly better in the RBC10 (p = 0.036) than the SSG (n = 5; 50 m time: 6.09 ± 0.13 s; RBC10: 7.09 ± 0.25). A very high correlation was attained between the RBC10 and the criterion measure, the SJ (r = 0.83). Additionally, RBC10 appeared to be correlated with 30, 50, 10-30 and 30-50 m sprint times (r = -0.52 to -0.60). This positive trend, however, was not observed for the DJ reactive strength index (trivial to moderate correlations). Good reliability was shown for the RBC10 and all sprint distances (“1.5% coefficient variation). Furthermore, all sprinters attained ground contact times of 0.12-0.18 s during the RBC10 which was indicative of fast stretch-shortening cycles during movement, suggesting that the RBC10 could be utilised to assess plyometric ability and enhance sprint performance. Overall, the RBC10 seems able to discriminate between the FSG and the SSG, indicating it has acceptable levels of validity and reliability.
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Valenzuela PL, McGuigan M, Sánchez-Martínez G, Torrontegi E, Vázquez-Carrión J, Montalvo Z, Abad CCC, Pereira LA, Loturco I. Reference power values for the jump squat exercise in elite athletes: A multicenter study. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2273-2278. [PMID: 32573360 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1783150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to provide reference values for lower-limb muscle power assessed during the incremental jump squat (JS) test in elite athletes (i.e., professional athletes competing at international level). We pooled data from all JS tests performed by elite athletes of different sports in two high-performance centres between 2015 and 2019, and computed reference values (i.e., terciles) for mean power (MP), mean propulsive power (MPP), and peak power (PP). Reference values were obtained from 684 elite athletes (458 male and 226 female) of 16 different sports (boxing, judo, karate, fencing, taekwondo, wrestling, basketball, soccer, futsal, handball, rugby union, badminton, tennis, long distance running, triathlon, and sprinting). Significant differences (p < 0.001) were found between male and female athletes for MP (7.47 ± 1.93 and 6.15 ± 1.68 W·Kg-1, respectively), MPP (10.50 ± 2.75 and 8.63 ± 2.43 W·Kg-1), and PP (23.64 ± 6.12 and 19.35 ± 5.49 W·Kg-1). However, the velocity at which these power measures was attained seemed to be independent of sex (~0.95, 1.00 and 2.00 m·s-1 for mean, mean propulsive, and peak velocity, respectively) and homogeneous across different sport disciplines (coefficient of variation <10%). These data can be used to classify athletes' power capabilities, and the optimum velocity ranges provided here could be useful for training purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Valenzuela
- Physiology Unit, Systems Biology Department, University of Alcalá , Madrid, Spain.,Department of Sport and Health, Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sport (AEPSAD) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael McGuigan
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology , Auckland, New Zealand.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University , Perth, Australia
| | | | - Elaia Torrontegi
- Department of Sport and Health, Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sport (AEPSAD) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Vázquez-Carrión
- Department of Sport and Health, Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sport (AEPSAD) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Zigor Montalvo
- Department of Sport and Health, Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sport (AEPSAD) , Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lucas A Pereira
- NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irineu Loturco
- NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil.,University of South Wales , Pontypridd, Wales, UK
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Brini S, Ouerghi N, Bouassida A. SMALL SIDED GAMES VS REPEATED SPRINT TRAINING EFFECTS ON AGILITY IN FASTING BASKETBALL PLAYERS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220202603213948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction The coinciding of month of Ramadan with international basketball competitions could affect players’ performance. Objective This field investigation examined the impacts of a basic training program in small-sided games and repeated sprint ability during intermittent fasting for Ramadan (R) and one month after Ramadan (AR) [control month] on body composition, agility and lower limb power. Methods Sixteen basketball players (age, 23.4±2.3 years) performed two training programs [small-sided games (SSG) and repeated sprint ability (RSA)] during R and AR, interrupted by fifteen days of total recovery. The players were randomly allocated to two groups (GSSG, n=8 and GRSA, n=8). Body composition, agility T test, squat jump (SJ) test, countermovement jump (CMJ) test and five-jump (FJT) test performances were measured on four occasions: before R (P1) and at the end of R (P2),as well as before AR (P3) and at the end of AR (P4). Results The results showed that body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI) and body fat (BF %) decreased significantly at the end of R for both groups (all p < 0.001). Moreover, the performances in the agility T test, SJ test, CMJ test and FJT test improved significantly at the end of R for both groups (p<0.001 and p<0.01). Also, by comparing R with the control month, we recorded significantly better agility and FJT performances in the R month (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study indicated that Ramadan combined with RSA and SSG training may improve agility and lower limb power, enabling coaches and physical trainers to choose between these two training modalities, depending on the training objectives. Level of evidence II; Diagnostic Studies - Investigating a diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seifeddine Brini
