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Azevedo EM, Fracaro L, Hochuli AHD, Ilkiw J, Bail EL, Lisboa MDO, Rodrigues LS, Barchiki F, Correa A, Capriglione LGA, Brofman PRS, Lima MMS. Comparative analysis of uninduced and neuronally-induced human dental pulp stromal cells in a 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:1052-1061. [PMID: 38739074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, dental pulp stromal cells (DPSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for Parkinson's disease (PD), owing to their inherent neurogenic potential and the lack of neuroprotective treatments for this condition. However, uncertainties persist regarding the efficacy of these cells in an undifferentiated state versus a neuronally-induced state. This study aims to delineate the distinct therapeutic potential of uninduced and neuronally-induced DPSCs in a rodent model of PD induced by 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). METHODS DPSCs were isolated from human teeth, characterized as mesenchymal stromal cells, and induced to neuronal differentiation. Neuronal markers were assessed before and after induction. DPSCs were transplanted into the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats 7 days following the 6-OHDA lesion. In vivo tracking of the cells, evaluation of locomotor behavior, dopaminergic neuron survival, and the expression of essential proteins within the dopaminergic system were conducted 7 days postgrafting. RESULTS Isolated DPSCs exhibited typical characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells and maintained a normal karyotype. DPSCs consistently expressed neuronal markers, exhibiting elevated expression of βIII-tubulin following neuronal induction. Results from the animal model showed that both DPSC types promoted substantial recovery in dopaminergic neurons, correlating with enhanced locomotion. Additionally, neuronally-induced DPSCs prevented GFAP elevation, while altering DARPP-32 phosphorylation states. Conversely, uninduced DPSCs reduced JUN levels. Both DPSC types mitigated the elevation of glycosylated DAT. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that uninduced DPSCs and neuronally-induced DPSCs exhibit potential in reducing dopaminergic neuron loss and improving locomotor behavior, but their underlying mechanisms differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evellyn M Azevedo
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Letícia Fracaro
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Agner H D Hochuli
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Ilkiw
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ellen L Bail
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mateus de O Lisboa
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lais S Rodrigues
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Barchiki
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Correa
- Laboratory of Basic Biology of Stem Cells, Carlos Chagas Institute, Fiocruz-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luiz G A Capriglione
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Paulo R S Brofman
- Core for Cell Technology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M S Lima
- Physiology Department, Parkinson's Disease and Sleep Neurophysiology Lab, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil.
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2
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Chew G, Mai AS, Ouyang JF, Qi Y, Chao Y, Wang Q, Petretto E, Tan EK. Transcriptomic imputation of genetic risk variants uncovers novel whole-blood biomarkers of Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:99. [PMID: 38719867 PMCID: PMC11078960 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood-based gene expression signatures could potentially be used as biomarkers for PD. However, it is unclear whether genetically-regulated transcriptomic signatures can provide novel gene candidates for use as PD biomarkers. We leveraged on the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database to impute whole-blood transcriptomic expression using summary statistics of three large-scale PD GWAS. A random forest classifier was used with the consensus whole-blood imputed gene signature (IGS) to discriminate between cases and controls. Outcome measures included Area under the Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve. We demonstrated that the IGS (n = 37 genes) is conserved across PD GWAS studies and brain tissues. IGS discriminated between cases and controls in an independent whole-blood RNA-sequencing study (1176 PD, 254 prodromal, and 860 healthy controls) with mean AUC and accuracy of 64.8% and 69.4% for PD cohort, and 78.8% and 74% for prodromal cohort. PATL2 was the top-performing imputed gene in both PD and prodromal PD cohorts, whose classifier performance varied with biological sex (higher performance for males and females in the PD and prodromal PD, respectively). Single-cell RNA-sequencing studies (scRNA-seq) of healthy humans and PD patients found PATL2 to be enriched in terminal effector CD8+ and cytotoxic CD4+ cells, whose proportions are both increased in PD patients. We demonstrated the utility of GWAS transcriptomic imputation in identifying novel whole-blood transcriptomic signatures which could be leveraged upon for PD biomarker derivation. We identified PATL2 as a potential biomarker in both clinical and prodromic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Chew
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aaron Shengting Mai
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John F Ouyang
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yueyue Qi
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yinxia Chao
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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3
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Xing M, Yang X, Jin S, Xu X. Inhibition of neuronal pentraxin 2 relieved epileptic seizure via reducing GluA1 phosphorylation. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4003. [PMID: 38597235 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal pentraxin 2 (Nptx2), a member of the synaptic protein family linked to excitatory synaptic formation, is found to be upregulated in epileptic mice, yet its role in epilepsy has been unclear. In vivo, we constructed a mouse model of epilepsy by using kainic acid induction. In vitro experiments, a Mg2+-free medium was used to induce epileptiform discharges in neurons. The results showed that the Nptx2 was upregulated in epileptic mice. Moreover, Nptx2 knockdown reduced the number of seizures and seizure duration. Knocking down Nptx2 not only reduced the number and duration of seizures but also showed a decrease in electroencephalogram amplitude. Behavioral tests indicated improvements in learning and memory abilities after Nptx2 knockdown. The Nissl staining and Timms staining revealed that Nptx2 silencing mitigated epilepsy-induced brain damage. The immunofluorescence staining revealed that Nptx2 absence resulted in a reduction of apoptosis. Nptx2 knockdown reduced Bax, cleaved caspase3, and cleaved caspase9 expression, while increased Bcl-2 expression. Notably, Nptx2 knockdown inhibited GluA1 phosphorylation at the S831 site and reduced the GluA1 membrane expression. The PSD95 expression declined in the epilepsy model, while the Nptx2 knockdown reversed it. Collectively, our study indicated that Nptx2 silencing not only alleviated brain damage and neuron apoptosis but also improved learning and memory ability in epileptic mice, suggesting Nptx2 as a promising target for epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinlei Yang
- Animal Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sinan Jin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangping Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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4
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Wang S, Wang H, Jiang Q, Dai J, Dai W, Kang X, Xu T, Zheng X, Fu A, Xing Z, Chen Y, He Z, Lu L, Gu L. Supplementation of dietary areca nut extract modulates the growth performance, cecal microbiota composition, and immune function in Wenchang chickens. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1278312. [PMID: 38192720 PMCID: PMC10773572 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1278312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study was aimed at evaluating the effects of areca nut extract (ANE) on the growth performance, cecal microbiota, and immunity of Wenchang chickens. Methods For this study, 42-day-old healthy Wenchang chickens (n = 450) with similar body weight were chosen. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, with six replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. One group was fed a basal diet (control; CCK). The remaining four groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with varying ANE concentrations: 0.038, 0.063, 0.100, and 0.151 g/kg, with the groups denoted as CNT1, CNT2, CNT3, and CNT4, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted 35 days. The ligated cecum segments of the control and experimental groups were collected for metabolomic and metagenomic analysis, while the bone marrow samples were extracted for tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis. Results All the experimental groups exhibited significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) and significantly lower feed-to-weight (F/G) ratios than CCK. Metabolomic screening of the cecum contents revealed the presence of 544 differential metabolites, including several gut health-related metabolites, such as xanthine, hydroxy hypoxanthine, 2,5-dimethylhydrazine, ganoderic acid, and 2-aminohexanoic acid. Metagenomic analysis of the cecum contents showed an upregulation in the abundance of Prevotella spp. in the experimental groups. However, we observed no significant differences in the abundances of other cecal microbes at phylum and genus levels. Furthermore, we observed significant associations between Prevotella spp. and the differentially abundant metabolites, such as cherubins, thiaburimamide, and 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, (r)-mevalonate, 5-O-methylalloptaeroxylin, nalidixic acid, and deoxyloganin (p < 0.05). Proteomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins (such as interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 5 (IFIT5), MHC-BF1, and death domain-associated protein (Daxx)) in the bone marrow of the chickens were primarily enriched in the immune network for IgA production and B cell receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion In conclusion, dietary ANE supplementation was found to enhance metabolic activity and energy utilization, improve growth performance, modulate cecal microbiota, and strengthen the immunity of Wenchang chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiping Wang
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Qicheng Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jiahui Dai
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Wenting Dai
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoning Kang
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Tieshan Xu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xinli Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - An Fu
- Wenchang City Wenchang Chicken Research Institute, Wenchang, China
| | - Zengyang Xing
- Wenchang Spring of Dragon Wenchang Chicken Industrial Co., Ltd., Wenchang, China
| | - Yiyong Chen
- Hainan Inheriting Good Taste Wenchang Chicken Industry Co., Ltd., Wenchang, China
| | - Zhongchun He
