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Gujjala VA, Klimek I, Abyadeh M, Tyshkovskiy A, Oz N, Castro JP, Gladyshev VN, Newton J, Kaya A. A disease similarity approach identifies short-lived Niemann-Pick type C disease mice with accelerated brain aging as a novel mouse model for Alzheimer's disease and aging research. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.19.590328. [PMID: 38712089 PMCID: PMC11071364 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.19.590328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Since its first description in 1906 by Dr. Alois Alzheimer, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been the most common type of dementia. Initially thought to be caused by age-associated accumulation of plaques, in recent years, research has increasingly associated AD with lysosomal storage and metabolic disorders, and the explanation of its pathogenesis has shifted from amyloid and tau accumulation to oxidative stress and impaired lipid and glucose metabolism aggravated by hypoxic conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms linking those cellular processes and conditions to disease progression have yet to be defined. Here, we applied a disease similarity approach to identify unknown molecular targets of AD by using transcriptomic data from congenital diseases known to increase AD risk, namely Down Syndrome, Niemann Pick Disease Type C (NPC), and Mucopolysaccharidoses I. We uncovered common pathways, hub genes, and miRNAs across in vitro and in vivo models of these diseases as potential molecular targets for neuroprotection and amelioration of AD pathology, many of which have never been associated with AD. We then investigated common molecular alterations in brain samples from an NPC disease mouse model by juxtaposing them with brain samples of both human and mouse models of AD. Detailed phenotypic and molecular analyses revealed that the NPC mut mouse model can serve as a potential short-lived in vivo model for AD research and for understanding molecular factors affecting brain aging. This research represents the first comprehensive approach to congenital disease association with neurodegeneration and a new perspective on AD research while highlighting shortcomings and lack of correlation in diverse in vitro models. Considering the lack of an AD mouse model that recapitulates the physiological hallmarks of brain aging, the characterization of a short-lived NPC mouse model will further accelerate the research in these fields and offer a unique model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of AD from a perspective of accelerated brain aging.
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Skarstein I, Ulvestad E, Solheim AM, Vedeler C, Ljøstad U, Mygland Å, Eikeland R, Reiso H, Lorentzen ÅR, Bos SD. Serum neurofilament light chain associates with symptom burden in Lyme neuroborreliosis patients: a longitudinal cohort study from Norway. J Neurol 2024; 271:2768-2775. [PMID: 38407594 PMCID: PMC11055709 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), an indicator of neuronal damage, is increasingly recognized as a potential biomarker for disease activity in neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we wanted to investigate sNfL as a prognostic marker in a large, well-defined population of 90 patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). In addition, we sought to explore associations between symptoms and sNfL levels during the acute phase of LNB. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients diagnosed with definite or possible LNB were recruited from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial, in which the participants were randomly assigned to 2 or 6 weeks of oral doxycycline treatment. The sNfL levels were measured using a single molecule array assay at both diagnosis and 6-month follow-up, and analysed against clinical parameters, variations in symptom burden and long-term complaints as assessed by a composite clinical score. RESULTS At the time of diagnosis, approximately 60% of the patients had elevated sNfL levels adjusted for age. Notably, mean sNfL levels were significantly higher at diagnosis (52 pg/ml) compared to 6 months after treatment (12 pg/ml, p < 0.001), when sNfL levels had normalized in the majority of patients. Patients with objective signs of spinal radiculitis had significantly higher baseline sNfL levels compared to patients without spinal radiculitis (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that sNfL can serve as a biomarker for peripheral nerve tissue involvement in the acute phase of LNB. As found in an earlier study, we confirm normalization of sNfL levels in blood after treatment. We found no prognostic value of acute-phase sNfL levels on patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingerid Skarstein
- Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Post Box 1400, 5021, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Elling Ulvestad
- Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Post Box 1400, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Marit Solheim
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christian Vedeler
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Unn Ljøstad
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Åse Mygland
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Section of Habilitation, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Randi Eikeland
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-Borne Diseases, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
| | - Harald Reiso
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-Borne Diseases, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Åslaug Rudjord Lorentzen
- Department of Neurology, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Tick-Borne Diseases, Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Steffan Daniel Bos
- Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Post Box 1400, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Cancer Registry of Norway, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Ding EA, Kumar S. Neurofilament Biophysics: From Structure to Biomechanics. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:re1. [PMID: 38598299 PMCID: PMC11151108 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-11-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs) are multisubunit, neuron-specific intermediate filaments consisting of a 10-nm diameter filament "core" surrounded by a layer of long intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) "tails." NFs are thought to regulate axonal caliber during development and then stabilize the mature axon, with NF subunit misregulation, mutation, and aggregation featuring prominently in multiple neurological diseases. The field's understanding of NF structure, mechanics, and function has been deeply informed by a rich variety of biochemical, cell biological, and mouse genetic studies spanning more than four decades. These studies have contributed much to our collective understanding of NF function in axonal physiology and disease. In recent years, however, there has been a resurgence of interest in NF subunit proteins in two new contexts: as potential blood- and cerebrospinal fluid-based biomarkers of neuronal damage, and as model IDPs with intriguing properties. Here, we review established principles and more recent discoveries in NF structure and function. Where possible, we place these findings in the context of biophysics of NF assembly, interaction, and contributions to axonal mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika A. Ding
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
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Kotaich F, Caillol D, Bomont P. Neurofilaments in health and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1275155. [PMID: 38164457 PMCID: PMC10758125 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1275155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs) are the most abundant component of mature neurons, that interconnect with actin and microtubules to form the cytoskeleton. Specifically expressed in the nervous system, NFs present the particularity within the Intermediate Filament family of being formed by four subunits, the neurofilament light (NF-L), medium (NF-M), heavy (NF-H) proteins and α-internexin or peripherin. Here, we review the current knowledge on NF proteins and neurofilaments, from their domain structures and their model of assembly to the dynamics of their transport and degradation along the axon. The formation of the filament and its behaviour are regulated by various determinants, including post-transcriptional (miRNA and RBP proteins) and post-translational (phosphorylation and ubiquitination) modifiers. Altogether, the complex set of modifications enable the neuron to establish a stable but elastic NF array constituting the structural scaffold of the axon, while permitting the local expression of NF proteins and providing the dynamics necessary to fulfil local demands and respond to stimuli and injury. Thus, in addition to their roles in mechano-resistance, radial axonal outgrowth and nerve conduction, NFs control microtubule dynamics, organelle distribution and neurotransmission at the synapse. We discuss how the studies of neurodegenerative diseases with NF aggregation shed light on the biology of NFs. In particular, the NEFL and NEFH genes are mutated in Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, the most common inherited neurological disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The clinical features of the CMT forms (axonal CMT2E, CMT2CC; demyelinating CMT1F; intermediate I-CMT) with symptoms affecting the central nervous system (CNS) will allow us to further investigate the physiological roles of NFs in the brain. Thus, NF-CMT mouse models exhibit various degrees of sensory-motor deficits associated with CNS symptoms. Cellular systems brought findings regarding the dominant effect of NF-L mutants on NF aggregation and transport, although these have been recently challenged. Neurofilament detection without NF-L in recessive CMT is puzzling, calling for a re-examination of the current model in which NF-L is indispensable for NF assembly. Overall, we discuss how the fundamental and translational fields are feeding each-other to increase but also challenge our knowledge of NF biology, and to develop therapeutic avenues for CMT and neurodegenerative diseases with NF aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pascale Bomont
- ERC team, NeuroMyoGene Institute-Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle, Inserm U1315, CNRS UMR5261, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Jaromirska J, Kaczmarski P, Strzelecki D, Sochal M, Białasiewicz P, Gabryelska A. Shedding light on neurofilament involvement in cognitive decline in obstructive sleep apnea and its possible role as a biomarker. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1289367. [PMID: 38098628 PMCID: PMC10720906 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1289367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea is one of the most common sleep disorders with a high estimated global prevalence and a large number of associated comorbidities in general as well as specific neuropsychiatric complications such as cognitive impairment. The complex pathogenesis and effects of the disorder including chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation may lead to enhanced neuronal damage, thereby contributing to neuropsychiatric pathologies. Obstructive sleep apnea has been described as an independent risk factor for several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and all-cause dementia. The influence of obstructive sleep apnea on cognitive deficits is still a topic of recent debate, and several mechanisms, including neurodegeneration and depression-related cognitive dysfunction, underlying this correlation are taken into consideration. The differentiation between both pathomechanisms of cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea is a complex clinical issue, requiring the use of multiple and costly diagnostic methods. The studies conducted on neuroprotection biomarkers, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factors and neurofilaments, are recently gaining ground in the topic of cognition assessment in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Neurofilaments as neuron-specific cytoskeletal proteins could be useful non-invasive indicators of brain conditions and neurodegeneration, which already are observed in many neurological diseases leading to cognitive deficits. Additionally, neurofilaments play an important role as a biomarker in other sleep disorders such as insomnia. Thus, this review summarizes the current knowledge on the involvement of neurofilaments in cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in obstructive sleep apnea patients as well as discusses its possible role as a biomarker of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jaromirska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaczmarski
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Huynh DT, Tsolova KN, Watson AJ, Khal SK, Green JR, Li D, Hu J, Soderblom EJ, Chi JT, Evans CS, Boyce M. O-GlcNAcylation regulates neurofilament-light assembly and function and is perturbed by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease mutations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6558. [PMID: 37848414 PMCID: PMC10582078 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurofilament (NF) cytoskeleton is critical for neuronal morphology and function. In particular, the neurofilament-light (NF-L) subunit is required for NF assembly in vivo and is mutated in subtypes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. NFs are highly dynamic, and the regulation of NF assembly state is incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that human NF-L is modified in a nutrient-sensitive manner by O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a ubiquitous form of intracellular glycosylation. We identify five NF-L O-GlcNAc sites and show that they regulate NF assembly state. NF-L engages in O-GlcNAc-mediated protein-protein interactions with itself and with the NF component α-internexin, implying that O-GlcNAc may be a general regulator of NF architecture. We further show that NF-L O-GlcNAcylation is required for normal organelle trafficking in primary neurons. Finally, several CMT-causative NF-L mutants exhibit perturbed O-GlcNAc levels and resist the effects of O-GlcNAcylation on NF assembly state, suggesting a potential link between dysregulated O-GlcNAcylation and pathological NF aggregation. Our results demonstrate that site-specific glycosylation regulates NF-L assembly and function, and aberrant NF O-GlcNAcylation may contribute to CMT and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc T Huynh
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kalina N Tsolova
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Abigail J Watson
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sai Kwan Khal
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jordan R Green
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Di Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jimin Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Erik J Soderblom
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chantell S Evans
