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Oliveira JP, Sampaio T, Marinho DA, Barbosa TM, Morais JE. Exploring Injury Prevention Strategies for Futsal Players: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1387. [PMID: 39057530 PMCID: PMC11275960 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Futsal carries a high risk of injury for players. This systematic review aimed to assess the existing literature on injury prevention strategies for futsal players. The literature was searched using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from inception to 20 March 2024. Relevant articles were searched using the terms "futsal" AND "injury" AND "prevention". Fourteen studies were included in the review. The review identified several injury prevention strategies with potential benefits for futsal players. Structured warm-up routines were shown to improve balance and eccentric strength and to reduce total, acute, and lower limb injuries. Proprioceptive training methods were suggested to improve joint stability and landing mechanics, which may reduce the risk of injury. Furthermore, multicomponent methods that include components such as core stability and flexibility have shown potential for reducing injury rates in futsal players. Finally, by reducing fatigue and improving movement control, strength training procedures designed to correct muscular imbalances may improve performance, which may ultimately minimize the risk of injury. This systematic review demonstrates the potential benefits of different injury prevention strategies for futsal players. The combination of several strategies, such as proprioceptive training, multicomponent programs, warm-up routines, and strength training specifically designed to address muscular imbalances, appears promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P. Oliveira
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.A.M.)
- Research Center in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Sampaio
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.A.M.)
- Research Center in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniel A. Marinho
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.A.M.)
- Research Center in Sports, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago M. Barbosa
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (T.M.B.); (J.E.M.)
- Research Center for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Jorge E. Morais
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (T.M.B.); (J.E.M.)
- Research Center for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Sánchez-Sánchez J, Torres Martín L, Ramirez-Campillo R, Castillo D, Raya-González J. The effects of jump training on measures of physical performance, lower extremities injury incidence and burden in highly trained male soccer players. Res Sports Med 2024; 32:107-121. [PMID: 35616245 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2022.2079989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the effects of a 16-week jump training program on the physical performance and lower extremities injury profile in semi-professional male soccer players. Participants were randomly assigned to the control group (CG; n = 13; age = 21.7 ± 3.6 years) or the experimental group (EG; n = 10; age = 22.3 ± 3.5 years). Countermovement jump (CMJ) height (cm), 30 m linear sprint time (s) with split times at 10 m and 20 m distances, and change of direction speed (CODS; 10 + 10 m with 90° turn) time (s) with turns using the dominant or non-dominant leg, were assessed before and after the intervention. Lower extremity injuries sustained throughout the intervention period were collected. Significant within-group improvements were found in EG in CMJ (p = 0.01; effect size [ES] = 1.03; large). Additionally, between-group difference after intervention was found in CMJ (F = 4.42; p = 0.013) in favour of EG. Injury burden was 194.86 (CG) vs 71.37 (EG) days of absence/1,000 h (RR = 2.73; 95% CI 2.10-3.54; p < 0.001). No other significant within-group or between-group differences were found. In conclusion, compared to regular soccer training, jump training was effective to improve jumping ability and burden in soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sánchez-Sánchez
- Research Group Planning and Assessment of Training and Athletic Performance, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Torres Martín
- Research Group Planning and Assessment of Training and Athletic Performance, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Castillo
- Faculty of Education, University of Valladolid, Soria, Spain
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Alt T, Severin J, Schmidt M. Quo Vadis Nordic Hamstring Exercise-Related Research?-A Scoping Review Revealing the Need for Improved Methodology and Reporting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11225. [PMID: 36141503 PMCID: PMC9517005 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this scoping review is to assess Nordic Hamstring Exercise quality (ANHEQ) of assessments and interventions according to the ANHEQ rating scales and to present practical recommendations for the expedient design and reporting of future studies. A total of 71 Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) assessments and 83 NHE interventions were selected from the data sources PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. Research studies which were presented in peer-reviewed academic journals and implemented the NHE during laboratory-based assessments or multi-week interventions met the eligibility criteria. NHE assessments analyzed force (51%), muscle activation (41%), knee angle kinematics (38%), and bilateral symmetry (37%). NHE interventions lasted 4-8 weeks (56%) and implied an exercise volume of two sessions per week (66%) with two sets per session (41%) and ≥8 repetitions per set (39%). The total ANHEQ scores of the included NHE assessments and interventions were 5.0 ± 2.0 and 2.0 ± 2.0 (median ± interquartile range), respectively. The largest deficits became apparent for consequences of impaired technique (87% 0-point-scores for assessments) and kneeling height (94% 0-point-scores for interventions). The 0-point-scores were generally higher for interventions compared to assessments for rigid fixation (87% vs. 34%), knee position (83% vs. 48%), kneeling height (94% vs. 63%), and separate familiarization (75% vs. 61%). The single ANHEQ criteria, which received the highest score most frequently, were rigid fixation (66% of assessments) and compliance (33% of interventions). The quality of NHE assessments and interventions was generally 'below average' or rather 'poor'. Both NHE assessments and interventions suffered from imprecise reporting or lacking information regarding NHE execution modalities and subsequent analyses. Based on the findings, this scoping review aggregates practical guidelines how to improve the design and reporting of future NHE-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Alt
- Department of Biomechanics, Performance Analysis and Strength & Conditioning, Olympic Training and Testing Centre Westphalia, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jannik Severin
- Institute of Movement and Neuroscience, German Sport University, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Schmidt
- Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Pérez-Gómez J, Adsuar JC, Alcaraz PE, Carlos-Vivas J. Physical exercises for preventing injuries among adult male football players: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:115-122. [PMID: 33188962 PMCID: PMC8847925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Football is the most practised sport in the world and is associated with the risk of injuries in the players. Some studies have been published that identify injury prevention programs, but there is no review of the full body of evidence on injury prevention programs for use by football coaches. The aim of this article was to carry out a systematic review of published studies on injury prevention programs for adult male footballers, identify points of common understanding and establish recommendations that should be considered in the design of injury prevention strategies. METHODS PubMed and EMBASE databases were used to identify relevant published articles using the following keywords: "soccer" AND "injury" AND "prevention". RESULTS A total of 2512 studies were identified initially, but only 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, and their outcomes are presented. Results revealed that injury prevention programs in football have focused on strength training, proprioceptive training, multicomponent programs (balance, core stability, and functional strength and mobility), and warm-up programs. CONCLUSION Based on results from the studies analyzed, football players can lower the incidence of match and training injuries by participating in dynamic warm-up programs that include preventive exercises before games or during training sessions, and by adding strength, balance, and mobility training to the training sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain
| | - José Carmelo Adsuar
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia 30107, Spain
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain.
