1
|
Tong T, Huang M, Yan B, Lin B, Yu J, Teng Q, Li P, Pang J. Hippo signaling modulation and its biological implications in urological malignancies. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 98:101280. [PMID: 38870717 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Although cancer diagnosis and treatment have rapidly advanced in recent decades, urological malignancies, which have high morbidity and mortality rates, are among the most difficult diseases to treat. The Hippo signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway in organ size control and tissue homeostasis maintenance. Its downstream effectors, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are key modulators of numerous physiological and pathological processes. Recent work clearly indicates that Hippo signaling is frequently altered in human urological malignancies. In this review, we discuss the disparate viewpoints on the upstream regulators of YAP/TAZ and their downstream targets and systematically summarize the biological implications. More importantly, we highlight the molecular mechanisms involved in Hippo-YAP signaling to improve our understanding of its role in every stage of prostate cancer, bladder cancer and kidney cancer progression. A better understanding of the biological outcomes of YAP/TAZ modulation will contribute to the establishment of future therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Tong
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Mengjun Huang
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Binyuan Yan
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Bingbiao Lin
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Jiaying Yu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Qiliang Teng
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Peng Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kanai R, Norton E, Stern P, Hynes RO, Lamar JM. Identification of a Gene Signature That Predicts Dependence upon YAP/TAZ-TEAD. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:852. [PMID: 38473214 PMCID: PMC10930532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies are effective cancer treatments when accompanied by accurate diagnostic tests that can help identify patients that will respond to those therapies. The YAP/TAZ-TEAD axis is activated and plays a causal role in several cancer types, and TEAD inhibitors are currently in early-phase clinical trials in cancer patients. However, a lack of a reliable way to identify tumors with YAP/TAZ-TEAD activation for most cancer types makes it difficult to determine which tumors will be susceptible to TEAD inhibitors. Here, we used a combination of RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis of metastatic melanoma cells to develop a YAP/TAZ gene signature. We found that the genes in this signature are TEAD-dependent in several melanoma cell lines, and that their expression strongly correlates with YAP/TAZ activation in human melanomas. Using DepMap dependency data, we found that this YAP/TAZ signature was predictive of melanoma cell dependence upon YAP/TAZ or TEADs. Importantly, this was not limited to melanoma because this signature was also predictive when tested on a panel of over 1000 cancer cell lines representing numerous distinct cancer types. Our results suggest that YAP/TAZ gene signatures like ours may be effective tools to predict tumor cell dependence upon YAP/TAZ-TEAD, and thus potentially provide a means to identify patients likely to benefit from TEAD inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Kanai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Emily Norton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.K.); (E.N.)
| | - Patrick Stern
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Richard O. Hynes
- Department of Biology, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - John M. Lamar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (R.K.); (E.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma X, Chang J, Sun X, Zhou C, Zhao P, Yang Y. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin Inhibits EMT-evoked Osteosarcoma Cell Growth and Metastasis by Activating the HIPPO Signaling Pathway. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:2239-2248. [PMID: 38369725 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073263020231220043405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer in children and adolescents with high metastatic ability. AIM This study aimed to explore the inhibitory effects of (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) on osteosarcoma cell growth and metastasis as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS The osteosarcoma cells of 143B and U-2 OS (U-2), treated with HCPT (20, 100, or 300 nM), underwent detections, such as CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell, wound healing, and immunoblotting. EMT-related key proteins, like N-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin, were found to be down-regulated, while E-cadherin was up-regulated dose-dependently in HCPT-exposed 143B and U-2 cells. Additionally, incubation of 143B and U-2 cells with HCPT for 3 hours dosedependently reduced the expression ratios of p-LATS1/LATS1, p-MST1/MST1, p-YAP/YAP, and p-TAZ/TAZ. RESULTS Taken together, our study has demonstrated HCPT to inhibit osteosarcoma growth and metastasis potentially by activating the HIPPO signaling pathway and reversing EMT. CONCLUSION HCPT might be a candidate agent for the prevention and treatment of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junli Chang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xingyuan Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chujie Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Z, Yin Z, Luan Z, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhang K, Chen F, Yang Z, Tian Y. Comprehensive analyses for the coagulation and macrophage-related genes to reveal their joint roles in the prognosis and immunotherapy of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1273422. [PMID: 38022584 PMCID: PMC10644034 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to explore novel biomarkers related to the coagulation process and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods The macrophage M2-related genes were obtained by Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) in bulk RNA-seq data, while the TAM marker genes were identified by analyzing the scRNA-seq data, and the coagulation-associated genes were obtained from MSigDB and KEGG databases. Survival analysis was performed for the intersectional genes. A risk score model was subsequently constructed based on the survival-related genes for prognosis prediction and validated in external datasets. Results In total, 33 coagulation and macrophage-related (COMAR) genes were obtained, 19 of which were selected for the risk score model construction. Finally, 10 survival-associated genes (APOE, ARRB2, C1QB, F13A1, FCGR2A, FYN, ITGB2, MMP9, OLR1, and VSIG4) were involved in the COMAR risk score model. According to the risk score, patients were equally divided into low- and high-risk groups, and the prognosis of patients in the high-risk group was significantly worse than that in the low-risk group. The ROC curve indicated that the risk score model had high sensitivity and specificity, which was validated in multiple external datasets. Moreover, the model also had high efficacy in predicting the clinical outcomes of LUAD patients who received anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. Conclusion The COMAR risk score model constructed in this study has excellent predictive value for the prognosis and immunotherapeutic clinical outcomes of patients with LUAD, which provides potential biomarkers for the treatment and prognostic prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqi Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Radiotherapy Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zongxiu Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zupeng Luan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinan Third People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Generalsurgery Department, Wen-shang County People’s Hospital, Wenshang, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhensong Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Radiotherapy Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bharadwaj A, Sharma J, Singh J, Kumari M, Dargar T, Kalita B, Mathew SJ. Musculoskeletal defects associated with myosin heavy chain-embryonic loss of function are mediated by the YAP signaling pathway. