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Qneibi M, Bdir S, Bdair M, Aldwaik SA, Heeh M, Sandouka D, Idais T. Exploring the role of AMPA receptor auxiliary proteins in synaptic functions and diseases. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 39394632 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediate rapid excitatory synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain, primarily driven by the neurotransmitter glutamate. The modulation of AMPAR activity, particularly calcium-permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs), is crucially influenced by various auxiliary subunits. These subunits are integral membrane proteins that bind to the receptor's core and modify its functional properties, including ion channel kinetics and receptor trafficking. This review comprehensively catalogs all known AMPAR auxiliary proteins, providing vital insights into the biochemical mechanisms governing synaptic modulation and the specific impact of CP-AMPARs compared to their calcium-impermeable AMPA receptor (CI-AMPARs). Understanding the complex interplay between AMPARs and their auxiliary subunits in different brain regions is essential for elucidating their roles in cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Importantly, alterations in these auxiliary proteins' expression, function or interactions have been implicated in various neurological disorders. Aberrant signaling through CP-AMPARs, in particular, is associated with severe synaptic dysfunctions across neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative and psychiatric conditions. Targeting the distinct properties of AMPAR-auxiliary subunit complexes, especially those involving CP-AMPARs, could disclose new therapeutic strategies, potentially allowing for more precise interventions in treating complex neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Qneibi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sosana Bdir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Bdair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Samia Ammar Aldwaik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | | | - Dana Sandouka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Tala Idais
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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2
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Metzbower SR, Levy AD, Dharmasri PA, Anderson MC, Blanpied TA. Distinct SAP102 and PSD-95 Nano-organization Defines Multiple Types of Synaptic Scaffold Protein Domains at Single Synapses. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1715232024. [PMID: 38777601 PMCID: PMC11211720 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1715-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
MAGUK scaffold proteins play a central role in maintaining and modulating synaptic signaling, providing a framework to retain and position receptors, signaling molecules, and other synaptic components. In particular, the MAGUKs SAP102 and PSD-95 are essential for synaptic function at distinct developmental timepoints and perform both overlapping and unique roles. While their similar structures allow for common binding partners, SAP102 is expressed earlier in synapse development and is required for synaptogenesis, whereas PSD-95 expression peaks later and is associated with synapse maturation. PSD-95 and other key synaptic proteins organize into subsynaptic nanodomains that have a significant impact on synaptic transmission, but the nanoscale organization of SAP102 is unknown. How SAP102 is organized within the synapse, and how it relates spatially to PSD-95 on a nanometer scale, could underlie its unique functions and impact how SAP102 scaffolds synaptic proteins. Here we used DNA-PAINT super-resolution microscopy to measure SAP102 nano-organization and its spatial relationship to PSD-95 at individual synapses in mixed-sex rat cultured neurons. We found that like PSD-95, SAP102 accumulates in high-density subsynaptic nanoclusters (NCs). However, SAP102 NCs were smaller and denser than PSD-95 NCs across development. Additionally, only a subset of SAP102 NCs co-organized with PSD-95, revealing MAGUK nanodomains within individual synapses containing either one or both proteins. These MAGUK nanodomain types had distinct NC properties and were differentially enriched with the presynaptic release protein Munc13-1. This organization into both shared and distinct subsynaptic nanodomains may underlie the ability of SAP102 and PSD-95 to perform both common and unique synaptic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Metzbower
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Aaron D Levy
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Poorna A Dharmasri
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Michael C Anderson
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Thomas A Blanpied
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
- University of Maryland Medicine Institute for Neuroscience Discovery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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3
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Kaizuka T, Takumi T. Alteration of synaptic protein composition during developmental synapse maturation. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2894-2914. [PMID: 38571321 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The postsynaptic density (PSD) is a collection of specialized proteins assembled beneath the postsynaptic membrane of dendritic spines. The PSD proteome comprises ~1000 proteins, including neurotransmitter receptors, scaffolding proteins and signalling enzymes. Many of these proteins have essential roles in synaptic function and plasticity. During brain development, changes are observed in synapse density and in the stability and shape of spines, reflecting the underlying molecular maturation of synapses. Synaptic protein composition changes in terms of protein abundance and the assembly of protein complexes, supercomplexes and the physical organization of the PSD. Here, we summarize the developmental alterations of postsynaptic protein composition during synapse maturation. We describe major PSD proteins involved in postsynaptic signalling that regulates synaptic plasticity and discuss the effect of altered expression of these proteins during development. We consider the abnormality of synaptic profiles and synaptic protein composition in the brain in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders. We also explain differences in synapse development between rodents and primates in terms of synaptic profiles and protein composition. Finally, we introduce recent findings related to synaptic diversity and nanoarchitecture and discuss their impact on future research. Synaptic protein composition can be considered a major determinant and marker of synapse maturation in normality and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kaizuka
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Toru Takumi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
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4
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He Y, Wang Y, Li X, Qi Y, Qu Z, Hu Y. Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides Improves Cognitive Functions in ICV-STZ-Induced Alzheimer's Disease Mice Model by Improving the Synaptic Structural Plasticity and Regulating IRS1/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:15. [PMID: 38653878 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) have a certain curative effect on hypoglycemic and neuroprotective effects, but the specific mechanism is unclear and needs to be further explored. This study aimed to clarify the mechanisms of LBP in the treatment of ICV-STZ mice model of AD from the perspectives of insulin resistance, IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and synaptic protein expression. We used male C57BL/6J mice injected with STZ (3 mg/kg) in the lateral ventricle as an AD model. After treatment with LBP, the learning and memory abilities of ICV-STZ mice were enhanced, and the pathological changes in brain tissue were alleviated. LBP can regulate the expression of proteins related to the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and thereby reducing Aβ deposition and tau protein phosphorylation in the brain of ICV-STZ mice. In addition, LBP also can up-regulate the expression of synaptic proteins. The results indicated that LBP played a neuroprotective role by regulating the IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation and improving the expression levels of synapse-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi He
- Department of Phamacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin Jiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanyou Wang
- Department of Phamacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin Jiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Phamacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin Jiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanqiang Qi
- Department of Phamacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin Jiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zuwei Qu
- Department of Phamacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin Jiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanli Hu
- Department of Phamacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xin Jiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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5
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Huyghebaert J, Mateiu L, Elinck E, Van Rossem KE, Christiaenssen B, D'Incal CP, McCormack MK, Lazzarini A, Vandeweyer G, Kooy RF. Identification of a DLG3 stop mutation in the MRX20 family. Eur J Hum Genet 2024; 32:317-323. [PMID: 38273165 PMCID: PMC10923781 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-024-01537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we identified the causal mutation in the MRX20 family, one of the larger X-linked pedigrees that have been described in which no gene had been identified up till now. In 1995, the putative disease gene had been mapped to the pericentromeric region on the X chromosome, but no follow-up studies were performed. Here, whole exome sequencing (WES) on two affected and one unaffected family member revealed the c.195del/p.(Thr66ProfsTer55) mutation in the DLG3 gene (NM_021120.4) that segregated with the affected individuals in the family. DLG3 mutations have been consequently associated with intellectual disability and are a plausible explanation for the clinical abnormalities observed in this family. In addition, we identified two other variants co-segregating with the phenotype: a stop gain mutation in SSX1 (c.358G>T/p.(Glu120Ter)) (NM_001278691.2) and a nonsynonymous SNV in USP27X (c.56 A>G/p.(Gln19Arg)) (NM_001145073.3). RNA sequencing revealed 14 differentially expressed genes (p value < 0.1) in 7 affected males compared to 4 unaffected males of the family, including four genes known to be associated with neurological disorders. Thus, in this paper we identified the c.195del/p.(Thr66ProfsTer55) mutation in the DLG3 gene (NM_021120.4) as likely responsible for the phenotype observed in the MRX20 family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ligia Mateiu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ellen Elinck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Michael K McCormack
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Virtua Health College of Medicine and Life Sciences of Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, 08084, USA
| | - Alice Lazzarini
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Geert Vandeweyer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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He YY, Luo S, Jin L, Wang PY, Xu J, Jiao HL, Yan HJ, Wang Y, Zhai QX, Ji JJ, Zhang WJ, Zhou P, Li H, Liao WP, Lan S, Xu L. DLG3 variants caused X-linked epilepsy with/without neurodevelopmental disorders and the genotype-phenotype correlation. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 16:1290919. [PMID: 38249294 PMCID: PMC10796462 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1290919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The DLG3 gene encodes disks large membrane-associated guanylate kinase scaffold protein 3, which plays essential roles in the clustering of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) at excitatory synapses. Previously, DLG3 has been identified as the causative gene of X-linked intellectual developmental disorder-90 (XLID-90; OMIM# 300850). This study aims to explore the phenotypic spectrum of DLG3 and the genotype-phenotype correlation. Methods Trios-based whole-exome sequencing was performed in patients with epilepsy of unknown causes. To analyze the genotype-phenotype correlations, previously reported DLG3 variants were systematically reviewed. Results DLG3 variants were identified in seven unrelated cases with epilepsy. These variants had no hemizygous frequencies in controls. All variants were predicted to be damaging by silico tools and alter the hydrogen bonds with surrounding residues and/or protein stability. Four cases mainly presented with generalized seizures, including generalized tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures, and the other three cases exhibited secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures and focal seizures. Multifocal discharges were recorded in all cases during electroencephalography monitoring, including the four cases with generalized discharges initially but multifocal discharges after drug treating. Protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that DLG3 interacts with 52 genes with high confidence, in which the majority of disease-causing genes were associated with a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) and epilepsy. Three patients with variants locating outside functional domains all achieved seizure-free, while the four patients with variants locating in functional domains presented poor control of seizures. Analysis of previously reported cases revealed that patients with non-null variants presented higher percentages of epilepsy than those with null variants, suggesting a genotype-phenotype correlation. Significance This study suggested that DLG3 variants were associated with epilepsy with/without NDD, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of DLG3. The observed genotype-phenotype correlation potentially contributes to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving phenotypic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yan He
