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Faizan S, Talath S, Wali AF, Hani U, Haider N, Mandal SP, Kumar BRP. Anticancer potential of novel symmetrical and asymmetrical dihydropyridines against breast cancer via EGFR inhibition: molecular design, synthesis, analysis and screening. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11368-11387. [PMID: 38595721 PMCID: PMC11002980 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01424c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel symmetrical and asymmetrical dihydropyridines (HD 1-15) were designed, subjected to in silico ADMET prediction, synthesized, analyzed by IR, NMR, Mass analytical techniques and evaluated against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as inhibitors against Breast cancer. The results of predicted ADMET studies demonstrated the drug-likeness properties of the reported compounds. The in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of the synthesized compounds revealed that all of them showed good activity (IC50 ranging from 16.75 to 66.54 μM) towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared to the standard drug, Lapatinib (IC50 = 2.02 μM). Among these, compounds HD-6, HD-7, and HD-8 displayed the most potent activity with IC50 value of 21.26, 16.75, and 18.33 μM, respectively. Cytotoxicity of all compounds was tested on normal vero cells for comparison at different concentrations using the MTT assay. In addition to the MTT assay, the potent dihydropyridines derivatives were screened for EGFRwt kinase inhibition assay at concentrations ranging from 1 nM to 360 nM. Among the three compounds tested, HD-8 showed reasonably good inhibition with an IC50 value of 15.90 ± 1.20 nM compared to a standard Lapatinib IC50 value of 10.28 ± 1.01 nM. Based on the molecular docking study against EGFR, the most active derivatives HD-7 and HD-8 were docked against the active site of the protein and showed better binding affinity than the standard lapatinib. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to explore the stability of the protein-ligand complex, its dynamic behavior, and the binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
| | - Sirajunisa Talath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University Ras Al Khaimah UAE
| | - Adil Farooq Wali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University Ras Al Khaimah UAE
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazima Haider
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Subhankar P Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
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Mandal S, Faizan S, Raghavendra NM, Kumar BRP. Molecular dynamics articulated multilevel virtual screening protocol to discover novel dual PPAR α/γ agonists for anti-diabetic and metabolic applications. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2605-2631. [PMID: 36437421 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PPARα and PPARγ are isoforms of the nuclear receptor superfamily which regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Activation of PPARα and PPARγ receptors by exogenous ligands could transactivate the expression of PPARα and PPARγ-dependent genes, and thereby, metabolic pathways get triggered, which are helpful to ameliorate treatment for the type 2 diabetes mellitus, and related metabolic complications. Herein, by understanding the structural requirements for ligands to activate PPARα and PPARγ proteins, we developed a multilevel in silico-based virtual screening protocol to identify novel chemical scaffolds and further design and synthesize two distinct series of glitazone derivatives with advantages over the classical PPARα and PPARγ agonists. Moreover, the synthesized compounds were biologically evaluated for PPARα and PPARγ transactivation potency from nuclear extracts of 3T3-L1 cell. Furthermore, glucose uptake assay on L6 cells confirmed the potency of the synthesized compounds toward glucose regulation. Percentage lipid-lowering potency was also assessed through triglyceride estimate from 3T3-L1 cell extracts. Results suggested the ligand binding mode was in orthosteric fashion as similar to classical agonists. Thus molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation experiments were executed to validate our hypothesis on mode of ligands binding and protein complex stability. Altogether, the present study developed a newer protocol for virtual screening and enables to design of novel glitazones for activation of PPARα and PPARγ-mediated pathways. Accordingly, present approach will offer benefit as a therapeutic strategy against type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, S. S. Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
- JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, S. S. Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
- JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | | | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, S. S. Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India.
- JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India.
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Arivuselvam R, Dera AA, Parween Ali S, Alraey Y, Saif A, Hani U, Arumugam Ramakrishnan S, Azeeze MSTA, Rajeshkumar R, Susil A, Harindranath H, Kumar BRP. Isolation, Identification, and Antibacterial Properties of Prodigiosin, a Bioactive Product Produced by a New Serratia marcescens JSSCPM1 Strain: Exploring the Biosynthetic Gene Clusters of Serratia Species for Biological Applications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1466. [PMID: 37760761 PMCID: PMC10526024 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prodigiosin pigment has high medicinal value, so exploring this compound is a top priority. This report presents a prodigiosin bioactive compound isolated from Serratia marcescens JSSCPM1, a new strain. The purification process of this compound involves the application of different chromatographic methods, including UV-visible spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Subsequent analysis was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to achieve a deeper understanding of the compound's structure. Finally, through a comprehensive review of the existing literature, the structural composition of the isolated bioactive compound was found to correspond to that of the well-known compound prodigiosin. The isolated prodigiosin compound was screened for antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The compound inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacterial strains compared with Gram-positive bacterial strains. It showed a maximum minimum inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli NCIM 2065 at a 15.9 ± 0.31 μg/mL concentration. The potential binding capabilities between prodigiosin and the OmpF porin proteins (4GCS, 4GCP, and 4GCQ) were determined using in silico studies, which are generally the primary targets of different antibiotics. Comparative molecular docking analysis indicated that prodigiosin exhibits a good binding affinity toward these selected drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaguru Arivuselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643001, TN, India; (R.A.); (S.A.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India
| | - Ayed A. Dera
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.D.); (S.P.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Syed Parween Ali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.D.); (S.P.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yasser Alraey
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.D.); (S.P.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Ahmed Saif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sivaa Arumugam Ramakrishnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643001, TN, India; (R.A.); (S.A.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India
| | | | - Raman Rajeshkumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643001, TN, India; (R.A.); (S.A.R.)
| | - Aishwarya Susil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India (H.H.)
| | - Haritha Harindranath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India (H.H.)
| | - B. R. Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore 570015, KA, India (H.H.)
