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Falaki A, Quessy S, Dancause N. Differential Modulation of Local Field Potentials in the Primary and Premotor Cortices during Ipsilateral and Contralateral Reach to Grasp in Macaque Monkeys. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1161232024. [PMID: 38589229 PMCID: PMC11112639 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1161-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hand movements are associated with modulations of neuronal activity across several interconnected cortical areas, including the primary motor cortex (M1) and the dorsal and ventral premotor cortices (PMd and PMv). Local field potentials (LFPs) provide a link between neuronal discharges and synaptic inputs. Our current understanding of how LFPs vary in M1, PMd, and PMv during contralateral and ipsilateral movements is incomplete. To help reveal unique features in the pattern of modulations, we simultaneously recorded LFPs in these areas in two macaque monkeys performing reach and grasp movements with either the right or left hand. The greatest effector-dependent differences were seen in M1, at low (≤13 Hz) and γ frequencies. In premotor areas, differences related to hand use were only present in low frequencies. PMv exhibited the greatest increase in low frequencies during instruction cues and the smallest effector-dependent modulation during movement execution. In PMd, δ oscillations were greater during contralateral reach and grasp, and β activity increased during contralateral grasp. In contrast, β oscillations decreased in M1 and PMv. These results suggest that while M1 primarily exhibits effector-specific LFP activity, premotor areas compute more effector-independent aspects of the task requirements, particularly during movement preparation for PMv and production for PMd. The generation of precise hand movements likely relies on the combination of complementary information contained in the unique pattern of neural modulations contained in each cortical area. Accordingly, integrating LFPs from premotor areas and M1 could enhance the performance and robustness of brain-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Falaki
- Département de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Stephan Quessy
- Département de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Numa Dancause
- Département de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Center interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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2
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Dreyer AM, Michalke L, Perry A, Chang EF, Lin JJ, Knight RT, Rieger JW. Grasp-specific high-frequency broadband mirror neuron activity during reach-and-grasp movements in humans. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:6291-6298. [PMID: 36562997 PMCID: PMC10183732 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Broadly congruent mirror neurons, responding to any grasp movement, and strictly congruent mirror neurons, responding only to specific grasp movements, have been reported in single-cell studies with primates. Delineating grasp properties in humans is essential to understand the human mirror neuron system with implications for behavior and social cognition. We analyzed electrocorticography data from a natural reach-and-grasp movement observation and delayed imitation task with 3 different natural grasp types of everyday objects. We focused on the classification of grasp types from high-frequency broadband mirror activation patterns found in classic mirror system areas, including sensorimotor, supplementary motor, inferior frontal, and parietal cortices. Classification of grasp types was successful during movement observation and execution intervals but not during movement retention. Our grasp type classification from combined and single mirror electrodes provides evidence for grasp-congruent activity in the human mirror neuron system potentially arising from strictly congruent mirror neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Dreyer
- Department of Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
| | - Leo Michalke
- Department of Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
| | - Anat Perry
- Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel
| | - Edward F Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Jack J Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, United States
| | - Robert T Knight
- Department of Psychology and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Jochem W Rieger
- Department of Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
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3
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Ninomiya T, Noritake A, Tatsumoto S, Go Y, Isoda M. Cognitive genomics of learning delay and low level of social performance monitoring in macaque. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16539. [PMID: 36192455 PMCID: PMC9529886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive skills and the underlying neural architecture are under the influence of genetics. Cognitive genomics research explores the triadic relationship between genes, brain, and cognition, with its major strategy being genotype-driven. Here we show that an inverse strategy is feasible to identify novel candidate genes for particular neuro-cognitive phenotypes in macaques. Two monkeys, originally involved in separate psychological studies, exhibited learning delay and low levels of social performance monitoring. In one monkey, mirror neurons were fewer compared to controls and mu suppression was absent in the frontal cortex. The other monkey showed heightened visual responsiveness in both frontal cortex and dopamine-rich midbrain, with a lack of inter-areal synchronization. Exome analyses revealed that the two monkeys were most likely cousins and shared variants in MAP2, APOC1, and potentially HTR2C. This phenotype-driven strategy in cognitive genomics provides a useful means to clarify the genetic basis of phenotypic variation and develop macaque models of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taihei Ninomiya
- Division of Behavioral Development, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, 240-0193, Japan
| | - Atsushi Noritake
- Division of Behavioral Development, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, 240-0193, Japan
| | - Shoji Tatsumoto
- Cognitive Genomics Research Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Go
- Division of Behavioral Development, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, 240-0193, Japan.,Cognitive Genomics Research Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki Isoda
- Division of Behavioral Development, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan. .,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, 240-0193, Japan.
