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Wang Z, Li R, Yang G, Wang Y. Cancer stem cell biomarkers and related signalling pathways. J Drug Target 2024; 32:33-44. [PMID: 38095181 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2295222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a distinct subset of neoplastic cells characterised by their heightened capacity for tumorigenesis. These cells are implicated in the facilitation of cancer metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to conventional therapeutic interventions. Extensive scientific research has been devoted to the identification of biomarkers and the elucidation of molecular mechanisms in order to improve targeted therapeutic approaches. Accurate identification of cancer stem cells based on biomarkers can provide a theoretical basis for drug combinations of malignant tumours. Targeted biomarker-based therapies also offer a silver lining for patients with advanced malignancies. This review aims comprehensively to consolidate the latest findings on CSCs biomarkers, targeted agents as well as biomarkers associated signalling pathways in well-established cancer types, thereby contributing to improved prognostic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guilin Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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2
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Zhao Q, Li B, Zhang X, Zhao H, Xue W, Yuan Z, Xu S, Duan G. M2 macrophage-derived lncRNA NORAD in EVs promotes NSCLC progression via miR-520g-3p/SMIM22/GALE axis. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:185. [PMID: 39215037 PMCID: PMC11364787 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes the majority of lung cancer cases, accounting for over 80%. RNAs in EVs play a pivotal role in various biological and pathological processes mediated by extracellular vesicle (EV). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely associated with cancer-related functions, including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance. Tumor-associated macrophages are recognized as pivotal contributors to tumorigenesis. Given these insights, this study aims to uncover the impact of lncRNA NORAD in EVs derived from M2 macrophages in NSCLC cell lines and xenograft mouse models of NSCLC. EVs were meticulously isolated and verified based on their morphology and specific biomarkers. The interaction between lncRNA NORAD and SMIM22 was investigated using immunoprecipitation. The influence of SMIM22/GALE or lncRNA NORAD in EVs on glycolysis was assessed in NSCLC cell lines. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of M2 macrophage-derived lncRNA NORAD in EVs on cell proliferation and apoptosis through colony formation and flow cytometry assays. Furthermore, the impact of M2 macrophage-derived lncRNA NORAD in EVs on tumor growth was confirmed using xenograft tumor animal models. The results underscored the potential role of M2 macrophage-derived lncRNA NORAD in EVs in NSCLC. SMIM22/GALE promoted glycolysis and the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, lncRNA NORAD in EVs targeted SMIM22 and miR-520g-3p in NSCLC cells. Notably, lncRNA NORAD in EVs promoted the proliferation of NSCLC cells and facilitated NSCLC tumor growth through the miR-520g-3p axis. In conclusion, M2 macrophage-derived lncRNA NORAD in EVs promotes NSCLC progression through the miR-520g-3p/SMIM22/GALE axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bin Li
- Hebei Bio-High Technology Development Co.Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Huanfen Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wenfei Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Department of Nursing, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guochen Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
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Boeno FP, Roesch LFW, Efron PA, Laitano O. Proteomic Profiling of Hindlimb Skeletal Muscle Disuse in a Murine Model of Sepsis. Crit Care Explor 2024; 6:e1144. [PMID: 39162648 PMCID: PMC11338252 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Sepsis leads to multiple organ dysfunction and negatively impacts patient outcomes. Skeletal muscle disuse is a significant comorbidity in septic patients during their ICU stay due to prolonged immobilization. HYPOTHESIS Combination of sepsis and muscle disuse will promote a unique proteomic signature in skeletal muscle in comparison to disuse and sepsis separately. METHODS AND MODELS Following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or Sham surgeries, mice were subjected to hindlimb suspension (HLS) or maintained normal ambulation (NA). Tibialis anterior muscles from 24 C57BL6/J male mice were harvested for proteomic analysis. Proteomic profiles were assessed using nano-liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, followed by data analysis including Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), to compare the differential protein expression across groups. RESULTS A total of 2876 differentially expressed proteins were identified, with marked differences between groups. In mice subjected to CLP and HLS combined, there was a distinctive proteomic signature characterized by a significant decrease in the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial function and muscle metabolism, alongside a marked increase in proteins related to muscle degradation pathways. The PLS-DA demonstrated a clear separation among experimental groups, highlighting the unique profile of the CLP/HLS group. This suggests an important interaction between sepsis-induced inflammation and disuse atrophy mechanisms in sepsis-induced myopathy. INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a complex proteomic landscape in skeletal muscle exposed to sepsis and disuse, consistent with an exacerbation of muscle protein degradation under these combined stressors. The identified proteins and their roles in cellular stress responses and muscle pathology provide potential targets for intervention to mitigate muscle dysfunction in septic conditions, highlighting the importance of addressing both sepsis and disuse concurrently in clinical and experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franccesco P. Boeno
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Luiz Fernando W. Roesch
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Philip A. Efron
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Orlando Laitano