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Javid S, Ather H, Hani U, Siddiqua A, Asif Ansari SM, Shanmugarajan D, Yogish Kumar H, Arivuselvam R, Purohit MN, Kumar BRP. Discovery of Novel Myristic Acid Derivatives as N-Myristoyltransferase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Analysis, Computational Studies and Antifungal Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1167. [PMID: 37508263 PMCID: PMC10376843 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, N-Myristoyltransferase (NMT) has been identified as a new target for the treatment of fungal infections. It is observed that at present, there are increased rates of morbidity and mortality due to fungal infections. Hence, a series of novel myristic acid derivatives were designed via molecular docking studies and ADMET studies by targeting NMT (N-Myristoyltransferase). The designed myristic acid derivatives were synthesized by converting myristic acid into myristoyl chloride and coupling it with aryl amines to yield corresponding myristic acid derivatives. The compounds were purified and characterized via FTIR, NMR and HRMS spectral analyses. In this study, we carried out a target NMT inhibition assay. In the NMT screening assay results, the compounds 3u, 3m and 3t showed better inhibition compared to the other myristic acid derivatives. In an in vitro antifungal evaluation, the myristic acid derivatives were assessed against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger strains by determining their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC50). The compounds 3u, 3k, 3r and 3t displayed superior antifungal capabilities against Candida albicans, and the compounds 3u, 3m and 3r displayed superior antifungal capabilities against Aspergillus niger compared to the standard drug FLZ (fluconazole). Altogether, we identified a new series of antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Javid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Farooqia College of Pharmacy, Mysore 570 015, Karnataka, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Hissana Ather
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayesha Siddiqua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Honnavalli Yogish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajaguru Arivuselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhusudan N Purohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570 015, Karnataka, India
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Anjum NF, Shanmugarajan D, Prashantha Kumar BR, Faizan S, Durai P, Raju RM, Javid S, Purohit MN. Novel Derivatives of Eugenol as a New Class of PPARγ Agonists in Treating Inflammation: Design, Synthesis, SAR Analysis and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093899. [PMID: 37175309 PMCID: PMC10180488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this research was to develop novel compounds from readily accessed natural products especially eugenol with potential biological activity. Eugenol, the principal chemical constituent of clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) from the family Myrtaceae is renowned for its pharmacological properties, which include analgesic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. According to reports, PPARγ regulates inflammatory reactions. The synthesized compounds were structurally analyzed using FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and mass spectroscopy techniques. Molecular docking was performed to analyze binding free energy and important amino acids involved in the interaction between synthesized derivatives and the target protein. The development of the structure-activity relationship is based on computational studies. Additionally, the stability of the best-docked protein-ligand complexes was assessed using molecular dynamic modeling. The in-vitro PPARγ competitive binding Lanthascreen TR-FRET assay was used to confirm the affinity of compounds to the target protein. All the synthesized derivatives were evaluated for an in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using an albumin denaturation assay and HRBC membrane stabilization at varying concentrations from 6.25 to 400 µM. In this background, with the aid of computational research, we were able to design six novel derivatives of eugenol synthesized, analyzed, and utilized TR-FRET competitive binding assay to screen them for their ability to bind PPARγ. Anti-inflammatory activity evaluation through in vitro albumin denaturation and HRBC method revealed that 1f exhibits maximum inhibition of heat-induced albumin denaturation at 50% and 85% protection against HRBC lysis at 200 and 400 µM, respectively. Overall, we found novel derivatives of eugenol that could potentially reduce inflammation by PPARγ agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Fathima Anjum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Farooqia College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Priya Durai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Ruby Mariam Raju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Saleem Javid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Farooqia College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Madhusudan N Purohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
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Kumar AP, P P, Mandal S, Kumar BRP, Raju RM, Dhanabal S, Rajagopal K, G R, X PN, Justin A. Computational studies, synthesis, in-vitro binding and transcription analysis of novel imidazolidine-2,4-dione and 2-thioxo thiazolidine-4-one based glitazones for central PPAR-γ agonism. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Patil SM, Martiz RM, Ramu R, Shirahatti PS, Prakash A, Kumar BRP, Kumar N. Evaluation of flavonoids from banana pseudostem and flower (quercetin and catechin) as potent inhibitors of α-glucosidase: An in silico perspective. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:12491-12505. [PMID: 34488558 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1971561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The amelioration of postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic conditions could be accomplished by the inhibition of α-glucosidases, a set of intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzymes responsible for starch hydrolysis and its absorption. The ethnopharmacological profile of banana depicts the usage of different plant parts in conventional medicinal formulations. The antidiabetic studies of the plant have demonstrated their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase. Besides, our research group has reported the α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of the banana pseudostem and flower extracts in previous studies. In this study, we deliberate on the specific phytoconstituents of banana pseudostem and flower to evaluate their antidiabetic effects through an in silico perspective for the α-glucosidase inhibition. In this context, several phytoconstituents of banana