1
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Lingwood C. Is cholesterol both the lock and key to abnormal transmembrane signals in Autism Spectrum Disorder? Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:114. [PMID: 38643132 PMCID: PMC11032007 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in cholesterol homeostasis have been associated with ASD. Lipid rafts are central in many transmembrane signaling pathways (including mTOR) and changes in raft cholesterol content affect their order function. Cholesterol levels are controlled by several mechanisms, including endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD) of the rate limiting HMGCoA reductase. A new approach to increase cholesterol via temporary ERAD blockade using a benign bacterial toxin-derived competitor for the ERAD translocon is suggested.A new lock and key model for cholesterol/lipid raft dependent signaling is proposed in which the rafts provide both the afferent and efferent 'tumblers' across the membrane to allow 'lock and key' receptor transmembrane signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford Lingwood
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada.
- Departments of Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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2
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Rivera Alvarez J, Asselin L, Tilly P, Benoit R, Batisse C, Richert L, Batisse J, Morlet B, Levet F, Schwaller N, Mély Y, Ruff M, Reymann AC, Godin JD. The kinesin Kif21b regulates radial migration of cortical projection neurons through a non-canonical function on actin cytoskeleton. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112744. [PMID: 37418324 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Completion of neuronal migration is critical for brain development. Kif21b is a plus-end-directed kinesin motor protein that promotes intracellular transport and controls microtubule dynamics in neurons. Here we report a physiological function of Kif21b during radial migration of projection neurons in the mouse developing cortex. In vivo analysis in mouse and live imaging on cultured slices demonstrate that Kif21b regulates the radial glia-guided locomotion of newborn neurons independently of its motility on microtubules. We show that Kif21b directly binds and regulates the actin cytoskeleton both in vitro and in vivo in migratory neurons. We establish that Kif21b-mediated regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics influences branching and nucleokinesis during neuronal locomotion. Altogether, our results reveal atypical roles of Kif21b on the actin cytoskeleton during migration of cortical projection neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rivera Alvarez
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Laure Asselin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Peggy Tilly
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Roxane Benoit
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Batisse
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ludovic Richert
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7021, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Julien Batisse
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bastien Morlet
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Florian Levet
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5297, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, 33000 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UAR 3420, US 4, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Noémie Schwaller
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yves Mély
- Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7021, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Marc Ruff
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Reymann
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Juliette D Godin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IGBMC, 67404 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, UMR7104, 67404 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, U1258, 67404 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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3
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Wendel B, Heidenreich M, Budde M, Heilbronner M, Oraki Kohshour M, Papiol S, Falkai P, Schulze TG, Heilbronner U, Bickeböller H. Kalpra: A kernel approach for longitudinal pathway regression analysis integrating network information with an application to the longitudinal PsyCourse Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:1015885. [PMID: 36561312 PMCID: PMC9767414 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1015885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A popular approach to reduce the high dimensionality resulting from genome-wide association studies is to analyze a whole pathway in a single test for association with a phenotype. Kernel machine regression (KMR) is a highly flexible pathway analysis approach. Initially, KMR was developed to analyze a simple phenotype with just one measurement per individual. Recently, however, the investigation into the influence of genomic factors in the development of disease-related phenotypes across time (trajectories) has gained in importance. Thus, novel statistical approaches for KMR analyzing longitudinal data, i.e. several measurements at specific time points per individual are required. For longitudinal pathway analysis, we extend KMR to long-KMR using the estimation equivalence of KMR and linear mixed models. We include additional random effects to correct for the dependence structure. Moreover, within long-KMR we created a topology-based pathway analysis by combining this approach with a kernel including network information of the pathway. Most importantly, long-KMR not only allows for the investigation of the main genetic effect adjusting for time dependencies within an individual, but it also allows to test for the association of the pathway with the longitudinal course of the phenotype in the form of testing the genetic time-interaction effect. The approach is implemented as an R package, kalpra. Our simulation study demonstrates that the power of long-KMR exceeded that of another KMR method previously developed to analyze longitudinal data, while maintaining (slightly conservatively) the type I error. The network kernel improved the performance of long-KMR compared to the linear kernel. Considering different pathway densities, the power of the network kernel decreased with increasing pathway density. We applied long-KMR to cognitive data on executive function (Trail Making Test, part B) from the PsyCourse Study and 17 candidate pathways selected from Reactome. We identified seven nominally significant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Wendel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany,*Correspondence: Bernadette Wendel,
| | - Markus Heidenreich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Monika Budde
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mojtaba Oraki Kohshour
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas G. Schulze
