1
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Turgeon A, Fu J, Divyanshi, Ma M, Jin Z, Hwang H, Li M, Qiao H, Mei W, Yang J. Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in the vertebrate germline and regulates the development of Xenopus primordial germ cells. Dev Biol 2024; 514:28-36. [PMID: 38880277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of sperms and oocytes. Proper development of PGCs is crucial for the survival of the species. In many organisms, factors responsible for PGC development are synthesized during early oogenesis and assembled into the germ plasm. During early embryonic development, germ plasm is inherited by a few cells, leading to the formation of PGCs. While germline development has been extensively studied, how components of the germ plasm regulate PGC development is not fully understood. Here, we report that Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in vertebrate germline and is a novel component of the germ plasm in Xenopus and zebrafish. Knockdown of Dzip1 impairs PGC development in Xenopus embryos. At the molecular level, Dzip1 physically interacts with Dazl, an evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding protein that plays a multifaced role during germline development. We further showed that the sequence between amino acid residues 282 and 550 of Dzip1 is responsible for binding to Dazl. Disruption of the binding between Dzip1 and Dazl leads to defective PGC development. Taken together, our results presented here demonstrate that Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in the vertebrate germline and plays a novel function during Xenopus PGC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Turgeon
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Divyanshi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Meng Ma
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zhigang Jin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hyojeong Hwang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meining Li
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Huanyu Qiao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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2
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Saraiva HFRDA, Sangalli JR, Alves L, da Silveira JC, Meirelles FV, Perecin F. NPPC and AREG supplementation in IVM systems alter mRNA translation and decay programs-related gene expression in bovine COC. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20230101. [PMID: 39021501 PMCID: PMC11253787 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
During oocyte meiosis resumption, a coordinated program of transcript translation and decay machinery promotes a remodeling of mRNA stores, which determines the success of the acquisition of competence and early embryo development. We investigated levels of two genes related to mRNA translation (CPEB1 and CPEB4) and two related to mRNA degradation (CNOT7 and ZFP36L2) machinery and found ZFP36L2 downregulated in in vitro-matured bovine oocytes compared to in vivo counterparts. Thereafter, we tested the effects of a pre-IVM step with NPPC and a modified IVM with AREG on the modulation of members of mRNA translation and degradation pathways in cumulus cells and oocytes. Our data showed a massive upregulation of genes associated with translational and decay processes in cumulus cells, promoted by NPPC and AREG supplementation, up to 9h of IVM. The oocytes were less affected by NPPC and AREG, and even though ZFP36L2 transcript and protein levels were downregulated at 9 and 19h of IVM, only one (KDM4C) from the ten target genes evaluated was differently expressed in these treatments. These data suggest that cumulus cells are more prone to respond to NPPC and AREG supplementation in vitro, regarding translational and mRNA decay programs. Given the important nursing role of these cells, further studies could contribute to a better understanding of the impact of these modulators in maternal mRNA modulation and improve IVM outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliano Rodrigues Sangalli
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Luana Alves
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Flávio Vieira Meirelles
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Felipe Perecin
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
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3
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Ou N, Wang Y, Xu S, Luo J, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Shi X, Xiong M, Zhao L, Ji Z, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Bai H, Tian R, Li P, Zhi E, Huang Y, Chen W, Wang R, Jin Y, Wang D, Li Z, Chen H, Yao C. Primate-Specific DAZ Regulates Translation of Cell Proliferation-Related mRNAs and is Essential for Maintenance of Spermatogonia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400692. [PMID: 38783578 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Primate-specific DAZ (deleted in azoospermia) has evolved in the azoospermia factor c (AZFc) locus on the Y chromosome. Loss of DAZ is associated with azoospermia in patients with deletion of the AZFc region (AZFc_del). However, the molecular mechanisms of DAZ in spermatogenesis remain uncertain. In this study, the molecular mechanism of DAZ is identified, which is unknown since it is identified 40 years ago because of the lack of a suitable model. Using clinical samples and cell models, it is shown that DAZ plays an important role in spermatogenesis and that loss of DAZ is associated with defective proliferation of c-KIT-positive spermatogonia in patients with AZFc_del. Mechanistically, it is shown that knockdown of DAZ significantly downregulated global translation and subsequently decreased cell proliferation. Furthermore, DAZ interacted with PABPC1 via the DAZ repeat domain to regulate global translation. DAZ targeted mRNAs that are involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle phase transition. These findings indicate that DAZ is a master translational regulator and essential for the maintenance of spermatogonia. Loss of DAZ may result in defective proliferation of c-KIT-positive spermatogonia and spermatogenic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjing Ou
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Urology, Department of Interventional Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yuci Wang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiaqiang Luo
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chenwang Zhang
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yangyi Zhang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Minggang Xiong
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Liangyu Zhao
- Department of Urology, Department of Interventional Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Zhiyong Ji
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Haowei Bai
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruhui Tian
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Erlei Zhi
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yuxuan Jin
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Dian Wang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Chencheng Yao
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
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4
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Turgeon A, Fu J, Divyanshi, Ma M, Jin Z, Hwang H, Li M, Qiao H, Mei W, Yang J. Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in the vertebrate germline and regulates the development of Xenopus primordial germ cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.20.590349. [PMID: 38712275 PMCID: PMC11071414 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.20.590349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of sperms and oocytes. Proper development of PGCs is crucial for the survival of the species. In many organisms, factors responsible for PGC development are synthesized during early oogenesis and assembled into the germ plasm. During early embryonic development, germ plasm is inherited by a few cells, leading to the formation of PGCs. While germline development has been extensively studied, how components of the germ plasm regulate PGC development is not fully understood. Here, we report that Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in vertebrate germline and is a novel component of the germ plasm in Xenopus and zebrafish. Knockdown of Dzip1 impairs PGC development in Xenopus embryos. At the molecular level, Dzip1 physically interacts with Dazl, an evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding protein that plays a multifaced role during germline development. We further showed that the sequence between amino acid residues 282 and 550 of Dzip1 is responsible for binding to Dazl. Disruption of the binding between Dzip1 and Dazl leads to defective PGC development. Taken together, our results presented here demonstrate that Dzip1 is dynamically expressed in the vertebrate germline and plays a novel function during Xenopus PGC development.
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5
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Córdova-Oriz I, Polonio AM, Cuadrado-Torroglosa I, Chico-Sordo L, Medrano M, García-Velasco JA, Varela E. Chromosome ends and the theory of marginotomy: implications for reproduction. Biogerontology 2024; 25:227-248. [PMID: 37943366 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are the protective structures located at the ends of linear chromosomes. They were first described in the 1930s, but their biology remained unexplored until the early 70s, when Alexey M. Olovnikov, a theoretical biologist, suggested that telomeres cannot be fully copied during DNA replication. He proposed a theory that linked this phenomenon with the limit of cell proliferation capacity and the "duration of life" (theory of marginotomy), and suggested a potential of telomere lenghthening for the prevention of aging (anti-marginotomy). The impact of proliferative telomere shortening on life expectancy was later confirmed. In humans, telomere shortening is counteracted by telomerase, an enzyme that is undetectable in most adult somatic cells, but present in cancer cells and adult and embryonic stem and germ cells. Although telomere length dynamics are different in male and female gametes during gametogenesis, telomere lengths are reset at the blastocyst stage, setting the initial length of the species. The role of the telomere pathway in reproduction has been explored for years, mainly because of increased infertility resulting from delayed childbearing. Short telomere length in ovarian somatic cells is associated to decreased fertility and higher aneuploidy rates in embryos. Consequently, there is a growing interest in telomere lengthening strategies, aimed at improving fertility. It has also been observed that lifestyle factors can affect telomere length and improve fertility outcomes. In this review, we discuss the implications of telomere theory in fertility, especially in oocytes, spermatozoa, and embryos, as well as therapies to enhance reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Córdova-Oriz
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba M Polonio
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuadrado-Torroglosa
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucía Chico-Sordo
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Medrano
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan A García-Velasco
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical Specialties and Public Health, Edificio Departamental II, Rey Juan Carlos University, Av. de Atenas, s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Varela
- IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain.