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Alt T, Schmidt M. The ANHEQ Evaluation Criteria: Introducing Reliable Rating Scales for Assessing Nordic Hamstring Exercise Quality. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2021; 7:91. [PMID: 34894312 PMCID: PMC8665968 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) is very popular for selective eccentric hamstring strengthening. However, NHE-related research is hindered by insufficient details about implementation and reporting. Available tools to assess study quality (e.g., PEDro or TESTEX scale) are too unspecific to account for the specific demands of NHE. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce two rating scales for Assessing Nordic Hamstring Exercise Quality (ANHEQ) of assessment and intervention studies. METHODS Eighteen graduated sports scientists, sports physiotherapists and elite coaches with scientific experience independently evaluated the quality of published NHE studies via ANHEQ scales, each comprising eight items and a maximal 13-point score. Inter-rater agreement was analyzed by using criterion-based reference values, while Krippendorff´s alpha determined inter-rater reliability. Systematic differences of the summated ANHEQ scores were determined using Friedman tests. RESULTS Inter-rater agreement was 87 ± 5% for NHE assessments and 88 ± 6% for interventions with single items ranging from 71 to 100%. Alpha values for inter-rater reliability ranged from fair (.250) to perfect (1.00) depending on the item. Total ANHEQ scores revealed coefficients of .829 (almost perfect) and .772 (substantial) without significant inter-rater differences (p = .292). CONCLUSIONS The ANHEQ scales are suitable tools to rate NHE execution quality and data presentation. They facilitate a comprehensive review of NHE-related evidence and potentially improve the design and reporting of future NHE studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Alt
- Department of Biomechanics, Performance Analysis and Strength and Conditioning, Olympic Training and Testing Centre Westphalia, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marcus Schmidt
- Department for Sports and Sport Sciences, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany.
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Massard T, Carey DL, Whalan M, Sampson JA, Hulin BT, Lovell R. Comparison of player-dependent and independent high-speed running thresholds to model injury risk in football. J Sports Sci 2021; 40:606-613. [PMID: 34789058 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.2006414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
High-speed running (HSR) loads have been linked with non-contact injury risks in team-sports. This study investigated whether player-specific speed zones, reflecting individual fitness characteristics, impact the associations between non-contact injury and acute and chronic HSR loads. Semi-professional soccer players from two clubs (n = 47) were tracked over two seasons using 10 Hz GPS (5552 observations). HSR distances were calculated arbitrarily (≥5.5 m·s-1), and in an individualised fashion based on the final speed of the 30-15 intermittent fitness test. Cumulative running loads were represented by exponentially weighted moving averages with 7-(acute) and 28-day (chronic) decay parameters. Physiotherapists collected non-contact, lower-limb, time-loss injury data (n = 101). Injury models using session type (training vs matches), coach, as well as arbitrary or individualised running loads were constructed via mixed-effect logistic regression. Session type had the largest effect on injury (training vs match OR = 0.28; 95%CI:0.17-0.44). Variations in individualised or arbitrary acute and chronic HSR loads within the mid-range of the observed data had negligible effects on predicted injury risk. However, the uncertainty of estimated effects at extreme values of acute and chronic HSR loads prevented any conclusive findings. Therefore, the efficacy of using customised speed thresholds in quantifying load for injury risk mitigation purposes remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Massard
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia
| | - David L Carey
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matt Whalan
- Centre of Medical and Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - John A Sampson
- Centre of Medical and Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Billy T Hulin
- Centre of Medical and Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,St. George Illawarra Dragons Rugby League Football Club, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Ric Lovell
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia
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Raya-González J, Suarez-Arrones L, Sanchez-Sanchez J, Ramirez-Campillo R, Nakamura FY, Sáez De Villarreal E. Short and Long-Term Effects of a Simple-Strength-Training Program on Injuries Among Elite U-19 Soccer Players. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2021; 92:411-419. [PMID: 32633681 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2020.1741498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the short and long-term effects of a simple strength training program on muscle injury prevention in soccer players. Methods: Twenty-seven U-19 elite male soccer players participated in the study. The investigation was conducted over two consecutive and similar seasons (e.g., the same staff, players, weekly training schedule), the first being the control and the second the experimental season. The strength program was carried out 2 times per week, for 10 weeks, during part of the preseason and in-season. Injury incidence and absence days were compared between both seasons, according to the injury rate ratio (IRR), with 95% CI and the Z test. Results: A lower number of total and hamstring injuries were recorded during the experimental (9 and 2, respectively) compared to the control (15 and 7, respectively) period. During the 10 weeks intervention period, the injury rate ratio (IRR) was lower in the experimental season than in the control season (IRR = 8.12; 95% CI: 1.00-66.03; effect size (ES) = 3.30, large). In addition, there was a decline in absence days per injury and in the number of absence days/1000 h (IRR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.90-3.14; ES = 1.12) during the experimental season. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that this simple strength-training program could reduce the muscle injury incidence during its application period in young soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Y Nakamura
- "G. d´Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara
- James Cook University
- Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB
