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Akinyele O, Munir A, Johnson MA, Perez MS, Gao Y, Foley JR, Nwafor A, Wu Y, Murray-Stewart T, Casero RA, Bayir H, Kemaladewi DU. Impaired polyamine metabolism causes behavioral and neuroanatomical defects in a mouse model of Snyder-Robinson syndrome. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050639. [PMID: 38463005 PMCID: PMC11103582 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by a mutation in the SMS gene, which encodes spermine synthase, and aberrant polyamine metabolism. SRS is characterized by intellectual disability, thin habitus, seizure, low muscle tone/hypotonia and osteoporosis. Progress towards understanding and treating SRS requires a model that recapitulates human gene variants and disease presentations. Here, we evaluated molecular and neurological presentations in the G56S mouse model, which carries a missense mutation in the Sms gene. The lack of SMS protein in the G56S mice resulted in increased spermidine/spermine ratio, failure to thrive, short stature and reduced bone density. They showed impaired learning capacity, increased anxiety, reduced mobility and heightened fear responses, accompanied by reduced total and regional brain volumes. Furthermore, impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was evident in G56S cerebral cortex, G56S fibroblasts and Sms-null hippocampal cells, indicating that SMS may serve as a future therapeutic target. Collectively, our study establishes the suitability of the G56S mice as a preclinical model for SRS and provides a set of molecular and functional outcome measures that can be used to evaluate therapeutic interventions for SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Akinyele
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Anushe Munir
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Marie A. Johnson
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Megan S. Perez
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Jackson R. Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ashley Nwafor
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yijen Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Dwi U. Kemaladewi
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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Calabrese E, Hayes AW, Pressman P, Kapoor R, Dhawan G, Calabrese V, Agathokleous E. Polyamines and hormesis: Making sense of a dose response dichotomy. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 386:110748. [PMID: 37816449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The diverse biological effects of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) were reviewed in the context of hormesis in an integrative manner for the first time. The findings illustrate that each of these polyamines commonly induces hormetic dose responses in a wide range of biological models and types of cells for multiple endpoints in numerous plant species and animal models. Plant research emphasized preconditioning experimental studies in which the respective polyamines conferred some protection against the damaging effects of a broad range of environmental stressors such as drought, salinity, cold/heat, heavy metals and UV-damage in an hormetic manner. Polyamine-based animal hormesis studies emphasized biomedical endpoints such as longevity and neuroprotection. These findings have important biological and biomedical implications and should guide experimental designs of low dose investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
| | | | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, 95123, Italy.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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Akinyele O, Munir A, Johnson MA, Perez MS, Gao Y, Foley JR, Wu Y, Murray-Stewart T, Casero RA, Bayir H, Kemaladewi DU. Impaired polyamine metabolism causes behavioral and neuroanatomical defects in a novel mouse model of Snyder-Robinson Syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.15.524155. [PMID: 36711956 PMCID: PMC9882240 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.15.524155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are essential molecules for normal cellular functions and are subject to strict metabolic regulation. Mutations in the gene encoding spermine synthase (SMS) lead to accumulation of spermidine in an X-linked recessive disorder known as Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS). Presently, no treatments exist for this rare disease that manifests with a spectrum of symptoms including intellectual disability, developmental delay, thin habitus, and low muscle tone. The development of therapeutic interventions for SRS will require a suitable disease-specific animal model that recapitulates many of the abnormalities observed in patients. Here, we characterize the molecular, behavioral, and neuroanatomical features of a mouse model with a missense mutation in Sms gene that results in a glycine-to-serine substitution at position 56 (G56S) of the SMS protein. Mice harboring this mutation exhibit a complete loss of SMS protein and elevated spermidine/spermine ratio in skeletal muscles and the brain. In addition, the G56S mice demonstrate increased anxiety, impaired learning, and decreased explorative behavior in fear conditioning, Morris water maze, and open field tests, respectively. Furthermore, these mice failed to gain weight over time and exhibit abnormalities in brain structure and bone density. Transcriptomic analysis of the cerebral cortex revealed downregulation of genes associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and ribosomal protein synthesis. Our findings also revealed impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics in fibroblasts isolated from the G56S mice, indicating a correlation between these processes in the affected mice. Collectively, our findings establish the first in-depth characterization of an SRS preclinical mouse model that identifies cellular processes that could be targeted for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Akinyele
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Anushe Munir
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Dept. of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Marie A. Johnson
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Megan S. Perez
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Dept. of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Jackson R. Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yijen Wu
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hulya Bayir
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Dwi U. Kemaladewi
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Dept. of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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Geoffroy C, Paoletti P, Mony L. Positive allosteric modulation of NMDA receptors: mechanisms, physiological impact and therapeutic potential. J Physiol 2021; 600:233-259. [PMID: 34339523 DOI: 10.1113/jp280875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are glutamate-gated ion channels that play key roles in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Both hyper- and hypo-activation of NMDARs are deleterious to neuronal function. In particular, NMDAR hypofunction is involved in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric conditions like schizophrenia, intellectual disability, age-dependent cognitive decline, or Alzheimer's disease. While early medicinal chemistry efforts were mostly focused on the development of NMDAR antagonists, the last 10 years have seen a boom in the development of NMDAR positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). Here we review the currently developed NMDAR PAMs, their pharmacological profiles and mechanisms of action, as well as their physiological effects in healthy animals and animal models of NMDAR hypofunction. In light of the complexity of physiological outcomes of NMDAR PAMs in vivo, we discuss the remaining challenges and questions that need to be addressed to better grasp and predict the therapeutic potential of NMDAR positive allosteric modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Geoffroy
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Mony
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
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Mao M, Yang L, Jin Z, Li LX, Wang YR, Li TT, Zhao YJ, Ai J. Impact of intrauterine hypoxia on adolescent and adult cognitive function in rat offspring: sexual differences and the effects of spermidine intervention. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:361-369. [PMID: 32694754 PMCID: PMC8027377 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine hypoxia (IUH) affects the growth and development of offspring. It remains unclear that how long the impact of IUH on cognitive function lasts and whether sexual differences exist. Spermidine (SPD) has shown to improve cognition, but its effect on the cognitive function of IUH offspring remains unknown. In the present study we investigated the influence of IUH on body weight and neurological, motor and cognitive function and the expression of APP, BACE1 and Tau5 proteins in brain tissues in 2- and 4-month-old IUH rat offspring, as well as the effects of SPD intervention on these parameters. IUH rat model was established by treating pregnant rats with intermittent hypoxia on gestational days 15-21, meanwhile pregnant rats were administered SPD (5 mg·kg-1·d-1;ip) for 7 days. Neurological deficits were assessed in the Longa scoring test; motor and cognitive functions were evaluated in coat hanger test and active avoidance test, respectively. We found that IUH decreased the body weight of rats in both sexes but merely impaired motor and cognitive function in female rats without changing neurological function in the rat offspring of either sex at 2 months of age. For 4-month-old offspring, IUH decreased body weight in males and impaired neurological function and increased cognitive function in both sexes. IUH did not affect APP, BACE1 or Tau5 protein expression in either the hippocampus or cortex of all offspring; however, it increased the cortical Tau5 level in 2-month-old female offspring. Surprisingly, SPD intervention prevented weight loss. SPD intervention reversed the motor and cognitive decline caused by IUH in 2-month-old female rat offspring. Taken together, IUH-induced cognitive decline in rat offspring is sex-dependent during puberty and can be recovered in adult rats. SPD intervention improves IUH-induced cognitive and neural function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Zhuo Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ling-Xu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yan-Ru Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China.