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17187. [PMID: 37492882 PMCID: PMC10493586 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202217187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in MYH3, the gene encoding the developmental myosin heavy chain-embryonic (MyHC-embryonic) skeletal muscle-specific contractile protein, cause several congenital contracture syndromes. Among these, recessive loss-of-function MYH3 mutations lead to spondylocarpotarsal synostosis (SCTS), characterized by vertebral fusions and scoliosis. We find that Myh3 germline knockout adult mice display SCTS phenotypes such as scoliosis and vertebral fusion, in addition to reduced body weight, muscle weight, myofiber size, and grip strength. Myh3 knockout mice also exhibit changes in muscle fiber type, altered satellite cell numbers and increased muscle fibrosis. A mass spectrometric analysis of embryonic skeletal muscle from Myh3 knockouts identified integrin signaling and cytoskeletal regulation as the most affected pathways. These pathways are closely connected to the mechanosensing Yes-associated protein (YAP) transcriptional regulator, which we found to be significantly activated in the skeletal muscle of Myh3 knockout mice. To test whether increased YAP signaling might underlie the musculoskeletal defects in Myh3 knockout mice, we treated these mice with CA3, a small molecule inhibitor of YAP signaling. This led to increased muscle fiber size, rescue of most muscle fiber type alterations, normalization of the satellite cell marker Pax7 levels, increased grip strength, reduced fibrosis, and decline in scoliosis in Myh3 knockout mice. Thus, increased YAP activation underlies the musculoskeletal defects seen in Myh3 knockout mice, indicating its significance as a key pathway to target in SCTS and other MYH3-related congenital syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Bharadwaj
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Jaydeep Sharma
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Jagriti Singh
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Mahima Kumari
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| | - Tanushri Dargar
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
- Present address:
Faculte de MedicineInstitut NeuroMyoGeneLyonFrance
| | - Bhargab Kalita
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
- Present address:
Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer CenterNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Sam J Mathew
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB)NCR Biotech Science ClusterFaridabadIndia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Steinberg T, Dieterle MP, Ramminger I, Klein C, Brossette J, Husari A, Tomakidi P. On the Value of In Vitro Cell Systems for Mechanobiology from the Perspective of Yes-Associated Protein/Transcriptional Co-Activator with a PDZ-Binding Motif and Focal Adhesion Kinase and Their Involvement in Wound Healing, Cancer, Aging, and Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12677. [PMID: 37628858 PMCID: PMC10454169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanobiology comprises how cells perceive different mechanical stimuli and integrate them into a process called mechanotransduction; therefore, the related mechanosignaling cascades are generally important for biomedical research. The ongoing discovery of key molecules and the subsequent elucidation of their roles in mechanobiology are fundamental to understanding cell responses and tissue conditions, such as homeostasis, aging, senescence, wound healing, and cancer. Regarding the available literature on these topics, it becomes abundantly clear that in vitro cell systems from different species and tissues have been and are extremely valuable tools for enabling the discovery and functional elucidation of key mechanobiological players. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the significant contributions of in vitro cell systems to the identification and characterization of three such key players using the selected examples of yes-associated protein (YAP), its paralog transcriptional co-activator with a PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and their involvement in wound healing, cancer, aging, and senescence. In addition, the reader is given suggestions as to which future prospects emerge from the in vitro studies discussed herein and which research questions still remain open.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Steinberg
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Philipp Dieterle
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Imke Ramminger
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Klein
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julie Brossette
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ayman Husari
- Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Center for Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biotechnology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luo J, Deng L, Zou H, Guo Y, Tong T, Huang M, Ling G, Li P. New insights into the ambivalent role of YAP/TAZ in human cancers. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:130. [PMID: 37211598 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02704-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippo signaling was first identified in Drosophila as a key controller of organ size by regulating cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis. Subsequent studies have shown that this pathway is highly conserved in mammals, and its dysregulation is implicated in multiple events of cancer development and progression. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) (hereafter YAP/TAZ) are the downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway. YAP/TAZ overexpression or activation is sufficient to induce tumor initiation and progression, as well as recurrence and therapeutic resistance. However, there is growing evidence that YAP/TAZ also exert a tumor-suppressive function in a context-dependent manner. Therefore, caution should be taken when targeting Hippo signaling in clinical trials in the future. In this review article, we will first give an overview of YAP/TAZ and their oncogenic roles in various cancers and then systematically summarize the tumor-suppressive functions of YAP/TAZ in different contexts. Based on these findings, we will further discuss the clinical implications of YAP/TAZ-based tumor targeted therapy and potential future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Zou
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Guo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyu Tong
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingli Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengqiang Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Q, Zhang L, You W, Xu J, Dai J, Hua D, Zhang R, Yao F, Zhou S, Huang W, Dai Y, Zhang Y, Baheti T, Qian X, Pu L, Xu J, Xia Y, Zhang C, Tang J, Wang X. PRDM1/BLIMP1 induces cancer immune evasion by modulating the USP22-SPI1-PD-L1 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7677. [PMID: 36509766 PMCID: PMC9744896 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) blockade have achieved some efficacy but only in a fraction of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) binds to its receptor PD1 on T cells to dampen antigen-tumor immune responses. However, the mechanisms underlying PD-L1 regulation are not fully elucidated. Herein, we identify that tumoral Prdm1 overexpression inhibits cell growth in immune-deficient mouse models. Further, tumoral Prdm1 overexpression upregulates PD-L1 levels, dampening anti-tumor immunity in vivo, and neutralizes the anti-tumor efficacy of Prdm1 overexpression in immune-competent mouse models. Mechanistically, PRDM1 enhances USP22 transcription, thus reducing SPI1 protein degradation through deubiquitination, which enhances PD-L1 transcription. Functionally, PD-1 mAb treatment reinforces the efficacy of Prdm1-overexpressing HCC immune-competent mouse models. Collectively, we demonstrate that the PRDM1-USP22-SPI1 axis regulates PD-L1 levels, resulting in infiltrated CD8+ T cell exhaustion. Furthermore, PRDM1 overexpression combined with PD-(L)1 mAb treatment provides a therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Liren Zhang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Wenhua You
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jiali Xu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jingjing Dai
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Dongxu Hua
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Feifan Yao
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Suiqing Zhou
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Wei Huang
- grid.411610.30000 0004 1764 2878Department of General Surgery, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Ili & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Ili, China
| | - Yongjiu Dai
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yu Zhang
- grid.411610.30000 0004 1764 2878Department of General Surgery, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Ili & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Ili, China