- Department of Neurology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Peng-Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Liang Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Jun Yan
- Epilepsy Center, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Xiang Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Ji
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weng-Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Li
- Epilepsy Center, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ping Liao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Lan
- Department of Neurology, Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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De Los Reyes DA, Karkoutly MY, Zhang Y. Synapse-associated protein 102 - a highly mobile MAGUK predominate in early synaptogenesis. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1286134. [PMID: 37928066 PMCID: PMC10620527 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1286134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by serious structural and functional changes in excitatory glutamatergic synapses in the brain, resulting in many synaptic deficits and aberrant synapse loss. It is a big challenge to reverse these synaptic impairments as a treatment for neurological diseases in the field. Extensive research on glutamate receptors as therapeutic targets has been done but with little success shown in human trials. PSD-95-like MAGUK proteins perform a pivotal role in regulating the trafficking and stability of glutamate receptors that are important to postsynaptic structure and function. MAGUK and MAGUK-modulated synaptic pathways are becoming promising candidates for developing therapeutic targets. As a MAGUK protein, SAP102 is not understood well compared to PSD-95. Here, we review the current research on SAP102 including its synaptic functions and regulation, especially its expression and functions in the early stage of synaptogenesis and the association with neurodevelopmental disorders. This review presents valuable information for future structural and functional studies of SAP102 to reveal its roles in young and mature neurons. It provides clues for developing potential remedies to reverse synaptic impairments and strategies to grow new neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yonghong Zhang
- School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States
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8
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Metzbower SR, Dharmasri PA, Levy AD, Anderson MC, Blanpied TA. Distinct SAP102 and PSD-95 nano-organization defines multiple types of synaptic scaffold protein domains at single synapses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.12.557372. [PMID: 37745494 PMCID: PMC10515860 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.557372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The MAGUK family of scaffold proteins plays a central role in maintaining and modulating synaptic signaling, providing a framework to retain and position receptors, signaling molecules, and other synaptic components. Of these scaffold proteins, SAP102 and PSD-95 are essential for synaptic function at distinct developmental timepoints and perform overlapping as well as unique roles. While their similar structures allow for common binding partners, SAP102 is expressed earlier in synapse development and is required for synaptogenesis, whereas PSD-95 expression peaks later in development and is associated with synapse maturation. PSD-95 and other key synaptic proteins organize into subsynaptic nanodomains that have a significant impact on synaptic transmission, but the nanoscale organization of SAP102 is unknown. How SAP102 is organized within the synapse, and how it relates spatially to PSD-95 on a nanometer scale, could impact how SAP102 clusters synaptic proteins and underlie its ability to perform its unique functions. Here we used DNA-PAINT super-resolution microscopy to measure SAP102 nano-organization and its spatial relationship to PSD-95 at individual synapses. We found that like PSD-95, SAP102 accumulates in high-density subsynaptic nanoclusters. However, SAP102 nanoclusters were smaller and denser than PSD-95 nanoclusters across development. Additionally, only a subset of SAP102 nanoclusters co-organized with PSD-95, revealing that within individual synapses there are nanodomains that contain either one or both proteins. This organization into both shared and distinct subsynaptic nanodomains may underlie the ability of SAP102 and PSD-95 to perform both common and unique synaptic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Metzbower
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Poorna A. Dharmasri
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Aaron D. Levy
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Michael C. Anderson
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Thomas A. Blanpied
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- University of Maryland Medicine Institute for Neuroscience Discovery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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Wang C, Ye H, Zheng Y, Qi Y, Zhang M, Long Y, Hu Y. Phenylethanoid Glycosides of Cistanche Improve Learning and Memory Disorders in APP/PS1 Mice by Regulating Glial Cell Activation and Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Neuromolecular Med 2023; 25:75-93. [PMID: 35781783 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-022-08717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Phenylethanoid Glycosides of Cistanche (PhGs) have a certain curative effect on AD animal model, Echinacea (ECH) and verbascoside (ACT), as the quality control standard of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma and the main representative compounds of PhGs have been proved to have neuroprotective effects, but the specific mechanism needs to be further explored. This study explored the mechanisms of PhGs, ECH, and ACT in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from the perspectives of glial cell activation, TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and synaptic protein expression. We used APP/PS1 mice as AD models. After treatment with PhGs, ECH, and ACT, the learning and memory abilities of APP/PS1 mice were enhanced, and the pathological changes in brain tissue were alleviated. The expression of pro-inflammatory M1 microglia markers (CD11b, iNOS, and IL-1β) was decreased; the expression of M2 microglia markers (Arg-1 and TGF-β1) was increased, which promoted the transformation of microglia from M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype to M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. In addition, PhGs, ECH, and ACT could down-regulate the expression of proteins related to the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and up-regulate the expression of synaptic proteins. The results indicated that PhGs, ECH, and ACT played a neuroprotective role by regulating the activation of glial cells and inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway, and improving the expression levels of synapse-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Ye
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Long
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Sami Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Dysregulated Signaling at Postsynaptic Density: A Systematic Review and Translational Appraisal for the Pathophysiology, Clinics, and Antipsychotics' Treatment of Schizophrenia. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040574. [PMID: 36831241 PMCID: PMC9954794 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence from genomics, post-mortem, and preclinical studies point to a potential dysregulation of molecular signaling at postsynaptic density (PSD) in schizophrenia pathophysiology. The PSD that identifies the archetypal asymmetric synapse is a structure of approximately 300 nm in diameter, localized behind the neuronal membrane in the glutamatergic synapse, and constituted by more than 1000 proteins, including receptors, adaptors, kinases, and scaffold proteins. Furthermore, using FASS (fluorescence-activated synaptosome sorting) techniques, glutamatergic synaptosomes were isolated at around 70 nm, where the receptors anchored to the PSD proteins can diffuse laterally along the PSD and were stabilized by scaffold proteins in nanodomains of 50-80 nm at a distance of 20-40 nm creating "nanocolumns" within the synaptic button. In this context, PSD was envisioned as a multimodal hub integrating multiple signaling-related intracellular functions. Dysfunctions of glutamate signaling have been postulated in schizophrenia, starting from the glutamate receptor's interaction with scaffolding proteins involved in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Despite the emerging role of PSD proteins in behavioral disorders, there is currently no systematic review that integrates preclinical and clinical findings addressing dysregulated PSD signaling and translational implications for antipsychotic treatment in the aberrant postsynaptic function context. Here we reviewed a critical appraisal of the role of dysregulated PSD proteins signaling in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, discussing how antipsychotics may affect PSD structures and synaptic plasticity in brain regions relevant to psychosis.
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11
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Tomas-Roca L, Qiu Z, Fransén E, Gokhale R, Bulovaite E, Price DJ, Komiyama NH, Grant SGN. Developmental disruption and restoration of brain synaptome architecture in the murine Pax6 neurodevelopmental disease model. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6836. [PMID: 36369219 PMCID: PMC9652404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34131-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders of genetic origin delay the acquisition of normal abilities and cause disabling phenotypes. Nevertheless, spontaneous attenuation and even complete amelioration of symptoms in early childhood and adolescence can occur in many disorders, suggesting that brain circuits possess an intrinsic capacity to overcome the deficits arising from some germline mutations. We examined the molecular composition of almost a trillion excitatory synapses on a brain-wide scale between birth and adulthood in mice carrying a mutation in the homeobox transcription factor Pax6, a neurodevelopmental disorder model. Pax6 haploinsufficiency had no impact on total synapse number at any age. By contrast, the molecular composition of excitatory synapses, the postnatal expansion of synapse diversity and the acquisition of normal synaptome architecture were delayed in all brain regions, interfering with networks and electrophysiological simulations of cognitive functions. Specific excitatory synapse types and subtypes were affected in two key developmental age-windows. These phenotypes were reversed within 2-3 weeks of onset, restoring synapse diversity and synaptome architecture to the normal developmental trajectory. Synapse subtypes with rapid protein turnover mediated the synaptome remodeling. This brain-wide capacity for remodeling of synapse molecular composition to recover and maintain the developmental trajectory of synaptome architecture may help confer resilience to neurodevelopmental genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tomas-Roca
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Erik Fransén
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ragini Gokhale
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Edita Bulovaite
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - David J Price
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain (SIDB), Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Noboru H Komiyama
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain (SIDB), Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Seth G N Grant
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain (SIDB), Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK.