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Gao Y, Dong R, Yan J, Chen H, Sang L, Yao X, Fan D, Wang X, Zuo X, Zhang X, Yang S, Wu Z, Sun J. Mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase is required for female fertility in mice. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:427-439. [PMID: 38327186 PMCID: PMC10984852 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis plays a pivotal role in oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) is a nucleoside kinase that salvages purine nucleosides in mitochondria and is critical for mitochondrial DNA replication and homeostasis in non-proliferating cells. Dguok loss-of-function mutations and deletions lead to hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome. However, its potential role in reproduction remains largely unknown. In this study, we find that Dguok knockout results in female infertility. Mechanistically, DGUOK deficiency hinders ovarian development and oocyte maturation. Moreover, DGUOK deficiency in oocytes causes a significant reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and impairs germinal vesicle breakdown. Only few DGUOK-deficient oocytes can extrude their first polar body during in vitro maturation, and these oocytes exhibit irregular chromosome arrangements and different spindle lengths. In addition, DGUOK deficiency elevates reactive oxygen species levels and accelerates oocyte apoptosis. Our findings reveal novel physiological roles for the mitochondrial nucleoside salvage pathway in oocyte maturation and implicate DGUOK as a potential marker for the diagnosis of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yake Gao
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Rui Dong
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Jiacong Yan
- Department of Reproductive Medicinethe First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceNHC Key Laboratory of Preconception Health Birth in Western ChinaKunming650100China
| | - Huicheng Chen
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Lei Sang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xinyi Yao
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Die Fan
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zuo
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyThe Penn State University College of MedicineHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicinethe First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceNHC Key Laboratory of Preconception Health Birth in Western ChinaKunming650100China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
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Ji X, Zhu R, Gao C, Xie H, Gong X, Luo J. Hypoxia-Derived Exosomes Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma by Regulating HS3ST1-GPC4-Mediated Glycolysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:695. [PMID: 38398086 PMCID: PMC10886556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is often delayed due to the typically asymptomatic nature of the early-stage disease, causing advanced-stage LUAD diagnosis in most patients. Hypoxia is widely recognized as a driving force in cancer progression. Exosomes originating from hypoxic tumor cells promote tumorigenesis by influencing glycolysis, migration, invasion, and immune infiltration. Given these insights, our study aimed to explore the role of hypoxia-derived exosomal long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) OIP5-AS1 in LUAD cell lines and mouse models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Exosomes were meticulously isolated and authenticated based on their morphology and biomarkers. The interaction between heparan sulfate (glucosamine) 3-O-sulfotransferase 1 (HS3ST1) and Glypican 4 (GPC4) was examined using immunoprecipitation. The influence of the hypoxia-derived exosomal lncRNA OIP5-AS1 on glycolysis was assessed in LUAD cell lines. The effect of the hypoxia-derived exosomal lncRNA OIP5-AS1 on cell proliferation and metastasis was evaluated using colony formation, cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis analyses. Its effects on tumor size were confirmed in xenograft animal models. RESULTS Our study revealed the mechanism of the hypoxia-derived exosomal lncRNA OIP5-AS1 in LUAD progression. We discovered that GPC4 promotes HS3ST1-mediated glycolysis and that the hypoxia-derived exosomal lncRNA OIP5-AS1 enhances glycolysis by regulating miR-200c-3p in LUAD cells. Notably, this lncRNA stimulates LUAD cell proliferation and metastasis and fosters LUAD tumor size via miR-200c-3p. Our findings underscore the potential role of the hypoxia-derived exosomal lncRNA OIP5-AS1 in LUAD progression. CONCLUSIONS The hypoxia-derived exosomal lncRNA OIP5-AS1 promotes LUAD by regulating HS3ST1-GPC4-mediated glycolysis via miR-200c-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiu Ji
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ren Zhu
- Department of Medical Administration, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huikang Xie
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaomei Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Ge Q, Zhou C, Zang C, Li C, Hong H, Wang K, Chen L, Zhu H, Wang A. MPZL1 suppresses the cancer stem-like properties of lung cancer through β-catenin/TCF4 signaling. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:304. [PMID: 37726580 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the influence of myelin protein zero-like protein 1 (MPZL1) on the stem-like properties of cancer cells and the underlying mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was utilized to evaluate mRNA expression level. CCK8, wound healing, and transwell assays were applied to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Tumorsphere-formation assay was utilized to assess cancer stem cell-like properties. LF3 was used to block the β-catenin/Transcription factor 4 (TCF-4) signaling. Xenograft nude mouse model was conducted; tumor weight and volume were recorded. Western blot assay was utilized to detect the expression levels of CD44, CD133, β-catenin, TCF-4, and MPZL1. Following MPZL1 knockdown, the mRNA expression levels of MPZL1, β-catenin, and TCF-4 were inhibited, while the mRNA expression levels of the above genes were increased after the MPZL1 overexpression. MPZL1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, reduced the tumorsphere-formation capacity, and restrained the expression levels of CD44 and CD133. However, MPZL1 overexpression promoted the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, enhanced the tumorsphere-formation capacity, and increased the expression levels of CD44 and CD133. Interestingly, LF3 treatment partially revised the effect of MPZL1 overexpression. These findings were further corroborated by in vivo experiments. We concluded that MPZL1 could suppress the lung adenocarcinoma cells' proliferation, migration, invasion, and lung cancer stem cells characteristics. The underlying mechanism is involved in the activation of β-catenin/TCF-4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Haining Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Kangwu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Haonan Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fu Yang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, China.
| | - Ansheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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7
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Bai Y, He J, Ma Y, Liang H, Li M, Wu Y. Identification of DNA repair gene signature and potential molecular subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1180722. [PMID: 37260986 PMCID: PMC10227583 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1180722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA repair is a critical factor in tumor progression as it impacts tumor mutational burden, genome stability, PD-L1 expression, immunotherapy response, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). In this study, we present a prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that utilizes genes related to the DNA damage response (DDR). Patients were stratified based on their risk score, and groups with lower risk scores demonstrated better survival rates compared to those with higher risk scores. The prognostic model's accuracy in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates for HCC patients was analyzed using receiver operator curve analysis (ROC). Results showed good accuracy in predicting survival rates. Additionally, we evaluated the prognostic model's potential as an independent factor for HCC prognosis, along with tumor stage. Furthermore, nomogram was employed to determine the overall survival year of patients with HCC based on this independent factor. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that in the high-risk group, apoptosis, cell cycle, MAPK, mTOR, and WNT cascades were highly enriched. We used training and validation datasets to identify potential molecular subtypes of HCC based on the expression of DDR genes. The two subtypes differed in terms of checkpoint receptors for immunity and immune cell filtration capacity.Collectively, our study identified potential biomarkers of HCC prognosis, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Bai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Panjin Liaoyou Baoshihua Hospital, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinyun He
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Panjin Liaoyou Baoshihua Hospital, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanquan Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Panjin Liaoyou Baoshihua Hospital, Liaoning, China
| | - He Liang
- Department of integrated Chinese and Western medicine, Panjin Liaoyou Baoshihua Hospital, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming Li
- Fuxin Municipal Discipline Inspection Commission, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of rheumatology and immunology, Panjin Liaoyou Baoshihua Hospital, Liaoning, China
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Jiang J, Chen HN, Jin P, Zhou L, Peng L, Huang Z, Qin S, Li B, Ming H, Luo M, Xie N, Gao W, Nice EC, Yu Q, Huang C. Targeting PSAT1 to mitigate metastasis in tumors with p53-72Pro variant. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:65. [PMID: 36788227 PMCID: PMC9929071 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01266-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of p53, in particular the codon 72 variants, has recently been implicated as a critical regulator in tumor progression. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here we found that cancer cells carrying codon 72-Pro variant of p53 showed impaired metastatic potential upon serine supplementation. Proteome-wide mapping of p53-interacting proteins uncovered a specific interaction of the codon 72 proline variant (but not p5372R) with phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1). Interestingly, p5372P-PSAT1 interaction resulted in dissociation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) that otherwise bound to p5372P, leading to subsequent nuclear translocation of PGC-1α and activation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Depletion of PSAT1 restored p5372P-PGC-1α interaction and impeded the OXPHOS and TCA function, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and metastasis suppression. Notably, pharmacological targeting the PSAT1-p5372P interaction by aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) crippled the growth of liver cancer cells carrying the p5372P variant in both in vitro and patient-derived xenograft models. Moreover, AOA plus regorafenib, an FDA-proved drug for hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer, achieved a better anti-tumor effect on tumors carrying the p5372P variant. Therefore, our findings identified a gain of function of the p5372P variant on mitochondrial function and provided a promising precision strategy to treat tumors vulnerable to p5372P-PSAT1 perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.,West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ning Chen
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Ping Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.,West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hui Ming
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Maochao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.,West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Qiang Yu
- Cancer Precision Medicine, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Biopolis, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China. .,West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
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9
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The Effect of Oxidative Phosphorylation on Cancer Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010062. [PMID: 36612059 PMCID: PMC9817696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is a target for the effective attenuation of cancer drug resistance. OXPHOS inhibitors can improve treatment responses to anticancer therapy in certain cancers, such as melanomas, lymphomas, colon cancers, leukemias and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the effect of OXPHOS on cancer drug resistance is complex and associated with cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer cells universally promote OXPHOS activity through the activation of various signaling pathways, and this activity is required for resistance to cancer therapy. Resistant cancer cells are prevalent among cancer stem cells (CSCs), for which the main metabolic phenotype is increased OXPHOS. CSCs depend on OXPHOS to survive targeting by anticancer drugs and can be selectively eradicated by OXPHOS inhibitors. In contrast to that in cancer cells, mitochondrial OXPHOS is significantly downregulated in tumor-infiltrating T cells, impairing antitumor immunity. In this review, we summarize novel research showing the effect of OXPHOS on cancer drug resistance, thereby explaining how this metabolic process plays a dual role in cancer progression. We highlight the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, as it is vital for discovering new drug targets.