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Droste JN, Fisser S, Gebhardt M, Edler C, Lippie E, McAleer S, Del Vescovo R, Bloch H, Riepenhof H. [Employees in professional European football: comparison of the personnel structure in sports medicine, sports sciences and physiotherapy between Bundesliga, La Liga, Serie A and Premier League]. SPORTVERLETZUNG-SPORTSCHADEN 2021; 35:147-153. [PMID: 34225378 DOI: 10.1055/a-1386-6932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regional and league-specific differences in injury risk and time loss have been observed in professional European football. Besides time of play or different pre-season preparations, possible reasons may also include medical and sport-scientific support. A survey of what UEFA deems to be the best four football clubs has therefore been conducted to investigate the personnel status in the fields of medicine, physiotherapy, massage, sports science and athletic and "strength and conditioning" coaching in order to compare the Erste Bundesliga with the first leagues of the other countries. METHODS The study is based on a survey of all 78 teams in the highest football leagues of Germany (Bundesliga), Spain (La Liga), Italy (Serie A) and England (Premier League). The teams were contacted directly and a questionnaire concerning their personnel deployment in the different fields was handed out. RESULTS The Bundesliga was found to have a significantly lower total number of employees compared with the other European leagues (6.9 vs. 11.02; p < 0.0001). The number of physicians in the Bundesliga is significantly higher (2.2 vs. 1.76; p = 0.0259), but the number of physicians dedicating more than 80 % of their total medical practice to the team was significantly lower in the Bundesliga (0.2 vs. 1.45; < 0.0001). In the group of physiotherapists (1.8 vs. 3.6; p < 0.001), massage therapists (2.1 vs. 2.69; p = 0.0094), sports scientists (0.3 vs. 1.12; p < 0.0001) and athletic and "strength and conditioning" coaches (0.5 vs. 1.83; p < 0.0001), there were also significant differences between the staff structure in the Bundesliga compared with the grouped results of the other leagues. CONCLUSION The personnel structure and the personnel employment in the Bundesliga in sports medicine and sports sciences differs significantly from La Liga, Serie A and the Premier League with the latter three leagues having more personnel and the personnel having closer ties to their teams. Further investigation is necessary to find out if this may be a reason for the differences in injury rates observed between these leagues. A special focus should be placed on country-specific differences in the professions including education and scope of work.
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Exercise-Based Strategies to Prevent Muscle Injury in Elite Footballers: A Systematic Review and Best Evidence Synthesis. Sports Med 2021; 50:1653-1666. [PMID: 32185630 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise-based strategies are used to prevent muscle injuries in football and studies on different competitive-level populations may provide different results. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise-based muscle injury prevention strategies in adult elite football. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscuss (EBSCO). We considered only elite adult (> 16 year-old) football players with no distinction for gender; the intervention to be any exercise/s performed with the target to prevent lower-limb muscle injuries; the comparison to be no injury prevention exercise undertaken; the outcome to be the number of injuries, injury incidence, and severity. We searched systematic reviews, randomized-controlled trials (RCTs), and non-randomized-controlled trials (NRCTs), limited for English language. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews tool, the Cochrane Collaboration's Tool for assessing risk of bias in RCTs, and the Risk of Bias in NRCTs of Interventions tool. RESULTS 15 studies were included. Three systematic reviews showed inconsistent results, with one supporting (high risk of bias) and two showing insufficient evidence (low risk of bias) to support exercise-based strategies to prevent muscle injuries in elite players. Five RCTs and seven NRCTs support eccentric exercise, proprioception exercises, and a multi-dimensional component to an injury prevention program; however, all were deemed to be at high/critical risk of bias. Only one RCT was found at low risk of bias and supported eccentric exercise for preventing groin problems. CONCLUSION We found limited scientific evidence to support exercise-based strategies to prevent muscle injury in elite footballers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42017077705.
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Raya-Gonzalez J, Castillo D, Clemente FM. Injury prevention of hamstring injuries through exercise interventions. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:1242-1251. [PMID: 33480508 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.11670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hamstring injuries are the most prevalent time-loss injuries in sport, mainly in those modalities characterized by high-intensity and short-term actions, especially accelerations and decelerations during high-speed running. Expanding the knowledge about this type of injury and its preventive programs could be a key strategy to reduce the hamstring injury incidence. Thus, this review aimed to study the effectiveness of different preventive programs based on exercise interventions on reducing the hamstring injury incidence in athletes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION An umbrella review was conducted through of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Database databases. The methodological quality of the included systematic reviews was assessed through the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 and the quality of the evidence was evaluated using the modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation principles. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Eight systematic reviews and meta-analysis (40 primary studies) met the inclusion criteria, which included interventions based on eccentric strength, Nordic hamstring, proprioceptive training, stretching, FIFA11 and combined programs. From the qualitative synthesizes, three studies showed that eccentric-based training programs were effective; seventeen studies reported that Nordic hamstring-based programs were effective; three studies observed that stability training-based interventions were effective; two studies indicated that flexibility were effective; three studies claimed that FIFA11+based programs were effective; and two studies reported that combined programs were effective. CONCLUSIONS Exercise is a key strategy to reduce the hamstring injury incidence, being programs based on eccentric strength mainly by means of Nordic hamstring exercise, and on stability training, those programs which reported greater effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Filipe M Clemente
- School of Sport and Leisure, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
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11
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Navarro-Santana MJ, Asín-Izquierdo I, Gómez-Chiguano GF, Albert-Lucena D, Plaza-Manzano G, Pérez-Silvestre Á. Effects of two exercise programmes on joint position sense, dynamic balance and countermovement jump in male amateur football players. A randomised controlled trial. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2620-2630. [PMID: 32686996 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1794472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The injury prevention and warm-up exercises programmes improve physical performance and injury ratio, but it is poorly investigated in amateur football. Objectives: To assess the effects of two warm-up multi-station programmes (IAI-Programme and FIFA11+) through JPS, LSDT and CMJ. Study design: Randomised controlled trial. Methods: 36 football players were randomised into 2 groups: IAI-Programme (n = 18) and FIFA11+ (n = 18) and performed the intervention protocol for 6 weeks. JPS, LSDT and CMJ were measured at baseline, after 6, 10 and 18 weeks (from baseline). The inter-group and intra-group differences were assessed by repeated-measures analysis of variance test (ANOVA). Results: Significant differences between groups were found after 18 weeks in the absolute angular error (-2.18[-4.33,-0.047], d = 0.69, p < 0.05) of the JPS and in the CMJ (p = 0.001, ŋ2p=,0.298) in favour of IAI-Programme when compared to FIFA11 +. No significant differences between groups were found in the LSDT. There were also intra-group differences observed in the LSDT in both groups. Conclusions: IAI-Programme can provide sensitive benefits with respect to the proprioceptive ability of knee flexion and CMJ than FIFA11 +. Both IAI-Programme and FIFA11+ present improvements in the dynamic postural control measured by the LSDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos J Navarro-Santana