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4
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Mirfathollahi A, Ghodrati MT, Shalchyan V, Daliri MR. Decoding locomotion speed and slope from local field potentials of rat motor cortex. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 223:106961. [PMID: 35759821 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Local Field Potentials (LFPs) recorded from the primary motor cortex (M1) have been shown to be very informative for decoding movement parameters, and these signals can be used to decode forelimb kinematic and kinetic parameters accurately. Although locomotion is one of the most basic and important motor abilities of humans and animals, the potential of LFPs in decoding abstract hindlimb locomotor parameters has not been investigated. This study investigates the feasibility of decoding speed and slope of locomotion, as two important abstract parameters of walking, using the LFP signals. METHODS Rats were trained to walk smoothly on a treadmill with different speeds and slopes. The brain signals were recorded using the microwire arrays chronically implanted in the hindlimb area of M1 while rats walked on the treadmill. LFP channels were spatially filtered using optimal common spatial patterns to increase the discriminability of speeds and slopes of locomotion. Logarithmic wavelet band powers were extracted as basic features, and the best features were selected using the statistical dependency criterion before classification. RESULTS Using 5 s LFP trials, the average classification accuracies of four different speeds and seven different slopes reached 90.8% and 86.82%, respectively. The high-frequency LFP band (250-500 Hz) was the most informative band about these parameters and contributed more than other frequency bands in the final decoder model. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the LFP signals in M1 accurately decode locomotion speed and slope, which can be considered as abstract walking parameters needed for designing long-term brain-computer interfaces for hindlimb locomotion control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alavie Mirfathollahi
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran; Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Pardis 16583-44575, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Ghodrati
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Vahid Shalchyan
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Daliri
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
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5
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Kilteni K, Engeler P, Boberg I, Maurex L, Ehrsson HH. No evidence for somatosensory attenuation during action observation of self-touch. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:6422-6444. [PMID: 34463971 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of mirror neurons in the macaque brain in the 1990s triggered investigations on putative human mirror neurons and their potential functionality. The leading proposed function has been action understanding: Accordingly, we understand the actions of others by 'simulating' them in our own motor system through a direct matching of the visual information to our own motor programmes. Furthermore, it has been proposed that this simulation involves the prediction of the sensory consequences of the observed action, similar to the prediction of the sensory consequences of our executed actions. Here, we tested this proposal by quantifying somatosensory attenuation behaviourally during action observation. Somatosensory attenuation manifests during voluntary action and refers to the perception of self-generated touches as less intense than identical externally generated touches because the self-generated touches are predicted from the motor command. Therefore, we reasoned that if an observer simulates the observed action and, thus, he/she predicts its somatosensory consequences, then he/she should attenuate tactile stimuli simultaneously delivered to his/her corresponding body part. In three separate experiments, we found a systematic attenuation of touches during executed self-touch actions, but we found no evidence for attenuation when such actions were observed. Failure to observe somatosensory attenuation during observation of self-touch is not compatible with the hypothesis that the putative human mirror neuron system automatically predicts the sensory consequences of the observed action. In contrast, our findings emphasize a sharp distinction between the motor representations of self and others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Engeler
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ida Boberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linnea Maurex