- Department of Medical Specialties and Public Health, Edificio Departamental II, Rey Juan Carlos University, Av. de Atenas, s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Conti M, Kunitomi C. A genome-wide perspective of the maternal mRNA translation program during oocyte development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:88-98. [PMID: 36894378 PMCID: PMC11250054 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations control gene expression in most cells. However, critical transitions during the development of the female gamete relies exclusively on regulation of mRNA translation in the absence of de novo mRNA synthesis. Specific temporal patterns of maternal mRNA translation are essential for the oocyte progression through meiosis, for generation of a haploid gamete ready for fertilization and for embryo development. In this review, we will discuss how mRNAs are translated during oocyte growth and maturation using mostly a genome-wide perspective. This broad view on how translation is regulated reveals multiple divergent translational control mechanisms required to coordinate protein synthesis with progression through the meiotic cell cycle and with development of a totipotent zygote.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Conti
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Chisato Kunitomi
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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7
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Tang Y, Zhang B, Shi H, Yan Z, Wang P, Yang Q, Huang X, Li J, Wang Z, Gun S. Cloning, expression analysis and localization of DAZL gene implicated in germ cell development of male Hezuo pig. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4000-4014. [PMID: 37671929 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2249953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Deleted in azoospermia-like (DAZL) is essential for mammalian testicular function and spermatogenesis. To explore the molecular characterization, expression patterns, and cellular localization of the DAZL in Hezuo pig testes, testicular tissue was isolated from Hezuo pig at five development stages including 30 days old (30 d), 90 days old (90 d), 120 days old (120 d), 180 days old (180 d), and 240 days old (240 d). DAZL cDNA was first cloned using the RT-PCR method, and its molecular characterization was analyzed using relevant bioinformatics software. Subsequently, the expression patterns and cellular localization of DAZL were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The cloning and sequence analysis showed that the Hezuo pig DAZL cDNA fragment contained 888 bp open reading frame (ORF) capable of encoding 295 amino acid residues and exhibited high identities with some other mammals. The qRT-PCR and Western blot results indicated that DAZL was specifically expressed in Hezuo pig testes, and DAZL levels of both mRNA and protein were expressed at all five reproductive stages of Hezuo pig testes, with extremely significant higher expression levels in 90 d, 120 d, 180 d, and 240 d than those in 30 d (p < 0.01). Additionally, immunohistochemistry results revealed that DAZL protein was mainly localized in gonocytes at 30 d testes, primary spermatocytes, and spermatozoon at other developmental stages, and Leydig cells throughout five development stages. Together, these results suggested that DAZL may play an important role by regulating the proliferation or differentiation of gonocytes, development of primary spermatocytes and spermatozoon, and functional maintenance of Leydig cells in testicular development and spermatogenesis of Hezuo pig. Nevertheless, the specific regulatory mechanisms underlying these phenomena still requires further investigated and verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuran Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixia Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zunqiang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiyou Li
- Gansu General Station of Animal Husbandry Technology Extension, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zike Wang
- Gansu General Station of Animal Husbandry Technology Extension, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuangbao Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, Lanzhou, China
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8
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Ye M, Shan Y, Lu B, Luo H, Li B, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Guo Y, Ouyang L, Gu J, Xiong Z, Zhang T. Creating a semi-opened micro-cavity ovary through sacrificial microspheres as an in vitro model for discovering the potential effect of ovarian toxic agents. Bioact Mater 2023; 26:216-230. [PMID: 36936809 PMCID: PMC10017366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The bio-engineered ovary is an essential technology for treating female infertility. Especially the development of relevant in vitro models could be a critical step in a drug study. Herein, we develop a semi-opened culturing system (SOCS) strategy that maintains a 3D structure of follicles during the culture. Based on the SOCS, we further developed micro-cavity ovary (MCO) with mouse follicles by the microsphere-templated technique, where sacrificial gelatin microspheres were mixed with photo-crosslinkable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) to engineer a micro-cavity niche for follicle growth. The semi-opened MCO could support the follicle growing to the antral stage, secreting hormones, and ovulating cumulus-oocyte complex out of the MCO without extra manipulation. The MCO-ovulated oocyte exhibits a highly similar transcriptome to the in vivo counterpart (correlation of 0.97) and can be fertilized. Moreover, we found that a high ROS level could affect the cumulus expansion, which may result in anovulation disorder. The damage could be rescued by melatonin, but the end of cumulus expansion was 3h earlier than anticipation, validating that MCO has the potential for investigating ovarian toxic agents in vitro. We provide a novel approach for building an in vitro ovarian model to recapitulate ovarian functions and test chemical toxicity, suggesting it has the potential for clinical research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ye
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yiran Shan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, BNRIST Bioinformatics Division, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bingchuan Lu
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Binhan Li
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuzhi Guo
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Liliang Ouyang
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, BNRIST Bioinformatics Division, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhuo Xiong
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
- Corresponding author. Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems, Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Beijing, 100084, China
- Corresponding author. Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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9
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Jiang Y, Adhikari D, Li C, Zhou X. Spatiotemporal regulation of maternal mRNAs during vertebrate oocyte meiotic maturation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:900-930. [PMID: 36718948 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate oocytes face a particular challenge concerning the regulation of gene expression during meiotic maturation. Global transcription becomes quiescent in fully grown oocytes, remains halted throughout maturation and fertilization, and only resumes upon embryonic genome activation. Hence, the oocyte meiotic maturation process is largely regulated by protein synthesis from pre-existing maternal messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that are transcribed and stored during oocyte growth. Rapidly developing genome-wide techniques have greatly expanded our insights into the global translation changes and possible regulatory mechanisms during oocyte maturation. The storage, translation, and processing of maternal mRNAs are thought to be regulated by factors interacting with elements in the mRNA molecules. Additionally, posttranscriptional modifications of mRNAs, such as methylation and uridylation, have recently been demonstrated to play crucial roles in maternal mRNA destabilization. However, a comprehensive understanding of the machineries that regulate maternal mRNA fate during oocyte maturation is still lacking. In particular, how the transcripts of important cell cycle components are stabilized, recruited at the appropriate time for translation, and eliminated to modulate oocyte meiotic progression remains unclear. A better understanding of these mechanisms will provide invaluable insights for the preconditions of developmental competence acquisition, with important implications for the treatment of infertility. This review discusses how the storage, localization, translation, and processing of oocyte mRNAs are regulated, and how these contribute to oocyte maturation progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xian Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Deepak Adhikari
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 19 Innovation Walk, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xian Road, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xian Road, Changchun, 130062, China
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10
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Wu D, Pedroza M, Chang J, Dean J. DIS3L2 ribonuclease degrades terminal-uridylated RNA to ensure oocyte maturation and female fertility. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:3078-3093. [PMID: 36727488 PMCID: PMC10123098 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During oocyte development in mice, transcripts accumulate in the growth phase and are subsequently degraded during maturation. At the transition point between growth and maturation, oocytes have an intact nucleus or germinal vesicle (GV), and terminal uridylation labels RNA for degradation in meiosis I. By profiling the transcriptome using single-oocyte long-read PacBio RNA sequencing, we document that a small cohort of mRNAs are polyadenylated after terminal uridylation in GV oocytes [designated uridylated-poly(A) RNA]. Because DIS3L2 ribonuclease is known to degrade uridylated transcripts, we established oocyte-specific Dis3l2 knockout mice (Dis3l2cKO). Upon DIS3L2 depletion, uridylated-poly(A) RNAs remain intact which increases their abundance, and they predominate in the transcriptome of Dis3l2cKO oocytes. The abundance of uridylated-poly(A) RNA in Dis3l2cKO oocytes arises not only from insufficient degradation, but also from the stabilizing effect of subsequent polyadenylation. Uridylated-poly(A) RNAs have shorter poly(A) tails and their translation activity decreases in Dis3l2cKO oocytes. Almost all Dis3l2cKO oocytes arrest at the GV stage, and female mice are infertile. Our study demonstrates multiple fates for RNA after terminal uridylation and highlights the role of DIS3L2 ribonuclease in safeguarding the transcriptome and ensuring female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Monique Pedroza
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan Chang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jurrien Dean
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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11
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Nongthombam PD, Malini SS. Association of DAZL polymorphisms and DAZ deletion with male infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Genes Genomics 2022; 45:709-722. [PMID: 36434389 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various populations have been investigated for the occurrence of two key DAZL polymorphisms, 260A > G (rs11710967) and 386A > G (rs121918346), as well as complete DAZ cluster deletion, with conflicting results. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the current meta-analysis was to investigate if there is an association between DAZL polymorphisms and complete deletion of the DAZ cluster gene with male infertility. METHODS Up until September 2022, a thorough search was conducted in the Pubmed and Google scholar databases. For 260A > G polymorphism, 8 studies with 2077 cases and 1398 controls, 13 studies for 386A > G polymorphism (4343 cases and 3727 controls) and 17 studies of DAZ deletion (2820 cases and 1589 controls) were included in the pooled analysis. All of the studies were statistically analysed by Review Manager 5.4, and publication bias was evaluated with JASP 0.16.2.0 software utilising funnel plots and Egger's linear regression test. RESULTS The meta analysis result for pooled data indicated no association between 260A > G and 386A > G polymorphisms and male infertility in any of the genetic models or ethnicities. However, there was a definite correlation between complete deletion of the DAZ gene cluster and male infertility, with an OR = 13.23, 95% confidence interval (6.63-26.39), and p < 0.00001. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, Caucasians and Asian ethnic groups showed the similar relationship. CONCLUSION In order to arrive at more definitive conclusions, further study should be conducted, including studies from a larger range of nations and nationalities.