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10
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Cheung MK, Yue GGL, Lauw S, Li CSY, Yung MY, Ng SC, Yip HC, Kwan HS, Chiu PWY, Lau CBS. Alterations in gut microbiota of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1919-1927. [PMID: 35816164 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common histological subtype of esophageal cancer worldwide. Patients with ESCC display an altered esophageal microbiota compared with healthy individuals; however, little is known about the gut microbiota in ESCC. METHODS Here, we characterized the fecal microbiota of 15 ESCC patients and 16 healthy control subjects using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS After controlling for potential confounders, significant alterations in both taxonomic and functional composition of the gut microbiota in ESCC patients were observed. By contrast, alpha diversity of the gut microbiota did not significantly differ between the cases and controls. We observed an enrichment of potentially pro-inflammatory and/or carcinogenic bacteria, such as Butyricimonas, Veillonella, and Streptococcus, and a depletion of butyrate-producing and/or potentially anti-inflammatory bacteria, such as Butyricicoccus, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, and Eubacterium eligens group, in the gut microbiota of ESCC patients. The log-ratios of Streptococcus to Butyricicoccus and Streptococcus to Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group of the gut microbiota were identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers for ESCC, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.863 (95% confidence interval: 0.707-1.000) and 0.825 (0.673-0.977), respectively. The diagnostic performance of both microbial biomarkers was validated in another ESCC cohort. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study has revealed an altered gut microbiota in ESCC patients and has paved the way for large-scale prospective cohort studies to examine the causative relationship between ESCC and gut dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Kit Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Gar Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Susana Lauw
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Cindy Shin Yee Li
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Man Yee Yung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Siew Chien Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hon Chi Yip
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hoi Shan Kwan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Philip Wai Yan Chiu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Clara Bik San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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11
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Long non-coding RNA DARS-AS1 promotes tumor progression by directly suppressing PACT-mediated cellular stress. Commun Biol 2022; 5:822. [PMID: 35970927 PMCID: PMC9378715 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells evolve various mechanisms to overcome cellular stresses and maintain progression. Protein kinase R (PKR) and its protein activator (PACT) are the initial responders in monitoring diverse stress signals and lead to inhibition of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis in consequence. However, the regulation of PACT-PKR pathway in cancer cells remains largely unknown. Herein, we identify that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) aspartyl-tRNA synthetase antisense RNA 1 (DARS-AS1) is directly involved in the inhibition of the PACT-PKR pathway and promotes the proliferation of cancer cells. Using large-scale CRISPRi functional screening of 971 cancer-associated lncRNAs, we find that DARS-AS1 is associated with significantly enhanced proliferation of cancer cells. Accordingly, knocking down DARS-AS1 inhibits cell proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines and promotes cancer cell apoptosis in vitro and significantly reduces tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, DARS-AS1 directly binds to the activator domain of PACT and prevents PACT-PKR interaction, thereby decreasing PKR activation, eIF2α phosphorylation and inhibiting apoptotic cell death. Clinically, DARS-AS1 is broadly expressed across multiple cancers and the increased expression of this lncRNA indicates poor prognosis. This study elucidates the lncRNA DARS-AS1 directed cancer-specific modulation of the PACT-PKR pathway and provides another target for cancer prognosis and therapeutic treatment. A loss-of-function screen reveals a role for lncRNA DARS-AS1 in promoting cancer cell proliferation and further experiments shows DARS-AS1 regulates the PACT-PKR pathway, overall suggesting it as a potential target for cancer therapy and prognosis.
