1
|
Okahata M, Sawada N, Nakao K, Ohta A, Kuhara A. Screening for cold tolerance genes in C. elegans, whose expressions are affected by anticancer drugs camptothecin and leptomycin B. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5401. [PMID: 38443452 PMCID: PMC10914781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a vital environmental factor affecting organisms' survival as they determine the mechanisms to tolerate rapid temperature changes. We demonstrate an experimental system for screening chemicals that affect cold tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans. The anticancer drugs leptomycin B and camptothecin were among the 4000 chemicals that were screened as those affecting cold tolerance. Genes whose expression was affected by leptomycin B or camptothecin under cold stimuli were investigated by transcriptome analysis. Abnormal cold tolerance was detected in several mutants possessing genes that were rendered defective and whose expression altered after exposure to either leptomycin B or camptothecin. The genetic epistasis analysis revealed that leptomycin B or camptothecin may increase cold tolerance by affecting a pathway upstream of the insulin receptor DAF-2 that regulates cold tolerance in the intestine. Our experimental system combining drug and cold tolerance could be used for a comprehensive screening of genes that control cold tolerance at a low cost and in a short time period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Okahata
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Sawada
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakao
- Biomolecular Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Akane Ohta
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kuhara
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
- PRIME, AMED, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ohnishi K, Sokabe T, Miura T, Tominaga M, Ohta A, Kuhara A. G protein-coupled receptor-based thermosensation determines temperature acclimatization of Caenorhabditis elegans. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1660. [PMID: 38396085 PMCID: PMC10891075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals must sense and acclimatize to environmental temperatures for survival, yet their thermosensing mechanisms other than transient receptor potential (TRP) channels remain poorly understood. We identify a trimeric G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), SRH-40, which confers thermosensitivity in sensory neurons regulating temperature acclimatization in Caenorhabditis elegans. Systematic knockdown of 1000 GPCRs by RNAi reveals GPCRs involved in temperature acclimatization, among which srh-40 is highly expressed in the ADL sensory neuron, a temperature-responsive chemosensory neuron, where TRP channels act as accessorial thermoreceptors. In vivo Ca2+ imaging demonstrates that an srh-40 mutation reduced the temperature sensitivity of ADL, resulting in supranormal temperature acclimatization. Ectopically expressing SRH-40 in a non-warmth-sensing gustatory neuron confers temperature responses. Moreover, temperature-dependent SRH-40 activation is reconstituted in Drosophila S2R+ cells. Overall, SRH-40 may be involved in thermosensory signaling underlying temperature acclimatization. We propose a dual thermosensing machinery through a GPCR and TRP channels in a single sensory neuron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Ohnishi
- Graduate school of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan
- Physiology and Biophysics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences (Medical), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sokabe
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Toru Miura
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Akane Ohta
- Graduate school of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan.
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan.
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kuhara
- Graduate school of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan.
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan.
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-8501, Japan.