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12
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Abstract
Viruses have evolved diverse strategies to hijack the cellular gene expression system for their replication. The poly(A) binding proteins (PABPs), a family of critical gene expression factors, are viruses' common targets. PABPs act not only as a translation factor but also as a key factor of mRNA metabolism. During viral infections, the activities of PABPs are manipulated by various viruses, subverting the host translation machinery or evading the cellular antiviral defense mechanism. Viruses harness PABPs by modifying their stability, complex formation with other translation initiation factors, or subcellular localization to promote viral mRNAs translation while shutting off or competing with host protein synthesis. For the past decade, many studies have demonstrated the PABPs' roles during viral infection. This review summarizes a comprehensive perspective of PABPs' roles during viral infection and how viruses evade host antiviral defense through the manipulations of PABPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yan-Dong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Wilburn DB, Kunkel CL, Feldhoff RC, Feldhoff PW, Searle BC. Recurrent Co-Option and Recombination of Cytokine and Three Finger Proteins in Multiple Reproductive Tissues Throughout Salamander Evolution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:828947. [PMID: 35281090 PMCID: PMC8904931 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.828947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive proteins evolve at unparalleled rates, resulting in tremendous diversity of both molecular composition and biochemical function between gametes of different taxonomic clades. To date, the proteomic composition of amphibian gametes is largely a molecular mystery, particularly for Urodeles (salamanders and newts) for which few genomic-scale resources exist. In this study, we provide the first detailed molecular characterization of gametes from two salamander species (Plethodon shermani and Desmognathus ocoee) that are models of reproductive behavior. Long-read PacBio transcriptome sequencing of testis and ovary of both species revealed sex-specific expression of many genes common to vertebrate gametes, including a similar expression profile to the egg coat genes of Xenopus oocytes. In contrast to broad conservation of oocyte genes, major testis transcripts included paralogs of salamander-specific courtship pheromones (PRF, PMF, and SPF) that were confirmed as major sperm proteins by mass spectrometry proteomics. Sperm-specific paralogs of PMF and SPF are likely the most abundant secreted proteins in P. shermani and D. ocoee, respectively. In contrast, sperm PRF lacks a signal peptide and may be expressed in cytoplasm. PRF pheromone genes evolved independently multiple times by repeated gene duplication of sperm PRF genes with signal peptides recovered through recombination with PMF genes. Phylogenetic analysis of courtship pheromones and their sperm paralogs support that each protein family evolved for these two reproductive contexts at distinct evolutionary time points between 17 and 360 million years ago. Our combined phylogenetic, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of plethodontid reproductive tissues support that the recurrent co-option and recombination of TFPs and cytokine-like proteins have been a novel driving force throughout salamander evolution and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien B. Wilburn
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Damien B. Wilburn,
| | - Christy L. Kunkel
- Department of Biology, John Carroll University, Cleveland Heights, OH, United States
| | - Richard C. Feldhoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Pamela W. Feldhoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Brian C. Searle
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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14
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Arslan Ö, Soylu NK, Akillilar PT, Tazebay UH. Coiled-coil domain-containing protein-124 (Ccdc124) is a novel RNA binding factor up-regulated in endometrial, ovarian, and urinary bladder cancers. Cancer Biomark 2021; 31:149-164. [PMID: 33896821 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-200802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coiled-coil domain containing protein-124 (Ccdc124) is a putative mRNA-binding factor associated with cell division, and ribosome biology. Previous reports mentioned an up-regulation of CCDC124 gene in cancer, and listed its mRNA in a molecular prognostic signature in breast cancer. OBJECTIVES Establishing RNA-binding characteristics of Ccdc124 for a better molecular functional characterization, and carrying-out retrospective studies in order to evaluate its aberrant expression in human cancer samples from various tissue origins. METHODS Bioinformatics calculations followed by RIP and RNA-seq experiments were performed to investigate mRNA targets of Ccdc124. Quantitative studies on arrays of cDNAs from different cancers and IHC assays on tissue arrays were used to assess CCDC124 expression levels in cancers. RESULTS Ccdc124 was characterized as an RNA-binding protein (RBP) interacting with various mRNAs. CCDC124 mRNA levels were high in tumors, with a particular up-regulation in cancers from esophagus, adrenal gland, endometrium, liver, ovary, thyroid, and urinary bladder. IHC assays indicated strong Ccdc124 positivity in endometrial (95.4%), urinary bladder (68.4%), and ovarian cancers (86.8%). CONCLUSION Ccdc124 is a cytokinesis related RBP interacting with various mRNAs. CCDC124 mRNA over-expression and an accompanied increase in Ccdc124 protein accumulation was reported in cancers, indicating this RBP as a novel cancer cell marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.,GTU-MAR Center Research Laboratory, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Neşe Karadağ Soylu
- Department of Pathology, Inönü University Faculty of Medicine, Battalgazi, Malatya, Turkey
| | | | - Uygar H Tazebay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.,GTU-MAR Center Research Laboratory, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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15
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Li C, Han T, Li Q, Zhang M, Guo R, Yang Y, Lu W, Li Z, Peng C, Wu P, Tian X, Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhou V, Han Z, Li H, Wang F, Hu R. MKRN3-mediated ubiquitination of Poly(A)-binding proteins modulates the stability and translation of GNRH1 mRNA in mammalian puberty. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:3796-3813. [PMID: 33744966 PMCID: PMC8053111 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of Poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs) regulates the stability and translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Here we reported that the three members of PABPs, including PABPC1, PABPC3 and PABPC4, were identified as novel substrates for MKRN3, whose deletion or loss-of-function mutations were genetically associated with human central precocious puberty (CPP). MKRN3-mediated ubiquitination was found to attenuate the binding of PABPs to the poly(A) tails of mRNA, which led to shortened poly(A) tail-length of GNRH1 mRNA and compromised the formation of translation initiation complex (TIC). Recently, we have shown that MKRN3 epigenetically regulates the transcription of GNRH1 through conjugating poly-Ub chains onto methyl-DNA bind protein 3 (MBD3). Therefore, MKRN3-mediated ubiquitin signalling could control both transcriptional and post-transcriptional switches of mammalian puberty initiation. While identifying MKRN3 as a novel tissue-specific translational regulator, our work also provided new mechanistic insights into the etiology of MKRN3 dysfunction-associated human CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tianting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingrun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Menghuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Juvenile Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zhengwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiaoxu Tian
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuexiang Wang
- Institute of Nutritional and Health Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Vincent Zhou
- Shao-Hua-Ye M.D. Inc, 416 W Las Tunas Dr Ste 205, San Gabriel, CA 91776, USA
| | - Ziyan Han
- Occidental College, 1600 campus Rd, LA, CA 90041, USA
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ronggui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease, Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
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16
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Zhao LW, Zhu YZ, Chen H, Wu YW, Pi SB, Chen L, Shen L, Fan HY. PABPN1L mediates cytoplasmic mRNA decay as a placeholder during the maternal-to-zygotic transition. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49956. [PMID: 32558204 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal mRNA degradation is a critical event of the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) that determines the developmental potential of early embryos. Nuclear Poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPNs) are extensively involved in mRNA post-transcriptional regulation, but their function in the MZT has not been investigated. In this study, we find that the maternally expressed PABPN1-like (PABPN1L), rather than its ubiquitously expressed homolog PABPN1, acts as an mRNA-binding adapter of the mammalian MZT licensing factor BTG4, which mediates maternal mRNA clearance. Female Pabpn1l null mice produce morphologically normal oocytes but are infertile owing to early developmental arrest of the resultant embryos at the 1- to 2-cell stage. Deletion of Pabpn1l impairs the deadenylation and degradation of a subset of BTG4-targeted maternal mRNAs during the MZT. In addition to recruiting BTG4 to the mRNA 3'-poly(A) tails, PABPN1L is also required for BTG4 protein accumulation in maturing oocytes by protecting BTG4 from SCF-βTrCP1 E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated polyubiquitination and degradation. This study highlights a noncanonical cytoplasmic function of nuclear poly(A)-binding protein in mRNA turnover, as well as its physiological importance during the MZT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Wen Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye-Zhang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Wen Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai-Bo Pi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Kim B, Kim HM, Kang MK, Sohn DH, Han SJ. 5'-UTR and ORF elements, as well as the 3'-UTR regulate the translation of Cyclin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:968-973. [PMID: 32439164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian oocyte maturation is wholly dependent on the translation of accumulated maternal transcripts. Therefore, measuring the translation of specific genes, especially Ccnb1 and Ccnb2, which are key regulators of the oocyte cell cycle in mice, is essential to monitor oocyte cell cycle progression. For this purpose, almost all previous research has used a reporter construct containing the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of Ccnb. It is based on the concept that the 3'-UTR is the main modulator of translation. Here, we investigated the expression pattern of Renilla luciferase (RL) reporters combining the 5'-UTR and/or open reading frame (ORF) as well as the 3'-UTR (RL-3', 5'-RL-3', RL-ORF-3', and 5'-RL-ORF-3') of Ccnb1 and Ccnb2 in somatic cells and mouse oocytes. The addition of the 5'-UTR and/or ORF of Ccnb altered the expression of the RL-3' reporter in HEK293T cells and mouse oocytes. The ORF tended to suppress RL expression, whereas the 5'-UTR enhanced the expression in most cases. The increased rate in expression was the highest when only the 3'-UTR of Ccnb1 (RL-3') was used, whereas the 5'-RL-ORF-3' reporter showed a relatively lower increase during oocyte maturation. For Ccnb2, the RL-ORF-3' reporter showed the largest increase, and other reporters exhibited a similar increase in expression during oocyte maturation. Results show that the expression of these genes is modulated not only by the 3'-UTR but also by the 5'-UTR and ORF. Therefore, special caution should be taken when using only the 3'-UTR to monitor the expression of specific genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea; Institute of Digital Anti-Aging Healthcare, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kook Kang
- Department of Biological Science, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea; Department of Research Center, Dong Nam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 40 Jwadong-gil, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Han