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Battaglia RA, Faridounnia M, Beltran A, Robinson J, Kinghorn K, Ezzell JA, Bharucha-Goebel D, Bönnemann CG, Hooper JE, Opal P, Bouldin TW, Armao D, Snider NT. Intermediate filament dysregulation in astrocytes in the human disease model of KLHL16 mutation in giant axonal neuropathy (GAN). Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:mbcE23030094. [PMID: 37672338 PMCID: PMC10846626 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-03-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant Axonal Neuropathy (GAN) is a pediatric neurodegenerative disease caused by KLHL16 mutations. KLHL16 encodes gigaxonin, which regulates intermediate filament (IF) turnover. Previous neuropathological studies and examination of postmortem brain tissue in the current study revealed involvement of astrocytes in GAN. To develop a clinically-relevant model, we reprogrammed skin fibroblasts from seven GAN patients to pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which were used to generate neural progenitor cells (NPCs), astrocytes, and brain organoids. Multiple isogenic control clones were derived via CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of one patient line carrying the G332R gigaxonin mutation. All GAN iPSCs were deficient for gigaxonin and displayed patient-specific increased vimentin expression. GAN NPCs had lower nestin expression and fewer nestin-positive cells compared to isogenic controls, but nestin morphology was unaffected. GAN brain organoids were marked by the presence of neurofilament and GFAP aggregates. GAN iPSC-astrocytes displayed striking dense perinuclear vimentin and GFAP accumulations and abnormal nuclear morphology. In over-expression systems, GFAP oligomerization and perinuclear aggregation were augmented in the presence of vimentin. GAN patient cells with large perinuclear vimentin aggregates accumulated significantly more nuclear KLHL16 mRNA compared to cells without vimentin aggregates. As an early effector of KLHL16 mutations, vimentin may be a potential target in GAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Battaglia
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Maryam Faridounnia
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Adriana Beltran
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Jasmine Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Karina Kinghorn
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - J. Ashley Ezzell
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | | | | | - Jody E. Hooper
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305
| | - Puneet Opal
- Departments of Neurology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Thomas W. Bouldin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Diane Armao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Natasha T. Snider
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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Doganyigit Z, Eroglu E, Okan A. Intermediate filament proteins are reliable immunohistological biomarkers to help diagnose multiple tissue-specific diseases. Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:655-672. [PMID: 37329162 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal networks are proteins that effectively maintain cell integrity and provide mechanical support to cells by actively transmitting mechanical signals. Intermediate filaments, which are from the cytoskeleton family and are 10 nanometres in diameter, are unlike actin and microtubules, which are highly dynamic cytoskeletal elements. Intermediate filaments are flexible at low strain, harden at high strain and resist breaking. For this reason, these filaments fulfil structural functions by providing mechanical support to the cells through their different strain-hardening properties. Intermediate filaments are suitable in that cells both cope with mechanical forces and modulate signal transmission. These filaments are composed of fibrous proteins that exhibit a central α-helical rod domain with a conserved substructure. Intermediate filament proteins are divided into six groups. Type I and type II include acidic and basic keratins, type III, vimentin, desmin, peripheralin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), respectively. Type IV intermediate filament group includes neurofilament proteins and a fourth neurofilament subunit, α-internexin proteins. Type V consists of lamins located in the nucleus, and the type VI group consists of lens-specific intermediate filaments, CP49/phakinin and filen. Intermediate filament proteins show specific immunoreactivity in differentiating cells and mature cells of various types. Various carcinomas such as colorectal, urothelial and ovarian, diseases such as chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, hepatitis and cataract have been associated with intermediate filaments. Accordingly, this section reviews available immunohistochemical antibodies to intermediate filament proteins. Identification of intermediate filament proteins by methodological methods may contribute to the understanding of complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuleyha Doganyigit
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ece Eroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Aslı Okan
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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Kim JS. Protein biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. ENCEPHALITIS 2023; 3:54-63. [PMID: 37469674 PMCID: PMC10295828 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2022.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to elucidate protein biomarkers in body fluids, such as blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), to identify those that may be used for early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), prediction of disease activity, and monitoring of treatment response among MS patients. The potential biomarkers elucidated in this review include neurofilament proteins (NFs), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), leptin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), C-X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13), and osteopontin (OPN), with each biomarker playing a different role in MS. GFAP, leptin, and CHI3L1 levels were increased in MS patient groups compared to the control group. NFs are the most studied proteins in the MS field, and significant correlations with disease activity, future progression, and treatment outcomes are evident. GFAP CSF level shows a different pattern by MS subtype. Increased concentration of CHI3L1 in the blood/CSF of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is an independent predictive factor of conversion to definite MS. BDNF may be affected by chronic progression of MS. CHI3L1 has potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis of MS and prediction of disability progression, while CXCL13 has potential as a biomarker of prognosis of CIS and reflects MS disease activity. OPN was an indicator of disease severity. A periodic detailed patient evaluation should be performed for MS patients, and broadly and easily accessible biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity in clinical settings should be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Soon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Bavato F, Kexel AK, Kluwe-Schiavon B, Maceski A, Baumgartner MR, Seifritz E, Kuhle J, Quednow BB. A Longitudinal Investigation of Blood Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Chronic Cocaine Users. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3935-3944. [PMID: 37000398 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The identification of a blood marker of brain pathology that is sensitive to substance-induced neurotoxicity and dynamically responds to longitudinal changes in substance intake would substantially improve clinical monitoring in the field of substance use and addiction. Here, we explored the hypothesis that plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), a promising marker of neuroaxonal pathology, are elevated in chronic cocaine users and longitudinally associated with changes in cocaine use. Plasma NfL levels were determined using single molecule array (SIMOA) technology at baseline and at a 4-month follow-up. Substance use was subjectively assessed with an extensive interview and objectively measured via toxicological analysis of urine and 4-month hair samples. In a generalized linear model corrected for sex, age, and body mass index, NfL plasma levels were elevated in cocaine users (n=35) compared to stimulant-naïve healthy controls (n=35). A positive correlation between cocaine hair concentration and NfL levels was also found. Changes in cocaine hair concentration (group analysis of increasers vs. decreasers) over the 4-month interval predicted NfL levels at follow-up, indicating a rise in NfL with increased cocaine use and a reduction with decreased use. No associations between use or change of use of other substances (including the neurotoxic cocaine adulterant levamisole) and NfL levels were found. Our findings demonstrate that NfL is a sensitive marker for assessing cocaine-related neuroaxonal pathology, supporting the utility of blood NfL analysis in addiction research but also suggesting the detailed assessment of substance use in neurological studies and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bavato
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacopsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Kexel
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacopsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacopsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandra Maceski
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus R Baumgartner
- Center of Forensic Hairanalytics, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics; Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Boris B Quednow
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacopsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Hernández C, Simó-Servat O, Porta M, Grauslund J, Harding SP, Frydkjaer-Olsen U, García-Arumí J, Ribeiro L, Scanlon P, Cunha-Vaz J, Simó R. Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light chain as biomarkers of retinal neurodysfunction in early diabetic retinopathy: results of the EUROCONDOR study. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:837-844. [PMID: 36959506 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Neurodegeneration and glial activation are primary events in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are biomarkers of underlying neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease processes. The aim of the present study was to assess the usefulness of these serum biomarkers for the identification and monitoring of retinal neurodysfunction in subjects with type 2 diabetes. METHODS A case-control study was designed including 38 patients from the placebo arm of the EUROCONDOR clinical trial: 19 with and 19 without retinal neurodysfunction assessed by multifocal electroretinography. GFAP and NfL were measured by Simoa. RESULTS Serum levels of GFAP and NfL directly correlated with age (r = 0.37, p = 0.023 and r = 0.54, p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, a direct correlation between GFAP and NfL was observed (r = 0.495, p = 0.002). Serum levels of GFAP were significantly higher at baseline in those subjects in whom neurodysfunction progressed after the 2 years of follow-up (139.1 ± 52.5 pg/mL vs. 100.2 ± 54.6 pg/mL; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS GFAP could be a useful serum biomarker for retinal neurodysfunction. Monitoring retinal neurodysfunction using blood samples would be of benefit in clinical decision-making. However, further research is needed to validate this result as well as to establish the best cutoff values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Hernández
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit and CIBERDEM, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig de La Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Olga Simó-Servat
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit and CIBERDEM, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig de La Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Massimo Porta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Research Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Simon P Harding
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, and St. Paul's Eye Unit. Liverpool University Hospitals, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ulrik Frydkjaer-Olsen
- Research Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - José García-Arumí
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luísa Ribeiro
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Peter Scanlon
- Gloucestershire Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, UK
| | - José Cunha-Vaz
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit and CIBERDEM, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig de La Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Battaglia R, Faridounnia M, Beltran A, Robinson J, Kinghorn K, Ezzell JA, Bharucha-Goebel D, Bonnemann C, Hooper JE, Opal P, Bouldin TW, Armao D, Snider N. Intermediate filament dysregulation and astrocytopathy in the human disease model of KLHL16 mutation in giant axonal neuropathy (GAN). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.13.532440. [PMID: 36993491 PMCID: PMC10054982 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.13.532440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Giant Axonal Neuropathy (GAN) is a pediatric neurodegenerative disease caused by KLHL16 mutations. KLHL16 encodes gigaxonin, a regulator of intermediate filament (IF) protein turnover. Previous neuropathological studies and our own examination of postmortem GAN brain tissue in the current study revealed astrocyte involvement in GAN. To study the underlying mechanisms, we reprogrammed skin fibroblasts from seven GAN patients carrying different KLHL16 mutations to iPSCs. Isogenic controls with restored IF phenotypes were derived via CRISPR/Cas9 editing of one patient carrying a homozygous missense mutation (G332R). Neural progenitor cells (NPCs), astrocytes, and brain organoids were generated through directed differentiation. All GAN iPSC lines were deficient for gigaxonin, which was restored in the isogenic control. GAN iPSCs displayed patient-specific increased vimentin expression, while GAN NPCs had decreased nestin expression compared to isogenic control. The most striking phenotypes were observed in GAN iPSC-astrocytes and brain organoids, which exhibited dense perinuclear IF accumulations and abnormal nuclear morphology. GAN patient cells with large perinuclear vimentin aggregates accumulated nuclear KLHL16 mRNA. In over-expression studies, GFAP oligomerization and perinuclear aggregation were potentiated in the presence of vimentin. As an early effector of KLHL16 mutations, vimentin may serve as a potential therapeutic target in GAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Battaglia
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Maryam Faridounnia
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Adriana Beltran
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Jasmine Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Karina Kinghorn
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - J. Ashley Ezzell
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Carsten Bonnemann
- National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jody E. Hooper
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Puneet Opal
- Departments of Neurology and Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas W. Bouldin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Diane Armao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Natasha Snider