- Health and Rehabilitation Center San Fernando (Centro Médico Rehabilitación San Fernando) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Asín-Izquierdo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá , Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos , Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Pérez-Silvestre
- Centre for Sports Medicine, Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sports (AEPSAD in its Spanish acronym) , Madrid, Spain
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12
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Vera AM, Barrera BD, Peterson LE, Yetter TR, Dong D, Delgado DA, McCulloch PC, Varner KE, Harris JD. An Injury Prevention Program for Professional Ballet: A Randomized Controlled Investigation. Orthop J Sports Med 2020; 8:2325967120937643. [PMID: 32782904 PMCID: PMC7388110 DOI: 10.1177/2325967120937643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few investigations have examined dance-specific injury prevention programs (IPPs), and no published randomized controlled trials are available that evaluate IPPs for dance. HYPOTHESIS The implementation of an IPP will significantly reduce the risk of injury in professional ballet dancers. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was designed that entailed a superiority model for the intervention group. All professional dancers from a single ballet company were eligible to participate. Randomization and allocation were performed before the start of the season. The control group practiced and performed without change to preexisting standard operating practice. The IPP group was instructed to perform a 30-minute exercise program 3 times per week over the 52-week study period. Injuries were recorded. Standard continuous and categorical data comparisons and correlations were used. Cox proportional hazards regression models for recurrent failures were used wherein the hazard ratio indicates the relative likelihood of injury in the control versus intervention groups. RESULTS Of the 52 eligible dancers, 75% (n = 39) participated. Of these 39 dancers, 19 (9 males, 10 females; mean age, 26.6 ± 4.0 years) were randomized to the control group and 20 (11 males, 9 females; mean age, 25.1 ± 5.1 years) to the IPP group. No significant (P > .05) difference was found in baseline demographics between groups. A total of 116 injuries were recorded for the entire study population (49 IPP; 67 control). Traumatic and chronic injuries accounted for 54% and 46% of injuries, respectively. The injury rate was 82% less (IPP hazard ratio, 0.18; z = -2.29; P = .022) in the IPP group after adjustment for confounding variables, and time between injuries was 45% longer (IPP hazard ratio, 0.55; z = -2.20; P = .028) than for controls. CONCLUSION The present study is the first prospective randomized controlled investigation of an IPP for professional ballet. The results showed an 82% decrease in injury rate for the intervention group and an extended period from previous injury to subsequent injury. REGISTRATION NCT04110002 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina M. Vera
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | - Bene D. Barrera
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | - Leif E. Peterson
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | - Thomas R. Yetter
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | - David Dong
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | | | | | - Kevin E. Varner
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
| | - Joshua D. Harris
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston, Texas,
USA
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13
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Rahlf AL, Zech A. Comparison of 10 vs. 20 min neuromuscular training for the prevention of lower extremity injuries in male youth football: A cluster randomised controlled trial. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2177-2185. [PMID: 32520644 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1776459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 20 min neuromuscular training with a programme of 10 min in youth football players. 342 (15.4 ± 1.7 years) male football players from 18 teams were included, and cluster-randomized by team into two intervention groups. Both groups performed an injury prevention programme twice a week over five months using the same exercises but a different duration. The first intervention group (INT10, n = 175) performed the programme for 10 min, the second intervention group (INT20, n = 167) for 20 min. Primary outcomes were lower extremity (LE) injuries. Secondary outcomes were injury type, severity, mechanism and compliance to the intervention. 13 teams with 185 players were included for final analysis. No significant group difference was found between INT10 (6.37 per 1000 h) and INT20 (7.20 per 1000 h) for the incidence rate ratio of the lower extremities (IRR = 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.59, 1.79), nor for the distribution of injury location, type, severity or mechanism. The results show that performing preventive exercises for 10 min is no less effective than 20 min in youth football players. Shorter training sessions can, therefore, be effectively used for injury prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION DRKS00015282.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lina Rahlf
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena , Jena, Germany
| | - Astrid Zech
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena , Jena, Germany
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14
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Raya-González J, García-Esteban S, Hume P, Castillo D. Effects of Gluteal Muscles Strengthening on Lower-Limb Injuries in Male Professional Handball Players. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 35:1593-1598. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Lago-Fuentes C, Jiménez-Loaisa A, Padrón-Cabo A, Mecías-Calvo M, Rey E. Perceptions of the technical staff of professional teams regarding injury prevention in Spanish national futsal leagues: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8817. [PMID: 32257644 PMCID: PMC7102501 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Futsal is a sport with increasing popularity and level of performance, both in male and female categories. Also, there are several injuries along a season, so it is needed to know how to reduce this burden. The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of technical staff on injury risk factors, risk testing and preventive measures, and the strategies used by them within professional male and female futsal teams. A cross-sectional study was designed during the 2017–2018 season. A total of 32 futsal teams involved in male and female Spanish national futsal leagues completed, through an online survey platform, a questionnaire about injury risk factors, risk testing and preventive measures. Findings showed that: (a) most teams reported enough human resources, but insufficient material and time resources, (b) the main risk factors detected were previous injuries, strength deficits and dehydration, (c) functional movement patterns, flexibility tests and self-report questionnaires were the most applied tests for detecting injury risks in their players and (d) most of the main preventive measures used by technical staff matched with the best valued by them. Technical staff defined properly the main risk factors in futsal performance, as well as they applied preventive strategies with scientific support. The information provided in this research could be of interest for sport scientists and technical staff when designing more accurate and efficient injury prevention programs in futsal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lago-Fuentes