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12
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Wang X, Li Y, Li Z, Lin S, Wang H, Sun J, Lan C, Wu L, Sun D, Huang C, Singh PK, Hempel N, Trebak M, DeNicola GM, Hao J, Yang S. Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Drives Metastasis and Confers a Targetable Cystine Dependency in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2254-2268. [PMID: 35413105 PMCID: PMC9203979 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly metastatic disease with few effective treatments. Here we show that the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) promotes PDAC cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and metabolic stress resistance by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidant program. The cystine transporter SLC7A11 was identified as a druggable target downstream of the MCU-Nrf2 axis. Paradoxically, despite the increased ability to uptake cystine, MCU-overexpressing PDAC demonstrated characteristics typical of cystine-deprived cells and were hypersensitive to cystine deprivation-induced ferroptosis. Pharmacologic inhibitors of SLC7A11 effectively induced tumor regression and abrogated MCU-driven metastasis in PDAC. In patient-derived organoid models in vitro and patient-derived xenograft models in vivo, MCU-high PDAC demonstrated increased sensitivity to SLC7A11 inhibition compared with MCU-low tumors. These data suggest that MCU is able to promote resistance to metabolic stress and to drive PDAC metastasis in a cystine-dependent manner. MCU-mediated cystine addiction could be exploited as a therapeutic vulnerability to inhibit PDAC tumor growth and to prevent metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE Elevated mitochondrial calcium uptake in PDAC promotes metastasis but exposes cystine addiction and ferroptosis sensitivity that could be targeted to improve pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchao Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yunzhan Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Zekun Li
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan and Center for Life-Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chungen Lan
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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13
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Ward AS, Hsiung CH, Kesterson DG, Kamath VG, McKee EE. Entecavir competitively inhibits deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria and the perfused rat heart. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101876. [PMID: 35358513 PMCID: PMC9097457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyguanosine kinase (dGK) is reported responsible for the phosphorylation of deoxyadenosine (dA) and deoxyguanosine (dG) in the mitochondrial purine salvage pathway. Antiviral nucleoside analogs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) must be phosphorylated by host enzymes for the analog to become active. We address the possibility that NRTI purine analogs may be competitive inhibitors of dGK. From a group of such analogs, we demonstrate that entecavir (ETV) competitively inhibited the phosphorylation of dG and dA in rat mitochondria. Mitochondria from the brain, heart, kidney, and liver showed a marked preference for phosphorylation of dG over dA (10-30-fold) and ETV over dA (2.5-4-fold). We found that ETV inhibited the phosphorylation of dG with an IC50 of 15.3 ± 2.2 μM and that ETV and dG were both potent inhibitors of dA phosphorylation with IC50s of 0.034 ± 0.007 and 0.028 ± 0.006 μM, respectively. In addition, the phosphorylation of dG and ETV followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics and each competitively inhibited the phosphorylation of the other. We observed that the kinetics of dA phosphorylation were strikingly different from those of dG phosphorylation, with an exponentially lower affinity for dGK and no effect of dA on dG or ETV phosphorylation. Finally, in an isolated heart perfusion model, we demonstrated that dG, dA, and ETV were phosphorylated and dG phosphorylation was inhibited by ETV. Taken together, these data demonstrate that dGK is inhibited by ETV and that the primary role of dGK is in the phosphorylation of dG rather than dA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery S Ward
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Chia-Heng Hsiung
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA; School of Science, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Daniel G Kesterson
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA; Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Vasudeva G Kamath
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, New York, USA
| | - Edward E McKee
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA.
