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Wang S, Tan Q, Hou Y, Dou H. Emerging Roles of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:798320. [PMID: 34975496 PMCID: PMC8716856 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.798320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia with or without insulin resistance. Its etiology is attributed to the combined action of genes, environment and immune cells. Myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) is a heterogeneous population of immature cells with immunosuppressive ability. In recent years, different studies have debated the quantity, activity changes and roles of MDSC in the diabetic microenvironment. However, the emerging roles of MDSC have not been fully documented with regard to their interactions with diabetes. Here, the manifestations of MDSC and their subsets are reviewed with regard to the incidence of diabetes and diabetic complications. The possible drugs targeting MDSC are discussed with regard to their potential of treating diabetes. We believe that understanding MDSC will offer opportunities to explain pathological characteristics of different diabetes. MDSC also will be used for personalized immunotherapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Kim JH, Rasaei R, Park S, Kim JY, Na S, Hong SH. Altered Gene Expression Profiles in the Lungs of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Mice. Dev Reprod 2020; 24:197-205. [PMID: 33110951 PMCID: PMC7576965 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2020.24.3.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common heterogeneous metabolic disorder, characterized by
deposition of extracellular matrix, oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction,
thereby leading to gradual loss of function in multiple organs. However, little
attention has been paid to gene expression changes in the lung under
hyperglycemic conditions. In this study, we found that diabetes inuced
histological changes in the lung of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Global
gene expression profiling revealed a set of genes that are up- and
down-regulated in the lung of diabetic mice. Among these, expression of
Amigo2, Adrb2, and Zbtb16 were confirmed
at the transcript level to correlate significantly with hyperglycemia in the
lung. We further evaluated the effect of human umbilical cord-derived
perivascular stem cells (PVCs) on these gene expression in the lung of diabetic
mice. Our results show that administration of PVC-conditioned medium
significantly suppressed Amig2, Adrb2, and
Zbtb16 upregulation in these mice, suggesting that these
genes may be useful indicators of lung injury during hyperglycemia. Furthermore,
PVCs offer a promising alternative cell therapy for treating diabetic
complications via regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Kim
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Roya Rasaei
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Sujin Park
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Sunghun Na
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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Regulation of JAM2 Expression in the Lungs of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice and Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Organoids. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090346. [PMID: 32932992 PMCID: PMC7555027 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a causative factor in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases, known to induce fibrosis and inflammation in the lung. However, little attention has been paid to genes related to hyperglycemic-induced lung alterations and stem cell applications for therapeutic use. In this study, our microarray data revealed significantly increased levels of junctional adhesion molecule 2 (JAM2) in the high glucose (HG)-induced transcriptional profile in human perivascular cells (hPVCs). The elevated level of JAM2 in HG-treated hPVCs was transcriptionally and epigenetically reversible when HG treatment was removed. We further investigated the expression of JAM2 using in vivo and in vitro hyperglycemic models. Our results showed significant upregulation of JAM2 in the lungs of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, which was greatly suppressed by the administration of conditioned medium obtained from human mesenchymal stem cell cultures. Furthermore, JAM2 was found to be significantly upregulated in human pluripotent stem cell-derived multicellular alveolar organoids by exposure to HG. Our results suggest that JAM2 may play an important role in STZ-induced lung alterations and could be a potential indicator for predicting the therapeutic effects of stem cells and drugs in diabetic lung complications.