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Henrik Ehrsson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Isoda M. The Role of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Moderating Neural Representations of Self and Other in Primates. Annu Rev Neurosci 2021; 44:295-313. [PMID: 33752448 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-101420-011820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As a frontal node in the primate social brain, the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) plays a critical role in coordinating one's own behavior with respect to that of others. Current literature demonstrates that single neurons in the MPFC encode behavior-related variables such as intentions, actions, and rewards, specifically for self and other, and that the MPFC comes into play when reflecting upon oneself and others. The social moderator account of MPFC function can explain maladaptive social cognition in people with autism spectrum disorder, which tips the balance in favor of self-centered perspectives rather than taking into consideration the perspective of others. Several strands of evidence suggest a hypothesis that the MPFC represents different other mental models, depending on the context at hand, to better predict others' emotions and behaviors. This hypothesis also accounts for aberrant MPFC activity in autistic individuals while they are mentalizing others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Isoda
- Division of Behavioral Development, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; .,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
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7
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A causal role for frontal cortico-cortical coordination in social action monitoring. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5233. [PMID: 33067461 PMCID: PMC7568569 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Decision-making via monitoring others’ actions is a cornerstone of interpersonal exchanges. Although the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) are cortical nodes in social brain networks, the two areas are rarely concurrently active in neuroimaging, inviting the hypothesis that they are functionally independent. Here we show in macaques that the ability of the MPFC to monitor others’ actions depends on input from the PMv. We found that delta-band coherence between the two areas emerged during action execution and action observation. Information flow especially in the delta band increased from the PMv to the MPFC as the biological nature of observed actions increased. Furthermore, selective blockade of the PMv-to-MPFC pathway using a double viral vector infection technique impaired the processing of observed, but not executed, actions. These findings demonstrate that coordinated activity in the PMv-to-MPFC pathway has a causal role in social action monitoring. Social interactions require monitoring others’ actions to optimally organise one’s own actions. Here, the authors show that the pathway from the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) to the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) is causally involved in monitoring observed, but not executed, actions.
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8
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Jiang T, Pellizzer G, Asman P, Bastos D, Bhavsar S, Tummala S, Prabhu S, Ince NF. Power Modulations of ECoG Alpha/Beta and Gamma Bands Correlate With Time-Derivative of Force During Hand Grasp. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:100. [PMID: 32116533 PMCID: PMC7033626 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that motor cortical oscillatory components are modulated in their amplitude during voluntary and imagined movements. These patterns have been used to develop brain-machine interfaces (BMI) which focused mostly on movement kinematics. In contrast, there have been only a few studies on the relation between brain oscillatory activity and the control of force, in particular, grasping force, which is of primary importance for common daily activities. In this study, we recorded intraoperative high-density electrocorticography (ECoG) from the sensorimotor cortex of four patients while they executed a voluntary isometric hand grasp following verbal instruction. The grasp was held for 2 to 3 s before being instructed to relax. We studied the power modulations of neural oscillations during the whole time-course of the grasp (onset, hold, and offset phases). Phasic event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the low-frequency band (LFB) from 8 to 32 Hz and event-related synchronization (ERS) in the high-frequency band (HFB) from 60 to 200 Hz were observed at grasp onset and offset. However, during the grasp holding period, the magnitude of LFB-ERD and HFB-ERS decreased near or at the baseline level. Overall, LFB-ERD and HFB-ERS show phasic characteristics related to the changes of grasp force (onset/offset) in all four patients. More precisely, the fluctuations of HFB-ERS primarily, and of LFB-ERD to a lesser extent, correlated with the time-course of the first time-derivative of force (yank), rather than with force itself. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that establishes such a correlation. These results have fundamental implications for the decoding of grasp in brain oscillatory activity-based neuroprosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Jiang
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Giuseppe Pellizzer
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, United States
| | - Priscella Asman
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Dhiego Bastos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shreyas Bhavsar
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sudhakar Tummala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sujit Prabhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nuri F Ince
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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9