- University of Jendouba, Tunisia; University of Carthage, Tunisia
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Hammami M, Ben Klifa W, Ben Ayed K, Mekni R, Saeidi A, Jan J, Zouhal H. Physical performances and anthropometric characteristics of young elite North-African female soccer players compared with international standards. Sci Sports 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Selmi O, Ouergui I, Levitt DE, Nikolaidis PT, Knechtle B, Bouassida A. Small-Sided Games are More Enjoyable Than High-Intensity Interval Training of Similar Exercise Intensity in Soccer. Open Access J Sports Med 2020; 11:77-84. [PMID: 32210645 PMCID: PMC7069497 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s244512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and small-sided games (SSG) have been applied and tested for athletes in order to enhance the soccer performance. For this reason, this experimental study aimed to compare the effects of SSGs and HIIT on power, physiological responses and perceived enjoyment. Materials and Methods Sixteen youth soccer players (age, 17.5±0.6 years, mean±standard deviation; height, 178.2±6.4 cm; body mass, 70.4±5.4 kg; body fat, 10.6±0.8%) completed one session each of HIIT and SSG on separate days with 1 week between sessions. Each session lasted 25 mins (4x4 mins work with 3 mins of passive recovery in-between). SSGs consisted of 4 versus 4 player games on a 25×35 m pitch, and HIIT consisted of intermittent 15-s runs at 110% maximal aerobic speed separated by 15 s of passive recovery. Psychological responses following each protocol were assessed using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). Heart rate (HR) was continuously recorded, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and lactate concentration [La] were measured after each training session. Lower body muscular power was assessed using the 5-jump test relative to leg length (5JT-relative) before and after each training session, where greater average distance per stride over five sequential jumping strides indicated greater muscular power. Results HIIT and SSG showed no significant difference in HR, RPE and [La] responses (p=0.70, ES=0.11; p=0.61, ES=0.08 and p=0.38, ES=0.21, respectively). 5JT-relative decreased significantly for SSG and HIIT (p<0.05, ES=0.50 and p<0.05, ES=0.40, respectively). PACES score was greater in SSG compared to HIIT (ES=5.35, p<0.001). Conclusion HIIT and SSG sessions induced similar physiological responses; however, SSGs induced a higher enjoyment level than HIIT. Coaches could choose between these training modalities according to the objective of their training session, considering the enjoyment-related advantages of SSGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okba Selmi
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ibrahim Ouergui
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
| | - Danielle E Levitt
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anissa Bouassida
- Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia
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Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test: Discriminant Validity and an Update with the Gold-Standard Wingate Test. J Hum Kinet 2020; 71:229-242. [PMID: 32148587 PMCID: PMC7052711 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to update the validity of the Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test compared with the 30-s Wingate anaerobic test as the "Gold-Standard", squat jump and countermovement jump tests. The second objective was to examine whether this new specific test would be able to effectively discriminate between elite taekwondo athletes of different competitive levels. Twenty taekwondo athletes (15 males and 5 females) participated in the validation component, whereas 18 (14 males and 4 females) and 16 (13 males and 3 females) athletes participated in the reliability analysis of the Wingate anaerobic test and jumping tests, respectively. They performed these tests on two separate occasions (i.e., test-retest), in addition to the Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test. To establish test’s discriminatory capability (i.e., construct validity), two subgroups were identified based on their international and national taekwondo performance: 10 elite (8 males and 2 females) and 9 sub-elite (7 males and 2 females) athletes. Wingate anaerobic test and jumping tests performances showed excellent reliability (ICC > 0.90, SEM < 5% for most variables). Significant correlations between Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test, Wingate anaerobic test, and jumping tests’ variables were mostly "large". Elite taekwondo athletes showed greater taekwondo test performances compared with their sub-elite counterparts (p < 0.001). Receiving operating characteristic analysis indicated that the taekwondo specific test was able to effectively discriminate between elite and sub-elite taekwondo athletes. Overall, the findings of the current study support the concurrent validity of the Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test. In particular, the Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test showed good ability to effectively discriminate between taekwondo athletes of different competitive levels.