| | - Tasiken Baheti
- grid.411610.30000 0004 1764 2878Department of General Surgery, The Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Ili & Jiangsu Joint Institute of Health, Ili, China
| | - Xiaofeng Qian
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Liyong Pu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jing Xu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yongxiang Xia
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Chuanyong Zhang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ervin EH, French R, Chang CH, Pauklin S. Inside the stemness engine: Mechanistic links between deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:48-83. [PMID: 36347438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cell identity is largely determined by its transcriptional profile. In tumour, deregulation of transcription factor expression and/or activity enables cancer cell to acquire a stem-like state characterised by capacity to self-renew, differentiate and form tumours in vivo. These stem-like cancer cells are highly metastatic and therapy resistant, thus warranting a more complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms downstream of the transcription factors that mediate the establishment of stemness state. Here, we review recent research findings that provide a mechanistic link between the commonly deregulated transcription factors and stemness in cancer. In particular, we describe the role of master transcription factors (SOX, OCT4, NANOG, KLF, BRACHYURY, SALL, HOX, FOX and RUNX), signalling-regulated transcription factors (SMAD, β-catenin, YAP, TAZ, AP-1, NOTCH, STAT, GLI, ETS and NF-κB) and unclassified transcription factors (c-MYC, HIF, EMT transcription factors and P53) across diverse tumour types, thereby yielding a comprehensive overview identifying shared downstream targets, highlighting unique mechanisms and discussing complexities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egle-Helene Ervin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Rhiannon French
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Chao-Hui Chang
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zu L, He J, Zhou N, Zeng J, Zhu Y, Tang Q, Jin X, Zhang L, Xu S. The Profile and Clinical Significance of ITGB2 Expression in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6421. [PMID: 36362654 PMCID: PMC9655748 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are involved in extracellular and intracellular signaling and are often aberrantly expressed in tumors. Integrin beta 2 (ITGB2) has previously been demonstrated to be correlated with the host defense. However, the expression profile and role of ITGB2 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Here, we found that the genetic alterations in ITGB2 was predominated by gene mutation and copy number deletion using cBioPortal analysis, and its expression was downregulated in the NSCLC tissues, as validated by the UALCAN, TCGA, and GEO databases and our tissue samples. Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter analysis revealed that patients with a lower ITGB2 expression had a shorter overall survival (OS) time (p = 0.01). Moreover, 1089 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the NSCLC tissues were screened using the TCGA database. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were closely associated with immune processes and cell adhesion. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network revealed that 10 of 15 EMT-related genes among the DEGs might lead to the metastasis of NSCLC. Concomitantly, the expression of ITGB2 was positively correlated with the infiltration of Treg cells and Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Biologically, the ectopic expression of ITGB2 significantly inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ITGB2 suppressed the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Slug, Snail, and Twist, while it promoted E-cadherin expression, according to gain-of-function studies. In conclusion, ITGB2 can inhibit the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells, leading to a poor prognosis, via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jinling He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jingtong Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Quanying Tang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Song Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuo YZ, Kang YR, Chang WL, Sim LCL, Hsieh TC, Chang CH, Wang YC, Tsai CJ, Huang LC, Tsai ST, Wu LW. YAP1 acts as a negative regulator of pro-tumor TAZ expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Oncol 2022; 45:893-909. [PMID: 35930163 PMCID: PMC9579103 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although YAP1 and TAZ are believed to be equivalent downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, differential expression of YAP1 or TAZ suggests distinct functions during cancer progression. The exact role of YAP1 and TAZ in esophageal cancer, the 6th leading cancer-related mortality in the world, remains elusive. Methods Following single or double manipulation of YAP1 or TAZ expression, we subjected these manipulated cells to proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumorigenesis assays. We used RT-qPCR and Western blotting to examine their expression in the manipulated cells with or without inhibition of transcription or translation. We also examined the impact of YAP1 or TAZ deregulation on clinical outcome of esophageal cancer patients from the TCGA database. Results We found that YAP1 functions as a tumor suppressor whereas TAZ exerts pro-tumor functions in esophageal cancer cells. We also found a significant increase in TAZ mRNA expression upon YAP1 depletion, but not vice versa, despite the downregulation of CTGF and CYR61, shared targets of YAP1 and TAZ, in xenografted tissue cells. In addition to transcriptional regulation, YAP1-mediated TAZ expression was found to occur via protein synthesis. Restored TAZ expression mitigated YAP1-mediated suppression of cellular behavior. By contrast, TAZ silencing reduced the promoting effect exerted by YAP1 depletion on cellular behaviors. The observed anti-tumor function of YAP1 was further supported by a better overall survival among esophageal cancer patients with a high YAP1 expression. Conclusion From our data we conclude that YAP1 functions as a suppressor and negatively regulates pro-tumor TAZ expression via transcriptional and translational control in esophageal cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13402-022-00695-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zih Kuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Rong Kang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Lun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lydia Chin-Ling Sim
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Chin Hsieh
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chu-Han Chang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Jung Tsai
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Chun Huang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sen-Tien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Laboratory Science and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hypoxia Selectively Increases a SMAD3 Signaling Axis to Promote Cancer Cell Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112751. [PMID: 35681731 PMCID: PMC9179584 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) plays a paradoxical role in cancer, first inhibiting then promoting its progression, a duality that poses a real challenge for the development of effective TGFβ-targeted therapies. The major TGFβ downstream effectors, SMAD2 and SMAD3, display both distinct and overlapping functions and accumulating evidence suggests that their activation ratio may contribute to the dual effect of TGFβ. However, the mechanisms responsible for their selective activation remain poorly understood. Here, we provide experimental evidence that hypoxia induces the pro-invasive arm of TGFβ signaling through a selective increase in SMAD3 interaction with SMAD-Anchor for Receptor Activation (SARA). This event relies on HDAC6-dependent SMAD3 bioavailability, as well as increased SARA recruitment to EEA1+ endosomes. A motility gene expression study indicated that SMAD3 selectively increased the expression of ITGB2 and VIM, two genes that were found to be implicated in hypoxia-induced cell invasion and associated with tumor progression and metastasis in cohorts of cancer patients. Furthermore, CAM xenograft assays show the significant benefit of selective inhibition of the SMAD3 signaling pathway as opposed to global TGFβ inhibition in preventing tumor progression. Overall, these results suggest that fine-tuning of the pro-invasive HDAC6-SARA-SMAD3 axis could be a better strategy towards effective cancer treatments.