pseudostem and flower identified through GC-MS analysis were retrieved from chemical databases. These phytochemicals were virtually screened through the molecular docking simulation process, from which only two flavonoids (catechin and quercetin) were selected based on their binding affinity and extent of interaction with the α-glucosidase target protein. The lower binding affinities of catechin and quercetin in comparison with that of acarbose as a control proved their binding efficiency with the target protein. In addition, acarbose showed subservient molecular interaction, forming an unfavourable acceptor-acceptor bond. The molecular dynamics simulations also depicted the effective binding and stability of the complexes formed with catechin and quercetin, in comparison with that of acarbose. Further, PASS analysis, druglikeliness, and pharmacokinetic assessments showed that both catechin and quercetin edge over acarbose in terms of drug-score and pharmacokinetic properties. With the positive results obtained from contemporary strategies, the two flavonoids from banana pseudostem and flower might be established as a considerable phototherapeutic approach to inhibit α-glucosidase. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank M Patil
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Reshma Mary Martiz
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Ashwini Prakash
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous), Ujire, Karnataka, India
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Anjum NF, Shanmugarajan D, Shivaraju VK, Faizan S, Naishima NL, Prashantha Kumar BR, Javid S, Purohit MN. Novel derivatives of eugenol as potent anti-inflammatory agents via PPARγ agonism: rational design, synthesis, analysis, PPARγ protein binding assay and computational studies. RSC Adv 2022; 12:16966-16978. [PMID: 35754905 PMCID: PMC9172550 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenol is a natural product abundantly found in clove buds known for its pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. It is well known from the literature that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARγ) have been reported to regulate inflammatory responses. In this backdrop, we rationally designed semi-synthetic derivatives of eugenol with the aid of computational studies, and synthesized, purified, and analyzed four eugenol derivatives as PPARγ agonists. Compounds were screened for PPARγ protein binding by time-resolved fluorescence (TR-FRET) assay. The biochemical assay results were favorable for 1C which exhibited significant binding affinity with an IC50 value of 10.65 μM as compared to the standard pioglitazone with an IC50 value of 1.052 μM. In addition to the protein binding studies, as a functional assay, the synthesized eugenol derivatives were screened for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity at concentrations ranging from 6.25 μM to 400 μM. Among the four compounds tested 1C shows reasonably good anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 133.8 μM compared to a standard diclofenac sodium IC50 value of 54.32 μM. Structure-activity relationships are derived based on computational studies. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to examine the stability of the protein-ligand complex, the dynamic behavior, and the binding affinity of newly synthesized molecules. Altogether, we identified novel eugenol derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents via PPARγ agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Fathima Anjum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Farooqia College of Pharmacy Mysuru 570 015 India
| | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy Mysuru 570 015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570 015 India
| | | | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy Mysuru 570 015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570 015 India
| | - Namburu Lalitha Naishima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy Mysuru 570 015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570 015 India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy Mysuru 570 015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570 015 India
| | - Saleem Javid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Farooqia College of Pharmacy Mysuru 570 015 India
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570 015 India
| | - Madhusudan N Purohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy Mysuru 570 015 India +91-821-2548359 +91-821-2548353
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Mysuru 570 015 India
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Sivamani Y, Shanmugarajan D, Durai Ananda Kumar T, Faizan S, Channappa B, Naishima NL, Prashantha Kumar BR. A promising in silico protocol to develop novel PPARγ antagonists as potential anticancer agents: Design, synthesis and experimental validation via PPARγ protein activity and competitive binding assay. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 95:107600. [PMID: 34794076 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily is an excellent example of targets that orchestrates cancer, inflammation, lipid and glucose metabolism. We report a protocol for the development of novel PPARγ antagonists by employing 3D QSAR based virtual screening for the identification of ligands with anticancer properties. The models are generated based on a large and diverse set of PPARγ antagonist ligands by the HYPOGEN algorithm using Discovery Studio 2019 drug design software. Among the 10 hypotheses generated, Hypotheses 2 showed the highest correlation coefficient values of 0.95 with less RMS deviation of 1.193. Validation of the developed pharmacophore model was performed by Fischer's randomization and screening against test and decoy set. The GH score or goodness score was found to be 0.81 indicating moderate to a good model. The selected pharmacophore model Hypo 2 was used as a query model for further screening of 11,145 compounds from the PubChem, sc-PDB structure database, and designed novel ligands. Based on fit values and ADMET filter, the final 10 compounds with the predicated activity of ≤ 3 nM were subjected for docking analysis. Docking analysis revealed the unique binding mode with hydrophobic amino acid that can cause destabilization of the H12 which is an important molecular mechanism to prove its antagonist action. Based on high CDocker scores, Cpd31 was synthesized, purified, analyzed and screened for PPARγ competitive binding by TR-FRET assay. The biochemical protein binding results matched the predicted results. Further, Cpd31 was screened against cancer cells and validated the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvaraj Sivamani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - T Durai Ananda Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhavya Channappa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Namburu Lalitha Naishima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India.
