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Coutelot F, Thomas RJ, Seaman JC. Using porous iron composite (PIC) material to immobilize rhenium as an analogue for technetium. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 128:379-389. [PMID: 31078007 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Technetium (99Tc), a uranium-235 (235U) and plutonium-239 (239Pu) fission product, is a primary risk driver in low level radioactive liquid waste at U.S. Department of Energy sites. Previous studies have shown success in using Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) to chemically reduce and immobilize redox sensitive groundwater contaminants. Batch and column experiments were performed to assess the ability of a novel porous iron composite material (PIC) to immobilize Tc(VII) in comparison with two commercial Fe oxide sorbents and reagent grade ZVI in the presence and absence of NO3-, a competing oxidized species that is often found in high concentrations in liquid nuclear waste. Perrhenate (ReO4-) was used as a non-radioactive chemical analogue for pertechnetate (TcO4-) under both oxic and anoxic test conditions. The PIC powder was the most effective at immobilizing Re(VII) under all batch test conditions. The presence of nitrate (NO3-) slowed the removal of ReO4- from solution, presumably through chemical reduction and precipitation. Even so, the PIC and ZVI were effective at removing both Re(VII) and NO3- completely from solution. Nitrate was reduced to NH3 with very little nitrite (NO2-) buildup during equilibration. Significant Re immobilization was observed in the column tests containing PIC sorbent, even though inlet solutions were in equilibrium with O2. The presence of NO3- hastened Re breakthrough, while NO3- reduction to NH3 was observed. The results suggest that PIC and ZVI would be the most effective at the removal of TcO4- from contaminated groundwater sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Coutelot
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC, USA; The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Robert J Thomas
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC, USA; The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - John C Seaman
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC, USA; The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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2
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Harguindeguy S, Crançon P, Potin Gautier M, Pointurier F, Lespes G. Colloidal mobilization from soil and transport of uranium in (sub)-surface waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:5294-5304. [PMID: 29998447 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
An analytical methodology was developed to characterize the colloidal distribution of trace elements of interest in environmental waters sampled in a same site and enables the different colloidal distributions from waters to be compared. The purpose was to provide consistent information related to the origin and nature of colloids responsible for the transport of trace element(s). The work was motivated by the observed enhanced mobility of uranium in soil. The colloidal size continuum was investigated by a multi-technique approach involving asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) coupled with ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), multi angle light scattering (MALS), and atomic mass spectrometry (ICPMS). To take into consideration the size and shape variability specific to each sample, the size distributions were established from the gyration radii measured from MALS, also considering the size information from standard nanospheres fractionated by AF4. A new parameter called "shape index" was proposed. It expresses the difference in hydrodynamic behavior between analytes and spherical particles taken as reference. Under AF4 diffusion conditions, it can be considered as an evaluator of the deviation from the sphericity of the fractionated analytes. AF4-UV-MALS-ICPMS enabled the dimensional and chemical characteristics of the colloidal size continuum to be obtained. As a "proof of concept", the developed methodology was applied at a field scale, in a reference study site. In order to have a "dynamic understanding", the investigation was based on the joint characterization of colloids from surface waters and soil leachates from static and dynamic processes. In the water samples of the study site, the continuum of gyration radius ranged from a few nanometers up to 200 nm. Colloids containing iron, aluminum, and organic carbon were involved in the uranium transport in the soil column and surface waters. The colloidal uranium concentration in the surface water increased from the upstream location (approximately 13 ng (U) L-1) to the downstream location (approximately 60 ng (U) L-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Harguindeguy
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254 UPPA-CNRS, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64000, Pau, France
- CEA, DAM, DIF, 91297, Arpajon, France
| | | | - Martine Potin Gautier
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254 UPPA-CNRS, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64000, Pau, France
| | | | - Gaëtane Lespes
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254 UPPA-CNRS, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64000, Pau, France.