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12
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Panopoulou M, Schlüter OM. Ca 2+-permeable AMPA receptors set the threshold for retrieval of drug memories. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2868-2878. [PMID: 35296806 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Frequent relapse prevents the successful treatment of substance use disorders and is triggered in part by retrieval of drug-associated memories. Drug-conditioned behaviours in rodents are reinstated upon drug memory retrieval following re-exposure to cues previously associated with the drug, or the drug itself. Therapies based on mechanistic insights from rodent studies have focused on amnesic procedures of cue-drug associations but with so far limited success. Conversely, more recent studies propose that inhibiting drug memory retrieval offers improved anti-relapse efficacy. However, mechanisms of memory retrieval are poorly understood. Here, we used a conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure in mice to investigate the cellular and molecular underpinnings of drug-induced memory retrieval. After extinction training of CPP, Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) accumulated at drug-generated silent synapses of nucleus accumbens (NAc) medium spiny neurons. The NAc CP-AMPARs regulated the retrieval mechanism of drug memories after extinction. Specifically, we used different priming doses of cocaine, fentanyl, or a cue associated with drug exposure to reinstate CPP, providing different memory retrieval conditions. Although both high and low doses of these two drugs induced CPP reinstatement, compromising CP-AMPAR accumulation impaired CPP reinstatement, induced by low doses of each drug or the cue. This threshold effect was mediated by NAc CP-AMPARs as region specific knock-down of PSD-95 prevented low-dose cocaine-induced retrieval selectively. These results demonstrate the NAc as a brain region and CP-AMPARs as key synaptic substrates that govern the threshold for drug-induced retrieval and behavioural expression of drug memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Panopoulou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Neurosciences, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver M Schlüter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany. .,Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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13
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Kay Y, Tsan L, Davis EA, Tian C, Décarie-Spain L, Sadybekov A, Pushkin AN, Katritch V, Kanoski SE, Herring BE. Schizophrenia-associated SAP97 mutations increase glutamatergic synapse strength in the dentate gyrus and impair contextual episodic memory in rats. Nat Commun 2022; 13:798. [PMID: 35145085 PMCID: PMC8831576 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the putative glutamatergic synapse scaffolding protein SAP97 are associated with the development of schizophrenia in humans. However, the role of SAP97 in synaptic regulation is unclear. Here we show that SAP97 is expressed in the dendrites of granule neurons in the dentate gyrus but not in the dendrites of other hippocampal neurons. Schizophrenia-related perturbations of SAP97 did not affect CA1 pyramidal neuron synapse function. Conversely, these perturbations produce dramatic augmentation of glutamatergic neurotransmission in granule neurons that can be attributed to a release of perisynaptic GluA1-containing AMPA receptors into the postsynaptic densities of perforant pathway synapses. Furthermore, inhibiting SAP97 function in the dentate gyrus was sufficient to impair contextual episodic memory. Together, our results identify a cell-type-specific synaptic regulatory mechanism in the dentate gyrus that, when disrupted, impairs contextual information processing in rats. The effects of SAP97 mutations associated with schizophrenia on synaptic function are unclear. Here, the authors show that schizophrenia-related SAP97 mutations enhance glutamatergic synapse strength in the dentate gyrus, impairing contextual episodic memory in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuni Kay
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Linda Tsan
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Chen Tian
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Léa Décarie-Spain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Anastasiia Sadybekov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Anna N Pushkin
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Scott E Kanoski
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Bruce E Herring
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Neurobiology Section, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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14
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Abstract
This study presents evidence that the MAGUK family of synaptic scaffolding proteins plays an essential, but redundant, role in long-term potentiation (LTP). The action of PSD-95, but not that of SAP102, requires the binding to the transsynaptic adhesion protein ADAM22, which is required for nanocolumn stabilization. Based on these and previous results, we propose a two-step process in the recruitment of AMPARs during LTP. First, AMPARs, via TARPs, bind to exposed PSD-95 in the PSD. This alone is not adequate to enhance synaptic transmission. Second, the AMPAR/TARP/PSD-95 complex is stabilized in the nanocolumn by binding to ADAM22. A second, ADAM22-independent pathway is proposed for SAP102.
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15
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Shen H, Huang C, Wu J, Li J, Hu T, Wang Z, Zhang H, Shao Y, Fu Z. SCRIB Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis by Targeting Hippo/YAP Signalling in Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:656359. [PMID: 33937255 PMCID: PMC8084105 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.656359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex in which scribble planar cell polarity protein (SCRIB) is located is one of the three main polar protein complexes that play an important role in maintaining epithelial polarity and affecting tumour growth. However, the role of SCRIB in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains largely unknown. This study used date from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and clinical samples to determine the expression of SCRIB in CRC and explored its mechanism through bioinformatics analysis and in vivo and in vitro experiments. In this study, SCRIB was found to be highly expressed in CRC patients, and it was often associated with malignant characteristics, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, we found that SCRIB may interact with the Hippo signalling pathway and affect the phosphorylation of YAP and its distribution inside and outside of the nucleus. We concluded that increased expression of SCRIB is likely to inhibit the Hippo signalling pathway by promoting YAP phosphorylation. This role of SCRIB in the progression of CRC provides an important information for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyang Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Changzhi Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyu Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenling Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Shao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zan Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
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16
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Diab A, Qi J, Shahin I, Milligan C, Fawcett JP. NCK1 Regulates Amygdala Activity to Control Context-dependent Stress Responses and Anxiety in Male Mice. Neuroscience 2020; 448:107-125. [PMID: 32946951 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorder (AD) is characterized by the development of maladaptive neuronal circuits and changes to the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance of the central nervous system. Although AD is considered to be heritable, specific genetic markers remain elusive. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) studies have identified non-catalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1), a gene that codes for an intracellular adaptor protein involved in actin dynamics, as an important gene in the regulation of mood. Using a murine model in which NCK1 is inactivated, we show that male, but not female, mice display increased levels of context-dependent anxiety-like behaviors along with an increase in circulating serum corticosterone relative to control. Treatment of male NCK1 mutant mice with a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor rescued the anxiety-like behaviors implicating NCK1 in regulating neuronal excitability. These defects are not attributable to apparent defects in gross brain structure or in axon guidance. However, when challenged in an approach-avoidance conflict paradigm, male NCK1-deficient mice have decreased neuronal activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), as well as decreased activation of inhibitory interneurons in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Finally, NCK1 deficiency results in loss of dendritic spine density in principal neurons of the BLA. Taken together, these data implicate NCK1 in the control of E/I balance in BLA. Our work identifies a novel role for NCK1 in the regulation of sex-specific neuronal circuitry necessary for controlling anxiety-like behaviors. Further, our work points to this animal model as a useful preclinical tool for the study of novel anxiolytics and its significance towards understanding sex differences in anxiolytic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Diab
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Canada
| | - Jiansong Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Canada
| | | | - James P Fawcett
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Canada; Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Canada.
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17
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Wilkinson B, Coba MP. Molecular architecture of postsynaptic Interactomes. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109782. [PMID: 32941943 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The postsynaptic density (PSD) plays an essential role in the organization of the synaptic signaling machinery. It contains a set of core scaffolding proteins that provide the backbone to PSD protein-protein interaction networks (PINs). These core scaffolding proteins can be seen as three principal layers classified by protein family, with DLG proteins being at the top, SHANKs along the bottom, and DLGAPs connecting the two layers. Early studies utilizing yeast two hybrid enabled the identification of direct protein-protein interactions (PPIs) within the multiple layers of scaffolding proteins. More recently, mass-spectrometry has allowed the characterization of whole interactomes within the PSD. This expansion of knowledge has further solidified the centrality of core scaffolding family members within synaptic PINs and provided context for their role in neuronal development and synaptic function. Here, we discuss the scaffolding machinery of the PSD, their essential functions in the organization of synaptic PINs, along with their relationship to neuronal processes found to be impaired in complex brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Wilkinson
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Marcelo P Coba
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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18
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Tamberg L, Jaago M, Säälik K, Sirp A, Tuvikene J, Shubina A, Kiir CS, Nurm K, Sepp M, Timmusk T, Palgi M. Daughterless, the Drosophila orthologue of TCF4, is required for associative learning and maintenance of the synaptic proteome. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm042747. [PMID: 32641419 PMCID: PMC7406316 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.042747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian transcription factor 4 (TCF4) has been linked to schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities, such as Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS). Here, we show that similarly to mammalian TCF4, fruit fly orthologue Daughterless (Da) is expressed widely in the Drosophila brain. Furthermore, silencing of da, using several central nervous system-specific Gal4 driver lines, impairs appetitive associative learning of the larvae and leads to decreased levels of the synaptic proteins Synapsin (Syn) and Discs large 1 (Dlg1), suggesting the involvement of Da in memory formation. Here, we demonstrate that Syn and dlg1 are direct target genes of Da in adult Drosophila heads, as Da binds to the regulatory regions of these genes and the modulation of Da levels alter the levels of Syn and dlg1 mRNA. Silencing of da also affects negative geotaxis of the adult flies, suggesting the impairment of locomotor function. Overall, our findings suggest that Da regulates Drosophila larval memory and adult negative geotaxis, possibly via its synaptic target genes Syn and dlg1 These behavioural phenotypes can be further used as a PTHS model to screen for therapeutics.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tamberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Mariliis Jaago
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
- Protobios LLC, Mäealuse 4, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Kristi Säälik
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Alex Sirp
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Tuvikene
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
- Protobios LLC, Mäealuse 4, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Anastassia Shubina
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Carl Sander Kiir
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Kaja Nurm
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Mari Sepp
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
- Protobios LLC, Mäealuse 4, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Mari Palgi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
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19
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Cizeron M, Qiu Z, Koniaris B, Gokhale R, Komiyama NH, Fransén E, Grant SGN. A brainwide atlas of synapses across the mouse life span. Science 2020; 369:270-275. [PMID: 32527927 PMCID: PMC7115813 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba3163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Synapses connect neurons together to form the circuits of the brain, and their molecular composition controls innate and learned behavior. We analyzed the molecular and morphological diversity of 5 billion excitatory synapses at single-synapse resolution across the mouse brain from birth to old age. A continuum of changes alters synapse composition in all brain regions across the life span. Expansion in synapse diversity produces differentiation of brain regions until early adulthood, and compositional changes cause dedifferentiation in old age. The spatiotemporal synaptome architecture of the brain potentially accounts for life-span transitions in intellectual ability, memory, and susceptibility to behavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Cizeron
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR-5310, INSERM U-1217, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Babis Koniaris
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- School of Computing, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK
| | - Ragini Gokhale
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Noboru H Komiyama
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain (SIDB), Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Erik Fransén
- Department of Computational Science and Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Seth G N Grant
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK.