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Faizan S, Prashantha Kumar BR, Lalitha Naishima N, Ashok T, Justin A, Vijay Kumar M, Bistuvalli Chandrashekarappa R, Manjunathaiah Raghavendra N, Kabadi P, Adhikary L. Design, parallel synthesis of Biginelli 1,4-dihydropyrimidines using PTSA as a catalyst, evaluation of anticancer activity and structure activity relationships via 3D QSAR studies. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105462. [PMID: 34753059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Biginelli 1,4-dihydropyrimidines are extensively screened for their potential anticancer activity in the last decade. In this context, a series of Biginelli 1,4-dihydropyrimidines were designed and synthesised using PTSA as an efficient catalyst. The synthesised 1,4-dihydropyrimidines were screened for their anticancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells by measuring cytotoxicity. The compounds exhibited activity ranging from weak to significant in terms of percentage cytotoxicity which is proportional to the anticancer activity. Amongst the screened compounds, compounds 4, 6 and 8 exhibited potential anticancer activity. Furthermore, CoMSIA studies were performed to derive the structure activity relationships in a 3D grid space by plotting experimental vs predicted cytotoxic activities. We have an opinion that, this developed model helps us in future to develop more potential 1,4-dihydropyrimidines for their cytotoxicity or anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015. India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015. India
| | - Namburu Lalitha Naishima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015. India
| | - T Ashok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015. India
| | - Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty 643 001, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Merugumolu Vijay Kumar
- NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Pradeep Kabadi
- Bioanalytical Division, Biocon Pvt. Ltd, Bengaluru 560 100, India
| | - Laxmi Adhikary
- Bioanalytical Division, mAbxience Insud Pharma, Madrid 28050, Spain
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11
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Kumar AP, P P, Kumar BRP, Jeyarani V, Dhanabal SP, Justin A. Glitazones, PPAR-γ and Neuroprotection. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1457-1464. [PMID: 33663364 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210304112403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional factor PPAR-γ belongs to the nuclear receptor family, which has become a potential therapeutic target for several neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders. Interestingly, PPAR-γ has been reported to have beneficial effects in various chronic neurological conditions via upregulation of its transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α and followed by regulation of multiple molecular events. Although several factors contribute to the progression of neurodegeneration, the dysfunction of PGC-1α expression is primarily interlinked with the pathogenesis of major neurodegenerative diseases. This review gives an insight that ligand-dependent activation of PPAR-γ by glitazones could initiate the structural conformational changes of the secondary proteins, thus recruiting the PGC-1α to form a stable regulatory complex that hampers the various molecular pathways contributing to neurodegeneration. The promising outcomes of the preliminary in silico studies included in this review support that PPAR-γ dependent activation of central PGC-1α signaling by novel glitazones is an encouraging strategy to enhance the oxy-radicals detoxifying system, antiinflammatory responses, and mitochondrial biogenesis required for neuroprotection in various neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Prabitha P
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru-570015, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru-570015, India
| | - Victoria Jeyarani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S P Dhanabal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001, Tamilnadu, India
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12
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P P, Justin A, Ananda Kumar TD, Chinaswamy M, Kumar BRP. Glitazones Activate PGC-1α Signaling via PPAR-γ: A Promising Strategy for Antiparkinsonism Therapeutics. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2261-2272. [PMID: 34125534 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding various aspects of Parkinson's disease (PD) by researchers could lead to a better understanding of the disease and provide treatment alternatives that could significantly improve the quality of life of patients suffering from neurodegenerative disorders. Significant progress has been made in recent years toward this goal, but there is yet no available treatment with confirmed neuroprotective effects. Recent studies have shown the potential of PPARγ agonists, which are the ligand activated transcriptional factor of the nuclear hormone superfamily, as therapeutic targets for various neurodegenerative disorders. The activation of central PGC-1α mediates the potential role against neurogenerative diseases like PD, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Further understanding the mechanism of neurodegeneration and the role of glitazones in the activation of PGC-1α signaling could lead to a novel therapeutic interventions against PD. Keeping this aspect in focus, the present review highlights the pathogenic mechanism of PD and the role of glitazones in the activation of PGC-1α via PPARγ for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabitha P
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India
| | - Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu 643 001, India
| | - T. Durai Ananda Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India
| | - Mithuna Chinaswamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India
| | - B. R. Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 015, India
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13
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Yuvaraj S, Kumar BRP. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ as a novel and promising target for treating cancer via regulation of inflammation: A brief review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:3-14. [PMID: 33888047 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210422112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are group of nuclear receptors and the ligand-activated intracellular transcription factors that are known to play a key role in physiological processes such as cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, tissue remodeling, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. However, in the past two decades, many reports claim that PPARs also play an imperious role as a tumor suppressor. PPAR- gamma (PPARγ), one of the best-known from the family of PPARs, is known to express in colon, breast, bladder, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Its function in tumour cells includes the modulation of several pathways involved in multiplication and apoptosis. The ligands of PPARγ act by PPARγ dependent as well as independent pathways and are also found to regulate different inflammatory mediators and transcription factors in systemic inflammation and in tumor microenvironment. Both synthetic and natural ligands that are known to activate PPARγ, suppress the tumor cell growth and multiplication through the regulation of inflammatory pathways, as found out from different functional assays and animal studies. Cancer and inflammation are interconnected process that are now being targeted to achieve tumor suppression by decreasing the risks and burden posed by cancer cells. Therefore, PPARγ can serve as a promising target for development of clinical drug molecule attenuating the proliferation of cancer cells. In this perspective, this mini review highlights the PPARγ as a potential target for drug development aiming for anti-inflammatory and thereby suppressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru - 570015, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru - 570015, India
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14