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14
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Zu L, Li X, He J, Zhou N, Meng F, Li X, Xu S, Zhang L. Establishment and characterization of a novel highly malignant lung cancer cell line ZX2021H derived from a metastatic lymph node lesion. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:1199-1210. [PMID: 35297208 PMCID: PMC9013652 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. The establishment of faithful ex vivo cell models is essential for investigating the metastatic mechanisms and developing new anticancer agents. In this study, we established and characterized a novel lung cancer cell line derived from metastatic lymph node tissue from a Chinese patient. Methods A primary culture of metastatic lymph node tissue from a patient with lung cancer was used to establish a cell line. The phenotypic characteristics of the cell line were characterized by colony‐formation, CCK8, and Transwell assays, and xenografting. The genetic characteristics were evaluated by chromosome analysis, short tandem repeat (STR) profiling, and quantitative real time‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Results A novel lung cancer cell line, named ZX2021H, was successfully established from a metastatic lymph node lesion from a lung cancer patient. The cell line exhibited high capacities for proliferation and invasion, as validated by its phenotypic and genetic characteristics. This cell line had a unique STR profile and karyotype analysis revealed numerical and structural chromosome abnormalities. The growth rate of in vivo xenografted tumors established using ZX2021H cells was higher than that using H1299 cells. The cell stemness‐related gene SOX2 was overexpressed in ZX2021 compared with H1299 cells, as determined by qRT‐PCR. Conclusion We successfully established a novel, highly malignant lung cancer cell line, ZX2021H, derived from metastatic lymph node tissue from a Chinese lung cancer patient. This cell line may provide an ideal cell model for further studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer metastasis and for the development of new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuebing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinling He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanrong Meng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaozhou Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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15
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Lee PJ, Ho CC, Ho H, Chen WJ, Lin CH, Lai YH, Juan YC, Chu WC, Lee JH, Su SF, Chen HY, Chen JJW, Chang GC, Li KC, Yang PC, Chen HW. Tumor microenvironment-based screening repurposes drugs targeting cancer stem cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:9667-9686. [PMID: 34646392 PMCID: PMC8490509 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumorous niche may drive the plasticity of heterogeneity and cancer stemness, leading to drug resistance and metastasis, which is the main reason of treatment failure in most cancer patients. The aim of this study was to establish a tumor microenvironment (TME)-based screening to identify drugs that can specifically target cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the TME. Methods: Lung cancer patient-derived cancer cell and CAFs were utilized to mimic the TME and reproduce the stemness properties of CSCs in vitro and develop a high-throughput drug screening platform with phenotypical parameters. Limiting dilution assay, sphere-forming and ALDH activity assay were utilized to measure the cancer stemness characteristics. In vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and single-cell RNA sequencing were used to evaluate the mechanisms of the compounds in CSCs and CAFs. Results: The TME-based drug screening platform could comprehensively evaluate the response of cancer cells, CSCs and CAFs to different treatments. Among the 1,524 compounds tested, several drugs were identified to have anti-CAFs, anticancer and anti-CSCs activities. Aloe-emodin and digoxin both show anticancer and anti-CSCs activity in vitro and in vivo, which was further confirmed in the lung cancer PDX model. The combination of digoxin and chemotherapy improved therapeutic efficacy. The single-cell transcriptomics analysis revealed that digoxin could suppress the CSCs subpopulation in CAFs-cocultured cancer cells and cytokine production in CAFs. Conclusions: The TME-based drug screening platform provides a tool to identify and repurpose compounds targeting cancer cells, CSCs and CAFs, which may accelerate drug development and therapeutic application for lung cancer patients.
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16
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The metabolic flexibility of quiescent CSC: implications for chemotherapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:835. [PMID: 34482364 PMCID: PMC8418609 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Quiescence has been observed in stem cells (SCs), including adult SCs and cancer SCs (CSCs). Conventional chemotherapies mostly target proliferating cancer cells, while the quiescent state favors CSCs escape to chemotherapeutic drugs, leaving risks for tumor recurrence or metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) provides various signals that maintain resident quiescent CSCs, protect them from immune surveillance, and facilitates their recurrence potential. Since the TME has the potential to support and initiate stem cell-like programs in cancer cells, targeting the TME components may prove to be a powerful modality for the treatment of chemotherapy resistance. In addition, an increasing number of studies have discovered that CSCs exhibit the potential of metabolic flexibility when metabolic substrates are limited, and display increased robustness in response to stress. Accompanied by chemotherapy that targets proliferative cancer cells, treatments that modulate CSC quiescence through the regulation of metabolic pathways also show promise. In this review, we focus on the roles of metabolic flexibility and the TME on CSCs quiescence and further discuss potential treatments of targeting CSCs and the TME to limit chemotherapy resistance.