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Gu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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Pelosi A, Nakamura Y, Girault JA, Hervé D. BDNF/TrkB pathway activation in D1 receptor-expressing striatal projection neurons plays a protective role against L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106238. [PMID: 37495178 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a frequent adverse side effect of L-DOPA treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of these motor disorders is needed to reduce or prevent them. We investigated the role of TrkB receptor in LID, in hemiparkinsonian mice treated by chronic L-DOPA administration. Repeated L-DOPA treatment for 10 days specifically increased full-length TrkB receptor mRNA and protein levels in the dopamine-depleted dorsal striatum (DS) compared to the contralateral non-lesioned DS or to the DS of sham-operated animals. Dopamine depletion alone or acute L-DOPA treatment did not significantly increase TrkB protein levels. In addition to increasing TrkB protein levels, chronic L-DOPA treatment activated the TrkB receptor as evidenced by its increased tyrosine phosphorylation. Using specific agonists for the D1 or D2 receptors, we found that TrkB increase is D1 receptor-dependent. To determine the consequences of these effects, the TrkB gene was selectively deleted in striatal neurons expressing the D1 receptor. Mice with TrkB floxed gene were injected with Cre-expressing adeno-associated viruses or crossed with Drd1-Cre transgenic mice. After unilateral lesion of dopamine neurons in these mice, we found an aggravation of axial LID compared to the control groups. In contrast, no change was found when TrkB deletion was induced in the indirect pathway D2 receptor-expressing neurons. Our study suggests that BDNF/TrkB signaling plays a protective role against the development of LID and that agonists specifically activating TrkB could reduce the severity of LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Pelosi
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, Science and Engineering Faculty, Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Yukari Nakamura
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, Science and Engineering Faculty, Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Antoine Girault
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, Science and Engineering Faculty, Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - Denis Hervé
- Inserm UMR-S 1270, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, Science and Engineering Faculty, Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France.
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6
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Kolacheva A, Pavlova E, Bannikova A, Bogdanov V, Troshev D, Ugrumov M. The Gene Expression of Proteins Involved in Intercellular Signaling and Neurodegeneration in the Substantia Nigra in a Mouse Subchronic Model of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033027. [PMID: 36769355 PMCID: PMC9917821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the limited access to clinical material for studying the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), these studies should be carried out on experimental models. We have recently developed a subchronic model of the progressive development of PD with a gradual transition from the preclinical (asymptomatic) stage to the clinical (symptomatic) one. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the expression of a wide range of genes in the substantia nigra (SN), the central link in the regulation of motor function, in mice in our subchronic model of PD. We have found changes in the expression of a number of genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of dopamine as well as proteins involved in the vesicular cycle, axonal transport, protein degradation in the proteasome system, neuroinflammation, and cell death in the SN of our mouse model of the clinical stage of PD. Similar changes in gene expression were previously demonstrated in patients (postmortem), indicating good reproducibility of PD in our model. Further analysis of the gene expression in the SN of mice has shown that the expression of some genes also changes in the model of the preclinical stage, when dopaminergic neurons have not yet died. Thus, this study opens up broad prospects for further evaluation of the molecular mechanisms of PD pathogenesis and the development of a test system for drug screening.
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7
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Nilsson J, Constantinescu J, Nellgård B, Jakobsson P, Brum WS, Gobom J, Forsgren L, Dalla K, Constantinescu R, Zetterberg H, Hansson O, Blennow K, Bäckström D, Brinkmalm A. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Synaptic Dysfunction are Altered in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders. Mov Disord 2023; 38:267-277. [PMID: 36504237 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic dysfunction and degeneration are central contributors to the pathogenesis and progression of parkinsonian disorders. Therefore, identification and validation of biomarkers reflecting pathological synaptic alterations are greatly needed and could be used in prognostic assessment and to monitor treatment effects. OBJECTIVE To explore candidate biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders. METHODS Mass spectrometry was used to quantify 15 synaptic proteins in two clinical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cohorts, including PD (n1 = 51, n2 = 101), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) (n1 = 11, n2 = 3), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) (n1 = 22, n2 = 21), multiple system atrophy (MSA) (n1 = 31, n2 = 26), and healthy control (HC) (n1 = 48, n2 = 30) participants, as well as Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n2 = 23) patients in the second cohort. RESULTS Across both cohorts, lower levels of the neuronal pentraxins (NPTX; 1, 2, and receptor) were found in PD, MSA, and PSP, compared with HC. In MSA and PSP, lower neurogranin, AP2B1, and complexin-2 levels compared with HC were observed. In AD, levels of 14-3-3 zeta/delta, beta- and gamma-synuclein were higher compared with the parkinsonian disorders. Lower pentraxin levels in PD correlated with Mini-Mental State Exam scores and specific cognitive deficits (NPTX2; rho = 0.25-0.32, P < 0.05) and reduced dopaminergic pre-synaptic integrity as measured by DaTSCAN (NPTX2; rho = 0.29, P = 0.023). Additionally, lower levels were associated with the progression of postural imbalance and gait difficulty symptoms (All NPTX; β-estimate = -0.025 to -0.038, P < 0.05) and cognitive decline (NPTX2; β-estimate = 0.32, P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS These novel findings show different alterations of synaptic proteins in parkinsonian disorders compared with AD and HC. The neuronal pentraxins may serve as prognostic CSF biomarkers for both cognitive and motor symptom progression in PD. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Nilsson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Julius Constantinescu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bengt Nellgård
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Protik Jakobsson
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wagner S Brum
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Johan Gobom
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lars Forsgren
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Keti Dalla
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Radu Constantinescu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - David Bäckström
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ann Brinkmalm
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
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8
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Li H, Wang N, Jiang Y, Wang H, Xin Z, An H, Pan H, Ma W, Zhang T, Wang X, Lin W. E3
ubiquitin ligase
NEDD4L
negatively regulates inflammation by promoting ubiquitination of
MEKK2. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54603. [PMID: 36161689 PMCID: PMC9638856 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202254603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of inflammation signaling triggered by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), and interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) is associated with immunopathology. Here, we identify neural precursor cells expressed developmentally down‐regulated gene 4‐like (NEDD4L), a HECT type E3 ligase, as a common negative regulator of signaling induced by TNF‐α, IL‐1, and IL‐17. NEDD4L modulates the degradation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (MEKK2) via constitutively and directly binding to MEKK2 and promotes its poly‐ubiquitination. In interleukin‐17 receptor (IL‐17R) signaling, Nedd4l knockdown or deficiency enhances IL‐17‐induced p38 and NF‐κB activation and the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in a MEKK2‐dependent manner. We further show that IL‐17‐induced MEKK2 Ser520 phosphorylation is required not only for downstream p38 and NF‐κB activation but also for NEDD4L‐mediated MEKK2 degradation and the subsequent shutdown of IL‐17R signaling. Importantly, Nedd4l‐deficient mice show increased susceptibility to IL‐17‐induced inflammation and aggravated symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in IL‐17R signaling‐dependent manner. These data suggest that NEDD4L acts as an inhibitor of IL‐17R signaling, which ameliorates the pathogenesis of IL‐17‐mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang China
- Department of Medical Oncology The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) Hangzhou China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC) Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang China
| | - Haofei Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang China
| | - Zengfeng Xin
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang China
| | - Huazhang An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Jinan China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Wangqian Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang China
| | - Wenlong Lin
- Institute of Immunology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Zhejiang China
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9
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Ledahawsky LM, Terzenidou ME, Edwards R, Kline RA, Graham LC, Eaton SL, van der Hoorn D, Chaytow H, Huang YT, Groen EJN, Motyl AAL, Lamont DJ, Tokatlidis K, Wishart TM, Gillingwater TH. The mitochondrial protein Sideroflexin 3 (SFXN3) influences neurodegeneration pathways in vivo. FEBS J 2022; 289:3894-3914. [PMID: 35092170 PMCID: PMC9542548 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synapses are a primary pathological target in neurodegenerative diseases. Identifying therapeutic targets at the synapse could delay progression of numerous conditions. The mitochondrial protein SFXN3 is a neuronally enriched protein expressed in synaptic terminals and regulated by key synaptic proteins, including α-synuclein. We first show that SFXN3 uses the carrier import pathway to insert into the inner mitochondrial membrane. Using high-resolution proteomics on Sfxn3-KO mice synapses, we then demonstrate that SFXN3 influences proteins and pathways associated with neurodegeneration and cell death (including CSPα and Caspase-3), as well as neurological conditions (including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease). Overexpression of SFXN3 orthologues in Drosophila models of Parkinson's disease significantly reduced dopaminergic neuron loss. In contrast, the loss of SFXN3 was insufficient to trigger neurodegeneration in mice, indicating an anti- rather than pro-neurodegeneration role for SFXN3. Taken together, these results suggest a potential role for SFXN3 in the regulation of neurodegeneration pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire M Ledahawsky