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Prabitha P, Shanmugarajan D, Kumar TDA, Kumar BRP. Multi-conformational frame from molecular dynamics as a structure-based pharmacophore model for mapping, screening and identifying ligands against PPAR-γ: a new protocol to develop promising candidates. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:2663-2673. [PMID: 33140698 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1841677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite intensive research on clinical and molecular factors, the development of antidiabetic drugs in the last few decades is decelerating and as a result, the number of drugs approved by the US FDA is reduced. Hence, there is a persistent need for the innovative development of novel anti-diabetic drugs. Recent studies have provided ample proof that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a ligand-activated transcription factor and its co-activator PGC-1 alpha may serve as good candidates for the treatment of several metabolic disorders. Therefore, in this study, 50 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the ligand-receptor complex were carried out and the most populated cluster of rosiglitazone bound to crucial amino acids during dynamics studies were selected to generate multi-conformation frame and further dynamic pharmacophore models. Finally, three pharmacophore models were generated, and 10 hits were retrieved as final lead candidates by virtual screening of ZINC database and molecular docking. The study reveals that the amino acids Met364, Lys367, His449, Leu453, Leu469, and Tyr473 play a crucial role in the binding of the compounds at the active site of PPARγ and the selected compounds from the ZINC database showed promising binding as compared to rosiglitazone. Further, ADMET studies were carried out to define the pharmacokinetic properties of promising PPARγ ligand candidates.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India.,JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India.,JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - T Durai Ananda Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India.,JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India.,JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
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15
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Francis T, Dixit SR, Kumar BRP. Discovery of Rhodanine and Thiazolidinediones as Novel Scaffolds for EGFR Inhibition: Design, Synthesis, Analysis and CoMSIA Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1836004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tisa Francis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Sheshagiri R. Dixit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - B. R. Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
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16
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Justin A, Ashwini P, Jose JA, Jeyarani V, Dhanabal SP, Manisha C, Mandal SP, Bhavimani G, Prabitha P, Yuvaraj S, Prashantha Kumar BR. Two Rationally Identified Novel Glitazones Reversed the Behavioral Dysfunctions and Exhibited Neuroprotection Through Ameliorating Brain Cytokines and Oxy-Radicals in ICV-LPS Neuroinflammatory Rat Model. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:530148. [PMID: 33100954 PMCID: PMC7546828 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.530148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study has planned to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of two novel glitazones in a neuroinflammatory rat model. Two novel glitazones were selected from an in-house virtual library of glitazones based on their docking scores against peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) protein and other parameters studied in in silico computational studies. Initially, an acute oral toxicity study was carried out for glitazones in rats to assess the toxicity profile and to determine the therapeutic range for neuroprotective evaluation. Prior to induction of neuroinflammation, the treatments with glitazones (G1 and G2) and standard pioglitazone were made for four consecutive days to respective groups. On the fifth day, the neuroinflammation was induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (2 μg/μl) using stereotaxic apparatus. After 7 days, the rats were subjected to behavioral assessment followed by neurobiochemical evaluation and histopathological studies. The pre-treatment with glitazones at two dose levels (15 and 30 mg/kg) has significantly reversed behavioral dysfunctions. Glitazones have shown significant reduction in the levels of LPO, NO, TNF-α, and IL-1β and also increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and GSH in the brain of LPS-administered rats. The neuroprotection exhibited by two novel glitazones is comparable with standard pioglitazone. The PPAR-γ-dependent amelioration of cytokines and oxy-radicals released by novel glitazones during neuroinflammatory conditions may be attributed to the reversal of behavioral dysfunctions through preventing the degeneration of neurons in major regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Premkumar Ashwini
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Jincy A Jose
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Victoria Jeyarani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - S P Dhanabal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Chennu Manisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Subhankar P Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - Guru Bhavimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - P Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
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17
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Mandal SP, Reji A, Bhavimani G, Prabitha P, Durai P, Yuvaraj S, Shashank A, Krishna KL, Kumar BRP. Rational Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Rodanine Derivatives for Antihyperglycemic Activity. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1808795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar P. Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anu Reji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Guru Bhavimani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - P. Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya Durai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - A. Shashank
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - K. L. Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - B. R. Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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18
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Kumar AP, Jose JA, Prabitha P, Yuvaraj S, Chipurupalli S, Jeyarani V, Manisha C, Banerjee S, Jeyabalan JB, Mohankumar SK, Dhanabal SP, Justin A. Minutes of PPAR-γ agonism and neuroprotection. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104814. [PMID: 32758586 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is one of the ligand-activated transcription factors which regulates a number of central events and considered as a promising target for various neurodegenerative disease conditions. Numerous reports implicate that PPAR-γ agonists have shown neuroprotective effects by regulating genes transcription associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. In regards, this review critically appraises the recent knowledge of PPAR-γ receptors in neuroprotection in order to hypothesize potential neuroprotective mechanism of PPAR-γ agonism in chronic neurological conditions. Of note, the PPAR-γ's interaction dynamics with PPAR-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) has gained significant attention for neuroprotection. Likewise, a plethora of studies suggest that the PPAR-γ pathway can be actuated by the endogenous ligands present in the CNS and thus identification and development of novel agonist for the PPAR-γ receptor holds a vow to prevent neurodegeneration. Together, the critical insights of this review enlighten the translational possibilities of developing novel neuroprotective therapeutics targeting PPAR-γ for various neurodegenerative disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jincy A Jose
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandhya Chipurupalli
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Victoria Jeyarani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Chennu Manisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sayani Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeyaram Bharathi Jeyabalan
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Mohankumar
- TIFAC CORE in HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S P Dhanabal
- TIFAC CORE in HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India.