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu J, Zhang P, Zheng Z, Afridi MI, Zhang S, Wan Z, Zhang X, Stingelin L, Wang Y, Tu H. GABAergic signaling between enteric neurons and intestinal smooth muscle promotes innate immunity and gut defense in Caenorhabditis elegans. Immunity 2023; 56:1515-1532.e9. [PMID: 37437538 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system is critical for intestinal homeostasis and function, but questions remain regarding its impact on gut immune defense. By screening the major neurotransmitters of C. elegans, we found that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) deficiency enhanced susceptibility to pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 infection. GABAergic signaling between enteric neurons and intestinal smooth muscle promoted gut defense in a PMK-1/p38-dependent, but IIS/DAF-16- and DBL-1/TGF-β-independent, pathway. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that the neuropeptide, FLP-6, acted downstream of enteric GABAergic signaling. Further data determined that FLP-6 was expressed and secreted by intestinal smooth muscle cells and functioned as a paracrine molecule on the intestinal epithelium. FLP-6 suppressed the transcription factors ZIP-10 and KLF-1 that worked in parallel and converged to the PMK-1/p38 pathway in the intestinal epithelia for innate immunity and gut defense. Collectively, these findings uncover an enteric neuron-muscle-epithelium axis that may be evolutionarily conserved in higher organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongfan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Muhammad Irfan Afridi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiqing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Lukas Stingelin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Haijun Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ohta A, Yamashiro S, Kuhara A. Temperature acclimation: Temperature shift induces system conversion to cold tolerance in C. elegans. Neurosci Res 2023:S0168-0102(23)00075-5. [PMID: 37086751 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Acclimation to temperature is one of the survival strategies used by organisms to adapt to changing environmental temperatures. Caenorhabditis elegans' cold tolerance is altered by previous cultivation temperature, and similarly, past low-temperature induces a longer lifespan. Temperature is thought to cause a large shift in homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and reproduction in the organism because it is a direct physiological factor during chemical events. This paper will share and discuss what we know so far about the neural and molecular mechanisms that control cold tolerance and lifespan by altering lipid metabolism and physiological characteristics. We hope that this will contribute to a better understanding of how organisms respond to temperature changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akane Ohta
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN; Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN; AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, JAPAN.
| | - Serina Yamashiro
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN; Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN
| | - Atsushi Kuhara
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN; Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, JAPAN; AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, JAPAN.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yoshina S, Izuhara L, Kamatani N, Mitani S. Regulation of aging by balancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant levels. J Physiol Sci 2022; 72:28. [DOI: 10.1186/s12576-022-00853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAging is the deterioration of physiological mechanisms that is associated with getting old. There is a link between aging and mitochondrial function. However, there is an unresolved relationship between ATP levels and aging. To address this issue, we administered febuxostat (FBX), an inhibitor of human xanthine oxidase (XO)/xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), to C. elegans. We used C. elegans as a model to evaluate the effects of FBX and to challenge the enigma of the relationship between ATP and lifespan. In this study, we showed that FBX protects mitochondria and prevents age-related muscle deterioration in C. elegans. In addition, we showed that FBX administration could increase ATP levels without overloading the mitochondria while extending the lifespan. We also showed that the combination of FBX and an antioxidant as a protection against ROS prolongs lifespan more. We have shown that the antioxidant effects and increased ATP levels may lead to antiaging effects.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kaulich E, Grundy LJ, Schafer WR, Walker DS. The diverse functions of the DEG/ENaC family: linking genetic and physiological insights. J Physiol 2022; 601:1521-1542. [PMID: 36314992 PMCID: PMC10148893 DOI: 10.1113/jp283335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The DEG/ENaC family of ion channels was defined based on the sequence similarity between degenerins (DEG) from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and subunits of the mammalian epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), and also includes a diverse array of non-voltage-gated cation channels from across animal phyla, including the mammalian acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and Drosophila pickpockets. ENaCs and ASICs have wide ranging medical importance; for example, ENaCs play an important role in