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Alejandro Jiménez-Loaisa
- Department of Sport Sciences, Sport Research Center, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Alexis Padrón-Cabo
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Marcos Mecías-Calvo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Rey
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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16
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Quantifying Functional Ankle Rehabilitation Progression Criteria Using GPS: A Preliminary Study. J Sport Rehabil 2019; 28:729-734. [DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Context: Contemporary developments in Global Positioning System (GPS) technology present a means of quantifying mechanical loading in a clinical environment with high ecological validity. However, applications to date have typically focused on performance rather than rehabilitation. Objective: To examine the efficacy of GPS microtechnology in quantifying the progression of loading during functional rehabilitation from ankle sprain injury, given the prevalence of reinjury and need for quantifiable monitoring. Furthermore, to examine the influence of unit placement on the clinical interpretation of loading during specific functional rehabilitation drills. Design: Repeated measures. Setting: University athletic facilities. Participants: Twenty-two female intermittent team sports players. Intervention: All players completed a battery of 5 drills (anterior hop, inversion hop, eversion hop, diagonal hop, and diagonal hurdle hop) designed to reflect the mechanism of ankle sprain injury, and progress functional challenge and loading. Main Outcome Measures: GPS-mounted accelerometers quantified uniaxial PlayerLoad for each drill, with units placed at C7 and the tibia. Main effects for drill type and GPS location were investigated. Results: There was a significant main effect for drill type (P < .001) in the mediolateral (η2 = .436), anteroposterior (η2 = .480), and vertical planes (η2 = .516). The diagonal hurdle hop elicited significantly greater load than all other drills, highlighting a nonlinear progression of load. Only the mediolateral load showed evidence of progressive increase in loading. PlayerLoad was significantly greater at the tibia than at C7 for all drills, and in all planes (P < .001, η2 ≥ .662). Furthermore, the tibia placement was more sensitive to between-drill changes in mediolateral load than the C7 placement. Conclusions: The placement of the GPS unit is imperative to clinical interpretation, with both magnitude and sensitivity influenced by the unit location. GPS does provide efficacy in quantifying multiplanar loading during (p)rehabilitation, in a field or clinical setting, with potential in extending GPS analyses (beyond performance metrics) to functional injury rehabilitation and prevention.
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17
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Suarez-Arrones L, Lara-Lopez P, Maldonado R, Torreno N, De Hoyo M, Nakamura FY, Di Salvo V, Mendez-Villanueva A. The effects of detraining and retraining periods on fat-mass and fat-free mass in elite male soccer players. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7466. [PMID: 31423358 PMCID: PMC6697042 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of a detraining period (DTP) (i.e., off-season) with an individually prescribed training program, and a retraining period (RTP) (i.e., pre-season) combining soccer and flywheel-based strength training on fat-free mass (FFM) and fat-mass (FM) in 10 elite professional male soccer players. The present study used a controlled repeated-measures research design to investigate the changes in FFM and FM using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Whole body %FM increased (effect size (ES) = 0.87 ± 0.46) and FFM reduced after DTP (ES = −0.30 ± 0.19), returning to values comparable to the end of the previous season after RTP. At regional levels, arms, legs, and trunk %FM increased (ES = from 0.42 to 1.29) while trunk-FFM was reduced (ES = −0.40 ± 0.26) after DTP, returning to the values observed at the end of the previous season after RTP. Legs-FFM did not change after DTP, with a substantial increase after RTP in comparison with pre-season values (ES = 0.34 ± 0.29 and 0.53 ± 0.36 for the right and left leg, respectively). Despite the small sample size of the present study, the findings indicate that elite soccer players can be allowed 2 weeks of rest during a five-week DTP, since the changes in %FM and FFM were relatively small, and FM and FFM returned to the optimal initial values for competition after the proposed RTP during the pre-season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Suarez-Arrones
- Department of Sport and Informatics, Section of Physical Education and Sport, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, Spain.,Performance Department, FC Basel 1893, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pilar Lara-Lopez
- Football Science Department, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael Maldonado
- Sports Science Department, FC Girondins de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nacho Torreno
- Performance Department, FC Basel 1893, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabio Yuzo Nakamura
- The College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.,Associate Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Valter Di Salvo
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
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18
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Oliveira R, Brito J, Martins A, Mendes B, Calvete F, Carriço S, Ferraz R, Marques MC. In-season training load quantification of one-, two- and three-game week schedules in a top European professional soccer team. Physiol Behav 2019; 201:146-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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van Dyk N, Behan FP, Whiteley R. Including the Nordic hamstring exercise in injury prevention programmes halves the rate of hamstring injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 8459 athletes. Br J Sports Med 2019; 53:1362-1370. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Research questionDoes the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) prevent hamstring injuries when included as part of an injury prevention intervention?DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe considered the population to be any athletes participating in any sporting activity, the intervention to be the NHE, the comparison to be usual training or other prevention programmes, which did not include the NHE, and the outcome to be the incidence or rate of hamstring injuries.AnalysisThe effect of including the NHE in injury prevention programmes compared with controls on hamstring injuries was assessed in 15 studies that reported the incidence across different sports and age groups in both women and men.Data sourcesMEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL via Ebsco, and OpenGrey.ResultsThere is a reduction in the overall injury risk ratio of 0.49 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.74, p=0.0008) in favour of programmes including the NHE. Secondary analyses when pooling the eight randomised control studies demonstrated a small increase in the overall injury risk ratio 0.52 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.85, p=0.0008), still in favour of the NHE. Additionally, when studies with a high risk of bias were removed (n=8), there is an increase of 0.06 in the risk ratio to 0.55 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.89, p=0.006).ConclusionsProgrammes that include the NHE reduce hamstring injuries by up to 51%. The NHE essentially halves the rate of hamstring injuries across multiple sports in different athletes.Trial registration numberPROSPERO CRD42018106150.