- Department of Biological Science, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea; Institute of Digital Anti-Aging Healthcare, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea; Institute of Basic Science, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50834, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Ramat A, Garcia-Silva MR, Jahan C, Naït-Saïdi R, Dufourt J, Garret C, Chartier A, Cremaschi J, Patel V, Decourcelle M, Bastide A, Juge F, Simonelig M. The PIWI protein Aubergine recruits eIF3 to activate translation in the germ plasm. Cell Res 2020; 30:421-435. [PMID: 32132673 PMCID: PMC7196074 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and PIWI proteins are essential in germ cells to repress transposons and regulate mRNAs. In Drosophila, piRNAs bound to the PIWI protein Aubergine (Aub) are transferred maternally to the embryo and regulate maternal mRNA stability through two opposite roles. They target mRNAs by incomplete base pairing, leading to their destabilization in the soma and stabilization in the germ plasm. Here, we report a function of Aub in translation. Aub is required for translational activation of nanos mRNA, a key determinant of the germ plasm. Aub physically interacts with the poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) and the translation initiation factor eIF3. Polysome gradient profiling reveals the role of Aub at the initiation step of translation. In the germ plasm, PABP and eIF3d assemble in foci that surround Aub-containing germ granules, and Aub acts with eIF3d to promote nanos translation. These results identify translational activation as a new mode of mRNA regulation by Aub, highlighting the versatility of PIWI proteins in mRNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ramat
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Maria-Rosa Garcia-Silva
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Camille Jahan
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Rima Naït-Saïdi
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jérémy Dufourt
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Garret
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Aymeric Chartier
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Julie Cremaschi
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Vipul Patel
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - François Juge
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Simonelig
- mRNA Regulation and Development, Institute of Human Genetics, UMR9002 CNRS-Univ Montpellier, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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19
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Yang CR, Rajkovic G, Daldello EM, Luong XG, Chen J, Conti M. The RNA-binding protein DAZL functions as repressor and activator of mRNA translation during oocyte maturation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1399. [PMID: 32170089 PMCID: PMC7070028 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deleted in azoospermia-like (DAZL) is an RNA-binding protein critical for gamete development. In full-grown oocytes, the DAZL protein increases 4-fold during reentry into the meiotic cell cycle. Here, we have investigated the functional significance of this accumulation at a genome-wide level. Depletion of DAZL causes a block in maturation and widespread disruption in the pattern of ribosome loading on maternal transcripts. In addition to decreased translation, DAZL depletion also causes translational activation of a distinct subset of mRNAs both in quiescent and maturing oocytes, a function recapitulated with YFP-3′UTR reporters. DAZL binds to mRNAs whose translation is both repressed and activated during maturation. Injection of recombinant DAZL protein in DAZL-depleted oocytes rescues the translation and maturation to MII. Mutagenesis of putative DAZL-binding sites in these mRNAs mimics the effect of DAZL depletion. These findings demonstrate that DAZL regulates translation of maternal mRNAs, functioning both as the translational repressor and activator during oocyte maturation. The RNA binding protein DAZL plays a critical role during germ cell development. Here the authors provide evidence that DAZL functions both as activator and repressor of translation during oocyte maturation in mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Rong Yang
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Gabriel Rajkovic
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Enrico Maria Daldello
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Xuan G Luong
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Marco Conti
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. .,USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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20
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Wilburn DB, Feldhoff RC. An annual cycle of gene regulation in the red-legged salamander mental gland: from hypertrophy to expression of rapidly evolving pheromones. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 19:10. [PMID: 31029098 PMCID: PMC6487043 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-019-0190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Cell differentiation is mediated by synchronized waves of coordinated expression for hundreds to thousands of genes, and must be regulated to produce complex tissues and phenotypes. For many animal species, sexual selection has driven the development of elaborate male ornaments, requiring sex-specific differentiation pathways. One such male ornament is the pheromone-producing mental gland of the red-legged salamander (Plethodon shermani). Mental gland development follows an annual cycle of extreme hypertrophy, production of pheromones for the ~ 2 month mating season, and then complete resorption before repeating the process in the following year. At the peak of the mating season, the transcriptional and translational machinery of the mental gland are almost exclusively redirected to the synthesis of rapidly evolving pheromones. Of these pheromones, Plethodontid Modulating Factor (PMF) has experienced an unusual history: following gene duplication, the protein coding sequence diversified from positive sexual selection while the untranslated regions have been conserved by purifying selection. The molecular underpinnings that bridge the processes of gland hypertrophy, pheromone synthesis, and conservation of the untranslated regions remain to be determined. Results Using Illumina sequencing, we prepared a de novo transcriptome of the mental gland at six stages of development. Differential expression analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed that the mental gland initially adopts a highly proliferative, almost tumor-like phenotype, followed by a rapid increase in pheromone mRNA and protein. One likely player in this transition is Cold Inducible RNA Binding Protein (CIRBP), which selectively and cooperatively binds the highly conserved PMF 3′ UTR. CIRBP, along with other proteins associated with stress response, have seemingly been co-opted to aid in mental gland development by helping to regulate pheromone synthesis. Conclusions The P. shermani mental gland utilizes a complex system of transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation to facilitate its hypertrophication and pheromone synthesis. The data support the evolutionary interplay of coding and noncoding segments in rapid gene evolution, and necessitate the study of co-evolution between pheromone gene products and their transcriptional/translational regulators. Additionally, the mental gland could be a powerful emerging model of regulated tissue proliferation and subsequent resorption within the dermis and share molecular links to skin cancer biology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12861-019-0190-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien B Wilburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. .,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Richard C Feldhoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
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21
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Li H, Liang Z, Yang J, Wang D, Wang H, Zhu M, Geng B, Xu EY. DAZL is a master translational regulator of murine spermatogenesis. Natl Sci Rev 2018; 6:455-468. [PMID: 31355046 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwy163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of DAZ-like (DAZL) is a hallmark of vertebrate germ cells, and is essential for embryonic germ cell development and differentiation, yet the gametogenic function of DAZL has not been fully characterized and most of its in vivo direct targets remain unknown. We showed that postnatal stage-specific deletion of Dazl in mouse germ cells did not affect female fertility, but caused complete male sterility with gradual loss of spermatogonial stem cells, meiotic arrest and spermatid arrest. Using the genome-wide high-throughput sequencing of RNAs isolated by cross-linking immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry approach, we found that DAZL bound to a large number of testicular mRNA transcripts (at least 3008) at the 3'-untranslated region and interacted with translation proteins including poly(A) binding protein. In the absence of DAZL, polysome-associated target transcripts, but not their total transcripts, were significantly decreased, resulting in a drastic reduction of an array of spermatogenic proteins and thus developmental arrest. Thus, DAZL is a master translational regulator essential for spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhuqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hanben Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mengyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Baobao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Eugene Yujun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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22
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Zhang X, Yu S, Yang Q, Wang K, Zhang S, Pan C, Yan H, Dang R, Lei C, Chen H, Lan X. Goat Boule: Isoforms identification, mRNA expression in testis and functional study and promoter methylation profiles. Theriogenology 2018; 116:53-63. [PMID: 29778921 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
A conserved gene in meiosis, the Boule gene is involved in meiosis and spermatogenesis. The deletion of this gene in males blocks meiosis and results in infertility. Alternative splicing variants of the Boule gene have been identified in humans, bovines, and bats, but in dairy goats remains unknown. This study was therefore to detect splicing variants of the goat Boule gene and explore their potential roles in meiosis. Three isoforms, denoted as Boule-a, Boule-b, and Boule-c, were identified in the testes of goats using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and cloning sequencing. Compared to the normal Boule gene, Boule-a was found to lack exons 7 and 8, which corresponds to a predicted variant, X4, on the NCBI database. Boule-b lacked exon 8, and Boule-c only retained exons 1 and 2. Of these three variants, two were novel isoforms of the Boule gene. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that the Boule-a and Boule-b expression patterns were significantly different between the adult goat testes and the postnatal testes of 42 and 56 days. Overexpression of Boule-a and Boule-c in GC-1 spg cells of model mice significantly repressed CDC2 expression. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) results showed that the promoter region of the Boule gene was hypermethylated in goat testes. A negative correlation between the methylation levels of the Boule gene promoter and total mRNA expression of its transcripts was found. Our data showed alternative splicing and promoter methylation in the goat Boule gene, suggesting that this gene may play an important role in the regulation of Boule expression and in meiosis processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Shuai Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Sihuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Chuanying Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hailong Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Ruihua Dang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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23
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Kalous J, Tetkova A, Kubelka M, Susor A. Importance of ERK1/2 in Regulation of Protein Translation during Oocyte Meiosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030698. [PMID: 29494492 PMCID: PMC5877559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the involvement of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway in the regulation of cytostatic factor (CSF) activity; as well as in microtubules organization during meiotic maturation of oocytes; has already been described in detail; rather less attention has been paid to the role of ERK1/2 in the regulation of mRNA translation. However; important data on the role of ERK1/2 in translation during oocyte meiosis have been documented. This review focuses on recent findings regarding the regulation of translation and the role of ERK1/2 in this process in the meiotic cycle of mammalian oocytes. The specific role of ERK1/2 in the regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR); eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1) activity is addressed along with additional focus on the other key players involved in protein translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Kalous
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Tetkova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic.