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Fabbrin SB, Girardi BA, de Lorena Wendel A, Coelho Ilha Valin C, Pillat MM, Viero FT, Mello CF, Rubin MA. Spermidine-induced improvement of memory consolidation involves PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:208-213. [PMID: 32858125 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Spermidine (SPD) is an endogenous polyamine that plays a facilitatory role in memory acquisition and consolidation. Memory consolidation occurs immediately after learning and again around 3-6 hours later. Current evidence indicates that the polyamine binding site at the NMDA receptor (NMDAr) mediates the effects of SPD on memory. While NMDAr activation increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) release, no study has investigated whether BDNF-activated signaling pathways, such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway play a role in SPD-induced improvement of memory consolidation. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate whether the TrkB receptor and the PI3K/Akt pathway are involved in the facilitatory effect of SPD on memory consolidation. Male Wistar rats were trained in the contextual conditioned fear task. SPD, ANA-12 (TrkB antagonist), and LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) were administered immediately after training. The animals were tested 24 h after training. We found that SPD improved fear memory consolidation and that both ANA-12 and LY294002 prevented the facilitatory effect of SPD on memory. These results suggest that SPD-induced improvement of memory consolidation involves the activation of the TrkB receptor and PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaiana Beck Fabbrin
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Amanda Girardi
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Arithane de Lorena Wendel
- School of Pharmacy, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Coelho Ilha Valin
- School of Pharmacy, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Micheli Mainardi Pillat
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tibolla Viero
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Mello
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Maribel Antonello Rubin
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Girardi BA, Fabbrin S, Wendel AL, Mello CF, Rubin MA. Spermidine, a positive modulator of the NMDA receptor, facilitates extinction and prevents the reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:681-693. [PMID: 31828395 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Individuals with opioid use disorders often relapse into drug-seeking behavior after recalling memories linked to the drug use experience. Improving extinction efficacy has been used as a strategy to treat substance use disorders and suppress relapse. Although N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) agonists facilitate acquisition, consolidation, and extinction, no study has addressed whether spermidine (SPD), a natural polyamine ligand of the NMDA receptor, facilitates the extinction and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). OBJECTIVES AND METHODS The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of SPD, an NMDAr agonist, on the extinction and reinstatement of morphine-induced CPP in mice. Adult male albino Swiss mice received saline (0.9% NaCl) or morphine (5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p.) and were respectively confined to a black or a white compartment for 30 min for four consecutive days for CPP induction. SPD (10-30 mg/kg, i.p.) or ifenprodil (NMDAr antagonist, 0.1-1 mg/kg, i.p.) were injected 15 min before extinction training. RESULTS SPD and ifenprodil facilitated the extinction of morphine-induced CPP. SPD treatment during the extinction period impaired reinstatement induced by a priming dose of morphine (1.25 mg/kg). Ifenprodil (0.1 mg/kg) prevented the facilitatory effect of spermidine on the extinction of morphine-induced CPP but did not prevent reinstatement induced by morphine. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that SPD facilitated the extinction of morphine-induced CPP by modulating the polyamine binding site of the NMDA receptor. Our findings reveal important effects of SPD and ifenprodil on the re-exposure-induced decrease in morphine-induced CPP, which may be promising for developing novel pharmacological strategies to treat opioid use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna A Girardi
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Shaiana Fabbrin
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Arithane L Wendel
- School of Pharmacy, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos F Mello
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Maribel A Rubin
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil. .,Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Lee HS, Seo C, Kim YA, Park M, Choi B, Ji M, Lee S, Paik MJ. Metabolomic study of polyamines in rat urine following intraperitoneal injection of γ-hydroxybutyric acid. Metabolomics 2019; 15:58. [PMID: 30941522 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, illegal abuse of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) has increased in drug-facilitated crimes, but the determination of GHB exposure and intoxication is difficult due to rapid metabolism of GHB. Its biochemical mechanism has not been completely investigated. And a metabolomic study by polyamine profile and pattern analyses was not performed in rat urine following intraperitoneal injection with GHB. OBJECTIVES Urinary polyamine (PA) profiling by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed to monitor an altered PA according to GHB administration. METHODS Polyamine profiling analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with star pattern recognition analysis was performed in this study. The multivariate statistical analysis was used to evaluate discrimination among control and GHB administration groups. RESULTS Six polyamines were determined in control, single and multiple GHB administration groups. Star pattern showed distorted hexagonal shapes with characteristic and readily distinguishable patterns for each group. N1-Acetylspermine (p < 0.001), putrescine (p < 0.006), N1-acetylspermidine (p < 0.009), and spermine (p < 0.027) were significantly increased in single administration group but were significantly lower in the multiple administration group than in the control group. N1-Acetylspermine was the main polyamine for discrimination among control, single and multiple administration groups. Spermine showed similar levels in single and multiple administration groups. CONCLUSIONS The polyamine metabolic pattern was monitored in GHB administration groups. N1-Acetylspermine and spermine were evaluated as potential biomarkers of GHB exposure and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Seong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-A Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea
| | - Meejung Park
- National Forensic Service, 10 Ipchoon-ro, Wonju, Kangwon-do, 220-170, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyeon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Moongi Ji
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 704-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea.