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20
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Vriend I, Gouttebarge V, Finch CF, van Mechelen W, Verhagen EALM. Intervention Strategies Used in Sport Injury Prevention Studies: A Systematic Review Identifying Studies Applying the Haddon Matrix. Sports Med 2018; 47:2027-2043. [PMID: 28303544 PMCID: PMC5603636 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-017-0718-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of sport injuries is crucial to maximise the health and societal benefits of a physically active lifestyle. To strengthen the translation and implementation of the available evidence base on effective preventive measures, a range of potentially relevant strategies should be considered. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to identify and categorise intervention strategies for the prevention of acute sport injuries evaluated in the scientific literature, applying the Haddon matrix, and identify potential knowledge gaps. METHODS Five electronic databases were searched (PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Cochrane) for studies that evaluated the effect of interventions on the occurrence of acute sport injuries. Studies were required to include a control group/condition, prospective data collection, and a quantitative injury outcome measure. RESULTS A total of 155 studies were included, mostly randomised controlled trials (43%). The majority of studies (55%) focussed on strategies requiring a behavioural change on the part of athletes. Studies predominantly evaluated the preventive effect of various training programmes targeted at the 'pre-event' phase (n = 73) and the use of equipment to avoid injury in the 'event phase' (n = 29). A limited number of studies evaluated the preventive effect of strategies geared at rules and regulations (n = 14), and contextual modifications (n = 18). Studies specifically aimed at preventing re-injuries were a minority (n = 8), and were mostly related to ankle sprains (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS Valuable insight into the extent of the evidence base of sport injury prevention studies was obtained for 20 potential intervention strategies. This approach can be used to monitor potential gaps in the knowledge base on sport injury prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Vriend
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Consumer Safety Institute VeiligheidNL, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Gouttebarge
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Consumer Safety Institute VeiligheidNL, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Caroline F Finch
- Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Evert A L M Verhagen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, IOC Research Center, AMC/VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia.
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21
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Suarez-Arrones L, Saez de Villarreal E, Núñez FJ, Di Salvo V, Petri C, Buccolini A, Maldonado RA, Torreno N, Mendez-Villanueva A. In-season eccentric-overload training in elite soccer players: Effects on body composition, strength and sprint performance. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205332. [PMID: 30325935 PMCID: PMC6191107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the changes in body composition, strength and sprint performance in response to an entire competitive season of football training supplemented with 2 inertial eccentric-overload training sessions a week in young male professional soccer players. Whole body and regional composition (assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), power output in half-squat and 40-m sprinting performance were evaluated in fourteen players. The eccentric-overload training consisted of training sessions a week of 1–2 sets of 10 exercises of upper-body and core (Day 1) and lower-body (Day 2), during the entire competitive season (27 weeks). Whole body fat mass decreased (-6.3 ± 3.6%, ES = -0.99 ± 0.54) substantially while lean mass increased (2.5 ± 0.8%, ES = 0.25 ± 0.09), with some regional differences. There was a substantial increase in half-squat power output (from 3% to 14%, ES from 0.45 to 1.73) and sprint performance (from 1.1% to 1.8%, ES from -0.33 to -0.44), however performance changes were not correlated with changes in body composition. A combined soccer and eccentric-overload training program was able to promote positive changes in body composition and physical factors relevant to both on-field performance and injury prevention in elite soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Suarez-Arrones
- Department of Sport and Informatics, Section of Physical Education and Sport, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, Spain
- Football Performance & Science Department, ASPIRE Academy, Doha, Qatar
- * E-mail:
| | - Eduardo Saez de Villarreal
- Department of Sport and Informatics, Section of Physical Education and Sport, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Núñez
- Department of Sport and Informatics, Section of Physical Education and Sport, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valter Di Salvo
- Football Performance & Science Department, ASPIRE Academy, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristian Petri
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinic Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Nacho Torreno
- Sport Sciences Department, ACF Fiorentina S.p.A., Florence, Italy
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22
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Bennett H, Davison K, Arnold J, Slattery F, Martin M, Norton K. Multicomponent Musculoskeletal Movement Assessment Tools: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of Their Development and Applicability to Professional Practice. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 31:2903-2919. [PMID: 28614164 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent movement assessment tools have become commonplace to measure movement quality, proposing to indicate injury risk and performance capabilities. Despite popular use, there has been no attempt to compare the components of each tool reported in the literature, the processes in which they were developed, or the underpinning rationale for their included content. As such, the objective of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive summary of current movement assessment tools and appraise the evidence supporting their development. A systematic literature search was performed using PRISMA guidelines to identify multicomponent movement assessment tools. Commonalities between tools and the evidence provided to support the content of each tool was identified. Each tool underwent critical appraisal to identify the rigor in which it was developed, and its applicability to professional practice. Eleven tools were identified, of which 5 provided evidence to support their content as assessments of movement quality. One assessment tool (Soccer Injury Movement Screen [SIMS]) received an overall score of above 65% on critical appraisal, with a further 2 tools (Movement Competency Screen [MCS] and modified 4 movement screen [M4-MS]) scoring above 60%. Only the MCS provided clear justification for its developmental process. The remaining 8 tools scored between 40 and 60%. On appraisal, the MCS, M4-MS, and SIMS seem to provide the most practical value for assessing movement quality as they provide the strongest reports of developmental rigor and an identifiable evidence base. In addition, considering the evidence provided, these tools may have the strongest potential for identifying performance capabilities and guiding exercise prescription in athletic and sport-specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Bennett