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Kubelka
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrej Susor
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic.
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24
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Zhang H, Wang G, Liu L, Liang X, Lin Y, Lin YY, Chou CF, Liu MF, Huang H, Sun F. KH-type splicing regulatory protein is a new component of chromatoid body. Reproduction 2017; 154:723-733. [PMID: 28871057 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The chromatoid body (CB) is a specific cloud-like structure in the cytoplasm of haploid spermatids. Recent findings indicate that CB is identified as a male germ cell-specific RNA storage and processing center, but its function has remained elusive for decades. In somatic cells, KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) is involved in regulating gene expression and maturation of select microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the function of KSRP in spermatogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we showed that KSRP partly localizes in CB, as a component of CB. KSRP interacts with proteins (mouse VASA homolog (MVH), polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABP1) and polyadenylate-binding protein 2 (PABP2)), mRNAs (Tnp2 and Odf1) and microRNAs (microRNA-182) in mouse CB. Moreover, KSRP may regulate the integrity of CB via DDX5-miRNA-182 pathway. In addition, we found abnormal expressions of CB component in testes of Ksrp-knockout mice and of patients with hypospermatogenesis. Thus, our results provide mechanistic insight into the role of KSRP in spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Reproductive Medicine CenterThe People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guishuan Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Liu
- The Reproductive Medicine CenterThe First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Lin
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Yu Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Chu-Fang Chou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mo-Fang Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyShanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Sun
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health HospitalShanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Rengaraj D, Lee BR, Han JY, Pang MG. Comprehensive analysis on the homology, interaction, and miRNA regulators of human deleted in azoospermia proteins: updated evolutionary relationships with primates. Genes Genomics 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Rosario R, Childs AJ, Anderson RA. RNA-binding proteins in human oogenesis: Balancing differentiation and self-renewal in the female fetal germline. Stem Cell Res 2017; 21:193-201. [PMID: 28434825 PMCID: PMC5446320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells undergo three significant processes on their path to becoming primary oocytes: the initiation of meiosis, the formation and breakdown of germ cell nests, and the assembly of single oocytes into primordial follicles. However at the onset of meiosis, the germ cell becomes transcriptionally silenced. Consequently translational control of pre-stored mRNAs plays a central role in coordinating gene expression throughout the remainder of oogenesis; RNA binding proteins are key to this regulation. In this review we examine the role of exemplars of such proteins, namely LIN28, DAZL, BOLL and FMRP, and highlight how their roles during germ cell development are critical to oogenesis and the establishment of the primordial follicle pool. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of gene expression during oogenesis. RBPs LIN28, DAZL, BOLL and FMRP display stage-specific expression in fetal oocytes. LIN28 and DAZL may regulate self-renewal and progression into meiosis respectively. BOLL and FMRP may be involved in the later stages of prophase I and oocyte growth. RBPs may have critical roles in establishing the ovarian reserve during fetal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseanne Rosario
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Andrew J Childs
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Richard A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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27
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Abstract
Fully grown oocytes arrest meiosis at prophase I and deposit maternal RNAs. A subset of maternal transcripts is stored in a dormant state in the oocyte, and the timely driven translation of specific mRNAs guides meiotic progression, the oocyte-embryo transition, and early embryo development. In the absence of transcription, the regulation of gene expression in oocytes is controlled almost exclusively at the level of transcriptome and proteome stabilization and at the level of protein synthesis.This chapter focuses on the recent findings on RNA distribution related to the temporal and spatial translational control of the meiotic cycle progression in mammalian oocytes. We discuss the most relevant mechanisms involved in the organization of the oocyte's maternal transcriptome storage and localization, and the regulation of translation, in correlation with the regulation of oocyte meiotic progression.
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28
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Mechanisms of Vertebrate Germ Cell Determination. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 953:383-440. [PMID: 27975276 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-46095-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Two unique characteristics of the germ line are the ability to persist from generation to generation and to retain full developmental potential while differentiating into gametes. How the germ line is specified that allows it to retain these characteristics within the context of a developing embryo remains unknown and is one focus of current research. Germ cell specification proceeds through one of two basic mechanisms: cell autonomous or inductive. Here, we discuss how germ plasm driven germ cell specification (cell autonomous) occurs in both zebrafish and the frog Xenopus. We describe the segregation of germ cells during embryonic development of solitary and colonial ascidians to provide an evolutionary context to both mechanisms. We conclude with a discussion of the inductive mechanism as exemplified by both the mouse and axolotl model systems. Regardless of mechanism, several general themes can be recognized including the essential role of repression and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression.
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29
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LncRNA, a new component of expanding RNA-protein regulatory network important for animal sperm development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 59:110-117. [PMID: 27345292 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is one of the fundamental processes of sexual reproduction, present in almost all metazoan animals. Like many other reproductive traits, developmental features and traits of spermatogenesis are under strong selective pressure to change, both at morphological and underlying molecular levels. Yet evidence suggests that some fundamental features of spermatogenesis may be ancient and conserved among metazoan species. Identifying the underlying conserved molecular mechanisms could reveal core components of metazoan spermatogenic machinery and provide novel insight into causes of human infertility. Conserved RNA-binding proteins and their interacting RNA network emerge to be a common theme important for animal sperm development. We review research on the recent addition to the RNA family - Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and its roles in spermatogenesis in the context of the expanding RNA-protein network.
