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Ye J, Wan H, Chen S, Liu GP. Targeting tau in Alzheimer's disease: from mechanisms to clinical therapy. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1489-1498. [PMID: 38051891 PMCID: PMC10883484 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease affecting older adults. Primary features of Alzheimer's disease include extracellular aggregation of amyloid-β plaques and the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles, formed by tau protein, in the cells. While there are amyloid-β-targeting therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, these therapies are costly and exhibit potential negative side effects. Mounting evidence suggests significant involvement of tau protein in Alzheimer's disease-related neurodegeneration. As an important microtubule-associated protein, tau plays an important role in maintaining the stability of neuronal microtubules and promoting axonal growth. In fact, clinical studies have shown that abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein occurs before accumulation of amyloid-β in the brain. Various therapeutic strategies targeting tau protein have begun to emerge, and are considered possible methods to prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease. Specifically, abnormalities in post-translational modifications of the tau protein, including aberrant phosphorylation, ubiquitination, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation, acetylation, and truncation, contribute to its microtubule dissociation, misfolding, and subcellular missorting. This causes mitochondrial damage, synaptic impairments, gliosis, and neuroinflammation, eventually leading to neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits. This review summarizes the recent findings on the underlying mechanisms of tau protein in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease and discusses tau-targeted treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwang Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huali Wan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sihua Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gong-Ping Liu
- Co-innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China and Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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2
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Song M, Qiang Y, Zhao X, Song F. Cyclin-dependent Kinase 5 and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04047-1. [PMID: 38378992 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of diseases characterized by the progressive loss of neurons, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These diseases have a high incidence and mortality rate globally, placing a heavy burden on patients and their families. The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is complex, and there are no effective treatments at present. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is a proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinase that is closely related to the development and function of the nervous system. Under physiological conditions, it is involved in regulating the process of neuronal proliferation, differentiation, migration, and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we address the biological characteristics of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and its role in neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, this review highlights the underlying mechanistic linkages between cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the context of neurodegeneration. Finally, we also summarize the currently available cyclin-dependent kinase 5 inhibitors and their prospects for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Taken together, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 involved in neurodegenerative diseases can lead to the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Song
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalong Qiang
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuyong Song
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Eguchi T, Tezuka T, Watanabe Y, Inoue-Yamauchi A, Sagara H, Ozawa M, Yamanashi Y. Calcium-binding protein 7 expressed in muscle negatively regulates age-related degeneration of neuromuscular junctions in mice. iScience 2024; 27:108997. [PMID: 38327785 PMCID: PMC10847746 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) forms centrally in myotubes and, as the only synapse between motor neuron and myotube, are indispensable for motor activity. The midmuscle formation of NMJs, including midmuscle-restricted expression of NMJ-related genes, is governed by the muscle-specific kinase (MuSK). However, mechanisms underlying MuSK-mediated signaling are unclear. Here, we find that the Calcium-binding protein 7 (Cabp7) gene shows midmuscle-restricted expression, and muscle-specific depletion of Cabp7 in mice accelerated age-related NMJ degeneration, muscle weakness/atrophy, and motor dysfunction. Surprisingly, forced expression in muscle of CIP, an inhibitory peptide of the negative regulator of NMJ formation cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), restored NMJ integrity and muscle strength, and healed muscle atrophy in muscle-specific Cabp7-deficient mice, which showed increased muscle expression of the Cdk5 activator p25. These findings together demonstrate that MuSK-mediated signaling induces muscle expression of Cabp7, which suppresses age-related NMJ degeneration likely by attenuating p25 expression, providing insights into prophylactic/therapeutic intervention against age-related motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Eguchi
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tohru Tezuka
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuji Watanabe
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akane Inoue-Yamauchi
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sagara
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Manabu Ozawa
- Laboratory of Reproductive Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Core Laboratory for Developing Advanced Animal Models, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamanashi
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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Miller N, Xu Z, Quinlan KA, Ji A, McGivern JV, Feng Z, Shi H, Ko CP, Tsai LH, Heckman CJ, Ebert AD, Ma YC. Mitigating aberrant Cdk5 activation alleviates mitochondrial defects and motor neuron disease symptoms in spinal muscular atrophy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300308120. [PMID: 37976261 PMCID: PMC10666147 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300308120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the top genetic cause of infant mortality, is characterized by motor neuron degeneration. Mechanisms underlying SMA pathogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we report that the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and the conversion of its activating subunit p35 to the more potent activator p25 are significantly up-regulated in mouse models and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models of SMA. The increase of Cdk5 activity occurs before the onset of SMA phenotypes, suggesting that it may be an initiator of the disease. Importantly, aberrant Cdk5 activation causes mitochondrial defects and motor neuron degeneration, as the genetic knockout of p35 in an SMA mouse model rescues mitochondrial transport and fragmentation defects, and alleviates SMA phenotypes including motor neuron hyperexcitability, loss of excitatory synapses, neuromuscular junction denervation, and motor neuron degeneration. Inhibition of the Cdk5 signaling pathway reduces the degeneration of motor neurons derived from SMA mice and human SMA iPSCs. Altogether, our studies reveal a critical role for the aberrant activation of Cdk5 in SMA pathogenesis and suggest a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimrod Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Zhaofa Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Katharina A. Quinlan
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI02881
| | - Amy Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Jered V. McGivern
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI53226
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90089
| | - Han Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Chien-Ping Ko
- Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90089
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Charles J. Heckman
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
| | - Allison D. Ebert
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI53226
| | - Yongchao C. Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL60611
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL60611
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5
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Liu SY, Cao SL, Luo HY, Bao L, E J, Li B, Lan XM, Zhang GQ, Bao X, Zheng YL. TFP5, a Peptide Derived from Cdk5 Activator p35, Protects Pancreatic β Cells from Glucose Toxicity. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 176:19-25. [PMID: 38087140 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of TFP5 on MIN6 cells (cultured mouse islet β cells) treated with different concentrations of glucose (5 or 25 mM). The results were verified in C57BL/6J mice (control; n=12) and db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=12). To synthesize TFP5, peptide p5 (a derivative of p35 protein, activator of cyclin-dependent kinase 5, Cdk5) was conjugated with a FITC tag at the N-terminus and an 11-amino acid TAT protein transduction domain at the C-terminus. TFP5 was employed to inhibit Cdk5 activity and then to evaluate its efficiency in treating experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus. TFP5 effectively inhibited the pathological hyperactivity of Cdk5, enhanced insulin secretion, and protected pancreatic β cells from apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, TFP5 inhibited inflammation in pancreatic islets by reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines TGF-β1, TNFα, and IL-1β. These novel data indicates that TFP5 is a promising candidate for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Liu
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - S-L Cao
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - H-Y Luo
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - L Bao
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - J E
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - B Li
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - X-M Lan
- Department of Geriatrics, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - G-Q Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - X Bao
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Y-L Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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6
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Susmitha G, Kumar R. Role of microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2023; 229:109478. [PMID: 36871788 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly and detected during the advanced stages where the chances of reversal are minimum. The gut-brain axis mediates a bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, which is dependent on bacterial products such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and neurotransmitters. Accumulating lines of evidence suggests that AD is associated with significant alteration in the composition of gut microbiota. Furthermore, transfer of gut microbiota from healthy individuals to patients can reshape the gut microbiota structure and thus holds the potential to be exploited for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disease. Moreover, AD-associated gut dysbiosis can be partially reversed by using probiotics, prebiotics, natural compounds and dietary modifications, but need further validations. Reversal of AD associated gut dysbiosis alleviate AD-associated pathological feature and therefore can be explored as a therapeutic approach in the future. The current review article will describe various studies suggesting that AD dysbiosis occurs with AD and highlights the causal role by focussing on the interventions that hold the potential to reverse the gut dysbiosis partially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudimetla Susmitha
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India.