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Kim MJ, Kim JY, Kang M, Won MH, Hong SH, Her Y. Reduced Fecal Calprotectin and Inflammation in a Murine Model of Atopic Dermatitis Following Probiotic Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113968. [PMID: 32486523 PMCID: PMC7312066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin diseases with inflammation, chronic relapses, and intense pruritus. Its pathogenesis includes genetic susceptibility, an abnormal epidermal lipid barrier, and an increased production of IgE due to immune dysregulation. Recently, AD has been reported to be associated with intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis in human and murine models. Various probiotics are being used to control intestinal dysbiosis and inflammatory reactions. However, it is difficult to predict or determine the therapeutic effects of the probiotics, since it is rare for clinicians to use the probiotics alone to treat AD. It is also difficult to check whether the intestinal inflammation in patients with AD has improved since probiotic treatment. The aim of the present study was to determine whether mice with induced atopic dermatitis had any changes in fecal calprotectin, an indicator of intestinal inflammation, after probiotic administration. Our results showed that the fecal calprotectin levels in mice with induced dermatitis decreased significantly after the administration of probiotics. In addition, epidermal skin lesions were attenuated and inflammatory-related cytokines were downregulated after the administration of probiotics in mice with induced dermatitis. These results suggest that changes in fecal calprotectin levels could be used to assess the effectiveness of a probiotic strain as an adjuvant treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung-Ju Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.-J.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.-J.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Minje Kang
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.-J.K.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Correspondence: (S.-H.H.); (Y.H.); Tel.: +82-33-250-7819 (S.-H.H. & Y.H.); Fax: +82-33-244-2367 (S.-H.H. & Y.H.)
| | - Young Her
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.H.); (Y.H.); Tel.: +82-33-250-7819 (S.-H.H. & Y.H.); Fax: +82-33-244-2367 (S.-H.H. & Y.H.)
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Lee JY, Hong SH. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Their Roles in Tissue Regeneration. Int J Stem Cells 2020; 13:1-12. [PMID: 31887851 PMCID: PMC7119209 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are regarded as one of essential cell sources for treating regenerative diseases. Among many stem cells, the feasibility of using adult-derived hematopoietic stem cells in therapeutic approaches is very diverse, and is unarguably regarded as an important cell source in stem cell biology. So far, many investigators are exploring HSCs and modified HSCs for use in clinical and basic science. In the present review, we briefly summarized HSCs and their application in pathophysiologic conditions, including non-hematopoietic tissue regeneration as well as blood disorders. HSCs and HSCs-derived progenitors are promising cell sources in regenerative medicine and their contributions can be properly applied to treat pathophysiologic conditions. Among many adult stem cells, HSCs are a powerful tool to treat patients with diseases such as hematologic malignancies and liver disease. Since HSCs can be differentiated into diverse progenitors including endothelial progenitors, they may be useful for constructing strategies for effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Lee
- CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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BMP4 and perivascular cells promote hematopoietic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells in a differentiation stage-specific manner. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:56-65. [PMID: 31956269 PMCID: PMC7000736 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient and reproducible derivation and maturation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) requires the recapitulation of appropriate developmental stages and the microenvironment. Here, using serum-, xeno-, and feeder-free stepwise hematopoietic induction protocols, we showed that short-term and high-concentration treatment of hPSCs with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) strongly promoted early mesoderm induction followed by increased hematopoietic commitment. This method reduced variations in hematopoietic differentiation among hPSC lines maintained under chemically defined Essential 8 medium compared to those maintained under less-defined mTeSR medium. We also found that perivascular niche cells (PVCs) significantly augmented the production of hematopoietic cells via paracrine signaling mechanisms only when they were present during the hematopoietic commitment phase. A protein array revealed 86 differentially expressed (>1.5-fold) secretion factors in PVC-conditioned medium compared with serum-free control medium, of which the transforming growth factor-β inducible gene H3 significantly increased the number of hematopoietic colony-forming colonies. Our data suggest that BMP4 and PVCs promote the hematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs in a differentiation stage-specific manner. This will increase our understanding of hematopoietic development and expedite the development of hPSC-derived blood products for therapeutic use. Adding a vital regulatory molecule and support cells to the culture medium can help in the derivation of blood products from stem cells. A team led by Seok-Ho Hong from Kangwon National University in Chuncheon, South Korea, followed a clinical-grade protocol for converting embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells from adults into blood cell precursors. The researchers showed that incorporating high doses of a growth factor called bone morphogenetic protein 4 into the standard culture medium for a short period promoted early differentiation toward blood cells. Incorporating so-called perivascular cells taken from umbilical cord blood also enhanced the process through the secretion of signaling molecules that further pushed the stem cells toward differentiating into blood cells. The findings could help improve protocols for making blood products from stem cells for therapeutic purposes.