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30
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Williams PA, Krug MS, McMillan EA, Peake JD, Davis TL, Cocklin S, Strochlic TI. Phosphorylation of the RNA-binding protein Dazl by MAPKAP kinase 2 regulates spermatogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:2341-50. [PMID: 27280388 PMCID: PMC4966976 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-11-0773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing male germ cells are exquisitely sensitive to stress and rely on RNA-binding proteins for posttranscriptional gene expression. Phosphorylation of the germ cell–specific RNA-binding protein deleted in azoospermia-like (Dazl) by the stress-activated protein kinase MK2 is a negative regulator of spermatogenesis. Developing male germ cells are exquisitely sensitive to environmental insults such as heat and oxidative stress. An additional characteristic of these cells is their unique dependence on RNA-binding proteins for regulating posttranscriptional gene expression and translational control. Here we provide a mechanistic link unifying these two features. We show that the germ cell–specific RNA-binding protein deleted in azoospermia-like (Dazl) is phosphorylated by MAPKAP kinase 2 (MK2), a stress-induced protein kinase activated downstream of p38 MAPK. We demonstrate that phosphorylation of Dazl by MK2 on an evolutionarily conserved serine residue inhibits its interaction with poly(A)-binding protein, resulting in reduced translation of Dazl-regulated target RNAs. We further show that transgenic expression of wild-type human Dazl but not a phosphomimetic form in the Drosophila male germline can restore fertility to flies deficient in boule, the Drosophila orthologue of human Dazl. These results illuminate a novel role for MK2 in spermatogenesis, expand the repertoire of RNA-binding proteins phosphorylated by this kinase, and suggest that signaling by the p38-MK2 pathway is a negative regulator of spermatogenesis via phosphorylation of Dazl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Williams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Michael S Krug
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Emily A McMillan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Jasmine D Peake
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Tara L Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Simon Cocklin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Todd I Strochlic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
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31
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A premeiotic function for boule in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E3509-18. [PMID: 27330085 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521341113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ), a Y chromosome gene, are an important cause of human male infertility. DAZ is found exclusively in primates, limiting functional studies of this gene to its homologs: boule, required for meiotic progression of germ cells in invertebrate model systems, and Daz-like (Dazl), required for early germ cell maintenance in vertebrates. Dazl is believed to have acquired its premeiotic role in a vertebrate ancestor following the duplication and functional divergence of the single-copy gene boule. However, multiple homologs of boule have been identified in some invertebrates, raising the possibility that some of these genes may play other roles, including a premeiotic function. Here we identify two boule paralogs in the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea Smed-boule1 is necessary for meiotic progression of male germ cells, similar to the known function of boule in invertebrates. By contrast, Smed-boule2 is required for the maintenance of early male germ cells, similar to vertebrate Dazl To examine if Boule2 may be functionally similar to vertebrate Dazl, we identify and functionally characterize planarian homologs of human DAZL/DAZ-interacting partners and DAZ family mRNA targets. Finally, our phylogenetic analyses indicate that premeiotic functions of planarian boule2 and vertebrate Dazl evolved independently. Our study uncovers a premeiotic role for an invertebrate boule homolog and offers a tractable invertebrate model system for studying the premeiotic functions of the DAZ protein family.
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Guo J, Lian X, Zhong J, Wang T, Zhang G. Length-dependent translation initiation benefits the functional proteome of human cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:370-8. [PMID: 25353704 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00462k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We previously found that shorter mRNAs are preferably translated in various eukaryotic cells. However, the theoretical basis of this phenomenon is unclear. We hypothesize that shorter mRNA length correlates to the decreased translational error rate to reduce the energy consumption on defective protein degradation. In this study, we established a computational model to explain the length-dependent translation initiation efficiency. We provided mathematical evidence that this translational preference, rather than the protein degradation, is a major factor to shape the genome-wide length-dependent protein abundance. As deducted, we simulated that shorter mRNA length is a determinant of initiation circularization time. Furthermore, our model unveiled that preferentially translating shorter mRNAs benefits the energy efficiency on the proteome functionality. We proposed that cancer cells tend to hijack this evolutionary mechanism by counteracting the higher translational error rate. In conclusion, our model provides insights into the nature of the global length-dependent translational control and its biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Guo
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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CPEB and miR-15/16 Co-Regulate Translation of Cyclin E1 mRNA during Xenopus Oocyte Maturation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146792. [PMID: 26829217 PMCID: PMC4734764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle transitions spanning meiotic maturation of the Xenopus oocyte and early embryogenesis are tightly regulated at the level of stored inactive maternal mRNA. We investigated here the translational control of cyclin E1, required for metaphase II arrest of the unfertilised egg and the initiation of S phase in the early embryo. We show that the cyclin E1 mRNA is regulated by both cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) and two miR-15/16 target sites within its 3’UTR. Moreover, we provide evidence that maternal miR-15/16 microRNAs co-immunoprecipitate with CPE-binding protein (CPEB), and that CPEB interacts with the RISC component Ago2. Experiments using competitor RNA and mutated cyclin E1 3’UTRs suggest cooperation of the regulatory elements to sustain repression of the cyclin E1 mRNA during early stages of maturation when CPEB becomes limiting and cytoplasmic polyadenylation of repressed mRNAs begins. Importantly, injection of anti-miR-15/16 LNA results in the early polyadenylation of endogenous cyclin E1 mRNA during meiotic maturation, and an acceleration of GVBD, altogether strongly suggesting that the proximal CPEB and miRNP complexes act to mutually stabilise each other. We conclude that miR-15/16 and CPEB co-regulate cyclin E1 mRNA. This is the first demonstration of the co-operation of these two pathways.
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Sousa Martins JP, Liu X, Oke A, Arora R, Franciosi F, Viville S, Laird DJ, Fung JC, Conti M. DAZL and CPEB1 regulate mRNA translation synergistically during oocyte maturation. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1271-82. [PMID: 26826184 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.179218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Meiotic progression requires exquisitely coordinated translation of maternal messenger (m)RNA that has accumulated during oocyte growth. A major regulator of this program is the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1). However, the temporal pattern of translation at different meiotic stages indicates the function of additional RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Here, we report that deleted in azoospermia-like (DAZL) cooperates with CPEB1 to regulate maternal mRNA translation. Using a strategy that monitors ribosome loading onto endogenous mRNAs and a prototypic translation target, we show that ribosome loading is induced in a DAZL- and CPEB1-dependent manner, as the oocyte reenters meiosis. Depletion of the two RBPs from oocytes and mutagenesis of the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) demonstrate that both RBPs interact with the Tex19.1 3' UTR and cooperate in translation activation of this mRNA. We observed a synergism between DAZL and cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) in the translation pattern of maternal mRNAs when using a genome-wide analysis. Mechanistically, the number of DAZL proteins loaded onto the mRNA and the characteristics of the CPE might define the degree of cooperation between the two RBPs in activating translation and meiotic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao P Sousa Martins
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ashwini Oke
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ripla Arora
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Federica Franciosi
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Stephan Viville
- Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale INSERM U964, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique CNRS UMR 1704, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Diana J Laird
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jennifer C Fung
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Marco Conti
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Characterization of RyDEN (C19orf66) as an Interferon-Stimulated Cellular Inhibitor against Dengue Virus Replication. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005357. [PMID: 26735137 PMCID: PMC4703206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most important arthropod-borne pathogens that cause life-threatening diseases in humans. However, no vaccine or specific antiviral is available for dengue. As seen in other RNA viruses, the innate immune system plays a key role in controlling DENV infection and disease outcome. Although the interferon (IFN) response, which is central to host protective immunity, has been reported to limit DENV replication, the molecular details of how DENV infection is modulated by IFN treatment are elusive. In this study, by employing a gain-of-function screen using a type I IFN-treated cell-derived cDNA library, we identified a previously uncharacterized gene, C19orf66, as an IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) that inhibits DENV replication, which we named Repressor of yield of DENV (RyDEN). Overexpression and gene knockdown experiments revealed that expression of RyDEN confers resistance to all serotypes of DENV in human cells. RyDEN expression also limited the replication of hepatitis C virus, Kunjin virus, Chikungunya virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, and human adenovirus. Importantly, RyDEN was considered to be a crucial effector molecule in the IFN-mediated anti-DENV response. When affinity purification-mass spectrometry analysis was performed, RyDEN was revealed to form a complex with cellular mRNA-binding proteins, poly(A)-binding protein cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1), and La motif-related protein 1 (LARP1). Interestingly, PABPC1 and LARP1 were found to be positive modulators of DENV replication. Since RyDEN influenced intracellular events on DENV replication and, suppression of protein synthesis from DENV-based reporter construct RNA was also observed in RyDEN-expressing cells, our data suggest that RyDEN is likely to interfere with the translation of DENV via interaction with viral RNA and cellular mRNA-binding proteins, resulting in the inhibition of virus replication in infected cells.