Collapse
|
13
|
Lv X, Wang F, Sun M, Sun C, Fan X, Ma B, Yang Y, Ye Z, Liu P, Wen J. Differential Gene Expression and Immune Cell Infiltration in Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage Identified Using Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:818585. [PMID: 35656397 PMCID: PMC9152291 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.818585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is an important feature of unstable plaques and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. However, the molecular mechanisms contributing to IPH are incompletely characterized. We aimed to identify novel biomarkers and interventional targets for IPH and to characterize the role of immune cells in IPH pathogenesis. Methods The microarray dataset GSE163154 which contain IPH and non-IPH plaque samples was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). R software was adopted for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and conducting functional investigation. The hub genes were carried by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and were validated by the GSE120521 dataset. CIBERSORT deconvolution was used to determine differential immune cell infiltration and the relationship of immune cells and hub genes. We confirmed expression of proteins encoded by the hub genes by immunohistochemistry and western blotting in 8 human carotid endarterectomy samples with IPH and 8 samples without IPH (non-IPH). Results We detected a total of 438 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 248 were upregulated and 190 were downregulated. DEGs were mainly involved in inflammatory related pathways, including neutrophil activation, neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil-mediated immunity, leukocyte chemotaxis, and lysosomes. The hub genes found through the method of degree in the PPI network showed that ITGB2 and ITGAM might play an important role in IPH. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) results also showed a good performance of these two genes in the test and validation dataset. We found that the proportions of infiltrating immune cells in IPH and non-IPH samples differed, especially in terms of M0 and M2 macrophages. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis showed that expression levels of ITGB2 and ITGAM increased significantly in carotid atherosclerotic plaques with IPH. Conclusion ITGB2 and ITGAM are key hub genes of IPH and may play an important role in the biological process of IPH. Our findings advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IPH pathogenesis and provide valuable information and directions for future research into novel targets for IPH diagnosis and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuo Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingsheng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Congrui Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiang Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Peng Liu
| | - Jianyan Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianyan Wen
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo Y, Luo J, Zou H, Liu C, Deng L, Li P. Context-dependent transcriptional regulations of YAP/TAZ in cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 527:164-173. [PMID: 34952145 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As the downstream effectors of Hippo pathway, YAP/TAZ are identified to participate in organ growth, regeneration and tumorigenesis. However, owing to lack of a DNA-binding domain, YAP/TAZ usually act as coactivators and cooperate with other transcription factors or partners to mediate their transcriptional outputs. In this article, we first present an overview of the core components and the upstream regulators of Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling in mammals, and then systematically summarize the identified transcription factors or partners that are responsible for the downstream transcriptional output of YAP/TAZ in various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Guo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Luo
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Zou
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ohnishi S, Hiramoto K, Ma N, Kawanishi S. Chemoprevention by aspirin against inflammation-related colorectal cancer in mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:265-271. [PMID: 34857988 PMCID: PMC8611359 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a primary risk factor for cancer. Epidemiological studies previously demonstrated that aspirin decreased the incidence of cancer and specifically reduced the risk of colorectal cancer. However, the number of animal studies that have confirmed the efficacy of aspirin remains limited. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms by which aspirin prevents colorectal cancer in mice. ICR mice were treated with azoxymethane and the ulcerative colitis inducer, dextran sodium sulfate, to induce colorectal tumors. Aspirin was orally administered three times per week for 12 weeks. Aspirin significantly reduced the number and size of colorectal tumors. Aspirin also significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the plasma. Immunohistochemical analyses and western blots showed that cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the active form of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), and cytosolic high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were strongly expressed at colorectal tumor sites and clearly suppressed by aspirin. An indicator of inflammation-related DNA damage, 8-nitroguanine, also accumulated in the colorectal tissues and was suppressed by aspirin. The present results suggest that the ingestion of aspirin suppressed carcinogenesis caused by inflammation through decreases in COX2 and ROS levels, resulting in reductions in DNA damage and oncogenic YAP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Ohnishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| | - Ning Ma
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagakicho, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Castle EL, Robinson CA, Douglas P, Rinker KD, Corcoran JA. Viral Manipulation of a Mechanoresponsive Signaling Axis Disassembles Processing Bodies. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 41:e0039921. [PMID: 34516278 PMCID: PMC8547432 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00399-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Processing bodies (PBs) are ribonucleoprotein granules important for cytokine mRNA decay that are targeted for disassembly by many viruses. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is the etiological agent of the inflammatory endothelial cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, and a PB-regulating virus. The virus encodes kaposin B (KapB), which induces actin stress fibers (SFs) and cell spindling as well as PB disassembly. We now show that KapB-mediated PB disassembly requires actin rearrangements, RhoA effectors, and the mechanoresponsive transcription activator, YAP. Moreover, ectopic expression of active YAP or exposure of ECs to mechanical forces caused PB disassembly in the absence of KapB. We propose that the viral protein KapB activates a mechanoresponsive signaling axis and links changes in cell shape and cytoskeletal structures to enhanced inflammatory molecule expression using PB disassembly. Our work implies that cytoskeletal changes in other pathologies may similarly impact the inflammatory environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L. Castle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Carolyn-Ann Robinson
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pauline Douglas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kristina D. Rinker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Centre for Bioengineering Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Corcoran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li FL, Guan KL. The two sides of Hippo pathway in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:33-42. [PMID: 34265423 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway was originally characterized by genetic studies in Drosophila to regulate tissue growth and organ size, and the core components of this pathway are highly conserved in mammals. Studies over the past two decades have revealed critical physiological and pathological functions of the Hippo tumor-suppressor pathway, which is tightly regulated by a broad range of intracellular and extracellular signals. These properties enable the Hippo pathway to serve as an important controller in organismal development and adult tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of the Hippo signaling has been observed in many cancer types, suggesting the possibility of cancer treatment by targeting the Hippo pathway. The general consensus is that Hippo has tumor suppressor function. However, growing evidence also suggests that the function of the Hippo pathway in malignancy is cancer context dependent as recent studies indicating tumor promoting function of LATS. This article surveys the Hippo pathway signaling mechanisms and then reviews both the tumor suppressing and promoting function of this pathway. A comprehensive understanding of the dual roles of the Hippo pathway in cancer will benefit future therapeutic targeting of the Hippo pathway for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Long Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang WT, Chen M, Xu R, Zheng PS. PRDM4 inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by inactivating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through targeting of PTEN in cervical carcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:3318-3330. [PMID: 33846573 PMCID: PMC8102194 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PR domain zinc finger protein 4 (PRDM4) is a transcription factor