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain (SIDB), Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
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20
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Alberry BLJ, Castellani CA, Singh SM. Hippocampal transcriptome analysis following maternal separation implicates altered RNA processing in a mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. J Neurodev Disord 2020; 12:15. [PMID: 32416732 PMCID: PMC7231420 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-020-09316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are common, seen in 1–5% of the population in the USA and Canada. Children diagnosed with FASD are not likely to remain with their biological parents, facing early maternal separation and foster placements throughout childhood. Methods We model FASD in mice via prenatal alcohol exposure and further induce early life stress through maternal separation. We use RNA-seq followed by clustering of expression profiles through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to analyze transcriptomic changes that result from the treatments. We use reverse transcription qPCR to validate these changes in the mouse hippocampus. Results We report an association between adult hippocampal gene expression and prenatal ethanol exposure followed by postnatal separation stress that is related to behavioral changes. Expression profile clustering using WGCNA identifies a set of transcripts, module 19, associated with anxiety-like behavior (r = 0.79, p = 0.002) as well as treatment group (r = 0.68, p = 0.015). Genes in this module are overrepresented by genes involved in transcriptional regulation and other pathways related to neurodevelopment. Interestingly, one member of this module, Polr2a, polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, is downregulated by the combination of prenatal ethanol and postnatal stress in an RNA-Seq experiment and qPCR validation (q = 2e−12, p = 0.004, respectively). Conclusions Together, transcriptional control in the hippocampus is implicated as a potential underlying mechanism leading to anxiety-like behavior via environmental insults. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanism involved and use this insight towards early diagnosis and amelioration strategies involving children born with FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie L J Alberry
- Department of Biology, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Christina A Castellani
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Shiva M Singh
- Department of Biology, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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21
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Mohan V, Sullivan CS, Guo J, Wade SD, Majumder S, Agarwal A, Anton ES, Temple BS, Maness PF. Temporal Regulation of Dendritic Spines Through NrCAM-Semaphorin3F Receptor Signaling in Developing Cortical Pyramidal Neurons. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:963-977. [PMID: 29415226 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuron-glial related cell adhesion molecule NrCAM is a newly identified negative regulator of spine density that genetically interacts with Semaphorin3F (Sema3F), and is implicated in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). To investigate a role for NrCAM in spine pruning during the critical adolescent period when networks are established, we generated novel conditional, inducible NrCAM mutant mice (Nex1Cre-ERT2: NrCAMflox/flox). We demonstrate that NrCAM functions cell autonomously during adolescence in pyramidal neurons to restrict spine density in the visual (V1) and medial frontal cortex (MFC). Guided by molecular modeling, we found that NrCAM promoted clustering of the Sema3F holoreceptor complex by interfacing with Neuropilin-2 (Npn2) and PDZ scaffold protein SAP102. NrCAM-induced receptor clustering stimulated the Rap-GAP activity of PlexinA3 (PlexA3) within the holoreceptor complex, which in turn, inhibited Rap1-GTPase and inactivated adhesive β1 integrins, essential for Sema3F-induced spine pruning. These results define a developmental function for NrCAM in Sema3F receptor signaling that limits dendritic spine density on cortical pyramidal neurons during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwa Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chelsea S Sullivan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jiami Guo
- UNC Neuroscience Center and the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah D Wade
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samarpan Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amit Agarwal
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Eva S Anton
- UNC Neuroscience Center and the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brenda S Temple
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patricia F Maness
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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22
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Alberry BL, Singh SM. Hippocampal DNA Methylation in a Mouse Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder That Includes Maternal Separation Stress Only Partially Explains Changes in Gene Expression. Front Genet 2020; 11:70. [PMID: 32174962 PMCID: PMC7056727 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is characterized by developmental and behavioral deficits caused by maternal drinking during pregnancy. Children born with FASD often face additional stresses, including maternal separation, that add yet additional deficits. The mechanism associated with this interaction is not known. We have used a mouse model for prenatal ethanol exposure and maternal separation to demonstrate that the combination of the two treatments results in more than additive deficits. Furthermore, the behavioral deficits are associated with changes in hippocampal gene expression that persist into adulthood. What initiates and maintains these changes remains to be established and forms the focus of this report. Specifically, MeDIP-Seq was used to assess if changes in promoter DNA methylation are affected by exposure to prenatal ethanol and maternal separation including its relationship to gene expression. The novel results show that different sets of genes implicated by promoter DNA methylation are affected by both treatments independently, and a relatively unique set of genes are affected by the combination of the two treatments. Prenatal ethanol exposure leads to altered promoter DNA methylation at genes important for transcriptional regulation. Maternal separation leads to changes at genes important for histone methylation and immune response, and the combination of two treatments results in DNA methylation changes at genes important for neuronal migration and immune response. Our dual results from the same hippocampal samples suggest there is minimal complementarity between changes in promoter DNA methylation and gene expression, although genes involved tend to be critical for brain development and function. While remaining to be validated, such results argue that mechanisms beyond promoter DNA methylation must be involved in lasting gene expression alterations leading to behavioral deficits implicated in FASD. They may facilitate early and reliable diagnosis, as well as novel strategies for the amelioration of FASD-related deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiva M. Singh
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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He QL, Deng HS, Xu LS, Zhu JJ, Ni HD, Wang TT, Wang YG, Shen H, Pan H, Yao M. SAP102 contributes to hyperalgesia formation in the cancer induced bone pain rat model by anchoring NMDA receptors. Neurosci Lett 2020; 714:134595. [PMID: 31682872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of cancer induced bone pain (CIBP) is extremely complex, and glutamate receptor dysfunction plays an important role in the formation of CIBP. Synapse-associated protein 102 (SAP102) anchors glutamate receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. However, its effect on hyperalgesia formation in CIBP has not been clarified. This study investigated the role of SAP102 in the formation of hyperalgesia in rats with CIBP SAP102 is present in spinal dorsal horn neurons, but not in astrocytes or microglia. NMDAR-NR2B is localized with neurons. In addition, SAP102 and NMDAR-NR2B expression levels in spinal dorsal horn tissues were detected by Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation. Intrathecal injection of lentiviral vector of RNAi to knockdown SAP102 expression in the spinal dorsal horn significantly attenuated abnormal mechanic pain when compared to non-coding lentiviral vector. These findings indicate that SAP102 can anchor NMDA receptors to affect hyperalgesia formation in bone cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Li He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China
| | - Hou-Sheng Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chenzhou NO.1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, 423000, PR China
| | - Long-Sheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hua-Dong Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yun-Gong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412000, PR China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China
| | - Huan Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China.