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Sansom Institute for Health Research, Universitiy of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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23
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Kristiansen JB, Larsson I. Elite professional soccer players’ experience of injury prevention. COGENT MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2017.1389257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Bredahl Kristiansen
- Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Brøndby IF, Rentemestervej 7A, 2. Th. 2400, Copenhagen, NW, Denmark
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24
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Wardle SL, Greeves JP. Mitigating the risk of musculoskeletal injury: A systematic review of the most effective injury prevention strategies for military personnel. J Sci Med Sport 2017; 20 Suppl 4:S3-S10. [PMID: 29103913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To update the current injury prevention strategy evidence base for making recommendations to prevent physical training-related musculoskeletal injury. DESIGN We conducted a systematic review to update the evidence base on injury prevention strategies for military personnel. METHODS Literature was systematically searched and extracted from five databases, and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. Sixty one articles meeting the inclusion criteria and published during the period 2008-2015 were selected for systematic review. RESULTS The retrieved articles were broadly categorised into six injury prevention strategies; (1) conditioning, (2) footwear modifications, (3) bracing, (4) physical activity volume, (5) physical fitness, and (6) leadership/supervision/awareness. The majority of retrieved articles (n=37 (of 61) evaluated or systematically reviewed a conditioning intervention of some nature. However, the most well-supported strategies were related to reducing physical activity volume and improving leadership/supervision/awareness of injuries and injury prevention efforts. CONCLUSIONS Several injury prevention strategies effectively reduce musculoskeletal injury rates in both sexes, and many show promise for utility with military personnel. However, further evaluation, ideally with prospective randomised trials, is required to establish the most effective injury prevention strategies, and to understand any sex-specific differences in the response to these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Wardle
- Division of Applied Human Physiology, Army Personnel Research Capability, Army Headquarters, Andover, UK.
| | - Julie P Greeves
- Division of Applied Human Physiology, Army Personnel Research Capability, Army Headquarters, Andover, UK
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25
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Injury Prevention Exercise Programs for Professional Soccer: Understanding the Perceptions of the End-Users. Clin J Sport Med 2017; 27:1-9. [PMID: 26829608 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the perceptions of professional soccer players and staff members toward injury prevention exercise programs (IPEPs). DESIGN Self-report survey. SETTING Four professional soccer teams in 4 different countries. PARTICIPANTS 126 players, coaches, physiotherapists, and fitness coaches were invited to participate, with 72 respondents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Web-based survey detailing perceptions of lower limb (LL) injury susceptibility and seriousness, the value of IPEPs in general, and more specifically the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) 11+. RESULTS The vast majority of the respondents believed that professional soccer players are at high risk of LL injuries (93%) and that players should perform evidence-based injury prevention exercises (98%). They also agreed that LL injuries can shorten a player's career (85%), cause physical problems later in life (82%), and negatively impact on team performance (77%). However, perceptions varied across teams regarding which types of injury prevention exercises are effective, who holds responsibility for injury prevention, and when IPEPs should be performed. Specific knowledge of the FIFA 11+ was very low and 47% of respondents believed the program would need modification for use in their team. CONCLUSIONS Players and staff members in professional soccer teams strongly support the use of evidence-based IPEPs. However, perceptions vary considerably between teams regarding which exercises can prevent injuries, who holds the responsibility for injury prevention, and when preventive exercises should be performed. Enhancing the ultimate impact of IPEPs in professional soccer requires a detailed understanding of each team's specific implementation context.
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26
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Artells R, Pruna R, Dellal A, Maffulli N. Elastin: a possible genetic biomarker for more severe ligament injuries in elite soccer. A pilot study. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2016; 6:188-192. [PMID: 27900291 PMCID: PMC5115249 DOI: 10.11138/mltj/2016.6.2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of new genetic biomarkers in genes related to connective tissue repair and regeneration may help to identify individuals with greater predisposition to injury, who may benefit from targeted preventive measures, and those who require longer recovery time following a muscle, ligament or tendon injury. The present study investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms of the Elastin gene could be related to MCL injury. METHODS 60 top class football players were studied to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms for the Elastin (ELN) gene using Allelic Discrimination analysis. Each player was followed for 7 seasons, and each MCL injury was noted. RESULTS Ligament injury rate, severity and recovery time are related to specific genotypes observed in the elastin gene, especially the ELN-AA (16 MCL) and the ELN-AG (3 MCL). Players with the ELN-GG genotype sustained no MCL injury during the 7 seasons of the study. CONCLUSIONS The identification of polymorphisms in the ELN gene may be used as a novel tool to better define an athlete's genotype, and help to plan training and rehabilitation programmes to prevent or minimize MCL ligament injuries, and optimize the therapeutic and rehabilitation process after soft tissue injuries, and manage the workloads during trainings and matches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Artells
- SM Genomics, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Pruna
- FC Barcelona Medical Services, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Dellal
- FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Centre Orhopedique Santy, Lyon, France
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders Faculty of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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27