that plays key roles in stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis. However, its biological role and exact mechanism in cervical cancer remain unknown. Here, both immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot assays demonstrated that the expression of PRDM4 in cervical cancer tissues was much lower than that in the normal cervix. A xenograft assay showed that PRDM4 overexpression in the cervical cancer cell lines SiHa and HeLa dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenic potential in vivo. Conversely, the silencing of PRDM4 promoted cervical cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenic potential. Mechanistically, PRDM4 induced cell cycle arrest at the transition from G0/G1 phase to S phase by upregulating p27 and p21 expression and downregulating Cyclin D1 and CDK4 expression. Furthermore, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was inactivated in PRDM4-overexpressing cells, which decreased the levels of p-AKT and upregulated the expression of PTEN, an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and qChIP assays confirmed that PRDM4 transactivated the expression of PTEN by binding to two specific regions in the PTEN promoter. Furthermore, PTEN silencing or a PTEN inhibitor rescued the cell defects induced by PRDM4 overexpression. Therefore, our data suggest that PRDM4 inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by downregulating the activity of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by directly transactivating PTEN expression in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine One, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen Q, Wang S, Lang JH. Development and validation of nomogram with tumor microenvironment-related genes and clinical factors for predicting overall survival of endometrial cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:3530-3538. [PMID: 33995630 PMCID: PMC8120177 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) has attracted lots of attention with its important role in the tumor development. This study aimed to explore TME- related genes of prognostic value in patients with endometrial cancer (EC) and establish a prediction model for EC. Methods: The RNA-Seq data and clinicopathological characteristics of 521 subjects were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on the immune and stromal scores, which were calculated by the ESTIMATE algorithm. Hub genes were initially screened using the Cytoscape and further selected through Cox regression. Gene correlation analysis was performed in TIMER database. A nomogram was constructed integrating prognosis-related hub genes and clinical factors and validated in the validation group. Risk stratification was performed based on the nomogram. Results: Three TME-related hub genes (CCR5, FCER1G, and ITGB2) were found with significant prognostic value for EC patients. The expression of CCR5, FCER1G, and ITGB2 were significantly correlated with various immune cells infiltration. Based on the Cox regression, a nomogram was constructed by integrating five predictors (stage, grade, immune score, expression of FCER1G, and ITGB2), with a C-index of 0.765. Discrimination of the model was confirmed in the validation group (C-index: 0.716). The calibration curves for the 3- and 5- year survival indicated good calibration. Patients in high- and low- risk groups presented significantly different survival outcomes (P<0.001) in both discovery and validation group. Conclusion: TME-related hub genes of prognostic value identified in our study may provide references for the mechanisms underlying EC development and the immunotherapy for EC. The prediction model may help assess the prognosis of EC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases. Beijing, P.R, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases. Beijing, P.R, China
| | - Jing-He Lang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases. Beijing, P.R, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu L, Zhao Q, Kong M, Mao L, Yang Y, Xu Y. Myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) regulates integrin beta 2 transcription to promote macrophage infiltration and cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:844-858. [PMID: 33752236 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Macrophage-mediated inflammatory response represents a key pathophysiological process in a host of cardiovascular diseases including heart failure. Regardless of etiology, heart failure is invariably preceded by cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study we investigated the effect of macrophage-specific deletion of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) on cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS We report that when subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC), macrophage MRTF-A conditional knockout (CKO) mice developed a less severe phenotype of cardiac hypertrophy compared to wild type (WT) littermates and were partially protected from the loss of heart function. In addition, there was less extensive cardiac fibrosis in the CKO mice than WT mice following the TAC procedure. Further analysis revealed that cardiac inflammation, as assessed by levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, was dampened in CKO mice paralleling reduced infiltration of macrophages in the heart. Mechanistically, MRTF-A deficiency attenuated the expression of integrin beta 2 (ITGB2/CD18) in macrophage thereby disrupting adhesion of macrophages to vascular endothelial cells. MRTF-A was recruited by Sp1 to the ITGB2 promoter and cooperated with Sp1 to activate ITGB2 transcription in macrophages. Administration of a CD18 blocking antibody attenuated TAC induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Interaction between MRTF-A and the histone demethylase KDM3A likely contributed to IGTB2 transcription and consequently adhesion of macrophages to endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MRTF-A may regulate macrophage trafficking and contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy by activating ITGB2 transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ma H, Wang J, Zhao X, Wu T, Huang Z, Chen D, Liu Y, Ouyang G. Periostin Promotes Colorectal Tumorigenesis through Integrin-FAK-Src Pathway-Mediated YAP/TAZ Activation. Cell Rep 2021; 30:793-806.e6. [PMID: 31968254 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Periostin is a multifunctional extracellular matrix protein involved in various inflammatory diseases and tumor metastasis; however, evidence regarding whether and how periostin actively contributes to inflammation-associated tumorigenesis remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that periostin deficiency significantly inhibits the occurrence of colorectal cancer in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice and in ApcMin/+ mice. Moreover, periostin deficiency attenuates the severity of colitis and reduces the proliferation of tumor cells. Mechanistically, stromal fibroblast-derived periostin activates FAK-Src kinases through integrin-mediated outside-in signaling, which results in the activation of YAP/TAZ and, subsequently, IL-6 expression in tumor cells. Conversely, IL-6 induces periostin expression in fibroblasts by activating STAT3, which ultimately facilitates colorectal tumor development. These findings provide the evidence that periostin promotes colorectal tumorigenesis, and identify periostin- and IL-6-mediated tumor-stroma interaction as a promising target for treating colitis-associated colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Handong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xueli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhengjie Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Dafan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yingfu Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Gaoliang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fu Y, Liu Q, Bao Q, Wen J, Liu Z, Hu Y, He G, Peng C, Xu Y, Zhang W. Development and analysis of long non-coding RNA-associated competing endogenous RNA network for osteosarcoma metastasis. Hereditas 2021; 158:9. [PMID: 33593435 PMCID: PMC7887822 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-021-00174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the primary bone malignant neoplasm that often develops metastasis. Increasing evidences have shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) relate to the progression of osteosarcoma. However, the ncRNAs’ roles in osteosarcoma metastasis are still unknown. Methods Differentially expressed (DE) RNAs were identified from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) of DE messenger RNAs (DEmRNAs) was built through STRING database. The target mRNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) of microRNAs (miRNA) were predicted through miRDB, Targetscan and Genecode databases, which then cross-checked with previously obtained DERNAs to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. All networks were visualized via Cytoscape and the hub RNAs were screened out through Cytoscape plug-in Cytohubba. The gene functional and pathway analyses were performed through DAVID and MirPath databases. The survival analyses of hub RNAs were obtained through Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves. Results Five hundred sixty-four DEmRNAs, 16 DElncRNAs and 22 DEmiRNAs were screened out. GO functional and KEGG pathway analyses showed that DERNAs were significantly associated with tumor metastasis. The ceRNA network including 6 lncRNAs, 55 mRNAs and 20 miRNAs were constructed and the top 10 hub RNAs were obtained. Above all, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was identified as the most important osteosarcoma metastasis-associated pathway and its hub ceRNA module was constructed. The survival analyses showed that the RNAs in hub ceRNA module closely related to osteosarcoma patients’ prognosis. Conclusions The current study provided a new perspective on osteosarcoma metastasis. More importantly, the RNAs in hub ceRNA module might act as the novel therapeutic targets and prognostic factors for osteosarcoma patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41065-021-00174-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Qiyuan Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Junxiang Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Zhuochao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yuehao Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Guoyu He