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19
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Ramya K, Suresh R, Kumar HY, Kumar BRP, Murthy NBS. Decades-old renin inhibitors are still struggling to find a niche in antihypertensive therapy. A fleeting look at the old and the promising new molecules. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115466. [PMID: 32247750 PMCID: PMC7112834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a diverse illness interlinked with cerebral, cardiovascular (CVS) and renal abnormalities. Presently, the malady is being treated by focusing on Renin- angiotensin system (RAS), voltage-gated calcium channels, peripheral vasodilators, renal and sympathetic nervous systems. Cardiovascular and renal abnormalities are associated with the overactivation of RAS, which can be constrained by angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin II (Ang-II) -AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs) and renin inhibitors. The latter is a new player in the old system. The renin catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I (Ang-I). This can be overcome by inhibiting renin, a preliminary step, eventually hinders the occurrence of the cascade of events in the RAS. Various peptidomimetics, the first-generation renin inhibitors developed six decades ago have limited drug-like properties as they suffered from poor intestinal absorption, high liver first-pass metabolism and low oral bioavailability. The development of chemically diverse molecules from peptides to nonpeptides expanded the horizon to achieving direct renin inhibition. Aliskiren, a blockbuster drug that emerged as a clinical candidate and got approved by the US FDA in 2007 was developed by molecular modeling studies. Aliskiren indicated superior to average efficacy and with minor adverse effects relative to other RAS inhibitors. However, its therapeutic use is limited by poor oral bioavailability of less than 2% that is similar to first-generation peptidic compounds. In this review, we present the development of direct renin inhibitors (DRIs) from peptidic to nonpeptidics that lead to the birth of aliskiren, its place in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnappa Ramya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oxbridge College of Pharmacy, Mahadeshwara Nagara, Bengaluru 560091, Karnataka, India; Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, Chidambaram 608002, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Ramalingam Suresh
- Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, Chidambaram 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Honnavalli Yogish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), SS Nagara, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), SS Nagara, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - N B Sridhara Murthy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oxbridge College of Pharmacy, Mahadeshwara Nagara, Bengaluru 560091, Karnataka, India
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20
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Shanmugarajan D, P. P, Kumar BRP, Suresh B. Curcumin to inhibit binding of spike glycoprotein to ACE2 receptors: computational modelling, simulations, and ADMET studies to explore curcuminoids against novel SARS-CoV-2 targets. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31385-31399. [PMID: 35520671 PMCID: PMC9056388 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03167d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant role of curcumin against SARS-CoV-2 drug targets to thwart virus replication and binding into the host system using the computational biology paradigm approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - Prabitha P.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - B. R. Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - B. Suresh
- JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
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21
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Justin A, Mandal S, Prabitha P, Dhivya S, Yuvaraj S, Kabadi P, Sekhar SJ, Sandhya CH, Wadhwani AD, Divakar S, Bharathi JJ, Durai P, Prashantha Kumar BR. Rational Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Neuroprotective Evaluation of Novel Glitazones for PGC-1α Activation via PPAR-γ: a New Therapeutic Strategy for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:508-524. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Santhosh Kumar S, Sajeli Begum A, Hira K, Niazi S, Prashantha Kumar BR, Araya H, Fujimoto Y. Structure-based design and synthesis of new 4-methylcoumarin-based lignans as pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:102991. [PMID: 31153100 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) along with nitric oxide reduction in RAW 264.7 cells by 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, ethyl p-coumarate, ethyl caffeate and ethyl ferulate drove us to search structural-analogues of the aforementioned compounds through structure-based drug design. Docking studies revealed that substituted cinnamic acids and their ethyl esters (2-7c) showed higher GoldScore-fitness (GSF) and non-bonding interactions with target proteins than 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (1a) and 7,8-dihydroxy-5-methylcoumarin (1b). With this background, the methylcoumarins (1a and 1b) and the cinnamic acid derivatives (2-7c) were fused in different permutations and combinations to generate sixty novel fused-cyclic coumarinolignans (FCLs) (8-13k). Docking studies on 8-13k indicated that several FCLs possess higher GSF, interesting active site interactions and distinctive π-π interactions compared to the standards (cleomiscosin A, diclofenac Na and prednisolone). Based on these findings, four novel FCLs (9d, 10d, 11d and 11e) were synthesized and tested for inhibition effect on TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 expressions in LPS and oxalate crystal-induced in-vitro models. Compound 10d exhibited significant effect (P < 0.0001 at 100 μM) with an IC50 value of 8.5 μM against TNF-α. Compound 11e possessed IC50 values of 13.29 μM and 17.94 μM against IL-6 and IL-1β, respectively. Study on SAR corroborated the requirement of C-4-methyl substituent in the coumarin moiety, dihydroxyl groups in the phenyl ring, and esterification of lignans for potent activity. Additionally, the reported excellent anti-inflammatory activity of cleomiscosin-A-glucoside was corroborated by from the higher GSF and better hydrophobic interactions than cleomsicosin A in the docking study. As an outcome, some novel and potentially active FCLs acting through NFκB and caspase 1 signaling pathways have been discovered as multiple cytokine inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Santhosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Ahil Sajeli Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India.