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Eirini Terzenidou
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Ruairidh Edwards
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Rachel A Kline
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK.,The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laura C Graham
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK.,The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Samantha L Eaton
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK.,The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dinja van der Hoorn
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Helena Chaytow
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ewout J N Groen
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, The Netherlands
| | - Anna A L Motyl
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Thomas M Wishart
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK.,The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas H Gillingwater
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
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10
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Gómez de San José N, Massa F, Halbgebauer S, Oeckl P, Steinacker P, Otto M. Neuronal pentraxins as biomarkers of synaptic activity: from physiological functions to pathological changes in neurodegeneration. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022; 129:207-230. [PMID: 34460014 PMCID: PMC8866268 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02411-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders is often challenging due to the lack of diagnostic tools, comorbidities and shared pathological manifestations. Synaptic dysfunction is an early pathological event in many neurodegenerative disorders, but the underpinning mechanisms are still poorly characterised. Reliable quantification of synaptic damage is crucial to understand the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration, to track disease status and to obtain prognostic information. Neuronal pentraxins (NPTXs) are extracellular scaffolding proteins emerging as potential biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction in neurodegeneration. They are a family of proteins involved in homeostatic synaptic plasticity by recruiting post-synaptic receptors into synapses. Recent research investigates the dynamic changes of NPTXs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as an expression of synaptic damage, possibly related to cognitive impairment. In this review, we summarise the available data on NPTXs structure and expression patterns as well as on their contribution in synaptic function and plasticity and other less well-characterised roles. Moreover, we propose a mechanism for their involvement in synaptic damage and neurodegeneration and assess their potential as CSF biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Massa
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Patrick Oeckl
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE E.V.), Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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11
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Faouzi J, Bekadar S, Artaud F, Elbaz A, Mangone G, Colliot O, Corvol JC. Machine learning-based prediction of impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease from clinical and genetic data. IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 3:96-107. [PMID: 35813487 PMCID: PMC9252337 DOI: 10.1109/ojemb.2022.3178295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Goal: Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are frequent non-motor symptoms occurring during the course of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The objective of this study was to estimate the predictability of the future occurrence of these disorders using longitudinal data, the first study using cross-validation and replication in an independent cohort. Methods: We used data from two longitudinal PD cohorts (training set: PPMI, Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative; test set: DIGPD, Drug Interaction With Genes in Parkinson’s Disease). We included 380 PD subjects from PPMI and 388 PD subjects from DIGPD, with at least two visits and with clinical and genetic data available, in our analyses. We trained three logistic regressions and a recurrent neural network to predict ICDs at the next visit using clinical risk factors and genetic variants previously associated with ICDs. We quantified performance using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) and average precision. We compared these models to a trivial model predicting ICDs at the next visit with the status at the most recent visit. Results: The recurrent neural network (PPMI: 0.85 [0.80 – 0.90], DIGPD: 0.802 [0.78 – 0.83]) was the only model to be significantly better than the trivial model (PPMI: ROC AUC = 0.75 [0.69 – 0.81]; DIGPD: 0.78 [0.75 – 0.80]) on both cohorts. We showed that ICDs in PD can be predicted with better accuracy with a recurrent neural network model than a trivial model. The improvement in terms of ROC AUC was higher on PPMI than on DIGPD data, but not clinically relevant in both cohorts. Conclusions: Our results indicate that machine learning methods are potentially useful for predicting ICDs, but further works are required to reach clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Faouzi
- Sorbonne Universite, Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hopital de la Pitie Salpetriere, Inria, Aramis project-team, Paris, France
| | - Samir Bekadar
- Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere
| | - Fanny Artaud
- Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Equipe “Exposome et Heredite”, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexis Elbaz
- Universite Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Equipe “Exposome et Heredite”, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Graziella Mangone
- Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere
| | - Olivier Colliot
- Sorbonne Universite, Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hopital de la Pitie Salpetriere, Inria, Aramis project-team, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Paris Brain Institute, Inserm, CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Hopital Pitie—Salpetriere
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12
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Chang KH, Huang CY, Ou-Yang CH, Ho CH, Lin HY, Hsu CL, Chen YT, Chou YC, Chen YJ, Chen Y, Lin JL, Wang JK, Lin PW, Lin YR, Lin MH, Tseng CK, Lin CH. In vitro genome editing rescues parkinsonism phenotypes in induced pluripotent stem cells-derived dopaminergic neurons carrying LRRK2 p.G2019S mutation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:508. [PMID: 34551822 PMCID: PMC8456557 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The c.G6055A (p.G2019S) mutation in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is the most prevalent genetic cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing by homology-directed repair (HDR) has been applied to correct the mutation but may create small insertions and deletions (indels) due to double-strand DNA breaks. Adenine base editors (ABEs) could convert targeted A·T to G·C in genomic DNA without double-strand breaks. However, the correction efficiency of ABE in LRRK2 c.G6055A (p.G2019S) mutation remains unknown yet. This study aimed to compare the mutation correction efficiencies and off-target effects between HDR and ABEs in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying LRRK2 c.G6055A (p.G2019S) mutation. Methods A set of mutation-corrected isogenic lines by editing the LRRK2 c.G6055A (p.G2019S) mutation in a PD patient-derived iPSC line using HDR or ABE were established. The mutation correction efficacies, off-target effects, and indels between HDR and ABE were compared. Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses between the LRRK2 p.G2019S iPSCs and isogenic control cells were performed to identify novel molecular targets involved in LRRK2-parkinsonism pathways. Results ABE had a higher correction rate (13/53 clones, 24.5%) than HDR (3/47 clones, 6.4%). Twenty-seven HDR clones (57.4%), but no ABE clones, had deletions, though 14 ABE clones (26.4%) had off-target mutations. The corrected isogenic iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons exhibited reduced LRRK2 kinase activity, decreased phospho-α-synuclein expression, and mitigated neurite shrinkage and apoptosis. Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis identified different gene expression patterns in energy metabolism, protein degradation, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways between the mutant and isogenic control cells. Conclusions The results of this study envision that ABE could directly correct the pathogenic mutation in iPSCs for reversing disease-related phenotypes in neuropathology and exploring novel pathophysiological targets in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Huang
- The First Core Laboratory, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Ou-Yang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Han Ho
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yi Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lang Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Tzung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chou
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Li Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Kuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Lin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ru Lin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Hsia Lin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kang Tseng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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13
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All-or-none disconnection of pyramidal inputs onto parvalbumin-positive interneurons gates ocular dominance plasticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2105388118. [PMID: 34508001 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2105388118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disinhibition is an obligatory initial step in the remodeling of cortical circuits by sensory experience. Our investigation on disinhibitory mechanisms in the classical model of ocular dominance plasticity uncovered an unexpected form of experience-dependent circuit plasticity. In the layer 2/3 of mouse visual cortex, monocular deprivation triggers a complete, "all-or-none," elimination of connections from pyramidal cells onto nearby parvalbumin-positive interneurons (Pyr→PV). This binary form of circuit plasticity is unique, as it is transient, local, and discrete. It lasts only 1 d, and it does not manifest as widespread changes in synaptic strength; rather, only about half of local connections are lost, and the remaining ones are not affected in strength. Mechanistically, the deprivation-induced loss of Pyr→PV is contingent on a reduction of the protein neuropentraxin2. Functionally, the loss of Pyr→PV is absolutely necessary for ocular dominance plasticity, a canonical model of deprivation-induced model of cortical remodeling. We surmise, therefore, that this all-or-none loss of local Pyr→PV circuitry gates experience-dependent cortical plasticity.