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Urs Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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4
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Hu B, Zhang H, Xu M, Li L, Wu M, Zhang S, Liu X, Xia W, Xu K, Xiao J, Zhang H, Ni L. Delivery of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Through an In Situ Forming Smart Hydrogel Activates Autophagy in Schwann Cells and Improves Facial Nerves Generation via the PAK-1 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:778680. [PMID: 35431972 PMCID: PMC9011134 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.778680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although studies have shown that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can activate autophagy and promote peripheral nerve repair, the role and the molecular mechanism of action of bFGF in the facial nerve are not clear. In this study, a thermosensitive in situ forming poloxamer hydrogel was used as a vehicle to deliver bFGF for treating facial nerve injury (FNI) in the rat model. Using H&E and Masson’s staining, we found that bFGF hydrogel can promote the functional recovery and regeneration of the facial nerve. Furthermore, studies on the mechanism showed that bFGF can promote FNI recovery by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis. Additionally, this study demonstrated that the role of hydrogel binding bFGF in nerve repair was mediated through the activation of the PAK1 signaling pathway in Schwann cells (SCs). These results indicated that poloxamer thermosensitive hydrogel loaded with bFGF can significantly restore the morphology and function of the injured facial nerve by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis by activating the PAK1 pathway, which can provide a promising strategy for FNI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hanbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Menglu Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Man Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Susu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weidong Xia
- Department of Burn, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Xiao, ; Hongyu Zhang, ; Liyan Ni,
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Xiao, ; Hongyu Zhang, ; Liyan Ni,
| | - Liyan Ni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Xiao, ; Hongyu Zhang, ; Liyan Ni,
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5
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Sun JH, Huang M, Fang Z, Li TX, Wu TT, Chen Y, Quan DP, Xu YY, Wang YM, Yang Y, Zou JL. Nerve bundle formation during the promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration: collagen VI-neural cell adhesion molecule 1 interaction. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1023-1033. [PMID: 34558529 PMCID: PMC8552870 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.324861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of nerve bundles, which is partially regulated by neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1), is important for neural network organization during peripheral nerve regeneration. However, little is known about how the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment affects this process. Here, we seeded dorsal root ganglion tissue blocks on different ECM substrates of peripheral nerve ECM-derived matrix-gel, Matrigel, laminin 521, collagen I, and collagen IV, and observed well-aligned axon bundles growing in the peripheral nerve ECM-derived environment. We confirmed that NCAM1 is necessary but not sufficient to trigger this phenomenon. A protein interaction assay identified collagen VI as an extracellular partner of NCAM1 in the regulation of axonal fasciculation. Collagen VI interacted with NCAM1 by directly binding to the FNIII domain, thereby increasing the stability of NCAM1 at the axolemma. Our in vivo experiments on a rat sciatic nerve defect model also demonstrated orderly nerve bundle regeneration with improved projection accuracy and functional recovery after treatment with 10 mg/mL Matrigel and 20 μg/mL collagen VI. These findings suggest that the collagen VI-NCAM1 pathway plays a regulatory role in nerve bundle formation. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Medical University (approval No. GY2019048) on April 30, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yatsen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tian-Xiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yatsen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Da-Ping Quan
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying-Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Microsurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Long Zou
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Function and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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6
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PAK1 Positively Regulates Oligodendrocyte Morphology and Myelination. J Neurosci 2021; 41:1864-1877. [PMID: 33478987 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0229-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is crucial for oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. Here we show that p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), a well-known actin regulator, promotes oligodendrocyte morphologic change and myelin production in the CNS. A combination of in vitro and in vivo models demonstrated that PAK1 is expressed throughout the oligodendrocyte lineage with highest expression in differentiated oligodendrocytes. Inhibiting PAK1 early in oligodendrocyte development decreased oligodendrocyte morphologic complexity and altered F-actin spreading at the tips of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell processes. Constitutively activating AKT in oligodendrocytes in male and female mice, which leads to excessive myelin wrapping, increased PAK1 expression, suggesting an impact of PAK1 during active myelin wrapping. Furthermore, constitutively activating PAK1 in oligodendrocytes in zebrafish led to an increase in myelin internode length while inhibiting PAK1 during active myelination decreased internode length. As myelin parameters influence conduction velocity, these data suggest that PAK1 may influence communication within the CNS. These data support a model in which PAK1 is a positive regulator of CNS myelination.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Myelin is a critical component of the CNS that provides metabolic support to neurons and also facilitates communication between cells in the CNS. Recent data demonstrate that actin dynamics drives myelin wrapping, but how actin is regulated during myelin wrapping is unknown. The authors investigate the role of the cytoskeletal modulator PAK1 during differentiation and myelination by oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS. They demonstrate that PAK1 promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination by modulating the cytoskeleton and thereby internode length, thus playing a critical role in the function of the CNS.