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McCall A, Davison M, Andersen TE, Beasley I, Bizzini M, Dupont G, Duffield R, Carling C, Dvorak J. Injury prevention strategies at the FIFA 2014 World Cup: perceptions and practices of the physicians from the 32 participating national teams. Br J Sports Med 2016; 49:603-8. [PMID: 25878078 PMCID: PMC4413740 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The available scientific research regarding injury prevention practices in international football is sparse. The purpose of this study was to quantify current practice with regard to (1) injury prevention of top-level footballers competing in an international tournament, and (2) determine the main challenges and issues faced by practitioners in these national teams. Methods A survey was administered to physicians of the 32 competing national teams at the FIFA 2014 World Cup. The survey included 4 sections regarding perceptions and practices concerning non-contact injuries: (1) risk factors, (2) screening tests and monitoring tools, (3) preventative strategies and (4) reflection on their experience at the World Cup. Results Following responses from all teams (100%), the present study revealed the most important intrinsic (previous injury, accumulated fatigue, agonist:antagonist muscle imbalance) and extrinsic (reduced recovery time, training load prior to and during World Cup, congested fixtures) risk factors during the FIFA 2014 World Cup. The 5 most commonly used tests for risk factors were: flexibility, fitness, joint mobility, balance and strength; monitoring tools commonly used were: medical screen, minutes/matches played, subjective and objective wellness, heart rate and biochemical markers. The 5 most important preventative exercises were: flexibility, core, combined contractions, balance and eccentric. Conclusions The present study showed that many of the National football (soccer) teams’ injury prevention perceptions and practices follow a coherent approach. There remains, however, a lack of consistent research findings to support some of these perceptions and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan McCall
- Research and Development Department, LOSC Lille Métropole Football Club, Lille, France University Edinburgh Napier, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael Davison
- Isokinetic, Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence
| | - Thor Einar Andersen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway The Football Association of Norway, Ullevål Stadion, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ian Beasley
- Sports Medicine and Science Department, English Football Association, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, London, UK
| | - Mario Bizzini
- F-MARC (FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre), Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gregory Dupont
- Research and Development Department, LOSC Lille Métropole Football Club, Lille, France Univ Lille Nord de France, UDSL, Lille, France
| | - Rob Duffield
- Sport & Exercise Discipline Group, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
| | - Chris Carling
- Research and Development Department, LOSC Lille Métropole Football Club, Lille, France Institute of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK
| | - Jiri Dvorak
- F-MARC (FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre), Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
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O'Brien J, Finch CF. Injury prevention exercise programmes in professional youth soccer: understanding the perceptions of programme deliverers. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2016; 2:e000075. [PMID: 27900158 PMCID: PMC5117035 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2015-000075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are well-known challenges to implementing injury prevention strategies in amateur soccer, but information from other soccer settings is scarce. This cross-sectional survey analysed the injury prevention perceptions of soccer coaches, fitness coaches and physiotherapists from 4 male teams in a professional youth soccer academy. METHODS The respondents (n=18) completed a web-based survey relating to lower limb (LL) soccer injuries, the value and practicality of injury prevention exercise programmes (IPEPs) in general and, more specifically, the IPEP endorsed by FIFA, the FIFA 11+. RESULTS There were very high levels of agreement regarding players' susceptibility to LL injury and the seriousness of these injuries. Respondents agreed unanimously that players should perform evidence-based injury prevention exercises. Despite 61% of respondents having previously heard of the FIFA 11+, just 6% reported current use of the full programme, with a further 22% reporting modified use. 22% believed the FIFA 11+ contained adequate variation and progression for their team and 78% felt it needed improvement. Respondents identified multiple barriers and facilitators to maintaining IPEPs, relating either to the programme content (eg, exercise variation), or the delivery and support of the programme (eg, coach acceptance). CONCLUSIONS The coaches, fitness coaches and physiotherapists of professional youth teams support the use of IPEPs, but enhancing their impact requires tailoring of programme content, along with adequate delivery and support at multiple levels. The findings suggest that the FIFA 11+ needs modification for use in professional youth soccer teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Brien
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia , Ballarat, Victoria , Australia
| | - Caroline F Finch
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia , Ballarat, Victoria , Australia
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Cruz-Ferreira A, Marujo A, Folgado H, Gutierres Filho P, Fernandes J. Programas de exercício na prevenção de lesões em jogadores de futebol: uma revisão sistemática. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-86922015210302174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentre as lesões ocorridas em jogadores de futebol, as lesões dos isquiotibiais são as mais frequentes. Programas de exercício que previnam o seu aparecimento e diminuam a sua recorrência e severidade são de extrema importância para os fisioterapeutas, treinadores e jogadores. Conhecer as evidências científicas sobre a eficácia de programas de exercício na prevenção de lesões dos isquiotibiais, em jogadores de futebol masculino. Os estudos foram selecionados para revisão em diferentes bases de dados. Para avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos estudos e a força de evidência dos resultados utilizou-se a escala da Base de dados de Evidência em Fisioterapia (PEDro) e o sistema de classificação Melhor Síntese de Evidência, respectivamente. Os programas de exercício utilizados foram: força concêntrica e excêntrica; força excêntrica Nordic Hamstrings; The FIFA 11+; e elasticidade. As variáveis estudadas foram a incidência de lesões, a incidência de novas lesões, a recorrência de lesões, a severidade das lesões e o risco de lesão. O programa de força concêntrica e excêntrica e o programa de força excêntrica Nordic Hamstrings parecem ser os mais eficazes na redução da incidência das lesões e da incidência de novas lesões dos isquiotibiais, respetivamente (evidências limitadas). O programa de exercício de força excêntrica Nordic Hamstring não é eficaz na diminuição do risco de lesão (evidências limitada) e na melhoria da severidade das lesões (evidência moderada). O programa The FIFA 11+ não é eficaz na redução da incidência das lesões (evidência limitada). Há evidências contraditórias nas variáveis restantes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cruz-Ferreira
- Universidade de Évora, Portugal; Centro de Investigação de Desporto, Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Portugal
| | | | - Hugo Folgado
- Universidade de Évora, Portugal; Centro de Investigação de Desporto, Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge Fernandes
- Universidade de Évora, Portugal; Centro de Investigação de Desporto, Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Portugal
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