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Mineral Phase-Element Associations Based on Sequential Leaching of Ferromanganese Crusts, Amerasia Basin Arctic Ocean. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ferromanganese (FeMn) crusts from Mendeleev Ridge, Chukchi Borderland, and Alpha Ridge, in the Amerasia Basin, Arctic Ocean, are similar based on morphology and chemical composition. The crusts are characterized by a two- to four-layered stratigraphy. The chemical composition of the Arctic crusts differs significantly from hydrogenetic crusts from elsewhere of global ocean by high mean Fe/Mn ratios, high As, Li, V, Sc, and Th concentrations, and high detrital contents. Here, we present element distributions through crust stratigraphic sections and element phase association using several complementary techniques such as SEM-EDS, LA-ICP-MS, and sequential leaching, a widely employed method of element phase association that dissolves mineral phases of different stability step-by-step: Exchangeable cations and Ca carbonates, Mn-oxides, Fe-hydroxides, and residual fraction. Sequential leaching shows that the Arctic crusts have higher contents of most elements characteristic of the aluminosilicate phase than do Pacific crusts. Elements have similar distributions between the hydrogenetic Mn and Fe phases in all the Arctic and Pacific crusts. The main host phases for the elements enriched in the Arctic crusts over Pacific crusts (Li, As, Th, and V) are the Mn-phase for Li and Fe-phase for As, Th, and V; those elements also have higher contents in the residual aluminosilicate phase. Thus, higher concentrations of Li, As, Th, and V likely occur in the dissolved and particulate phases in bottom waters where the Arctic crusts grow, which has been shown to be true for Sc, also highly enriched in the crusts. The phase distributions of elements within the crust layers is mostly consistent among the Arctic crusts, being somewhat different in element concentrations in the residual phase.
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Emerson HP, Hickok KA, Powell BA. Experimental evidence for ternary colloid-facilitated transport of Th(IV) with hematite (α-Fe 2O 3) colloids and Suwannee River fulvic acid. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 165:168-181. [PMID: 27723529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous field experiments have suggested colloid-facilitated transport via inorganic and organic colloids as the primary mechanism of enhanced actinide transport in the subsurface at former nuclear weapons facilities. In this work, research was guided by the hypothesis that humic substances can enhance tetravalent actinide (An(IV)) migration by coating and mobilizing natural colloids in environmental systems and increasing An(IV) sorption to colloids. This mechanism is expected to occur under relatively acidic conditions where organic matter can sorb and coat colloid surfaces and facilitate formation of ternary colloid-ligand-actinide complexes. The objective of this work was to examine Th transport through packed columns in the presence of hematite colloids and/or Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA). In the presence of SRFA, with or without hematite colloids, significant transport (>60% recovery within the effluent) of thorium occurred through quartz columns. It is notable that the SRFA contributed to increased transport of both Th and hematite colloids, while insignificant transport occurred in the absence of fulvic acid. Further, in the presence of a natural sandy sediment (as opposed to pure quartz), transport is negligible in the presence of SRFA due to interactions with natural, clay-sized sediment coatings. Moreover, this data shows that the transport of Th through quartz columns is enhanced in ternary Th-colloid-SRFA and binary Th-SRFA systems as compared to a system containing only Th.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary P Emerson
- Clemson University, Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625, United States.
| | - Katherine A Hickok
- Clemson University, Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625, United States
| | - Brian A Powell
- Clemson University, Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625, United States.
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5
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Association and migration behavior of trace metals with humus colloidal particles in aquatic subsurface medium. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-016-5056-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tran E, Klein Ben-David O, Teutch N, Weisbrod N. Influence of heteroaggregation processes between intrinsic colloids and carrier colloids on cerium(III) mobility through fractured carbonate rocks. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 100:88-97. [PMID: 27183207 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Colloid facilitated transport of radionuclides has been implicated as a major transport vector for leaked nuclear waste in the subsurface. Sorption of radionuclides onto mobile carrier colloids such as bentonite and humic acid often accelerates their transport through saturated rock fractures. Here, we employ column studies to investigate the impact of intrinsic, bentonite and humic acid colloids on the transport and recovery of Ce(III) through a fractured chalk core. Ce(III) recovery where either bentonite or humic colloids were added was 7.7-26.9% Ce for all experiments. Greater Ce(III) recovery was observed when both types of carrier colloids were present (25.4-37.4%). When only bentonite colloids were present, Ce(III) appeared to be fractionated between chemical sorption to the bentonite colloid surfaces and heteroaggregation of bentonite colloids with intrinsic carbonate colloids, precipitated naturally in solution. However, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and colloid stability experiments reveal that in suspensions of humic acid colloids, colloid-facilitated Ce(III) migration results only from the latter attachment mechanism rather than from chemical sorption. This observed heteroaggregation of different colloid types may be an important factor to consider when predicting potential mobility of leaked radionuclides from geological repositories for spent fuel located in carbonate rocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Tran
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Studies, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Ofra Klein Ben-David
- Nuclear Research Center of the Negev, Negev, PO Box 9001, Beer Sheva, 84190, Israel
| | - Nadya Teutch
- Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel St., Jerusalem, 95501, Israel
| | - Noam Weisbrod
- The Zuckerburg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Studies, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel.