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24
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Translating preclinical findings in clinically relevant new antipsychotic targets: focus on the glutamatergic postsynaptic density. Implications for treatment resistant schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:795-827. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Deng HS, Xu LS, Ni HD, Wang YG, Li HB, He QL, Xu M, Yao M. Phosphoproteomic profiling of oxycodone‑treated spinal cord of rats with cancer‑induced bone pain. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4695-4705. [PMID: 31702022 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of cancer‑induced bone pain (CIBP) is challenging in clinical settings. Oxycodone (OXY) is used to treat CIBP; however, a lack of understanding of the mechanisms underlying CIBP limits the application of OXY. In the present study, all rats were randomly divided into three groups: The sham group, the CIBP group, and the OXY group. Then, a rat model of CIBP was established by inoculation of Walker 256 tumor cells from rat tibia. Phosphoproteomic profiling of the OXY‑treated spinal dorsal cords of rats with CIBP was performed, and 1,679 phosphorylated proteins were identified, of which 160 proteins were significantly different between the CIBP and sham groups, and 113 proteins were significantly different between the CIBP and OXY groups. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these proteins mainly clustered as synaptic‑associated cellular components; among these, disks large homolog 3 expression was markedly increased in rats with CIBP and was reversed by OXY treatment. Subsequent domain analysis of the differential proteins revealed several significant synaptic‑associated domains. In conclusion, synaptic‑associated cellular components may be critical in OXY‑induced analgesia in rats with CIBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hou-Sheng Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Long-Sheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Dong Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Gong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Li He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
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26
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Liu J, Li P, Wang R, Li J, Zhang M, Song Z, Liu P. High expression of DLG3 is associated with decreased survival from breast cancer. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:937-943. [PMID: 31271664 PMCID: PMC6771499 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression or activity of proteins that regulate cell polarity can contribute to tumour progression. Discs large homolog (DLG) proteins play crucial roles in the maintenance of cell polarity and tissue morphogenesis. Previous studies of breast cancer patients showed that DLG3 had greater expression in the cancerous tissues than non‐cancerous tissues, but the relationship between DLG3 expression and breast cancer progression and prognosis is not clear. Here, we investigated the association of DLG3 expression with breast cancer progression and prognosis using data on clinicopathological parameters from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, with different clinicopathological parameters using ualcan and linkedomics, and with different stages and subtypes using immunohistochemical staining. The results indicated greater DLG3 expression in cancerous breast tissues than normal breast tissues and in luminal and Her2+ subtypes than in the triple‐negative subtype. DLG3 expression also had a positive correlation with pathologic stage and decreased survival rate. Our data suggest that DLG3 should be considered as a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumour Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumour Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumour Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumour Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumour Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhangjun Song
- Mammary Department, Tumour Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumour Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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27
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Hakanen J, Ruiz-Reig N, Tissir F. Linking Cell Polarity to Cortical Development and Malformations. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:244. [PMID: 31213986 PMCID: PMC6558068 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell polarity refers to the asymmetric distribution of signaling molecules, cellular organelles, and cytoskeleton in a cell. Neural progenitors and neurons are highly polarized cells in which the cell membrane and cytoplasmic components are compartmentalized into distinct functional domains in response to internal and external cues that coordinate polarity and behavior during development and disease. In neural progenitor cells, polarity has a prominent impact on cell shape and coordinate several processes such as adhesion, division, and fate determination. Polarity also accompanies a neuron from the beginning until the end of its life. It is essential for development and later functionality of neuronal circuitries. During development, polarity governs transitions between multipolar and bipolar during migration of postmitotic neurons, and directs the specification and directional growth of axons. Once reaching final positions in cortical layers, neurons form dendrites which become compartmentalized to ensure proper establishment of neuronal connections and signaling. Changes in neuronal polarity induce signaling cascades that regulate cytoskeletal changes, as well as mRNA, protein, and vesicle trafficking, required for synapses to form and function. Hence, defects in establishing and maintaining cell polarity are associated with several neural disorders such as microcephaly, lissencephaly, schizophrenia, autism, and epilepsy. In this review we summarize the role of polarity genes in cortical development and emphasize the relationship between polarity dysfunctions and cortical malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Hakanen
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nuria Ruiz-Reig
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fadel Tissir
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium
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28
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Bissen D, Foss F, Acker-Palmer A. AMPA receptors and their minions: auxiliary proteins in AMPA receptor trafficking. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2133-2169. [PMID: 30937469 PMCID: PMC6502786 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To correctly transfer information, neuronal networks need to continuously adjust their synaptic strength to extrinsic stimuli. This ability, termed synaptic plasticity, is at the heart of their function and is, thus, tightly regulated. In glutamatergic neurons, synaptic strength is controlled by the number and function of AMPA receptors at the postsynapse, which mediate most of the fast excitatory transmission in the central nervous system. Their trafficking to, at, and from the synapse, is, therefore, a key mechanism underlying synaptic plasticity. Intensive research over the last 20 years has revealed the increasing importance of interacting proteins, which accompany AMPA receptors throughout their lifetime and help to refine the temporal and spatial modulation of their trafficking and function. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the roles of key partners in regulating AMPA receptor trafficking and focus especially on the movement between the intracellular, extrasynaptic, and synaptic pools. We examine their involvement not only in basal synaptic function, but also in Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity. Included in our review are well-established AMPA receptor interactants such as GRIP1 and PICK1, the classical auxiliary subunits TARP and CNIH, and the newest additions to AMPA receptor native complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Bissen
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max von Laue Str. 4, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Franziska Foss
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Amparo Acker-Palmer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max von Laue Str. 4, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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29
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Bach A, Clausen BH, Kristensen LK, Andersen MG, Ellman DG, Hansen PB, Hasseldam H, Heitz M, Özcelik D, Tuck EJ, Kopanitsa MV, Grant SG, Lykke-Hartmann K, Johansen FF, Lambertsen KL, Strømgaard K. Selectivity, efficacy and toxicity studies of UCCB01-144, a dimeric neuroprotective PSD-95 inhibitor. Neuropharmacology 2019; 150:100-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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30
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An opposing function of paralogs in balancing developmental synapse maturation. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2006838. [PMID: 30586380 PMCID: PMC6324823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The disc-large (DLG)-membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family of proteins forms a central signaling hub of the glutamate receptor complex. Among this family, some proteins regulate developmental maturation of glutamatergic synapses, a process vulnerable to aberrations, which may lead to neurodevelopmental disorders. As is typical for paralogs, the DLG-MAGUK proteins postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 and PSD-93 share similar functional domains and were previously thought to regulate glutamatergic synapses similarly. Here, we show that they play opposing roles in glutamatergic synapse maturation. Specifically, PSD-95 promoted, whereas PSD-93 inhibited maturation of immature α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR)-silent synapses in mouse cortex during development. Furthermore, through experience-dependent regulation of its protein levels, PSD-93 directly inhibited PSD-95's promoting effect on silent synapse maturation in the visual cortex. The concerted function of these two paralogs governed the critical period of juvenile ocular dominance plasticity (jODP), and fine-tuned visual perception during development. In contrast to the silent synapse-based mechanism of adjusting visual perception, visual acuity improved by different mechanisms. Thus, by controlling the pace of silent synapse maturation, the opposing but properly balanced actions of PSD-93 and PSD-95 are essential for fine-tuning cortical networks for receptive field integration during developmental critical periods, and imply aberrations in either direction of this process as potential causes for neurodevelopmental disorders.
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31
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Grant SGN. Synapse molecular complexity and the plasticity behaviour problem. Brain Neurosci Adv 2018; 2:2398212818810685. [PMID: 32166154 PMCID: PMC7058196 DOI: 10.1177/2398212818810685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapses are the hallmark of brain complexity and have long been thought of as simple connectors between neurons. We are now in an era in which we know the full complement of synapse proteins and this has created an existential crisis because the molecular complexity far exceeds the requirements of most simple models of synaptic function. Studies of the organisation of proteome complexity and its evolution provide surprising new insights that challenge existing dogma and promote the development of new theories about the origins and role of synapses in behaviour. The postsynaptic proteome of excitatory synapses is a structure with high molecular complexity and sophisticated computational properties that is disrupted in over 130 brain diseases. A key goal of 21st-century neuroscience is to develop comprehensive molecular datasets on the brain and develop theories that explain the molecular basis of behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth G N Grant
- Genes to Cognition Programme, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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32
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Liu M, Shi R, Hwang H, Han KS, Wong MH, Ren X, Lewis LD, Brown EN, Xu W. SAP102 regulates synaptic AMPAR function through a CNIH-2-dependent mechanism. J Neurophysiol 2018; 120:1578-1586. [PMID: 30067114 PMCID: PMC6230800 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00731.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The postsynaptic density (PSD)-95-like, disk-large (DLG) membrane-associated guanylate kinase (PSD/DLG-MAGUK) family of proteins scaffold α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) complexes to the postsynaptic compartment and are postulated to orchestrate activity-dependent modulation of synaptic AMPAR functions. SAP102 is a key member of this family, present from early development, before PSD-95 and PSD-93, and throughout life. Here we investigate the role of SAP102 in synaptic transmission using a cell-restricted molecular replacement strategy, where SAP102 is expressed against the background of acute knockdown of endogenous PSD-95. We show that SAP102 rescues the decrease of AMPAR-mediated evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (AMPAR eEPSCs) and AMPAR miniature EPSC (AMPAR mEPSC) frequency caused by acute knockdown of PSD-95. Further analysis of the mini events revealed that PSD-95-to-SAP102 replacement but not direct manipulation of PSD-95 increases the AMPAR mEPSC decay time. SAP102-mediated rescue of AMPAR eEPSCs requires AMPAR auxiliary subunit cornichon-2, whereas cornichon-2 knockdown did not affect PSD-95-mediated regulation of AMPAR eEPSC. Combining these observations, our data elucidate that PSD-95 and SAP102 differentially influence basic synaptic properties and synaptic current kinetics potentially via different AMPAR auxiliary subunits. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Synaptic scaffold proteins postsynaptic density (PSD)-95-like, disk-large (DLG) membrane-associated guanylate kinase (PSD-MAGUKs) regulate synaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) function. However, the functional diversity among different PSD-MAGUKs remains to be categorized. We show that distinct from PSD-95, SAP102 increase the AMPAR synaptic current decay time, and the effect of SAP102 on synaptic AMPAR function requires the AMPAR auxiliary subunit cornichon-2. Our data suggest that PSD-MAGUKs target and modulate different AMPAR complexes to exert specific experience-dependent modification of the excitatory circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingna Liu