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9
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The different baseline characteristics of cognitive behavior test between Mongolian gerbils and rats. Behav Brain Res 2018; 352:28-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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de Freitas CM, Krum BN, Chiapinotto Ceretta AP, Schaffer LF, de Moraes Reis E, Schwerz JP, Barbosa CP, Soares FAA, Fachinetto R. Silymarin recovers 6-hydroxydopamine-induced motor deficits in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:549-556. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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11
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Frühauf-Perez PK, Temp FR, Pillat MM, Signor C, Wendel AL, Ulrich H, Mello CF, Rubin MA. Spermine protects from LPS-induced memory deficit via BDNF and TrkB activation. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 149:135-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Handa AK, Fatima T, Mattoo AK. Polyamines: Bio-Molecules with Diverse Functions in Plant and Human Health and Disease. Front Chem 2018; 6:10. [PMID: 29468148 PMCID: PMC5807879 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines-polyamines (PAs), particularly putrescine, spermidine and spermine are ubiquitous in all living cells. Their indispensable roles in many biochemical and physiological processes are becoming commonly known, including promoters of plant life and differential roles in human health and disease. PAs positively impact cellular functions in plants-exemplified by increasing longevity, reviving physiological memory, enhancing carbon and nitrogen resource allocation/signaling, as well as in plant development and responses to extreme environments. Thus, one or more PAs are commonly found in genomic and metabolomics studies using plants, particulary during different abiotic stresses. In humans, a general decline in PA levels with aging occurs parallel with some human health disorders. Also, high PA dose is detrimental to patients suffering from cancer, aging, innate immunity and cognitive impairment during Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. A dichotomy exists in that while PAs may increase longevity and reduce some age-associated cardiovascular diseases, in disease conditions involving higher cellular proliferation, their intake has negative consequences. Thus, it is essential that PA levels be rigorously quantified in edible plant sources as well as in dietary meats. Such a database can be a guide for medical experts in order to recommend which foods/meats a patient may consume and which ones to avoid. Accordingly, designing both high and low polyamine diets for human consumption are in vogue, particularly in medical conditions where PA intake may be detrimental, for instance, cancer patients. In this review, literature data has been collated for the levels of the three main PAs, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, in different edible sources-vegetables, fruits, cereals, nuts, meat, sea food, cheese, milk, and eggs. Based on our analysis of vast literature, the effects of PAs in human/animal health fall into two broad, Yang and Yin, categories: beneficial for the physiological processes in healthy cells and detrimental under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avtar K. Handa
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Tahira Fatima
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Autar K. Mattoo
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service (ARS-USDA), Beltsville, MD, United States
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Oliveira CC, Oliveira CV, Grigoletto J, Ribeiro LR, Funck VR, Meier L, Fighera MR, Royes LFF, Furian AF, Menezes IRA, Oliveira MS. Anticonvulsant activity of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. fixed pulp oil against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. Neurol Res 2017; 39:667-674. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1324380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cleide Correia Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Department of Nursing, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | | | - Jéssica Grigoletto
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius Rafael Funck
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Letícia Meier
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Spermidine improves the persistence of reconsolidated fear memory and neural differentiation in vitro: Involvement of BDNF. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 140:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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da Costa P, Gonçalves JF, Baldissarelli J, Mann TR, Abdalla FH, Fiorenza AM, da Rosa MM, Carvalho FB, Gutierres JM, de Andrade CM, Rubin MA, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM. Curcumin attenuates memory deficits and the impairment of cholinergic and purinergic signaling in rats chronically exposed to cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:70-83. [PMID: 26592365 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of curcumin on memory loss and on the alteration of acetylcholinesterase and ectonucleotidases activities in rats exposed chronically to cadmium (Cd). Rats received Cd (1 mg/kg) and curcumin (30, 60, or 90 mg/kg) by oral gavage 5 days a week for 3 months. The animals were divided into eight groups: vehicle (saline/oil), saline/curcumin 30 mg/kg, saline/curcumin 60 mg/kg, saline/curcumin 90 mg/kg, Cd/oil, Cd/curcumin 30 mg/kg, Cd/curcumin 60 mg/kg, and Cd/curcumin 90 mg/kg. Curcumin prevented the decrease in the step-down latency induced by Cd. In cerebral cortex synaptosomes, Cd-exposed rats showed an increase in acetylcholinesterase and NTPDase (ATP and ADP as substrates) activities and a decrease in the 5'-nucleotidase activity. Curcumin was not able to prevent the effect of Cd on acetylcholinesterase activity, but it prevented the effects caused by Cd on NTPDase (ATP and ADP as substrate) and 5'-nucleotidase activities. Increased acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in different brain structures, whole blood and lymphocytes of the Cd-treated group. In addition, Cd increased lipid peroxidation in different brain structures. Higher doses of curcumin were more effective in preventing these effects. These findings show that curcumin prevented the Cd-mediated memory impairment, demonstrating that this compound has a neuroprotective role and is capable of modulating acetylcholinesterase, NTPDase, and 5'-nucleotidase activities. Finally, it highlights the possibility of using curcumin as an adjuvant against toxicological conditions involving Cd exposure. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 70-83, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline da Costa
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Jamile F Gonçalves
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Jucimara Baldissarelli
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Thaís R Mann
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Fátima H Abdalla
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Amanda M Fiorenza
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Michelle M da Rosa
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Fabiano B Carvalho
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Jessié M Gutierres
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Cinthia M de Andrade
- Departamento De Clínica De Pequenos Animais, Setor De Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Maribel A Rubin
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Maria Rosa C Schetinger
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
| | - Vera M Morsch
- Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro De Ciências Naturais E Exatas, Universidade Federal De Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brasil
