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Faizan S, Wali AF, Talath S, Rehman MU, Sivamani Y, Nilugal KC, Shivangere NB, Attia SM, Nadeem A, Elayaperumal S, Kumar BRP. Novel dihydropyrimidines as promising EGFR & HER2 inhibitors: Insights from experimental and computational studies. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116607. [PMID: 38908102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Dihydropyrimidines are widely recognized for their diverse biological properties and are often synthesized by the Biginelli reactions. In this backdrop, a novel series of Biginelli dihydropyrimidines were designed, synthesized, purified, and analyzed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. Anticancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells was evaluated as part of their cytotoxicity in comparison with the normal Vero cells. The cytotoxicity of dihydropyrimidines ranges from moderate to significant. Among the 38 dihydropyrimidines screened, compounds 16, 21, and 39 exhibited significant cytotoxicity. These 3 compounds were subjected to flow cytometry studies and EGFRwt Kinase inhibition assay using lapatinib as a standard. The study included evaluation for the inhibition of EGFR and HER2 expression at five different concentrations. At a concentration of 1000 nM compound 21 showed 98.51 % and 96.79 % inhibition of EGFR and HER2 expression. Moreover, compounds 16, 21 and 39 significantly inhibited EGFRwt activity with IC50 = 69.83, 37.21 and 76.79 nM, respectively. In addition, 3D-QSAR experiments were conducted to elucidate Structure activity relationships in a 3D grid space by comparing the experimental and predicted cytotoxic activities. Molecular docking studies were performed to validate the results by in silico method. All together, we developed a new series of Biginelli dihydropyrimidines as dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570015, Constituent College of the JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Adil Farooq Wali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sirajunisa Talath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuvaraj Sivamani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570015, Constituent College of the JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, 570015, India
| | - Kiran C Nilugal
- School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, Selangor, 40100, Malaysia
| | | | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumitha Elayaperumal
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570015, Constituent College of the JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, 570015, India.
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2
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Proskorovski-Ohayon R, Eskin-Schwartz M, Shorer Z, Kadir R, Halperin D, Drabkin M, Yogev Y, Aharoni S, Hadar N, Cohen H, Eremenko E, Perez Y, Birk OS. ZNF142 mutation causes sex-dependent neurologic disorder. J Med Genet 2024; 61:566-577. [PMID: 38296634 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-specific predilection in neurological diseases caused by mutations in autosomal genes is a phenomenon whose molecular basis is poorly understood. We studied females of consanguineous Bedouin kindred presenting with severe global developmental delay and epilepsy. METHODS Linkage analysis, whole exome sequencing, generation of CRISPR/cas9 knock-in mice, mouse behaviour and molecular studies RESULTS: Linkage analysis and whole exome sequencing studies of the affected kindred delineated a ~5 Mbp disease-associated chromosome 2q35 locus, containing a novel homozygous frameshift truncating mutation in ZNF142, in line with recent studies depicting similar ZNF142 putative loss-of-function human phenotypes with female preponderance. We generated knock-in mice with a truncating mutation adjacent to the human mutation in the mouse ortholog. Behaviour studies of homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice showed significant phenotype only in mutant females, with learning and memory deficits, hyperactivity and aberrant loss of fear of open spaces. Bone marrow and spleen of homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice showed depletion of lymphoid and haematopoietic cells, mostly in females. RT-PCR showed lower expression of Zpf142 in brain compartments of female versus male wild-type mice. RNA-seq studies of hippocampus, hypothalamus, cortex and cerebellum of female wild-type versus homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice demonstrated differentially expressed genes. Notably, expression of Taok1 in the cortex and of Mllt6 in the hippocampus was downregulated in homozygous Zfp142R1508* mice. Taok1 mutations have been associated with aberrant neurodevelopment and behaviour. Mllt6 expression is regulated by sex hormones and Mllt6 null-mutant mice present with haematopoietic, immune system and female-specific behaviour phenotypes. CONCLUSION ZNF142 mutation downregulates Mllt6 and Taok1, causing a neurodevelopmental phenotype in humans and mice with female preponderance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Proskorovski-Ohayon
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Marina Eskin-Schwartz
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Rotem Kadir
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Halperin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Max Drabkin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yuval Yogev
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sarit Aharoni
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Noam Hadar
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hagit Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Eremenko
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yonatan Perez
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ohad S Birk
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics and Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
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3