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca Shi
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hongik Hwang
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kyung Seok Han
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Man Ho Wong
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaobai Ren
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Laura D Lewis
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- MIT-Harvard Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Emery N Brown
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- MIT-Harvard Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
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33
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Delgado JY, Fink AE, Grant SGN, O'Dell TJ, Opazo P. Rapid homeostatic downregulation of LTP by extrasynaptic GluN2B receptors. J Neurophysiol 2018; 120:2351-2357. [PMID: 30110236 PMCID: PMC6295522 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00421.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the activation of extrasynaptic GluN2B-containing N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease, their physiological function remains unknown. In this study, we found that extrasynaptic GluN2B receptors play a homeostatic role by antagonizing long-term potentiation (LTP) induction under conditions of prolonged synaptic stimulation. In particular, we have previously found that brief theta-pulse stimulation (5 Hz for 30 s) triggers robust LTP, whereas longer stimulation times (5 Hz for 3 min) have no effect on basal synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 region. Here, we show that prolonged stimulation blocked LTP by activating extrasynaptic GluN2B receptors via glutamate spillover. In addition, we found that this homeostatic mechanism was absent in slices from the SAP102 knockout, providing evidence for a functional coupling between extrasynaptic GluN2B and the SAP102 scaffold protein. In conclusion, we uncovered a rapid homeostatic mechanism that antagonizes LTP induction via the activation of extrasynaptic GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although long-term potentiation (LTP) is an attractive model for memory storage, it tends to destabilize neuronal circuits because it drives synapses toward a maximum value. Unless opposed by homeostatic mechanisms operating through negative feedback rules, cumulative LTP could render synapses unable to encode additional information. In this study, we uncovered a rapid homeostatic mechanism that antagonizes LTP induction under conditions of prolonged synaptic stimulation via the activation of an extrasynaptic GluN2B-SAP102 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jary Y Delgado
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ann E Fink
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Seth G N Grant
- Genes to Cognition Programme, Centre for Clinical Brain Science, Edinburgh University , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J O'Dell
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Patricio Opazo
- Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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34
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Zhu F, Cizeron M, Qiu Z, Benavides-Piccione R, Kopanitsa MV, Skene NG, Koniaris B, DeFelipe J, Fransén E, Komiyama NH, Grant SGN. Architecture of the Mouse Brain Synaptome. Neuron 2018; 99:781-799.e10. [PMID: 30078578 PMCID: PMC6117470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synapses are found in vast numbers in the brain and contain complex proteomes. We developed genetic labeling and imaging methods to examine synaptic proteins in individual excitatory synapses across all regions of the mouse brain. Synapse catalogs were generated from the molecular and morphological features of a billion synapses. Each synapse subtype showed a unique anatomical distribution, and each brain region showed a distinct signature of synapse subtypes. Whole-brain synaptome cartography revealed spatial architecture from dendritic to global systems levels and previously unknown anatomical features. Synaptome mapping of circuits showed correspondence between synapse diversity and structural and functional connectomes. Behaviorally relevant patterns of neuronal activity trigger spatiotemporal postsynaptic responses sensitive to the structure of synaptome maps. Areas controlling higher cognitive function contain the greatest synapse diversity, and mutations causing cognitive disorders reorganized synaptome maps. Synaptome technology and resources have wide-ranging application in studies of the normal and diseased brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhu
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK
| | - Mélissa Cizeron
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR-5310, INSERM U-1217, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Ruth Benavides-Piccione
- Instituto Cajal (CSIC) 28002 Madrid, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (UPM) 28223 Madrid; CIBERNED, ISCIII, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maksym V Kopanitsa
- Synome Ltd, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Nathan G Skene
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, WC1N 3BG London, UK; Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Babis Koniaris
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Javier DeFelipe
- Instituto Cajal (CSIC) 28002 Madrid, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (UPM) 28223 Madrid; CIBERNED, ISCIII, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Erik Fransén
- Department of Computational Science and Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noboru H Komiyama
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Seth G N Grant
- Genes to Cognition Program, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK.
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Hapak SM, Rothlin CV, Ghosh S. PAR3-PAR6-atypical PKC polarity complex proteins in neuronal polarization. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2735-2761. [PMID: 29696344 PMCID: PMC11105418 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2828-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polarity is a fundamental feature of cells. Protein complexes, including the PAR3-PAR6-aPKC complex, have conserved roles in establishing polarity across a number of eukaryotic cell types. In neurons, polarity is evident as distinct axonal versus dendritic domains. The PAR3, PAR6, and aPKC proteins also play important roles in neuronal polarization. During this process, either aPKC kinase activity, the assembly of the PAR3-PAR6-aPKC complex or the localization of these proteins is regulated downstream of a number of signaling pathways. In turn, the PAR3, PAR6, and aPKC proteins control various effector molecules to establish neuronal polarity. Herein, we discuss the many signaling mechanisms and effector functions that have been linked to PAR3, PAR6, and aPKC during the establishment of neuronal polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M Hapak
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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Gupta P, Uner OE, Nayak S, Grant GR, Kalb RG. SAP97 regulates behavior and expression of schizophrenia risk enriched gene sets in mouse hippocampus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200477. [PMID: 29995933 PMCID: PMC6040763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapse associated protein of 97KDa (SAP97) belongs to a family of scaffolding proteins, the membrane-associated guanylate kinases (MAGUKs), that are highly enriched in the postsynaptic density of synapses and play an important role in organizing protein complexes necessary for synaptic development and plasticity. The Dlg-MAGUK family of proteins are structurally very similar, and an effort has been made to parse apart the unique function of each Dlg-MAGUK protein by characterization of knockout mice. Knockout mice have been generated and characterized for PSD-95, PSD-93, and SAP102, however SAP97 knockout mice have been impossible to study because the SAP97 null mice die soon after birth due to a craniofacial defect. We studied the transcriptomic and behavioral consequences of a brain-specific conditional knockout of SAP97 (SAP97-cKO). RNA sequencing from hippocampi from control and SAP97-cKO male animals identified 67 SAP97 regulated transcripts. As large-scale genetic studies have implicated MAGUKs in neuropsychiatric disorders such as intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia (SCZ), we analyzed our differentially expressed gene (DEG) set for enrichment of disease risk-associated genes, and found our DEG set to be specifically enriched for SCZ-related genes. Subjecting SAP97-cKO mice to a battery of behavioral tests revealed a subtle male-specific cognitive deficit and female-specific motor deficit, while other behaviors were largely unaffected. These data suggest that loss of SAP97 may have a modest contribution to organismal behavior. The SAP97-cKO mouse serves as a stepping stone for understanding the unique role of SAP97 in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetika Gupta
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ogul E. Uner
- School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Soumyashant Nayak
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gregory R. Grant
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert G. Kalb
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Soler J, Fañanás L, Parellada M, Krebs MO, Rouleau GA, Fatjó-Vilas M. Genetic variability in scaffolding proteins and risk for schizophrenia and autism-spectrum disorders: a systematic review. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2018; 43:223-244. [PMID: 29947605 PMCID: PMC6019351 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.170066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffolding proteins represent an evolutionary solution to controlling the specificity of information transfer in intracellular networks. They are highly concentrated in complexes located in specific subcellular locations. One of these complexes is the postsynaptic density of the excitatory synapses. There, scaffolding proteins regulate various processes related to synaptic plasticity, such as glutamate receptor trafficking and signalling, and dendritic structure and function. Most scaffolding proteins can be grouped into 4 main families: discs large (DLG), discs-large-associated protein (DLGAP), Shank and Homer. Owing to the importance of scaffolding proteins in postsynaptic density architecture, it is not surprising that variants in the genes that code for these proteins have been associated with neuropsychiatric diagnoses, including schizophrenia and autism-spectrum disorders. Such evidence, together with the clinical, neurobiological and genetic overlap described between schizophrenia and autism-spectrum disorders, suggest that alteration of scaffolding protein dynamics could be part of the pathophysiology of both. However, despite the potential importance of scaffolding proteins in these psychiatric conditions, no systematic review has integrated the genetic and molecular data from studies conducted in the last decade. This review has the following goals: to systematically analyze the literature in which common and/or rare genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms, single nucleotide variants and copy number variants) in the scaffolding family genes are associated with the risk for either schizophrenia or autism-spectrum disorders; to explore the implications of the reported genetic variants for gene expression and/or protein function; and to discuss the relationship of these genetic variants to the shared genetic, clinical and cognitive traits of schizophrenia and autism-spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Soler
- From the Secció Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Dept Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Fatjó-Vilas); the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Parellada, Fatjó-Vilas); Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (Parellada); the Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France (Krebs); the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Paris, France (Krebs); the CNRS, GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Krebs); the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC (Rouleau); and the FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain (Fatjó-Vilas)
| | - Lourdes Fañanás
- From the Secció Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Dept Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Fatjó-Vilas); the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Parellada, Fatjó-Vilas); Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (Parellada); the Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France (Krebs); the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Paris, France (Krebs); the CNRS, GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Krebs); the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC (Rouleau); and the FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain (Fatjó-Vilas)
| | - Mara Parellada
- From the Secció Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Dept Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Fatjó-Vilas); the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Parellada, Fatjó-Vilas); Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (Parellada); the Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France (Krebs); the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Paris, France (Krebs); the CNRS, GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Krebs); the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC (Rouleau); and the FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain (Fatjó-Vilas)
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- From the Secció Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Dept Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Fatjó-Vilas); the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Parellada, Fatjó-Vilas); Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (Parellada); the Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France (Krebs); the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Paris, France (Krebs); the CNRS, GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Krebs); the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC (Rouleau); and the FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain (Fatjó-Vilas)