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7
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Baltissen D, Bold CS, Rehra L, Banićević M, Fricke J, Just J, Ludewig S, Buchholz CJ, Korte M, Müller UC. APPsα rescues CDK5 and GSK3β dysregulation and restores normal spine density in Tau transgenic mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1106176. [PMID: 36779015 PMCID: PMC9909437 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1106176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Tau protein can be phosphorylated by numerous kinases. In Alzheimer's disease (AD) hyperphosphorylated Tau species accumulate as neurofibrillary tangles that constitute a major hallmark of AD. AD is further characterized by extracellular Aβ plaques, derived from the β-amyloid precursor protein APP. Whereas Aβ is produced by amyloidogenic APP processing, APP processing along the competing non-amyloidogenic pathway results in the secretion of neurotrophic and synaptotrophic APPsα. Recently, we demonstrated that APPsα has therapeutic effects in transgenic AD model mice and rescues Aβ-dependent impairments. Here, we examined the potential of APPsα to regulate two major Tau kinases, GSK3β and CDK5 in THY-Tau22 mice, a widely used mouse model of tauopathy. Immunohistochemistry revealed a dramatic increase in pathologically phosphorylated (AT8 and AT180) or misfolded Tau species (MC1) in the hippocampus of THY-Tau22 mice between 3 and 12 months of age. Using a highly sensitive radioactive kinase assay with recombinant human Tau as a substrate and immunoblotting, we demonstrate an increase in GSK3β and CDK5 activity in the hippocampus of THY-Tau22 mice. Interestingly, AAV-mediated intracranial expression of APPsα in THY-Tau22 mice efficiently restored normal GSK3β and CDK5 activity. Western blot analysis revealed upregulation of the CDK5 regulatory proteins p35 and p25, indicating CDK5 hyperactivation in THY-Tau22 mice. Strikingly, AAV-APPsα rescued p25 upregulation to wild-type levels even at stages of advanced Tau pathology. Sarkosyl fractionation used to study the abundance of soluble and insoluble phospho-Tau species revealed increased soluble AT8-Tau and decreased insoluble AT100-Tau species upon AAV-APPsα injection. Moreover, AAV-APPsα reduced misfolded (MC1) Tau species, particularly in somatodendritic compartments of CA1 pyramidal neurons. Finally, we show that AAV-APPsα upregulated PSD95 expression and rescued deficits in spine density of THY-Tau22 mice. Together our findings suggest that APPsα holds therapeutic potential to mitigate Tau-induced pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Baltissen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte S. Bold
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Rehra
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marija Banićević
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Justus Fricke
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Just
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susann Ludewig
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian J. Buchholz
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Gene Therapy, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Group, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ulrike C. Müller
- Department of Functional Genomics, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany,*Correspondence: Ulrike C. Müller,
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8
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Surface-fill H 2S-releasing silk fibroin hydrogel for brain repair through the repression of neuronal pyroptosis. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:259-274. [PMID: 36402296 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains the major cause of disability and mortality worldwide due to the persistent neuroinflammation and neuronal death induced by TBI. Among them, pyroptosis, a specific type of programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by inflammatory signals, plays a significant part in the pathological process after TBI. Inhibition of neuroinflammation and pyroptosis is considered a possible strategy for the treatment of TBI. In our previous study, exogenous hydrogen sulfide(H2S) exerted a neuroprotective effect after TBI. Here, we developed a surface-fill H2S-releasing silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel (H2S@SF hydrogel) to achieve small-dose local administration and avoid volatile and toxic side effects. We used a controlled cortical impact (CCI) to establish a mild TBI model in mice to examine the effect of H2S@SF hydrogel on TBI-induced pyroptosis. We found that H2S@SF hydrogel inhibited the expression of H2S synthase in neurons after TBI and significantly inhibited TBI-induced neuronal pyroptosis. In addition, immunofluorescence staining results showed that the necroptosis protein receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) partially colocalized with the pyroptosis protein Gasdermin D (GSDMD) in the same cells. H2S@SF hydrogel can also inhibit the expression of the necroptosis protein. Moreover, H2S@SF hydrogel also alleviates brain edema and the degree of neurodegeneration in the acute phase of TBI. The neuroprotective effect of H2S@SF hydrogel was further confirmed by wire-grip test, open field test, Morris water maze, beam balance test, radial arm maze, tail suspension, and forced swimming test. Lastly, we also measured spared tissue volume, reactive astrocytes and activated microglia to demonstrate H2S@SF hydrogel impacts on long-term prognosis in TBI. Our study provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of H2S after TBI and the clinical application of H2S@SF hydrogel. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel controls the release of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to inhibit neuronal pyroptosis and neuroinflammation in injured brain tissue. In this study, we synthesized a surface-fill H2S-releasing silk fibroin hydrogel, which could slowly release H2S to reshape the homeostasis of endogenous H2S in injured neurons and inhibit neuronal pyroptosis in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Meanwhile, H2S@SF hydrogel could alleviate brain edema and the degree of neurodegeneration, improve motor dysfunction, anxious behavior and memory impairment caused by TBI, reduce tissue loss and ameliorate neuroinflammation. Our study provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of H2S after TBI and the clinical application of H2S@SF hydrogel.
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9
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Ganguly D, Thomas JA, Ali A, Kumar R. Mechanistic and therapeutic implications of EphA-4 receptor tyrosine kinase in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5532-5546. [PMID: 34989046 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin-producing hepatoma (Eph) receptors belong to a family of tyrosine kinase receptors that plays a pivotal role in the development of the brain. Eph can be divided broadly into two groups, namely, EphA and EphB, comprising nine and five members, respectively. In recent years, the role of EphA-4 has become increasingly apparent in the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Emerging evidence suggests that EphA-4 results in synaptic dysfunction, which in turn promotes the progression of AD. Moreover, pharmacological or genetic ablation of EphA-4 in the murine model of AD can alleviate the symptoms. The current review summarizes different pathways by which EphA-4 can influence pathogenesis. Since, majority of the studies had reported the protective effect of EphA-4 inhibition during AD, designing therapeutics based on decreasing its enzymatic activity might be necessary for introducing the novel interventions. Therefore, the review described peptide and nanobodies inhibitors of EphA-4 that exhibit the potential to modulate EphA-4 and could be used as lead molecules for the targeted therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devargya Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India
| | - Joshua Abby Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India
| | - Abid Ali
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India
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10
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Chen C, Liu JW, Guo LL, Xiong F, Ran XQ, Guo YR, Yao YG, Hao XJ, Luo RC, Zhang Y. Monoterpenoid indole alkaloid dimers from Kopsia arborea inhibit cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and tau phosphorylation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113392. [PMID: 36030903 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Three undescribed monoterpenoid indole alkaloid dimers (kopoffines A-C, which are connected via a methylene unit) and with nine known alkaloids were isolated and identified from the fruits of Kopsia arborea Blume. Their structures, including their absolute configurations, were established by HRESIMS, NMR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and ECD analyses. Kopoffines A-C showed significant inhibition against cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (IC50: 0.34-2.18 μM). Western blotting analyses showed that kopoffines A-C significantly decreased the protein levels of CDK5 and phospho-CDK5 (Tyr15) (pCDK5) at concentrations of 2.5 and 10 μM. The levels of phospho-Tau (Thr217) (pTau217, a new biomarker of AD), and phospho-Tau (Ser396) (pTau396), which play major roles in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles , were decreased by the kopoffines A-C treatment. Molecular docking studies indicated that kopoffines A-C could form stable interactions with CDK5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian-Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling-Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Ran
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ya-Rong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Rong-Can Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, And KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
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11
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Bera A, Lavanya G, Reshmi R, Dev K, Kumar R. Mechanistic and therapeutic role of Drp1 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5516-5531. [PMID: 35078269 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, has emerged as the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Two major pathological hallmarks have been identified for AD: extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Recently, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) was recognized to contribute significantly towards the pathogenesis of AD. Drp1 is primarily located in the cytosol, from where it translocates to the mitochondrial outer membrane and drives the mitochondrial fission via GTP hydrolysis. Drp1 interacts with Aβ and phosphorylated tau, leading to excessive mitochondrial fragmentation, which in turn results in synaptic dysfunction, neuronal damage and cognitive decline. Several studies suggest an increase in the level of Drp1 in the post-mortem brain specimen collected from the AD patients and murine models of AD. Interestingly, heterozygous deletion of Drp1 in the transgenic murine model of AD ameliorates the mitochondrial dysfunction, improving learning and memory. The current review article discusses the possible mechanistic pathways by which Drp1 can influence the pathogenesis of AD. Besides, it will describe various inhibitors for Drp1 and their potential role as therapeutics for AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Bera
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Gantyada Lavanya
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Ravada Reshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, India
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12
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Kumar R, Tiwari V, Dey S. Role of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5442-5452. [PMID: 34905657 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Two major pathological hallmarks have been identified for AD: extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Recently, proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), which belongs to the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) non-receptor tyrosine kinase family, was recognized to contribute significantly towards the pathogenesis of AD. Pyk2 can influence the formation of amyloid plaques as well as NFTs. The kinase can directly phosphorylate tau, which is a significant component of NFTs and enhances tau pathology. Several competitive inhibitors have been developed for Pyk2, tested in several cancer models, as Pyk2 is known to be overexpressed under those conditions. The current review article discusses the possible mechanistic pathways by which Pyk2 can influence the pathogenesis of AD. Besides, it describes various inhibitors for Pyk2 and their potential role as therapeutics for AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Vishvanath Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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13
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Cdk5-p25 as a key element linking amyloid and tau pathologies in Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms and possible therapeutic interventions. Life Sci 2022; 308:120986. [PMID: 36152679 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that the small atypical serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is expressed in a number of tissues, its activity is restricted to the central nervous system due to the neuron-only localization of its activators p35 and p39. Although its importance for the proper development and function of the brain and its role as a switch between neuronal survival and death are unmistakable and unquestionable, Cdk5 is nevertheless increasingly emerging, as supported by a large number of publications on the subject, as a therapeutic target of choice in the fight against Alzheimer's disease. Thus, its aberrant over activation via the calpain-dependent conversion of p35 into p25 is observed during the pathogenesis of the disease where it leads to the hyperphosphorylation of the β-amyloid precursor protein and tau. The present review highlights the pivotal roles of the hyperactive Cdk5-p25 complex activity in contributing to the development of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on the linking function between Aβ and tau that this kinase fulfils and on the fact that Cdk5-p25 is part of a deleterious feed forward loop giving rise to a molecular machinery runaway leading to AD pathogenesis. Additionally, we discuss the advances and challenges related to the possible strategies aimed at specifically inhibiting Cdk5-p25 activity and which could lead to promising anti-AD therapeutics.