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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13
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Huynh DT, Hu J, Schneider JR, Tsolova KN, Soderblom EJ, Watson AJ, Chi JT, Evans CS, Boyce M. O-GlcNAcylation regulates neurofilament-light assembly and function and is perturbed by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease mutations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.22.529563. [PMID: 36865196 PMCID: PMC9980138 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.22.529563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The neurofilament (NF) cytoskeleton is critical for neuronal morphology and function. In particular, the neurofilament-light (NF-L) subunit is required for NF assembly in vivo and is mutated in subtypes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. NFs are highly dynamic, and the regulation of NF assembly state is incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that human NF-L is modified in a nutrient-sensitive manner by O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a ubiquitous form of intracellular glycosylation. We identify five NF-L O-GlcNAc sites and show that they regulate NF assembly state. Interestingly, NF-L engages in O-GlcNAc-mediated protein-protein interactions with itself and with the NF component α-internexin, implying that O-GlcNAc is a general regulator of NF architecture. We further show that NF-L O-GlcNAcylation is required for normal organelle trafficking in primary neurons, underlining its functional significance. Finally, several CMT-causative NF-L mutants exhibit perturbed O-GlcNAc levels and resist the effects of O-GlcNAcylation on NF assembly state, indicating a potential link between dysregulated O-GlcNAcylation and pathological NF aggregation. Our results demonstrate that site-specific glycosylation regulates NF-L assembly and function, and aberrant NF O-GlcNAcylation may contribute to CMT and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc T. Huynh
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jimin Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jordan R. Schneider
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kalina N. Tsolova
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Erik J. Soderblom
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Abigail J. Watson
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Chantell S. Evans
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael Boyce
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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14
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Ahn HW, Worman ZF, Lechsinska A, Payer LM, Wang T, Malik N, Li W, Burns KH, Nath A, Levin HL. Retrotransposon insertions associated with risk of neurologic and psychiatric diseases. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55197. [PMID: 36367221 PMCID: PMC9827563 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are active in neuronal cells raising the question whether TE insertions contribute to risk of neuropsychiatric disease. While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) serve as a tool to discover genetic loci associated with neuropsychiatric diseases, unfortunately GWAS do not directly detect structural variants such as TEs. To examine the role of TEs in psychiatric and neurologic disease, we evaluated 17,000 polymorphic TEs and find 76 are in linkage disequilibrium with disease haplotypes (P < 10-6 ) defined by GWAS. From these 76 polymorphic TEs, we identify potentially causal candidates based on having insertions in genomic regions of regulatory chromatin and on having associations with altered gene expression in brain tissues. We show that lead candidate insertions have regulatory effects on gene expression in human neural stem cells altering the activity of a minimal promoter. Taken together, we identify 10 polymorphic TE insertions that are potential candidates on par with other variants for having a causal role in neurologic and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Won Ahn
- Division of Molecular and Cellular BiologyEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Zelia F Worman
- Division of Molecular and Cellular BiologyEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
- Present address:
Seven BridgesCharlestownMAUSA
| | - Arianna Lechsinska
- Division of Molecular and Cellular BiologyEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Lindsay M Payer
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Tongguang Wang
- Translational Neuroscience CenterNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Nasir Malik
- Translational Neuroscience CenterNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Wenxue Li
- Section of Infections of the Nervous SystemNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Kathleen H Burns
- Department of Oncologic PathologyDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA
| | - Avindra Nath
- Translational Neuroscience CenterNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
- Section of Infections of the Nervous SystemNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Henry L Levin
- Division of Molecular and Cellular BiologyEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
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15
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Yuan A, Nixon RA. Posttranscriptional regulation of neurofilament proteins and tau in health and disease. Brain Res Bull 2023; 192:115-127. [PMID: 36441047 PMCID: PMC9907725 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Neurofilament and tau proteins are neuron-specific cytoskeletal proteins that are enriched in axons, regulated by many of the same protein kinases, interact physically, and are the principal constituents of neurofibrillary lesions in major adult-onset dementias. Both proteins share functions related to the modulation of stability and functions of the microtubule network in axons, axonal transport and scaffolding of organelles, long-term synaptic potentiation, and learning and memory. Expression of these proteins is regulated not only at the transcriptional level but also through posttranscriptional control of pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA stability, transport, localization, local translation and degradation. Current evidence suggests that posttranscriptional determinants of their levels are usually regulated by RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs primarily through 3'-untranslated regions of neurofilament and tau mRNAs. Dysregulations of neurofilament and tau expression caused by mutations or pathologies of RNA-binding proteins such as TDP43, FUS and microRNAs are increasingly recognized in association with varied neurological disorders. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of posttranscriptional control of neurofilament and tau by examining the posttranscriptional regulation of neurofilament and tau by RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs implicated in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Yuan
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Ralph A. Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA,Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA,NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA,Correspondence to: Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA, (A. Yuan), (R.A. Nixon)
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16
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Delaby C, Bousiges O, Bouvier D, Fillée C, Fourier A, Mondésert E, Nezry N, Omar S, Quadrio I, Rucheton B, Schraen-Maschke S, van Pesch V, Vicca S, Lehmann S, Bedel A. Neurofilaments contribution in clinic: state of the art. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1034684. [PMID: 36389064 PMCID: PMC9664201 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1034684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological biomarkers are particularly valuable to clinicians as they can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, or response to treatment. This field of neurology has evolved considerably in recent years with the improvement of analytical methods, allowing the detection of biomarkers not only in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but also in less invasive fluids like blood. These advances greatly facilitate the repeated quantification of biomarkers, including at asymptomatic stages of the disease. Among the various informative biomarkers of neurological disorders, neurofilaments (NfL) have proven to be of particular interest in many contexts, such as neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and cancer. Here we discuss these different pathologies and the potential value of NfL assay in the management of these patients, both for diagnosis and prognosis. We also describe the added value of NfL compared to other biomarkers currently used to monitor the diseases described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Delaby
- Université de Montpellier, IRMB, INM, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Laboratoire Biochimie-Protéomique clinique, Montpellier, France
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau—Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau—Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivier Bousiges
- Laboratoire de biochimie et biologie moléculaire (LBBM)—Pôle de biologie Hôpital de Hautepierre—CHU de Strasbourg, CNRS, laboratoire ICube UMR 7357 et FMTS (Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg), équipe IMIS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Damien Bouvier
- Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Catherine Fillée
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc UCLouvain, Service de Biochimie Médicale, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anthony Fourier
- Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire—LBMMS, Unité de diagnostic des pathologies dégénératives, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Lyon, France
| | - Etienne Mondésert
- Université de Montpellier, IRMB, INM, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Laboratoire Biochimie-Protéomique clinique, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nezry
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S-U1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Souheil Omar
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale de l’Institut de Neurologie de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Isabelle Quadrio
- Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire—LBMMS, Unité de diagnostic des pathologies dégénératives, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Lyon, France
| | - Benoit Rucheton
- Laboratoire de Biologie, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Susanna Schraen-Maschke
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S-U1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Vincent van Pesch
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc UCLouvain, Service de Neurologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Vicca
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, Laboratoire de Biochimie générale, DMU BioPhyGen, AP-HP.Centre—Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- Université de Montpellier, IRMB, INM, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Laboratoire Biochimie-Protéomique clinique, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurelie Bedel
- Service de Biochimie, CHU Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
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17
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Ooi H, Nasu R, Furukawa A, Takeuchi M, Koriyama Y. Pyridoxamine and Aminoguanidine Attenuate the Abnormal Aggregation of β-Tubulin and Suppression of Neurite Outgrowth by Glyceraldehyde-Derived Toxic Advanced Glycation End-Products. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:921611. [PMID: 35721214 PMCID: PMC9204210 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.921611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been identified as a risk factor for the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In our previous study, we demonstrated that glyceraldehyde (GA)-derived toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) induced similar alterations to those observed in AD. GA induced dysfunctional neurite outgrowth via TAGE-β-tubulin aggregation, which resulted in the TAGE-dependent abnormal aggregation of β-tubulin and tau phosphorylation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. However, the effects of inhibitors of AGE formation on dysfunctional neurite outgrowth caused by GA-induced abnormalities in the aggregation of β-tubulin and tau phosphorylation remain unknown. Aminoguanidine (AG), an AGE inhibitor, and pyridoxamine (PM), a natural form of vitamin B6 (VB6), are effective AGE inhibitors. Therefore, the present study investigated whether AG or PM ameliorate TAGE-β-tubulin aggregation and the suppression of neurite outgrowth by GA. The results obtained showed that AG and PM inhibited the formation of TAGE-β-tubulin, mitigated the GA-induced suppression of neurite outgrowth, and reduced GA-mediated increases in tau phosphorylation levels. Collectively, these results suggest the potential of AG and PM to prevent the DM-associated onset and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayahide Ooi
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Ryuto Nasu
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Ayako Furukawa
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yoshiki Koriyama,
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Almuslehi MSM, Sen MK, Shortland PJ, Mahns DA, Coorssen JR. Histological and Top-Down Proteomic Analyses of the Visual Pathway in the Cuprizone Demyelination Model. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1374-1401. [PMID: 35644788 PMCID: PMC9170674 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01997-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A change in visual perception is a frequent early symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), the pathoaetiology of which remains unclear. Following a slow demyelination process caused by 12 weeks of low-dose (0.1%) cuprizone (CPZ) consumption, histology and proteomics were used to investigate components of the visual pathway in young adult mice. Histological investigation did not identify demyelination or gliosis in the optic tracts, pretectal nuclei, superior colliculi, lateral geniculate nuclei or visual cortices. However, top-down proteomic assessment of the optic nerve/tract revealed a significant change in the abundance of 34 spots in high-resolution two-dimensional (2D) gels. Subsequent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-TMS) analysis identified alterations in 75 proteoforms. Literature mining revealed the relevance of these proteoforms in terms of proteins previously implicated in animal models, eye diseases and human MS. Importantly, 24 proteoforms were not previously described in any animal models of MS, eye diseases or MS itself. Bioinformatic analysis indicated involvement of these proteoforms in cytoskeleton organization, metabolic dysregulation, protein aggregation and axonal support. Collectively, these results indicate that continuous CPZ-feeding, which evokes a slow demyelination, results in proteomic changes that precede any clear histological changes in the visual pathway and that these proteoforms may be potential early markers of degenerative demyelinating conditions.