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Chen B, Deng Y, Ren X, Zhao J, Jiang C. CRISPR/Cas9 screening: unraveling cancer immunotherapy's 'Rosetta Stone'. Trends Mol Med 2024:S1471-4914(24)00102-3. [PMID: 38763850 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based technology, a powerful toolset for the unbiased functional genomic screening of biological processes, has facilitated several scientific breakthroughs in the biomedical field. Cancer immunotherapy has advanced the treatment of numerous malignancies that previously had restricted treatment options or unfavorable outcomes. In the realm of cancer immunotherapy, the application of CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-based genetic perturbation screening has enabled the identification of genes, biomarkers, and signaling pathways that govern various cancer immunoreactivities, as well as the development of effective immunotherapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the advances in CRISPR/Cas9-based screening for cancer immunotherapy and outline the immunotherapeutic targets identified via CRISPR screening based on cancer-type classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Yanrong Deng
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xianghai Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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4
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Döring M, Brux M, Paszkowski-Rogacz M, Guillem-Gloria PM, Buchholz F, Pisabarro MT, Theis M. Nucleolar protein TAAP1/ C22orf46 confers pro-survival signaling in non-small cell lung cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302257. [PMID: 38228372 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells subvert immune surveillance or lytic stress by harnessing inhibitory signals. Hence, bispecific antibodies have been developed to direct CTLs to the tumor site and foster immune-dependent cytotoxicity. Although applied with success, T cell-based immunotherapies are not universally effective partially because of the expression of pro-survival factors by tumor cells protecting them from apoptosis. Here, we report a CRISPR/Cas9 screen in human non-small cell lung cancer cells designed to identify genes that confer tumors with the ability to evade the cytotoxic effects of CD8+ T lymphocytes engaged by bispecific antibodies. We show that the gene C22orf46 facilitates pro-survival signals and that tumor cells devoid of C22orf46 expression exhibit increased susceptibility to T cell-induced apoptosis and stress by genotoxic agents. Although annotated as a non-coding gene, we demonstrate that C22orf46 encodes a nucleolar protein, hereafter referred to as "Tumor Apoptosis Associated Protein 1," up-regulated in lung cancer, which displays remote homologies to the BH domain containing Bcl-2 family of apoptosis regulators. Collectively, the findings establish TAAP1/C22orf46 as a pro-survival oncogene with implications to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marietta Döring
- https://ror.org/042aqky30 National Center for Tumor Diseases/University Cancer Center (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Melanie Brux
- https://ror.org/042aqky30 National Center for Tumor Diseases/University Cancer Center (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- https://ror.org/00e7dfm13 Medical Systems Biologyhttps://ror.org/042aqky30 , Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maciej Paszkowski-Rogacz
- https://ror.org/00e7dfm13 Medical Systems Biologyhttps://ror.org/042aqky30 , Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pedro M Guillem-Gloria
- https://ror.org/042aqky30 Structural Bioinformatics, BIOTEC, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- https://ror.org/042aqky30 National Center for Tumor Diseases/University Cancer Center (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- https://ror.org/00e7dfm13 Medical Systems Biologyhttps://ror.org/042aqky30 , Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Teresa Pisabarro
- https://ror.org/042aqky30 Structural Bioinformatics, BIOTEC, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko Theis
- https://ror.org/042aqky30 National Center for Tumor Diseases/University Cancer Center (NCT/UCC): German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- https://ror.org/00e7dfm13 Medical Systems Biologyhttps://ror.org/042aqky30 , Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Naishima NL, Faizan S, Raju RM, Sruthi ASVL, NG V, Sharma GK, Vasanth KS, Shivaraju VK, Ramu R, Kumar BRP. Design, Synthesis, Analysis, Evaluation of Cytotoxicity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells, 3D QSAR Studies and EGFR, HER2 Inhibition Studies on Novel Biginelli 1,4-Dihydropyrimidines. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Yoon HJ, Kim GC, Oh S, Kim H, Kim YK, Lee Y, Kim MS, Kwon G, Ok YS, Kwon HK, Kim HS. WNK3 inhibition elicits antitumor immunity by suppressing PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and activating T-cell function. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1913-1926. [PMID: 36357569 PMCID: PMC9722663 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint therapies, such as programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade, have shown remarkable clinical benefit in many cancers by restoring the function of exhausted T cells. Hence, the identification of novel PD-L1 regulators and the development of their inhibition strategies have significant therapeutic advantages. Here, we conducted pooled shRNA screening to identify regulators of membrane PD-L1 levels in lung cancer cells targeting druggable genes and cancer drivers. We identified WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 3 (WNK3) as a novel positive regulator of PD-L1 expression. The kinase-dead WNK3 mutant failed to elevate PD-L1 levels, indicating the involvement of its kinase domain in this function. WNK3 perturbation increased cancer cell death in cancer cell-immune cell coculture conditions and boosted the secretion of cytokines and cytolytic enzymes, promoting antitumor activities in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. WNK463, a pan-WNK inhibitor, enhanced CD8+ T-cell-mediated antitumor activity and suppressed tumor growth as a monotherapy as well as in combination with a low-dose anti-PD-1 antibody in the MC38 syngeneic mouse model. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-JUN pathway underlies WNK3-mediated transcriptional regulation of PD-L1. Our findings highlight that WNK3 inhibition might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer immunotherapy through its concurrent impact on cancer cells and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Yoon