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7
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Association and migration of uranium and thorium with silica colloidal particles in saturated subsurface zone. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Singhal RK, Basu H, Pimple MV, Manisha V, Bassan MKT, Reddy AVR. Use of ultra-filtration in organic-rich groundwater for the physical separation of thorium. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xie J, Lin J, Zhou X, Li M, Zhou G. Plutonium partitioning in three-phase systems with water, granite grains, and different colloids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:7219-7226. [PMID: 24562456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2649-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Low-solubility contaminants with high affinity for colloid surfaces may form colloid-associated species. The mobile characteristics of this species are, however, ignored by the traditional sorption/distribution experiments in which colloidal species contributed to the immobile fraction of the contaminants retained on the solids as a result of centrifugation or ultrafiltration procedures. The mobility of the contaminants in subsurface environments might be underestimated accordingly. Our results show that colloidal species of (239)Pu in three-phase systems remained the highest percentages in comparison to both the dissolved species and the immobile species retained on the granite grains (solid phase), although the relative fraction of these three species depended on the colloid types. The real solid/liquid distribution coefficients (K s/d) experimentally determined were generally smaller than the traditional K s/d (i.e., the K s+c/d in this study) by ~1,000 mL/g for the three-phase systems with the mineral colloids (granite particle, soil colloid, or kaolinite colloid). For the humic acid system, the traditional K s/d was 140 mL/g, whereas the real K s/d was approximately zero. The deviations from the real solid/liquid K s/d were caused by the artificially increased immobile fraction of Pu. One has to be cautious in using K s/d-based transport models to predict the fate and transport of Pu in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchuan Xie
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, P.O. Box 69-14, Xi'an City, Shanxi Province, 710024, People's Republic of China,
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Zänker H, Hennig C. Colloid-borne forms of tetravalent actinides: a brief review. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2014; 157:87-105. [PMID: 24365396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tetravalent actinides, An(IV), are usually assumed to be little mobile in near-neutral environmental waters because of their low solubility. However, there are certain geochemical scenarios during which mobilization of An(IV) in a colloid-borne (waterborne) form cannot be ruled out. A compilation of colloid-borne forms of tetravalent actinides described so far for laboratory experiments together with several examples of An(IV) colloids observed in field experiments and real-world scenarios are given. They are intended to be a knowledge base and a tool for those who have to interpret actinide behavior under environmental conditions. Synthetic colloids containing structural An(IV) and synthetic colloids carrying adsorbed An(IV) are considered. Their behavior is compared with the behavior of An(IV) colloids observed after the intentional or unintentional release of actinides into the environment. A list of knowledge gaps as to the behavior of An(IV) colloids is provided and items which need further research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Zänker
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, P.O. Box 51 01 19, D-01314 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Christoph Hennig
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, P.O. Box 51 01 19, D-01314 Dresden, Germany
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Yamashita Y, Tanaka T, Adachi Y. Transport behavior and deposition kinetics of humic acid under acidic conditions in porous media. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Xie J, Lu J, Zhou X, Wang X, Li M, Du L, Liu Y, Zhou G. Plutonium-239 sorption and transport on/in unsaturated sediments: comparison of batch and column experiments for determining sorption coefficients. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-1960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kumar S, Rawat N, Kar AS, Tomar BS, Manchanda VK. Effect of humic acid on sorption of technetium by alumina. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 192:1040-1045. [PMID: 21733625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Sorption of technetium by alumina has been studied in absence as well as in presence of humic acid using (95)Tc(m) as a tracer. Measurements were carried out at fixed ionic strength (0.1M NaClO(4)) under varying pH (3-10) as well as redox (aerobic and reducing anaerobic) conditions. Under aerobic conditions, negligible sorption of technetium was observed onto alumina both in absence and in presence of humic acid. However, under reducing conditions (simulated with [Sn(II)] = 10(-6)M), presence of humic acid enhanced the sorption of technetium in the low pH region significantly and decreased at higher pH with respect to that in absence of humic acid. Linear additive as well as surface complexation modeling of Tc(IV) sorption in presence of humic acid indicated the predominant role of sorbed humic acid in deciding technetium sorption onto alumina.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, Maharastra, India
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14