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Taylor DH, Chu ETJ, Spektor R, Soloway PD. Long non-coding RNA regulation of reproduction and development. Mol Reprod Dev 2015; 82:932-56. [PMID: 26517592 PMCID: PMC4762656 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have long been known to play vital roles in eukaryotic gene regulation. Studies conducted over a decade ago revealed that maturation of spliced, polyadenylated coding mRNA occurs by reactions involving small nuclear RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs; mRNA translation depends on activities mediated by transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNAs, subject to negative regulation by micro RNAs; transcriptional competence of sex chromosomes and some imprinted genes is regulated in cis by ncRNAs that vary by species; and both small-interfering RNAs and piwi-interacting RNAs bound to Argonaute-family proteins regulate post-translational modifications on chromatin and local gene expression states. More recently, gene-regulating noncoding RNAs have been identified, such as long intergenic and long noncoding RNAs (collectively referred to as lncRNAs)--a class totaling more than 100,000 transcripts in humans, which include some of the previously mentioned RNAs that regulate dosage compensation and imprinted gene expression. Here, we provide an overview of lncRNA activities, and then review the role of lncRNAs in processes vital to reproduction, such as germ cell specification, sex determination and gonadogenesis, sex hormone responses, meiosis, gametogenesis, placentation, non-genetic inheritance, and pathologies affecting reproductive tissues. Results from many species are presented to illustrate the evolutionarily conserved processes lncRNAs are involved in.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Taylor
- Field of Genetics, Genomics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Erin Tsi-Jia Chu
- Field of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Roman Spektor
- Field of Genetics, Genomics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Paul D. Soloway
- Field of Genetics, Genomics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Field of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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37
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Reyes JM, Ross PJ. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation in mammalian oocyte maturation. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2015; 7:71-89. [PMID: 26596258 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte developmental competence is the ability of the mature oocyte to be fertilized and subsequently drive early embryo development. Developmental competence is acquired by completion of oocyte maturation, a process that includes nuclear (meiotic) and cytoplasmic (molecular) changes. Given that maturing oocytes are transcriptionally quiescent (as are early embryos), they depend on post-transcriptional regulation of stored transcripts for protein synthesis, which is largely mediated by translational repression and deadenylation of transcripts within the cytoplasm, followed by recruitment of specific transcripts in a spatiotemporal manner for translation during oocyte maturation and early development. Motifs within the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of messenger RNA (mRNA) are thought to mediate repression and downstream activation by their association with binding partners that form dynamic protein complexes that elicit differing effects on translation depending on cell stage and interacting proteins. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation (CP) element, Pumilio binding element, and hexanucleotide polyadenylation signal are among the best understood motifs involved in CP, and translational regulation of stored transcripts as their binding partners have been relatively well-characterized. Knowledge of CP in mammalian oocytes is discussed as well as novel approaches that can be used to enhance our understanding of the functional and contributing features to transcript CP and translational regulation during mammalian oocyte maturation. WIREs RNA 2016, 7:71-89. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1316 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Reyes
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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38
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Gonadal development and germ cell tumors in mouse and humans. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 45:114-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
To fully understand the regulation of gene expression, it is critical to quantitatively define whether and how RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) discriminate between alternative binding sites in RNAs. Here, we describe new methods that measure protein binding to large numbers of RNA variants, and ways to analyse and interpret data obtained by these approaches, including affinity distributions and free energy landscapes. We discuss how the new methodologies and the associated concepts enable the development of inclusive, quantitative models for RNA-protein interactions that transcend the traditional binary classification of RBPs as either specific or nonspecific.
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Lowther KM, Mehlmann LM. Embryonic Poly(A)-Binding Protein Is Required During Early Stages of Mouse Oocyte Development for Chromatin Organization, Transcriptional Silencing, and Meiotic Competence. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:43. [PMID: 26134869 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.131359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryo development until zygotic genome activation (ZGA), transcription is suppressed, and gene expression is dependent upon the timely activation of stored mRNAs. Embryonic poly(A)-binding protein (EPAB) is the predominant poly(A)-binding protein in Xenopus, mouse, and human oocytes and early embryos and is important for regulating translational activation of maternally stored mRNAs. EPAB is critical for early development because Epab(-/-) female mice do not produce mature eggs and are infertile. In this study, we further characterize morphological and molecular aspects of Epab(-/-) oocytes. We demonstrated that Epab(-/-) oocytes are smaller in size, contain peripheral germinal vesicles, and are loosely associated with cumulus cells. The chromatin reorganization of the surrounded nucleolus (SN) configuration and transcriptional silencing that normally occurs during oocyte growth does not occur in Epab(-/-) oocytes. Interestingly, microinjection of Epab mRNA into Epab(-/-) preantral follicle-enclosed oocytes rescues reorganization of chromatin and oocyte maturation to metaphase II. Overall, these results demonstrate an important role for EPAB during oocyte growth and the acquisition of meiotic competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Lowther
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lisa M Mehlmann
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut
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Knockout of RNA Binding Protein MSI2 Impairs Follicle Development in the Mouse Ovary: Characterization of MSI1 and MSI2 during Folliculogenesis. Biomolecules 2015; 5:1228-44. [PMID: 26131972 PMCID: PMC4598749 DOI: 10.3390/biom5031228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the mechanisms underlying follicle development in the ovary is crucial to understanding female fertility and is an area of increasing research interest. The RNA binding protein Musashi is essential for post-transcriptional regulation of oocyte maturation in Xenopus and is expressed during ovarian development in Drosophila. In mammals Musashi is important for spermatogenesis and male fertility, but its role in the ovary has yet to be characterized. In this study we determined the expression of mammalian Musashi proteins MSI1 and MSI2 during mouse folliculogenesis, and through the use of a MSI2-specific knockout mouse model we identified that MSI2 is essential for normal follicle development. Time-course characterization of MSI1 and MSI2 revealed distinct differences in steady-state mRNA levels and protein expression/localization at important developmental time-points during folliculogenesis. Using a gene-trap mouse model that inactivates Msi2, we observed a significant decrease in ovarian mass, and change in follicle-stage composition due to developmental blocking of antral stage follicles and pre-antral follicle loss through atresia. We also confirmed that hormonally stimulated Msi2-deficient mice produce significantly fewer MII oocytes (60.9% less than controls, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the majority of these oocytes are of poor viability (62.2% non-viable/apoptotic, p < 0.05), which causes a reduction in female fertility evidenced by decreased litter size in Msi2-deficient animals (33.1% reduction to controls, p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that MSI1 and MSI2 display distinct expression profiles during mammalian folliculogenesis and that MSI2 is required for pre-antral follicle development.
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Sekiné K, Furusawa T, Hatakeyama M. The boule gene is essential for spermatogenesis of haploid insect male. Dev Biol 2015; 399:154-163. [PMID: 25592223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
boule (bol), a member of the Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ) gene family plays an important role in meiosis (reductional maturation divisions) in a spermatogenesis-specific manner in animals by regulating translation of the downstream cell division cycle 25 (cdc25) phosphatase mRNA. Orthologues of bol are conserved among animals and found in the genomes of hymenopteran insects, in which the general mode of reproduction is haplodiploidy: female is diploid and male is haploid. In this mode of reproduction, haploid males produce haploid sperm through non-reductional maturation divisions. The question thus arises of whether the bol gene actually functions during spermatogenesis in these haploid males. In this study, we identified two transcriptional isoforms of bol orthologue (Ar bol and Ar bol-2), and one cdc25 orthologue (Ar cdc25) in the hymenopteran sawfly, Athalia rosae. Ar bol was expressed exclusively in the testis when maturation divisions occurred, while Ar bol-2 was expressed ubiquitously. Knockdown of all bol transcripts (both Ar bol and Ar bol-2) resulted in a lack of mature sperm, whereas males with sole knockdown of Ar bol-2 were able to produce a small number of mature sperm. The cell cycle was arrested before maturation divisions in the testis in which all bol transcripts were knocked down, as revealed by flow cytometry. Although no mature sperm was produced, sperm elongation was partially observed when Ar cdc25 alone was knocked down. These results indicate that Ar bol is essential for the entry and progression of maturation divisions and sperm differentiation in haploid males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sekiné
- Division of Insect Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 1-2, Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan
| | - Tadashi Furusawa
- Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2, Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Hatakeyama
- Division of Insect Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 1-2, Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan.