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi-Cheon Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sejin Oh
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hakhyun Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Keon Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunji Lee
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Seo Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gino Kwon
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate Program for Nanomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Su Ok
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho-Keun Kwon
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Kim
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Wu L, Zhong Y, Wu D, Xu P, Ruan X, Yan J, Liu J, Li X. Immunomodulatory Factor TIM3 of Cytolytic Active Genes Affected the Survival and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients by Multi-Omics Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092248. [PMID: 36140350 PMCID: PMC9496572 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
[Objective] Using multi-omics research methods to explore cytolytic activity-related genes through the immunoregulatory factors HAVCR2 (TIM3) affecting the survival and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. [Methods] We combined Cox single factor regression and lasso regression feature selection algorithm to screen out the key genes of cytolytic activity in lung adenocarcinoma, and applied multi-omics research to explore the clinical predictive value of the model, including onset risk, independent prognosis, clinical relevance, signal transduction pathways, drug sensitivity, and the correlation of immune regulatory factors, etc. TCGA data are used as the experimental group, and GEO data is used as the external data control group to verify the stability of the model. The survival curve was generated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by log-rank, and the Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis. In this study, 10 fresh tissue samples of lung adenocarcinoma were collected for cellular immunohistochemical experiments to analyze the expression of immunoregulatory factors in cancer tissues, and the key immunoregulatory factors were verified and screened out. [Results] A total of 450 genes related to cytolytic activity were differentially expressed, of which 273 genes were up-regulated and 177 genes were down-regulated. A total of 91 key genes related to cytolytic activity related to the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma were screened through Cox single factor regression. The ROC curve results showed that the AUC values of 1, 3, and 5 years in the training set and test set were all greater than 0.7, indicating that the model has a valid verification. The level of risk score is significantly related to the sensitivity of patients to AKT inhibitor VIII, Lenalidomide, and Tipifarnib. In addition, our study also found that receptor and MHC genes related to immunomodulatory, and chemokines, including HAVCR2, are more highly expressed in the low-risk group. [Conclusions] HAVCR2 (TIM3) immunoregulatory factors affect the expression of key genes that affect cytolytic activity in lung adenocarcinoma cells, and to some extent indirectly affect the survival and prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liusheng Wu
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Tsinghua university, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhong
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Dingwang Wu
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Xin Ruan
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Tsinghua university, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Jixian Liu
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
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8
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Wang D, Gao S, Qian H, Yuan P, Zhang B. Prognostic Value of Copy Number Alteration Burden in Early-Stage Breast Cancer and the Construction of an 11-Gene Copy Number Alteration Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174145. [PMID: 36077687 PMCID: PMC9454926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing burden of breast cancer has prompted a wide range of researchers to search for new prognostic markers. Considering that tumor mutation burden (TMB) is low and copy number alteration burden (CNAB) is high in breast cancer, we built a CNAB-based model using a public database and validated it with a Chinese population. We collected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from 31 breast cancer patients who were treated between 2010 and 2014 at the National Cancer Center (CICAMS). METABRIC and TCGA data were downloaded via cBioPortal. In total, 2295 patients with early-stage breast cancer were enrolled in the study, including 1427 in the METABRIC cohort, 837 in the TCGA cohort, and 31 in the CICAMS cohort. Based on the ROC curve, we consider 2.2 CNA/MBp as the threshold for the CNAB-high and CNAB-low groupings. In both the TCGA cohort and the CICAMS cohort, CNAB-high had a worse prognosis than CNAB-low. We further simplified this model by establishing a prognostic nomogram for early breast cancer patients by 11 core genes, and this nomogram was highly effective in both the TCGA cohort and the CICAMS cohort. We hope that this model will subsequently help clinicians with prognostic assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Songlin Gao
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Haili Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Bailin Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (B.Z.)