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7
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Zhang K, Wang Y, Fan T, Zeng C, Sun ZS. The p21-activated kinases in neural cytoskeletal remodeling and related neurological disorders. Protein Cell 2020; 13:6-25. [PMID: 33306168 PMCID: PMC8776968 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00812-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine p21-activated kinases (PAKs), as main effectors of the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac, represent a group of important molecular switches linking the complex cytoskeletal networks to broad neural activity. PAKs show wide expression in the brain, but they differ in specific cell types, brain regions, and developmental stages. PAKs play an essential and differential role in controlling neural cytoskeletal remodeling and are related to the development and fate of neurons as well as the structural and functional plasticity of dendritic spines. PAK-mediated actin signaling and interacting functional networks represent a common pathway frequently affected in multiple neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Considering specific small-molecule agonists and inhibitors for PAKs have been developed in cancer treatment, comprehensive knowledge about the role of PAKs in neural cytoskeletal remodeling will promote our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying neurological diseases, which may also represent potential therapeutic targets of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifan Zhang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Tianda Fan
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhong Sheng Sun
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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8
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Sheng L, Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V. Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 2 (NCAM2)-Induced c-Src-Dependent Propagation of Submembrane Ca2+ Spikes Along Dendrites Inhibits Synapse Maturation. Cereb Cortex 2020. [PMID: 29522129 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) is encoded by a gene on chromosome 21 in humans. NCAM2 accumulates in synapses, but its role in regulation of synapse formation remains poorly understood. We demonstrate that an increase in NCAM2 levels results in increased instability of dendritic protrusions and reduced conversion of protrusions to dendritic spines in mouse cortical neurons. NCAM2 overexpression induces an increase in the frequency of submembrane Ca2+ spikes localized in individual dendritic protrusions and promotes propagation of submembrane Ca2+ spikes over segments of dendrites or the whole dendritic tree. NCAM2-dependent submembrane Ca2+ spikes are L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel-dependent, and their propagation but not initiation depends on the c-Src protein tyrosine kinase. Inhibition of initiation or propagation of NCAM2-dependent submembrane Ca2+ spikes reduces the NCAM2-dependent instability of dendritic protrusions. Synaptic boutons formed on dendrites of neurons with elevated NCAM2 expression are enriched in the protein marker of immature synapses GAP43, and the number of boutons with mature activity-dependent synaptic vesicle recycling is reduced. Our results indicate that synapse maturation is inhibited in NCAM2-overexpressing neurons and suggest that changes in NCAM2 levels and altered submembrane Ca2+ dynamics can cause defects in synapse maturation in Down syndrome and other brain disorders associated with abnormal NCAM2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifu Sheng
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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9
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Huang R, Yuan DJ, Li S, Liang XS, Gao Y, Lan XY, Qin HM, Ma YF, Xu GY, Schachner M, Sytnyk V, Boltze J, Ma QH, Li S. NCAM regulates temporal specification of neural progenitor cells via profilin2 during corticogenesis. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:132733. [PMID: 31816056 PMCID: PMC7039204 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201902164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cerebral cortex requires spatially and temporally orchestrated proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). The molecular mechanisms underlying cortical development are, however, not fully understood. The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) has been suggested to play a role in corticogenesis. Here we show that NCAM is dynamically expressed in the developing cortex. NCAM expression in NPCs is highest in the neurogenic period and declines during the gliogenic period. In mice bearing an NPC-specific NCAM deletion, proliferation of NPCs is reduced, and production of cortical neurons is delayed, while formation of cortical glia is advanced. Mechanistically, NCAM enhances actin polymerization in NPCs by interacting with actin-associated protein profilin2. NCAM-dependent regulation of NPCs is blocked by mutations in the profilin2 binding site. Thus, NCAM plays an essential role in NPC proliferation and fate decision during cortical development by regulating profilin2-dependent actin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Neurology Department, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated with Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - De-Juan Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Physiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shao Li
- Physiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xue-Song Liang
- Neurology Department, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated with Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Neurology Department, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated with Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Lan
- Neurology Department, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated with Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua-Min Qin
- Pathology Department, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Fang Ma
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Correspondence to Shen Li:
| | - Shen Li
- Neurology Department, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated with Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Quanhong Ma:
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10
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Li J, Yang R, Yang H, Chen S, Wang L, Li M, Yang S, Feng Z, Bi J. NCAM regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, EMT, and migration of human melanoma cells via the Src/Akt/mTOR/cofilin signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1192-1204. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Rui Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Haijie Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Sujuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Man Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Shaokui Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Jiajia Bi
- School of Life Sciences and Technology Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan China
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11
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Trzeciecka A, Bhattacharya SK. Dataset of growth cone-enriched lipidome and proteome of embryonic to early postnatal mouse brain. Data Brief 2019; 24:103865. [PMID: 31016214 PMCID: PMC6468181 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A growth cone is a part of a neuron considered as a hub for axon growth, motility and guidance functions. Growth cones are thought to play a critical role during development of neurons. Growth cones also play a significant role in adult regeneration. Here, we present a dataset on the lipid and protein profiling of the growth cone-enriched fractions derived from C57BL/6J mice forebrains of developmental stage: E18, P0, P3, P6, and P9. For comparison, we analyzed non-growth cone membranes from the same samples. Lipid data is available at the Metabolomics Workbench [http://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org (Project ID: PR000746)]. Protein data is available at Proteomics Identifications (PRIDE) partner repository (PRIDE identifier PXD012134).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Trzeciecka
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sanjoy K Bhattacharya
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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12
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Zhao F, Li J, Wang R, Xu H, Ma K, Kong X, Sun Z, Niu X, Jiang J, Liu B, Li B, Duan F, Chen X. Exendin-4 promotes actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and protects cells from Nogo-A-Δ20 mediated spreading inhibition and growth cone collapse by down-regulating RhoA expression and activation via the PI3K pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:135-143. [PMID: 30396070 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exendin-4 is a protein of the GLP-1 family currently used to treat diabetes. Recently, a greater number of biological properties have been associated with the GLP-1 family. Our data shows that exendin-4 treatment significantly increases the cytoskeleton rearrangement, which leads to an increasingly differentiated phenotype and reduced cell migration. We also found that exendin-4 could prevent SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells from Nogo-A-Δ20 mediated spreading inhibition and neurite collapse. Western blot analysis indicated that exendin-4 treatment both reduced the expression and activation of RhoA via the PI3K signaling pathway. These data suggest that exendin-4 may protect nerve regeneration by preventing the inhibition of Nogo-A via down-regulating RhoA expression and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and Jinzhou Medical University Cooperative Training Center, Tianjin, 300162, China; Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Renjie Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Huiyou Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xianbin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China; Graduate school of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Zhonglei Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and Jinzhou Medical University Cooperative Training Center, Tianjin, 300162, China; Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xuegang Niu
- Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and Jinzhou Medical University Cooperative Training Center, Tianjin, 300162, China; Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China; Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Jipeng Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Baohu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China; Wang Jing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Bo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Feng Duan
- College of Computer and Control Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xuyi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of The Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China.