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- From the Secció Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Dept Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Fatjó-Vilas); the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Parellada, Fatjó-Vilas); Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (Parellada); the Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France (Krebs); the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Paris, France (Krebs); the CNRS, GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Krebs); the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC (Rouleau); and the FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain (Fatjó-Vilas)
| | - Mar Fatjó-Vilas
- From the Secció Zoologia i Antropologia Biològica, Dept Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Fatjó-Vilas); the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Soler, Fañanás, Parellada, Fatjó-Vilas); Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (Parellada); the Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France (Krebs); the Université Paris Descartes, Inserm Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Paris, France (Krebs); the CNRS, GDR 3557, Institut de Psychiatrie, Paris, France (Krebs); the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC (Rouleau); and the FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain (Fatjó-Vilas)
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Luo J, Norris RH, Gordon SL, Nithianantharajah J. Neurodevelopmental synaptopathies: Insights from behaviour in rodent models of synapse gene mutations. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:424-439. [PMID: 29217145 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The genomic revolution has begun to unveil the enormous complexity and heterogeneity of the genetic basis of neurodevelopmental disorders such as such epilepsy, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Increasingly, human mutations in synapse genes are being identified across these disorders. These neurodevelopmental synaptopathies highlight synaptic homeostasis pathways as a convergence point underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we review some of the key pre- and postsynaptic genes in which penetrant human mutations have been identified in neurodevelopmental disorders for which genetic rodent models have been generated. Specifically, we focus on the main behavioural phenotypes that have been documented in these animal models, to consolidate our current understanding of how synapse genes regulate key behavioural and cognitive domains. These studies provide insights into better understanding the basis of the overlapping genetic and cognitive heterogeneity observed in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - R H Norris
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - S L Gordon
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - J Nithianantharajah
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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Saito Y, Desai RR, Muthuswamy SK. Reinterpreting polarity and cancer: The changing landscape from tumor suppression to tumor promotion. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:103-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Su D, Liu H, Liu T, Zhang X, Yang W, Song Y, Liu J, Wu Y, Chang L. Dynamic SAP102 expression in the hippocampal subregions of rats and APP/PS1 mice of various ages. J Anat 2018; 232:987-996. [PMID: 29574717 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a structurally and functionally complex brain area that plays important and diverse roles in higher brain functions, such as learning and memory, and mounting evidence indicates that different hippocampal subregions play distinctive roles. The hippocampus is also one of the first regions in the brain to suffer damage in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus, rather than neuronal loss per se, is paralleled by behavioural and functional deficits in AD. The membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family of proteins, including SAP102, PSD-95, PSD-93 and SAP97, have long been recognized as essential components of the postsynaptic density (PSD) at excitatory synapses. Hippocampal spines are the predominant synaptic transmission sites of excitatory glutamatergic synapses. During postnatal brain development, individual MAGUK members show distinct expression patterns. Although SAP102 has been confirmed as the dominant scaffold protein in neonatal synapses, its expression profiles in adult and ageing rodent hippocampi are discrepant. Furthermore, in AD brains, significantly reduced SAP102 protein levels have been found, suggesting that SAP102 may be related to AD progression; however, the precise mechanism underlying this result remains unclear. Herein, we observed distinct SAP102 expression profiles in the hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG subregions of rats and APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice at various ages using immunofluorescence. In Wistar rats, SAP102 was not only highly expressed in the hippocampal subregions of neonatal rats but also maintained relatively high expression levels in adult hippocampi and displayed no obvious decreases in the CA1 and DG subregions of aged rats. Surprisingly, we observed abnormally high SAP102 expression levels in the CA1 stratum moleculare and CA3 stratum polymorphum subregions of 2-month-old APP/PS1 mice, but low SAP102 levels in the DG and CA3 subregions of 7-month-old APP/PS1 mice, reflecting the subregion-specific reactivity and vulnerability of AD mouse models in different disease stages. Our findings provide fundamental data to support the functional differences of SAP102 in different hippocampal subregions during postnatal periods and may serve as the basis for additional functional studies on SAP102 in normal physiological conditions and different stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Su
- Department of Neurology, Centre for Neurodegenerative Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Centre for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianrong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Centre for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lirong Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Long-Term Neuroinflammation Induced by Influenza A Virus Infection and the Impact on Hippocampal Neuron Morphology and Function. J Neurosci 2018; 38:3060-3080. [PMID: 29487124 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1740-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute influenza infection has been reported to be associated with neurological symptoms. However, the long-term consequences of an infection with neurotropic and non-neurotropic influenza A virus (IAV) variants for the CNS remain elusive. We can show that spine loss in the hippocampus after infection with neurotropic H7N7 (rSC35M) and non-neurotropic H3N2 (maHK68) in female C57BL/6 mice persists well beyond the acute phase of the disease. Although spine number was significantly reduced at 30 d postinfection (dpi) with H7N7 or H3N2, full recovery could only be observed much later at 120 dpi. Infection with H1N1 virus, which was shown previously to affect spine number and hippocampus-dependent learning acutely, had no significant long-term effects. Spine loss was associated with an increase in the number of activated microglia, reduced long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, and impairment in spatial memory formation, indicating that IAV-associated inflammation induced functional and structural alterations in hippocampal networks. Transcriptome analyses revealed regulation of many inflammatory and neuron- and glia-specific genes in H3N2- and H7N7-infected mice at day 18 and in H7N7-infected mice at day 30 pi that related to the structural and functional alterations. Our data provide evidence that neuroinflammation induced by neurotropic H7N7 and infection of the lung with a non-neurotropic H3N2 IAV result in long-term impairments in the CNS. IAV infection in humans may therefore not only lead to short-term responses in infected organs, but may also trigger neuroinflammation and associated chronic alterations in the CNS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In the acute phase of influenza infection, neuroinflammation can lead to alterations in hippocampal neuronal morphology and cognitive deficits. The results of this study now also provide evidence that neuroinflammation induced by influenza A virus (IAV) infection can induce longer-lasting, virus-specific alterations in neuronal connectivity that are still detectable 1 month after infection and are associated with impairments in spatial memory formation. IAV infection in humans may therefore not only lead to short-term responses in infected organs, but may also trigger neuroinflammation and associated chronic alterations in the CNS.
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Wei Z, Wu G, Chen BS. Regulation of SAP102 Synaptic Targeting by Phosphorylation. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:6215-6226. [PMID: 29282697 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synapse-associated protein 102 (SAP102) is a scaffolding protein highly expressed early in development and plays a critical role in mediating glutamate receptor trafficking during synaptogenesis. Mutations in human SAP102 have been reported to cause intellectual disability, which is thought to be due to mislocalization of the mutant protein. However, little is known about the regulation of SAP102 synaptic targeting. Here, we investigate the role of phosphorylation of SAP102 in regulating its synaptic targeting. Previous studies have shown that synaptic targeting of SAP102 is regulated by C-terminal splicing. We now identify a phosphorylation site, serine 632, within the C-terminal alternatively spliced region, which is phosphorylated by casein kinase II (CK2). We show that Ser632 on SAP102 is phosphorylated in vitro, in heterologous cells, and in neurons. Moreover, we demonstrate that synaptic enrichment of SAP102 is increased by Ser632 phosphorylation. Consistently, elevation of synaptic activity that suppresses Ser632 phosphorylation reduces synaptic enrichment of SAP102. Furthermore, the mobility of SAP102 is decreased by Ser632 phosphorylation. Therefore, not only SAP102 synaptic targeting but also its mobility is regulated by Ser632 phosphorylation. These data provide evidence for a novel mechanism in regulating SAP102 function and glutamate receptor trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wei
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, CA3008, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Guangyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Bo-Shiun Chen
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, CA3008, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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Milgrom-Hoffman M, Humbert PO. Regulation of cellular and PCP signalling by the Scribble polarity module. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 81:33-45. [PMID: 29154823 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Since the first identification of the Scribble polarity module proteins as a new class of tumour suppressors that regulate both cell polarity and proliferation, an increasing amount of evidence has uncovered a broader role for Scribble, Dlg and Lgl in the control of fundamental cellular functions and their signalling pathways. Here, we review these findings as well as discuss more specifically the role of the Scribble module in PCP signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Milgrom-Hoffman
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Patrick O Humbert
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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44
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Gieldon L, Mackenroth L, Betcheva-Krajcir E, Rump A, Beck-Wödl S, Schallner J, Di Donato N, Schröck E, Tzschach A. Skewed X-inactivation in a family with DLG3-
associated X-linked intellectual disability. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:2545-2550. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gieldon
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Luisa Mackenroth
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Elitza Betcheva-Krajcir
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Andreas Rump
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Stefanie Beck-Wödl
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Angewandte Genomik; Universitätsklinikum Tübingen; Tübingen
| | - Jens Schallner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin; Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus; Dresden Germany
| | - Nataliya Di Donato
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Evelin Schröck
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
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45
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Spatiotemporal profile of postsynaptic interactomes integrates components of complex brain disorders. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1150-1161. [PMID: 28671696 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The postsynaptic density (PSD) contains a collection of scaffold proteins used for assembling synaptic signaling complexes. However, it is not known how the core-scaffold machinery associates in protein-interaction networks or how proteins encoded by genes involved in complex brain disorders are distributed through spatiotemporal protein complexes. Here using immunopurification, proteomics and bioinformatics, we isolated 2,876 proteins across 41 in vivo interactomes and determined their protein domain composition, correlation to gene expression levels and developmental integration to the PSD. We defined clusters for enrichment of schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, developmental delay and intellectual disability risk factors at embryonic day 14 and adult PSD in mice. Mutations in highly connected nodes alter protein-protein interactions modulating macromolecular complexes enriched in disease risk candidates. These results were integrated into a software platform, Synaptic Protein/Pathways Resource (SyPPRes), enabling the prioritization of disease risk factors and their placement within synaptic protein interaction networks.