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14
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Dyavar SR, Potts LF, Beck G, Dyavar Shetty BL, Lawson B, Podany AT, Fletcher CV, Amara RR, Papa SM. Transcriptomic approach predicts a major role for transforming growth factor beta type 1 pathway in L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia in parkinsonian rats. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 19:e12690. [PMID: 32741046 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dyskinesia induced by long-term L-Dopa (LID) therapy in Parkinson disease is associated with altered striatal function whose molecular bases remain unclear. Here, a transcriptomic approach was applied for comprehensive analysis of distinctively regulated genes in striatal tissue, their specific pathways, and functional- and disease-associated networks in a rodent model of LID. This approach has identified transforming growth factor beta type 1 (TGFβ1) as a highly upregulated gene in dyskinetic animals. TGFβ1 pathway is a top aberrantly regulated pathway in the striatum following LID development based on differentially expressed genes (> 1.5 fold change and P < 0.05). The induction of TGFβ1 pathway specific genes, TGFβ1, INHBA, AMHR2 and PMEPA1 was also associated with regulation of NPTX2, PDP1, SCG2, SYNPR, TAC1, TH, TNNT1 genes. Transcriptional network and upstream regulator analyses have identified AKT-centered functional and ERK-centered disease networks revealing the association of TGFβ1, IL-1β and TNFα with LID development. Therefore, results support that TGFβ1 pathway is a major contributor to the pathogenic mechanisms of LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shetty Ravi Dyavar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lisa F Potts
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Goichi Beck
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Benton Lawson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anthony T Podany
- Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Courtney V Fletcher
- Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Rama Rao Amara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stella M Papa
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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15
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Wang Z, Wang X, Zou H, Dai Z, Feng S, Zhang M, Xiao G, Liu Z, Cheng Q. The Basic Characteristics of the Pentraxin Family and Their Functions in Tumor Progression. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1757. [PMID: 33013829 PMCID: PMC7461825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The pentraxin is a superfamily of proteins with the same domain known as the pentraxin domain at C-terminal. This family has two subgroups, namely; short pentraxins (C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component) and long pentraxins (neuronal pentraxin 1, neuronal pentraxin 2, neuronal pentraxin receptor, pentraxin 3 and pentraxin 4). Each group shares a similar structure with the pentameric complexes arranged in a discoid shape. Previous studies revealed the functions of different pentraxin family members. Most of them are associated with human innate immunity. Inflammation has commonly been associated with tumor progression, implying that the pentraxin family might also participate in tumor progression. Therefore, we reviewed the basic characteristics and functions of the pentraxin family and their role in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hecun Zou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songshan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gelei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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16
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Epigenetics in Lewy Body Diseases: Impact on Gene Expression, Utility as a Biomarker, and Possibilities for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134718. [PMID: 32630630 PMCID: PMC7369933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lewy body disorders (LBD) include Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). They are synucleinopathies with a heterogeneous clinical manifestation. As a cause of neuropathological overlap with other neurodegenerative diseases, the establishment of a correct clinical diagnosis is still challenging, and clinical management may be difficult. The combination of genetic variation and epigenetic changes comprising gene expression-modulating DNA methylation and histone alterations modifies the phenotype, disease course, and susceptibility to disease. In this review, we summarize the results achieved in the deciphering of the LBD epigenome. To provide an appropriate context, first LBD genetics is briefly outlined. Afterwards, a detailed review of epigenetic modifications identified for LBD in human cells, postmortem, and peripheral tissues is provided. We also focus on the difficulty of identifying epigenome-related biomarker candidates and discuss the results obtained so far. Additionally, epigenetic changes as therapeutic targets, as well as different epigenome-based treatments, are revised. The number of studies focusing on PD is relatively limited and practically inexistent for DLB. There is a lack of replication studies, and some results are even contradictory, probably due to differences in sample collection and analytical techniques. In summary, we show the current achievements and directions for future research.
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17
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Neurotransmission through dopamine D1 receptors is required for aversive memory formation and Arc activation in the cerebral cortex. Neurosci Res 2020; 156:58-65. [PMID: 32380131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurotransmission is considered to play an important role not only in reward-based learning, but also in aversive learning. Here, we investigated the role of dopaminergic neurotransmission via dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) in aversive memory formation in a passive avoidance test using D1R knockdown (KD) mice, in which the expression of D1Rs can conditionally and reversibly be controlled by doxycycline (Dox) treatment. We also performed whole-brain imaging after aversive footshock stimulation in activity-regulated cytoskeleton protein (Arc)-dVenus D1RKD mice, which were crossbred from Arc-dVenus transgenic mice and D1RKD mice, to examine the distribution of Arc-controlled dVenus expression in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex during aversive memory formation. Knockdown of D1R expression following Dox treatment resulted in impaired performance in the passive avoidance test and was associated with a decrease in dVenus expression in the cerebral cortex (visual, somatosensory, and motor cortices), but not the hippocampus, compared with control mice without Dox treatment. These findings indicate that D1R-mediated dopaminergic transmission is critical for aversive memory formation, specifically by influencing Arc expression in the cerebral cortex.
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18
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Chen X, Wang Y, Wu H, Cheng C, Le W. Research advances on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: from animal models to human disease. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2055-2065. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Chapman G, Shanmugalingam U, Smith PD. The Role of Neuronal Pentraxin 2 (NP2) in Regulating Glutamatergic Signaling and Neuropathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 13:575. [PMID: 31969807 PMCID: PMC6960182 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentraxins are a superfamily of evolutionarily conserved proteins that are characterized by their multimeric architecture and their calcium-dependent binding. They can be broadly grouped into two subfamilies: short pentraxins and long pentraxins. Pentraxins regulate many processes in the brain as well as the periphery. Neuronal pentraxin 2 (NP2/NPTX2), also known as neuronal activity-regulated pentraxin (Narp), is an immediate-early gene that has been shown to play a critical role in guiding synaptic plasticity. NP2 has been previously linked to excitatory neurotransmission, based on its ability to aggregate excitatory receptors in the central nervous system. The mechanisms mediating the effects of NP2 on excitatory neurotransmission remain unclear and warrants further investigation. This review article focuses on the biological features of NP2 and discusses the literature supporting a role for NP2 and other pentraxins in glutamatergic signaling. An analysis of evidence around the role of pentraxins in neuropathology is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Chapman
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Patrice D Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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20
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Chagraoui A, Boulain M, Juvin L, Anouar Y, Barrière G, De Deurwaerdère P. L-DOPA in Parkinson's Disease: Looking at the "False" Neurotransmitters and Their Meaning. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010294. [PMID: 31906250 PMCID: PMC6981630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) has been successfully used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) for more than 50 years. It fulfilled the criteria to cross the blood–brain barrier and counteract the biochemical defect of dopamine (DA). It remarkably worked after some adjustments in line with the initial hypothesis, leaving a poor place to the plethora of mechanisms involving other neurotransmitters or mechanisms of action beyond newly synthesized DA itself. Yet, its mechanism of action is far from clear. It involves numerous distinct cell populations and does not mimic the mechanism of action of dopaminergic agonists. L-DOPA-derived DA is mainly released by serotonergic neurons as a false neurotransmitter, and serotonergic neurons are involved in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. The brain pattern and magnitude of DA extracellular levels together with this status of false neurotransmitters suggest that the striatal effects of DA via this mechanism would be minimal. Other metabolic products coming from newly formed DA or through the metabolism of L-DOPA itself could be involved. These compounds can be trace amines and derivatives. They could accumulate within the terminals of the remaining monoaminergic neurons. These “false neurotransmitters,” also known for some of them as inducing an “amphetamine-like” mechanism, could reduce the content of biogenic amines in terminals of monoaminergic neurons, thereby impairing the exocytotic process of monoamines including L-DOPA-induced DA extracellular outflow. The aim of this review is to present the mechanism of action of L-DOPA with a specific attention to “false neurotransmission.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeslam Chagraoui
- Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239 CHU de Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (A.C.); (Y.A.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, CHU de Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie Boulain
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
| | - Laurent Juvin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239 CHU de Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (A.C.); (Y.A.)