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14
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Shen Z, Xiang M, Chen C, Ding F, Wang Y, Shang C, Xin L, Zhang Y, Cui X. Glutamate excitotoxicity: Potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113125. [PMID: 35609367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is an important mechanism leading to post ischemic stroke damage. After acute stroke, the sudden reduction in cerebral blood flow is most initially followed by ion transport protein dysfunction and disruption of ion homeostasis, which in turn leads to impaired glutamate release, reuptake, and excessive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation, promoting neuronal death. Despite extensive evidence from preclinical studies suggesting that excessive NMDAR stimulation during ischemic stroke is a central step in post-stroke damage, NMDAR blockers have failed to translate into clinical stroke treatment. Current treatment options for stroke are very limited, and there is therefore a great need to develop new targets for neuroprotective therapeutic agents in ischemic stroke to extend the therapeutic time window. In this review, we highlight recent findings on glutamate release, reuptake mechanisms, NMDAR and its downstream cellular signaling pathways in post-ischemic stroke damage, and review the pathological changes in each link to help develop viable new therapeutic targets. We then also summarize potential neuroprotective drugs and therapeutic approaches for these new targets in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihuan Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mi Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Fan Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chang Shang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Clinical Medical School, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Laiyun Xin
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xiangning Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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15
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Umfress A, Singh S, Ryan KJ, Chakraborti A, Plattner F, Sonawane Y, Mallareddy JR, Acosta EP, Natarajan A, Bibb JA. Systemic Administration of a Brain Permeable Cdk5 Inhibitor Alters Neurobehavior. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863762. [PMID: 35645825 PMCID: PMC9134315 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a crucial regulator of neuronal signal transduction. Cdk5 activity is implicated in various neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions such as stress, anxiety, depression, addiction, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. While constitutive Cdk5 knockout is perinatally lethal, conditional knockout mice display resilience to stress-induction, enhanced cognition, neuroprotection from stroke and head trauma, and ameliorated neurodegeneration. Thus, Cdk5 represents a prime target for treatment in a spectrum of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. While intracranial infusions or treatment of acutely dissected brain tissue with compounds that inhibit Cdk5 have allowed the study of kinase function and corroborated conditional knockout findings, potent brain-penetrant systemically deliverable Cdk5 inhibitors are extremely limited, and no Cdk5 inhibitor has been approved to treat any neuropsychiatric or degenerative diseases to date. Here, we screened aminopyrazole-based analogs as potential Cdk5 inhibitors and identified a novel analog, 25-106, as a uniquely brain-penetrant anti-Cdk5 drug. We characterize the pharmacokinetic and dynamic responses of 25-106 in mice and functionally validate the effects of Cdk5 inhibition on open field and tail-suspension behaviors. Altogether, 25-106 represents a promising preclinical Cdk5 inhibitor that can be systemically administered with significant potential as a neurological/neuropsychiatric therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Umfress
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sarbjit Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kevin J. Ryan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ayanabha Chakraborti
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | | | - Yogesh Sonawane
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Jayapal Reddy Mallareddy
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Edward P. Acosta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - James A. Bibb
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States,Departments of Neurobiology and Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States,O’Neil Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States,*Correspondence: James A. Bibb,
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16
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Abstract
Cdk5 is a proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinase that governs a variety of cellular processes in neurons, the dysregulation of which compromises normal brain function. The mechanisms underlying the modulation of Cdk5, its modes of action, and its effects on the nervous system have been a great focus in the field for nearly three decades. In this review, we provide an overview of the discovery and regulation of Cdk5, highlighting recent findings revealing its role in neuronal/synaptic functions, circadian clocks, DNA damage, cell cycle reentry, mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as its non-neuronal functions under physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, we discuss evidence underscoring aberrant Cdk5 activity as a common theme observed in many neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chieh Pao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Etman AM, Abdel Mageed SS, Ali MA, El Hassab MAEM. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase as a Novel Therapeutic Target: An Endless Story. CURRENT CHEMICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 15:139-162. [DOI: 10.2174/2212796814999201123194016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) are a family of enzymes that, along with their Cyclin
partners, play a crucial role in cell cycle regulation at many biological functions such as proliferation,
differentiation, DNA repair, and apoptosis. Thus, they are tightly regulated by a number of inhibitory
and activating enzymes. Deregulation of these kinases’ activity either by amplification,
overexpression or mutation of CDKs or Cyclins leads to uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells.
Hyperactivity of these kinases has been reported in a wide variety of human cancers. Hence, CDKs
have been established as one of the most attractive pharmacological targets in the development of
promising anticancer drugs. The elucidated structural features and the well-characterized molecular
mechanisms of CDKs have been the guide in designing inhibitors to these kinases. Yet, they remain
a challenging therapeutic class as they share conserved structure similarity in their active site.
Several inhibitors have been discovered from natural sources or identified through high throughput
screening and rational drug design approaches. Most of these inhibitors target the ATP binding
pocket, therefore, they suffer from a number of limitations. Here, a growing number of ATP noncompetitive
peptides and small molecules has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Etman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111,Egypt
| | - Sherif Sabry Abdel Mageed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr city, Cairo, 11829,Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr city, Cairo, 11829,Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd El Monem El Hassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr city, Cairo, 11829,Egypt
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18
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When Good Kinases Go Rogue: GSK3, p38 MAPK and CDKs as Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer's and Huntington's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115911. [PMID: 34072862 PMCID: PMC8199025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a mostly sporadic brain disorder characterized by cognitive decline resulting from selective neurodegeneration in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex whereas Huntington's disease (HD) is a monogenic inherited disorder characterized by motor abnormalities and psychiatric disturbances resulting from selective neurodegeneration in the striatum. Although there have been numerous clinical trials for these diseases, they have been unsuccessful. Research conducted over the past three decades by a large number of laboratories has demonstrated that abnormal actions of common kinases play a key role in the pathogenesis of both AD and HD as well as several other neurodegenerative diseases. Prominent among these kinases are glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and some of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). After a brief summary of the molecular and cell biology of AD and HD this review covers what is known about the role of these three groups of kinases in the brain and in the pathogenesis of the two neurodegenerative disorders. The potential of targeting GSK3, p38 MAPK and CDKS as effective therapeutics is also discussed as is a brief discussion on the utilization of recently developed drugs that simultaneously target two or all three of these groups of kinases. Multi-kinase inhibitors either by themselves or in combination with strategies currently being used such as immunotherapy or secretase inhibitors for AD and knockdown for HD could represent a more effective therapeutic approach for these fatal neurodegenerative diseases.