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Perry A, Stiso J, Chang EF, Lin JJ, Parvizi J, Knight RT. Mirroring in the Human Brain: Deciphering the Spatial-Temporal Patterns of the Human Mirror Neuron System. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:1039-1048. [PMID: 28137724 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Embodied theories of cognition emphasize the central role of sensorimotor transformations in the representation of others' actions. Support for these theories is derived from the discovery of the mirror neuron system (MNS) in primates, from noninvasive techniques in humans, and from a limited number of intracranial studies. To understand the neural dynamics of the human MNS, more studies with precise spatial and temporal resolutions are essential. We used electrocorticography to define activation patterns in sensorimotor, parietal and/or frontal neuronal populations, during a viewing and grasping task. Our results show robust high gamma activation for both conditions in classic MNS sites. Furthermore, we provide novel evidence for 2 different populations of neurons: sites that were only active for viewing and grasping ("pure mirroring") and sites that were also active between viewing and grasping, and perhaps serve a more general attentional role. Lastly, a subgroup of parietal electrodes showed earlier peaks than all other regions. These results highlight the complexity of spatial-temporal patterns within the MNS and provide a critical link between single-unit research in monkeys and noninvasive techniques in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Perry
- The Psychology Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jennifer Stiso
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of Californiaat Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Edward F Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jack J Lin
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Josef Parvizi
- Stanford Human Intracranial Cognitive Electrophysiology Program (SHICEP) and the Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert T Knight
- The Psychology Department, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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10
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Umeda T, Koizumi M, Katakai Y, Saito R, Seki K. Decoding of muscle activity from the sensorimotor cortex in freely behaving monkeys. Neuroimage 2019; 197:512-526. [PMID: 31015029 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Remarkable advances have recently been made in the development of Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) technologies for restoring or enhancing motor function. However, the application of these technologies may be limited to patients in static conditions, as these developments have been largely based on studies of animals (e.g., non-human primates) in constrained movement conditions. The ultimate goal of BMI technology is to enable individuals to move their bodies naturally or control external devices without physical constraints. Here, we demonstrate accurate decoding of muscle activity from electrocorticogram (ECoG) signals in unrestrained, freely behaving monkeys. We recorded ECoG signals from the sensorimotor cortex as well as electromyogram signals from multiple muscles in the upper arm while monkeys performed two types of movements with no physical restraints, as follows: forced forelimb movement (lever-pull task) and natural whole-body movement (free movement within the cage). As in previous reports using restrained monkeys, we confirmed that muscle activity during forced forelimb movement was accurately predicted from simultaneously recorded ECoG data. More importantly, we demonstrated that accurate prediction of muscle activity from ECoG data was possible in monkeys performing natural whole-body movement. We found that high-gamma activity in the primary motor cortex primarily contributed to the prediction of muscle activity during natural whole-body movement as well as forced forelimb movement. In contrast, the contribution of high-gamma activity in the premotor and primary somatosensory cortices was significantly larger during natural whole-body movement. Thus, activity in a larger area of the sensorimotor cortex was needed to predict muscle activity during natural whole-body movement. Furthermore, decoding models obtained from forced forelimb movement could not be generalized to natural whole-body movement, which suggests that decoders should be built individually and according to different behavior types. These results contribute to the future application of BMI systems in unrestrained individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Umeda
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 1878502, Japan.
| | - Masashi Koizumi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 1878502, Japan
| | - Yuko Katakai
- Administrative Section of Primate Research Facility, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 1878502, Japan; The Corporation for Production and Research of Laboratory Primates, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 3050003, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Saito
- Administrative Section of Primate Research Facility, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 1878502, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Seki
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 1878502, Japan.