| | - Grégory Barrière
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-0-557-57-12-90
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21
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Pagliaroli L, Widomska J, Nespoli E, Hildebrandt T, Barta C, Glennon J, Hengerer B, Poelmans G. Riluzole Attenuates L-DOPA-Induced Abnormal Involuntary Movements Through Decreasing CREB1 Activity: Insights from a Rat Model. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:5111-5121. [PMID: 30484112 PMCID: PMC6647536 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic administration of L-DOPA, the first-line treatment of dystonic symptoms in childhood or in Parkinson's disease, often leads to the development of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs), which represent an important clinical problem. Although it is known that Riluzole attenuates L-DOPA-induced AIMs, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are not understood. Therefore, we studied the behavior and performed RNA sequencing of the striatum in three groups of rats that all received a unilateral lesion with 6-hydroxydopamine in their medial forebrain bundle, followed by the administration of saline, L-DOPA, or L-DOPA combined with Riluzole. First, we provide evidence that Riluzole attenuates AIMs in this rat model. Subsequently, analysis of the transcriptomics data revealed that Riluzole is predicted to reduce the activity of CREB1, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of multiple proteins that interact in a molecular landscape involved in apoptosis. Although this mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of Riluzole on AIMs needs to be confirmed, it provides clues towards novel or existing compounds for the treatment of AIMs that modulate the activity of CREB1 and, hence, its downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pagliaroli
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Joanna Widomska
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ester Nespoli
- CNS Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias Hildebrandt
- Target Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Csaba Barta
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jeffrey Glennon
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastian Hengerer
- CNS Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Geert Poelmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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22
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Portrait of blood-derived extracellular vesicles in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 124:163-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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23
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Cormier-Dequaire F, Bekadar S, Anheim M, Lebbah S, Pelissolo A, Krack P, Lacomblez L, Lhommée E, Castrioto A, Azulay JP, Defebvre L, Kreisler A, Durif F, Marques-Raquel A, Brefel-Courbon C, Grabli D, Roze E, Llorca PM, Ory-Magne F, Benatru I, Ansquer S, Maltête D, Tir M, Krystkowiak P, Tranchant C, Lagha-Boukbiza O, Lebrun-Vignes B, Mangone G, Vidailhet M, Charbonnier-Beaupel F, Rascol O, Lesage S, Brice A, Tezenas du Montcel S, Corvol JC. Suggestive association between OPRM1 and impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2018; 33:1878-1886. [PMID: 30444952 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulse control disorders are frequently associated with dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease. Genetic studies have suggested a high heritability of impulse control disorders in the general population and in PD. The aim of this study was to identify candidate gene variants associated with impulse control disorders and related behaviors in PD. METHODS We performed a multicenter case-control study in PD patients with (cases) or without impulse control disorders and related behaviors despite significant dopamine agonist exposure of >300 mg levodopa-equivalent daily dose during 12 months (controls). Behavioral disorders were assessed using the Ardouin scale. We investigated 50 variants in 24 candidate genes by a multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex and age at PD onset. RESULTS The analysis was performed on 172 cases and 132 controls. Cases were younger (60 ± 8 vs 63 ± 8 years; P < 0.001) and had a higher family history of pathological gambling (12% vs 5%, P = 0.03). No variant was significantly associated with impulse control disorders or related behaviors after correction for multiple testing, although the 2 top variants were close to significant (OPRM1 rs179991, OR, 0.49; 95%CI, 0.32-0.76; P = 0.0013; Bonferroni adjusted P = 0.065; DAT1 40-base pair variable number tandem repeat, OR, 1.82; 95%CI, 1.24-2.68; P = 0.0021; Bonferroni adjusted P = 0.105). CONCLUSIONS Our results are suggestive of a novel association of the opioid receptor gene OPRM1 with impulse control disorders and related behaviors in PD and confirm a previous association with DAT1. Although replication in independent studies is needed, our results bring potential new insights to the understanding of molecular mechanisms of impulse control disorders. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Cormier-Dequaire
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, CIC-1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Paris, France
| | - Samir Bekadar
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Said Lebbah
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Research Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Pelissolo
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor, DHU PePSY, Service de Psychiatrie; INSERM, U955, team 15; UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Paul Krack
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, INSERM U1216, Grenoble, France.,Department of Basic Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, and Clinic of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucette Lacomblez
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, CIC-1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Pharmacologie and Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, Paris, France
| | - Eugénie Lhommée
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, INSERM U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Anna Castrioto
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, INSERM U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Azulay
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, CHU Timone, Service de neurologie et pathologie du mouvement, Marseille, France; CNRS, institut de neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille université, UMR 7289, Marseille, France
| | - Luc Defebvre
- Université de Lille, faculté de médecine, CHRU de Lille, centre expert Parkinson, hôpital Salengro, service de neurologie et pathologie du mouvement, Lille, France.,INSERM, U 1171, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Kreisler
- Université de Lille, faculté de médecine, CHRU de Lille, centre expert Parkinson, hôpital Salengro, service de neurologie et pathologie du mouvement, Lille, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1172; team "early stages of Parkinson's disease,", Lille, France
| | - Franck Durif
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Neurology, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ana Marques-Raquel
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Neurology, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Brefel-Courbon
- University of Toulouse 3, University Hospital of Toulouse, INSERM; Departments of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Investigation Center CIC 1436, Toulouse Parkinson Expert Center, NS-Park/FCRIN Network and NeuroToul Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Disorders (COEN), Toulouse, France
| | - David Grabli
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, CIC-1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, CIC-1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- CMP B CHU Clermont-Ferrand, EA 7280, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Fabienne Ory-Magne
- University of Toulouse 3, University Hospital of Toulouse, INSERM; Departments of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Investigation Center CIC 1436, Toulouse Parkinson Expert Center, NS-Park/FCRIN Network and NeuroToul Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Disorders (COEN), Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Benatru
- CHU de Poitiers, INSERM CIC 1402, Service de Neurophysiologie, Poitiers, France
| | - Solene Ansquer
- CHU de Poitiers, INSERM CIC 1402, Service de Neurologie, Poitiers, France
| | - David Maltête
- Rouen University Hospital, University of Rouen, INSERM U 1073 1, Department of Neurology, Rouen, France
| | - Melissa Tir
- CHU d'Amiens, Service de Neurologie, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Amiens, France.,Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologie, Amiens, France
| | - Pierre Krystkowiak
- CHU d'Amiens, Service de Neurologie, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Amiens, France
| | - Christine Tranchant
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Bénédicte Lebrun-Vignes
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Pharmacologie and Regional Pharmacovigilance Center, Paris, France
| | - Graziella Mangone
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, CIC-1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, CIC-1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Paris, France
| | | | - Olivier Rascol
- University of Toulouse 3, University Hospital of Toulouse, INSERM; Departments of Neurosciences and Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Investigation Center CIC 1436, Toulouse Parkinson Expert Center, NS-Park/FCRIN Network and NeuroToul Center of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Disorders (COEN), Toulouse, France
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Genetics, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Tezenas du Montcel
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Clinical Research Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, U 1136, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Biostatistics, Public Health and Medical information Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S1127, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S1127, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR_7225, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, CIC-1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN network, Paris, France
| | -
- Sorbonne Universités, UMR S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F-75013, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Biostatistics, Public Health and Medical information Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France
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24
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MTOR Pathway-Based Discovery of Genetic Susceptibility to L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2092-2100. [PMID: 29992529 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dyskinesia induced by L-DOPA administration (LID) is one of the most invalidating adverse effects of the gold standard treatment restoring dopamine transmission in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, LID manifestation in parkinsonian patients is variable and heterogeneous. Here, we performed a candidate genetic pathway analysis of the mTOR signaling cascade to elucidate a potential genetic contribution to LID susceptibility, since mTOR inhibition ameliorates LID in PD animal models. We screened 64 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mapping to 57 genes of the mTOR pathway in a retrospective cohort of 401 PD cases treated with L-DOPA (70 PD with moderate/severe LID and 331 with no/mild LID). We performed classic allelic, genotypic, and epistatic analyses to evaluate the association of individual or combinations of SNPs with LID onset and with LID severity after initiation of L-DOPA treatment. As for the time to LID onset, we found significant associations with SNP rs1043098 in the EIF4EBP2 gene and also with an epistatic interaction involving EIF4EBP2 rs1043098, RICTOR rs2043112, and PRKCA rs4790904. For LID severity, we found significant association with HRAS rs12628 and PRKN rs1801582 and also with a four-loci epistatic combination involving RPS6KB1 rs1292034, HRAS rs12628, RPS6KA2 rs6456121, and FCHSD1 rs456998. These findings indicate that the mTOR pathway contributes genetically to LID susceptibility. Our study could help to identify the most susceptible PD patients to L-DOPA in order to prevent the appearance of early and/or severe LID in a future. This information could also be used to stratify PD patients in clinical trials in a more accurate way.