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Boggs MA, Minton T, Dong W, Lomasney S, Islam MR, Gu B, Wall NA. Interactions of Tc(IV) with humic substances. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:2718-2724. [PMID: 21366306 DOI: 10.1021/es103390z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To understand the key processes affecting 99Tc mobility in the subsurface and help with the remediation of contaminated sites, the binding constants of several humic substances (humic and fulvic acids) with Tc(IV) were determined, using a solvent extraction technique. The novelty of this paper lies in the determination of the binding constants of the complexes formed with the individual species TcO(OH)+ and TcO(OH)2(0). Binding constants were found to be 6.8 and between 3.9 and 4.3, for logβ1,-1,1 and logβ1,-2,1, respectively; these values were little modified by a change of ionic strength, in most cases, between 0.1 and 1.0 M, nor were they by the nature and origin of the humic substances. Modeling calculations based on these show TcO(OH)-HA to be the predominant complex in a system containing 20 ppm HA and in the 4-6 pH range, whereas TcO(OH)2(0) and TcO(OH)2-HA are the major species, in the pH 6-8 range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Boggs
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
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Albarran N, Missana T, García-Gutiérrez M, Alonso U, Mingarro M. Strontium migration in a crystalline medium: effects of the presence of bentonite colloids. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2011; 122:76-85. [PMID: 21196062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effects of bentonite colloids on strontium migration in fractured crystalline medium were investigated. We analyzed first the transport behaviour of bentonite colloids alone at different flow rates; then we compared the transport behaviour of strontium as solute and of strontium previously adsorbed onto stable bentonite colloids at a water velocity of approximately 7.1·10(-6)m/s-224m/yr. Experiments with bentonite colloids alone showed that - at the lowest water flow rate used in our experiments (7.1·10(-6)m/s) - approximately 70% of the initially injected colloids were retained in the fracture. Nevertheless, the mobile colloidal fraction, moved through the fracture without retardation, at any flow rate. Bentonite colloids deposited over the fracture surface were identified during post-mortem analyses. The breakthrough curve of strontium as a solute, presented a retardation factor, R(f)~6, in agreement with its sorption onto the granite fracture surface. The breakthrough curve of strontium in the presence of bentonite colloids was much more complex, suggesting additional contributions of colloids to strontium transport. A very small fraction of strontium adsorbed on mobile colloids moved un-retarded (R(f)=1) and this fraction was much lower than the expected, considering the quantity of strontium initially adsorbed onto colloids (90%). This behaviour suggests the hypothesis of strontium sorption reversibility from colloids. On the other hand, bentonite colloids retained within the granite fracture played a major role, contributing to a slower strontium transport in comparison with strontium as a solute. This was shown by a clear peak in the breakthrough curve corresponding to a retardation factor of approximately 20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairoby Albarran
- CIEMAT, Departamento de Medioambiente, Avenida Complutense, 22 - 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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O’Loughlin EJ, Boyanov MI, Antonopoulos DA, Kemner KM. Redox Processes Affecting the Speciation of Technetium, Uranium, Neptunium, and Plutonium in Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2011-1071.ch022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. O’Loughlin
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
- The Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Maxim I. Boyanov
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
- The Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Dionysios A. Antonopoulos
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
- The Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Kenneth M. Kemner
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
- The Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439
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Abstract
SummaryPlutonium has no known biological utility, yet it has the potential to interact with bacterial cellular and extracellular structures that contain metal-binding groups, to interfere with the uptake and utilization of essential elements, and to alter cell metabolism. These interactions can transform plutonium from its most common forms, solid, mineral-adsorbed, or colloidal Pu(IV), to a variety of biogeochemical species that have much different physico-chemical properties. Organic acids that are extruded products of cell metabolism can solubilize plutonium and then enhance its environmental mobility, or in some cases facilitate plutonium transfer into cells. Phosphate- and carboxylate-rich polymers associated with cell walls can bind plutonium to form mobile biocolloids or Pu-laden biofilm/mineral solids. Bacterial membranes, proteins or redox agents can produce strongly reducing electrochemical zones and generate molecular Pu(III/IV) species or oxide particles. Alternatively, they can oxidize plutonium to form soluble Pu(V) or Pu(VI) complexes. This paper reviews research on plutonium-bacteria interactions and closely related studies on the biotransformation of uranium and other metals.