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11
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Implicit visual cues tune oscillatory motor activity during decision-making. Neuroimage 2019; 186:424-436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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12
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Vargas-Irwin CE, Feldman JM, King B, Simeral JD, Sorice BL, Oakley EM, Cash SS, Eskandar EN, Friehs GM, Hochberg LR, Donoghue JP. Watch, Imagine, Attempt: Motor Cortex Single-Unit Activity Reveals Context-Dependent Movement Encoding in Humans With Tetraplegia. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:450. [PMID: 30524258 PMCID: PMC6262367 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Planning and performing volitional movement engages widespread networks in the human brain, with motor cortex considered critical to the performance of skilled limb actions. Motor cortex is also engaged when actions are observed or imagined, but the manner in which ensembles of neurons represent these volitional states (VoSs) is unknown. Here we provide direct demonstration that observing, imagining or attempting action activates shared neural ensembles in human motor cortex. Two individuals with tetraplegia (due to brainstem stroke or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS) were verbally instructed to watch, imagine, or attempt reaching actions displayed on a computer screen. Neural activity in the precentral gyrus incorporated information about both cognitive state and movement kinematics; the three conditions presented overlapping but unique, statistically distinct activity patterns. These findings demonstrate that individual neurons in human motor cortex reflect information related to sensory inputs and VoS in addition to movement features, and are a key part of a broader network linking perception and cognition to action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Vargas-Irwin
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jessica M Feldman
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Brandon King
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - John D Simeral
- Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology (CfNN), Rehabilitation R&D Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States.,School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Brittany L Sorice
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery (CNTR), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Erin M Oakley
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery (CNTR), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sydney S Cash
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery (CNTR), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emad N Eskandar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gerhard M Friehs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Leigh R Hochberg
- Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology (CfNN), Rehabilitation R&D Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States.,School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery (CNTR), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John P Donoghue
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology (CfNN), Rehabilitation R&D Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States.,School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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13
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Kolb R, Abosch A, Felsen G, Thompson JA. Use of intraoperative local field potential spectral analysis to differentiate basal ganglia structures in Parkinson's disease patients. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:e13322. [PMID: 28642341 PMCID: PMC5492209 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of brain structures traversed during implantation of deep brain-stimulating (DBS) electrodes into the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently relies on subjective correspondence between kinesthetic response and multiunit activity. However, recent work suggests that local field potentials (LFP) could be used as a more robust signal to objectively differentiate subcortical structures. The goal of this study was to analyze the spectral properties of LFP collected during STN-DBS in order to objectively identify commonly traversed brain regions and improve our understanding of aberrant oscillations in the PD-related pathophysiological cortico-basal ganglia network. In 21 PD patients, LFP were collected and analyzed during STN-DBS implantation surgery. Spectral power for delta-, theta-, alpha-, low-beta-, and high-beta-frequency bands was assessed at multiple depths throughout the subcortical structures traversed on the trajectory to the ventral border of STN. Similar to previous findings, beta-band oscillations had an increased magnitude within the borders of the motor-related area of STN, however, across several subjects, we also observed increased high-beta magnitude within the borders of thalamus. Comparing across all patients using relative power, we observed a gradual increase in the magnitude of both low- and high-beta-frequency bands as the electrode descended from striatum to STN. These results were also compared with frequency bands below beta, and similar trends were observed. Our results suggest that LFP signals recorded during the implantation of a DBS electrode evince distinct oscillatory signatures that distinguish subcortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kolb
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Aviva Abosch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gidon Felsen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John A Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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14
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Hanrahan SJ, Nedrud JJ, Davidson BS, Farris S, Giroux M, Haug A, Mahoor MH, Silverman AK, Zhang JJ, Hebb AO. Long-Term Task- and Dopamine-Dependent Dynamics of Subthalamic Local Field Potentials in Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2016; 6:E57. [PMID: 27916831 PMCID: PMC5187571 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci6040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Subthalamic nucleus (STN) local field potentials (LFP) are neural signals that have been shown to reveal motor and language behavior, as well as pathological parkinsonian states. We use a research-grade implantable neurostimulator (INS) with data collection capabilities to record STN-LFP outside the operating room to determine the reliability of the signals over time and assess their dynamics with respect to behavior and dopaminergic medication. Seven subjects were implanted with the recording augmented deep brain stimulation (DBS) system, and bilateral STN-LFP recordings were collected in the clinic over twelve months. Subjects were cued to perform voluntary motor and language behaviors in on and off medication states. The STN-LFP recorded with the INS demonstrated behavior-modulated desynchronization of beta frequency (13-30 Hz) and synchronization of low gamma frequency (35-70 Hz) oscillations. Dopaminergic medication did not diminish the relative beta frequency oscillatory desynchronization with movement. However, movement-related gamma frequency oscillatory synchronization was only observed in the medication on state. We observed significant inter-subject variability, but observed consistent STN-LFP activity across recording systems and over a one-year period for each subject. These findings demonstrate that an INS system can provide robust STN-LFP recordings in ambulatory patients, allowing for these signals to be recorded in settings that better represent natural environments in which patients are in a variety of medication states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bradley S Davidson
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
| | - Sierra Farris
- Movement and Neuroperformance Center of Colorado, Englewood, CO 80113, USA.