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yiqi Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zeng M, Li B, Yang L, Guan Q. CBX2 depletion inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells by inactivating the YAP/β-catenin pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:137. [PMID: 33313949 PMCID: PMC7751489 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common and fast-growing malignancy of the digestive system, which has a high mortality. Chromobox homolog 2 (CBX2) has been reported to be highly expressed in cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. It has also been established that CBX2 is upregulated in GC cell lines by searching the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the biomolecular role and underlying mechanism of CBX2 in the proliferation, invasion and migration of GC cells. Short hairpin RNA-CBX2 and yes-associated protein (YAP) overexpression plasmids were constructed to regulate CBX2 and YAP expression, respectively. Additionally, the expression of certain mRNAs and proteins involved in the YAP/β-catenin pathway and those associated with cell invasion were assessed by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. The cellular behaviors of MFC cells were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation wound-healing and Transwell assays. The results of the present study revealed that increased CBX2 expression was observed in GC cell lines compared with normal gastric cells. In addition, CBX2 knockdown inhibited the nuclear cytoplasm translocation of YAP, inducing its phosphorylation, and suppressing the activation of the β-catenin signaling pathway. The results also demonstrated that CBX2 depletion inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells by inactivating the YAP/β-catenin pathway. It was determined that CBX2 promoted the proliferation, invasion and migration of GC cells by activating the YAP/β-catenin pathway, suggesting that CBX2 is involved in the pathogenesis of GC and may represent a novel target for the clinical treatment of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bangxue Li
- Department of Radiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Quanlin Guan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhao M, Ding L, Yang X, Jing Y, Song Y, Chen S, Hu Q, Ni Y. ITGB2-mediated metabolic switch in CAFs promotes OSCC proliferation by oxidation of NADH in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:12044-12059. [PMID: 33204328 PMCID: PMC7667693 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Integrins, the coordinator of extracellular and intracellular signaling, are often found to be aberrant in tumors and can reshape the tumor microenvironment. Although previous studies showed that integrin beta 2 (ITGB2) is important for host defense, its expression profile and role in tumors, especially in cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are still unknown. Methods: Immunofluorescence stain and fluorescence activated cell sorting were used to analyze the ITGB2 expression profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). RT-PCR and western blot were used to compare ITGB2 expression in normal fibroblasts (NFs) and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Clinical data and function-based experiments were used to investigate the promoting tumor growth ability of ITGB2 expressing CAFs. Enhanced glycolysis activity was identified by using bioinformatics analyses and GC/MS assays. MCT1 knockdown OSCC cell lines were constructed to explore the pro-proliferative mechanisms of ITGB2 expressing CAFs in multiple in vitro and in vivo assays. Results: We found that CAFs exhibited significantly higher ITGB2 expression than the matched NFs. In addition, higher ITGB2 expression in CAFs was correlated with higher TNM stages and more Ki67+ tumor cells, indicating its ability to promote OSCC proliferation. Further, co-culture assay demonstrated that ITGB2-mediated lactate release in CAFs promoted OSCC cell proliferation. Mechanically, ITGB2 regulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways to enhance glycolysis activity in CAFs. Accordingly, lactate derived from ITGB2-expressing CAFs was absorbed and metabolized in OSCC to generate NADH, which was then oxidized in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) to produce ATP. Notably, inhibiting the OXPHOS system with metformin delayed the proliferative capacity of OSCC cells cultured in the ITGB2-expressing CAFs medium. Conclusions: Our study uncovered the ITGB2high pro-tumoral CAFs that activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis to promote tumor proliferation in OSCC by NADH oxidation in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system.
Collapse
|
25
|
Heng BC, Zhang X, Aubel D, Bai Y, Li X, Wei Y, Fussenegger M, Deng X. Role of YAP/TAZ in Cell Lineage Fate Determination and Related Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:735. [PMID: 32850847 PMCID: PMC7406690 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The penultimate effectors of the Hippo signaling pathways YAP and TAZ, are transcriptional co-activator proteins that play key roles in many diverse biological processes, ranging from cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, mechanosensing and cell lineage fate determination, to wound healing and regeneration. In this review, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms by which YAP/TAZ control stem/progenitor cell differentiation into the various major lineages that are of interest to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Of particular interest is the key role of YAP/TAZ in maintaining the delicate balance between quiescence, self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous adult stem cells within various tissues/organs during early development, normal homeostasis and regeneration/healing. Finally, we will consider how increasing knowledge of YAP/TAZ signaling might influence the trajectory of future progress in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boon C. Heng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dominique Aubel
- IUTA Department Genie Biologique, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yunyang Bai
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochan Li
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH-Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xuliang Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Caccamo D, Currò M, Ientile R, Verderio EAM, Scala A, Mazzaglia A, Pennisi R, Musarra-Pizzo M, Zagami R, Neri G, Rosmini C, Potara M, Focsan M, Astilean S, Piperno A, Sciortino MT. Intracellular Fate and Impact on Gene Expression of Doxorubicin/Cyclodextrin-Graphene Nanomaterials at Sub-Toxic Concentration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144891. [PMID: 32664456 PMCID: PMC7402311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The graphene road in nanomedicine still seems very long and winding because the current knowledge about graphene/cell interactions and the safety issues are not yet sufficiently clarified. Specifically, the impact of graphene exposure on gene expression is a largely unexplored concern. Herein, we investigated the intracellular fate of graphene (G) decorated with cyclodextrins (CD) and loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and the modulation of genes involved in cancer-associated canonical pathways. Intracellular fate of GCD@DOX, tracked by FLIM, Raman mapping and fluorescence microscopy, evidenced the efficient cellular uptake of GCD@DOX and the presence of DOX in the nucleus, without graphene carrier. The NanoString nCounter™ platform provided evidence for 34 (out of 700) differentially expressed cancer-related genes in HEp-2 cells treated with GCD@DOX (25 µg/mL) compared with untreated cells. Cells treated with GCD alone (25 µg/mL) showed modification for 16 genes. Overall, 14 common genes were differentially expressed in both GCD and GCD@DOX treated cells and 4 of these genes with an opposite trend. The modification of cancer related genes also at sub-cytotoxic G concentration should be taken in consideration for the rational design of safe and effective G-based drug/gene delivery systems. The reliable advantages provided by NanoString® technology, such as sensibility and the direct RNA measurements, could be the cornerstone in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Polyclinic Hospital University, 98125 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (M.C.); (R.I.)
| | - Monica Currò
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Polyclinic Hospital University, 98125 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (M.C.); (R.I.)
| | - Riccardo Ientile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, Polyclinic Hospital University, 98125 Messina, Italy; (D.C.); (M.C.); (R.I.)
| | - Elisabetta AM Verderio
- School of Science and Technology, Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding of Disease, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Angela Scala
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (R.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.N.); (C.R.)
| | - Antonino Mazzaglia
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rosamaria Pennisi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (R.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.N.); (C.R.)