respiratory and renal function, and ASICs in ischaemia and inflammatory pain, as well as being implicated in memory and learning. Electrophysiological approaches, both in vitro and in vivo, have played an essential role in establishing the physiological properties of this diverse family, identifying an array of modulators and implicating them in an extensive range of cellular functions, including mechanosensation, acid sensation and synaptic modulation. Likewise, genetic studies in both invertebrates and vertebrates have played an important role in linking our understanding of channel properties to function at the cellular and whole animal/behavioural level. Drawing together genetic and physiological evidence is essential to furthering our understanding of the precise cellular roles of DEG/ENaC channels, with the diversity among family members allowing comparative physiological studies to dissect the molecular basis of these diverse functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kaulich
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura J Grundy
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - William R Schafer
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Denise S Walker
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sugino S, Inoue K, Kobayashi R, Hirose R, Doi T, Harusato A, Dohi O, Yoshida N, Uchiyama K, Ishikawa T, Takagi T, Yasuda H, Konishi H, Hirai Y, Mizushima K, Naito Y, Tsuji T, Okuda T, Kagawa K, Tominaga M, Itoh Y. Association Between the Cool Temperature-dependent Suppression of Colonic Peristalsis and Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 Activation in Both a Randomized Clinical Trial and an Animal Model. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 28:693-705. [PMID: 36250375 PMCID: PMC9577569 DOI: 10.5056/jnm21198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Several studies have assessed the effect of cool temperature on colonic peristalsis. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a temperature-sensitive ion channel activated by mild cooling expressed in the colon. We examined the antispasmodic effect of cool temperature on colonic peristalsis in a prospective, randomized, single-blind trial and based on the video imaging and intraluminal pressure of the proximal colon in rats and TRPM8-deficient mice. Methods In the clinical trial, we randomly assigned a total of 94 patients scheduled to undergo colonoscopy to 2 groups: the mildly cool water (n = 47) and control (n = 47) groups. We used 20 mL of 15°C water for the mildly cool water. The primary outcome was the proportion of subjects with improved peristalsis after treatment. In the rodent proximal colon, we evaluated the intraluminal pressure and performed video imaging of the rodent proximal colon with cool water administration into the colonic lumen. Clinical trial registry website (Trial No. UMIN-CTR; UMIN000030725). Results In the randomized controlled trial, after treatment, the proportion of subjects with no peristalsis with cool water was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (44.7% vs 23.4%; P < 0.05). In the rodent colon model, cool temperature water was associated with a significant decrease in colonic peristalsis through its suppression of the ratio of peak frequency (P < 0.05). Cool temperature-treated TRPM8-deficient mice did not show a reduction in colonic peristalsis compared with wild-type mice. Conclusion For the first time, this study demonstrates that cool temperature-dependent suppression of colonic peristalsis may be associated with TRPM8 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Sugino
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Inoue
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reo Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryohei Hirose
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Doi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihito Harusato
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Dohi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naohisa Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Uchiyama
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yasuda
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Konishi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuko Hirai
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Human Immunology and Nutrition Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keizo Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tang LL, Yang X, Yu SQ, Qin Q, Xue R, Sun Y, Xiao H, Shang AQ, Liu JQ, Han SQ, Liang C, Lou J, Wang QS, Yu CJ, Wu MM, Zhang ZR. Aldosterone-stimulated endothelial epithelial sodium channel (EnNaC) plays a role in cold exposure–induced hypertension in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970812. [PMID: 36278222 PMCID: PMC9582121 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that activated endothelial epithelial sodium channel (EnNaC) impairs vasodilatation, which contributes to salt-sensitive hypertension. Here, we investigate whether mesenteric artery (MA) EnNaC is involved in cold exposure–induced hypertension (CIH) and identify the underlying mechanisms in SD rats.Methods: One group of rats was housed at room temperature and served as control. Three groups of rats were kept in a 4°C cold incubator for 10 h/day; among which two groups were administrated with either benzamil (EnNaC blocker) or eplerenone (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, MR). Blood pressure (BP), vasodilatation, and endothelial function were measured with tail-cuff plethysmography, isometric myograph, and Total Nitric Oxide (NO) Assay kit, respectively. A