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Hsouna H, Boukhris O, Abdessalem R, Trabelsi K, Ammar A, Shephard RJ, Chtourou H. Effect of different nap opportunity durations on short-term maximal performance, attention, feelings, muscle soreness, fatigue, stress and sleep. Physiol Behav 2019; 211:112673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Huang H, Chatchawan U, Eungpinichpong W, Hunsawong T. Progressive decrease in leg-power performance during a fatiguing badminton field test. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:765-770. [PMID: 31645803 PMCID: PMC6801351 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to evaluate the changes in leg-power generation that
accompany competitive badminton, as simulated in a badminton field test (FT).
[Participants and Methods] Fifteen male badminton players with 1–2 years of experience
performed five repetitions of an FT involving rapid and randomly assigned shuttle-run
movements between markers distributed around a badminton court. Repetitions were separated
by a 1-minute rest period. Peak mechanical power, obtained from the serial vertical jump
tests, was used to estimate fatigue and performance reduction. [Results] Decreases in
distance and time were significantly different in each of the five FT repetitions while
maintaining the same speed for the condition. The peak mechanical power and fatigue index
significantly declined. The reduction in the peak mechanical power percentage
(11.78–35.49%) was in the acceptable peak mechanical power range for each FT set. These
results were confirmed by the significant increase in the participants’ blood lactate
concentration levels, the rating of perceived exertion, and heart rate. [Conclusion]
Leg-power generation could gradually be decreased in badminton competition as indicated by
a badminton field test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Huang
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University: Mitraphab Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medicine Sciences, Khon Kean University, Thailand.,Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Gannan Normal University, China
| | - Uraiwan Chatchawan
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University: Mitraphab Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medicine Sciences, Khon Kean University, Thailand
| | - Wichai Eungpinichpong
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University: Mitraphab Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medicine Sciences, Khon Kean University, Thailand
| | - Torkamol Hunsawong
- Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University: Mitraphab Highway, Muang District, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medicine Sciences, Khon Kean University, Thailand
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Hammami M, Hermassi S, Gaamouri N, Aloui G, Comfort P, Shephard RJ, Chelly MS. Field Tests of Performance and Their Relationship to Age and Anthropometric Parameters in Adolescent Handball Players. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1124. [PMID: 31555151 PMCID: PMC6742976 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Handball performance is influenced by age, anthropometric characteristics, technical skills, tactical understanding, and physical abilities. The aims of this study were (i) to determine differences in anthropometric characteristics and physical performance between adolescent handball players across age categories, and (ii) to determine which anthropometric and maturity variables have the greatest relative importance in fitness for this sport. Seventy-nine male handball players drawn from a team in the elite Tunisian Handball league [U18 (n = 10); U17 (n = 12); U16 (n = 17); U15 (n = 18); and U14 (n = 22)] volunteered for