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Skatchkov SN, Antonov SM, Eaton MJ. Glia and glial polyamines. Role in brain function in health and disease. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747816010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Signor C, Temp FR, Mello CF, Oliveira MS, Girardi BA, Gais MA, Funck VR, Rubin MA. Intrahippocampal infusion of spermidine improves memory persistence: Involvement of protein kinase A. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 131:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Guerra GP, Rubin MA, Mello CF. Modulation of learning and memory by natural polyamines. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:99-118. [PMID: 27015893 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Spermine and spermidine are natural polyamines that are produced mainly via decarboxylation of l-ornithine and the sequential transfer of aminopropyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine to putrescine by spermidine synthase and spermine synthase. Spermine and spermidine interact with intracellular and extracellular acidic residues of different nature, including nucleic acids, phospholipids, acidic proteins, carboxyl- and sulfate-containing polysaccharides. Therefore, multiple actions have been suggested for these polycations, including modulation of the activity of ionic channels, protein synthesis, protein kinases, and cell proliferation/death, within others. In this review we summarize these neurochemical/neurophysiological/morphological findings, particularly those that have been implicated in the improving and deleterious effects of spermine and spermidine on learning and memory of naïve animals in shock-motivated and nonshock-motivated tasks, from a historical perspective. The interaction with the opioid system, the facilitation and disruption of morphine-induced reward and the effect of polyamines and putative polyamine antagonists on animal models of cognitive diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Huntington, acute neuroinflammation and brain trauma are also reviewed and discussed. The increased production of polyamines in Alzheimer's disease and the biphasic nature of the effects of polyamines on memory and on the NMDA receptor are also considered. In light of the current literature on polyamines, which include the description of an inborn error of the metabolism characterized by mild-to moderate mental retardation and polyamine metabolism alterations in suicide completers, we can anticipate that polyamine targets may be important for the development of novel strategies and approaches for understanding the etiopathogenesis of important central disorders and their pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Petri Guerra
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campus Medianeira, Medianeira, PR 85884-000, Brazil
| | - Maribel Antonello Rubin
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Fernando Mello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
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A Nonrewarding NMDA Receptor Antagonist Impairs the Acquisition, Consolidation, and Expression of Morphine Conditioned Place Preference in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:710-721. [PMID: 26768427 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9678-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists block morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Although polyamines are endogenous modulators of the NMDA receptor, it is not known whether polyaminergic agents induce CPP or modulate morphine-induced CPP. Here, we examined whether polyamine ligands modify morphine CPP acquisition, consolidation, and expression. Adult male albino Swiss mice received saline (0.9 % NaCl, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and were respectively confined to a black or a white compartment for 30 min for four consecutive days for CPP induction. The effect of arcaine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) or spermidine (30 mg/kg, i.p.), respectively, an antagonist and an agonist of the polyamine-binding site at the NMDA receptor, on the acquisition, consolidation, and expression of morphine CPP was studied. In those experiments designed to investigate whether spermidine prevented or reversed the effect of arcaine, spermidine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 15 min before or 15 min after arcaine, respectively. Arcaine and spermidine did not induce CPP or aversion per se. Arcaine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) impaired the acquisition, consolidation, and expression of morphine CPP. Spermidine prevented the impairing effect of arcaine on the acquisition of morphine CPP but not the impairing effect of arcaine on consolidation or expression of morphine CPP. These results suggest that arcaine may impair morphine CPP acquisition by modulating the polyamine-binding site at the NMDA receptor. However, the arcaine-induced impairment of consolidation and expression of morphine CPP seems to involve other mechanisms.
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Girardi BA, Ribeiro DA, Signor C, Muller M, Gais MA, Mello CF, Rubin MA. Spermidine-induced improvement of reconsolidation of memory involves calcium-dependent protein kinase in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 23:21-8. [PMID: 26670183 PMCID: PMC4749837 DOI: 10.1101/lm.039396.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we determined whether the calcium-dependent protein kinase (PKC) signaling pathway is involved in the improvement of fear memory reconsolidation induced by the intrahippocampal administration of spermidine in rats. Male Wistar rats were trained in a fear conditioning apparatus using a 0.4-mA footshock as an unconditioned stimulus. Twenty-four hours after training, animals were re-exposed to the apparatus in the absence of shock (reactivation session). Immediately after the reactivation session, spermidine (2–200 pmol/site), the PKC inhibitor 3-[1-(dimethylaminopropyl)indol-3-yl]-4-(indol-3-yl) maleimide hydrochloride (GF 109203X, 0.3–30 pg/site), the antagonist of the polyamine-binding site at the NMDA receptor, arcaine (0.2–200 pmol/site), or the PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 0.02–2 nmol/site) was injected. While the post-reactivation administration of spermidine (20 and 200 pmol/site) and PMA (2 nmol/site) improved memory reconsolidation, GF 109203X (1, 10, and 30 pg/site) and arcaine (200 pmol/site) impaired it. GF 109203X (0.3 pg/site) impaired memory reconsolidation in the presence of spermidine (200 pmol/site). PMA (0.2 nmol/site) prevented the arcaine (200 pmol/site)-induced impairment of memory reconsolidation. Anisomycin (2 µg/site) also impaired memory reconsolidation in the presence of spermidine (200 pmol/site). Drugs had no effect when they were administered in the absence of reactivation. These results suggest that the spermidine-induced enhancement of memory reconsolidation involves PKC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Amanda Girardi
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Aymone Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Signor
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Muller
- Undergraduate in Pharmacy, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mayara Ana Gais
- Undergraduate in Pharmacy, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Mello
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Maribel Antonello Rubin
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
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Trypanosoma evansi infection impairs memory, increases anxiety behaviour and alters neurochemical parameters in rats. Parasitology 2015; 140:1432-41. [PMID: 23965823 DOI: 10.1017/s003118201300108x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate neurochemical and enzymatic changes in rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi, and their interference in the cognitive parameters. Behavioural assessment (assessment of cognitive performance), evaluation of cerebral L-[3H]glutamate uptake, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and Ca+2 and Na+, K+-ATPase activity were evaluated at 5 and 30 days post infection (dpi). This study demonstrates a cognitive impairment in rats infected with T. evansi. At 5 dpi memory deficit was demonstrated by an inhibitory avoidance test. With the chronicity of the disease (30 dpi) animals showed anxiety symptoms. It is possible the inhibition of cerebral Na+, K+-ATPase activity, AChE and synaptosomal glutamate uptake are involved in cognitive impairment in infected rats by T. evansi. The understanding of cerebral host–parasite relationship may shed some light on the cryptic symptoms of animals and possibly human infection where patients often present with other central nervous system (CNS) disorders.