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19
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Huang Y, Huang W, Huang Y, Song P, Zhang M, Zhang HT, Pan S, Hu Y. Cdk5 Inhibitory Peptide Prevents Loss of Neurons and Alleviates Behavioral Changes in p25 Transgenic Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:1231-1242. [PMID: 32144987 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of p25 is thought to be a causative risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). As a cleaved product of p35, p25 binds to cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and leads to the hyperactivity of Cdk5. Then, Cdk5/p25 phosphorylates many pathological substrates related to neurodegenerative diseases. p25 transgenic (Tg) mouse model recaptures some pathological changes of AD, including tau hyperphosphorylation, neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, and neuronal death, which can be prevented by transgenic expression of Cdk5 inhibitory peptide (CIP) before the insult of p25. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we would like to know whether adeno-associated virus serotype-9 (AAV9)-mediated CIP can protect neurons after insult of p25 in p25Tg mice. METHODS Administration of AAV9-CIP or control virus were delivered in the brain of p25Tg mice via intracerebroventricular infusions following the induction of p25. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assessment, and animal behavioral evaluation were performed. RESULTS Brain atrophy, neuronal death, tau phosphorylation and inflammation in the hippocampus, and cognitive decline were observed in p25Tg mice. Administration of CIP but not the control virus in p25Tg mice reduced levels of tau phosphorylation and inflammation in the hippocampus, which is correlated with inhibition of brain atrophy and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, and improvement of cognitive decline. CONCLUSION Our results provide further evidence that the neurotoxicity of p25 can be alleviated by CIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Neurology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yingwei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Pingping Song
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Melanie Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Department of Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry, Physiology & Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, The Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Suyue Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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20
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Łukasik P, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Kulczycka K, Gutowska I. Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases: Types and Their Mechanism of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062806. [PMID: 33802080 PMCID: PMC8001317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies on cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors have revealed that small molecule drugs have become very attractive for the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Most CDK inhibitors have been developed to target the ATP binding pocket. However, CDK kinases possess a very similar catalytic domain and three-dimensional structure. These features make it difficult to achieve required selectivity. Therefore, inhibitors which bind outside the ATP binding site present a great interest in the biomedical field, both from the fundamental point of view and for the wide range of their potential applications. This review tries to explain whether the ATP competitive inhibitors are still an option for future research, and highlights alternative approaches to discover more selective and potent small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Łukasik
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kulczycka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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21
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Marlier Q, D'aes T, Verteneuil S, Vandenbosch R, Malgrange B. Core cell cycle machinery is crucially involved in both life and death of post-mitotic neurons. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4553-4571. [PMID: 32476056 PMCID: PMC11105064 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A persistent dogma in neuroscience supported the idea that terminally differentiated neurons permanently withdraw from the cell cycle. However, since the late 1990s, several studies have shown that cell cycle proteins are expressed in post-mitotic neurons under physiological conditions, indicating that the cell cycle machinery is not restricted to proliferating cells. Moreover, many studies have highlighted a clear link between cell cycle-related proteins and neurological disorders, particularly relating to apoptosis-induced neuronal death. Indeed, cell cycle-related proteins can be upregulated or overactivated in post-mitotic neurons in case of acute or degenerative central nervous system disease. Given the considerable lack of effective treatments for age-related neurological disorders, new therapeutic approaches targeting the cell cycle machinery might thus be considered. This review aims at summarizing current knowledge about the role of the cell cycle machinery in post-mitotic neurons in healthy and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Marlier
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA Stem Cells/Neurosciences, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital (CHU), Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Tine D'aes
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA Stem Cells/Neurosciences, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital (CHU), Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Verteneuil
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA Stem Cells/Neurosciences, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital (CHU), Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Renaud Vandenbosch
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA Stem Cells/Neurosciences, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital (CHU), Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Malgrange
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, GIGA Stem Cells/Neurosciences, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital (CHU), Avenue Hippocrate, 15, 4000, Liege, Belgium.
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22
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Peyressatre M, Arama DP, Laure A, González-Vera JA, Pellerano M, Masurier N, Lisowski V, Morris MC. Identification of Quinazolinone Analogs Targeting CDK5 Kinase Activity and Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation. Front Chem 2020; 8:691. [PMID: 32974274 PMCID: PMC7466635 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CDK5/p25 kinase plays a major role in neuronal functions, and is hyperactivated in several human cancers including glioblastoma and neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. CDK5 therefore constitutes an attractive pharmacological target. Since the successful discovery and development of Roscovitine, several ATP-competitive inhibitors of CDK5 and peptide inhibitors of CDK5/p25 interface have been developed. However, these compounds suffer limitations associated with their mechanism of action and nature, thereby calling for alternative targeting strategies. To date, few allosteric inhibitors have been developed for successful targeting of protein kinases. Indeed, although this latter class of inhibitors are believed to be more selective than compounds targeting the active site, they have proven extremely difficult to identify in high throughput screens. By implementing a fluorescent biosensor that discriminates against ATP-pocket binding compounds to screen for allosteric inhibitors that target conformational activation of CDK5, we have identified a novel family of quinazolinones. Characterization of these hits and several of their derivatives revealed their inhibitory potential toward CDK5 kinase activity in vitro and to inhibit glioblastoma cell proliferation. The quinazolinone derivatives described in this study are the first small molecules reported to target CDK5 at a site other than the ATP pocket, thereby constituting attractive leads for glioblastoma therapeutics and providing therapeutic perspectives for neurodegenerative diseases. These compounds offer alternatives to conventional ATP-competitive inhibitors or peptides targeting CDK5/p25 interface with the potential of bypassing their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Peyressatre
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
| | - Dominique Patomo Arama
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
| | - Arthur Laure
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
| | - Juan A González-Vera
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgan Pellerano
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Masurier
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Lisowski
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
| | - May C Morris
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Montpellier, France
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23
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Wang Y, Zhao J, Guo FL, Gao X, Xie X, Liu S, Yang X, Yang X, Zhang L, Ye Y, Fan L, Wang J. Metformin Ameliorates Synaptic Defects in a Mouse Model of AD by Inhibiting Cdk5 Activity. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:170. [PMID: 32670025 PMCID: PMC7327108 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated by the neuron-specific activators p35/p39 and plays important roles in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive behavior. However, the proteolytic cleavage of p35 to p25 leads to prolonged and aberrant Cdk5 activation and results in synaptic depression, highly mimicking the early pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, Cdk5 inhibition is a potential promising strategy for AD drug development. Here in the present study, we showed that metformin, the most widely used drug for type 2 diabetes, suppressed Cdk5 hyper-activation and Cdk5-dependent tau hyper-phosphorylation in the APP/PS1 mouse hippocampus. We also identified the underlying molecular and cellular mechanism that metformin prevented Cdk5 hyper-activation by inhibiting the calpain-dependent cleavage of p35 into p25. Moreover, chronic metformin treatment rescued the core phenotypes in APP/PS1 mice as evidenced by restored spine density, surface GluA1 trafficking, Long-term potentiation (LTP) expression, and spatial memory. Altogether our study discovered an unidentified role of metformin in suppressing Cdk5 hyper-activation and thus preventing AD pathogenesis and suggested that metformin is a potential promising AD therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaLi Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - JianHua Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fang-Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, Anyang District Hospital of Puyang City, Anyang, China
| | - XiaHuan Gao
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Tongchuan, Tongchuan, China
| | - Xine Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jinhua, Jinhua, China
| | - ShouQing Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jinhua, Jinhua, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - XinFeng Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - LuYi Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - YuXiao Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - LiBing Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - JianGang Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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24
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Bk B, Skuntz S, Prochazkova M, Kesavapany S, Amin ND, Shukla V, Grant P, Kulkarni AB, Pant HC. Overexpression of the Cdk5 inhibitory peptide in motor neurons rescue of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype in a mouse model. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:3175-3187. [PMID: 31189016 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. Etiological mechanisms underlying the disease remain poorly understood; recent studies suggest that deregulation of p25/Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity leads to the hyperphosphorylation of Tau and neurofilament (NF) proteins in ALS transgenic mouse model (SOD1G37R). A Cdk5 involvement in motor neuron degeneration is supported by analysis of three SOD1G37R mouse lines exhibiting perikaryal inclusions of NF proteins and hyperphosphorylation of Tau. Here, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of Cdk5/p25 hyperactivation in vivo is a neuroprotective factor during ALS pathogenesis by crossing the new transgenic mouse line that overexpresses Cdk5 inhibitory peptide (CIP) in motor neurons with the SOD1G37R, ALS mouse model (TriTg mouse line). The overexpression of CIP in the motor neurons significantly improves motor deficits, extends survival and delays pathology in brain and spinal cord of TriTg mice. In addition, overexpression of CIP in motor neurons significantly delays neuroinflammatory responses in TriTg mouse. Taken together, these data suggest that CIP may serve as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binukumar Bk