cell-attached patch-clamp technique, in split-open MA, was used to determine the role of EnNaC in CIH rats. Furthermore, the plasma aldosterone levels were detected using an ELISA kit; and Western blot analysis was used to examine the relative expression levels of Sgk1 and Nedd4-2 proteins in the MA of SD rats.Results: We demonstrated that cold exposure increased BP, impaired vasodilatation, and caused endothelial dysfunction in rats. The activity of EnNaC significantly increased, concomitant with an increased level of plasma aldosterone and activation of Sgk1/Nedd4-2 signaling. Importantly, CIH was inhibited by either eplerenone or benzamil. It appeared that cold-induced decrease in NO production and impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) were significantly ameliorated by either eplerenone or benzamil in MA of CIH rats. Moreover, treatment of MAs with aldosterone resulted in an activation of EnNaC, a reduction of NO, and an impairment of EDR, which were significantly inhibited by either eplerenone or GSK650394 (Sgk1 inhibitor) or benzamil.Conclusion: Activation of EnNaC contributes to CIH; we suggest that pharmacological inhibition of the MR/Sgk1/Nedd4-2/EnNaC axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for CIH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Tang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Qi Yu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Qin
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Rong Xue
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - An-Qi Shang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Jia-Qun Liu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Song-Qi Han
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Lou
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Qiu-Shi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Ming-Ming Wu
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Ren Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Cardiology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, China
- Department of Cardiology, the 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University and Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Ren Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu D, Bai J, Chen Q, Tan R, An Z, Xiao J, Qu Y, Xu Y. Brain metastases: It takes two factors for a primary cancer to metastasize to brain. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1003715. [PMID: 36248975 PMCID: PMC9554149 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1003715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis of a cancer is a malignant disease with high mortality, but the cause and the molecular mechanism remain largely unknown. Using the samples of primary tumors of 22 cancer types in the TCGA database, we have performed a computational study of their transcriptomic data to investigate the drivers of brain metastases at the basic physics and chemistry level. Our main discoveries are: (i) the physical characteristics, namely electric charge, molecular weight, and the hydrophobicity of the extracellular structures of the expressed transmembrane proteins largely affect a primary cancer cell’s ability to cross the blood-brain barrier; and (ii) brain metastasis may require specific functions provided by the activated enzymes in the metastasizing primary cancer cells for survival in the brain micro-environment. Both predictions are supported by published experimental studies. Based on these findings, we have built a classifier to predict if a given primary cancer may have brain metastasis, achieving the accuracy level at AUC = 0.92 on large test sets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingyun Liu
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Renbo Tan
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng An
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Computational Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Bioinformatics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Jun Xiao
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingwei Qu
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Computational Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Bioinformatics, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Ying Xu,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Head-tail-head neural wiring underlies gut fat storage in Caenorhabditis elegans temperature acclimation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203121119. [PMID: 35914124 PMCID: PMC9371718 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203121119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals maintain the ability to survive and reproduce by acclimating to environmental temperatures. We showed here that Caenorhabditis elegans exhibited temperature acclimation plasticity, which was regulated by a head-tail-head neural circuitry coupled with gut fat storage. After experiencing cold, C. elegans individuals memorized the experience and were prepared against subsequent cold stimuli. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) regulated temperature acclimation in the ASJ thermosensory neurons and RMG head interneurons, where it modulated ASJ thermosensitivity in response to past cultivation temperature. The PVQ tail interneurons mediated the communication between ASJ and RMG via glutamatergic signaling. Temperature acclimation occurred via gut fat storage regulation by the triglyceride lipase ATGL-1, which was activated by a neuropeptide, FLP-7, downstream of CREB. Thus, a head-tail-head neural circuit coordinated with gut fat influenced experience-dependent temperature acclimation.