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Oliveira CVD, Grigoletto J, Funck VR, Ribeiro LR, Royes LFF, Fighera MR, Furian AF, Oliveira MS. Evaluation of potential gender-related differences in behavioral and cognitive alterations following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in C57BL/6 mice. Physiol Behav 2015; 143:142-50. [PMID: 25749198 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Together with pharmacoresistant seizures, the quality of life of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients is negatively impacted by behavioral comorbidities including but not limited to depression, anxiety and cognitive deficits. The pilocarpine model of TLE has been widely used to study characteristics of human TLE, including behavioral comorbidities. Since the outcomes of pilocarpine-induced TLE might vary depending on several experimental factors, we sought to investigate potential gender-related differences regarding selected behavioral alterations in C57BL6 mice. We found that epileptic mice, independent of gender, displayed increased anxiety-like behavior in the open-field test. In the object recognition test, epileptic mice, regardless of gender, showed a decreased recognition index at 24 (but not at 4) hours after training. On the other hand, no significant differences were found regarding mice learning and memory performance in the Barnes maze paradigm. Motor coordination and balance as assessed by the beam walk and rotarod tests were not impaired in epileptic mice of both genders. However, female mice, independent of epilepsy, performed the beam walk and rotarod tasks better than their male counterparts. We also found that only male epileptic mice displayed disturbed behavior in the forced swim test, but the mice of both genders displayed anhedonia-like behavior in the taste preference test. Lastly, we found that the extent of hilar cell loss is similar in both genders. In summary, both genders can be successfully employed to study behavioral comorbidities of TLE; however, taking the potential gender differences into account may help choose the more appropriated gender for a given task, which may be of value for the minimization of the number of animals used during the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jéssica Grigoletto
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Rafael Funck
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Frühauf PKS, Ineu RP, Tomazi L, Duarte T, Mello CF, Rubin MA. Spermine reverses lipopolysaccharide-induced memory deficit in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:3. [PMID: 25573647 PMCID: PMC4302583 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-014-0220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces neuroinflammation and memory deficit. Since polyamines improve memory in various cognitive tasks, we hypothesized that spermine administration reverses LPS-induced memory deficits in an object recognition task in mice. The involvement of the polyamine binding site at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and cytokine production in the promnesic effect of spermine were investigated. Methods Adult male mice were injected with LPS (250 μg/kg, intraperitoneally) and spermine (0.3 to 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or ifenprodil (0.3 to 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), or both, and their memory function was evaluated using a novel object recognition task. In addition, cortical and hippocampal cytokines levels were measured by ELISA four hours after LPS injection. Results Spermine increased but ifenprodil decreased the recognition index in the novel object recognition task. Spermine, at doses that did not alter memory (0.3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), reversed the cognitive impairment induced by LPS. Ifenprodil (0.3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) reversed the protective effect of spermine against LPS-induced memory deficits. However, spermine failed to reverse the LPS-induced increase of cortical and hippocampal cytokine levels. Conclusions Spermine protects against LPS-induced memory deficits in mice by a mechanism that involves GluN2B receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmella Karina Santana Frühauf
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Porto Ineu
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Lediane Tomazi
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Duarte
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Fernando Mello
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Maribel Antonello Rubin
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi, CEP: 97105900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Abstract
This review focuses on the roles of glia and polyamines (PAs) in brain function and dysfunction, highlighting how PAs are one of the principal differences between glia and neurons. The novel role of PAs, such as putrescine, spermidine, and spermine and their precursors and derivatives, is discussed. However, PAs have not yet been a focus of much glial research. They affect many neuronal and glial receptors, channels, and transporters. They are therefore key elements in the development of many diseases and syndromes, thus forming the rationale for PA-focused and glia-focused therapy for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serguei N Skatchkov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad, Central del Caribe, PO Box 60-327, Bayamón, PR 00960-6032, USA; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad, Central del Caribe, PO Box 60-327, Bayamón, PR 00960-6032, USA.
| | - Michel A Woodbury-Fariña
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, 307 Calle Eleonor Roosevelt, San Juan, PR 00918-2720, USA
| | - Misty Eaton
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad, Central del Caribe, PO Box 60-327, Bayamón, PR 00960-6032, USA
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Komsuoglu Celikyurt I, Utkan T, Ozer C, Gacar N, Aricioglu F. Effects of YC-1 on learning and memory functions of aged rats. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2014; 20:130-7. [PMID: 25144469 PMCID: PMC4148360 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.891064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a potent nitric oxide-guanylate cyclase activator, 3-(5′-hydroxymethyl-2′-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1), on learning and memory functions in aged rats. Material/Methods Rats were divided into 2 groups as 4-month-old and 24-month-old rats. Rats received YC-1 (1 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks long-term. Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests were used to determine learning and memory functions. Results In the MWM test, there is a significant increase in the acquisition latency (1–4 days) of 24-month-old rats. There is a significant reduction in the “time spent in the escape platform’s quadrant” in 24-month-old rats compared to 4-month-old rats in the probe trial of the MWM test. YC-1 treatment reversed the reduction of the “time spent in the escape platform’s quadrant” of 24-month-old rats. In the PA test, there was no significant difference in the 1st-day latency of rats in all groups. On the 2nd day, retention latency significantly decreased in the 24-month-old rats compared to 4-month-olds. YC-1 reversed the diminished retention latency in 24-month-old rats. YC-1 treatment and aging did not affect results of the locomotor activity test or the foot-shock sensitivity test, suggesting our results were not due to a change in motor activity or disability of the animals. Conclusions Our findings suggest that activation of the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway plays an important role in spatial and emotional learning and memory functions in aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Komsuoglu Celikyurt
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and Experimental Medical Research and Application Center, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tijen Utkan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and Experimental Medical Research and Application Center, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Ozer
- Medical Faculty and Experimental Medical Research-Application Center, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Nejat Gacar
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and Experimental Medical Research and Application Center, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Feyza Aricioglu
- Department of Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Calgaroto NS, Thomé GR, da Costa P, Baldissareli J, Hussein FA, Schmatz R, Rubin MA, Signor C, Ribeiro DA, Carvalho FB, de Oliveira LS, Pereira LB, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC. Effect of vitamin D3on behavioural and biochemical parameters in diabetes type 1-induced rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2014; 32:502-10. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicéia Spanholi Calgaroto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Gustavo Roberto Thomé
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Pauline da Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Jucimara Baldissareli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Fátima Abdala Hussein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Roberta Schmatz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Maribel A. Rubin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Cristiane Signor