- Department of Innate Immunology, Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, 140 Jinye Ave, Building A10, Life Science Park, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen 518119, China
| | - Maria Musarra-Pizzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (R.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.N.); (C.R.)
| | - Roberto Zagami
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Giulia Neri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (R.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.N.); (C.R.)
| | - Consolato Rosmini
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (R.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.N.); (C.R.)
| | - Monica Potara
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, T. Laurian Str. 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.P.); (M.F.); (S.A.)
| | - Monica Focsan
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, T. Laurian Str. 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.P.); (M.F.); (S.A.)
| | - Simion Astilean
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, T. Laurian Str. 42, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.P.); (M.F.); (S.A.)
- Department of Biomolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, M Kogalniceanu Str. 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anna Piperno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (R.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.N.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +39-090-6765173 (A.P.); +39-090-6765217 (M.T.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Sciortino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (R.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.N.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.T.S.); Tel.: +39-090-6765173 (A.P.); +39-090-6765217 (M.T.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cao X, Wang C, Liu J, Zhao B. Regulation and functions of the Hippo pathway in stemness and differentiation. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:736-748. [DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays important roles in organ development, tissue regeneration, and human diseases, such as cancer. In the canonical Hippo pathway, the MST1/2-LATS1/2 kinase cascade phosphorylates and inhibits transcription coactivators Yes-associated protein and transcription coactivator with PDZ-binding motif and thus regulates transcription of genes important for cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, recent studies have depicted a much more complicate picture of the Hippo pathway with many new components and regulatory stimuli involving both chemical and mechanical signals. Furthermore, accumulating evidence indicates that the Hippo pathway also plays important roles in the determination of cell fates, such as self-renewal and differentiation. Here, we review regulations of the Hippo pathway and its functions in stemness and differentiation emphasizing recent discoveries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Cao
- MOE key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China, and
| | - Chenliang Wang
- MOE key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China, and
| | - Jiyang Liu
- MOE key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China, and
| | - Bin Zhao
- MOE key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China, and
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Casamassimi A, Rienzo M, Di Zazzo E, Sorrentino A, Fiore D, Proto MC, Moncharmont B, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Abbondanza C. Multifaceted Role of PRDM Proteins in Human Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072648. [PMID: 32290321 PMCID: PMC7177584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The PR/SET domain family (PRDM) comprise a family of genes whose protein products share a conserved N-terminal PR [PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1)] homologous domain structurally and functionally similar to the catalytic SET [Su(var)3-9, enhancer-of-zeste and trithorax] domain of histone methyltransferases (HMTs). These genes are involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression through their intrinsic HMTase activity or via interactions with other chromatin modifying enzymes. In this way they control a broad spectrum of biological processes, including proliferation and differentiation control, cell cycle progression, and maintenance of immune cell homeostasis. In cancer, tumor-specific dysfunctions of PRDM genes alter their expression by genetic and/or epigenetic modifications. A common characteristic of most PRDM genes is to encode for two main molecular variants with or without the PR domain. They are generated by either alternative splicing or alternative use of different promoters and play opposite roles, particularly in cancer where their imbalance can be often observed. In this scenario, PRDM proteins are involved in cancer onset, invasion, and metastasis and their altered expression is related to poor prognosis and clinical outcome. These functions strongly suggest their potential use in cancer management as diagnostic or prognostic tools and as new targets of therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.A.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7579 (A.C.); +39-081-566-7568 (C.A.)
| | - Monica Rienzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Anna Sorrentino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Donatella Fiore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Maria Chiara Proto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Bruno Moncharmont
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ciro Abbondanza
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.A.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7579 (A.C.); +39-081-566-7568 (C.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Granados-Soler JL, Bornemann-Kolatzki K, Beck J, Brenig B, Schütz E, Betz D, Junginger J, Hewicker-Trautwein M, Murua Escobar H, Nolte I. Analysis of Copy-Number Variations and Feline Mammary Carcinoma Survival. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1003. [PMID: 31969654 PMCID: PMC6976565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Feline mammary carcinomas (FMCs) are highly malignant. As the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) are short, prognostication is crucial. Copy-number variations (CNVs) analysis by next-generation sequencing serves to identify critical cancer-related genomic regions. Thirty-three female cats with FMCs were followed during two years after surgery. Tumours represented tubulopapillary and solid carcinomas encompassing six molecular subtypes. Regardless of the histopathological diagnosis, molecular subtypes showed important differences in survival. Luminal A tumours exhibited the highest DFS (p = 0.002) and cancer-specific OS (p = 0.001), and the lowest amount of CNVs (p = 0.0001). In contrast, basal-like triple-negative FMCs had the worst outcome (DFS, p < 0.0001; and OS, p < 0.00001) and were the most aberrant (p = 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, copy-number losses (CNLs) in chromosome B1 (1-23 Mb) harbouring several tumour-repressors (e.g. CSMD1, MTUS1, MSR1, DBC2, and TUSC3) negatively influenced DFS. Whereas, copy-number gains (CNGs) in B4 (1-29 Mb) and F2 (64-82.3 Mb) comprising epithelial to mesenchymal transition genes and metastasis-promoting transcription factors (e.g. GATA3, VIM, ZEB1, and MYC) negatively influenced DFS and cancer-specific OS. These data evidence an association between specific CNVs in chromosomes B1, B4 and F2, and poor prognosis in FMCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Granados-Soler
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Clinic III, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Betz
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Junginger
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Clinic III, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang Q, Liu N, Bai J, Zhou Q, Mao J, Xu L, Liu J, Wei H, Ren C, Wu X, Wang M, Zhao B, Cong YS. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase is a novel target of Hippo-YAP pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:4178-4188. [PMID: 31950551 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902147r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Telomerase plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis by maintaining telomere homeostasis, a hallmark of cancer. However, the mechanisms by which telomerase is reactivated or upregulated during tumorigenesis remain incompletely understood. Here, we report that the Hippo pathway effector Yes-associated protein (YAP) regulates the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Ectopic expression or physiological activation of YAP increases hTERT expression, whereas knockdown of YAP decreases the expression of hTERT. YAP binds to the hTERT promoter through interaction with the TEA domain family transcription factors and activates hTERT transcription. Furthermore, sustained YAP hyperactivation promotes telomerase activity and extends telomere length, with increased hTERT expression. In addition, we show that hTERT expression is positively correlated with YAP activation in human liver cancer tissues. Together, our results demonstrate that YAP promotes hTERT expression, which could contribute to tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Liu
- College of Food Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Wei
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cong