- Neuronal Cytoskeletal Protein Regulation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Susan Skuntz
- Neuronal Cytoskeletal Protein Regulation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michaela Prochazkova
- Functional Genomics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sashi Kesavapany
- National Institute of Health Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Niranjana D Amin
- Neuronal Cytoskeletal Protein Regulation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Varsha Shukla
- Neuronal Cytoskeletal Protein Regulation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip Grant
- Neuronal Cytoskeletal Protein Regulation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ashok B Kulkarni
- Functional Genomics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harish C Pant
- Neuronal Cytoskeletal Protein Regulation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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25
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Le ST, Morris MA, Cardone A, Guros NB, Klauda JB, Sperling BA, Richter CA, Pant HC, Balijepalli A. Rapid, quantitative therapeutic screening for Alzheimer's enzymes enabled by optimal signal transduction with transistors. Analyst 2020; 145:2925-2936. [PMID: 32159165 PMCID: PMC7443690 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01804b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We show that commercially sourced n-channel silicon field-effect transistors (nFETs) operating above their threshold voltage with closed loop feedback to maintain a constant channel current allow a pH readout resolution of (7.2 ± 0.3) × 10-3 at a bandwidth of 10 Hz, or ≈3-fold better than the open loop operation commonly employed by integrated ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs). We leveraged the improved nFET performance to measure the change in solution pH arising from the activity of a pathological form of the kinase Cdk5, an enzyme implicated in Alzheimer's disease, and showed quantitative agreement with previous measurements. The improved pH resolution was realized while the devices were operated in a remote sensing configuration with the pH sensing element off-chip and connected electrically to the FET gate terminal. We compared these results with those measured by using a custom-built dual-gate 2D field-effect transistor (dg2DFET) fabricated with 2D semi-conducting MoS2 channels and a signal amplification of 8. Under identical solution conditions the nFET performance approached the dg2DFETs pH resolution of (3.9 ± 0.7) × 10-3. Finally, using the nFETs, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a custom polypeptide, p5, as a therapeutic agent in restoring the function of Cdk5. We expect that the straight-forward modifications to commercially sourced nFETs demonstrated here will lower the barrier to widespread adoption of these remote-gate devices and enable sensitive bioanalytical measurements for high throughput screening in drug discovery and precision medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son T. Le
- Alternative Computing Group, Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- Theiss Research, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Michelle A. Morris
- Biophysics Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Antonio Cardone
- Information Systems Group, Software and Systems Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicholas B. Guros
- Biophysics Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jeffery B. Klauda
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Brent A. Sperling
- Chemical Process and Nuclear Measurements Group, Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Curt A. Richter
- Alternative Computing Group, Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Harish C. Pant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Arvind Balijepalli
- Biophysics Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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26
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Sharma S, Sicinski P. A kinase of many talents: non-neuronal functions of CDK5 in development and disease. Open Biol 2020; 10:190287. [PMID: 31910742 PMCID: PMC7014686 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) represents an unusual member of the family of cyclin-dependent kinases, which is activated upon binding to non-cyclin p35 and p39 proteins. The role of CDK5 in the nervous system has been very well established. In addition, there is growing evidence that CDK5 is also active in non-neuronal tissues, where it has been postulated to affect a variety of functions such as the immune response, angiogenesis, myogenesis, melanogenesis and regulation of insulin levels. Moreover, high levels of CDK5 have been observed in different tumour types, and CDK5 was proposed to play various roles in the tumorigenic process. In this review, we discuss these various CDK5 functions in normal physiology and disease, and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting CDK5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Piotr Sicinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kant Gupta
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, India
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28
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Xu M, Huang Y, Song P, Huang Y, Huang W, Zhang HT, Hu Y. AAV9-Mediated Cdk5 Inhibitory Peptide Reduces Hyperphosphorylated Tau and Inflammation and Ameliorates Behavioral Changes Caused by Overexpression of p25 in the Brain. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 70:573-585. [PMID: 31256130 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miaojing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yingwei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Pingping Song
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yaowei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, the First People’s Hospital of Shunde, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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29
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Zeb A, Son M, Yoon S, Kim JH, Park SJ, Lee KW. Computational Simulations Identified Two Candidate Inhibitors of Cdk5/p25 to Abrogate Tau-associated Neurological Disorders. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:579-590. [PMID: 31073393 PMCID: PMC6495220 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of Cdk5 is a hallmark in neurodegenerative diseases and its complex with p25 forms Cdk5/p25, thereby causes severe neuropathological insults. Cdk5/p25 abnormally phosphorylates tau protein, and induces tau-associated neurofibrillary tangles in neurological disorders. Therefore, the pharmacological inhibition of Cdk5/p25 alleviates tau-associated neurological disorders. Herein, computational simulations probed two candidate inhibitors of Cdk5/p25. Structure-based pharmacophore investigated the essential complementary chemical features of ATP-binding site of Cdk5 in complex with roscovitine. Resultant pharmacophore harbored polar interactions with Cys83 and Asp86 residues and non-polar interactions with Ile10, Phe80, and Lys133 residues of Cdk5. The chemical space of selected pharmacophore was comprised of two hydrogen bond donors, one hydrogen bond acceptor, and three hydrophobic features. Decoy test validation of pharmacophore obtained highest Guner-Henry score (0.88) and enrichment factor score (7.23). The screening of natural product drug-like databases by validated pharmacophore retrieved 1126 compounds as candidate inhibitors of Cdk5/p25. The docking of candidate inhibitors filtered 10 molecules with docking score >80.00 and established polar and non-polar interactions with the ATP-binding site residues of Cdk5/p25. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy analyses identified two candidate inhibitors of Cdk5/p25. During 30 ns simulation, the candidate inhibitors established <3.0 Å root mean square deviation and stable hydrogen bond interactions with the ATP-binding site residues of Cdk5/p25. The final candidate inhibitors obtained lowest binding free energies of -122.18 kJ/mol and - 117.26 kJ/mol with Cdk5/p25. Overall, we recommend two natural product candidate inhibitors to target the pharmacological inhibition of Cdk5/p25 in tau-associated neurological disorders.
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Key Words
- 2D, Two-dimentional
- 3D, Three-dimentional
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- ADMET, Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity
- ASP, Astex statistical potential
- Aβ, Amyloid beta
- BBB, Blood-brain barrier
- CGMC, Cyclin-dependent kinases, mitogen-activated protein kinases, glycogen synthase kinases, and Cdk-like kinases
- Cdk5, Cyclin-dependent kinase 5
- Cdk5/p25 inhibitors
- Cdks, Cyclin-dependent kinases
- DS, Discovery Studio
- EF, Enrichment factor
- GA, Genetic algorithm
- GFA, Genetic Function Approximation
- GH, Guner-Henry
- GOLD, Genetic optimization of ligand docking
- GROMACS, Groningen Machine for Chemical Simulation
- H-bond, Hydrogen bond
- HBA, Hydrogen bond acceptor
- HBD, Hydrogen bond donor
- HD, Hungtington's disease
- HYP, Hydrophobic
- IBS, InterBioScreen
- K, kelvin
- MD, Molecular dynamics
- MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- Molecular docking
- Molecular dynamics simulation
- NPT, Number particle, pressure, and temperature
- NVT, Number of particles, volume, and temperature
- P5, A 24-residues mimetic peptide of p35
- PD, Parkinson's disease
- PDB, Protein databank
- PLP, Piecewise linear potential
- PME, Particle mesh ewald
- RMSD, Root mean square deviation
- ROF, Rule of five
- Structure-based pharmacophore modeling
- TAT, Twin-arginine targeting
- TIP3P, Transferable intermolecular potential with 3 points
- Tau-pathogenesis
- ZNPD, Zinc Natural Product Database
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Zeb
- Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Sciences (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Minky Son
- Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Sciences (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Yoon
- Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Sciences (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Geyongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ju Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Life Science, Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus), Research Institute of Natural Sciences (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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30
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Man A, Slevin M, Petcu E, Fraefel C. The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Inhibitor Peptide Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Replication. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1260. [PMID: 30718749 PMCID: PMC6362106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the influence of CDK5 inhibitory peptide (CIP) on Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) replication, we constructed two recombinant adeno-associated-virus 2 (rAAV2) vectors encoding CIP fused with cyan-fluorescent-protein (CFP), with or without nuclear localization signal. A third vector encoding non-fused CIP and CFP was also constructed. HeLa and HEK 293T cells were infected with the rAAV-CIP vectors at multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5000, in the absence or presence of a recombinant HSV-1 that encodes a yellow-fluorescent-protein (rHSV48Y; MOI = 1). Cells co-infected with rHSV48Y and rAAV vectors that did not express the CIP gene (rAAV-CFP-Neo) served as controls. At 24 h after infection, the effect of CIP on rHSV48Y replication was assessed by PCR, qRT-PCR, Western-blot, flow-cytometry, epifluorescence and confocal microscopy. We show that in cultures co-infected with rAAV-CFP-Neo, 27% of the CFP-positive cells present rHSV48Y replication compartments. By contrast, in cultures co-infected with CIP-encoding rAAV2 vectors and rHSV48Y only 6-20% of the cells positive for CIP showed rHSV48Y replication compartments, depending on the CIP variant. Flow-cytometry showed that less than 40% of the rHSV48Y/rAAV-CIP, and more than 75% of rHSV48Y/rAAV-CFP-Neo co-infected cells were positive for both transgene products. The microscopy and flow-cytometry data support the hypothesis that CIP is inhibiting HSV-1 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Man
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Mark Slevin
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
| | - Eugen Petcu
- Griffith University, Gold Coast, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cornel Fraefel
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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31