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25
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Loiodice S, Denibaud AS, Deffains W, Alix M, Montagne P, Seffals M, Drieu La Rochelle C. Validation of a New Scoring Scale for Behavioral Assessment of L-Dopa-Induced Dyskinesia in the Rat: A New Tool for Early Decision-Making in Drug Development. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:762-772. [PMID: 29226687 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated nonhuman primate (NHP) has been described as the most translatable model for experimental reproduction of L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). However, from a drug discovery perspective, the risk associated with investment in this type of model is high due to the time and cost. The 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat dyskinesia model is recommended for testing compounds but relies on onerous, and nonstandard behavioral rating scales. We sought to develop a simplified and sensitive method aiming at assessing LID in the rat. The purpose was to validate a reliable tool providing earlier insight into the antidyskinetic potential of compounds in a time/cost-effective manner before further investigation in NHP models. Unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats were administered L-dopa (20 mg/kg) and benserazide (5 mg/kg) daily for 3 weeks starting 4 weeks postlesion, then coadministered with amantadine (20-30-40 mg/kg). An adapted rating scale was used to score LID frequency and a severity coefficient was applied depending on the features of the observed behavior. A gradual increase (about 3-fold) in LID score was observed over the 3 weeks of L-dopa treatment. The rating scale was sensitive enough to highlight a dose-dependent amantadine-mediated decrease (about 2.2-fold) in LID score. We validated a simplified method, able to reflect different levels of severity in the assessment of LID and, thus, provide a reliable tool for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Loiodice
- Non-Clinical Department, Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denibaud
- Non-Clinical Department, Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Wendy Deffains
- Non-Clinical Department, Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Magali Alix
- Non-Clinical Department, Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Montagne
- Non-Clinical Department, Biotrial Pharmacology, 7-9 rue Jean-Louis Bertrand, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Marine Seffals
- Plate-Forme H2P2, Université de Rennes 1, Biosit, 2 Av. du Prof. Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes, France
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26
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You H, Mariani LL, Mangone G, Le Febvre de Nailly D, Charbonnier-Beaupel F, Corvol JC. Molecular basis of dopamine replacement therapy and its side effects in Parkinson's disease. Cell Tissue Res 2018. [PMID: 29516217 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There is currently no cure for Parkinson's disease. The symptomatic therapeutic strategy essentially relies on dopamine replacement whose efficacy was demonstrated more than 50 years ago following the introduction of the dopamine precursor, levodopa. The spectacular antiparkinsonian effect of levodopa is, however, balanced by major limitations including the occurrence of motor complications related to its particular pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Other therapeutic strategies have thus been developed to overcome these problems such as the use of dopamine receptor agonists, dopamine metabolism inhibitors and non-dopaminergic drugs. Here we review the pharmacology and molecular mechanisms of dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease, both at the presynaptic and postsynaptic levels. The perspectives in terms of novel drug development and prediction of drug response for a more personalised medicine will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana You
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, Unit 1127, CIC 1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,CNRS, Unit 7225, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital (Inselspital) and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Louise-Laure Mariani
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, Unit 1127, CIC 1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,CNRS, Unit 7225, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Graziella Mangone
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,INSERM, Unit 1127, CIC 1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,CNRS, Unit 7225, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Le Febvre de Nailly
- INSERM, Unit 1127, CIC 1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Pharmacy, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Charbonnier-Beaupel
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Pharmacy, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. .,INSERM, Unit 1127, CIC 1422, NS-PARK/FCRIN, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. .,CNRS, Unit 7225, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. .,Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. .,CIC Neurosciences, ICM building, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47/83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
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27
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Signal transduction in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: from receptor sensitization to abnormal gene expression. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1171-1186. [PMID: 29396608 PMCID: PMC6060907 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1847-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A large number of signaling abnormalities have been implicated in the emergence and expression of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). The primary cause for many of these changes is the development of sensitization at dopamine receptors located on striatal projection neurons (SPN). This initial priming, which is particularly evident at the level of dopamine D1 receptors (D1R), can be viewed as a homeostatic response to dopamine depletion and is further exacerbated by chronic administration of l-DOPA, through a variety of mechanisms affecting various components of the G-protein-coupled receptor machinery. Sensitization of dopamine receptors in combination with pulsatile administration of l-DOPA leads to intermittent and coordinated hyperactivation of signal transduction cascades, ultimately resulting in long-term modifications of gene expression and protein synthesis. A detailed mapping of these pathological changes and of their involvement in LID has been produced during the last decade. According to this emerging picture, activation of sensitized D1R results in the stimulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and of the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa. This, in turn, activates the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK), leading to chromatin remodeling and aberrant gene transcription. Dysregulated ERK results also in the stimulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1, which promotes protein synthesis. Enhanced levels of multiple effector targets, including several transcription factors have been implicated in LID and associated changes in synaptic plasticity and morphology. This article provides an overview of the intracellular modifications occurring in SPN and associated with LID.