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13
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NCAM Mimetic Peptides: Potential Therapeutic Target for Neurological Disorders. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1714-1722. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Gstrein T, Edwards A, Přistoupilová A, Leca I, Breuss M, Pilat-Carotta S, Hansen AH, Tripathy R, Traunbauer AK, Hochstoeger T, Rosoklija G, Repic M, Landler L, Stránecký V, Dürnberger G, Keane TM, Zuber J, Adams DJ, Flint J, Honzik T, Gut M, Beltran S, Mechtler K, Sherr E, Kmoch S, Gut I, Keays DA. Mutations in Vps15 perturb neuronal migration in mice and are associated with neurodevelopmental disease in humans. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:207-217. [PMID: 29311744 PMCID: PMC5897053 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-017-0053-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The formation of the vertebrate brain requires the generation, migration, differentiation and survival of neurons. Genetic mutations that perturb these critical cellular events can result in malformations of the telencephalon, providing a molecular window into brain development. Here we report the identification of an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mouse mutant characterized by a fractured hippocampal pyramidal cell layer, attributable to defects in neuronal migration. We show that this is caused by a hypomorphic mutation in Vps15 that perturbs endosomal-lysosomal trafficking and autophagy, resulting in an upregulation of Nischarin, which inhibits Pak1 signaling. The complete ablation of Vps15 results in the accumulation of autophagic substrates, the induction of apoptosis and severe cortical atrophy. Finally, we report that mutations in VPS15 are associated with cortical atrophy and epilepsy in humans. These data highlight the importance of the Vps15-Vps34 complex and the Nischarin-Pak1 signaling hub in the development of the telencephalon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gstrein
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew Edwards
- Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics (WTCHG), Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Přistoupilová
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ines Leca
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Breuss
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andi H Hansen
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Ratna Tripathy
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna K Traunbauer
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Hochstoeger
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Gavril Rosoklija
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Repic
- Institute for Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Landler
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktor Stránecký
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gerhard Dürnberger
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M Keane
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Johannes Zuber
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - David J Adams
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Jonathan Flint
- Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics (WTCHG), Oxford, UK
| | - Tomas Honzik
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Beltran
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karl Mechtler
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Elliott Sherr
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David A Keays
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Bi JJ, Li J, Cheng BF, Yang HJ, Ding QQ, Wang RF, Chen SJ, Feng ZW. NCAM affects directional lamellipodia formation of BMSCs via β1 integrin signal-mediated cofilin activity. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 435:175-183. [PMID: 28536952 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a key member of the immunoglobulin-like CAM family, was reported to regulate the migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). However, the detailed cellular behaviors including lamellipodia formation in the initial step of directional migration remain largely unknown. In the present study, we reported that NCAM affects the lamellipodia formation of BMSCs. Using BMSCs from Ncam knockout mice we found that Ncam deficiency significantly impaired the migration and the directional lamellipodia formation of BMSCs. Further studies revealed that Ncam knockout decreased the activity of cofilin, an actin-cleaving protein, which was involved in directional protrusions. To explore the molecular mechanisms involved, we examined protein tyrosine phosphorylation levels in Ncam knockout BMSCs by phosphotyrosine peptide array analyses, and found that the tyrosine phosphorylation level of β1 integrin, a protein upstream of cofilin, was greatly upregulated in Ncam-deficient BMSCs. Notably, by blocking the function of β1 integrin with RGD peptide or ROCK inhibitor, the cofilin activity and directional lamellipodia formation of Ncam knockout BMSCs could be rescued. Finally, we found that the effect of NCAM on tyrosine phosphorylation of β1 integrin was independent of the fibroblast growth factor receptor. These results indicated that NCAM regulates directional lamellipodia formation of BMSCs through β1 integrin signal-mediated cofilin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Bi
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Bin-Feng Cheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Jie Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Ding
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Rui-Fei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Su-Juan Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
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16
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Konietzny A, Bär J, Mikhaylova M. Dendritic Actin Cytoskeleton: Structure, Functions, and Regulations. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:147. [PMID: 28572759 PMCID: PMC5435805 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin is a versatile and ubiquitous cytoskeletal protein that plays a major role in both the establishment and the maintenance of neuronal polarity. For a long time, the most prominent roles that were attributed to actin in neurons were the movement of growth cones, polarized cargo sorting at the axon initial segment, and the dynamic plasticity of dendritic spines, since those compartments contain large accumulations of actin filaments (F-actin) that can be readily visualized using electron- and fluorescence microscopy. With the development of super-resolution microscopy in the past few years, previously unknown structures of the actin cytoskeleton have been uncovered: a periodic lattice consisting of actin and spectrin seems to pervade not only the whole axon, but also dendrites and even the necks of dendritic spines. Apart from that striking feature, patches of F-actin and deep actin filament bundles have been described along the lengths of neurites. So far, research has been focused on the specific roles of actin in the axon, while it is becoming more and more apparent that in the dendrite, actin is not only confined to dendritic spines, but serves many additional and important functions. In this review, we focus on recent developments regarding the role of actin in dendrite morphology, the regulation of actin dynamics by internal and external factors, and the role of F-actin in dendritic protein trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Konietzny
- DFG Emmy Noether Group 'Neuronal Protein Transport,' Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Bär
- DFG Emmy Noether Group 'Neuronal Protein Transport,' Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany
| | - Marina Mikhaylova
- DFG Emmy Noether Group 'Neuronal Protein Transport,' Center for Molecular Neurobiology (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany
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17
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Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules of the Immunoglobulin Superfamily Regulate Synapse Formation, Maintenance, and Function. Trends Neurosci 2017; 40:295-308. [PMID: 28359630 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules are among the most abundant proteins in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems. Prominent family members are the neural cell adhesion molecules NCAM and L1, which were the first to be shown to be essential not only in development but also in synaptic function and as key regulators of synapse formation, synaptic activity, plasticity, and synaptic vesicle recycling at distinct developmental and activity stages. In addition to interacting with each other, adhesion molecules interact with ion channels and cytokine and neurotransmitter receptors. Mutations in their genes are linked to neurological disorders associated with abnormal development and synaptic functioning. This review presents an overview of recent studies on these molecules and their crucial impact on neurological disorders.