| | - Monique Giroux
- Movement and Neuroperformance Center of Colorado, Englewood, CO 80113, USA.
| | - Aaron Haug
- Blue Sky Neurology, Englewood, CO 80113, USA.
| | - Mohammad H Mahoor
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Denver, CO 80208, USA.
| | - Anne K Silverman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
| | - Jun Jason Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Denver, CO 80208, USA.
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15
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Aridan N, Mukamel R. Activity in primary motor cortex during action observation covaries with subsequent behavioral changes in execution. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00550. [PMID: 27843700 PMCID: PMC5102645 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Observing someone else perform a movement facilitates motor planning, execution, and motor memory formation. Rate, an important feature in the execution of repeated movements, has been shown to vary following movement observation although the underlying neural mechanisms are unclear. In the current study, we examined how the rate of self-paced index finger pressing is implicitly modified following passive observation of a similar action performed at a different rate. METHODS Fifty subjects performed a finger pressing sequence with their right hand at their own pace before and after passive observation of either a 1-min video depicting the task performed at 3 Hz by someone else or a black screen. An additional set of 15 subjects performed the task in an MRI scanner. RESULTS Across all 50 subjects, the spontaneous execution rate prior to video observation had a bimodal distribution with modes around 2 and 4 Hz. Following video observation, the slower subjects performed the task at an increased rate. In the 15 subjects who performed the task in the MRI scanner, we found positive correlation between fMRI signal in the left primary motor strip during passive video observation and subsequent behavioral changes in task performance rate. CONCLUSION We conclude that observing someone else perform an action at a higher rate implicitly increases the spontaneous rate of execution, and that this implicit induction is mediated by activity in the contralateral primary motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Aridan
- School of Psychological Sciences Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Roy Mukamel
- School of Psychological Sciences Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv Israel; Sagol School of Neurosciences Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv Israel
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16
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Cheron G, Petit G, Cheron J, Leroy A, Cebolla A, Cevallos C, Petieau M, Hoellinger T, Zarka D, Clarinval AM, Dan B. Brain Oscillations in Sport: Toward EEG Biomarkers of Performance. Front Psychol 2016; 7:246. [PMID: 26955362 PMCID: PMC4768321 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain dynamics is at the basis of top performance accomplishment in sports. The search for neural biomarkers of performance remains a challenge in movement science and sport psychology. The non-invasive nature of high-density electroencephalography (EEG) recording has made it a most promising avenue for providing quantitative feedback to practitioners and coaches. Here, we review the current relevance of the main types of EEG oscillations in order to trace a perspective for future practical applications of EEG and event-related potentials (ERP) in sport. In this context, the hypotheses of unified brain rhythms and continuity between wake and sleep states should provide a functional template for EEG biomarkers in sport. The oscillations in the thalamo-cortical and hippocampal circuitry including the physiology of the place cells and the grid cells provide a frame of reference for the analysis of delta, theta, beta, alpha (incl.mu), and gamma oscillations recorded in the space field of human performance. Based on recent neuronal models facilitating the distinction between the different dynamic regimes (selective gating and binding) in these different oscillations we suggest an integrated approach articulating together the classical biomechanical factors (3D movements and EMG) and the high-density EEG and ERP signals to allow finer mathematical analysis to optimize sport performance, such as microstates, coherency/directionality analysis and neural generators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de BruxellesBrussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Université de Mons-HainautMons, Belgium
| | - Géraldine Petit
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julian Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Axelle Leroy
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de BruxellesBrussels, Belgium; Haute Ecole CondorcetCharleroi, Belgium
| | - Anita Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carlos Cevallos
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Petieau
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Hoellinger
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Zarka
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Clarinval
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Dan
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de BruxellesBrussels, Belgium; Inkendaal Rehabilitation HospitalVlezembeek, Belgium
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17