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Bao XJ, Wang GC, Zuo FX, Li XY, Wu J, Chen G, Dou WC, Guo Y, Shen Q, Wang RZ. Transcriptome profiling of the subventricular zone and dentate gyrus in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:771-783. [PMID: 28677758 PMCID: PMC5547956 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ), as well as in the subgranular zone contributes to brain maintenance and regeneration. In the adult brain, dopamine (DA) can regulate the endogenous neural stem cells within these two regions, while a DA deficit may affect neurogenesis. Notably, the factors that regulate in vivo neurogenesis in these subregions have not yet been fully characterized, particularly following DA depletion. In thi study, we performed RNA sequencing to investigate transcriptomic changes in the SVZ and dentate gyrus (DG) of mice in response to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). This analysis identified differentially expressed genes which were involved in the regulation of transcription, immune response, extracellular region, cell junction and myelination. These genes partially displayed different temporal profiles of expression, some of which may participate in the metabolic switch related to neurogenesis. Additionally, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was shown to be been positively regulated in the SVZ, while it was negatively affected in the DG following MPTP administration. Overall, our findings indicate that exposure to MPTP may exert different effects on transcriptome profiling between the SVZ and DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Geng-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Xing Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Yuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Guo Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Chen Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Qin Shen
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Ren-Zhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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A Figge D, Standaert DG. Dysregulation of BET proteins in levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 102:125-132. [PMID: 28286180 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Levodopa (L-DOPA) remains the most effective pharmacological treatment for Parkinson Disease (PD) but its use is limited by the development of debilitating drug-related side effects, particularly L-DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID). LID is a consequence of long-term L-DOPA use, and in model systems is characterized by a "priming effect", whereby initial administrations of L-DOPA trigger a sensitized biochemical and transcriptional response upon subsequent dopaminergic stimulation. Preliminary studies into the mechanisms underlying this cellular memory have indicated an important role for epigenetic change but many of the downstream mechanisms remain unknown. The family of bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins, which bind acetylated histones, play a critical effector role in the regulation of transcription. BET proteins have been implicated in several forms of neural plasticity, but their potential relevance to LID remains unexplored. Using the 6-OHDA rodent model of LID, we show that dyskinesia development induces alterations in BET protein expression along with enhanced occupation of sites at the promoter and enhancer regions of genes dysregulated during dyskinesia development. When BET function was blocked using the pharmacologic inhibitor JQ1, LID was prevented. In addition, we found that JQ1 treatment blocked the transcriptional upregulation of several immediate-early genes known to participate in the pathogenesis of dyskinesia. Together, these results demonstrate an essential role for BET protein activity as an epigenetic "reader" of the altered histone acetylation required for LID development and suggest that modulation of BET protein function is a potential therapeutic avenue for the prevention or reversal of LID in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Figge
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - David G Standaert
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Chen G, Nie S, Han C, Ma K, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Papa SM, Cao X. Antidyskinetic Effects of MEK Inhibitor Are Associated with Multiple Neurochemical Alterations in the Striatum of Hemiparkinsonian Rats. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:112. [PMID: 28337120 PMCID: PMC5343040 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) represents one of the major problems of the long-term therapy of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Although, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying LID are not completely understood, activation of the extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) is recognized to play a key role. ERK is phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), and thus MEK inhibitor can prevent ERK activation. Here the effect of the MEK inhibitor PD98059 on LID and the associated molecular changes were examined. Rats with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway received daily L-DOPA treatment for 3 weeks, and abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) were assessed every other day. PD98059 was injected in the lateral ventricle daily for 12 days starting from day 10 of L-DOPA treatment. Striatal molecular markers of LID were analyzed together with gene regulation using microarray. The administration of PD98059 significantly reduced AIMs. In addition, ERK activation and other associated molecular changes including ΔFosB were reversed in rats treated with the MEK inhibitor. PD98059 induced significant up-regulation of 418 transcripts and down-regulation of 378 transcripts in the striatum. Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (Arnt) genes were down-regulated in lesioned animals and up-regulated in L-DOPA-treated animals. Analysis of protein levels showed that PD98059 reduced the striatal TH. These results support the association of p-ERK1/2, ΔFosB, p-H3 to the regulation of TH and ARNT in the mechanisms of LID, and pinpoint other gene regulatory changes, thus providing clues for identifying new targets for LID therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Shuke Nie
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan, China
| | - Stella M Papa
- Department of Neurology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
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31
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Alcacer C, Andreoli L, Sebastianutto I, Jakobsson J, Fieblinger T, Cenci MA. Chemogenetic stimulation of striatal projection neurons modulates responses to Parkinson's disease therapy. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:720-734. [PMID: 28112685 DOI: 10.1172/jci90132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) patients experience loss of normal motor function (hypokinesia), but can develop uncontrollable movements known as dyskinesia upon treatment with L-DOPA. Poverty or excess of movement in PD has been attributed to overactivity of striatal projection neurons forming either the indirect (iSPNs) or the direct (dSPNs) pathway, respectively. Here, we investigated the two pathways' contribution to different motor features using SPN type-specific chemogenetic stimulation in rodent models of PD (PD mice) and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID mice). Using the activatory Gq-coupled human M3 muscarinic receptor (hM3Dq), we found that chemogenetic stimulation of dSPNs mimicked, while stimulation of iSPNs abolished the therapeutic action of L-DOPA in PD mice. In LID mice, hM3Dq stimulation of dSPNs exacerbated dyskinetic responses to L-DOPA, while stimulation of iSPNs inhibited these responses. In the absence of L-DOPA, only chemogenetic stimulation of dSPNs mediated through the Gs-coupled modified rat muscarinic M3 receptor (rM3Ds) induced appreciable dyskinesia in PD mice. Combining D2 receptor agonist treatment with rM3Ds-dSPN stimulation reproduced all symptoms of LID. These results demonstrate that dSPNs and iSPNs oppositely modulate both therapeutic and dyskinetic responses to dopamine replacement therapy in PD. We also show that chemogenetic stimulation of different signaling pathways in dSPNs leads to markedly different motor outcomes. Our findings have important implications for the design of effective antiparkinsonian and antidyskinetic drug therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Levodopa/adverse effects
- Levodopa/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neural Pathways/metabolism
- Neural Pathways/pathology
- Neurons/metabolism
- Neurons/pathology
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/drug therapy
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/metabolism
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/pathology
- Rats
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/agonists
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/genetics
- Receptor, Muscarinic M3/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/agonists
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Visual Cortex/metabolism
- Visual Cortex/pathology
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32
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Amorim IS, Graham LC, Carter RN, Morton NM, Hammachi F, Kunath T, Pennetta G, Carpanini SM, Manson JC, Lamont DJ, Wishart TM, Gillingwater TH. Sideroflexin 3 is an α-synuclein-dependent mitochondrial protein that regulates synaptic morphology. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:325-331. [PMID: 28049716 PMCID: PMC5278670 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.194241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein plays a central role in Parkinson's disease, where it contributes to the vulnerability of synapses to degeneration. However, the downstream mechanisms through which α-synuclein controls synaptic stability and degeneration are not fully understood. Here, comparative proteomics on synapses isolated from α-synuclein-/- mouse brain identified mitochondrial proteins as primary targets of α-synuclein, revealing 37 mitochondrial proteins not previously linked to α-synuclein or neurodegeneration pathways. Of these, sideroflexin 3 (SFXN3) was found to be a mitochondrial protein localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Loss of SFXN3 did not disturb mitochondrial electron transport chain function in mouse synapses, suggesting that its function in mitochondria is likely to be independent of canonical bioenergetic pathways. In contrast, experimental manipulation of SFXN3 levels disrupted synaptic morphology at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. These results provide novel insights into α-synuclein-dependent pathways, highlighting an important influence on mitochondrial proteins at the synapse, including SFXN3. We also identify SFXN3 as a new mitochondrial protein capable of regulating synaptic morphology in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês S. Amorim
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Laura C. Graham
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK,Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Roderick N. Carter
- Molecular Metabolism Group, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburg, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Nicholas M. Morton
- Molecular Metabolism Group, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburg, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Fella Hammachi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Tilo Kunath
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Giuseppa Pennetta
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Sarah M. Carpanini
- Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Jean C. Manson
- Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Douglas J. Lamont
- FingerPrints Proteomics Facility, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Thomas M. Wishart
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK,Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Thomas H. Gillingwater
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK,Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Chancellor's Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK,Author for correspondence ()
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33
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Pramipexole induced place preference after L-dopa therapy and nigral dopaminergic loss: linking behavior to transcriptional modifications. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:15-27. [PMID: 27614895 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Impulsive-compulsive disorders (ICD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been described as behavioral or substance addictions including hypersexuality, gambling, or compulsive medication use of the dopamine replacement therapy (DRT). OBJECTIVES A remaining challenge is to understand the neuroadaptations leading to reward bias in PD patients under DRT. METHODS To this end, the appetitive effect of the D2/D3 agonist pramipexole was assessed after chronic exposure to L-dopa in an alpha-synuclein PD rat model. RESULTS Association of progressive nigral loss and chronic L-dopa was required to observe a pramipexole-induced place preference. This behavioral outcome was inhibited by metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonism while transcriptional profiling highlighted regulations potentially related to the context of psychostimulant addiction. CONCLUSION This study provides evidences strongly suggesting that PD-like lesion and L-dopa therapy were concomitant factors involved in striatal remodeling underlying the pramipexole-induced place preference. Molecular and pharmacological data suggest a key involvement of the glutamatergic pathway in this behavioral outcome.