| | - Kirti Hira
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Sarfaraj Niazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy-Mysuru, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy-Mysuru, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Hiroshi Araya
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujimoto
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
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Mandal SP, Garg A, Prabitha P, Wadhwani AD, Adhikary L, Kumar BRP. Novel glitazones as PPARγ agonists: molecular design, synthesis, glucose uptake activity and 3D QSAR studies. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:141. [PMID: 30569323 PMCID: PMC6768137 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An alarming requirement for finding newer antidiabetic glitazones as agonists to PPARγ are on its utmost need from past few years as the side effects associated with the available drug therapy is dreadful. In this context, herein, we have made an attempt to develop some novel glitazones as PPARγ agonists, by rational and computer aided drug design approach by implementing the principles of bioisosterism. The designed glitazones are scored for similarity with the developed 3D pharmacophore model and subjected for docking studies against PPARγ proteins. Synthesized by adopting appropriate synthetic methodology and evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity and glucose uptake assay. Illustrations about the molecular design of glitazones, synthesis, analysis, glucose uptake activity and SAR via 3D QSAR studies are reported. RESULTS The computationally designed and synthesized ligands such as 2-(4-((substituted phenylimino)methyl)phenoxy)acetic acid derivatives were analysed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS-spectral techniques. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity and glucose uptake assay on 3T3-L1 and L6 cells. Further the activity data was used to develop 3D QSAR model to establish structure activity relationships for glucose uptake activity via CoMSIA studies. CONCLUSION The results of pharmacophore, molecular docking study and in vitro evaluation of synthesized compounds were found to be in good correlation. Specifically, CPD03, 07, 08, 18, 19, 21 and 24 are the candidate glitazones exhibited significant glucose uptake activity. 3D-QSAR model revealed the scope for possible further modifications as part of optimisation to find potent anti-diabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar P Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570 015, India
| | - Aakriti Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570 015, India
| | - P Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570 015, India
| | - Ashish D Wadhwani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund, 643 001, India
| | - Laxmi Adhikary
- Bioanalytical Division, Biocon Ltd, Bengaluru, 560 100, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570 015, India.
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Nanjan MJ, Mohammed M, Prashantha Kumar BR, Chandrasekar MJN. Thiazolidinediones as antidiabetic agents: A critical review. Bioorg Chem 2018; 77:548-567. [PMID: 29475164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) or Glitazones are an important class of insulin sensitizers used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). TZDs were reported for their antidiabetic effect through antihyperglycemic, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents. In time, these drugs were known to act by increasing the transactivation activity of Peroxisome Proliferators Activated Receptors (PPARs). The clinically used TZDs that suffered from several serious side effects and hence withdrawn/updated later, were full agonists of PPAR-γ and potent insulin sensitizers. These drugs were developed at a time when limited data were available on the structure and mechanism of PPARs. In recent years, however, PPAR-α/γ, PPAR-α/δ and PPAR-δ/γ dual agonists, PPAR pan agonists, selective PPAR-γ modulators and partial agonists have been investigated. In addition to these, several non PPAR protein alternatives of TZDs such as FFAR1 agonism, GPR40 agonism and ALR2, PTP1B and α-glucosidase inhibition have been investigated to address the problems associated with the TZDs. Using these rationalized approaches, several investigations have been carried out in recent years to develop newer TZDs devoid of side effects. This report critically reviews TZDs, their history, chemistry, mechanism mediated through PPAR, recent advances and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Nanjan
- TIFAC CORE, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund 643001, Tamil Nadu, India; JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Manal Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund 643001, Tamil Nadu, India; JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - M J N Chandrasekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund 643001, Tamil Nadu, India; JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India.