the investigation. Assessments included sprint performances; change in direction tests (T-half test and Illinois modified test); jumping tests (squat jump; counter movement jump; countermovement jump with aimed arms; five-jump test); medicine ball throwing; handgrip force; back extensor force and selected anthropometric measurements. The individual's age category affected all measurements, with U17 and U18 players showing larger body measurements and significantly better absolute results on all physical tests than U14, U15 and U16 contestants. Scores for the majority of physical performance tests were closely inter-correlated. We conclude that U17 and U18 players show significantly better absolute results than the younger players on all physical tests. Multiple linear regressions, using block-wise entry, indicate that age is the strongest predictor of jump and sprint performances. Several anthropometric characteristics, including body mass, standing height and lower limb length were closely correlated with performance test scores, but after allowing for age only body mass added to the prediction of jumping ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrez Hammami
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) Sport Performance, Health and Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Souhail Hermassi
- Sport Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nawel Gaamouri
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) Sport Performance, Health and Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Gaith Aloui
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) Sport Performance, Health and Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Paul Comfort
- Directorate of Sport, Exercise and Physiotherapy, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Roy J. Shephard
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly
- Research Unit (UR17JS01) Sport Performance, Health and Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, University of “La Manouba”, Tunis, Tunisia
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Kariyama Y. Effect of Jump Direction on Joint Kinetics of Take-Off Legs in Double-Leg Rebound Jumps. Sports (Basel) 2019; 7:sports7080183. [PMID: 31357445 PMCID: PMC6722790 DOI: 10.3390/sports7080183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertical (VDJ) and horizontal (HDJ) double-leg rebound jumps are used as plyometric exercises in direction-specific training regimens for various sports. We investigated the effects of jump direction on joint kinetics of the take-off legs in double-leg rebound jumps. Twelve Japanese male track and field athletes performed VDJ, 100% HDJ, 50% HDJ (50% of 100% HDJ distance), and 75% HDJ (75% of 100% HDJ distance). Kinematic and kinetic data in the sagittal plane were calculated using a force platform and high-speed video camera. Hip negative power during the eccentric phase decreased from VDJ to 50% HDJ (VDJ, -4.40 ± 4.25 W/kg; 50% HDJ, -0.83 ± 2.10; 75% HDJ, -0.33 ± 0.83; 100% HDJ, 0 ± 0), while hip positive power increased from VDJ to 100% HDJ (VDJ, 4.19 ± 2.73 W/kg; 50% HDJ, 9.37 ± 2.89; 75% HDJ, 11.15 ± 3.91; 100% HDJ, 18.51 ± 9.83). Knee negative power increased from VDJ to 75% HDJ (VDJ, -14.48 ± 7.67 W/kg; 50% HDJ, -18.98 ± 7.13; 75% HDJ, -21.57 ± 8.54; 100% HDJ, -23.34 ± 12.13), while knee positive power decreased from VDJ to 75% HDJ (VDJ, 23.18 ± 9.01 W/kg; 50% HDJ, 18.83 ± 5.49; 75% HDJ, 18.10 ± 5.77; 100% HDJ, 16.27 ± 6.22). Ankle joint kinetics remained unchanged. Differences in hip and knee joint kinetics between VDJ and HDJ were associated with direction control, becoming more pronounced as jump distance increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Kariyama
- Faculty of Sport Science, Yamanashi Gakuin University, Kofu 400-8575, Japan.