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9
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Bondaruk J, Jaksik R, Wang Z, Cogdell D, Lee S, Chen Y, Dinh KN, Majewski T, Zhang L, Cao S, Tian F, Yao H, Kuś P, Chen H, Weinstein JN, Navai N, Dinney C, Gao J, Theodorescu D, Logothetis C, Guo CC, Wang W, McConkey D, Wei P, Kimmel M, Czerniak B. The origin of bladder cancer from mucosal field effects. iScience 2022; 25:104551. [PMID: 35747385 PMCID: PMC9209726 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-organ mapping was used to study molecular changes in the evolution of bladder cancer from field effects. We identified more than 100 dysregulated pathways, involving immunity, differentiation, and transformation, as initiators of carcinogenesis. Dysregulation of interleukins signified the involvement of inflammation in the incipient phases of the process. An aberrant methylation/expression of multiple HOX genes signified dysregulation of the differentiation program. We identified three types of mutations based on their geographic distribution. The most common were mutations restricted to individual mucosal samples that targeted uroprogenitor cells. Two types of mutations were associated with clonal expansion and involved large areas of mucosa. The α mutations occurred at low frequencies while the β mutations increased in frequency with disease progression. Modeling revealed that bladder carcinogenesis spans 10-15 years and can be divided into dormant and progressive phases. The progressive phase lasted 1-2 years and was driven by β mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Bondaruk
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roman Jaksik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering and Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Ziqiao Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Cogdell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sangkyou Lee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yujie Chen
- Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khanh Ngoc Dinh
- Department of Statistics and the Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tadeusz Majewski
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shaolong Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paweł Kuś
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering and Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Huiqin Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John N. Weinstein
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neema Navai
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Colin Dinney
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, TX, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Logothetis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, TX, USA
| | - Charles C. Guo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David McConkey
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marek Kimmel
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bogdan Czerniak
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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10
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Ding L, Schmitt LT, Brux M, Sürün D, Augsburg M, Lansing F, Mircetic J, Theis M, Buchholz F. DNA methylation-independent long-term epigenetic silencing with dCRISPR/Cas9 fusion proteins. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202101321. [PMID: 35288457 PMCID: PMC8921183 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The programmable CRISPR/Cas9 DNA nuclease is a versatile genome editing tool, but it requires the host cell DNA repair machinery to alter genomic sequences. This fact leads to unpredictable changes of the genome at the cut sites. Genome editing tools that can alter the genome without causing DNA double-strand breaks are therefore in high demand. Here, we show that expression of promoter-associated short guide (sg)RNAs together with dead Cas9 (dCas9) fused to a Krüppel-associated box domains (KRABd) in combination with the transcription repression domain of methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) can lead to persistent gene silencing in mouse embryonic stem cells and in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Surprisingly, this effect is achievable and even enhanced in DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A and 3B (Dnmt3A-/-, Dnmt3b-/-) depleted cells. Our results suggest that dCas9-KRABd-MeCP2 fusions are useful for long-term epigenetic gene silencing with utility in cell biology and potentially in therapeutical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lukas Theo Schmitt
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Melanie Brux
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Duran Sürün
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Augsburg
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Lansing
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jovan Mircetic
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT/UCC), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko Theis
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Buchholz
- Medical Systems Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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11
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Xu Y, Chen C, Guo Y, Hu S, Sun Z. Effect of CRISPR/Cas9-Edited PD-1/PD-L1 on Tumor Immunity and Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:848327. [PMID: 35300341 PMCID: PMC8920996 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated nuclease9 (CRISPR/Cas9) gene editing technology implements precise programming of the human genome through RNA guidance. At present, it has been widely used in the construction of animal tumor models, the study of drug resistance regulation mechanisms, epigenetic control and innovation in cancer treatment. Tumor immunotherapy restores the normal antitumor immune response by restarting and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has occupied a central position in further optimizing anti-programmed cell death 1(PD-1) tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in exploring the regulatory mechanism of tumor immune PD-1 and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its clinical application in different cancer types. In addition, CRISPR genome-wide screening identifies new drug targets and biomarkers to identify potentially sensitive populations for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and maximize antitumor effects. Finally, the strong potential and challenges of CRISPR/Cas9 for future clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengyun Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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