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34
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Carta AR, Mulas G, Bortolanza M, Duarte T, Pillai E, Fisone G, Vozari RR, Del-Bel E. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and neuroinflammation: do microglia and astrocytes play a role? Eur J Neurosci 2016; 45:73-91. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna R. Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Giovanna Mulas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Terence Duarte
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elisabetta Pillai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience; Karolinska Institutet; Retzius väg 8 17177 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rita Raisman Vozari
- INSERM U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR S 1127; Institut Du Cerveau et de La Moelle Epiniére; ICM; Paris France
| | - Elaine Del-Bel
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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35
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Del-Bel E, Bortolanza M, Dos-Santos-Pereira M, Bariotto K, Raisman-Vozari R. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: Are neuroinflammation and astrocytes key elements? Synapse 2016; 70:479-500. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Del-Bel
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Physiology; FMRP; São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Neurology and Behavioral Neuroscience; FMRP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Bandeirantes 13400 Ribeirão Preto SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maurício Dos-Santos-Pereira
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Physiology; FMRP; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Keila Bariotto
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Neurology and Behavioral Neuroscience; FMRP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Bandeirantes 13400 Ribeirão Preto SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Rita Raisman-Vozari
- INSERM UMR 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, UPMC; Thérapeutique Expérimentale de la Neurodégénérescence, Hôpital de la Salpetrière-ICM (Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière); Paris France
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36
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De Deurwaerdère P, Di Giovanni G, Millan MJ. Expanding the repertoire of L-DOPA's actions: A comprehensive review of its functional neurochemistry. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 151:57-100. [PMID: 27389773 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Though a multi-facetted disorder, Parkinson's disease is prototypically characterized by neurodegeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to a severe disruption of motor function. Accordingly, L-DOPA, the metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA), is well-established as a treatment for the motor deficits of Parkinson's disease despite long-term complications such as dyskinesia and psychiatric side-effects. Paradoxically, however, despite the traditional assumption that L-DOPA is transformed in residual striatal dopaminergic neurons into DA, the mechanism of action of L-DOPA is neither simple nor entirely clear. Herein, focussing on its influence upon extracellular DA and other neuromodulators in intact animals and experimental models of Parkinson's disease, we highlight effects other than striatal generation of DA in the functional profile of L-DOPA. While not excluding a minor role for glial cells, L-DOPA is principally transformed into DA in neurons yet, interestingly, with a more important role for serotonergic than dopaminergic projections. Moreover, in addition to the striatum, L-DOPA evokes marked increases in extracellular DA in frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, the subthalamic nucleus and additional extra-striatal regions. In considering its functional profile, it is also important to bear in mind the marked (probably indirect) influence of L-DOPA upon cholinergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the basal ganglia and/or cortex, while anomalous serotonergic transmission is incriminated in the emergence of L-DOPA elicited dyskinesia and psychosis. Finally, L-DOPA may exert intrinsic receptor-mediated actions independently of DA neurotransmission and can be processed into bioactive metabolites. In conclusion, L-DOPA exerts a surprisingly complex pattern of neurochemical effects of much greater scope that mere striatal transformation into DA in spared dopaminergic neurons. Their further experimental and clinical clarification should help improve both L-DOPA-based and novel strategies for controlling the motor and other symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR CNRS 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Neuroscience Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Malta
| | - Mark J Millan
- Institut de Recherche Servier, Pole for Therapeutic Innovation in Neuropsychiatry, 78290 Croissy/Seine,Paris, France
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37
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Figge DA, Eskow Jaunarajs KL, Standaert DG. Dynamic DNA Methylation Regulates Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia. J Neurosci 2016; 36:6514-24. [PMID: 27307239 PMCID: PMC5015786 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0683-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a persistent behavioral sensitization that develops after repeated levodopa (l-DOPA) exposure in Parkinson disease patients. LID is a consequence of sustained changes in the transcriptional behavior of striatal neurons following dopaminergic stimulation. In neurons, transcriptional regulation through dynamic DNA methylation has been shown pivotal to many long-term behavioral modifications; however, its role in LID has not yet been explored. Using a rodent model, we show LID development leads to the aberrant expression of DNA demethylating enzymes and locus-specific changes to DNA methylation at the promoter regions of genes aberrantly transcribed following l-DOPA treatment. Looking for dynamic DNA methylation in LID genome-wide, we used reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and found an extensive reorganization of the dorsal striatal methylome. LID development led to significant demethylation at many important regulatory areas of aberrantly transcribed genes. We used pharmacologic treatments that alter DNA methylation bidirectionally and found them able to modulate dyskinetic behaviors. Together, these findings demonstrate that l-DOPA induces widespread changes to striatal DNA methylation and that these modifications are required for the development and maintenance of LID. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) develops after repeated levodopa (l-DOPA) exposure in Parkinson disease patients and remains one of the primary obstacles to effective treatment. LID behaviors are a consequence of striatal neuron sensitization due to sustained changes in transcriptional behavior; however, the mechanisms responsible for the long-term maintenance of this cellular priming remain uncertain. Regulation of dynamic DNA methylation has been shown pivotal to the maintenance of several long-term behavioral modifications, yet its role in LID has not yet been explored. In this work, we report a pivotal role for the reorganization of DNA methylation in the development of LID and show that modification of DNA methylation may be a novel therapeutic target for use in preventing or reversing dyskinetic behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Figge
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Karen L Eskow Jaunarajs
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - David G Standaert
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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38
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Bastide MF, Meissner WG, Picconi B, Fasano S, Fernagut PO, Feyder M, Francardo V, Alcacer C, Ding Y, Brambilla R, Fisone G, Jon Stoessl A, Bourdenx M, Engeln M, Navailles S, De Deurwaerdère P, Ko WKD, Simola N, Morelli M, Groc L, Rodriguez MC, Gurevich EV, Quik M, Morari M, Mellone M, Gardoni F, Tronci E, Guehl D, Tison F, Crossman AR, Kang UJ, Steece-Collier K, Fox S, Carta M, Angela Cenci M, Bézard E. Pathophysiology of L-dopa-induced motor and non-motor complications in Parkinson's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2015. [PMID: 26209473 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa (L-dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately experienced by the vast majority of patients. In addition, psychiatric conditions often manifested as compulsive behaviours, are emerging as a serious problem in the management of L-dopa therapy. The present review attempts to provide an overview of our current understanding of dyskinesia and other L-dopa-induced dysfunctions, a field that dramatically evolved in the past twenty years. In view of the extensive literature on LID, there appeared a critical need to re-frame the concepts, to highlight the most suitable models, to review the central nervous system (CNS) circuitry that may be involved, and to propose a pathophysiological framework was timely and necessary. An updated review to clarify our understanding of LID and other L-dopa-related side effects was therefore timely and necessary. This review should help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing the generation of dyskinetic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu F Bastide
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bordeaux, France
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Fasano
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierre-Olivier Fernagut
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michael Feyder
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronica Francardo
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cristina Alcacer
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yunmin Ding
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Riccardo Brambilla
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Jon Stoessl
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and National Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel Engeln
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvia Navailles
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Wai Kin D Ko
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicola Simola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Cagliari University, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Morelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Cagliari University, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laurent Groc
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut Interdisciplinaire de neurosciences, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut Interdisciplinaire de neurosciences, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Maria-Cruz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia and Neuroscience Unit, Bio Donostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eugenia V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Maryka Quik
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuela Mellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tronci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Section, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Dominique Guehl
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - François Tison
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Un Jung Kang
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine & The Udall Center of Excellence in Parkinson's Disease Research, 333 Bostwick Ave NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Susan Fox
- Morton & Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Center, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M4T 2S8, Canada
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Section, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erwan Bézard
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Motac Neuroscience Ltd, Manchester, UK.
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