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Hsouna H, Abdessalem R, Boukhris O, Trabelsi K, Chtourou L, Tahri N, Engel FA, Shephard RJ, Chtourou H. Short-term maximal performance, alertness, dietary intake, sleep pattern and mood states of physically active young men before, during and after Ramadan observance. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217851. [PMID: 31163075 PMCID: PMC6548427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess changes in short-term maximal performance, alertness, dietary intake, sleep pattern and mood states of physically active young men before (BR), during and after Ramadan observance. Methods Twelve physically-active men (age: 21.9±2.4yrs, height:1.77±0.09m, body-mass: 72.6±7.8kg, exercising: ≥3h/week) performed the 5-jump and the digit-cancellation (alertness) tests 15-days BR, on the first (FR) and last 10-days of Ramadan (ER) and 10-days (AR10) and 20-days (AR20) after Ramadan. During each period, sleep pattern (Pittsburgh-Sleep-Quality-Index (PSQI)), mood states (Profile-of-Mood-States (POMS)) and dietary intake were recorded. Results No significant changes in the 5-jump, digit-cancellation test and POMS parameters appeared during and after Ramadan relative to BR. However, the PSQI total score was lower during FR compared to AR10 (p<0.001). Specifically, the subjective sleep quality was lower (i) at BR compared to FR (p<0.05), AR10 (p<0.01) and AR20 (p<0.01) and (ii) at ER and AR20 compared to FR (p<0.05). The sleep duration (i) increased at FR (p<0.05) and (ii) decreased at AR10 (p<0.01) and AR20 (p<0.05) compared to BR. Sleep disturbances were significantly greater (i) at BR compared to FR (p<0.01), ER (p<0.01), AR10 (p<0.05) and AR20 (p<0.05) and (ii) at AR10 and AR20 compared to FR and ER (p<0.05). In terms of diet, the fractional contribution of carbohydrate (%) was lower and the dietary fat content (g) was higher during ER than AR10 and AR20 (p<0.05). Further, the dietary protein (in %) was significantly lower during FR compared to BR (p<0.01), ER (p<0.05), AR10 (p<0.05) and AR20 (p<0.05). Conclusion Ramadan had no-adverse effects on the 5-jump performance, alertness, or mood states in physically active young men. However, the sleep duration was shorter and the sleep quality was improved following compared to during Ramadan. The fractional intake of fat also increased at the expense of carbohydrate during Ramadan, and the protein intake was lower at the beginning of Ramadan than before, at the end of and after Ramadan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsen Hsouna
- UR15JS01: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Raouf Abdessalem
- UR15JS01: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Omar Boukhris
- UR15JS01: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- UR15JS01: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lassaad Chtourou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nabil Tahri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Florian A. Engel
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Department Movement and Training, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Roy J. Shephard
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Institut Supérieur du Sport et de l’Education Physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
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Ryman Augustsson S, Arvidsson J, Haglund E. Jump height as performance indicator for the selection of youth football players to national teams. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 59:1669-1675. [PMID: 31062951 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.09739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different jump tests such as the Countermovement Jump (CMJ), Abalakov Jump (AJ) and Standing Long Jump (SLJ) are often used in practice to evaluate muscular power and functional performance in football. These tests are also used in different selection processes and talent identification, but the significance of the tests for the selection of youth players to national teams are relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to compare jump ability between youth football players selected or not selected for the national team. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 22 players (aged 17±2 years), 11 national players (NP) and 11 non-national players (NNP) were evaluated in three different jump tests; CMJ, AJ and SLJ. Mean scores for the tests were analyzed and compared. RESULTS Significant differences were found between the groups regarding jump height in favor of the NP group in both the CMJ (NP 39.9±5.0 cm vs. NNP 34.2±4.9 cm, P=0.013) and the AJ (NP 47.1±5.4 vs. NNP 40.9±4.7, P=0.010). No group difference was found regarding jump length in SLJ (NP 246.2±17.9 vs. NNP 232.9±16.5, P=0.084). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that tests, measuring jump height, could be used as a performance indicator and part of the selection process of youth football players to national teams, whereas the use of jump length could be questioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ryman Augustsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden - .,Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden -