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Mandal SP, Mithuna M, Garg A, Sahetya SS, Nagendra SR, Sripad HS, Manjunath MM, Sitaram S, Soni M, Baig RN, Kumar SV, Kumar BRP. Novel rhodanines with anticancer activity: design, synthesis and CoMSIA study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08785j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A library of novel rhodanines are reported for their anticancer activity along with the 3D QSAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar P. Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - Mithuna Mithuna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - Aakriti Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - Sanjana S. Sahetya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - S. R. Nagendra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - H. S. Sripad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | | | - Sitaram Sitaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - Mukesh Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- JSS College of Pharmacy
- Mysuru 570 015
- India
| | - R. Nasir Baig
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bengaluru 560 012
- India
| | - S. Vasanth Kumar
- Department of Mathematics
- National Institute of Engineering
- Mysuru 570 008
- India
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Basu P, Adhikary L, Nanjan MJ. Efficient Conversion of N-Terminal of L-Tyrosine, DL-Phenyl Alanine, and Glycine to Substituted 2-Thioxo-thiazolidine-4-ones: A Stereospecific Synthesis. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2011.576322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Prabudha Basu
- a TIFAC CORE, JSS College of Pharmacy , Ootacamund , India
| | - L. Adhikary
- a TIFAC CORE, JSS College of Pharmacy , Ootacamund , India
- b Bioanalytical Division , Biocon India Limited , Bangalore , India
| | - M. J. Nanjan
- a TIFAC CORE, JSS College of Pharmacy , Ootacamund , India
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Kar K, Sethi A, Archana D, Vasavi S, Maheswari P, Niranjini P, Vimalacharitha L, Prathyusha W, Sai Thanuja V, Sreejana Reddy K, Rohith G, Kumar A, G. Damodar A, R. Prashantha Kumar B. Quantitative Measurement of Some Physico-Chemical Parameters for the Medicinally Useful Natural Products. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/157018012801319427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Nanjan MJ. QSAR Study on Thiazolidine-2,4-dione Derivatives for Antihyperglycemic Activity. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:565-71. [PMID: 21394250 PMCID: PMC3038278 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.45392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Revised: 05/10/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of seventy four molecules belonging to the class of thioglitazones were subjected to the QSAR analysis for their antihyperglycemic activity. All the molecules were subjected to energy minimization to get 3D structures, followed by conformational analysis to get the conformation of the molecule associated with the least energy and highest stability. Various physico-chemical parameters were then calculated using ALCHEMY 2000 software, namely, thermodynamic parameters, structure-dependant parameters, topological parameters and charge-dependant parameters. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out on all the molecules. The final equation was developed by choosing optimal combination of descriptors after removing the outliers. Cross validation was performed by leave one out method to arrive at the final QSAR model for the chosen set of molecules to exhibit antihyperglycemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Ootacamund-643 001, India
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Sopna S, Verghese J, Desai B, Nanjan MJ. Rigid and flexible docking studies on PPAR-γ agonists: key interactions for a better antihyperglycemic activity and in silico pharmacodynamic activity versus experimental in vivo activity. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kumar BRP, Soni M, Bhikhalal UB, Kakkot IR, Jagadeesh M, Bommu P, Nanjan MJ. Analysis of physicochemical properties for drugs from nature. Med Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Nanjan MJ. Comparative molecular similarity indices analysis for predicting the antihyperglycemic activity of thioglitazones. Med Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Masih P, Karthikeyan E, Bansal A, Suja, Vijayan P. Synthesis of novel Hantzsch dihydropyridines and Biginelli dihydropyrimidines of biological interest: a 3D-QSAR study on their cytotoxicity. Med Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kumar BRP, Masih P, Lukose CR, Abraham N, Priya D, Xavier RM, Saji K, Adhikary L. Facile, microwave-assisted parallel syntheses ofN-substituted 1,4-dihydropyridines of biological interest. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kumar BRP, Sharma GK, Srinath S, Noor M, Suresh B, Srinivasa BR. Microwave-assisted, solvent-free, parallel syntheses and elucidation of reaction mechanism for the formation of some novel tetraaryl imidazoles of biological interest. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kumar BRP, Nanjan MJ, Suresh B, Karvekar MD, Adhikary L. Microwave induced synthesis of the thiazolidine-2,4-dione motif and the efficient solvent free-solid phase parallel syntheses of 5-benzylidene-thiazolidine-2,4-dione and 5-benzylidene-2-thioxo-thiazolidine-4-one compounds. J Heterocycl Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570430413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
A series of copper(II) and cobalt(II) coordination compounds with 2-substituted benzimidazole derived monodentate and bidentate ligands have been prepared and characterized by microanalysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Synthesized metal complexes have been screened for their in vitro antioxidant and antitumor activity. The complex 4a showed significant nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity (IC50 65μg/ml), while 3i and 3g showed potent superoxide dismutase activity with IC50 of 0.26 and 0.28 μM respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity study with human breast MCF-7 and CNS SF 268 cancer cell lines showed that the most active 2-benzyl-1H-benzimidazole Cu(II) complex 3a inhibited the growth of cancer cells at 20 μM concentration. Keywords: Cu(II) complexes; Co(II) complexes; Benzimidazoles; Antitumor activity. DOI: 10.3329/dujps.v8i2.6027 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 8(2): 131-140, 2009 (December)
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