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Daniela Aymone Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Fabiano Barbosa Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Lizielle Souza de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Luciane Belmonte Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Morsch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário; Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Gomes GM, Dalmolin GD, Bär J, Karpova A, Mello CF, Kreutz MR, Rubin MA. Inhibition of the polyamine system counteracts β-amyloid peptide-induced memory impairment in mice: involvement of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99184. [PMID: 24921942 PMCID: PMC4055672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) has been causally linked to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Several studies have shown that N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors (NMDAR) activation is involved in the detrimental actions of Aβ. Polyamines, like spermidine and spermine, are positive modulators of NMDAR function and it has been shown that their levels are regulated by Aβ. In this study we show here that interruption of NMDAR modulation by polyamines through blockade of its binding site at NMDAR by arcaine (0.02 nmol/site), or inhibition of polyamine synthesis by DFMO (2.7 nmol/site), reverses Aβ25-35-induced memory impairment in mice in a novel object recognition task. Incubation of hippocampal cell cultures with Aβ25-35 (10 µM) significantly increased the nuclear accumulation of Jacob, which is a hallmark of NMDAR activation. The Aβ-induced nuclear translocation of Jacob was blocked upon application of traxoprodil (4 nM), arcaine (4 µM) or DFMO (5 µM), suggesting that activation of the polyamine binding site at NMDAR located probably at extrasynaptic sites might underlie the cognitive deficits of Aβ25-35-treated mice. Extrasynaptic NMDAR activation in primary neurons results in a stripping of synaptic contacts and simplification of neuronal cytoarchitecture. Aβ25-35 application in hippocampal primary cell cultures reduced dendritic spine density and induced alterations on spine morphology. Application of traxoprodil (4 nM), arcaine (4 µM) or DFMO (5 µM) reversed these effects of Aβ25-35. Taken together these data provide evidence that polyamine modulation of extrasynaptic NMDAR signaling might be involved in Aβ pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Monteiro Gomes
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gerusa Duarte Dalmolin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Bär
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Karpova
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carlos Fernando Mello
- Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael R. Kreutz
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maribel Antonello Rubin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Signor C, Mello CF, Porto GP, Ribeiro DA, Rubin MA. Spermidine improves fear memory persistence. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 730:72-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Wośko S, Serefko A, Socała K, Szewczyk B, Wróbel A, Nowak G, Wlaź P, Poleszak E. An anti-immobility effect of spermine in the forced swim test in mice. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:223-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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de Oliveira CV, Grigoletto J, Funck VR, Ribeiro LR, Royes LFF, Fighera MR, Furian AF, Oliveira MS. WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of potential gender-related differences in behavioral and cognitive alterations following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in C57BL/6 mice. Physiol Behav 2014:S0031-9384(14)00128-0. [PMID: 24625817 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jéssica Grigoletto
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Rafael Funck
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Ribeiro DA, Mello CF, Signor C, Rubin MA. Polyaminergic agents modulate the reconsolidation of conditioned fear. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2013; 104:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Marisco PC, Carvalho FB, Rosa MM, Girardi BA, Gutierres JM, Jaques JAS, Salla APS, Pimentel VC, Schetinger MRC, Leal DBR, Mello CF, Rubin MA. Piracetam prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairment and decrease of NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:1704-14. [PMID: 23677777 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Piracetam improves cognitive function in animals and in human beings, but its mechanism of action is still not completely known. In the present study, we investigated whether enzymes involved in extracellular adenine nucleotide metabolism, adenosine triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) are affected by piracetam in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of animals subjected to scopolamine-induced memory impairment. Piracetam (0.02 μmol/5 μL, intracerebroventricular, 60 min pre-training) prevented memory impairment induced by scopolamine (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, immediately post-training) in the inhibitory avoidance learning and in the object recognition task. Scopolamine reduced the activity of NTPDase in hippocampus (53 % for ATP and 53 % for ADP hydrolysis) and cerebral cortex (28 % for ATP hydrolysis). Scopolamine also decreased the activity of 5'-nucleotidase (43 %) and ADA (91 %) in hippocampus. The same effect was observed in the cerebral cortex for 5'-nucleotidase (38 %) and ADA (68 %) activities. Piracetam fully prevented scopolamine-induced memory impairment and decrease of NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase activities in synaptosomes from cerebral cortex and hippocampus. In vitro experiments show that piracetam and scopolamine did not alter enzymatic activity in cerebral cortex synaptosomes. Moreover, piracetam prevented scopolamine-induced increase of TBARS levels in hippocampus and cerebral cortex. These results suggest that piracetam-induced improvement of memory is associated with protection against oxidative stress and maintenance of NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase and ADA activities, and suggest the purinergic system as a putative target of piracetam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C Marisco
- Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences (CCS), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
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Gonçalves JF, Nicoloso FT, da Costa P, Farias JG, Carvalho FB, da Rosa MM, Gutierres JM, Abdalla FH, Pereira JSF, Dias GRM, Barbosa NBV, Dressler VL, Rubin MA, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC. Behavior and brain enzymatic changes after long-term intoxication with cadmium salt or contaminated potatoes. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3709-18. [PMID: 22819775 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the cadmium (Cd) intoxication on cognitive, motor and anxiety performance of rats subjected to long-term exposure to diet with Cd salt or with Cd from contaminated potato tubers. Potato plantlets were micropropagated in MS medium and transplanted to plastic trays containing sand. Tubers were collected, planted in sand boxes and cultivated with 0 or 10 μM Cd and, after were oven-dried, powder processed and used for diet. Rats were divided into six groups and fed different diets for 5 months: control, potato, potato+Cd, 1, 5 or 25 mg/kg CdCl2. Cd exposure increased Cd concentration in brain regions. There was a significant decrease in the step-down latency in Cd-intoxicated rats and, elevated plus maze task revealed an anxiolytic effect in rats fed potato diet per se, and an anxiogenic effect in rats fed 25 mg/kg Cd. The brain structures of rats exposed to Cd salt or Cd from tubers showed an increased AChE activity, but Na+,K+-ATPase decreased in cortex, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Therefore, we suggest an association between the long-term diet of potato tuber and a clear anxiolytic effect. Moreover, we observed an impaired cognition and enhanced anxiety-like behavior displayed by Cd-intoxicated rats coupled with a marked increase of brain Cd concentration, and increase and decrease of AChE and Na+,K+-ATPase activities, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile F Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcellos, 2600-Anexo, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Gutierres JM, Carvalho FB, Rosa MM, Schmatz R, Rodrigues M, Vieira JM, Mazzanti CM, Morsch VM, Rubin MA, Schetinger MRC, Spanevello RM. Protective effect of α-Tocopherol on memory deficits and Na+,K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase activities in rats with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomag.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Guerra GP, Mello CF, Bochi GV, Pazini AM, Rosa MM, Ferreira J, Rubin MA. Spermidine-induced improvement of memory involves a cross-talk between protein kinases C and A. J Neurochem 2012; 122:363-73. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Spermidine decreases Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity through NMDA receptor and protein kinase G activation in the hippocampus of rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 684:79-86. [PMID: 22497998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Spermidine is an endogenous polyamine with a polycationic structure present in the central nervous system of mammals. Spermidine regulates biological processes, such as Ca(2+) influx by glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor), which has been associated with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cGMP/PKG pathway activation and a decrease of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in rats' cerebral cortex synaptosomes. Na(+),K(+)-ATPase establishes Na(+) and K(+) gradients across membranes of excitable cells and by this means maintains membrane potential and controls intracellular pH and volume. However, it has not been defined whether spermidine modulates Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in the hippocampus. In this study we investigated whether spermidine alters Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in slices of hippocampus from rats, and possible underlying mechanisms. Hippocampal slices and homogenates were incubated with spermidine (0.05-10 μM) for 30 min. Spermidine (0.5 and 1 μM) decreased Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in slices, but not in homogenates. MK-801 (100 and 10 μM), a non-competitive antagonist of NMDA receptor, arcaine (0.5μM), an antagonist of the polyamine binding site at the NMDA receptor, and L-NAME (100μM), a NOS inhibitor, prevented the inhibitory effect of spermidine (0.5 μM). ODQ (10 μM), a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, and KT5823 (2 μM), a protein kinase G inhibitor, also prevented the inhibitory effect of spermidine on Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. Spermidine (0.5 and 1.0 μM) increased NO(2) plus NO(3) (NOx) levels in slices, and MK-801 (100 μM) and arcaine (0.5 μM) prevented the effect of spermidine (0.5 μM) on the NOx content. These results suggest that spermidine-induced decrease of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity involves NMDA receptor/NOS/cGMP/PKG pathway.