| | - Julia Arvidsson
- School of Business, Engineering and Science, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden, 
| | - Emma Haglund
- School of Business, Engineering and Science, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden, 
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Anthropometry-driven block setting improves starting block performance in sprinters. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213979. [PMID: 30917173 PMCID: PMC6436800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the effect of two block setting conditions i.e., the usual block setting [US] and an anthropometry-driven block setting [AS] on the kinematic and kinetic parameters of the sprint start. Furthermore, we verified whether this effect is influenced by the relative lengths of the sprinter's trunk and lower limbs i.e., the Cormic Index by subdividing sprinters into brachycormic, metricormic and macrocormic groups. Forty-two sprinters performed 6 maximal-effort 10 m sprints using the US and AS conditions. Dynamometric starting blocks measured forces generated by the sprinters. The times at 5 m and 10 m in the sprint trials were measured with photocells. Results showed that the anteroposterior block distances were significantly different between the two conditions (P<0.001). Across the sample, the horizontal block velocity, the rear peak force, the rear force impulse, the total force impulse, the horizontal block power, the ratio of horizontal to resultant impulse in the rear block, the first and second step lengths and the times at 5 m and 10 m improved in AS vs. US (P values from 0.05 to 0.001). Considering the interaction between the block setting condition and the Cormic Index, the rear peak force and the rear force impulse were significantly increased in the metricormic and brachycormic groups (P≤0.001) and the metricormic group (P<0.001), respectively. Kinetic variables in the rear block and the difference (Delta) in the front block/starting line distance between US and AS were related with each other (Adjusted R2 values from 0.07 to 0.36). In conclusion, AS was associated with improvement in the kinematic and kinetic parameters of the sprint start performance vs. US; however, AS is apparently best suited for metricormic sprinters. Further work is needed to verify how the sprint start kinetic and kinematic parameters are related to the front block/starting line distance and whether a block setting driven by the sprinter's Cormic Index is able to improve sprint start performance.
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Wen N, Dalbo VJ, Burgos B, Pyne DB, Scanlan AT. Power Testing in Basketball: Current Practice and Future Recommendations. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 32:2677-2691. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ramirez-Campillo R, Alvarez C, Gentil P, Moran J, García-Pinillos F, Alonso-Martínez AM, Izquierdo M. Inter-individual Variability in Responses to 7 Weeks of Plyometric Jump Training in Male Youth Soccer Players. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1156. [PMID: 30177889 PMCID: PMC6109752 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the inter-individual variability in the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on measures of physical fitness (sprint time, change of direction speed, countermovement jump, 20- and 40-cm drop jump reactive strength index, multiple five bounds distance, maximal kicking distance, and 2.4-km time trial) in youth soccer players who completed a PJT program versus players who completed soccer training only. In a single-blinded study, participants aged between 10 and 16 years were randomly divided into a PJT group (n = 38) and a control group (n = 38). The experimental group participated in a PJT program twice weekly for 7 weeks, whereas the control group continued with their regular soccer training sessions. Between-group differences were examined using a Mann-Whitney U test. Nonresponders where defined as individuals who failed to demonstrate any beneficial change that was greater than two times the typical error of measurement from zero. The results indicated that the mean group improvement for all physical fitness measures was greater (p < 0.05) in the PJT group (Δ = 0.4 to 23.3%; ES = 0.04 to 0.58) than in the control group (Δ = 0.1 to 3.8%; ES = 0.02 to 0.35). In addition, a significantly greater (p < 0.05) number of responders across all dependent variables was observed in the PJT group (from 4 up to 33 responders) than in the control group (from 0 up to 9 responders). In conclusion, compared to soccer training only, PJT induced greater physical fitness improvements in youth soccer players, with a greater number of responders for all the physical fitness tests related to jumping, speed, change of direction speed, endurance, and kicking technical ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Laboratory of Measurement and Assessment in Sport, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Cristian Alvarez