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17
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Li L, Qi R, Zhang L, Yu Y, Hou J, Gu Y, Song D, Wang X. Potential biomarkers and targets of mitochondrial dynamics. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e529. [PMID: 34459143 PMCID: PMC8351522 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the imbalance of cellular homeostasis and the development of diseases, which is regulated by mitochondria-associated factors. The present review aims to explore the process of the mitochondrial quality control system as a new source of the potential diagnostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for diseases, including mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, interactions between mitochondria and other organelles (lipid droplets, endoplasmic reticulum, endosomes, and lysosomes), as well as the regulation and posttranscriptional modifications of mitochondrial DNA/RNA (mtDNA/mtRNA). The direct and indirect influencing factors were especially illustrated in understanding the interactions among regulators of mitochondrial dynamics. In addition, mtDNA/mtRNAs and proteomic profiles of mitochondria in various lung diseases were also discussed as an example. Thus, alternations of mitochondria-associated regulators can be a new category of biomarkers and targets for disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Li
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Ruixue Qi
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Yuexin Yu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Jiayun Hou
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Yutong Gu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Dongli Song
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and TherapyFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
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18
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Lin S, Li Y, Wang D, Huang C, Marino D, Bollt O, Wu C, Taylor MD, Li W, DeNicola GM, Hao J, Singh PK, Yang S. Fascin promotes lung cancer growth and metastasis by enhancing glycolysis and PFKFB3 expression. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:230-242. [PMID: 34303764 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fascin is a pro-metastatic actin-bundling protein that is upregulated in all metastatic carcinomas. Fascin promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by facilitating membrane protrusions, such as filopodia and invadopodia. Aerobic glycolysis is a key feature of cancer metabolism and provides critical intermediate metabolites for tumor growth. Here, we report that fascin increases glycolysis in lung cancer to promote tumor growth and metastasis. Fascin promotes glycolytic flux by increasing the expression and activities of phosphofructose-kinases 1 and 2 (PFK1 and 2). Fascin mediates glycolytic functions via activation of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) through its canonical actin-bundling activity by promoting the binding of YAP1 to a TEAD1/4 binding motif located 30 bp upstream of the PFKFB3 transcription start site to activate its transcription. Examination of the TCGA database suggests that the fascin-YAP1-PFKFB3 axis is likely conserved across different types of cancers. Importantly, pharmacological inhibitors of fascin suppressed YAP1-PFKFB3 signaling and glycolysis in cancer cell lines, organoid cultures, and xenograft metastasis models. Taken together, our data reveal that the glycolytic function of fascin is essential for the promotion of lung cancer growth and metabolism, and suggest that pharmacological inhibitors of fascin may be used to reprogram cancer metabolism in lung and potentially other cancers with fascin upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yunzhan Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - David Marino
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Oana Bollt
- Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jihui Hao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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19
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De novo deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis regulates cell growth and tumor progression in small-cell lung carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13474. [PMID: 34188151 PMCID: PMC8242079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis from ribonucleotides supports the growth of active cancer cells by producing building blocks for DNA. Although ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is known to catalyze the rate-limiting step of de novo deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) synthesis, the biological function of the RNR large subunit (RRM1) in small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we established siRNA-transfected SCLC cell lines to investigate the anticancer effect of silencing RRM1 gene expression. We found that RRM1 is required for the full growth of SCLC cells both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, the deletion of RRM1 induced a DNA damage response in SCLC cells and decreased the number of cells with S phase cell cycle arrest. We also elucidated the overall changes in the metabolic profile of SCLC cells caused by RRM1 deletion. Together, our findings reveal a relationship between the deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis axis and key metabolic changes in SCLC, which may indicate a possible link between tumor growth and the regulation of deoxyribonucleotide metabolism in SCLC.
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20
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Jiang J, Peng L, Wang K, Huang C. Moonlighting Metabolic Enzymes in Cancer: New Perspectives on the Redox Code. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:979-1003. [PMID: 32631077 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Metabolic reprogramming is considered to be a critical adaptive biological event that fulfills the energy and biomass demands for cancer cells. One hallmark of metabolic reprogramming is reduced oxidative phosphorylation and enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Such metabolic abnormalities contribute to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the by-products of metabolic pathways. Emerging evidence suggests that ROS can in turn directly or indirectly affect the expression, activity, or subcellular localization of metabolic enzymes, contributing to the moonlighting functions outside of their primary roles. This review summarizes the multifunctions of metabolic enzymes and the involved redox modification patterns, which further reveal the inherent connection between metabolism and cellular redox state. Recent Advances: These noncanonical functions of metabolic enzymes involve the regulation of epigenetic modifications, gene transcription, post-translational modification, cellular antioxidant capacity, and many other fundamental cellular events. The multifunctional properties of metabolic enzymes further expand the metabolic dependencies of cancer cells, and confer cancer cells with a means of adapting to diverse environmental stimuli. Critical Issues: Deciphering the redox-manipulated mechanisms with specific emphasis on the moonlighting function of metabolic enzymes is important for clarifying the pertinence between metabolism and redox processes. Future Directions: Investigation of the redox-regulated moonlighting functions of metabolic enzymes will shed new lights into the mechanism by which metabolic enzymes gain noncanonical functions, and yield new insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment by targeting metabolic-redox abnormalities. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 979-1003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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21
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Mao W, Mai J, Peng H, Wan J, Sun T. YAP in pancreatic cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic strategy. Theranostics 2021; 11:1753-1762. [PMID: 33408779 PMCID: PMC7778590 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), remains a fatal disease with few efficacious treatments. The Hippo signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling module, plays critical roles in tissue homeostasis, organ size control and tumorigenesis. The transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein (YAP), a major downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, is associated with various human cancers including PDAC. Considering its importance in cancer, YAP is emerging as a promising therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the oncogenic role and regulatory mechanism of YAP in PDAC, and the potential therapeutic strategies targeting YAP.