Collapse
|
11
|
Pandey P, Kaur G, Babu K. Crosstalk between neurons and glia through G-protein coupled receptors: Insights from Caenorhabditis elegans. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 193:119-144. [PMID: 36357074 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed a dogmatic shift from glia as supporting cells in the nervous system to their active roles in neurocentric functions. Neurons and glia communicate and show bidirectional responses through tripartite synapses. Studies across species indicate that neurotransmitters released by neurons are perceived by glial receptors, which allow for gliotransmitter release. These gliotransmitters can result in activation of neurons via neuronal GPCR receptors. However, studies of these molecular interactions are in their infancy. Caenorhabditis elegans has a conserved neuron-glia architectural repertoire with molecular and functional resemblance to mammals. Further, glia in C. elegans can be manipulated through ablation and mutations allowing for deciphering of glial dependent processes in vivo at single glial resolutions. Here, we will review recent findings from vertebrate and invertebrate organisms with a focus on how C. elegans can be used to advance our understanding of neuron-glia interactions through GPCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratima Pandey
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Gazaldeep Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kavita Babu
- Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Glauser DA. Temperature sensing and context-dependent thermal behavior in nematodes. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 73:102525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
13
|
OKAHATA M, MOTOMURA H, OHTA A, KUHARA A. Molecular physiology regulating cold tolerance and acclimation of Caenorhabditis elegans. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 98:126-139. [PMID: 35283408 PMCID: PMC8948419 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms can survive and proliferate in changing environmental temperatures. Here, we introduce a molecular physiological mechanism for cold tolerance and acclimation of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans on the basis of previous reports and a new result. Three types of thermosensory neurons located in the head, ASJ, ASG, and ADL, regulate cold tolerance and acclimation. In ASJ, components of the light-signaling pathway are involved in thermosensation. In ASG, mechanoreceptor DEG-1 acts as thermoreceptor. In ADL, transient receptor potential channels are thermoreceptors; however, the presence of an additional unidentified thermoreceptor is also speculated. ADL thermoresponsivity is modulated by oxygen sensory signaling from URX oxygen sensory neurons via hub interneurons. ASJ releases insulin and steroid hormones that are received by the intestine, which results in lipid composition changing with cold tolerance. Additionally, the intestinal transcriptional alteration affects sperm functions, which in turn affects the thermosensitivity of ASJ; thus, the neuron-intestine-sperm-neuron tissue circuit is essential for cold tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki OKAHATA
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Haruka MOTOMURA
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akane OHTA
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Atsushi KUHARA
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- PRIME, AMED, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang H, Zheng J, Deng M, Fang Y, Zhan D, Wang G. Identification of pathways and genes associated with meniscus degeneration using bioinformatics analyses. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:12410-12420. [PMID: 34956462 PMCID: PMC8661235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying meniscus degeneration. METHODS We performed anterior cruciate ligament resection in the Hainan Wuzhishan pig to establish a meniscus degeneration model. We applied gene chip technology to detect differentially expressed genes (DEG) in the degenerative meniscus tissues. We applied Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, core gene network, and relevant MicroRNA analyses to identify regulatory networks relevant to meniscus degeneration. We detected 893 differentially expressed genes, mainly involved in hormone production, apoptosis, and inflammation. RESULTS We found that MUC13, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, MDFI, and miR-335-5p may play a key role in the degenerative meniscus tissue. CONCLUSION We found that meniscus degeneration involves several molecular mechanisms and provide molecular targets for future research into the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University)Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University)Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wuhan University People’s HospitalWuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yehan Fang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University)Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Daolu Zhan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University)Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University)Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cook SJ, Vidal B, Hobert O. The bHLH-PAS gene hlh-34 is expressed in the AVH, not AVJ interneurons. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2021; 2021:10.17912/micropub.biology.000467. [PMID: 34604715 PMCID: PMC8479555 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Single neuron-specific drivers are important tools for visualizing neuron anatomy, manipulating neuron activity and gene rescue experiments. We report here that genomic regions upstream of the C. elegans bHLH-PAS gene hlh-34 can be used to drive gene expression exclusively in the AVH interneuron pair and not, as previously reported, the AVJ interneuron pair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Cook
- Columbia University, Department of Biological Sciences, HHMI, New York, NY
| | - Berta Vidal
- Columbia University, Department of Biological Sciences, HHMI, New York, NY
| | - Oliver Hobert
- Columbia University, Department of Biological Sciences, HHMI, New York, NY,