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Laboratory of Measurement and Assessment in Sport, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educacao Fısica e Danca, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Jason Moran
- Department of Sport, University Centre Hartpury, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Felipe García-Pinillos
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Alicia M Alonso-Martínez
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Public University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Navarrabiomed, CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Public University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain
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Rhibi F, Ghram A, Pagaduan J, Sellami M, Abderrahman AB. Short-term maximal performance depend on post-activation potentiation stimuli type and recovery period. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-017-0408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kons RL, Ache-Dias J, Detanico D, Barth J, Dal Pupo J. Is Vertical Jump Height an Indicator of Athletes' Power Output in Different Sport Modalities? J Strength Cond Res 2018; 32:708-715. [PMID: 29466272 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Kons, RL, Ache-Dias, J, Detanico, D, Barth, J, and Dal Pupo, J. Is vertical jump height an indicator of athletes' power output in different sports modalities? J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 708-715, 2018-This study aimed to identify whether the ratio standard is adequate for the scaling of peak power output (PPO) for body mass (BM) in athletes of different sports and to verify classification agreement for athletes involved in different sports using PPO scaled for BM and jump height (JH). One hundred and twenty-four male athletes divided into 3 different groups-combat sports, team sports, and runners-participated in this study. Participants performed the countermovement jump on a force plate. Peak power output and JH were calculated from the vertical ground reaction force. We found different allometric exponents for each modality, allowing the use of the ratio standard for team sports. For combat sports and runners, the ratio standard was not considered adequate, and therefore, a specific allometric exponent for these 2 groups was found. Significant correlations between adjusted PPO for BM (PPOADJ) and JH were found for all modalities, but it was higher for runners (r = 0.81) than team and combat sports (r = 0.63 and 0.65, respectively). Moderate agreement generated by the PPOADJ and JH was verified in team sports (k = 0.47) and running (k = 0.55) and fair agreement in combat sports (k = 0.29). We conclude that the ratio standard seems to be suitable only for team sports; for runners and combat sports, an allometric model seems adequate. The use of JH as an indicator of power output may be considered reasonable only for runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael L Kons
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jonathan Ache-Dias
- Catarinense Federal Institute-IFC, Araquari Campus, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniele Detanico
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jonathan Barth
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliano Dal Pupo
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Cheikh M, Hammouda O, Gaamouri N, Driss T, Chamari K, Cheikh RB, Dogui M, Souissi N. Melatonin ingestion after exhaustive late-evening exercise improves sleep quality and quantity, and short-term performances in teenage athletes. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:1281-1293. [PMID: 29846091 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1474891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the effects of a single 10-mg dose of melatonin (MEL) administration after exhaustive late-evening exercise on sleep quality and quantity, and short-term physical and cognitive performances in healthy teenagers. Ten male adolescent athletes (mean ± SD, age = 15.4 ± 0.3 years, body-mass = 60.68 ± 5.7 kg, height = 167.9 ± 6.9 cm and BMI = 21.21 ± 2.5) performed two test sessions separated by at least one week. During each session, participants completed the Yo-Yo intermittent-recovery-test level-1 (YYIRT-1) at ~20:00 h. Then, sleep polysomnography was recorded from 22:15 min to 07:00 h, after a double blind randomized order administration of a single 10-mg tablet of MEL (MEL-10 mg) or Placebo (PLA). The following morning, Hooper wellness index was administered and the participants performed the Choice Reaction Time (CRT) test, the Zazzo test and some short-term physical exercises (YYIRT-1, vertical and horizontal Jumps (VJ; HJ), Hand grip strength (HG), and five-jump test (5-JT)). Evening total distance covered in the YYIRT-1 did not change during the two conditions (p > 0.05). Total sleep time (Δ = 24.55 mn; p < 0.001), sleep efficiency (Δ = 4.47%; p < 0.001), stage-3 sleep (N3 sleep) (Δ = 1.73%; p < 0.05) and rapid-eye-movement sleep (Δ = 2.15%; p < 0.001) were significantly higher with MEL in comparison with