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Kim J, Kim WJ, Ha KS, Han ET, Park WS, Yang SR, Hong SH. Perivascular Stem Cells Suppress Inflammasome Activation during Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages. Int J Stem Cells 2019; 12:419-429. [PMID: 31658511 PMCID: PMC6881042 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc19115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Perivascular stem cells (PVCs) have been identified as precursors of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that offer promising prospects for application in the development of cellular therapies. Although PVCs have been demonstrated to have greater therapeutic potential compared to bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived MSCs in various diseases, the regulatory role of PVCs on inflammasome activation during macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses has not been investigated. Methods and Results In this study, we found that the PVC secretome effectively alleviates secretion of both caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in lipopolysaccharide-primed and activated human and murine macrophages by blocking inflammasome activation and attenuating the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). We further showed that the PVC secretome significantly reduces inflammatory responses and endoplasmic reticulum stress in peritoneal macrophages in a mouse model of monosodium urate-induced peritonitis. A cytokine antibody array analysis revealed that the PVC secretome contains high levels of serpin E1 and angiogenin, which may be responsible for the inhibitory effects on mitochondrial ROS generation as well as on inflammasome activation. Conclusions Our results suggest that PVCs may be therapeutically useful for the treatment of macrophage- and inflammation-mediated diseases by paracrine action via the secretion of various biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Scripps Korea Antibody Institute and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Zhou X, Qian Y, Yuan D, Feng Q, He P. H 2 O 2 -induced microvessel barrier dysfunction: the interplay between reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:10.14814/phy2.14206. [PMID: 31448579 PMCID: PMC6709418 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated H2 O2 is implicated in many cardiovascular diseases. We previously demonstrated that H2 O2 -induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation and excessive NO production contribute to vascular cell injury and increases in microvessel permeability. However, the mechanisms of excessive NO-mediated vascular injury and hyperpermeability remain unknown. This study aims to examine the functional role of NO-derived peroxynitrite (ONOO- ) in H2 O2 -induced vascular barrier dysfunction by elucidating the interrelationships between H2 O2 -induced NO, superoxide, ONOO- , and changes in endothelial [Ca2+ ]i and microvessel permeability. Experiments were conducted on intact rat mesenteric venules. Microvessel permeability was determined by measuring hydraulic conductivity (Lp). Endothelial [Ca2+ ]i , NO, and O2- were assessed with fluorescence imaging. Perfusion of vessels with H2 O2 (10 µmol/L) induced marked productions of NO and O2- , resulting in extensive protein tyrosine nitration, a biomarker of ONOO- . The formation of ONOO- was abolished by inhibition of NOS with NG -Methyl-L-arginine. Blocking NO production or scavenging ONOO- by uric acid prevented H2 O2 -induced increases in endothelial [Ca2+ ]i and Lp. Additionally, the application of exogenous ONOO- to microvessels induced delayed and progressive increases in endothelial [Ca2+ ]i and microvessel Lp, a pattern similar to that observed in H2 O2 -perfused vessels. Importantly, ONOO- caused further activation of eNOS with amplified NO production. We conclude that the augmentation of NO-derived ONOO- is essential for H2 O2 -induced endothelial Ca2+ overload and progressively increased microvessel permeability, which is achieved by self-promoted amplifications of NO-dependent signaling cascades. This novel mechanism provides new insight into the reactive oxygen and/or reactive nitrogen species-mediated vascular dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest Virginia
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest Virginia
| | - Dong Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest Virginia
| | - Qilong Feng
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPennsylvania
| | - Pingnian He
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest Virginia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of MedicinePenn State UniversityHersheyPennsylvania
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