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19
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Biernacki T, Kokas Z, Sandi D, Füvesi J, Fricska-Nagy Z, Faragó P, Kincses TZ, Klivényi P, Bencsik K, Vécsei L. Emerging Biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis in the Blood and the CSF: A Focus on Neurofilaments and Therapeutic Considerations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063383. [PMID: 35328802 PMCID: PMC8951485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common immune-mediated chronic neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting young people. This is due to the permanent disability, cognitive impairment, and the enormous detrimental impact MS can exert on a patient's health-related quality of life. It is of great importance to recognise it in time and commence adequate treatment at an early stage. The currently used disease-modifying therapies (DMT) aim to reduce disease activity and thus halt disability development, which in current clinical practice are monitored by clinical and imaging parameters but not by biomarkers found in blood and/or the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Both clinical and radiological measures routinely used to monitor disease activity lack information on the fundamental pathophysiological features and mechanisms of MS. Furthermore, they lag behind the disease process itself. By the time a clinical relapse becomes evident or a new lesion appears on the MRI scan, potentially irreversible damage has already occurred in the CNS. In recent years, several biomarkers that previously have been linked to other neurological and immunological diseases have received increased attention in MS. Additionally, other novel, potential biomarkers with prognostic and diagnostic properties have been detected in the CSF and blood of MS patients. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarise the most up-to-date knowledge and research conducted on the already known and most promising new biomarker candidates found in the CSF and blood of MS patients. DISCUSSION the current diagnostic criteria of MS relies on three pillars: MRI imaging, clinical events, and the presence of oligoclonal bands in the CSF (which was reinstated into the diagnostic criteria by the most recent revision). Even though the most recent McDonald criteria made the diagnosis of MS faster than the prior iteration, it is still not an infallible diagnostic toolset, especially at the very early stage of the clinically isolated syndrome. Together with the gold standard MRI and clinical measures, ancillary blood and CSF biomarkers may not just improve diagnostic accuracy and speed but very well may become agents to monitor therapeutic efficacy and make even more personalised treatment in MS a reality in the near future. The major disadvantage of these biomarkers in the past has been the need to obtain CSF to measure them. However, the recent advances in extremely sensitive immunoassays made their measurement possible from peripheral blood even when present only in minuscule concentrations. This should mark the beginning of a new biomarker research and utilisation era in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Biernacki
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Zsófia Kokas
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Dániel Sandi
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Judit Füvesi
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Zsanett Fricska-Nagy
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Péter Faragó
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Tamás Zsigmond Kincses
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Radiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Klivényi
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - Krisztina Bencsik
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
| | - László Vécsei
- Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Centre, Department of Neurology, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (T.B.); (Z.K.); (D.S.); (J.F.); (Z.F.-N.); (P.F.); (T.Z.K.); (P.K.); (K.B.)
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-62-545-356; Fax: +36-62-545-597
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20
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Aggio V, Fabbella L, Finardi A, Mazza EB, Colombo C, Falini A, Benedetti F, Furlan R. Neurofilaments light: Possible biomarker of brain modifications in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 300:243-248. [PMID: 34979181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain white matter (WM) abnormalities are biomarkers that seem to be involved in bipolar disorder (BD) aetiology and maintenance. Evidences suggest a possible association between neurodegeneration, neuroaxonal alterations and BD. A biomarker that is recently drawing attention is neurofilaments light (NfL) chain, a cytoskeletal intermediate filament protein expressed in neurons. To investigate neuroimaging alterations associated with BD, we studied the association between NfL levels and WM microstructure. METHODS NfL plasma quantification was performed in a sample of 45 depressed BD patients compared with 29 healthy controls (HC) using Quanterix SIMOA assay. Statistical analysis were conducted to evaluate NfL levels differences between BD patients and controls. Analyses of the diffusion data were performed using Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) on Diffusion Tensor images acquired using a 3.0 Tesla MR scanner. RESULTS Patients had higher NfL levels than HC (9.13 ± 4.78 vs 4.28 ± 2.39 pg/ml; p < 0.001). The separate-slopes analysis of variance showed a significant interaction of age with diagnosis (Likelihood-ratio test: χ2 = 27.52, p < 0.0001) with significant effects only in the BD sample (p = 0.023). The TBSS analysis, performed within the BD sample, showed a significant positive correlation between NfL levels and axial diffusivity (AD) in a wide single cluster encompassing several tracts. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that the physiological age-dependent increment of NfL level is augmented in BD, possibly because of increased remodelling and plasticity processes related to an accelerated ageing condition. The positive association between NfL levels and AD, may reflect a condition of remyelination and axonal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Aggio
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Stamira d'Ancona, 20, Milan 20127, Italy.
| | - Lorena Fabbella
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Beatrice Mazza
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Stamira d'Ancona, 20, Milan 20127, Italy
| | - Cristina Colombo
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Stamira d'Ancona, 20, Milan 20127, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Milan, Italy; Neuroradiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Stamira d'Ancona, 20, Milan 20127, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Milan, Italy
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21
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Overexpression of the dystrophins Dp40 and Dp40 L170P modifies neurite outgrowth and the protein expression profile of PC12 cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1410. [PMID: 35082358 PMCID: PMC8791958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dp40 is ubiquitously expressed including the central nervous system. In addition to being present in the nucleus, membrane, and cytoplasm, Dp40 is detected in neurites and postsynaptic spines in hippocampal neurons. Although Dp40 is expressed from the same promoter as Dp71, its role in the cognitive impairment present in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients is still unknown. Here, we studied the effects of overexpression of Dp40 and Dp40L170P during the neuronal differentiation of PC12 Tet-On cells. We found that Dp40 overexpression increased the percentage of PC12 cells with neurites and neurite length, while Dp40L170P overexpression decreased them compared to Dp40 overexpression. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis showed that the protein expression profile was modified in nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12-Dp40L170P cells compared to that of the control cells (PC12 Tet-On). The proteins α-internexin and S100a6, involved in cytoskeletal structure, were upregulated. The expression of vesicle-associated membrane proteins increased in differentiated PC12-Dp40 cells, in contrast to PC12-Dp40L170P cells, while neurofilament light-chain was decreased in both differentiated cells. These results suggest that Dp40 has an important role in the neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells through the regulation of proteins involved in neurofilaments and exocytosis of synaptic vesicles, functions that might be affected in PC12-Dp40L170P.
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22
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Yik JT, Becquart P, Gill J, Petkau J, Traboulsee A, Carruthers R, Kolind SH, Devonshire V, Sayao AL, Schabas A, Tam R, Moore GRW, Li DKB, Stukas S, Wellington C, Quandt JA, Vavasour IM, Laule C. Serum neurofilament light chain correlates with myelin and axonal magnetic resonance imaging markers in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 57:103366. [PMID: 35158472 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofilaments are cytoskeletal proteins that are detectable in the blood after neuroaxonal injury. Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression, greater lesion volume, and brain atrophy are associated with higher levels of serum neurofilament light chain (NfL), but few studies have examined the relationship between NfL and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures related to myelin and axons. We assessed the relationship between serum NfL and brain MRI measures in a diverse group of MS participants. METHODS AND MATERIALS 103 participants (20 clinically isolated syndrome, 33 relapsing-remitting, 30 secondary progressive, 20 primary progressive) underwent 3T MRI to obtain myelin water fraction (MWF), geometric mean T2 (GMT2), water content, T1; high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI)-derived axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), fractional anisotropy (FA); diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI)-derived AD, RD, FA; restricted, hindered, water and fiber fractions; and volume measurements of normalized brain, lesion, thalamic, deep gray matter (GM), and cortical thickness. Multiple linear regressions assessed the strength of association between serum NfL (dependent variable) and each MRI measure in whole brain (WB), normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and T2 lesions (independent variables), while controlling for age, expanded disability status scale, and disease duration. RESULTS Serum NfL levels were significantly associated with metrics of axonal damage (FA: R2WB-HARDI = 0.29, R2NAWM-HARDI = 0.31, R2NAWM-DBSI = 0.30, R2Lesion-DBSI = 0.31; AD: R2WB-HARDI=0.31), myelin damage (MWF: R2WB = 0.29, R2NAWM = 0.30, RD: R2WB-HARDI = 0.32, R2NAWM-HARDI = 0.34, R2Lesion-DBSI = 0.30), edema and inflammation (T1: R2Lesion = 0.32; GMT2: R2WB = 0.31, R2Lesion = 0.31), and cellularity (restricted fraction R2WB = 0.30, R2NAWM = 0.32) across the entire MS cohort. Higher serum NfL levels were associated with significantly higher T2 lesion volume (R2 = 0.35), lower brain structure volumes (thalamus R2 = 0.31; deep GM R2 = 0.33; normalized brain R2 = 0.31), and smaller cortical thickness R2 = 0.31). CONCLUSION The association between NfL and myelin MRI markers suggest that elevated serum NfL is a useful biomarker that reflects not only acute axonal damage, but also damage to myelin and inflammation, likely due to the known synergistic myelin-axon coupling relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie T Yik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pierre Becquart
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jasmine Gill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John Petkau
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anthony Traboulsee
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert Carruthers
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shannon H Kolind
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Virginia Devonshire
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ana-Luiza Sayao
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alice Schabas
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roger Tam
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - G R Wayne Moore
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David K B Li
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sophie Stukas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cheryl Wellington
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jacqueline A Quandt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Irene M Vavasour
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cornelia Laule
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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23
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Katzendorn O, Peters I, Dubrowinskaja N, Moog JM, Reese C, Tezval H, Faraj Tabrizi P, Hennenlotter J, Lafos M, Kuczyk MA, Serth J. DNA Methylation in INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 Is Associated with Metastatic Disease in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010039. [PMID: 35008203 PMCID: PMC8750163 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of DNA methylation in primary tumor tissues could be relevant for early stratification of aggressive renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) as a basis for future personalized adjuvant therapy. Methylated TCGA KIRC based candidate CpG loci in INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 that are possibly associated with RCC metastasis were evaluated by pyrosequencing in 154 paired normal adjacent and primary tumor tissues, as well as in 202 metastatic tissues. Statistical analysis was carried out by bivariate logistic regression for group comparisons, log rank survival analysis, and unsupervised and supervised analysis for the classification of tumors. Increased methylation of INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 loci were significantly associated with distant metastasis in primary tumors (p < 0.05), tissue-specific hypermethylation in metastatic (p = 7.88 × 10-8, 5.57 × 10-10, 2.06 × 10-7) and tumor tissues (p = 3.72 × 10-24, 3.17 × 10-13, 1.58 × 10-19), and shortened progression free survival in patients (p = 0.03). Combined use of CpG site-specific methylation permits the discrimination of tissues with metastatic disease and reveals a significant contribution of CpG sites in all genes to the statistical classification model. Thus, metastasis in RCC is significantly associated with methylation alterations in INA, NHLH2, and THBS4 loci, providing independent information for the potential early detection of aggressive renal cancers as a rationale for stratifying patients to adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Katzendorn
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Inga Peters
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Natalia Dubrowinskaja
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Joana M. Moog
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Christel Reese
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Hossein Tezval
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Pouriya Faraj Tabrizi
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Marcel Lafos
- Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Markus A. Kuczyk
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Jürgen Serth
- Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (O.K.); (I.P.); (N.D.); (J.M.M.); (C.R.); (H.T.); (P.F.T.); (M.A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-6673
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24
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Kouchaki E, Dashti F, Mirazimi SMA, Alirezaei Z, Jafari SH, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:1308-1325. [PMID: 34602928 PMCID: PMC8481790 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) have improved over the past 25 years, but now the main question for physicians is deciding who should receive treatment, for how long, and when to switch to other options. These decisions are typically based on treatment tolerance and a reasonable expectation of long-term efficacy. A significant unmet need is the lack of accurate laboratory measurements for diagnosis, and monitoring of treatment response, including deterioration and disease progression. There are few validated biomarkers for MS, and in practice, physicians employ two biomarkers discovered fifty years ago for MS diagnosis, often in combination with MRI scans. These biomarkers are intrathecal IgG and oligoclonal bands in the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a relatively new biomarker for MS diagnosis and follow up. Neurofilaments are neuron-specific cytoskeleton proteins that can be measured in various body compartments. NfL is a new biomarker for MS that can be measured in serum samples, but this still needs further study to specify the laboratory cut-off values in clinical practice. In the present review we discuss the evidence for NfL as a reliable biomarker for the early detection and management of MS. Moreover, we highlight the correlation between MRI and NfL, and ask whether they can be combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Kouchaki
- MS Fellowship, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zahra Alirezaei
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Paramedical School, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamed Jafari
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran
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25
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Yuan A, Nixon RA. Neurofilament Proteins as Biomarkers to Monitor Neurological Diseases and the Efficacy of Therapies. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:689938. [PMID: 34646114 PMCID: PMC8503617 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.689938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuronal injury have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, disease monitoring, prognosis, and measure treatment efficacy. Neurofilament proteins (NfPs) are well suited as biomarkers in these contexts because they are major neuron-specific components that maintain structural integrity and are sensitive to neurodegeneration and neuronal injury across a wide range of neurologic diseases. Low levels of NfPs are constantly released from neurons into the extracellular space and ultimately reach the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood under physiological conditions throughout normal brain development, maturation, and aging. NfP levels in CSF and blood rise above normal in response to neuronal injury and neurodegeneration independently of cause. NfPs in CSF measured by lumbar puncture are about 40-fold more concentrated than in blood in healthy individuals. New ultra-sensitive methods now allow minimally invasive measurement of these low levels of NfPs in serum or plasma to track disease onset and progression in neurological disorders or nervous system injury and assess responses to therapeutic interventions. Any of the five Nf subunits - neurofilament light chain (NfL), neurofilament medium chain (NfM), neurofilament heavy chain (NfH), alpha-internexin (INA) and peripherin (PRPH) may be altered in a given neuropathological condition. In familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), plasma NfL levels may rise as early as 22 years before clinical onset in familial AD and 10 years before sporadic AD. The major determinants of elevated levels of NfPs and degradation fragments in CSF and blood are the magnitude of damaged or degenerating axons of fiber tracks, the affected axon caliber sizes and the rate of release of NfP and fragments at different stages of a given neurological disease or condition directly or indirectly affecting central nervous system (CNS) and/or peripheral nervous system (PNS). NfPs are rapidly emerging as transformative blood biomarkers in neurology providing novel insights into a wide range of neurological diseases and advancing clinical trials. Here we summarize the current understanding of intracellular NfP physiology, pathophysiology and extracellular kinetics of NfPs in biofluids and review the value and limitations of NfPs and degradation fragments as biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Yuan
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ralph A. Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, (NYU), Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, United States
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Callegari I, Derfuss T, Galli E. Update on treatment in multiple sclerosis. Presse Med 2021; 50:104068. [PMID: 34033862 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2021.104068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. In recent years, many disease-modifying therapies (DMT) have been approved for MS treatment. For this reason, a profound knowledge of the characteristics and indications of the available compounds is required to tailor the therapeutic strategy to the individual patient characteristics. This should include the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic of the drug, the safety and efficacy profile provided by clinical trials, as well as the understanding of possible side effects. Moreover, the evolving knowledge of the disease is paving the way to new and innovative therapeutic approaches, as well as the development of new biomarkers to monitor the therapeutic response and to guide the clinician's therapeutic choices. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview on currently approved therapies in MS and the emerging evidence-based strategies to adopt for initiating, monitoring, and eventually adapting a therapeutic regimen with DMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Callegari
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Edoardo Galli
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Khan MI, Hasan F, Mahmud KAHA, Adnan A. Viscoelastic Response of Neurofilaments: An Atomistic Simulation Approach. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040540. [PMID: 33917073 PMCID: PMC8067762 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Existent literature has limitations regarding the mechanical behavior of axonal cytoskeletal components in a high strain rate scenario, which is mainly due to limitations regarding the structure of some components such as tau protein and neurofilaments (NF). This study performs molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on NFs to extract their strain rate-dependent behavior. It is found that they are highly stretchable and show multiple stages of unfolding. Furthermore, NFs show high tensile stiffness. Also, viscoelastic modeling shows that they correspond to simplified viscoelastic models. This study effectively enhances the existent axonal models focusing on axonal injury.
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Gynura divaricata Water Extract Presented the Possibility to Enhance Neuronal Regeneration. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8818618. [PMID: 33680064 PMCID: PMC7904343 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8818618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gynura divaricata (GD) is an Asian herb widely used as an alternative medicine and functional food for type 2 diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy is considered as an important complication of diabetic patients. This study focused on neuroregenerative effects of GD for use in the prevention of diabetic neuropathy. GD leaves were cut and boiled in water to mimic real-life cooking. The boiled content was filtered through white gauze and lyophilized to preserve as dried powder. Antioxidant assay was performed using DPPH assays. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS was employed to test for important compounds in the extract of these herbs. MTT assay was used to test for cell viability. The extracts at concentration of 250 μg/mL were tested with human gingival cell to observe the change of gene expression. The DPPH assay showed that GD water extract at the concentration of 5000 μg/mL could inhibit DPPH radical for 39.2%. The results showed that 5000 µg of GD water extract contained total phenolic content equivalent to 310.9 µg standard gallic acid. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS result found phenolic acids and flavonoids as the main components. Human gingival cells treated with 250 μg/mL of GD water extract for 10 days showed upregulation of some neuronal differentiation markers. Staining with Cdr3 dye confirmed the presentation of neuronal progenitors. The extract at the concentration of 250 μg/mL was also tested with apical papilla cells to screen for change of gene expression by RNA sequencing. The result also showed significant upregulation of alpha-internexin (INA). These results indicated that GD water extract might have an inductive effect for neural regeneration and could be used as functional food and supplementation for the prevention or treatment of diabetic neuropathy. This work provided the basic knowledge for further investigations into the benefits of GD for diabetic neuropathy.
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Gafson AR, Barthélemy NR, Bomont P, Carare RO, Durham HD, Julien JP, Kuhle J, Leppert D, Nixon RA, Weller RO, Zetterberg H, Matthews PM. Neurofilaments: neurobiological foundations for biomarker applications. Brain 2020; 143:1975-1998. [PMID: 32408345 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in neurofilaments has risen sharply in recent years with recognition of their potential as biomarkers of brain injury or neurodegeneration in CSF and blood. This is in the context of a growing appreciation for the complexity of the neurobiology of neurofilaments, new recognition of specialized roles for neurofilaments in synapses and a developing understanding of mechanisms responsible for their turnover. Here we will review the neurobiology of neurofilament proteins, describing current understanding of their structure and function, including recently discovered evidence for their roles in synapses. We will explore emerging understanding of the mechanisms of neurofilament degradation and clearance and review new methods for future elucidation of the kinetics of their turnover in humans. Primary roles of neurofilaments in the pathogenesis of human diseases will be described. With this background, we then will review critically evidence supporting use of neurofilament concentration measures as biomarkers of neuronal injury or degeneration. Finally, we will reflect on major challenges for studies of the neurobiology of intermediate filaments with specific attention to identifying what needs to be learned for more precise use and confident interpretation of neurofilament measures as biomarkers of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arie R Gafson
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Nicolas R Barthélemy
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pascale Bomont
- ATIP-Avenir team, INM, INSERM, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Roxana O Carare
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Heather D Durham
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Center, 2601 Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Jens Kuhle
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Leppert
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralph A Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Roy O Weller
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Paul M Matthews
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College, London
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Cao Y, Liu T, Li Z, Yang J, Ma L, Mi X, Yang N, Qi A, Guo X, Wang A. Neurofilament degradation is involved in laparotomy-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25643-25657. [PMID: 33232265 PMCID: PMC7803518 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Excessive neuroinflammatory responses play important roles in the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Neurofilaments (NFs) were essential to the structure of axon and nerve conduction; and the abnormal degradation of NFs were always accompanied with degenerative diseases, which were also characterized by excessive neuroinflammatory responses in brain. However, it is still unclear whether the NFs were involved in the POCD. In this study, the LC-MS/MS method was used to explore the neuroinflammatory response and NFs of POCD in aged rats. Moreover, trichostatin A (TSA), an inflammation-related drug, was selected to test whether it could improve the surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction, inflammatory responses and NFs. Evident cognitive dysfunction, excessive microglia activation, neuroinflammatory responses and upregulated NFs in hippocampus were observed in the POCD group. TSA pretreatment could significantly mitigate these changes. The KEGG analysis revealed that nine pathways were enriched in the TSA + surgery group (versus the surgery group). Among them, two signaling pathways were closely related with the changes of NFs proteins. In conclusion, surgery could impair the cognitive function and aggravate neuroinflammation and NFs. The TSA could significantly improve these changes which might be related to the activation of the “focal adhesion” and “ECM-receptor interaction” pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhengqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sixth People’s Hospital East Campus Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Medical Imaging, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Xinning Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Aihua Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Aizhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, China
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31
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Blood Neurofilament Light Chain: The Neurologist's Troponin? Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110523. [PMID: 33233404 PMCID: PMC7700209 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a marker of neuro-axonal injury showing promising associations with outcomes of interest in several neurological conditions. Although initially discovered and investigated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the recent development of ultrasensitive digital immunoassay technologies has enabled reliable detection in serum/plasma, obviating the need for invasive lumbar punctures for longitudinal assessment. The most evidence for utility relates to multiple sclerosis (MS) where it serves as an objective measure of both the inflammatory and degenerative pathologies that characterise this disease. In this review, we summarise the physiology and pathophysiology of neurofilaments before focusing on the technological advancements that have enabled reliable quantification of NfL in blood. As the test case for clinical translation, we then highlight important recent developments linking blood NfL levels to outcomes in MS and the next steps to be overcome before this test is adopted on a routine clinical basis.