PLA. Moreover, sleep-onset-latency (Δ = -8.45mn; p < 0.001), total time of nocturnal awakenings after sleep-onset (NA) (Δ = -11 mn; p < 0.001), stage-1 sleep (N1 sleep) (Δ = -1.7%; p < 0.001) and stage-2 sleep (N2 sleep) (Δ = -1.9%; p < 0.05) durations were lower with MEL. The Hooper index showed a better subjective sleep quality, a decrease of the subjective perception of fatigue and a reduced level of muscle soreness with MEL. Moreover, MEL improved speed and performance but not inaccuracy during the Zazzo test. CRT was faster with MEL. Morning YYIRT-1 (Δ = 82 m; p < 0.001) and 5-JT (Δ = 0.08 m; p < 0.05) performances were significantly higher with MEL in comparison with PLA. In contrast, HG, VJ and HJ performances did not change during the two conditions (p > 0.05). The administration of a single dose of MEL-10 mg after strenuous late-evening exercise improved sleep quality and quantity, selective attention, subjective assessment of the general wellness state, and some short-term physical performances the following morning in healthy teenagers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Cheikh
- a High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University , Manouba , Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- b Research Center on Sport and Movement (Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement, CeRSM), UPL, Univ Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS , Nanterre , France.,c Faculty of medicine of Sfax , Research Unit, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, UR12ES17 , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Nawel Gaamouri
- a High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University , Manouba , Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- b Research Center on Sport and Movement (Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement, CeRSM), UPL, Univ Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS , Nanterre , France
| | - Karim Chamari
- d Athlete Health and Performance Research Ctr ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital , Doha , Qatar
| | - Ridha Ben Cheikh
- e Functional Exploration of the Nervous System Service, CHU Sahloul , Sousse , Tunisia.,f Faculty of Medicine , Laboratory of Physiology , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Dogui
- e Functional Exploration of the Nervous System Service, CHU Sahloul , Sousse , Tunisia.,f Faculty of Medicine , Laboratory of Physiology , Monastir , Tunisia
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Tayech A, Mejri MA, Chaabene H, Chaouachi M, Behm DG, Chaouachi A. Test-retest reliability and criterion validity of a new Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:230-237. [PMID: 29308848 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the relative and absolute test-retest reliability and criterion validity of a new Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test (TAIKT). METHODS Twenty Tunisian elite Taekwondo athletes participated in this study (15 males and 5 females). Participants performed the TAIKT and the Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST), twice (test and retest), on separate occasions three-week apart. Peak heart rate (HRpeak), blood lactate concentration [La־], and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured during each session. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the test and retest of TAIKT and RAST for all performances and physiological variables, except for the absolute mean power (Pmean) of RAST. Test-retest results showed that the TAIKT and RAST were reliable. All TAIKT and RAST parameters had an ICC>0.90, SEM<5%, with the smallest worthwhile change slightly higher than SEM, with very small limits of concordance. Strong significant correlations were found between TAIKT and RAST parameters (Ppeak (r=0.81; r=0.70), Pmean (r=0.72; r=0.60) in (W and W·Kg-67 respectively), fatigue index (r=0.81), [La־] (r=0.89) and RPE (r=0.78) at P<0.01, and HRpeak (r=0.55, at P<0.05)). CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that the TAIKT can be considered as a valid and reliable specific test for assessing anaerobic power of Taekwondo athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Tayech
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization, " National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed A Mejri
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization, " National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization, " National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mehdi Chaouachi
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization, " National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia.,Movement Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory, University of Rennes 2-ENS Cachan, Rennes, France
| | - David G Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Anis Chaouachi
- Tunisian Research Laboratory "Sports Performance Optimization, " National Center of Medicine and Science in Sports (CNMSS), Tunis, Tunisia - .,AUT University, Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand
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