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Tiboldi A, Lentini A, Provenzano B, Tabolacci C, Höger H, Beninati S, Lubec G. Hippocampal polyamine levels and transglutaminase activity are paralleling spatial memory retrieval in the C57BL/6J mouse. Hippocampus 2012; 22:1068-74. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Opioid mechanisms are involved in the disruption of arcaine-induced amnesia by context pre-exposure. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2012; 97:294-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Hippocampal PKA/CREB pathway is involved in the improvement of memory induced by spermidine in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2011; 96:324-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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40
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Effect of naloxone and morphine on arcaine-induced state-dependent memory in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 215:483-91. [PMID: 21360010 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Arcaine is a competitive antagonist of the polyamine binding site at the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor which induces state-dependent recall. However, no study has addressed the involvement of other neurotransmitter/neuromodulators in arcaine-induced state dependency. OBJECTIVES The current study investigates whether the opioid system is involved in arcaine-induced state-dependent memory retrieval of the inhibitory avoidance task (IA) in rats. RESULTS The systemic administration of arcaine (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) 0, 3, 6, or 9 h post-training, reduced step-down latencies at testing. Arcaine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) injection 30 min before testing reversed the performance deficit induced by administration of arcaine or morphine 0, 3 or 6, but not 9 h post-training. The reversal of arcaine-induced impairment of IA performance was completely transferred to morphine and vice versa. The association of low and ineffective doses of morphine and arcaine (10 and 1.5 mg/kg, respectively) were additive and caused state dependency. Naloxone (2 mg/kg, 3 min post-training, or 1 mg/kg, 1 h pre-test, i.p.) reversed the amnesia and the state dependency induced by morphine and arcaine. CONCLUSION These results suggest that state dependency induced by arcaine involves the opioid system.
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Riaza Bermudo-Soriano C, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Vaquero-Lorenzo C, Baca-Garcia E. New perspectives in glutamate and anxiety. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 100:752-74. [PMID: 21569789 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety and stress-related disorders, namely posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (ODC), social and specific phobias, and panic disorder, are a major public health issue. A growing body of evidence suggests that glutamatergic neurotransmission may be involved in the biological mechanisms underlying stress response and anxiety-related disorders. The glutamatergic system mediates the acquisition and extinction of fear-conditioning. Thus, new drugs targeting glutamatergic neurotransmission may be promising candidates for new pharmacological treatments. In particular, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) antagonists (AP5, AP7, CGP37849, CGP39551, LY235959, NPC17742, and MK-801), NMDAR partial agonists (DCS, ACPC), α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptors (AMPARs) antagonists (topiramate), and several allosteric modulators targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) mGluR1, mGluR2/3, and mGluR5, have shown anxiolytic-like effects in several animal and human studies. Several studies have suggested that polyamines (agmatine, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) may be involved in the neurobiological mechanisms underlying stress-response and anxiety-related disorders. This could mainly be attributed to their ability to modulate ionotropic glutamate receptors, especially NR2B subunits. The aim of this review is to establish that glutamate neurotransmission and polyaminergic system play a fundamental role in the onset of anxiety-related disorders. This may open the way for new drugs that may help to treat these conditions.
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Gomes GM, Mello CF, Rosa MMD, Bochi GV, Ferreira J, Barron S, Rubin MA. Polyaminergic agents modulate contextual fear extinction in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2010; 93:589-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gonçalves JF, Fiorenza AM, Spanevello RM, Mazzanti CM, Bochi GV, Antes FG, Stefanello N, Rubin MA, Dressler VL, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC. N-acetylcysteine prevents memory deficits, the decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress in rats exposed to cadmium. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 186:53-60. [PMID: 20399762 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of the administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), on memory, on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and on lipid peroxidation in different brain structures in cadmium (Cd)-exposed rats. The rats received Cd (2 mg/kg) and NAC (150 mg/kg) by gavage every other day for 30 days. The animals were divided into four groups (n=12-13): control/saline, NAC, Cd, and Cd/NAC. The results showed a decrease in step-down latency in the Cd-group, but NAC reversed the impairment of memory induced by Cd intoxication. Rats exposed to Cd and/or treated with NAC did not demonstrate altered shock sensitivity. Decreased AChE activity was found in hippocampus, cerebellum and hypothalamus in the Cd-group but NAC reversed this effect totally or partially while in cortex synaptosomes and striatum there was no alteration in AChE activity. An increase in TBARS levels was found in hippocampus, cerebellum and hypothalamus in the Cd-group and NAC abolished this effect while in striatum there was no alteration in TBARS levels. Urea and creatinine levels were increased in serum of Cd-intoxicated rats, but NAC was able to abolish these undesirable effects. The present findings show that treatment with NAC prevented the Cd-mediated decrease in AChE activity, as well as oxidative stress and consequent memory impairment in Cd-exposed rats, demonstrating that this compound may modulate cholinergic neurotransmission and consequently improve cognition. However, it is necessary to note that the mild renal failure may be a contributor to the behavioral impairment found in this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile F Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcellos, 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Velloso NA, Dalmolin GD, Gomes GM, Rubin MA, Canas PM, Cunha RA, Mello CF. Spermine improves recognition memory deficit in a rodent model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2009; 92:574-80. [PMID: 19632348 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2009.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with motor and cognitive impairment. Intrastriatal administration of quinolinic acid (QA) causes neurodegeneration, glial proliferation and cognitive impairment in animals, which are similar to these seen in human HD. Since polyamines improve memory in cognitive tasks, we now tested if the post-training intrastriatal administration of spermine, an agonist of the polyamine site at the NMDA receptor, reverses the deficits in the object recognition task induced by QA. Bilateral striatal injections of QA (180 or 360 nmol/site) caused object recognition impairment, neuronal death and reactive astrogliosis. A single injection of spermine (0.1 and 1 nmol/site), 5 days after QA injection, reversed QA-induced impairment of object recognition task. Spermine (0.1 nmol/site) also inhibited QA-induced reactive astrogliosis measured by a semi-quantitative determination of GFAP immunolabelling, but did not alter neuronal death, measured by a semi-quantitative determination of fluoro-Jade C staining. These results suggest that polyamine binding sites may be considered a novel therapeutic target to prevent reactive astrogliosis and mnemonic deficits in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia A Velloso