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32
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Ji Y, Zhang X, Wang Z, Qin W, Liu H, Xue K, Tang J, Xu Q, Zhu D, Liu F, Yu C. Genes associated with gray matter volume alterations in schizophrenia. Neuroimage 2020; 225:117526. [PMID: 33147509 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although both schizophrenia and gray matter volume (GMV) show high heritability, however, genes accounting for GMV alterations in schizophrenia remain largely unknown. Based on risk genes identified in schizophrenia by the genome-wide association study of the Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, we used transcription-neuroimaging association analysis to test that which of these genes are associated with GMV changes in schizophrenia. For each brain tissue sample, the expression profiles of 196 schizophrenia risk genes were extracted from six donated normal brains of the Allen Human Brain Atlas, and GMV differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls were calculated based on five independent case-control structural MRI datasets (276 patients and 284 controls). Genes associated with GMV changes in schizophrenia were identified by performing cross-sample spatial correlations between expression levels of each gene and case-control GMV difference derived from the five MRI datasets integrated by harmonization and meta-analysis. We found that expression levels of 98 genes consistently showed significant cross-sample spatial correlations with GMV changes in schizophrenia. These genes were functionally enriched for chemical synaptic transmission, central nervous system development, and cell projection. Overall, this study provides a set of genes possibly associated with GMV changes in schizophrenia, which could be used as candidate genes to explore biological mechanisms underlying the structural impairments in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ji
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zirui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Huaigui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Kaizhong Xue
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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33
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Nasu R, Furukawa A, Suzuki K, Takeuchi M, Koriyama Y. The Effect of Glyceraldehyde-Derived Advanced Glycation End Products on β-Tubulin-Inhibited Neurite Outgrowth in SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102958. [PMID: 32992566 PMCID: PMC7601248 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional factors can affect the risk of developing neurological disorders and their rate of progression. In particular, abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism in diabetes mellitus patients lead to an increased risk of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the relationship between nervous system disorder and the pathogenesis of AD by exposing SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to glyceraldehyde (GA). We previously reported that GA-derived toxic advanced glycation end products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) induce AD-like alterations including intracellular tau phosphorylation. However, the role of TAGE and their target molecules in the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the target protein for TAGE by performing two-dimensional immunoblot analysis with anti-TAGE antibody and mass spectrometry and identified β-tubulin as one of the targets. GA treatment induced TAGE-β-tubulin formation and abnormal aggregation of β-tubulin, and inhibited neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells. On the other hand, glucose-derived AGEs were also involved in developing AD. However, glucose did not make abnormal aggregation of β-tubulin and did not inhibit neurite outgrowth. Understanding the underlying mechanism of TAGE-β-tubulin formation by GA and its role in neurodegeneration may aid in the development of novel therapeutics and neuroprotection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuto Nasu
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan; (R.N.); (A.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Ayako Furukawa
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan; (R.N.); (A.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan; (R.N.); (A.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan;
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Japan; (R.N.); (A.F.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
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34
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Rodemer W, Gallo G, Selzer ME. Mechanisms of Axon Elongation Following CNS Injury: What Is Happening at the Axon Tip? Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:177. [PMID: 32719586 PMCID: PMC7347967 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
After an injury to the central nervous system (CNS), functional recovery is limited by the inability of severed axons to regenerate and form functional connections with appropriate target neurons beyond the injury. Despite tremendous advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of axon growth, and of the inhibitory factors in the injured CNS that prevent it, disappointingly little progress has been made in restoring function to human patients with CNS injuries, such as spinal cord injury (SCI), through regenerative therapies. Clearly, the large number of overlapping neuron-intrinsic and -extrinsic growth-inhibitory factors attenuates the benefit of neutralizing any one target. More daunting is the distances human axons would have to regenerate to reach some threshold number of target neurons, e.g., those that occupy one complete spinal segment, compared to the distances required in most experimental models, such as mice and rats. However, the difficulties inherent in studying mechanisms of axon regeneration in the mature CNS in vivo have caused researchers to rely heavily on extrapolation from studies of axon regeneration in peripheral nerve, or of growth cone-mediated axon development in vitro and in vivo. Unfortunately, evidence from several animal models, including the transected lamprey spinal cord, has suggested important differences between regeneration of mature CNS axons and growth of axons in peripheral nerve, or during embryonic development. Specifically, long-distance regeneration of severed axons may not involve the actin-myosin molecular motors that guide embryonic growth cones in developing axons. Rather, non-growth cone-mediated axon elongation may be required to propel injured axons in the mature CNS. If so, it may be necessary to use other experimental models to promote regeneration that is sufficient to contact a critical number of target neurons distal to a CNS lesion. This review examines the cytoskeletal underpinnings of axon growth, focusing on the elongating axon tip, to gain insights into how CNS axons respond to injury, and how this might affect the development of regenerative therapies for SCI and other CNS injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Rodemer
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael E Selzer
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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35
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Demy DL, Campanari ML, Munoz-Ruiz R, Durham HD, Gentil BJ, Kabashi E. Functional Characterization of Neurofilament Light Splicing and Misbalance in Zebrafish. Cells 2020; 9:E1238. [PMID: 32429483 PMCID: PMC7291018 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs), a major cytoskeletal component of motor neurons, play a key role in the differentiation, establishment and maintenance of their morphology and mechanical strength. The de novo assembly of these neuronal intermediate filaments requires the presence of the neurofilament light subunit (NEFL), whose expression is reduced in motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study used zebrafish as a model to characterize the NEFL homologue neflb, which encodes two different isoforms via a splicing of the primary transcript (neflbE4 and neflbE3). In vivo imaging showed that neflb is crucial for proper neuronal development, and that disrupting the balance between its two isoforms specifically affects the NF assembly and motor axon growth, with resultant motor deficits. This equilibrium is also disrupted upon the partial depletion of TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43), an RNA-binding protein encoded by the gene TARDBP that is mislocalized into cytoplasmic inclusions in ALS. The study supports the interaction of the NEFL expression and splicing with TDP-43 in a common pathway, both biologically and pathogenetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Lou Demy
- Institut Imagine, UMR-1163 INSERM et Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; (D.L.D.); (M.L.C.); (R.M.-R.)
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR INSERM U 1127, CNRS 1127 UPMC, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière—ICM, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maria Letizia Campanari
- Institut Imagine, UMR-1163 INSERM et Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; (D.L.D.); (M.L.C.); (R.M.-R.)
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR INSERM U 1127, CNRS 1127 UPMC, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière—ICM, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Raphael Munoz-Ruiz
- Institut Imagine, UMR-1163 INSERM et Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; (D.L.D.); (M.L.C.); (R.M.-R.)
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR INSERM U 1127, CNRS 1127 UPMC, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière—ICM, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Heather D. Durham
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (H.D.D.); (B.J.G.)
| | - Benoit J. Gentil
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; (H.D.D.); (B.J.G.)
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Edor Kabashi
- Institut Imagine, UMR-1163 INSERM et Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, 24, boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France; (D.L.D.); (M.L.C.); (R.M.-R.)