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Stefanidis K, Pergialiotis V, Christakis D, Patta J, Stefanidi D, Loutradis D. OCT-4 and DAZL expression in precancerous lesions of the human uterine cervix. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014; 41:763-7. [PMID: 25491317 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4) and deleted in azoospermia like (DAZL) are expressed among cells with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and quantify their relative expression when compared with normal cervical cultures. METHODS Cervical cells derived from normal cell cultures, HPV lesions and CIN lesions were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 20% amniotic fluid and 5 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor at 37°C and humidified 10% CO2 in air. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using G6PD as a reference. We used REST for statistical analysis of real-time PCR. RESULTS Whereas DAZL was not expressed either in normal cultures or HPV and CIN lesions, OCT-4 was expressed in all examined cell lines. Moreover its relative expression was significantly upregulated among cultures of HPV-infected cells (RE, 11.003; 95%CI: 0.054-36 704.527, P = 0.042), an observation that was also close to statistical significance among cultures of CIN lesions (P = 0.066). CONCLUSION The relative expression of OCT-4 is upregulated during the early, preinvasive stages of cervical carcinogenesis. Future studies should investigate its potential as a screening marker and as a possible target of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Stefanidis
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Division of Reproductive Medicine, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, Athens, Greece; 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Abstract
Post-transcriptional gene regulation (PTGR) concerns processes involved in the maturation, transport, stability and translation of coding and non-coding RNAs. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and ribonucleoproteins coordinate RNA processing and PTGR. The introduction of large-scale quantitative methods, such as next-generation sequencing and modern protein mass spectrometry, has renewed interest in the investigation of PTGR and the protein factors involved at a systems-biology level. Here, we present a census of 1,542 manually curated RBPs that we have analysed for their interactions with different classes of RNA, their evolutionary conservation, their abundance and their tissue-specific expression. Our analysis is a critical step towards the comprehensive characterization of proteins involved in human RNA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gerstberger
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory for RNA Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York 10065, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Tuschl
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory for RNA Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York 10065, USA
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Ozturk S, Sozen B, Demir N. Epab and Pabpc1 are differentially expressed in the postnatal mouse ovaries. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 32:137-46. [PMID: 25370180 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Embryonic poly(A)-binding protein (EPAB) and poly(A)-binding protein, cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) bind poly(A) tails of mRNAs and mediate their translational regulation in germ cells and early preimplantation embryos. Although expression patterns and possible functions of the Epab and Pabpc1 genes have been examined in vertebrate germ cells and early embryos, their expression levels and cellular localizations in the postnatal mouse ovaries remained elusive. METHODS In the present study, we first aimed to characterize expression levels of the Epab and Pabpc1 genes in the prepubertal (1-, 2-, and 3-week old), pubertal (4-, 5-, and 6-week old), postpubertal (16-week and 18-week old), and aged (52-, 60-, and 72-week old) mouse ovaries by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Epab mRNA was predominantly expressed in the prepubertal ovaries when compared to later developmental periods. However, Pabpc1 transcript was highly generated in the prepubertal and pubertal mouse ovaries except for 1-week old ovary than those of other developmental terms. In the prepubertal mouse ovaries, RNA in situ hybridization localized both Epab and Pabpc1 transcripts in the cytoplasm of oocytes and granulosa cells of all follicular stages. Consistently, Epab and Pabpc1 gene expression were detected in the cumulus cells and MII oocytes obtained from cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs). Ovarian follicle counting in the postnatal ovaries revealed that total number of follicles was higher in the prepubertal ovaries in comparison with later stages of development. CONCLUSION As a result, Epab and Pabpc1 expression exhibit differences at postnatal ovary development stages and both genes are transcribed in the granulosa cells and oocytes. These findings suggest that EPAB may predominantly play roles in translational regulation of the mRNAs during early oogenesis and folliculogenesis, but PABPC1 most likely perform these roles in the later terms of ovarian development along with EPAB protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saffet Ozturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
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Hu Y, Yin KL, Ma X, Xia HF. Anti-PABPC1 co-immunoprecipitation for examining the miRNAs directly targeting the 3'-UTR of EED mRNA. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103695. [PMID: 25084349 PMCID: PMC4118908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression by base pairing with partially complementary sequences within target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Although the target genes and the precise biological functions of individual miRNAs remain largely unknown, miRNAs have been implicated in diverse biological processes, including both normal and pathological states. As a single stranded mRNA can be directly targeted by multiple miRNAs, and as the target sites may exist in the 3′-untranslated region (UTR), 5′-UTR, or the coding regions, it is essential to develop an effective method to identify the full-scale miRNA regulatory pattern of each particular gene. In this study, we employed a biochemical approach to identify the miRNA profiles that regulate the expression of embryonic ectoderm development (EED) protein by using anti-PABPC1 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). The full length EED mRNA was subcloned into an expression vector and transiently transfected into a Flag-PABPC1 stable expression cell line. Subsequent to cross-linking and an anti-Flag Co-IP, the miRNAs that directly targeted EED were identified. We found that the best time point to distinguish the positive miRNAs from the background was 18 hours after the plasmid transfection. As expected, the miRNAs that directly target EED were found to interact with EED mRNA through the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC). Meanwhile, the EED mRNA was bound by Flag-PABPC1. This method depends on the integrity of the miRISC complex and achieves greater efficiency when ultraviolet irradiation is used for the process of cross-linking. By using anti-PABPC1 RIP, we identified EED to be a new target gene of miR-16; a finding further confirmed using a dual-luciferase assay. In summary, our data indicate that anti-PABPC1 RIP is a validated and direct biochemical method to provide data about specific miRNA-mRNA interactions, as well as global miRNA patterns regulating the mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Reproductive and Genetic Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun-Lun Yin
- Reproductive and Genetic Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XM); (HFX)
| | - Hong-Fei Xia
- Reproductive and Genetic Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XM); (HFX)
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Niu Z, Hu Y, Liao M, Yu M, Zhu H, Wang L, Wu J, Bai C, Li G, Hua J. Conservation and function of Dazl in promoting the meiosis of goat male germline stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:2697-707. [PMID: 24477583 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3156-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dazl (deleted in azoospermia-like) is a conserved gene in mammalian meiosis, which encodes RNA binding protein required for spermatocyte meiosis. Up to date, the expression and function of Dazl in the goat testis are unknown. The objectives of this study were to investigate the expression pattern of Dazl in dairy goat testis and their function in male germline stem cells (mGSCs). The results first revealed that the expression level of Dazl in adult testes was significantly higher than younger and immature goats, and azoospermia and male intersex testis. The dairy goat Dazl is highly conserved analysed by several online and bioinformatics software, respectively. Over-expression of Dazl promoted the expression of meiosis-related genes in dairy goat mGSCs. The expression of Stra8 was up-regulated by over-expression of Dazl analysed by Luciferase reporter assay. Taken together, results suggest the Dazl plays an important role in dairy goat spermatogenesis and that over-expression of Dazl may promote Stra8 expression in dairy goat mGSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Key Lab for Animal Biotechnology of Agriculture Ministry of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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48
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Charlesworth A, Meijer HA, de Moor CH. Specificity factors in cytoplasmic polyadenylation. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2014; 4:437-61. [PMID: 23776146 PMCID: PMC3736149 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Poly(A) tail elongation after export of an messenger RNA (mRNA) to the cytoplasm is called cytoplasmic polyadenylation. It was first discovered in oocytes and embryos, where it has roles in meiosis and development. In recent years, however, has been implicated in many other processes, including synaptic plasticity and mitosis. This review aims to introduce cytoplasmic polyadenylation with an emphasis on the factors and elements mediating this process for different mRNAs and in different animal species. We will discuss the RNA sequence elements mediating cytoplasmic polyadenylation in the 3' untranslated regions of mRNAs, including the CPE, MBE, TCS, eCPE, and C-CPE. In addition to describing the role of general polyadenylation factors, we discuss the specific RNA binding protein families associated with cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements, including CPEB (CPEB1, CPEB2, CPEB3, and CPEB4), Pumilio (PUM2), Musashi (MSI1, MSI2), zygote arrest (ZAR2), ELAV like proteins (ELAVL1, HuR), poly(C) binding proteins (PCBP2, αCP2, hnRNP-E2), and Bicaudal C (BICC1). Some emerging themes in cytoplasmic polyadenylation will be highlighted. To facilitate understanding for those working in different organisms and fields, particularly those who are analyzing high throughput data, HUGO gene nomenclature for the human orthologs is used throughout. Where human orthologs have not been clearly identified, reference is made to protein families identified in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Charlesworth
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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49
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Evolutionary conservation and expression of human RNA-binding proteins and their role in human genetic disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 825:1-55. [PMID: 25201102 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1221-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are effectors and regulators of posttranscriptional gene regulation (PTGR). RBPs regulate stability, maturation, and turnover of all RNAs, often binding thousands of targets at many sites. The importance of RBPs is underscored by their dysregulation or mutations causing a variety of developmental and neurological diseases. This chapter globally discusses human RBPs and provides a brief introduction to their identification and RNA targets. We review RBPs based on common structural RNA-binding domains, study their evolutionary conservation and expression, and summarize disease associations of different RBP classes.
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50
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Chen J, Torcia S, Xie F, Lin CJ, Cakmak H, Franciosi F, Horner K, Onodera C, Song JS, Cedars MI, Ramalho-Santos M, Conti M. Somatic cells regulate maternal mRNA translation and developmental competence of mouse oocytes. Nat Cell Biol 2013; 15:1415-23. [PMID: 24270888 PMCID: PMC4066669 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Germ cells divide and differentiate in a unique local microenvironment under the control of somatic cells. Signals released in this niche instruct oocyte reentry into the meiotic cell cycle. Once initiated, the progression through meiosis and the associated programme of maternal messenger RNA translation are thought to be cell autonomous. Here we show that translation of a subset of maternal mRNAs critical for embryo development is under the control of somatic cell inputs. Translation of specific maternal transcripts increases in oocytes cultured in association with somatic cells and is sensitive to EGF-like growth factors that act only on the somatic compartment. In mice deficient in amphiregulin, decreased fecundity and oocyte developmental competence is associated with defective translation of a subset of maternal mRNAs. These somatic cell signals that affect translation require activation of the PI(3)K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Thus, mRNA translation depends on somatic cell cues that are essential to reprogramme the oocyte for embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- 1] Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA [2] Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA [3] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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