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Joshi V, Subbanna S, Shivakumar M, Basavarajappa BS. CB1R regulates CDK5 signaling and epigenetically controls Rac1 expression contributing to neurobehavioral abnormalities in mice postnatally exposed to ethanol. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:514-525. [PMID: 30143782 PMCID: PMC6333777 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) represent a wide array of defects that arise from ethanol exposure during development. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are limited. In the current report, we aimed to further evaluate the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R)-mediated mechanisms in a postnatal ethanol-exposed animal model. We report that the exposure of postnatal day 7 (P7) mice to ethanol generates p25, a CDK5-activating peptide, in a time- and CB1R-dependent manner in the hippocampus and neocortex brain regions. Pharmacological inhibition of CDK5 activity before ethanol exposure prevented accumulation of cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) and hyperphosphorylated tau (PHF1) (a marker for neurodegeneration) in neonatal mice and reversed cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) expression. We also found that postnatal ethanol exposure caused a loss of RhoGTPase-related, Rac1, gene expression in a CB1R and CDK5 activity-dependent manner, which persisted to adulthood. Our epigenetic analysis of the Rac1 gene promoter suggested that persistent suppression of Rac1 expression is mediated by enhanced histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2), a repressive chromatin state, via G9a recruitment. The inhibition of CDK5/p25 activity before postnatal ethanol exposure rescued CREB activation, Arc, chromatin remodeling and Rac1 expression, spatial memory, and long-term potentiation (LTP) abnormalities in adult mice. Together, these findings propose that the postnatal ethanol-induced CB1R-mediated activation of CDK5 suppresses Arc and Rac1 expression in the mouse brain and is responsible for persistent synaptic plasticity and learning and memory defects in adult mice. This CB1R-mediated activation of CDK5 signaling during active synaptic development may slow down the maturation of synaptic circuits and may cause neurobehavioral defects, as found in this FASD animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Joshi
- 0000 0001 2189 4777grid.250263.0Division of Analytical Psychopharmacology, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962 USA
| | - Shivakumar Subbanna
- 0000 0001 2189 4777grid.250263.0Division of Analytical Psychopharmacology, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962 USA
| | - Madhu Shivakumar
- 0000 0001 2189 4777grid.250263.0Division of Analytical Psychopharmacology, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962 USA
| | - Balapal S. Basavarajappa
- 0000 0001 2189 4777grid.250263.0Division of Analytical Psychopharmacology, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962 USA ,0000 0000 8499 1112grid.413734.6New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032 USA ,0000000419368729grid.21729.3fDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA ,0000 0001 2109 4251grid.240324.3Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY USA
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32
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Xiao N, Zhang F, Zhu B, Liu C, Lin Z, Wang H, Xie WB. CDK5-mediated tau accumulation triggers methamphetamine-induced neuronal apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway. Toxicol Lett 2018; 292:97-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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33
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Sundaram JR, Poore CP, Sulaimee NHB, Pareek T, Cheong WF, Wenk MR, Pant HC, Frautschy SA, Low CM, Kesavapany S. Curcumin Ameliorates Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Memory Deficits in p25 Transgenic Mouse Model that Bears Hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:1429-1442. [PMID: 29036814 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that neuroinflammation is indeed associated with neurodegenerative disease pathology. However, failures of recent clinical trials of anti-inflammatory agents in neurodegenerative disorders have emphasized the need to better understand the complexity of the neuroinflammatory process in order to unravel its link with neurodegeneration. Deregulation of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity by production of its hyperactivator p25 is involved in the formation of tau and amyloid pathology reminiscent of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies show an association between p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation and robust neuroinflammation. In addition, we recently reported the novel link between the p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation-induced inflammatory responses and neurodegenerative changes using a transgenic mouse that overexpresses p25 (p25Tg). In this study, we aimed to understand the effects of early intervention with a potent natural anti-inflammatory agent, curcumin, on p25-mediated neuroinflammation and the progression of neurodegeneration in p25Tg mice. The results from this study showed that curcumin effectively counteracted the p25-mediated glial activation and pro-inflammatory chemokines/cytokines production in p25Tg mice. Moreover, this curcumin-mediated suppression of neuroinflammation reduced the progression of p25-induced tau/amyloid pathology and in turn ameliorated the p25-induced cognitive impairments. It is widely acknowledged that to treat AD, one must target the early-stage of pathological changes to protect neurons from irreversible damage. In line with this, our results demonstrated that early intervention of inflammation could reduce the progression of AD-like pathological outcomes. Moreover, our data provide a rationale for the potential use of curcuminoids in the treatment of inflammation associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyapriya Raja Sundaram
- Neurobiology and Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charlene Priscilla Poore
- Neurobiology and Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Noor Hazim Bin Sulaimee
- Neurobiology and Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tej Pareek
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wei Fun Cheong
- Neurobiology and Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Neurobiology and Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Harish C Pant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sally A Frautschy
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chian-Ming Low
- Neurobiology and Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Anaesthesia, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sashi Kesavapany
- Neurobiology and Ageing Program, Centre for Life Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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34
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He R, Huang W, Huang Y, Xu M, Song P, Huang Y, Xie H, Hu Y. Cdk5 Inhibitory Peptide Prevents Loss of Dopaminergic Neurons and Alleviates Behavioral Changes in an MPTP Induced Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:162. [PMID: 29910724 PMCID: PMC5992349 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most affected neurodegenerative diseases in the world. Deregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is believed to play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases including PD. p25 is a cleavage peptide of p35, a physiologic activator of Cdk5. p25 combines to Cdk5 and leads to the hyperactivity of Cdk5, which in turn hyperphosphorylates downstream substrates and leads to neuroinflammation and apoptosis of neurons. Previously, we have demonstrated that adeno-associated virus serotype-9 (AAV9) mediated Cdk5 inhibitory peptide (CIP) inhibits the activity of Cdk5/p25 complex and alleviates pathologic and behavioral changes in Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. In this study, we evaluated whether AAV9-CIP protected dopaminergic (DA) neurons in 1-methyl-4-phe-nyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-probenecid (MPTP/p) induced PD mouse model. The data showed that administration of AAV9-CIP by intracerebroventricular injection 1 week before MPTP/p exposure protected loss of DA neurons in substantia nigra compact of the model mice. Importantly, AAV9-CIP also alleviated the motor and anxiety-like symptoms of the disease animals. In summary, AAV9 mediated CIP might be a potential intervention for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongni He
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaowei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaojing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingping Song
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinwei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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35
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Yamakawa H, Cheng J, Penney J, Gao F, Rueda R, Wang J, Yamakawa S, Kritskiy O, Gjoneska E, Tsai LH. The Transcription Factor Sp3 Cooperates with HDAC2 to Regulate Synaptic Function and Plasticity in Neurons. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1319-1334. [PMID: 28793257 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone deacetylase HDAC2, which negatively regulates synaptic gene expression and neuronal plasticity, is upregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and mouse models. Therapeutics targeting HDAC2 hold promise for ameliorating AD-related cognitive impairment; however, attempts to generate HDAC2-specific inhibitors have failed. Here, we take an integrative genomics approach to identify proteins that mediate HDAC2 recruitment to synaptic plasticity genes. Functional screening revealed that knockdown of the transcription factor Sp3 phenocopied HDAC2 knockdown and that Sp3 facilitated recruitment of HDAC2 to synaptic genes. Importantly, like HDAC2, Sp3 expression was elevated in AD patients and mouse models, where Sp3 knockdown ameliorated synaptic dysfunction. Furthermore, exogenous expression of an HDAC2 fragment containing the Sp3-binding domain restored synaptic plasticity and memory in a mouse model with severe neurodegeneration. Our findings indicate that targeting the HDAC2-Sp3 complex could enhance cognitive function without affecting HDAC2 function in other processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekuni Yamakawa
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jemmie Cheng
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jay Penney
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Fan Gao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Richard Rueda
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Satoko Yamakawa
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Oleg Kritskiy
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Elizabeta Gjoneska
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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36
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MultiBacMam Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) tool-kit identifies new small-molecule inhibitors of the CDK5-p25 protein-protein interaction (PPI). Sci Rep 2018; 8:5083. [PMID: 29572554 PMCID: PMC5865166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are at the core of virtually all biological processes in cells. Consequently, targeting PPIs is emerging at the forefront of drug discovery. Cellular assays which closely recapitulate native conditions in vivo are instrumental to understand how small molecule drugs can modulate such interactions. We have integrated MultiBacMam, a baculovirus-based mammalian gene delivery tool we developed, with bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), giving rise to a highly efficient system for assay development, identification and characterization of PPI modulators. We used our system to analyze compounds impacting on CDK5-p25 PPI, which is implicated in numerous diseases including Alzheimer’s. We evaluated our tool-kit with the known inhibitor p5T, and we established a mini-screen to identify compounds that modulate this PPI in dose-response experiments. Finally, we discovered several compounds disrupting CDK5-p25 PPI, which had not been identified by other screening or structure-based methods before.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tauopathies represent a spectrum of incurable and progressive age-associated neurodegenerative diseases that currently are diagnosed definitively only at autopsy. Few clinical diagnoses, such as classic Richardson's syndrome of progressive supranuclear palsy, are specific for underlying tauopathy and no clinical syndrome is fully sensitive to reliably identify all forms of clinically manifest tauopathy. Thus, a major unmet need for the development and implementation of tau-targeted therapies is precise antemortem diagnosis. This article reviews new and emerging diagnostic therapies for tauopathies including novel imaging techniques and biomarkers and also reviews recent tau therapeutics. RECENT FINDINGS Building evidence from animal and cell models suggests that prion-like misfolding and propagation of pathogenic tau proteins between brain cells are central to the neurodegenerative process. These rapidly growing developments build rationale and motivation for the development of therapeutics targeting this mechanism through altering phosphorylation and other post-translational modifications of the tau protein, blocking aggregation and spread using small molecular compounds or immunotherapy and reducing or silencing expression of the MAPT tau gene. New clinical criteria, CSF, MRI, and PET biomarkers will aid in identifying tauopathies earlier and more accurately which will aid in selection for new clinical trials which focus on a variety of agents including immunotherapy and gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Coughlin