- Sorbonne Universités Paris VI, UMR INSERM U 1127, CNRS 1127 UPMC, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière—ICM, 75015 Paris, France
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36
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Bott CJ, Winckler B. Intermediate filaments in developing neurons: Beyond structure. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2020; 77:110-128. [PMID: 31970897 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal development relies on a highly choreographed progression of dynamic cellular processes by which newborn neurons migrate, extend axons and dendrites, innervate their targets, and make functional synapses. Many of these dynamic processes require coordinated changes in morphology, powered by the cell's cytoskeleton. Intermediate filaments (IFs) are the third major cytoskeletal elements in vertebrate cells, but are rarely considered when it comes to understanding axon and dendrite growth, pathfinding and synapse formation. In this review, we first introduce the many new and exciting concepts of IF function, discovered mostly in non-neuronal cells. These roles include dynamic rearrangements, crosstalk with microtubules and actin filaments, mechano-sensing and -transduction, and regulation of signaling cascades. We then discuss the understudied roles of neuronally expressed IFs, with a particular focus on IFs expressed during development, such as nestin, vimentin and α-internexin. Lastly, we illustrate how signaling modulation by the unconventional IF nestin shapes neuronal morphogenesis in unexpected and novel ways. Even though the first IF knockout mice were made over 20 years ago, the study of the cell biological functions of IFs in the brain still has much room for exciting new discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Bott
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bettina Winckler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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37
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Stone EJ, Uchida A, Brown A. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Type 2E/1F mutant neurofilament proteins assemble into neurofilaments. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2019; 76:423-439. [PMID: 31574566 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Type 2E/1F (CMT2E/1F) is a peripheral neuropathy caused by mutations in neurofilament protein L (NFL), which is one of five neurofilament subunit proteins that co-assemble to form neurofilaments in vivo. Prior studies on cultured cells have shown that CMT2E/1F mutations disrupt neurofilament assembly and lead to protein aggregation, suggesting a possible disease mechanism. However, electron microscopy of axons in peripheral nerve biopsies from patients has revealed accumulations of neurofilament polymers of normal appearance and no evidence of protein aggregates. To reconcile these observations, we reexamined the assembly of seven CMT2E/1F NFL mutants in cultured cells. None of the mutants assembled into homopolymers in SW13vim- cells, but P8R, P22S, L268/269P, and P440/441L mutant NFL assembled into heteropolymers in the presence of neurofilament protein M (NFM) alone, and N98S, Q332/333P, and E396/397K mutant NFL assembled in the presence of NFM and peripherin. P8R, P22S, N98S, L268/269P, E396/397K, and P440/441L mutant NFL co-assembled into neurofilaments with endogenous NFL, NFM, and α-internexin in cultured neurons, although the N98S and E396/397K mutants showed reduced filament incorporation, and the Q332/333P mutant showed limited incorporation. We conclude that all the mutants are capable of assembling into neurofilaments, but for some of the mutants this was dependent on the identity of the other neurofilament proteins available for co-assembly, and most likely also their relative expression level. Thus, caution should be exercised when drawing conclusions about the assembly capacity of CMT2E/1F mutants based on transient transfections in cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Stone
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Atsuko Uchida
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anthony Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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38
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Halakos EG, Connell AJ, Glazewski L, Wei S, Mason RW. Bottom up proteomics reveals novel differentiation proteins in neuroblastoma cells treated with 13-cis retinoic acid. J Proteomics 2019; 209:103491. [PMID: 31472280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, a cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, is the second most common pediatric cancer. A unique feature of neuroblastoma is remission in some patients due to spontaneous differentiation of metastatic tumors. 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA) is currently used in the clinic to treat neuroblastoma due to its differentiation inducing effects. In this study, we used shotgun proteomics to identify proteins affected by 13-cis RA treatment in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Our results showed that 13-cis RA reduced proteins involved in extracellular matrix synthesis and organization and increased proteins involved in cell adhesion and neurofilament formation. These changes indicate that 13-cis RA induces tumor cell differentiation by decreasing extracellular matrix rigidity and increasing neurite overgrowth. Differentially-affected proteins identified in this study may be novel biomarkers of drug efficacy in the treatment of neuroblastoma. SIGNIFICANCE: As neuroblastoma can spontaneously differentiate, determining which proteins are involved in differentiation can guide development of novel treatments. 13-cis retinoic acid is currently used in the clinic as a differentiation inducer. Here we have established a proteome map of SK-N-SH cells treated with 13-cis retinoic acid. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the involvement of development, differentiation, extracellular matrix assembly, collagen biosynthesis, and neurofilament bundle association. This proteome map provides information as to which proteins are important for differentiation and identifies networks that can be targeted by drugs to treat neuroblastoma [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Effie G Halakos
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Andrew J Connell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Lisa Glazewski
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Shuo Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Robert W Mason
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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39
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Lee S, Eyer J, Letournel F, Boumil E, Hall G, Shea TB. Neurofilaments form flexible bundles during neuritogenesis in culture and in mature axons in situ. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1306-1318. [PMID: 31304612 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs) undergo cation-dependent phospho-mediated associations with each other and other cytoskeletal elements that support axonal outgrowth. Progressive NF-NF associations generate a resident, bundled population that undergoes exchange with transporting NFs. We examined the properties of bundled NFs. Bundles did not always display a fully linear profile but curved and twisted at various points along the neurite length. Bundles retracted faster than neurites and retracted bundles did not expand following extraction with Triton, indicating that they coiled passively rather than due to pressure from the cell. Bundles consisted of helically wound NFs, which may provide flexibility necessary for turning of growing axons during pathfinding. Interactions between NFs and other cytoskeletal elements may be disrupted en masse during neurite retraction or regionally during remodeling. It is suggested that bundles within long axons that cannot be fully retracted into the soma could provide maintain proximal support yet still allow more distal flexibility for remodeling and changing direction during pathfinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmook Lee
- Laboratory for Neuroscience, Department of Biology Science, UMass Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Joel Eyer
- Institut de Biologie en Santé PBH-IRIS, Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | | | - Edward Boumil
- Center for Vision Research, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, New York
| | - Garth Hall
- Laboratory for Neuroscience, Department of Biology Science, UMass Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas B Shea
- Laboratory for Neuroscience, Department of Biology Science, UMass Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
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Didonna A, Opal P. The role of neurofilament aggregation in neurodegeneration: lessons from rare inherited neurological disorders. Mol Neurodegener 2019; 14:19. [PMID: 31097008 PMCID: PMC6524292 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-019-0318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are well known to involve the accumulation of disease-specific proteins. Less well known are the accumulations of another set of proteins, neuronal intermediate filaments (NFs), which have been observed in these diseases for decades. NFs belong to the family of cytoskeletal intermediate filament proteins (IFs) that give cells their shape; they determine axonal caliber, which controls signal conduction; and they regulate the transport of synaptic vesicles and modulate synaptic plasticity by binding to neurotransmitter receptors. In the last two decades, a number of rare disorders caused by mutations in genes that encode NFs or regulate their metabolism have been discovered. These less prevalent disorders are providing novel insights into the role of NF aggregation in the more common neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Didonna
- Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Puneet Opal
- Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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41
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MiR-105 and miR-9 regulate the mRNA stability of neuronal intermediate filaments. Implications for the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Brain Res 2019; 1706:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HAND. J Neurovirol 2019; 25:686-701. [PMID: 30607890 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In 2007, the nosology for HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) was updated to a primarily neurocognitive disorder. However, currently available diagnostic tools lack the sensitivity and specificity needed for an accurate diagnosis for HAND. Scientists and clinicians, therefore, have been on a quest for an innovative biomarker to diagnose (i.e., diagnostic biomarker) and/or predict (i.e., prognostic biomarker) the progression of HAND in the post-combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era. The present review examined the utility and challenges of four proposed biomarkers, including neurofilament light (NFL) chain concentration, amyloid (i.e., sAPPα, sAPPβ, amyloid β) and tau proteins (i.e., total tau, phosphorylated tau), resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and prepulse inhibition (PPI). Although significant genotypic differences have been observed in NFL chain concentration, sAPPα, sAPPβ, amyloid β, total tau, phosphorylated tau, and resting-state fMRI, inconsistencies and/or assessment limitations (e.g., invasive procedures, lack of disease specificity, cost) challenge their utility as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker for milder forms of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in the post-cART era. However, critical evaluation of the literature supports the utility of PPI as a powerful diagnostic biomarker with high accuracy (i.e., 86.7-97.1%), sensitivity (i.e., 89.3-100%), and specificity (i.e., 79.5-94.1%). Additionally, the inclusion of multiple CSF and/or plasma markers, rather than a single protein, may provide a more sensitive diagnostic biomarker for HAND; however, a pressing need for additional research remains. Most notably, PPI may serve as a prognostic biomarker for milder forms of NCI, evidenced by its ability to predict later NCI in higher-order cognitive domains with regression coefficients (i.e., r) greater than 0.8. Thus, PPI heralds an opportunity for the development of a brief, noninvasive diagnostic and promising prognostic biomarker for milder forms of NCI in the post-cART era.
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43
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Liao ML, Peng WH, Kan D, Chien CL. Distribution patterns of the zebrafish neuronal intermediate filaments inaa and inab. J Neurosci Res 2018; 97:202-214. [PMID: 30387501 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that the neuronal intermediate filament (IF) α-internexin may plays a role in the formation of the neuronal cytoskeleton during mammalian development. From a phylogenetic viewpoint, zebrafish express inaa and inab as homologs of mammalian α-internexin. However, the distribution patterns of the inaa and inab proteins throughout zebrafish development have not been well-characterized. We generated antibodies specific for zebrafish inaa and inab and analyzed the distribution of these two proteins in developing zebrafish. Inaa was identified in the major subdivisions of embryonic and larval brains as early as 1 day postfertilization (dpf), including the telencephalon, optic tectum, and cerebellum, and inab was also detected in the same regions from 3 dpf to the adult stage. Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time that inaa was distinctively expressed in the photoreceptor-like cells of the pineal gland, where inab was sparsely detected. Besides, the expression of inaa in male adult fish was found to be stable under different photoperiod conditions. Thus, we suggest that inaa is one of useful markers for studies of zebrafish cone photoreceptors not only in the retina but also in the pineal gland. In conclusion, we report that the distribution patterns of inaa and inab are phylogenetically conserved in the telencephalon, optic tectum, and cerebellum. Moreover, inaa and inab had different expression patterns in the pineal gland and retina during zebrafish development. Both inaa and inab are neuronal IFs and their functional roles may be different in various aspects of zebrafish neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lin Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hau Peng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine for International Student, College of Medicine, I-Shou University (Yanchao Campus), Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Daphne Kan
- Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Liang Chien
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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44
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Yuan A, Veeranna, Sershen H, Basavarajappa BS, Smiley JF, Hashim A, Bleiwas C, Berg M, Guifoyle DN, Subbanna S, Darji S, Kumar A, Rao MV, Wilson DA, Julien JP, Javitt DC, Nixon RA. Neurofilament light interaction with GluN1 modulates neurotransmission and schizophrenia-associated behaviors. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:167. [PMID: 30143609 PMCID: PMC6109052 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofilament (NFL) proteins have recently been found to play unique roles in synapses. NFL is known to interact with the GluN1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDAR) and be reduced in schizophrenia though functional consequences are unknown. Here we investigated whether the interaction of NFL with GluN1 modulates synaptic transmission and schizophrenia-associated behaviors. The interaction of NFL with GluN1 was assessed by means of molecular, pharmacological, electrophysiological, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and schizophrenia-associated behavior analyses. NFL deficits cause an NMDAR hypofunction phenotype including abnormal hippocampal function, as seen in schizophrenia. NFL-/- deletion in mice reduces dendritic spines and GluN1 protein levels, elevates ubiquitin-dependent turnover of GluN1 and hippocampal glutamate measured by MRS, and depresses hippocampal long-term potentiation. NMDAR-related behaviors are also impaired, including pup retrieval, spatial and social memory, prepulse inhibition, night-time activity, and response to NMDAR antagonist, whereas motor deficits are minimal. Importantly, partially lowering NFL in NFL+/- mice to levels seen regionally in schizophrenia, induced similar but milder NMDAR-related synaptic and behavioral deficits. Our findings support an emerging view that central nervous system neurofilament subunits including NFL in the present report, serve distinctive, critical roles in synapses relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Yuan
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA.