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Rawat N, Kumar S, Tomar B. The time differential perturbed angular correlation study of binding of hafnium to humic acid and its model compound. Polyhedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Utsunomiya S, Kersting AB, Ewing RC. Groundwater nanoparticles in the far-field at the Nevada Test Site: mechanism for radionuclide transport. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:1293-1298. [PMID: 19350893 DOI: 10.1021/es802181t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Colloid-like nanoparticles in groundwater have been shown to facilitate migration of several radionuclides: (239,240)Pu, 137Cs, (152,154, 155)Eu, and 60Co. However, the exact type of nanoparticle and the speciation of the associated radionuclides has remained unknown. We have investigated nanoparticles sampled from the far-field at the Nevada Test Site, Nevada, utilizing advanced electron microscopytechniques, including high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM). Fissiogenic elements: Cs, rare earth elements (REE), activation elements: Co; and actinides: U and Th, were detected. Cesium is associated with U-forming cesium uranate with a Cs/U atomic ratio of approximately 0.12. Light REEs and Th are associated with phosphates, silicates, or apatite. Cobalt occurs as a metallic aggregate, associated with Cr, Fe, Ni, and +/-Mo. Uranyl minerals; Na-boltwoodite and oxide hydrates are also present as colloids. Because of these chemical associations with nanoscale particles, in the size range <100 nm, these particles may facilitate transport, and a variety of trace nanoscale phases may be responsible for the migration of fissiogenic and actinide elements in groundwater. To accurately model the transport of these contaminants, predictive transport models should include consideration of nanoparticle-facilitated transport.
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Schmeide K, Bernhard G. Redox stability of neptunium(V) and neptunium(IV) in the presence of humic substances of varying functionality. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2009.1661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Effect of humic acid on the sorption of technetium on hematite colloids using 95mTc and 96Tc as tracers. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-007-1103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mibus J, Sachs S, Pfingsten W, Nebelung C, Bernhard G. Migration of uranium(IV)/(VI) in the presence of humic acids in quartz sand: a laboratory column study. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2007; 89:199-217. [PMID: 17052798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2004] [Revised: 08/16/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The migration behavior of U(IV) and U(VI) in the presence of humic acid was studied in a quartz sand system. Laboratory column experiments were performed using humic acid, U(VI) in humic acid absence, U(IV) and U(VI) in humic acid presence, and for comparison a conservative tracer. In experiments using humic acid, both redox species of U migrate nearly as fast as the conservative tracer. Humic acid accelerates the U(VI) breakthrough compared to the humic acid-free system. There are strong indications for a similar effect on the U(IV) transport. At the same time, a part of U(IV) and U(VI) associated with the humic acid is immobilized in the quartz sand due to humic colloid filtration thus producing a delaying effect. Tailing at a low concentration level was observed upon tracer elution. The experimental breakthrough curves were described by reactive transport modeling using equations for equilibrium and kinetic reactions. The present study demonstrates that humic acids can play an important role in the migration of actinides. As natural organic matter is ubiquitous in aquifer systems, the humic colloid-borne transport of actinides is of high relevance in performance assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Mibus
- Forschungszentrum Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Radiochemistry, PO Box 510 119, D-01314 Dresden, Germany.
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Breynaert E, Maes A. Column Precipitation Chromatography: An Approach to Quantitative Analysis of Eigencolloids. Anal Chem 2005; 77:5048-54. [PMID: 16053321 DOI: 10.1021/ac050546+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new column precipitation chromatography (CPC) technique, capable of quantitatively measuring technetium eigencolloids in aqueous solutions, is presented. The CPC technique is based on the destabilization and precipitation of eigencolloids by polycations in a confined matrix. Tc(IV) colloids can be quantitatively determined from their precipitation onto the CPC column (separation step) and their subsequent elution upon oxidation to pertechnetate by peroxide (elution step). A clean-bed particle removal model was used to explain the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Breynaert
- Department of Interphase Chemistry, K. U. Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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