Correspondence to: Oliver Hobert ()
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang W, Flury AG, Garrison JL, Brem RB. Cold Survival and Its Molecular Mechanisms in a Locally Adapted Nematode Population. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab188. [PMID: 34383891 PMCID: PMC8449824 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since Darwin, evolutionary biologists have sought to understand the drivers and mechanisms of natural trait diversity. The field advances toward this goal with the discovery of phenotypes that vary in the wild, their relationship to ecology, and their underlying genes. Here, we established resistance to extreme low temperature in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae as an ecological and evolutionary model system. We found that C. briggsae strains of temperate origin were strikingly more cold-resistant than those isolated from tropical localities. Transcriptional profiling revealed expression patterns unique to the resistant temperate ecotype, including dozens of genes expressed at high levels even after multiple days of cold-induced physiological slowdown. Mutational analysis validated a role in cold resistance for seven such genes. These findings highlight a candidate case of robust, genetically complex adaptation in an emerging model nematode, and shed light on the mechanisms at play.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Wang
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, USA
| | - Anna G Flury
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, USA
| | - Jennifer L Garrison
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UC San Francisco, USA
- Global Consortium for Reproductive Longevity & Equality, Novato, California, USA
| | - Rachel B Brem
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee CH, Choi YA, Heo SJ, Song P. The Effect of Hyperbaric Therapy on Brown Adipose Tissue in Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179165. [PMID: 34501754 PMCID: PMC8431214 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in thermogenic regulation, which contributes to alleviating diet-induced obesity through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. While cold exposure and physical exercise are known to increase BAT development and UCP1 expression, the contribution of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy to BAT maturation remains largely unknown. Here, we show that HBO treatment sufficiently increases BAT volumes and thermogenic protein levels in Sprague-Dawley rats. Through 18F-FDG PET/CT analysis, we found that exposure to high-pressure oxygen (1.5–2.5 ATA) for 7 consecutive days increased radiolabeled glucose uptake and BAT development to an extent comparable to cold exposure. Consistent with BAT maturation, thermogenic protein levels, such as those of UCP1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC−1α), were largely increased by HBO treatment. Taken together, we suggest HBO therapy as a novel method of inducing BAT development, considering its therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hyung Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-A.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Young-A Choi
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-A.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Sung-Jin Heo
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-A.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Parkyong Song
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8061; Fax: +82-51-510-8526
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rappaport Y, Achache H, Falk R, Murik O, Ram O, Tzur YB. Bisection of the X chromosome disrupts the initiation of chromosome silencing during meiosis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4802. [PMID: 34376665 PMCID: PMC8355143 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
During meiosis, gene expression is silenced in aberrantly unsynapsed chromatin and in heterogametic sex chromosomes. Initiation of sex chromosome silencing is disrupted in meiocytes with sex chromosome-autosome translocations. To determine whether this is due to aberrant synapsis or loss of continuity of sex chromosomes, we engineered Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes with non-translocated, bisected X chromosomes. In early meiocytes of mutant males and hermaphrodites, X segments are enriched with euchromatin assembly markers and active RNA polymerase II staining, indicating active transcription. Analysis of RNA-seq data showed that genes from the X chromosome are upregulated in gonads of mutant worms. Contrary to previous models, which predicted that any unsynapsed chromatin is silenced during meiosis, our data indicate that unsynapsed X segments are transcribed. Therefore, our results suggest that sex chromosome chromatin has a unique character that facilitates its meiotic expression when its continuity is lost, regardless of whether or not it is synapsed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yisrael Rappaport
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanna Achache
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roni Falk
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omer Murik
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oren Ram
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yonatan B Tzur