- Frontotemporal Dementia Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Frontotemporal Dementia Center (FTDC), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Marlier Q, Jibassia F, Verteneuil S, Linden J, Kaldis P, Meijer L, Nguyen L, Vandenbosch R, Malgrange B. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of Cdk1 provides neuroprotection towards ischemic neuronal death. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:43. [PMID: 29581894 PMCID: PMC5856839 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle proteins are mainly expressed by dividing cells. However, it is well established that these molecules play additional non-canonical activities in several cell death contexts. Increasing evidence shows expression of cell cycle regulating proteins in post-mitotic cells, including mature neurons, following neuronal insult. Several cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) have already been shown to mediate ischemic neuronal death but Cdk1, a major cell cycle G2/M regulator, has not been investigated in this context. We therefore examined the role of Cdk1 in neuronal cell death following cerebral ischemia, using both in vitro and in vivo genetic and pharmacological approaches. Exposure of primary cortical neurons cultures to 4 h of oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) resulted in neuronal cell death and induced Cdk1 expression. Neurons from Cdk1-cKO mice showed partial resistance to OGD-induced neuronal cell death. Addition of R-roscovitine to the culture medium conferred neuroprotection against OGD-induced neuronal death. Transient 1-h occlusion of the cerebral artery (MCAO) also leads to Cdk1 expression and activation. Cdk1-cKO mice displayed partial resistance to transient 1-h MCAO. Moreover, systemic delivery of R-roscovitine was neuroprotective following transient 1-h MCAO. This study demonstrates that promising neuroprotective therapies can be considered through inhibition of the cell cycle machinery and particularly through pharmacological inhibition of Cdk1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Marlier
- 1Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, C.H.U. B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Florian Jibassia
- 1Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, C.H.U. B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Verteneuil
- 1Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, C.H.U. B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Linden
- 2Department of Psychology, University of Liege, B32, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- 3Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos#3-09, Singapore, 138673 Republic of Singapore.,4Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117597 Republic of Singapore
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Centre de Perharidy, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Laurent Nguyen
- 6Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, C.H.U. B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Renaud Vandenbosch
- 1Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, C.H.U. B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Brigitte Malgrange
- 1Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, C.H.U. B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Abstract
Selective abrogation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) activity is a highly promising strategy in cancer treatment. The atypical CDK, CDK5 has long been known for its role in neurodegenerative diseases, and is becoming an attractive drug target for cancer therapy. Myriads of recent studies have uncovered that aberrant expression of CDK5 contributes to the oncogenic initiation and progression of multiple solid and hematological malignancies. CDK5 is also implicated in the regulation of cancer stem cell biology. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge of CDK5 as a druggable target for cancer treatment. We also provide a detailed outlook of designing selective and potent inhibitors of this enzyme.
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40
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He Y, Pan S, Xu M, He R, Huang W, Song P, Huang J, Zhang H, Hu Y. Adeno‐associated virus 9–mediated Cdk5 inhibitory peptide reverses pathologic changes and behavioral deficits in the Alzheimer's disease mouse model. FASEB J 2017; 31:3383-3392. [PMID: 28420695 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700064r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Department of NeurologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
- Department of NeurologyFirst People's Hospital of Chenzhou Chenzhou China
| | - Suyue Pan
- Department of NeurologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Miaojing Xu
- Department of NeurologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Rongni He
- Department of NeurologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of NeurologyZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Pingping Song
- Department of NeurologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jianou Huang
- Department of Neurology421 Hospital Guangzhou China
| | - Han‐Ting Zhang
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and PsychiatryWest Virginia University Health Sciences Center Morgantown West Virginia USA
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyWest Virginia University Health Sciences Center Morgantown West Virginia USA
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of NeurologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University Guangzhou China
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41
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Biological functions of CDK5 and potential CDK5 targeted clinical treatments. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17373-17382. [PMID: 28077789 PMCID: PMC5370047 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinases are proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinases that are traditionally activated upon association with a regulatory subunit. For most CDKs, activation by a cyclin occurs through association and phosphorylation of the CDK’s T-loop. CDK5 is unusual because it is not typically activated upon binding with a cyclin and does not require T-loop phosphorylation for activation, even though it has high amino acid sequence homology with other CDKs. While it was previously thought that CDK5 only interacted with p35 or p39 and their cleaved counterparts, Recent evidence suggests that CDK5 can interact with certain cylins, amongst other proteins, which modulate CDK5 activity levels. This review discusses recent findings of molecular interactions that regulate CDK5 activity and CDK5 associated pathways that are implicated in various diseases. Also covered herein is the growing body of evidence for CDK5 in contributing to the onset and progression of tumorigenesis.
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42
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Zhang H, Chang L, Zhang H, Nie J, Zhang Z, Yang X, Vuong AM, Wang Z, Chen A, Niu Q. Calpain-2/p35-p25/Cdk5 pathway is involved in the neuronal apoptosis induced by polybrominated diphenyl ether-153. Toxicol Lett 2017; 277:41-53. [PMID: 28559121 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been demonstrated to induce neurotoxicity in experimental rats and mice, with neuronal apoptosis as one of the major mechanisms, however, the mechanisms underlying PBDEs-induced neuronal apoptosis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of calpain/p35-p25/Cdk5 pathway in BDE-153-induced neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus and primary neurons in rats. Results showed that compared to the controls, neuronal apoptosis was significantly increased in vivo and ex vivo, as manifested by the increased hippocampus TUNEL-positive cell rates, apoptotic neurons in Hoechst and AO/EB staining, and the increased LDH activity and percentage of Annexin V-positive cells in rat hippocampus and primary neurons. Calpain activity was significantly increased in all the BDE-153-treated groups in vivo and ex vivo when compared to non-treatment controls. In addition, we showed that calpain-2 accounted for the calpain activation instead of calpain-1, as demonstrated by the up-regulated mRNA and protein expressions in calpain-2 but not calpain-1. Activated calpain truncated p35 into p25, which resulted in the p25/Cdk5 formation and activation. Calpain inhibitor PD150606 or p25/Cdk5 inhibitor Roscovitine relieved neuronal apoptosis mainly via inhibiting the p25/Cdk5 activation. Overall, the findings suggested that calpain-2/p35-p25/Cdk5 pathway was involved in BDE-153-induced neuronal apoptosis, which provides novel insight into the mechanisms of PBDE neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Lijun Chang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jisheng Nie
- Department of Occupational Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ann M Vuong
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zemin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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43
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Brossaud J, Roumes H, Helbling JC, Moisan MP, Pallet V, Ferreira G, Biyong EF, Redonnet A, Corcuff JB. Retinoic acid increases glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation via cyclin-dependent kinase 5. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 82:96-104. [PMID: 28477983 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function is modulated by phosphorylation. As retinoic acid (RA) can activate some cytoplasmic kinases able to phosphorylate GR, we investigated whether RA could modulate GR phosphorylation in neuronal cells in a context of long-term glucocorticoid exposure. A 4-day treatment of dexamethasone (Dex) plus RA, showed that RA potentiated the (Dex)-induced phosphorylation on GR Serine 220 (pSer220GR) in the nucleus of a hippocampal HT22 cell line. This treatment increased the cytoplasmic ratio of p35/p25 proteins, which are major CDK5 cofactors. Roscovitine, a pharmacological CDK5 inhibitor, or a siRNA against CDK5 prevented RA potentiation of GR phosphorylation. Furthermore, roscovitine counter-acted the effect of RA on GR sensitive target proteins such as BDNF or tissue-transglutaminase. These data help understanding the interaction between RA- and glucocorticoid-signalling pathways, both of which have strong influences on the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Brossaud
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Departments of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital and University of Bordeaux, France.
| | - Hélène Roumes
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Marie-Pierre Moisan
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Guillaume Ferreira
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Essi-Fanny Biyong
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anabelle Redonnet
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Corcuff
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, F-33076 Bordeaux, France; Departments of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital and University of Bordeaux, France
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44
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Liu W, Li J, Song YS, Li Y, Jia YH, Zhao HD. Cdk5 links with DNA damage response and cancer. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:60. [PMID: 28288624 PMCID: PMC5348798 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As an atypical member of cyclin dependent kinase family, Cyclin dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is considered as a neuron-specific kinase in the past decade due to the abundant existence of its activator p35 in post-mitotic neurons. Recent studies show that Cdk5 participates in a series of biological and pathological processes in non-neuronal cells, and is generally dysregulated in various cancer cells. The inhibition or knockdown of Cdk5 has been proven to play an anti-cancer role through various mechanisms, and can synergize the killing effect of chemotherapeutics. DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Here we describe the regulatory mechanisms of Cdk5, its controversial roles in apoptosis and focus on its links to DDR and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road 467, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road 467, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yu-Shu Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road 467, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road 467, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yu-Hong Jia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road West 9, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Hai-Dong Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road 467, Dalian, 116023, China.