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Herreras O, Makarova J, Makarov VA. New uses of LFPs: Pathway-specific threads obtained through spatial discrimination. Neuroscience 2015; 310:486-503. [PMID: 26415769 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Local field potentials (LFPs) reflect the coordinated firing of functional neural assemblies during information coding and transfer across neural networks. As such, it was proposed that the extraordinary variety of cytoarchitectonic elements in the brain is responsible for the wide range of amplitudes and for the coverage of field potentials, which in most cases receive contributions from multiple pathways and populations. The influence of spatial factors overrides the bold interpretations of customary measurements, such as the amplitude and polarity, to the point that their cellular interpretation is one of the hardest tasks in Neurophysiology. Temporal patterns and frequency bands are not exclusive to pathways but rather, the spatial configuration of the voltage gradients created by each pathway is highly specific and may be used advantageously. Recent technical and analytical advances now make it possible to separate and then reconstruct activity for specific pathways. In this review, we discuss how spatial features specific to cells and populations define the amplitude and extension of LFPs, why they become virtually indecipherable when several pathways are co-activated, and then we present the recent advances regarding their disentanglement using spatial discrimination techniques. The pathway-specific threads of LFPs have a simple cellular interpretation, and the temporal fluctuations obtained can be applied to a variety of new experimental objectives and improve existing approaches. Among others, they facilitate the parallel readout of activity in several populations over multiple time scales correlating them with behavior. Also, they access information contained in irregular fluctuations, facilitating the testing of ongoing plasticity. In addition, they open the way to unravel the synaptic nature of rhythmic oscillations, as well as the dynamic relationships between multiple oscillatory activities. The challenge of understanding which waves belong to which populations, and the pathways that provoke them, may soon be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Herreras
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, Madrid 28002, Spain.
| | - J Makarova
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, Madrid 28002, Spain.
| | - V A Makarov
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics, University Complutense of Madrid, Plaza de Ciencias 3, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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18
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Finisguerra A, Maffongelli L, Bassolino M, Jacono M, Pozzo T, D'Ausilio A. Generalization of motor resonance during the observation of hand, mouth, and eye movements. J Neurophysiol 2015; 114:2295-304. [PMID: 26289463 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00433.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex shows that hand action observation (AO) modulates corticospinal excitability (CSE). CSE modulation alternatively maps low-level kinematic characteristics or higher-level features, like object-directed action goals. However, action execution is achieved through the control of muscle synergies, consisting of coordinated patterns of muscular activity during natural movements, rather than single muscles or object-directed goals. This synergistic organization of action execution also underlies the ability to produce the same functional output (i.e., grasping an object) using different effectors. We hypothesize that motor system activation during AO may rely on similar principles. To investigate this issue, we recorded both hand CSE and TMS-evoked finger movements which provide a much more complete description of coordinated patterns of muscular activity. Subjects passively watched hand, mouth and eyelid opening or closing, which are performing non-object-directed (intransitive) actions. Hand and mouth share the same potential to grasp objects, whereas eyelid does not allow object-directed (transitive) actions. Hand CSE modulation generalized to all effectors, while TMS evoked finger movements only to mouth AO. Such dissociation suggests that the two techniques may have different sensitivities to fine motor modulations induced by AO. Differently from evoked movements, which are sensitive to the possibility to achieve object-directed action, CSE is generically modulated by "opening" vs. "closing" movements, independently of which effector was observed. We propose that motor activities during AO might exploit the same synergistic mechanisms shown for the neural control of movement and organized around a limited set of motor primitives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Finisguerra
- Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università Degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Laura Maffongelli
- Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Bassolino
- Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy; Center for Neuroprosthetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and
| | - Marco Jacono
- Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy
| | - Thierry Pozzo
- Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy; IUF, INSERM U1093 Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Alessandro D'Ausilio
- Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy;
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