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18
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Kumar R, Sanawar R, Li X, Li F. Structure, biochemistry, and biology of PAK kinases. Gene 2016; 605:20-31. [PMID: 28007610 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PAKs, p21-activated kinases, play central roles and act as converging junctions for discrete signals elicited on the cell surface and for a number of intracellular signaling cascades. PAKs phosphorylate a vast number of substrates and act by remodeling cytoskeleton, employing scaffolding, and relocating to distinct subcellular compartments. PAKs affect wide range of processes that are crucial to the cell from regulation of cell motility, survival, redox, metabolism, cell cycle, proliferation, transformation, stress, inflammation, to gene expression. Understandably, their dysregulation disrupts cellular homeostasis and severely impacts key cell functions, and many of those are implicated in a number of human diseases including cancers, neurological disorders, and cardiac disorders. Here we provide an overview of the members of the PAK family and their current status. We give special emphasis to PAK1 and PAK4, the prototypes of groups I and II, for their profound roles in cancer, the nervous system, and the heart. We also highlight other family members. We provide our perspective on the current advancements, their growing importance as strategic therapeutic targets, and our vision on the future of PAKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Center of Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India.
| | - Rahul Sanawar
- Cancer Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Center of Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Chinese Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Chinese Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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19
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Mundalil Vasu M, Anitha A, Takahashi T, Thanseem I, Iwata K, Asakawa T, Suzuki K. Fluoxetine Increases the Expression of miR-572 and miR-663a in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164425. [PMID: 27716787 PMCID: PMC5055328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests neuroprotective effects of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), on the developed neurons in the adult brain. In contrast, the drug may be deleterious to immature or undifferentiated neural cells, although the mechanism is unclear. Recent investigations have suggested that microRNAs (miRNA) may be critical for effectiveness of psychotropic drugs including SSRI. We investigated whether fluoxetine could modulate expressions of neurologically relevant miRNAs in two neuroblastoma SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cell lines. Initial screening results revealed that three (miR-489, miR-572 and miR-663a) and four (miR-320a, miR-489, miR-572 and miR-663a) miRNAs were up-regulated in SK-N-SH cells and SH-SY5Y cells, respectively, after 24 hours treatment of fluoxetine (1–25 μM). Cell viability was reduced according to the dose of fluoxetine. The upregulation of miR-572 and miR-663a was consistent in both the SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells, confirmed by a larger scale culture condition. Our data is the first in vitro evidence that fluoxetine could increase the expression of miRNAs in undifferentiated neural cells, and that putative target genes of those miRNAs have been shown to be involved in fundamental neurodevelopmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Mundalil Vasu
- Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ayyappan Anitha
- Department of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Kerala, India
| | - Taro Takahashi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ismail Thanseem
- Department of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Kerala, India
| | - Keiko Iwata
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Asakawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- * E-mail:
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20
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Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V. Intracellular transport and cell surface delivery of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). BIOARCHITECTURE 2016; 5:54-60. [PMID: 26605672 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2015.1118194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) regulates differentiation and functioning of neurons by accumulating at the cell surface where it mediates the interactions of neurons with the extracellular environment. NCAM also induces a number of intracellular signaling cascades, which coordinate interactions at the cell surface with intracellular processes including changes in gene expression, transport and cytoskeleton remodeling. Since NCAM functions at the cell surface, its transport and delivery to the cell surface play a critical role. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the intracellular transport and cell surface delivery of NCAM. We also discuss the data suggesting a possibility of cross talk between activation of NCAM at the cell surface and the intracellular transport and cell surface delivery of NCAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- a School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences ; The University of New South Wales ; Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- a School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences ; The University of New South Wales ; Sydney , NSW , Australia
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21
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Kilinc D, Dennis CL, Lee GU. Bio-Nano-Magnetic Materials for Localized Mechanochemical Stimulation of Cell Growth and Death. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:5672-80. [PMID: 26780501 PMCID: PMC5536250 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are promising new tools for therapeutic applications, such as magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia therapy and targeted drug delivery. Recent in vitro studies have demonstrated that a force application with magnetic tweezers can also affect cell fate, suggesting a therapeutic potential for magnetically modulated mechanical stimulation. The magnetic properties of nanoparticles that induce physical responses and the subtle responses that result from mechanically induced membrane damage and/or intracellular signaling are evaluated. Magnetic particles with various physical, geometric, and magnetic properties and specific functionalization can now be used to apply mechanical force to specific regions of cells, which permit the modulation of cellular behavior through the use of spatially and time controlled magnetic fields. On one hand, mechanochemical stimulation has been used to direct the outgrowth on neuronal growth cones, indicating a therapeutic potential for neural repair. On the other hand, it has been used to kill cancer cells that preferentially express specific receptors. Advances made in the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanomaterials and a better understanding of cellular mechanotransduction mechanisms may support the translation of mechanochemical stimulation into the clinic as an emerging therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Kilinc
- Bionanosciences Lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UCD
Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin,
Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cindi L. Dennis
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and
Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899–8552, USA
| | - Gil U. Lee
- Bionanosciences Lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UCD
Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin,
Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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22