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46
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van de Lagemaat LN, Stanford LE, Pettit CM, Strathdee DJ, Strathdee KE, Elsegood KA, Fricker DG, Croning MDR, Komiyama NH, Grant SGN. Standardized experiments in mutant mice reveal behavioural similarity on 129S5 and C57BL/6J backgrounds. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 16:409-418. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. N. van de Lagemaat
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - L. E. Stanford
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - C. M. Pettit
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - D. J. Strathdee
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
- Transgenic Technology Division; CRUK Beatson Institute; Glasgow UK
| | - K. E. Strathdee
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - K. A. Elsegood
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - D. G. Fricker
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - M. D. R. Croning
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - N. H. Komiyama
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
| | - S. G. N. Grant
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Chancellor's Building; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Genes to Cognition Programme; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cambridge UK
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47
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Shukla A, Beroun A, Panopoulou M, Neumann PA, Grant SG, Olive MF, Dong Y, Schlüter OM. Calcium-permeable AMPA receptors and silent synapses in cocaine-conditioned place preference. EMBO J 2017; 36:458-474. [PMID: 28077487 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201695465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cocaine generates silent synapses in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), whose eventual unsilencing/maturation by recruitment of calcium-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptors (CP-AMPARs) after drug withdrawal results in profound remodeling of NAc neuro-circuits. Silent synapse-based NAc remodeling was shown to be critical for several drug-induced behaviors, but its role in acquisition and retention of the association between drug rewarding effects and drug-associated contexts has remained unclear. Here, we find that the postsynaptic proteins PSD-93, PSD-95, and SAP102 differentially regulate excitatory synapse properties in the NAc. Mice deficient for either of these scaffold proteins exhibit distinct maturation patterns of silent synapses and thus provided instructive animal models to examine the role of NAc silent synapse maturation in cocaine-conditioned place preference (CPP). Wild-type and knockout mice alike all acquired cocaine-CPP and exhibited increased levels of silent synapses after drug-context conditioning. However, the mice differed in CPP retention and CP-AMPAR incorporation. Collectively, our results indicate that CP-AMPAR-mediated maturation of silent synapses in the NAc is a signature of drug-context association, but this maturation is not required for establishing or retaining cocaine-CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avani Shukla
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain", University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences and Molecular Biosciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna Beroun
- Cluster of Excellence "Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain", University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Myrto Panopoulou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain", University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences and Molecular Biosciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter A Neumann
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Seth Gn Grant
- Genes to Cognition Programme, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Foster Olive
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Oliver M Schlüter
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA .,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain", University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
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48
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Vila A, Whitaker CM, O'Brien J. Membrane-associated guanylate kinase scaffolds organize a horizontal cell synaptic complex restricted to invaginating contacts with photoreceptors. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:850-867. [PMID: 27558197 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic processes and plasticity of synapses are mediated by large suites of proteins. In most cases, many of these proteins are tethered together by synaptic scaffold proteins. Scaffold proteins have a large number and typically a variety of protein interaction domains that allow many different proteins to be assembled into functional complexes. Because each scaffold protein has a different set of protein interaction domains and a unique set of interacting partners, the presence of synaptic scaffolds can provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate synaptic processes. In studies of rabbit retina, we found SAP102 and Chapsyn110 selectively localized in the tips of B-type horizontal cell processes, where they contact cone and rod photoreceptors. We further identified some known SAP102 binding partners, kainate receptor GluR6/7 and inward rectifier potassium channel Kir2.1, closely associated with SAP102 in photoreceptor invaginations. The kainate receptor occupies a position distinct from that of the majority of AMPA receptors that dominate the horizontal cell postsynaptic response. GluR6/7 and Kir2.1 presumably are involved in synaptic processes that govern cell-to-cell communication and could both contribute in different ways to synaptic currents that mediate feedback signaling. Notably, we failed to find evidence for the presence of Cx57 or Cx59 that might be involved in ephaptic feedback signaling in this complex. The presence of SAP102 and its binding partners in both cone and rod invaginating synapses suggests that whatever mechanism is supported by this protein complex is present in both types of photoreceptors. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:850-867, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Vila
- Richard S. Ruiz M.D. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030.,University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - Christopher M Whitaker
- Richard S. Ruiz M.D. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030
| | - John O'Brien
- Richard S. Ruiz M.D. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030.,University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030
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49
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Crocker-Buque A, Currie SP, Luz LL, Grant SG, Duffy KR, Kind PC, Daw MI. Altered thalamocortical development in the SAP102 knockout model of intellectual disability. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4052-4061. [PMID: 27466188 PMCID: PMC5291236 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations known to cause intellectual disabilities (IDs) are concentrated in specific sets of genes including both those encoding synaptic proteins and those expressed during early development. We have characterized the effect of genetic deletion of Dlg3, an ID-related gene encoding the synaptic NMDA-receptor interacting protein synapse-associated protein 102 (SAP102), on development of the mouse somatosensory cortex. SAP102 is the main representative of the PSD-95 family of postsynaptic MAGUK proteins during early development and is proposed to play a role in stabilizing receptors at immature synapses. Genetic deletion of SAP102 caused a reduction in the total number of thalamocortical (TC) axons innervating the somatosensory cortex, but did not affect the segregation of barrels. On a synaptic level SAP102 knockout mice display a transient speeding of NMDA receptor kinetics during the critical period for TC plasticity, despite no reduction in GluN2B-mediated component of synaptic transmission. These data indicated an interesting dissociation between receptor kinetics and NMDA subunit expression. Following the critical period NMDA receptor function was unaffected by loss of SAP102 but there was a reduction in the divergence of TC connectivity. These data suggest that changes in synaptic function early in development caused by mutations in SAP102 result in changes in network connectivity later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Crocker-Buque
- Centre for Integrative Physiology and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Stephen P Currie
- Centre for Integrative Physiology and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Liliana L Luz
- Centre for Integrative Physiology and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Seth G Grant
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Kevin R Duffy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Peter C Kind
- Centre for Integrative Physiology and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK .,Centre for Brain Development and Repair, InStem, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Michael I Daw
- Centre for Integrative Physiology and Patrick Wild Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
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50
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Kumar R, Ha T, Pham D, Shaw M, Mangelsdorf M, Friend KL, Hobson L, Turner G, Boyle J, Field M, Hackett A, Corbett M, Gecz J. A non-coding variant in the 5' UTR of DLG3 attenuates protein translation to cause non-syndromic intellectual disability. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 24:1612-1616. [PMID: 27222290 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a clinically complex and heterogeneous disorder, which has variable severity and may be associated with additional dysmorphic, metabolic, neuromuscular or psychiatric features. Although many coding variants have been implicated in ID, identification of pathogenic non-coding regulatory variants has only been achieved in a few cases to date. We identified a duplication of a guanine on chromosome X, NC_000023.10:g.69665044dupG 7 nucleotides upstream of the translational start site in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the known ID gene DLG3 that encodes synapse-associated protein 102 (SAP102). The dupG variant segregated with affected status in a large multigenerational family with non-syndromic X-linked ID and was predicted to disrupt folding of the mRNA. When tested on blood cells from the affected individuals, DLG3 mRNA levels were not altered, however, DLG3/SAP102 protein levels were. We also showed by dual luciferase reporter assay that the dupG variant interfered with translation. All currently known pathogenic DLG3 variants are predicted to be null, however the dupG variant likely leads to only a modest reduction of SAP102 levels accounting for the milder phenotype seen in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Kumar
- School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Thuong Ha
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Duyen Pham
- School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Marie Shaw
- School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Marie Mangelsdorf
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn L Friend
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lynne Hobson
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gillian Turner
- The GOLD service Hunter Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jackie Boyle
- The GOLD service Hunter Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Field
- The GOLD service Hunter Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Hackett
- The GOLD service Hunter Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark Corbett
- School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jozef Gecz
- School of Medicine and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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