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Veeranna
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Henry Sershen
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Neurochemistry Division, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Balapal S Basavarajappa
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Analytical Psychopharmacology Division, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - John F Smiley
- Neurochemistry Division, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Audrey Hashim
- Neurochemistry Division, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Cynthia Bleiwas
- Neurochemistry Division, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Martin Berg
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - David N Guifoyle
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Shivakumar Subbanna
- Analytical Psychopharmacology Division, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Sandipkumar Darji
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Asok Kumar
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Mala V Rao
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Donald A Wilson
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Département d'anatomie et physiologie de l'Université Laval, 2795 boul. Laurier, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Daniel C Javitt
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Schizophrenia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Ralph A Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA.
- Departments of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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45
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Villalón E, Barry DM, Byers N, Frizzi K, Jones MR, Landayan DS, Dale JM, Downer NL, Calcutt NA, Garcia ML. Internode length is reduced during myelination and remyelination by neurofilament medium phosphorylation in motor axons. Exp Neurol 2018; 306:158-168. [PMID: 29772247 PMCID: PMC5994378 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The distance between nodes of Ranvier, referred to as internode length, positively correlates with axon diameter, and is optimized during development to ensure maximal neuronal conduction velocity. Following myelin loss, internode length is reestablished through remyelination. However, remyelination results in short internode lengths and reduced conduction rates. We analyzed the potential role of neurofilament phosphorylation in regulating internode length during remyelination and myelination. Following ethidium bromide induced demyelination, levels of neurofilament medium (NF-M) and heavy (NF-H) phosphorylation were unaffected. Preventing NF-M lysine-serine-proline (KSP) repeat phosphorylation increased internode length by 30% after remyelination. To further analyze the role of NF-M phosphorylation in regulating internode length, gene replacement was used to produce mice in which all KSP serine residues were replaced with glutamate to mimic constitutive phosphorylation. Mimicking constitutive KSP phosphorylation reduced internode length by 16% during myelination and motor nerve conduction velocity by ~27% without altering sensory nerve structure or function. Our results suggest that NF-M KSP phosphorylation is part of a cooperative mechanism between axons and Schwann cells that together determine internode length, and suggest motor and sensory axons utilize different mechanisms to establish internode length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Villalón
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Devin M Barry
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Nathan Byers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
| | - Katie Frizzi
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Maria R Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Dan S Landayan
- Department of Quantitative and Systems Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Dale
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Natalie L Downer
- Department of Biological Science, Moberly Area Community College, Moberly, MO 65270, United States
| | - Nigel A Calcutt
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Michael L Garcia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States; C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
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46
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Mages B, Aleithe S, Altmann S, Blietz A, Nitzsche B, Barthel H, Horn AKE, Hobusch C, Härtig W, Krueger M, Michalski D. Impaired Neurofilament Integrity and Neuronal Morphology in Different Models of Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Human Stroke Tissue. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:161. [PMID: 29967576 PMCID: PMC6015914 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of the neuronal cytoskeleton, neurofilaments are involved in maintaining cellular integrity. In the setting of ischemic stroke, the affection of the neurofilament network is considered to mediate the transition towards long-lasting tissue damage. Although peripheral levels of distinct neurofilament subunits are shown to correlate with the clinically observed severity of cerebral ischemia, neurofilaments have so far not been considered for neuroprotective approaches. Therefore, the present study systematically addresses ischemia-induced alterations of the neurofilament light (NF-L), medium (NF-M), and heavy (NF-H) subunits as well as of α-internexin (INA). For this purpose, we applied a multi-parametric approach including immunofluorescence labeling, western blotting, qRT-PCR and electron microscopy. Analyses comprised ischemia-affected tissue from three stroke models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), including approaches of filament-based MCAO in mice, thromboembolic MCAO in rats, and electrosurgical MCAO in sheep, as well as human autoptic stroke tissue. As indicated by altered immunosignals, impairment of neurofilament subunits was consistently observed throughout the applied stroke models and in human tissue. Thereby, altered NF-L immunoreactivity was also found to reach penumbral areas, while protein analysis revealed consistent reductions for NF-L and INA in the ischemia-affected neocortex in mice. At the mRNA level, the ischemic neocortex and striatum exhibited reduced expressions of NF-L- and NF-H-associated genes, whereas an upregulation for Ina appeared in the striatum. Further, multiple fluorescence labeling of neurofilament proteins revealed spheroid and bead-like structural alterations in human and rodent tissue, correlating with a cellular edema and lost cytoskeletal order at the ultrastructural level. Thus, the consistent ischemia-induced affection of neurofilament subunits in animals and human tissue, as well as the involvement of potentially salvageable tissue qualify neurofilaments as promising targets for neuroprotective strategies. During ischemia formation, such approaches may focus on the maintenance of neurofilament integrity, and appear applicable as co-treatment to modern recanalizing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Mages
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Aleithe
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Altmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexandra Blietz
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Björn Nitzsche
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja K E Horn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology I and German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Härtig
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krueger
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Bernal A, Arranz L. Nestin-expressing progenitor cells: function, identity and therapeutic implications. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2177-2195. [PMID: 29541793 PMCID: PMC5948302 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neuroepithelial stem cell protein, or Nestin, is a cytoskeletal intermediate filament initially characterized in neural stem cells. However, current extensive evidence obtained in in vivo models and humans shows presence of Nestin+ cells with progenitor and/or regulatory functions in a number of additional tissues, remarkably bone marrow. This review presents the current knowledge on the role of Nestin in essential stem cell functions, including self-renewal/proliferation, differentiation and migration, in the context of the cytoskeleton. We further discuss the available in vivo models for the study of Nestin+ cells and their progeny, their function and elusive nature in nervous system and bone marrow, and their potential mechanistic role and promising therapeutic value in preclinical models of disease. Future improved in vivo models and detection methods will allow to determine the true essence of Nestin+ cells and confirm their potential application as therapeutic target in a range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Bernal
- Stem Cell Aging and Cancer Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, MH Building Level 6, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lorena Arranz
- Stem Cell Aging and Cancer Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, MH Building Level 6, 9019, Tromsø, Norway.
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
- Young Associate Investigator, Norwegian Center for Molecular Medicine (NCMM), Oslo, Norway.
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48
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Bian X, Lin P, Li J, Long F, Duan R, Yuan Q, Li Y, Gao F, Gao S, Wei S, Li X, Sun W, Gong Y, Yan C, Liu Q. Whole-Genome Linkage Analysis with Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies a Novel Frameshift Variant in NEFH in a Chinese Family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2: A Novel Variant in NEFH for Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2. NEURODEGENER DIS 2018; 18:74-83. [PMID: 29587262 DOI: 10.1159/000487754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder of the peripheral nervous system. More than 50 genes/loci were found associated with the disease. We found a family with autosomal-dominant CMT2. OBJECTIVE To reveal the pathogenic gene of the family and further investigate the function of the variant. METHODS DNA underwent whole-genome linkage analysis for all family members and whole-exome sequencing for 2 affected members. Neurofilament light polypeptide and wild-type or mutant neurofilament heavy polypeptide (NEFH) were co-transfected into SW13 (vim-) cells. The nefh-knockdown zebrafish model was produced by using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides. RESULTS We identified a novel insertion variant (c.3057insG) in NEFH in the family. The variant led to the loss of a stop codon and an extended 41 amino acids in the protein. Immunofluorescence results revealed that mutant NEFH disrupted the neurofilament network and induced aggregation of NEFH protein. Knockdown of nefh in zebrafish caused a slightly or severely curled tail. The motor ability of nefh-knockdown embryos was impaired or even absent, and the embryos showed developmental defects of axons in motor neurons. The abnormal phenotype and axonal developmental defects could be rescued by injection of human wild-type but not human mutant NEFH mRNA. CONCLUSIONS We identified a novel stop loss variant in NEFH that is likely pathogenic for CMT2, and the results provide further evidence for the role of an aberrant assembly of neurofilament in CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Bian
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Pengfei Lin
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Long
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ruonan Duan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qianqian Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shijun Wei
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
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49
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Intermediate filament accumulation can stabilize microtubules in Caenorhabditis elegans motor neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:3114-3119. [PMID: 29511101 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721930115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural circuits utilize a coordinated cellular machinery to form and eliminate synaptic connections, with the neuronal cytoskeleton playing a prominent role. During larval development of Caenorhabditis elegans, synapses of motor neurons are stereotypically rewired through a process facilitated by dynamic microtubules (MTs). Through a genetic suppressor screen on mutant animals that fail to rewire synapses, and in combination with live imaging and ultrastructural studies, we find that intermediate filaments (IFs) stabilize MTs to prevent synapse rewiring. Genetic ablation of IFs or pharmacological disruption of IF networks restores MT growth and rescues synapse rewiring defects in the mutant animals, indicating that IF accumulation directly alters MT stability. Our work sheds light on the impact of IFs on MT dynamics and axonal transport, which is relevant to the mechanistic understanding of several human motor neuron diseases characterized by IF accumulation in axonal swellings.
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50
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Boumil EF, Vohnoutka R, Lee S, Pant H, Shea TB. Assembly and turnover of neurofilaments in growing axonal neurites. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.028795. [PMID: 29158321 PMCID: PMC5829495 DOI: 10.1242/bio.028795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofilaments (NFs) are thought to provide stability to the axon. We examined NF dynamics within axonal neurites of NB2a/d1 neuroblastoma by transient transfection with green fluorescent protein-tagged NF-heavy (GFP-H) under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter. Immunofluorescent and biochemical analyses demonstrated that GFP-H expressed early during neurite outgrowth associated with a population of centrally-situated, highly-phosphorylated crosslinked NFs along the length of axonal neurites (‘bundled NFs’). By contrast, GFP-H expressed after considerable neurite outgrowth displayed markedly reduced association with bundled NFs and was instead more evenly distributed throughout the axon. This differential localization was maintained for up to 2 weeks in culture. Once considerable neurite outgrowth had progressed, GFP that had previously associated with the NF bundle during early expression was irreversibly depleted by photobleaching. Cessation of expression allowed monitoring of NF turnover. GFP-H associated bundled NFs underwent slower decay than GFP-H associated with surrounding, less-phosphorylated NFs. Notably, GFP associated with bundled NFs underwent similar decay rates within the core and edges of this bundle. These results are consistent with previous demonstration of a resident NF population within axonal neurites, but suggest that this population is more dynamic than previously considered. Summary: Immunofluorescent and radiolabel analyses demonstrate that neurofilaments establish a resident population within growing axonal neurites that undergoes exchange with a surrounding, transporting pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F Boumil
- Laboratory for Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Rishel Vohnoutka
- Laboratory for Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Sangmook Lee
- Laboratory for Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Harish Pant
- Cytoskeletal Protein Regulation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 , USA
| | - Thomas B Shea
- Laboratory for Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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