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Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V. Reciprocal Interactions between Cell Adhesion Molecules of the Immunoglobulin Superfamily and the Cytoskeleton in Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:9. [PMID: 26909348 PMCID: PMC4754453 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) including the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and members of the L1 family of neuronal cell adhesion molecules play important functions in the developing nervous system by regulating formation, growth and branching of neurites, and establishment of the synaptic contacts between neurons. In the mature brain, members of IgSF regulate synapse composition, function, and plasticity required for learning and memory. The intracellular domains of IgSF cell adhesion molecules interact with the components of the cytoskeleton including the submembrane actin-spectrin meshwork, actin microfilaments, and microtubules. In this review, we summarize current data indicating that interactions between IgSF cell adhesion molecules and the cytoskeleton are reciprocal, and that while IgSF cell adhesion molecules regulate the assembly of the cytoskeleton, the cytoskeleton plays an important role in regulation of the functions of IgSF cell adhesion molecules. Reciprocal interactions between NCAM and L1 family members and the cytoskeleton and their role in neuronal differentiation and synapse formation are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
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23
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Ding Y, Li Y, Lu L, Zhang R, Zeng L, Wang L, Zhang X. Inhibition of Nischarin Expression Promotes Neurite Outgrowth through Regulation of PAK Activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144948. [PMID: 26670864 PMCID: PMC4682924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nischarin is a cytoplasmic protein expressed in various organs that plays an inhibitory role in cell migration and invasion and the carcinogenesis of breast cancer cells. We previously reported that Nischarin is highly expressed in neuronal cell lines and is differentially expressed in the brain tissue of adult rats. However, the physiological function of Nischarin in neural cells remains unknown. Here, we show that Nischarin is expressed in rat primary cortical neurons but not in astrocytes. Nischarin is localized around the nucleus and dendrites. Using shRNA to knockdown the expression of endogenous Nischarin significantly increases the percentage of neurite-bearing cells, remarkably increases neurite length, and accelerates neurite extension in neuronal cells. Silencing Nischarin expression also promotes dendrite elongation in rat cortical neurons where Nischarin interacts with p21-activated kinase 1/2 (PAK1/2) and negatively regulates phosphorylation of both PAK1 and PAK2. The stimulation of neurite growth observed in cells with decreased levels of Nischarin is partially abolished by IPA3-mediated inhibition of PAK1 activity. Our findings indicate that endogenous Nischarin inhibits neurite outgrowth by blocking PAK1 activation in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemin Ding
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Lingchao Lu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jiaxing Second Hospital, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (LW)
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (LW)
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24
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Leshchyns'ka I, Liew HT, Shepherd C, Halliday GM, Stevens CH, Ke YD, Ittner LM, Sytnyk V. Aβ-dependent reduction of NCAM2-mediated synaptic adhesion contributes to synapse loss in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8836. [PMID: 26611261 PMCID: PMC4674770 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by synapse loss due to mechanisms that remain poorly understood. We show that the neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) is enriched in synapses in the human hippocampus. This enrichment is abolished in the hippocampus of AD patients and in brains of mice overexpressing the human amyloid-β (Aβ) precursor protein carrying the pathogenic Swedish mutation. Aβ binds to NCAM2 at the cell surface of cultured hippocampal neurons and induces removal of NCAM2 from synapses. In AD hippocampus, cleavage of the membrane proximal external region of NCAM2 is increased and soluble extracellular fragments of NCAM2 (NCAM2-ED) accumulate. Knockdown of NCAM2 expression or incubation with NCAM2-ED induces disassembly of GluR1-containing glutamatergic synapses in cultured hippocampal neurons. Aβ-dependent disassembly of GluR1-containing synapses is inhibited in neurons overexpressing a cleavage-resistant mutant of NCAM2. Our data indicate that Aβ-dependent disruption of NCAM2 functions in AD hippocampus contributes to synapse loss. Understanding how ß-amyloid contributes to synapse loss and dysfunction is a central goal of Alzheimer's disease research. Here, Leshchyns'ka et al. identify a novel mechanism by which Aß disassembles hippocampal glutamatergic synapses via cleavage of a neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Heng Tai Liew
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Claire Shepherd
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Claire H Stevens
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia.,Dementia Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yazi D Ke
- Dementia Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Lars M Ittner
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia.,Dementia Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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25
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Shi W, Wang F, Gao M, Yang Y, Du Z, Wang C, Yao Y, He K, Chen X, Hao A. ZDHHC17 promotes axon outgrowth by regulating TrkA-tubulin complex formation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 68:194-202. [PMID: 26232532 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct axonal growth during nervous system development is critical for synaptic transduction and nervous system function. Proper axon outgrowth relies on a suitable growing environment and the expression of a series of endogenous neuronal factors. However, the mechanisms of these neuronal proteins involved in neuronal development remain unknown. ZDHHC17 is a member of the DHHC (Asp-His-His-Cys)-containing family, a family of highly homologous proteins. Here, we show that loss of function of ZDHHC17 in zebrafish leads to motor dysfunction in 3-day post-fertilization (dpf) larvae. We performed immunolabeling analysis to reveal that mobility dysfunction was due to a significant defect in the axonal outgrowth of spinal motor neurons (SMNs) without affecting neuron generation. In addition, we found a similar phenotype in zdhhc17 siRNA-treated neural stem cells (NSCs) and PC12 cells. Inhibition of zdhhc17 limited neurite outgrowth and branching in both NSCs and PC12. Furthermore, we discovered that the level of phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, a major downstream effector of tyrosine kinase (TrkA), was largely upregulated in ZDHHC17 overexpressing PC12 cells by a mechanism independent on its palmitoyltransferase (PAT) activity. Specifically, ZDHHC17 is necessary for proper TrkA-tubulin module formation in PC12 cells. These results strongly indicate that ZDHHC17 is essential for correct axon outgrowth in vivo and in vitro. Our findings identify ZDHHC17 as an important upstream factor of ERK1/2 to regulate the interaction between TrkA and tubulin during neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Fen Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Ming Gao
- Reproductive Medical Center of Shandong University, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Zhaoxia Du
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Kun He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Xueran Chen
- Center of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, PR China.