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vargas RE, Duong VT, Han H, Ta AP, Chen Y, Zhao S, Yang B, Seo G, Chuc K, Oh S, El Ali A, Razorenova OV, Chen J, Luo R, Li X, Wang W. Elucidation of WW domain ligand binding specificities in the Hippo pathway reveals STXBP4 as YAP inhibitor. EMBO J 2020; 39:e102406. [PMID: 31782549 PMCID: PMC6939200 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway, which plays a critical role in organ size control and cancer, features numerous WW domain-based protein-protein interactions. However, ~100 WW domains and 2,000 PY motif-containing peptide ligands are found in the human proteome, raising a "WW-PY" binding specificity issue in the Hippo pathway. In this study, we have established the WW domain binding specificity for Hippo pathway components and uncovered a unique amino acid sequence required for it. By using this criterion, we have identified a WW domain-containing protein, STXBP4, as a negative regulator of YAP. Mechanistically, STXBP4 assembles a protein complex comprising α-catenin and a group of Hippo PY motif-containing components/regulators to inhibit YAP, a process that is regulated by actin cytoskeleton tension. Interestingly, STXBP4 is a potential tumor suppressor for human kidney cancer, whose downregulation is correlated with YAP activation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Taken together, our study not only elucidates the WW domain binding specificity for the Hippo pathway, but also reveals STXBP4 as a player in actin cytoskeleton tension-mediated Hippo pathway regulation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hippo Signaling Pathway
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Prognosis
- Protein Binding
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Rate
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vesicular Transport Proteins/genetics
- Vesicular Transport Proteins/metabolism
- WW Domains
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Vargas
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Vy Thuy Duong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Han Han
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Albert Paul Ta
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Shiji Zhao
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Gayoung Seo
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Kimberly Chuc
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Sunwoo Oh
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Amal El Ali
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Olga V Razorenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Ray Luo
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Xu Li
- School of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell BiologyUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size control, and regeneration. The core of the Hippo pathway in mammals consists of a kinase cascade, MST1/2 and LATS1/2, as well as downstream effectors, transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ. These core components of the Hippo pathway control transcriptional programs involved in cell proliferation, survival, mobility, stemness, and differentiation. The Hippo pathway is tightly regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic signals, such as mechanical force, cell-cell contact, polarity, energy status, stress, and many diffusible hormonal factors, the majority of which act through G protein-coupled receptors. Here, we review the current understanding of molecular mechanisms by which signals regulate the Hippo pathway with an emphasis on mechanotransduction and the effects of this pathway on basic biology and human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenghong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Special Issue on "Disease and the Hippo Pathway". Cells 2019; 8:cells8101179. [PMID: 31575050 PMCID: PMC6830332 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
34
|
Zhang D, Cao Y, Zuo Y, Wang Z, Mi X, Tang W. Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals novel hub genes closely associated with pathological mechanisms of immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1235-1245. [PMID: 31316619 PMCID: PMC6601137 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerular disease. The major pathological changes associated with it affect cell proliferation, fibrosis, apoptosis, inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. However, the molecular events underlying IgAN remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, an integrated bioinformatics analysis was applied to further explore novel potential gene targets for IgAN. The mRNA expression profile datasets GSE93798 and GSE37460 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. After data preprocessing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the DEGs were built with the STRING online search tool and visualized by using Cytoscape, and hub genes were identified through the degree of connectivity in the PPI. The hub genes were subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and co-expression analysis was performed. A total of 298 DEGs between IgAN and control groups were identified, and 148 and 150 of these DEGs were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. The DEGs were enriched in distinct GO terms for Biological Process, including cell growth, epithelial cell proliferation, ERK1 and ERK2 cascades, regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway and ECM organization. The top 10 hub genes were then screened from the PPI network by Cytoscape. As novel hub genes, Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit and early growth response 1 were determined to be closely associated with apoptosis and cell proliferation in IgAN. Tumor protein 53, integrin subunit β2 and fibronectin 1 may also be involved in the occurrence and development of IgAN. Co-expression analysis suggested that these hub genes were closely linked with each other. In conclusion, the present integrated bioinformatics analysis provided novel insight into the molecular events and novel candidate gene targets of IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Yiling Cao
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Yongdi Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Xuhua Mi
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Wanxin Tang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gao G, Xiu D, Yang B, Sun D, Wei X, Ding Y, Ma Y, Wang Z. miR-129-5p inhibits prostate cancer proliferation via targeting ETV1. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3531-3544. [PMID: 31190859 PMCID: PMC6512784 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s183435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed diseases in males. Methods RT-qPCR was used to detect miR-129-5p expression in tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues from patients with prostate cancer. The cell proliferation assay and colony forming assay were used to study the role of miR-129-5p in mediating prostate cancer cell growth. Bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase assay were performed to predict and confirm ETV1 as a target gene of miR-129-5p. Results We found that miR-129-5p levels were decreased significantly in human prostate cancer tissues compared with matched normal tissues from patients with prostate cancer. Overexpression of miR-129-5p suppressed prostate cancer cell growth while antagonist of miR-129-5p promoted cell proliferation in immortal prostate cell line RWPE-1. In addition, elevation of miR-129-5p decreased ETV1 expression in prostate cancer cells while downregulation of miR-129-5p increased ETV1 expression in RWPE-1. Mechanistically, ETV1 is confirmed a direct target of miR-129-5p in prostate cancer cells. Through repression of ETV1 expression, miR-129-5p could inactivate YAP signaling in prostate cancer cells. In addition, overexpression of ETV1 attenuated miR-129-5p induced cell proliferation in prostate cancer cells. Correlation analysis further revealed that there was a negative correlation between miR-129-5p levels and ETV1 mRNA levels in tumor tissues from patients with prostate cancer. Conclusion Our results identified miR-129-5p as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer via repression of ETV1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Dianhui Xiu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Daju Sun
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China,
| | - Youpeng Ding
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China,
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China,
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xie H, Wu L, Deng Z, Huo Y, Cheng Y. Emerging roles of YAP/TAZ in lung physiology and diseases. Life Sci 2018; 214:176-183. [PMID: 30385178 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The YAP and TAZ, as the downstream effectors of Hippo pathway, have emerged as important translational co-activators of a wide variety of biological processes. YAP/TAZ plays a crucial role in the lung development and physiology. Dysregulation of YAP/TAZ signaling pathway contributes to the development and progression of chronic lung diseases, including lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, COPD, asthma, and lung infection. Therefore, owing to its critical functions, delineation of the signaling mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in pathological conditions will shed light on developing strategies for its therapeutic targeting. Currently, the complex regulation of this pathway is under extensive investigation. In this review, we summarize and present recent findings of molecular mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in the lung physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the implications of YAP/TAZ for lung diseases treatment and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haojun Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liquan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenan Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yating Huo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxiong Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|