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22
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Sang L, He YJ, Kang J, Ye H, Bai W, Luo XD, Sun J. Mitochondrial Deoxyguanosine Kinase Regulates NAD + Biogenesis Independent of Mitochondria Complex I Activity. Front Oncol 2020; 10:570656. [PMID: 33392072 PMCID: PMC7775518 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.570656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of DGUOK promotes mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and lung adenocarcinoma progression. However, the role and mechanism of DGUOK in regulation of mitochondria function and lung cancer progression still poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that DGUOK regulated NAD+ biogenesis. Depletion of the DGUOK significantly decreased NAD+ level. Furthermore, knockout of the DGUOK considerably reduced expression of the NMNAT2, a key molecule controlling NAD+ synthesis, at both mRNA and protein levels. Ectopic expression of the NMNAT2 abrogated the effect of knockdown of DGUOK on NAD+. Notably, this regulation is independent of DGUOK -mediated mitochondria complex I activity. We also showed that NMNAT2 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and negatively correlated with the patient overall survival. Our study suggested that DGUOK regulates NAD+ in a NMNAT2 dependent manner and DGUOK-NMNAT2-NAD+ axis could be a potential therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying-Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaxin Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyi Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiyu Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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23
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Lu L, Liang Q, Shen S, Feng L, Jin L, Liang ZF. Tobacco Smoke Plays an Important Role in Initiation and Development of Lung Cancer by Promoting the Characteristics of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9735-9739. [PMID: 33116833 PMCID: PMC7548220 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s272277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Tobacco smoke is the single greatest risk factor of lung cancer. Although enormous progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which tobacco smoke leading to lung cancer has been made, the molecular pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Cancer stem cells have been implicated in cancer initiation, development, and drug resistance. In this review, we reviewed the relationship between tobacco smoke and lung cancer, the key role of cancer stem cells in lung cancer and other tumors. More importantly, we elucidate the mechanism of tobacco smoke promoting lung cancer from the perspective of the characteristics of cancer stem cells induced by tobacco smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lu
- Women and Children Health Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyan Liang
- People's Liberation Army Navy No. 971 Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyue Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Longtao Jin
- Women and Children Health Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Feng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
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24
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Lin S, Taylor MD, Singh PK, Yang S. How does fascin promote cancer metastasis? FEBS J 2020; 288:1434-1446. [PMID: 32657526 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fascin is an F-actin-bundling protein that cross-links individual actin filaments into straight and stiff bundles. Fascin overexpression in cancer is strongly associated with poor prognosis and metastatic progression across different cancer types. It is well established that fascin plays a causative role in promoting metastatic progression. We will review the recent progress in our understanding of mechanisms underlying fascin-mediated cancer metastasis. This review will cover the biochemical basis for fascin-bundling activity, the mechanisms by which cancer cells upregulate fascin expression and the mechanism underlying fascin-mediated cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastatic colonization. We propose that fascin has broad roles in both metastatic dissemination and metastatic colonization. Understanding these mechanisms will be crucial to the development of anti-metastasis therapeutics targeting fascin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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25
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Lin S, Huang C, Sun J, Bollt O, Wang X, Martine E, Kang J, Taylor MD, Fang B, Singh PK, Koomen J, Hao J, Yang S. The mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase is required for cancer cell stemness in lung adenocarcinoma. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10849. [PMID: 31633874 PMCID: PMC6895611 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) is maintained by the mitochondrial deoxynucleoside salvage pathway and dedicated for the mtDNA homeostasis, and the mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) is a rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway. Here, we investigated the role of the DGUOK in the self-renewal of lung cancer stem-like cells (CSC). Our data support that DGUOK overexpression strongly correlates with cancer progression and patient survival. The depletion of DGUOK robustly inhibited lung adenocarcinoma tumor growth, metastasis, and CSC self-renewal. Mechanistically, DGUOK is required for the biogenesis of respiratory complex I and mitochondrial OXPHOS, which in turn regulates CSC self-renewal through AMPK-YAP1 signaling. The restoration of mitochondrial OXPHOS in DGUOK KO lung cancer cells using NDI1 was able to prevent AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of YAP and to rescue CSC stemness. Genetic targeting of DGUOK using doxycycline-inducible CRISPR/Cas9 was able to markedly induce tumor regression. Our findings reveal a novel role for mitochondrial dNTP metabolism in lung cancer tumor growth and progression, and implicate that the mitochondrial deoxynucleotide salvage pathway could be potentially targeted to prevent CSC-mediated therapy resistance and metastatic recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chongbiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Oana Bollt
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Xiuchao Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Eric Martine
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jiaxin Kang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John Koomen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Proteomics & Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jihui Hao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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