| | - Aijun Hao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University School of Medicine, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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26
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Wobst H, Schmitz B, Schachner M, Diestel S, Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V. Kinesin-1 promotes post-Golgi trafficking of NCAM140 and NCAM180 to the cell surface. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2816-29. [PMID: 26101351 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.169391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM, also known as NCAM1) is important during neural development, because it contributes to neurite outgrowth in response to its ligands at the cell surface. In the adult brain, NCAM is involved in regulating synaptic plasticity. The molecular mechanisms underlying delivery of NCAM to the neuronal cell surface remain poorly understood. We used a protein macroarray and identified the kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1), a component of the kinesin-1 motor protein, as a binding partner of the intracellular domains of the two transmembrane isoforms of NCAM, NCAM140 and NCAM180. KLC1 binds to amino acids CGKAGPGA within the intracellular domain of NCAM and colocalizes with kinesin-1 in the Golgi compartment. Delivery of NCAM180 to the cell surface is increased in CHO cells and neurons co-transfected with kinesin-1. We further demonstrate that the p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) competes with KLC1 for binding to the intracellular domain of NCAM and contributes to the regulation of the membrane insertion of NCAM. Our results indicate that NCAM is delivered to the cell surface through a kinesin-1-mediated transport mechanism in a PAK1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilke Wobst
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Brigitte Schmitz
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Simone Diestel
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Human Metabolomics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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27
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Neural cell adhesion molecule 2 promotes the formation of filopodia and neurite branching by inducing submembrane increases in Ca2+ levels. J Neurosci 2015; 35:1739-52. [PMID: 25632147 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1714-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) have been proposed to contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders in humans. The role of NCAM2 in neuronal differentiation remains, however, poorly understood. Using genetically encoded Ca(2+) reporters, we show that clustering of NCAM2 at the cell surface of mouse cortical neurons induces submembrane [Ca(2+)] spikes, which depend on the L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (VDCCs) and require activation of the protein tyrosine kinase c-Src. We also demonstrate that clustering of NCAM2 induces L-type VDCC- and c-Src-dependent activation of CaMKII. NCAM2-dependent submembrane [Ca(2+)] spikes colocalize with the bases of filopodia. NCAM2 activation increases the density of filopodia along neurites and neurite branching and outgrowth in an L-type VDCC-, c-Src-, and CaMKII-dependent manner. Our results therefore indicate that NCAM2 promotes the formation of filopodia and neurite branching by inducing Ca(2+) influx and CaMKII activation. Changes in NCAM2 expression in Down syndrome and autistic patients may therefore contribute to abnormal neurite branching observed in these disorders.
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28
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Kempf SJ, Moertl S, Sepe S, von Toerne C, Hauck SM, Atkinson MJ, Mastroberardino PG, Tapio S. Low-dose ionizing radiation rapidly affects mitochondrial and synaptic signaling pathways in murine hippocampus and cortex. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:2055-64. [PMID: 25807253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The increased use of radiation-based medical imaging methods such as computer tomography is a matter of concern due to potential radiation-induced adverse effects. Efficient protection against such detrimental effects has not been possible due to inadequate understanding of radiation-induced alterations in signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind learning and memory deficits after acute low and moderate doses of ionizing radiation. Female C57BL/6J mice were irradiated on postnatal day 10 (PND10) with gamma doses of 0.1 or 0.5 Gy. This was followed by evaluation of the cellular proteome, pathway-focused transcriptome, and neurological development/disease-focused miRNAome of hippocampus and cortex 24 h postirradiation. Our analysis showed that signaling pathways related to mitochondrial and synaptic functions were changed by acute irradiation. This may lead to reduced mitochondrial function paralleled by enhanced number of dendritic spines and neurite outgrowth due to elevated long-term potentiation, triggered by increased phosphorylated CREB. This was predominately observed in the cortex at 0.1 and 0.5 Gy and in the hippocampus only at 0.5 Gy. Moreover, a radiation-induced increase in the expression of several neural miRNAs associated with synaptic plasticity was found. The early changes in signaling pathways related to memory formation may be associated with the acute neurocognitive side effects in patients after brain radiotherapy but might also contribute to late radiation-induced cognitive injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Kempf
- †Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- †Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sara Sepe
- ‡Department of Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine von Toerne
- §Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- §Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- †Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.,∥Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University Munich, Arcisstrasse 21, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Pier G Mastroberardino
- ‡Department of Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Soile Tapio
- †Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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29
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MicroRNA-572 improves early post-operative cognitive dysfunction by down-regulating neural cell adhesion molecule 1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118511. [PMID: 25680004 PMCID: PMC4334516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a commonly-seen postoperative complication in elderly patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of POCD remain unclear. miRNAs, which are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of the nervous system diseases, may also affect POCD. In this study, miRNA microarray technology was used to analyze the circulating miRNA expression profile of POCD patients. Among the altered miRNAs, miR-572 had the greatest decrease, which was also verified in vivo in rat POCD model. Further analysis found that miR-572 could regulate the expression of NCAM1 in the hippocampal neurons and interfering miR-572 expression could facilitate the restoration of cognitive function in vivo. Moreover, clinical correlation analysis found that the miR-572 expression was associated with the incidence of POCD. Collectively, miR-572 is involved in the development and restoration of POCD and it may serve as a biological marker for early diagnosis of POCD.