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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45
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Behavioral and neurochemical effects of acute putrescine depletion by difluoromethylornithine in rats. Neuroscience 2009; 161:691-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Vaquero-Lorenzo C, Riaza Bermudo-Soriano C, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Diaz-Hernandez M, López-Castromán J, Fernandez-Piqueras J, Saiz-Ruiz J, Baca-Garcia E. Positive association between SAT-1 -1415T/C polymorphism and anxiety. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2009; 150B:515-9. [PMID: 18759322 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Limbic glutamatergic neurotransmission plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. Polyamines modulate the activity of several ionotropic glutamate receptors and have been involved in the regulation of fear-conditioning response. Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT-1) is the main enzyme regulating polyamine catabolism. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between anxiety disorders and the -1415T/C (rs1960264) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the gene (SAT1) coding for SSAT-1. A case-control design was used in order to compare the genotypes for the -1415T/C (rs1960264) SNP between anxiety patients (n = 218), other non-anxiety psychiatric patients (n = 362), and healthy controls (n = 251). DSM-IV diagnoses were provided using MINI 4.4. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples collected from participants. In males, there was a significant difference in the distribution of the two genotypes (T and C) for the SAT-1 -1415T/C SNP between anxiety patients, non-anxiety psychiatric controls, and healthy controls. The T genotype was significantly more frequent in males suffering from anxiety disorders than in male psychiatric controls and healthy controls. This is the first study linking polymorphic variants of genes involved in polyamine metabolism with anxiety disorders.
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Schmatz R, Mazzanti CM, Spanevello R, Stefanello N, Gutierres J, Corrêa M, da Rosa MM, Rubin MA, Chitolina Schetinger MR, Morsch VM. Resveratrol prevents memory deficits and the increase in acetylcholinesterase activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 610:42-8. [PMID: 19303406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of the administration of resveratrol (RV) on memory and on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus, cerebellum and blood in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were divided into six groups (n=6-13): Control/saline; Control/RV 10 mg/kg; Control/RV 20 mg/kg; Diabetic/saline; Diabetic/RV 10 mg/kg; Diabetic/RV 20 mg/kg. One day after 30 days of treatment with resveratrol the animals were submitted to behavioral tests and then submitted to euthanasia and the brain structures and blood were collected. The results showed a decrease in step-down latency in diabetic/saline group. Resveratrol (10 and 20 mg/kg) prevented the impairment of memory induced by diabetes. In the open field test, no significant differences were observed between the groups. In relation to AChE activity, a significant increase in diabetic/saline group (P<0.05) was observed in all brain structures compared to control/saline group. However, AChE activity decreased significantly in control/RV10 and control/RV20 (P<0.05) groups in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, while no significant differences were observed in diabetic/RV10 and diabetic/RV20 groups in all brain structures compared to control/saline group. Blood AChE activity increased significantly in diabetic/saline group (P<0.05) decreased in control/RV10, control/RV20 and diabetic/RV20 groups (P<0.05) compared to control/saline group. In conclusion, the present findings showed that treatment with resveratrol prevents the increase in AChE activity and consequently memory impairment in diabetic rats, demonstrating that this compound can modulate cholinergic neurotransmission and consequently improve cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Schmatz
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Kalisch R, Holt B, Petrovic P, De Martino B, Klöppel S, Büchel C, Dolan RJ. The NMDA agonist D-cycloserine facilitates fear memory consolidation in humans. Cereb Cortex 2009; 19:187-96. [PMID: 18477687 PMCID: PMC2638747 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhn076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal research suggests that the consolidation of fear and extinction memories depends on N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors. Using a fear conditioning and extinction paradigm in healthy normal volunteers, we show that postlearning administration of the NMDA partial agonist D-cycloserine (DCS) facilitates fear memory consolidation, evidenced behaviorally by enhanced skin conductance responses, relative to placebo, for presentations of a conditioned stimulus (CS) at a memory test performed 72 h later. DCS also enhanced CS-evoked neural responses in a posterior hippocampus/collateral sulcus region and in the medial prefrontal cortex at test. Our data suggest a role for NMDA receptors in regulating fear memory consolidation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffael Kalisch
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
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Ceretta APC, Camera K, Mello CF, Rubin MA. Arcaine and MK-801 make recall state-dependent in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2008; 201:405-11. [PMID: 18758754 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are a group of aliphatic amines that may act as physiological modulators of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a glutamate receptor implicated in memory formation and consolidation. Arcaine is a competitive antagonist of the polyamine binding site at the NMDA receptor, the post-training administration of which impairs memory of various tasks. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated whether the administration of arcaine and MK-801 alters the memory of the step-down inhibitory avoidance task, and whether the effects of these NMDA antagonists involve state-dependency mechanisms, in adult male Wistar rats. RESULTS The administration of arcaine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or MK-801 (0.03 mg/kg, i.p.) immediately after training impaired inhibitory avoidance performance at testing. Arcaine- and MK-801-induced performance impairment was reversed by the administration of arcaine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) and MK-801 (0.03 mg/kg, i.p.), respectively, 30 min before testing. Response transfer also occurred if arcaine substituted MK-801 at testing, and vice-versa. CONCLUSION These results suggest that arcaine and MK-801 induce state-dependent recall and that, probably due to their ability to decrease NMDA receptor function, one drug can substitute for the other at testing, demonstrating a cross-state dependency between arcaine and MK-801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Chiapinotto Ceretta
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Calabrese EJ. An Assessment of Anxiolytic Drug Screening Tests: Hormetic Dose Responses Predominate. Crit Rev Toxicol 2008; 38:489-542. [DOI: 10.1080/10408440802014238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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