- Department of Genetics, The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yurkevicius BR, Alba BK, Seeley AD, Castellani JW. Human cold habituation: Physiology, timeline, and modifiers. Temperature (Austin) 2021; 9:122-157. [PMID: 36106151 PMCID: PMC9467574 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2021.1903145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Habituation is an adaptation seen in many organisms, defined by a reduction in the response to repeated stimuli. Evolutionarily, habituation is thought to benefit the organism by allowing conservation of metabolic resources otherwise spent on sub-lethal provocations including repeated cold exposure. Hypermetabolic and/or insulative adaptations may occur after prolonged and severe cold exposures, resulting in enhanced cold defense mechanisms such as increased thermogenesis and peripheral vasoconstriction, respectively. Habituation occurs prior to these adaptations in response to short duration mild cold exposures, and, perhaps counterintuitively, elicits a reduction in cold defense mechanisms demonstrated through higher skin temperatures, attenuated shivering, and reduced cold sensations. These habituated responses likely serve to preserve peripheral tissue temperature and conserve energy during non-life threatening cold stress. The purpose of this review is to define habituation in general terms, present evidence for the response in non-human species, and provide an up-to-date, critical examination of past studies and the potential physiological mechanisms underlying human cold habituation. Our aim is to stimulate interest in this area of study and promote further experiments to understand this physiological adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beau R. Yurkevicius
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Billie K. Alba
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Afton D. Seeley
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, USA
| | - John W. Castellani
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ohnishi K, Saito S, Miura T, Ohta A, Tominaga M, Sokabe T, Kuhara A. OSM-9 and OCR-2 TRPV channels are accessorial warm receptors in Caenorhabditis elegans temperature acclimatisation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18566. [PMID: 33122746 PMCID: PMC7596061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) exhibits cold tolerance and temperature acclimatisation regulated by a small number of head sensory neurons, such as the ADL temperature-sensing neurons that express three transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channel subunits, OSM-9, OCR-2, and OCR-1. Here, we show that an OSM-9/OCR-2 regulates temperature acclimatisation and acts as an accessorial warmth-sensing receptor in ADL neurons. Caenorhabditis elegans TRPV channel mutants showed abnormal temperature acclimatisation. Ectopic expression of OSM-9 and OCR-2 in non-warming-responsive gustatory neurons in C. elegans and Xenopus oocytes revealed that OSM-9 and OCR-2 cooperatively responded to warming; however, neither TRPV subunit alone was responsive to warming. A warming-induced OSM-9/OCR-2-mediated current was detectable in Xenopus oocytes, yet ADL in osm-9 ocr-2 double mutant responds to warming; therefore, an OSM-9/OCR-2 TRPV channel and as yet unidentified temperature receptor might coordinate transmission of temperature signalling in ADL temperature-sensing neurons. This study demonstrates direct sensation of warming by TRPV channels in C. elegans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Ohnishi
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan.,Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.,Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Toru Miura
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan
| | - Akane Ohta
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan.,Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.,Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sokabe
- Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan. .,Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kuhara
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan. .,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan. .,Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan. .,AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Takeishi A, Takagaki N, Kuhara A. Temperature signaling underlying thermotaxis and cold tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Neurogenet 2020; 34:351-362. [DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1734001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Takeishi
- Neural Circuit of Multisensory Integration RIKEN Hakubi Research Team, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN Center for Brain Science (CBS), Wako, Japan
| | - Natsune Takagaki
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuhara
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Takagaki N, Ohta A, Ohnishi K, Kawanabe A, Minakuchi Y, Toyoda A, Fujiwara Y, Kuhara A. The mechanoreceptor DEG-1 regulates cold tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48671. [PMID: 32009302 PMCID: PMC7054665 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans mechanoreceptors located in ASG sensory neurons have been found to sense ambient temperature, which is a key trait for animal survival. Here, we show that experimental loss of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH-1) function in AIN and AVJ interneurons results in reduced cold tolerance and atypical neuronal response to changes in temperature. These interneurons connect with upstream neurons such as the mechanoreceptor-expressing ASG. Ca2+ imaging revealed that ASG neurons respond to warm temperature via the mechanoreceptor DEG-1, a degenerin/epithelial Na+ channel (DEG/ENaC), which in turn affects downstream AIN and AVJ circuits. Ectopic expression of DEG-1 in the ASE gustatory neuron results in the acquisition of warm sensitivity, while electrophysiological analysis revealed that DEG-1 and human MDEG1 were involved in warm sensation. Taken together, these results suggest that cold tolerance is regulated by mechanoreceptor-mediated circuit calculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsune Takagaki
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.,Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akane Ohta
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.,Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kohei Ohnishi
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.,Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Kawanabe
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Minakuchi
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.,Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.,Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Fujiwara
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuhara
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.,Institute for Integrative Neurobiology, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Konan University, Kobe, Japan.,AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|