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30
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Boeckx C, Benítez-Burraco A. Globularity and language-readiness: generating new predictions by expanding the set of genes of interest. Front Psychol 2014; 5:1324. [PMID: 25505436 PMCID: PMC4243498 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study builds on the hypothesis put forth in Boeckx and Benítez-Burraco (2014), according to which the developmental changes expressed at the levels of brain morphology and neural connectivity that resulted in a more globular braincase in our species were crucial to understand the origins of our language-ready brain. Specifically, this paper explores the links between two well-known 'language-related' genes like FOXP2 and ROBO1 implicated in vocal learning and the initial set of genes of interest put forth in Boeckx and Benítez-Burraco (2014), with RUNX2 as focal point. Relying on the existing literature, we uncover potential molecular links that could be of interest to future experimental inquiries into the biological foundations of language and the testing of our initial hypothesis. Our discussion could also be relevant for clinical linguistics and for the interpretation of results from paleogenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Boeckx
- Catalan Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (ICREA)Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Linguistics, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
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31
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Kaur P, Karolina DS, Sepramaniam S, Armugam A, Jeyaseelan K. Expression profiling of RNA transcripts during neuronal maturation and ischemic injury. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103525. [PMID: 25061880 PMCID: PMC4111601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal development is a pro-survival process that involves neurite growth, synaptogenesis, synaptic and neuronal pruning. During development, these processes can be controlled by temporal gene expression that is orchestrated by both long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs. To examine the interplay between these different components of the transcriptome during neuronal differentiation, we carried out mRNA, long non-coding RNA and microRNA expression profiling on maturing primary neurons. Subsequent gene ontology analysis revealed regulation of axonogenesis and dendritogenesis processes by these differentially expressed mRNAs and non-coding RNAs. Temporally regulated mRNAs and their associated long non-coding RNAs were significantly over-represented in proliferation and differentiation associated signalling, cell adhesion and neurotrophin signalling pathways. Verification of expression of the Axin2, Prkcb, Cntn1, Ncam1, Negr1, Nrxn1 and Sh2b3 mRNAs and their respective long non-coding RNAs in an in vitro model of ischemic-reperfusion injury showed an inverse expression profile to the maturation process, thus suggesting their role(s) in maintaining neuronal structure and function. Furthermore, we propose that expression of the cell adhesion molecules, Ncam1 and Negr1 might be tightly regulated by both long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prameet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Neuroscience Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dwi Setyowati Karolina
- Department of Biochemistry and Neuroscience Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sugunavathi Sepramaniam
- Department of Biochemistry and Neuroscience Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arunmozhiarasi Armugam
- Department of Biochemistry and Neuroscience Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kandiah Jeyaseelan
- Department of Biochemistry and Neuroscience Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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32
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Shetty A, Sytnyk V, Leshchyns'ka I, Puchkov D, Haucke V, Schachner M. The neural cell adhesion molecule promotes maturation of the presynaptic endocytotic machinery by switching synaptic vesicle recycling from adaptor protein 3 (AP-3)- to AP-2-dependent mechanisms. J Neurosci 2013; 33:16828-45. [PMID: 24133283 PMCID: PMC6618524 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2192-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly formed synapses undergo maturation during ontogenetic development via mechanisms that remain poorly understood. We show that maturation of the presynaptic endocytotic machinery in CNS neurons requires substitution of the adaptor protein 3 (AP-3) with AP-2 at the presynaptic plasma membrane. In mature synapses, AP-2 associates with the intracellular domain of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). NCAM promotes binding of AP-2 over binding of AP-3 to presynaptic membranes, thus favoring the substitution of AP-3 for AP-2 during formation of mature synapses. The presynaptic endocytotic machinery remains immature in adult NCAM-deficient (NCAM-/-) mice accumulating AP-3 instead of AP-2 and its partner protein AP180 in synaptic membranes and vesicles. NCAM deficiency or disruption of the NCAM/AP-2 complex in wild-type (NCAM+/+) neurons by overexpression of AP-2 binding-defective mutant NCAM interferes with efficient retrieval of the synaptic vesicle v-SNARE synaptobrevin 2. Abnormalities in synaptic vesicle endocytosis and recycling may thus contribute to neurological disorders associated with mutations in NCAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Shetty
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie and Freie Universität Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, and
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
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33
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