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45
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Shukla V, Seo J, Binukumar B, Amin ND, Reddy P, Grant P, Kuntz S, Kesavapany S, Steiner J, Mishra SK, Tsai LH, Pant HC. TFP5, a Peptide Inhibitor of Aberrant and Hyperactive Cdk5/p25, Attenuates Pathological Phenotypes and Restores Synaptic Function in CK-p25Tg Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 56:335-349. [PMID: 28085018 PMCID: PMC10020940 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5), a critical neuronal kinase, is hyperactivated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be, in part, responsible for the hallmark pathology of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). It has been proposed by several laboratories that hyperactive cdk5 results from the overexpression of p25 (a truncated fragment of p35, the normal cdk5 regulator), which, when complexed to cdk5, induces hyperactivity, hyperphosphorylated tau/NFTs, amyloid-β plaques, and neuronal death. It has previously been shown that intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of a modified truncated 24-aa peptide (TFP5), derived from the cdk5 activator p35, penetrated the blood-brain barrier and significantly rescued AD-like pathology in 5XFAD model mice. The principal pathology in the 5XFAD mutant, however, is extensive amyloid plaques; hence, as a proof of concept, we believe it is essential to demonstrate the peptide's efficacy in a mouse model expressing high levels of p25, such as the inducible CK-p25Tg model mouse that overexpresses p25 in CamKII positive neurons. Using a modified TFP5 treatment, here we show that peptide i.p. injections in these mice decrease cdk5 hyperactivity, tau, neurofilament-M/H hyperphosphorylation, and restore synaptic function and behavior (i.e., spatial working memory, motor deficit using Rota-rod). It is noteworthy that TFP5 does not inhibit endogenous cdk5/p35 activity, nor other cdks in vivo suggesting it might have no toxic side effects, and may serve as an excellent therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative disorders expressing abnormally high brain levels of p25 and hyperactive cdk5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Shukla
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinsoo Seo
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B.K. Binukumar
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Niranjana D. Amin
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Preethi Reddy
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip Grant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan Kuntz
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Joseph Steiner
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Santosh K. Mishra
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Harish C. Pant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Correspondence to: Dr. Harish C. Pant, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Amin ND, Zheng Y, Bk B, Shukla V, Skuntz S, Grant P, Steiner J, Bhaskar M, Pant HC. The interaction of Munc 18 (p67) with the p10 domain of p35 protects in vivo Cdk5/p35 activity from inhibition by TFP5, a peptide derived from p35. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:3221-3232. [PMID: 27630261 PMCID: PMC5170856 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-12-0857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In a series of studies, we have identified TFP5, a truncated fragment of p35, the Cdk5 kinase regulatory protein, which inhibits Cdk5/p35 and the hyperactive Cdk5/p25 activities in test tube experiments. In cortical neurons, however, and in vivo in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, the peptide specifically inhibits the Cdk5/p25 complex and not the endogenous Cdk5/p35. To account for the selective inhibition of Cdk5/p25 activity, we propose that the "p10" N-terminal domain of p35, absent in p25, spares Cdk5/p35 because p10 binds to macromolecules (e.g., tubulin and actin) as a membrane-bound multimeric complex that favors p35 binding to Cdk5 and catalysis. To test this hypothesis, we focused on Munc 18, a key synapse-associated neuronal protein, one of many proteins copurifying with Cdk5/p35 in membrane-bound multimeric complexes. Here we show that, in vitro, the addition of p67 protects Cdk5/p35 and has no effect on Cdk5/p25 activity in the presence of TFP5. In cortical neurons transfected with p67siRNA, we also show that TFP5 inhibits Cdk5/p35 activity, whereas in the presence of p67 the activity is protected. It does so without affecting any other kinases of the Cdk family of cyclin kinases. This difference may be of significant therapeutic value because the accumulation of the deregulated, hyperactive Cdk5/p25 complex in human brains has been implicated in pathology of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjana D Amin
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yali Zheng
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Binukumar Bk
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Varsha Shukla
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Susan Skuntz
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Philip Grant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Joseph Steiner
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Manju Bhaskar
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Harish C Pant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Binukumar B, Pelech SL, Sutter C, Shukla V, Amin ND, Grant P, Bhaskar M, Skuntz S, Steiner J, Pant HC. Profiling of p5, a 24 Amino Acid Inhibitory Peptide Derived from the CDK5 Activator, p35 CDKR1 Against 70 Protein Kinases. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 54:525-33. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B.K. Binukumar
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven L. Pelech
- Kinexus Bioinformatics Corporation; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine Sutter
- Kinexus Bioinformatics Corporation; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Varsha Shukla
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Niranjana D. Amin
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip Grant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Manju Bhaskar
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suzanne Skuntz
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Steiner
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harish C. Pant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Zhang Q, Xie H, Ji Z, He R, Xu M, He Y, Huang J, Pan S, Hu Y. Cdk5/p25 specific inhibitory peptide TFP5 rescues the loss of dopaminergic neurons in a sub-acute MPTP induced PD mouse model. Neurosci Lett 2016; 632:1-7. [PMID: 27542341 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is pathologically characterized by progressively loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the formation of Lewy bodies. In 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced PD mice models, the calpain- cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) signaling has been proven in governing dopaminergic neuronal death. Under MPTP insult, p35 is cleaved by calpain into p25, which binds to Cdk5 and exhibits hyperactivity of Cdk5/p25. Cdk5/p25 inactivates MEF2, a survivor factor, which is critical for DA neuronal death. In this study, neuroprotective effect of the Cdk5/p25 specific peptide, TFP5, was evaluated in sub-acute MPTP induced PD mouse model by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of MPTP for five consecutive days. The results indicated that the levels of p35 and p25, and p25/p35 ratio increased in the sub-acute MPTP mice. TFP5 broadly reached cortex neuron, hippocampus and SNpc areas after i.p. injections. Pretreatment with 45mg/kg/day TFP5, as well as 10mgkg/day Cdk5 inhibitor roscovitine, for three days significantly rescued DA neuronal loss up to 9.8% or 9.7% respectively compared to the saline treated group. Treatment of TFP5 and roscovitine reduced the levels of inactive form of MEF2 and cleaved caspase 3, thus protected apoptosis of DA neurons against MPTP insult. Our results propose that TFP5 might be a potential therapeutic candidate for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, PR China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Rongni He
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Miaojing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jianou Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Neurology, The 421 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Suyue Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Zhou X, Huang J, Pan S, Xu M, He R, Ji Z, Hu Y. Neurodegeneration-Like Pathological and Behavioral Changes in an AAV9-Mediated p25 Overexpression Mouse Model. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 53:843-55. [PMID: 27258419 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianou Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- 421 Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suyue Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaojing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongni He
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Binukumar BK, Pant HC. TFP5/TP5 peptide provides neuroprotection in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:698-701. [PMID: 27335538 PMCID: PMC4904445 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.182681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a member of the serine-threonine kinase family of cyclin-dependent kinases. Cdk5 is critical to normal mammalian nervous system development and plays important regulatory roles in multiple cellular functions. Recent evidence indicates that Cdk5 is inappropriately activated in several neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra, decreased striatal dopamine levels, and consequent extrapyramidal motor dysfunction. During neurotoxicity, p35 is cleaved to form p25. Binding of p25 with Cdk5 leads deregulation of Cdk5 resulting in number of neurodegenerative pathologies. To date, strategies to specifically inhibit Cdk5 hyperactivity have not been successful without affecting normal Cdk5 activity. Here we show that inhibition of p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation through TFP5/TP5, truncated 24-aa peptide derived from the Cdk5 activator p35 rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP+) in a mouse model of PD. TP5 peptide treatment also blocked dopamine depletion in the striatum and improved gait dysfunction after MPTP administration. The neuroprotective effect of TFP5/TP5 peptide is also associated with marked reduction in neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Here we show inhibition of Cdk5/p25-hyperactivation by TFP5/TP5 peptide, which identifies Cdk5/p25 as a potential therapeutic target to reduce neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Binukumar
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harish C Pant
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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